WO2018097484A2

WO2018097484A2 - Combined/hybrid charging system

Info

Publication number: WO2018097484A2
Application number: PCT/KR2017/011626
Authority: WO
Inventors: 성백섭
Original assignee: 조선대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2016-11-24
Filing date: 2017-10-20
Publication date: 2018-05-31
Also published as: WO2018097484A3

Abstract

The present invention relates to a combined/hybrid charging system comprising: a power storage unit for storing power generated by a power generation unit; an electric vehicle charging unit which can supply power stored in the power storage unit to an electric vehicle; a hydrogen station in which hydrogen is stored; a hydrogen vehicle charging unit which can supply hydrogen stored in the hydrogen station to a hydrogen vehicle; and a central management unit for receiving information detected by a hydrogen storage amount detection sensor and information detected by a charging power detection sensor, so as to recognize and manage the charging statuses of the hydrogen station and the power storage unit. According to the combined/hybrid charging system, it is possible to efficiently control power distribution while supporting charging of both an electric vehicle and a hydrogen vehicle.

Description

Convergent Charging System

The present invention relates to a fusion charging system, and more particularly, to a fusion charging system capable of supporting both vehicle charging for hydrogen and electric power.

Electric vehicles use a battery formed of a pack of a plurality of secondary batteries capable of charging and discharging as a main power source, and thus have almost no exhaust gas and have a very small noise.

The electric vehicle is largely composed of an electric motor driven by electricity to drive the electric vehicle, and a battery supplying electricity to the electric motor. In other words, electric motors and batteries are replacing engines and fuel in ordinary cars.

The charging system for charging the battery of the electric vehicle has only a structure for supplying power as disclosed in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2013-0134290.

On the other hand, in recent years, a hydrogen car that is operated by receiving hydrogen has been developed, and a system capable of supporting charging for both a hydrogen car and an electric car is required.

In addition, hydrogen used as a fuel is a colorless, tasteless, and odorless explosive gas because it has a property of easily igniting even minute static electricity, so a system that can cope with safety in case of leakage of hydrogen is required.

The present invention was devised to solve the above requirements, and an object thereof is to provide a fusion charging system capable of stably supplying both hydrogen and power supply.

In order to achieve the above object, a fusion charging system according to the present invention includes a power generation unit for generating electric power from at least one of sunlight and biomass; A power storage unit storing power generated by the power generation unit; An electric vehicle charging unit configured to supply electric power stored in the power storage unit to the electric vehicle; A hydrogen station in which hydrogen is stored; A hydrogen car charging unit configured to supply hydrogen stored in the hydrogen station to a hydrogen car; A hydrogen storage detection sensor for detecting a hydrogen storage stored in the hydrogen station; A charging power detection sensor detecting a charging power amount of the power storage unit; And a central manager configured to receive the information detected by the hydrogen storage amount detection sensor and the information detected by the charging power detection sensor to identify and manage the charging state of the hydrogen station and the power storage unit.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the hydrogen station is controlled by the central management unit is provided with an electrolysis hydrogen generator for generating hydrogen by electrolysis to supply to the hydrogen storage container, the central management unit is the hydrogen When the amount of hydrogen stored in the storage container is less than the set reference value, the electrolytic hydrogen generator is controlled to operate.

In addition, the electrolytic hydrogen generator is preferably connected to be operated by receiving power from the power storage unit.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the hydrogen station is controlled by the central management unit and comprises a fuel reforming hydrogen generator for reforming the hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel to produce hydrogen to supply to the hydrogen storage container.

According to the fusion-charging system according to the present invention, while supporting the charging of the electric car and the hydrogen car, it is possible to efficiently control the power distribution and provides an advantage that the supply process can be stably performed.

1 is a view schematically showing a fusion filling system according to the present invention,

2 is a view showing a hydrogen sensor of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the fuel reforming portion of FIG. 1,

4 is a perspective view showing an extract of the fuel disperser of FIG.

5 is a plan view of the fuel spreader of FIG.

Figure 6 is a plan view showing a fuel disperser according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail with respect to the fusion charging system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a view schematically showing a fusion filling system according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the fusion and charging system 100 according to the present invention includes a power generation unit 110, a power storage unit 132, an electric vehicle charging unit 140, a hydrogen station 150, a hydrogen vehicle charging unit 167, and charging. The power detection sensor 132, the hydrogen storage amount detection sensor 157, and the central management unit 180 are provided.

