WO2018170938A1

WO2018170938A1 - Moving magnet-type loudspeaker

Info

Publication number: WO2018170938A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/078747
Authority: WO
Inventors: 汲鹏程; 祖峰磊; 许超
Original assignee: 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-03-18
Filing date: 2017-03-30
Publication date: 2018-09-27
Also published as: CN106658315A; CN106658315B

Abstract

Disclosed is a moving magnet-type loudspeaker, comprising a housing, a vibrating diaphragm and a vibrator arranged in parallel with the vibrating diaphragm being housed in the housing, wherein the vibrator comprises a voice coil; a drive magnet is fixed to one side, close to the vibrator, of the vibrating diaphragm, an electromagnet, formed after the voice coil is electrified, generates an interactive force with the drive magnet to drive the vibrating diaphragm to vibrate and emit sound; a motor magnet is also fixed to one side, close to the vibrator, of the vibrating diaphragm; the voice coil is fixed on a basket, and an elastic support member is respectively fixed at two ends of the basket; the elastic support member is provided with an elastic deformation space along a horizontal direction; and magnetic induction lines of the motor magnet cut the voice coil, pushing the vibrator to vibrate along a horizontal direction. The moving magnet-type loudspeaker in the present invention has a good high-frequency transient response, while also small in thickness, and high in stability and reliability, and is capable of meeting the performance requirements of a Hi-Fi device.

Description

Moving magnetic speaker

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic products, and in particular to a moving magnetic speaker capable of realizing the function of a speaker and a linear vibration motor.

Background technique

The speaker is an important acoustic component of portable electronic equipment. It is used to convert electrical signals and sound signals. It is an energy conversion device. Linear vibration motor is one of the motors and an important component of portable electronic devices. A function to achieve vibration alerting. At present, the speakers used in portable electronic devices are mostly moving coil speakers. Due to the principle of the dynamic speaker, the high frequency transient response is poor, and the high frequency performance is low, which is difficult to meet the current Hi-Fi (high fidelity) equipment. Performance requirements. At the same time, as the size of portable electronic devices continues to be miniaturized, the speaker and the vibration motor are usually packaged in a single housing to form a two-in-one product to reduce the space occupied, but when using a moving coil speaker to make a two-in-one product, only The Z-direction motor can be made, that is, the vibration direction of the vibration motor is vertical, which makes the thickness of the product large and cannot meet the requirements of ultra-thin portable electronic equipment.

Summary of the invention

technical problem

In view of the above drawbacks, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a moving magnetic speaker that has a high-frequency transient response and can realize the function of a linear vibration motor, and has a small thickness and a small footprint.

Technical solutions

The present invention provides a moving magnetic speaker including a housing in which a diaphragm and a vibrator disposed in parallel with the diaphragm are housed; the vibrator includes a voice coil; the diaphragm is adjacent to the vibrator One a drive magnet is fixed to the side, and the voice coil is energized to form an electromagnet, and an interaction force is generated with the drive magnet to drive the diaphragm to vibrate; the motor is fixed to the side of the vibrator The voice coil is fixed on the basin frame, and the two ends of the basin frame are respectively fixed with elastic supporting members; the elastic supporting members have an elastic deformation space in a horizontal direction; and the magnetic wire of the motor magnet cuts the The voice coil pushes the vibrator to vibrate in the horizontal direction.

Wherein, the driving magnet is provided with two pieces, the motor magnet is located between the two driving magnets; the voice coil is provided with two, respectively corresponding to two pieces of the driving magnet; The magnetization directions of the driving magnets are opposite, and the energizing currents of the two of the voice coils are opposite.

Wherein the vibrator further includes a magnet disposed between the two voice coils and disposed opposite to the motor magnet, the magnetization direction of the magnet being vertical, and a magnetization direction of the magnet and the motor magnet The magnetization direction is reversed.

Wherein, the diaphragm comprises a folding ring at the edge and a vibration plate fixed at a middle portion of the folding ring, and the driving magnet and the motor magnet are both fixed on the vibration plate.

Wherein, the two sides of the two voice coils are disposed with a magnetic conductive component, and the two magnetic conductive components are identical in structure and oppositely disposed, and the structure of the magnetic conductive component is adapted to the structure of the voice coil. .

Wherein, two centers of the voice coils are respectively provided with an armature, and the two armatures are respectively disposed opposite to the two driving magnets, and the armature changes its own according to a change of a current direction through the voice coil. a magnetization direction; the armature and the voice coil together form the electromagnet.

Wherein, the voice coil, the armature and the magnet are both fixed on the basin frame to jointly form the vibrator.

Wherein, the housing comprises an upper shell and a lower shell joined together; the diaphragm is fixed on the upper shell, and a sound hole is arranged in a middle portion of the upper shell; the vibrator passes through the elastic support The piece is mounted on the lower case.

Wherein the bottom of the lower case protrudes from the two ends of the lower case with a fixing portion, and one end of the flexible printed circuit board for electrically connecting the voice coil and the external circuit is attached to the fixing portion. The flexible printed circuit board is attached to the fixing portion at a portion outside the lower case.

Wherein the upper side of the edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed with a backing ring, and the backing ring is fixed on the top of the upper shell The inside of the department.

Wherein the two elastic supporting members are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged with respect to a diagonal of the vibrator; the elastic supporting member comprises two elastic arms integrally connected at one end, and the elastic arms are made of a flat structural wire. And the width of the wire in the vertical direction is greater than the width thereof in the lateral direction; the unconnected ends of the two elastic arms are fixedly connected to the basin frame and the lower casing, respectively, and The connection point between the basin frame and the lower case is located on the same side of the center line in the vibration direction of the vibrator.

Wherein, the basin frame comprises a bottom portion of a rectangular plate shape, and each of the four corner portions of the bottom of the basin frame is provided with a mounting portion perpendicular to the bottom of the basin frame, and the ends of the elastic arms are fixedly attached thereto. On the installation section.

Beneficial effect

The moving magnetic speaker of the present invention comprises a casing, wherein the casing houses a diaphragm and a vibrator, and the vibrator includes a voice coil; a side of the diaphragm close to the vibrator is fixed with a driving magnet and a motor magnet; and the voice coil is energized to form an electromagnet, An interaction force is generated with the driving magnet to drive the diaphragm to sound; the voice coil is fixed on the basin frame, and elastic support members are respectively fixed at both ends of the basin frame; the elastic support member has an elastic deformation space in the horizontal direction; the magnetic feeling of the motor magnet The voice coil is cut in a line to push the vibrator to vibrate in the horizontal direction. The speaker of the present invention is a moving magnetic speaker. When the voice coil passes the alternating audio current, the voice coil forms an electromagnet and interacts with the driving magnet. Since the voice coil is fixed in the vertical direction, the driving magnet will Vibrating up and down, the diaphragm vibrates up and down along with the driving magnet, thereby inducing the sound of the air to realize the function of the speaker, and the ampere force generated by the original voice coil cutting magnetic line becomes the interaction force between the electromagnet and the permanent magnet. In principle, the high-frequency transient response of the moving coil speaker is improved, and the high-frequency performance is improved; when the voice coil passes the alternating current signal, the magnetic line of the motor magnet cuts the energized voice coil, sound The ring is subjected to the action of the Lorentz force to generate an X-direction motion, thereby realizing the vibration of the vibrator in the horizontal direction, that is, the vibration function of the motor is realized. It can be seen that the dynamic magnetic speaker of the invention has good high-frequency transient response, can meet the acoustic performance requirements of the high-fidelity device, and can realize the function of the linear vibration motor, and has small thickness and small occupied space.