The power generation unit 110 is a solar generator 112 and the biomass generator 114 is applied.

The photovoltaic generator 112 generates power from the sunlight by the arrayed solar cells (not shown) and supplies it to the power storage unit 132.

The biomass generator 114 supplies the generated power to the power storage unit 132 by rotating the turbine with biomass, for example, steam generated by burning pellets.

The power storage unit 130 stores the power generated by the power generation unit 110.

The power storage unit 130 can be charged by the power supplied from the commercial power supply 120 through the first switch element 122.

Reference numeral 125 is an AC-DC converter that converts AC power into DC power.

The charging power detection sensor 132 detects the amount of charging power of the power storage unit 132 and provides it to the central management unit 180.

The electric vehicle charging unit 140 supplies electric power stored in the power storage unit 130 to the electric vehicle.

The method of supplying electricity to the electric vehicle from the electric vehicle charging unit 140 may be applied to various charging methods such as a method of directly connecting the electric vehicle or a method of charging the electric vehicle indirectly by electromagnetic induction.

The hydrogen station 150 stores hydrogen and includes an electrolysis hydrogen generator 152, a buffer container 153, a compressor 154, a hydrogen storage container 151, and a fuel reforming hydrogen generator 160.

The electrolysis hydrogen generator 152 is controlled to be operated by the central management unit 180 and generates hydrogen by electrolysis to supply the hydrogen storage container 151 through the buffer container 153 and the compressor 154. .

Here, it is preferable that the buffer container 153 or the hydrogen storage container 151 is constructed to receive and fill hydrogen from a hydrogen tank car that is capable of moving hydrogen through a vehicle.

The fuel reforming hydrogen generator 160 is controlled to be operated by the central management unit 180 to generate hydrogen by reforming a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel and supply the hydrogen to the hydrogen storage vessel 151 through the buffer vessel 153. .

The fuel reformed hydrogen generator 160 includes a fuel storage tank 161, a fuel reformer 200, and a water gas converting unit 165.

The fuel storage tank 161 stores a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel.

Here, the hydrocarbon liquid fuel may be applied to ethanol, methanol, liquefied petroleum gas, gasoline.

The fuel reforming unit 200 generates hydrogen gas by reforming the liquid fuel supplied by the operation of the pump P162 in the fuel storage tank 161.

The detailed structure of the fuel reformer 200 will be described later.

The water gas converting unit 165 removes carbon monoxide present in a small amount in addition to hydrogen gas in the gas generated by the fuel reformer 200 with a catalyst, for example, palladium, and removes the hydrogen gas from which carbon monoxide has been removed. 153 is supplied to the hydrogen storage container (151).

Unlike the illustrated example, the water gas conversion unit 165 may be omitted, and in this case, the water gas conversion unit 165 may be configured to supply the gas generated by the fuel reformer 200 to the buffer container 153.

Hereinafter, the detailed structure of the fuel reforming unit 200 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

The fuel reformer 200 includes a reactor 210, a heater 220, a vaporization derivative 230, a fuel disperser 240, a mixture feeder 250, and a catalyst bed 260.

The reactor 210 is formed to have an internal reaction space 212.

The reactor 210 extends from the fuel storage tank 161 so that the supply pipe 161a to which the liquid fuel is supplied is connected to communicate with the internal reaction space 212.

The reactor 210 is divided into a header region 214, a main body 216, and a sub-cylindrical portion 218.

The header region 214 is formed such that the supply pipe 161a is connected to the internal reaction space 212, and is equipped with a heater 220 that heats to promote vaporization around the internal reaction space 212.

The header region 214 forms an upper inner reaction space in which the lower portion is open and becomes part of the inner reaction space 212.

The main body 216 is a portion which is coupled under the header region 214 to form a lower internal reaction space that is part of the internal reaction space so as to communicate with the upper internal reaction space.

The sub-cylindrical portion 218 forms a sub-circulation space to be closed between the outer side of the main body 216 outside the main body 216.

Reference numeral 218a is an inlet pipe through which the air or water vapor supplied from the mixture feeder 250 can be introduced into the sub circulation space of the sub-cylindrical portion 218, and reference numeral 218b denotes the sub circulation space and the internal reaction space 212. The main body 216 is a distribution hole formed to be spaced apart from each other along the circumferential direction to communicate the.

The vaporization derivative 230 is installed in the internal reaction space 212 of the reactor 210 to face the supply pipe 161a to vaporize the liquid fuel flowing through the supply pipe 161a.

The vaporized derivative 230 is formed of a porous medium.

The vaporization derivative 230 may be formed in a porous plate shape of a stainless steel material.

The vaporization derivative 230 is preferably used having a porosity of 35% to 65% and a particle size of 20㎛ to 300㎛. If the porosity is less than 35% or the particle size is less than 20㎛, the liquid fuel is difficult to pass through and subjected to a lot of pressure upon inflow may cause problems in durability. In addition, when the porosity is greater than 65% or the particle size is greater than 300㎛, the liquid fuel can pass through without vaporization, the high heat porosity may cause a problem of low heat transfer rate.

The fuel disperser 240 is installed between the vaporization conductor 230 and the supply pipe 161a to disperse the liquid fuel introduced through the supply pipe 161a and supply it to the vaporization derivative 230.

The fuel disperser 240 has a structure having a center dispersion guide portion 244, a ring portion 247, and a support rib 248.

The center dispersion guide portion 214 is divided into a cone portion 241, a reverse cone portion 242, and a center seating portion 243.

The cone portion 241 is spaced apart from the supply pipe 161a and is formed to gradually expand its outer diameter as it moves away from the supply pipe 161a.

This cone portion 241 serves to diffuse the liquid fuel discharged from the supply pipe 161a inclined with respect to the liquid fuel discharge direction.

On the surface of the cone portion 241, the first turning guide groove 241a and the second turning guide groove 241b are alternately formed along the circumferential direction so as to induce turbulence of the liquid fuel.

The first pivot guide groove 241a extends from the surface to the edge in the radial direction at the center of the circumferential portion 241 and is formed in an arc shape along the first pivot direction.

The second pivot guide groove 241b is formed in an arc shape so as to be drawn from the surface to extend from the center of the cone portion 241 to the edge along the radial direction so that the pivot direction is opposite to the first pivot direction 241a.

The first and second

swing guide grooves

241a and 241b may respectively form swirl flows in the liquid fuel flowing in different directions, thereby increasing the efficiency of forming turbulence due to mutual collisions.

In contrast, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the cone portion 241 is divided into two portions along the dotted line indicated by the English letter C, and the first region C1 and the second region C2 are formed in the first region C1. One turning guide groove 241a may be formed, and a second turning guide groove 241b may be formed in the second region C2.

The conical portion 241 may improve the dispersion efficiency and vaporization efficiency by causing the liquid fuel to swing and collide.

The reverse cone portion 242 is a portion formed to gradually decrease in outer diameter as it proceeds downward from the edge of the cone portion 241.

The central seating portion 243 is formed in a disc shape having a smaller outer diameter than the cone portion 241 at the lower end of the inverted cone portion 242 and is seated on the vaporization derivative 230.

The ring portion 247 is formed in a ring shape so as to be spaced apart from the central seating portion 243 concentrically about the center seating portion 243.

The ring portion 247 is formed to be sized to be seated along the edge of the vaporization conductor 220, but is formed to sufficiently secure the liquid fuel permeation region 246 between the central seating portion 243.

The support bar 248 extends from the position spaced apart along the inner circumferential surface of the ring portion 247 to the center seating portion 243 to interconnect the ring portion 247 and the center seating portion 243.

Three support arms 248 are applied.

Meanwhile, the mixture supplier 250 supplies at least one of air and water vapor to be mixed with the vaporized fuel through the vaporization derivative 230.

The mixture feeder 250 supplies at least one of air and water vapor into the internal reaction space 212 through an inlet pipe 218a formed at the side of the reactor 210 and a distribution hole 218b formed at the outer side of the main body 216. It is supposed to supply.

The catalyst bed 260 is installed below the main body 216.

The catalyst bed 260 generates a hydrogen mixed gas containing a large amount of hydrogen and a small amount of carbon monoxide by catalytic reaction with a mixture gas mixed with air or steam and vaporized fuel.

Catalyst bed 260 is filled with a catalyst for the reforming reaction.

The catalyst bed 260 is a pellet-type carrier made of alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), silica (SiO ₂ ) or titanium dioxide (TiO ₂ ), and includes copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and platinum (Pt). It may be formed in a structure supporting a catalyst material such as.