Since the driving magnet is provided with two pieces, the motor magnet is located between the two driving magnets; the voice coil is provided with two corresponding to the two driving magnets; the magnetization directions of the two driving magnets are opposite, and the two voice coils are energized The flow direction is opposite. Two drive magnets and two voice coils are provided to make the diaphragm more uniform, improve the vibration stability and balance of the diaphragm, and prevent polarization of the diaphragm.

Since the vibrator further includes a magnet disposed between the two voice coils opposite to the motor magnet, the magnetization direction of the magnet is vertical, and the magnetization direction of the magnet is opposite to the magnetization direction of the motor magnet. The magnet can shift the magnetic induction line of the motor magnet to both sides, so that it passes more than two voice coils, which improves the working efficiency of the vibration motor. At the same time, the magnet and the motor magnet repel each other, which can effectively prevent the driving magnet and the vibrator. The phase adsorption plays a role in balancing the vibration position and vibration space of the diaphragm, and improves the stability and reliability of the product.

Since the center of the two voice coils is provided with an armature, the two armatures are respectively disposed opposite to the two driving magnets, and the armature changes its magnetization direction according to the change of the current direction through the voice coil. When the voice coil is energized, the armature can be magnetized, and the voice coil and the armature together form an electromagnet, which increases the strength of the magnetic field generated by the voice coil, enhances the force with the driving magnet, and improves the sensitivity of the speaker.

Since each of the two voice coils is separated from each other with a magnetic conductive member, the magnetic conductive member can gather the magnetic field generated by the voice coil inward to reduce magnetic leakage, thereby effectively increasing the magnetic field strength, and further improving the sensitivity of the speaker.

Since the two elastic supporting members are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged with respect to the diagonal of the vibrator; the elastic supporting member comprises two elastic arms integrally connected at one end, the elastic arms are made of a flat structural wire, and the width of the wires in the vertical direction is More than its width in the lateral direction, the elastic support of such a structure occupies a small vibration space, and can increase the strength of the elastic support member in the vertical direction, can better bear the weight of the vibrator, and improve the stability and balance of the vibration of the vibrator. Sexuality prevents polarization and noise generation of the vibrator during vibration.

In summary, the moving magnetic speaker of the present invention solves the technical problems of high-frequency transient response difference and large thickness of the speaker and motor combo products in the prior art, and the moving magnetic speaker of the present invention High-frequency transient response, small thickness, high performance, high stability and reliability, can meet the performance requirements of high-fidelity equipment.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic exploded view of a moving magnetic speaker according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a moving magnetic speaker according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic view showing the working principle of a speaker of a moving magnetic speaker according to the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of the motor of the moving magnetic speaker according to the present invention.

In the figure: 10, lower shell, 100, fixed part, 102, escape hole, 12, upper shell, 120, sound hole, 20, vibrating plate, 22, folding ring, 24, drive magnet, 26, motor magnet, 28 , gasket, 30, basin frame, 300, mounting part, 32, magnetically conductive parts, 34, voice coil, 36, armature, 38, magnet, 39, elastic support, 40, FPCB, 50 ~ 58, arrow, 60 ~ 68, arrow.