Alternatively, the catalyst bed 260 may be formed of a conventional honey comb type in which a catalyst material is supported on the inner surface of the cell of the ceramic carrier or the metal carrier having a plurality of parallel through holes, that is, the cell.

Although not shown, a heater for applying heat outside the catalyst bed 260 may be further provided.

Meanwhile, the hydrogen vehicle charging unit 167 is capable of supplying hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage container 151 of the hydrogen station 150 to the hydrogen vehicle.

The hydrogen car charging unit 167 is equipped with a hydrogen sensor 170 for detecting hydrogen leaking to the injection gun 168 for injecting hydrogen into the hydrogen car.

The hydrogen sensor 170 applies a method of detecting by light so as to prevent an explosion caused by the leaked hydrogen and a detailed structure will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

The hydrogen sensor 170 includes a light source 171, an optical circulator 172, a sensing optical fiber 173, a reaction layer 175, a photodetector 176, and a hydrogen concentration calculator 177.

The driving of the light source 171 is controlled by the hydrogen concentration calculator 177.

The optical circulator 172 transmits the light emitted from the light source 171 and input through the input terminal 172c through the first output terminal 172a, and is reversed from the sensing optical fiber 173 at the first output terminal 172a. The advancing light is output to the second output terminal 172b.

One end of the sensing optical fiber 173 is connected to the first output terminal 172a to guide the light.

The sensing optical fiber 173 has a core 173a, a cladding 173b surrounding the core, and a coating layer 173c coated on the outside of the clad, and a reaction layer 175 is formed at an end thereof.

The reaction layer 175 is bonded to the core 173a at the end of the sensing optical fiber 173 and is formed of palladium reacting with hydrogen.

The photodetector 176 detects the light output from the second output terminal 172b and outputs it to the hydrogen concentration calculator 177.

The hydrogen concentration calculator 177 controls the light source 171 and calculates the hydrogen concentration from the light detected by the photodetector 176.

In the hydrogen concentration calculator 177, the hydrogen concentration calculated in advance by the experiment is recorded as a lookup table in response to a change in the amount of light reflected from the reaction layer 175 according to the hydrogen concentration.

Therefore, the hydrogen concentration calculator 177 calculates the hydrogen concentration by referring to the lookup table for the hydrogen concentration corresponding to the signal in the photodetector 176.

The hydrogen concentration calculator 177 transmits the calculated hydrogen concentration to the central management unit 180.

The hydrogen storage amount detection sensor 157 detects the hydrogen storage amount stored in the hydrogen storage container 151 of the hydrogen station 150, and provides the detected hydrogen storage amount information to the central management unit 180.

The central management unit 180 receives the information detected by the hydrogen storage amount detection sensor 157 and the information detected by the charging power detection sensor 132, records the information in the storage device, and stores the hydrogen station 150 and the power storage unit 130. Understand and manage the state of charge.

The central management unit 180 controls the driving of the first switch element 122 to be charged by the commercial power supply 120 to the power storage unit 130 at a set late night time, which is relatively cheap.

In addition, the central management unit 180 controls the electrolysis hydrogen generator 152 to operate when the hydrogen storage amount stored in the hydrogen storage container 151 is less than the set reference value.

Alternatively, the central management unit 180 may be configured to control the fuel reforming hydrogen generator 160 to operate together with the electrolysis hydrogen generator 152 when the hydrogen storage amount stored in the hydrogen storage container 151 is less than a predetermined reference value.

Here, the electrolytic hydrogen generator 152 is configured to perform electrolysis by a DC power supply so as to be connected to the DC power supply from the power storage unit 130 so as to be operated as compared to the method using the commercial power supply 120. The process of converting to direct current is omitted, thereby increasing power use efficiency.

In addition, the central management unit 180 controls the hydrogen charging unit 167 to stop the hydrogen charging in the hydrogen vehicle charging unit 167 when it is determined that the hydrogen concentration detected from the hydrogen sensor 170 corresponds to the set leakage concentration. Hydrogen leakage information is output to the administrator through the output device.

According to such a fusion charging system, it is possible to efficiently control electric power distribution while supporting charging of an electric vehicle and a hydrogen vehicle, and provide an advantage of performing a stable supply process.

Claims

A power generation unit generating power from at least one of sunlight and biomass;

A power storage unit storing power generated by the power generation unit;

An electric vehicle charging unit configured to supply electric power stored in the power storage unit to the electric vehicle;

A hydrogen station in which hydrogen is stored;

A hydrogen car charging unit configured to supply hydrogen stored in the hydrogen station to a hydrogen car;

A hydrogen storage detection sensor for detecting a hydrogen storage stored in the hydrogen station;

A charging power detection sensor detecting a charging power amount of the power storage unit;

And a central management unit configured to receive the information detected by the hydrogen storage amount detection sensor and the information detected by the charging power detection sensor to identify and manage the charging state of the hydrogen station and the power storage unit. system.
According to claim 1, wherein the central management unit

Convergence charging system, characterized in that the charge is controlled by a commercial power supply to the power storage unit at a set night time.
The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen station

An electrolysis hydrogen generator which is controlled by the central management unit and generates hydrogen by electrolysis and supplies it to a hydrogen storage container;

And the central management unit controls the electrolysis hydrogen generator to operate when the hydrogen storage amount stored in the hydrogen storage container is less than a predetermined reference value.
4. The fusion charging system according to claim 3, wherein the electrolytic hydrogen generator is connected to be operated by receiving electric power from the power storage unit.
According to claim 3, wherein the injection gun for injecting hydrogen into the hydrogen difference between the hydrogen charging unit is equipped with a hydrogen sensor for detecting the leakage of hydrogen to the outside,

The hydrogen sensor

A light source;

An optical circulator for transmitting the light emitted from the light source through a first output terminal, and outputting the light traveling backward from the first output terminal to a second output terminal;

A sensing optical fiber having one end connected through the first output terminal to guide light;

A reaction layer formed of palladium at an end of the sensing optical fiber;

A photo detector for detecting light output from the second output terminal;

And a hydrogen concentration calculator that controls the light source and calculates a hydrogen concentration from the light detected by the photodetector.
The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrogen station

And a fuel reforming hydrogen generator configured to control operation by the central management unit and to generate hydrogen by reforming a hydrocarbon-based liquid fuel and supplying it to a hydrogen storage container.
7. The fuel reforming hydrogen generator of claim 6, wherein

A fuel storage tank in which the liquid fuel is stored;

And a fuel reformer for reforming the liquid fuel supplied from the fuel storage tank to generate hydrogen gas.

The fuel reformer

A reactor in which a supply pipe to which the liquid fuel is supplied is formed in communication with an internal reaction space;

A vaporization conductor made of a porous medium and installed in an internal reaction space of the reactor so as to vaporize the liquid fuel flowing through the supply pipe;

A fuel disperser disposed between the vaporization conductor and the supply pipe and dispersing the liquid fuel introduced through the supply pipe to supply the vaporization conductor;

And a mixture feeder for supplying at least one of air and water vapor through the vaporization inductor to be mixed with the vaporized fuel through an inlet hole formed in the side of the reactor.

The fuel disperser

The conical part is spaced apart from the supply pipe and the outer diameter gradually extends away from the supply pipe, and the reverse cone portion and the reverse cone portion extended downward so that the outer diameter gradually decreases from the edge of the cone. A center dispersion guide part having a central seating portion formed at a lower end of the conical portion and having a smaller outer diameter than the conical portion;

A ring portion formed in a ring shape to be seated along an edge of the vaporization derivative;

And a plurality of support bars extending from the positions spaced apart from each other along the inner circumferential surface of the ring portion to the center seating portion and interconnecting the ring portion and the center seating portion.
The method of claim 7, wherein

The cone portion is drawn along the radial direction from the center to extend to the edge, but the first pivot guide groove formed in an arc shape along the first pivot direction, and is drawn along the radial direction from the center of the cone to extend to the edge And a second turning guide groove formed in an arc shape such that the first turning direction and the turning direction are opposite to each other, and are alternately formed along the circumferential direction of the circumferential portion.
The method of claim 7, wherein

The cone portion is drawn in the radial direction from the center and extends to the edge, but is formed in an arc shape along the first turning direction, and is formed in the first region of the first region and the second region formed by dividing the cone portion. A first turning guide groove and a second turning guide groove formed in the second region in an arc shape such that the first turning direction and the turning direction extend from the center of the cone portion to the edge, and are reversed. Fusion charging system characterized in that it comprises a.