detailed description

The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

The orientations referred to in this specification refer to the orientation in which the sounding unit is located, and the azimuth refers to the orientation in which the vibrator is located. The inner side referred to in this specification refers to the side close to the center of the moving magnetic speaker, and the outer side refers to the side away from the center of the moving magnetic speaker. The X direction referred to in this specification refers to the horizontal direction, and the Z direction refers to the vertical direction. .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a moving magnetic speaker is a rectangular parallelepiped structure including a casing and a diaphragm and a vibrator housed in the casing, and the diaphragm is arranged in parallel with the vibrator. The casing includes an upper casing 12 and a lower casing 10 which are vertically joined together, the upper casing 12 is a box-like structure in which the lower end is open, and the lower casing 10 is a box-like structure in which the upper end is open, and the open end of the upper casing 12 is fastened under On the open end of the shell 10. The diaphragm is fixedly mounted on the upper casing 12, and the sound hole 120 is disposed in the middle of the upper casing 12. The vibrator is suspended in the space enclosed by the upper casing 12 and the lower casing 10 by two elastic supporting members 39, and two elastic supporting members. 39 is fixedly connected to the lower case 10.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the drive magnet 24 and the motor magnet 26 are fixed to the middle portion of the diaphragm near the side of the vibrator, and the magnetization directions of the drive magnet 24 and the motor magnet 26 are both vertical. In the embodiment, the diaphragm includes a folding ring 22 at the edge and a vibration plate 20 fixed in the middle of the folding ring 22. The driving magnet 24 and the motor magnet 26 are both fixed on the vibration plate 20, and the upper side of the edge portion of the folding ring 22 is fixed. There is a backing ring 28, and the backing ring 28 is fixed to the inner side of the top of the upper casing 12, thereby fixing the sounding unit to the upper casing 12. The vibrator includes a voice coil 34. The voice coil 34 has a flat structure and is horizontally fixed on a basin frame 30. The two elastic support members 39 are fixedly coupled to the two ends of the basin frame 30, and one end of the elastic support member 39 is fixedly connected to the basin frame 30. Bomb The other end of the sexual support member 39 is fixedly coupled to the lower casing 10 to suspend the vibrator in the space enclosed by the upper casing 12 and the lower casing 10. When the voice coil 34 is energized, an electromagnet is formed, and an interaction force is generated with the driving magnet to drive the diaphragm to vibrate, and the magnetic flux of the motor magnet 26 cuts the voice coil 34 to push the vibrator to vibrate in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the embodiment, it is preferable that the driving magnet 24 is provided with two pieces, the motor magnet 26 is located between the two driving magnets 24, and the voice coil 34 is also provided with two, respectively, and two driving magnets 24. Correspondingly, the magnetization directions of the two driving magnets 24 are opposite, and the energizing current directions of the two voice coils 34 are also opposite, as shown in FIG. The two driving magnets 24 respectively correspond to the centers of the two voice coils 34, and the motor magnets 26 simultaneously correspond to the side closer to the two voice coils 34.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the center position of the two voice coils 34 is further provided with an armature 36. The two armatures 36 are respectively disposed opposite to the two driving magnets 24. The two armatures 36 are respectively passed according to FIG. The direction of the current of the corresponding voice coil 34 changes its own magnetization direction, and the two armatures 36 respectively form two electromagnets with the corresponding voice coil 34. A magnetically permeable member 32 is disposed on each of the sides of the two voice coils 34, and the two magnetically permeable members 32 are identical in structure and disposed opposite each other. The structure of the magnetically permeable member 32 is adapted to the structure of the voice coil 34 on the side of the center line, that is, the magnetically permeable member 32 is adapted to the structure of the half voice coil 34, which covers only half of the side surface of the voice coil 34. And half of the upper surface, able to gather the magnetic field to the center to reduce leakage.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a further preferred vibrator of the present embodiment further includes a magnet 38 disposed between the two voice coils 34. The magnet 38 is also fixed to the basin frame 30, and the magnetization direction of the magnet 38 is also vertical. And the magnetization direction of the magnet 38 is opposite to the magnetization direction of the motor magnet 26, as shown in FIG. The size of the motor magnet 26 in the vibration direction of the vibrator is larger than the size of the magnet 38 in the vibration direction of the vibrator, and the magnet 38 corresponds to the center position of the motor magnet 26.

As shown in both Figures 1 and 2, the basin frame 30 includes a rectangular bottom portion, and the four corner portions of the bottom portion are each provided with a mounting portion 300 that is perpendicular to the bottom portion and extends upward. The two voice coils 34, the two armatures 36 and the magnets 38 are fixed to the bottom of the basin frame 30 to form a vibrator. The ends of the elastic support members 39 are fixed to the mounting portion 300.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the two elastic support members 39 have the same structure. The elastic support member 39 includes Two elastic arms, each of which is made of a flat-structured wire, and the width of the wire in the vertical direction is greater than the width in the lateral direction, and the two elastic arms are integrally connected at one end of the same side, and The angle between the two elastic arms is an angle. In the embodiment, the angle is an acute angle, and the ends of the two elastic arms are not fixedly connected to the mounting portion 300 and the lower casing 10 of the basin frame 30, respectively, and the basin frame The connection point between the 30 and the lower case 10 is located on the same side of the center line in the vibration direction of the vibrator. The two elastic supporting members 39 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the diagonal of the vibrator, that is, the two elastic supporting members 39 are respectively fixedly and fixedly coupled to the two mounting portions 300 on the same diagonal line of the bottom of the basin frame 30.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the bottom of the lower casing 10 protrudes from the two ends of the lower casing 10 with a fixing portion 100, and the lower ends of the lower casing sidewalls at the two ends are respectively provided with a horizontally extending escape hole 102. Two FPCBs (flexible printed circuit boards) 40 for electrically connecting the two voice coils 34 and the external circuit respectively pass through the two escape holes 102, and one end of the FPCB 40 electrically connected to the voice coil 34 is attached and fixed to the inner side of the side wall. On the bottom of the lower case, a portion of the FPCB 40 located outside the lower case 10 (an end electrically connected to the external circuit) is attached and fixed to the fixing portion 100.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the working principle of the moving magnetic speaker of the present invention is as follows:

Figure 3 shows the working principle of the speaker. The vibration direction of the sounding unit is vertical.

Representing the direction of current flow in voice coil 34, ⊙ indicates that the current direction is perpendicular to the paper surface,

Indicates that the current direction is perpendicular to the paper facing inward. The upper end of the drive magnet 24 on the left side is set to the S pole, the lower end is the N pole, and the drive magnet 24 on the right side has the N pole at the upper end and the S pole at the lower end. The current direction of the two voice coils 34 is as shown. According to the right hand rule, the voice coil 34 on the left side produces an upward magnetic field. As indicated by the arrow 52, the armature 36 is located at the center of the voice coil 34. The upper end is N pole, repels the drive magnet 24 on the left side, and the movement direction of the drive magnet 24 on the left side is upward, as indicated by arrow 56; at this time, the voice coil 34 on the right side generates a downward magnetic field. As indicated by the arrow 50, the upper end of the armature 36 at the center of the voice coil 34 is S pole, repels the drive magnet 24 on the right side, and the drive magnet 24 on the right side also moves upward, as indicated by the arrow 54. The diaphragm is thus moved upwards as indicated by arrow 58. When the current passing through the two voice coils 34 is reversed, the diaphragm will move downward to achieve vibration and sound.

Fig. 4 shows the working principle of the motor. The vibrating direction of the vibrator is horizontal. The upper end of the motor magnet 26 is set to the S pole and the lower end is the N pole. The upper end of the magnet 38 is the N pole and the lower end is the S pole. The magnetic field directions of the magnet 26 and the magnet 38 are respectively indicated by

arrows

62 and 60, and the magnet 38 divides the magnetic line of the motor magnet 26 to the sides, more through the two voice coils 34, as indicated by

arrows

64 and 66. According to the left-hand rule, the Lorentz force received by the voice coil 34 on the left side can be decomposed into two forces to the left and the upward direction, and the Lorentz force received by the voice coil 34 on the right side can be decomposed into directions. The two forces, left and down, where the two forces up and down cancel each other out, the entire vibrator will move to the left, as indicated by arrow 68. Even if the upward and downward forces are not equal and cannot be completely canceled, the vibrator will not be displaced in the vertical direction under the fixation of the elastic support member 39, and can only be displaced in the horizontal direction. When the current passing through the two voice coils 34 is reversed, the vibrator will move to the right, thereby achieving linear horizontal vibration.

Since the difference between the speaker and the vibration motor F0 (resonance frequency) is large, during the operation, the input current signal of the voice coil can be adjusted to control whether the product works in the speaker mode or the vibration motor mode, and even the speaker and the vibration motor work simultaneously. This combines the speaker with the vibration motor to greatly increase the space utilization of the portable electronics while maintaining the same performance.

The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

A moving magnetic speaker includes a housing, wherein the housing houses a diaphragm and a vibrator disposed in parallel with the diaphragm; the vibrator includes a voice coil; the diaphragm is adjacent to the vibrator a drive magnet is fixed on one side, and the voice coil is energized to form an electromagnet, and an interaction force is generated with the drive magnet to drive the diaphragm to vibrate;

a motor magnet is further fixed to a side of the diaphragm adjacent to the vibrator;

The voice coil is fixed on the basin frame, and the two ends of the basin frame are respectively fixed with elastic supporting members; the elastic supporting members have an elastic deformation space in a horizontal direction; the magnetic lines of the motor magnet cut the sound a loop that pushes the vibrator to vibrate in a horizontal direction.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 1, wherein the driving magnet is provided with two pieces, and the motor magnet is located between the two driving magnets; the voice coil is provided with two, respectively Two of the driving magnets are correspondingly disposed; the magnetization directions of the two driving magnets are opposite, and the energizing currents of the two of the voice coils are opposite.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 2, wherein the vibrator further comprises a magnet disposed between the two voice coils and disposed opposite to the motor magnet, the magnetization direction of the magnet being vertical And the magnetization direction of the magnet is opposite to the magnetization direction of the motor magnet.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 3, wherein the diaphragm comprises a folding ring at an edge and a vibration plate fixed at a middle portion of the folding ring, and the driving magnet and the motor magnet are both fixed at The vibrating plate.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 3, wherein each of the two sides of the voice coil that is away from each other is provided with a magnetically permeable member, and the two magnetically permeable members are identical in structure and disposed opposite to each other. The structure of the magnetic component is adapted to the structure of the voice coil.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 3, wherein two centers of the voice coils are respectively provided with an armature, and the two armatures are respectively disposed opposite to the two driving magnets, and the armature is passed according to The current direction of the voice coil changes its own magnetization direction; the armature and the voice coil together form the electromagnet.
A moving magnetic speaker according to claim 6, wherein said voice coil, said title Both the iron and the magnet are fixed to the basin frame to collectively constitute the vibrator.
A moving magnet speaker according to claim 7, wherein said housing comprises an upper case and a lower case joined together up and down; said diaphragm is fixed to said upper case, and said middle portion of said upper case An sound hole is provided; the vibrator is mounted on the lower case by the elastic support.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 8, wherein a bottom portion of the lower case protrudes from a fixed portion of each of the two ends of the lower case, and is used for electrically connecting the voice coil and an external circuit. A flexible printed circuit board is attached to the fixing portion at a portion outside the lower case.
The moving magnet speaker according to claim 8, wherein a spacer ring is fixed to an upper side of an edge portion of the diaphragm, and the spacer ring is fixed to an inner side of the top of the upper case.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 8, wherein the two elastic supporting members are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged with respect to a diagonal of the vibrator; and the elastic supporting member comprises two ends integrally connected a resilient arm, the elastic arm being made of a wire of a flat structure, and the width of the wire in the vertical direction is greater than the width thereof in the lateral direction; the ends of the two elastic arms that are not connected are respectively The basin frame and the lower case are fixedly connected, and the connection point between the basin frame and the lower case is located on the same side of the center line in the vibration direction of the vibrator.
The moving magnetic speaker according to claim 11, wherein the basin frame comprises a bottom portion of a rectangular plate shape, and the four corner portions of the bottom portion of the basin frame are each provided with a mounting perpendicular to the bottom of the basin frame. The end of the elastic arm is attached and fixed to the mounting portion.