WO2018070455A1

WO2018070455A1 - Drunk driving prevention system

Info

Publication number: WO2018070455A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/036911
Authority: WO
Inventors: 健司鳴海; 竹内　修一; 竜也古池
Original assignee: 株式会社東海理化電機製作所
Priority date: 2016-10-13
Filing date: 2017-10-12
Publication date: 2018-04-19
Also published as: JP2018062267A

Abstract

A drunk driving prevention system (1) comprises: an alcohol detector (10) that detects the alcohol concentration in breath blown thereinto; a biological information detection sensor (20) that detects biological information proceeding from the respiration of a person seated in a driver seat (S); and a control device (40) that regulates the departure of a vehicle on the basis of the alcohol concentration and the biological information. When the timing at which the breath is inputted to the alcohol detector (10) and the timing at which the biological information is inputted to the biological information sensor (20) do not match, the control device (40) determines that another person is standing in for a driver (D).

Description

Drunk driving prevention system

The present invention relates to a drunk driving prevention system.

In recent years, in order to prevent drunk driving, a drunk driving prevention system mounted on a vehicle is known (see Patent Document 1).
The drunk driving prevention system described in Patent Document 1 detects the alcohol concentration in the expiration of a driver seated in the driver's seat by an alcohol detector provided on a steering wheel or the like, and starts the vehicle based on the alcohol concentration. regulate. Specifically, the drunk driving prevention system permits the vehicle to start when the alcohol concentration detected through the alcohol detector is less than a preset reference value, while the alcohol concentration is greater than or equal to the preset reference value. In some cases, the start of the vehicle is restricted.

JP 2009-201700 A

By the way, in the drunk driving prevention system, there is a possibility that the start of the vehicle is permitted when another person blows on the alcohol detector on behalf of the drunk driver. At this time, even if the driver is a drunk driver, the vehicle can be driven. Therefore, in the drunk driving prevention system of Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the driver from impersonating another person, face information obtained by photographing the driver's face with a camera, and a driver's registered in advance. The face information is collated, and when both do not match, it is detected that it is a substitute. However, even in this case, the vehicle may be permitted to start by artificially showing the camera that the driver is blowing.

An object of the present invention is to provide a drunk driving prevention system that can further detect a driver's impersonation by another person.

One aspect of the drunk driving prevention system includes an alcohol detector that detects an alcohol concentration in an exhaled breath, a biological information detection sensor that detects biological information resulting from breathing of a person seated in a driver's seat, and the alcohol detector And a control device that determines whether or not to restrict the start of the vehicle based on the alcohol concentration detected through the biological information and the biological information detected through the biological information detection sensor. When the timing at which expiration is input to the alcohol detector coincides with the timing at which biological information is input to the biological information detection sensor, the control device provides the driver of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector. The operation of a person who blows into the alcohol detector when the timing at which exhalation is input to the alcohol detector and the timing at which biometric information is input to the biometric information detection sensor do not match without detecting impersonation Detect impersonation.

According to this configuration, when the timing at which exhalation is input to the alcohol detector coincides with the timing at which the biometric information is input to the biometric information sensor, the alcohol detector and the biometric information sensor are received from the person seated in the driver's seat. Since it is thought that the data could be acquired, impersonation of the driver who breathes into the alcohol detector is not detected. On the other hand, when the timing when the breath is input to the alcohol detector and the timing when the biological information is input to the biological information sensor do not match, the biological information is obtained by the person who breathed into the alcohol detector and the biological information sensor. Since the person to be detected is considered to be different, the impersonation of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector is detected.

In the drunk driving prevention system, when the impersonation of the person who blows into the alcohol detector is not detected, the control device has an alcohol concentration in the breath included in the alcohol detector equal to or higher than a specified value. When starting the vehicle, it is preferable to allow the vehicle to start when the alcohol concentration in the breath contained in the alcohol detector is smaller than a specified value.

According to this configuration, when the impersonation of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector is not detected, the person who breathes into the alcohol detector is considered to be the driver. Measure alcohol concentration in exhaled breath. The start of the vehicle can be regulated or permitted based on whether the alcohol concentration is equal to or higher than a specified value.

In the drunk driving prevention system, the control device is configured so that the timing at which exhalation is input to the alcohol detector coincides with the timing to breathe detected by the biological information detection sensor. When the breathing discharge amount obtained from the above is a discharge amount threshold value or more, the start of the vehicle is regulated or permitted by determining whether or not the alcohol concentration in the exhaled breath blown into the alcohol detector is a specified value or more, When the breathing discharge amount obtained from the biological information detection sensor is smaller than the discharge amount threshold, the start of the vehicle is regulated without determining whether or not the alcohol concentration in the breath blown into the alcohol detector is equal to or higher than a specified value. It is preferable to do.

According to this configuration, when the amount of respiration obtained from the respiration sensor is small, sufficient exhalation is not blown into the alcohol detector. However, if the breathing amount obtained from the breathing sensor is smaller than the discharge amount threshold value, the detection accuracy may be reduced or misjudgmented because the start of the vehicle is regulated without making a determination based on the alcohol concentration. Occurrence is suppressed.

In the drunk driving prevention system, the biological information detection sensor is preferably a respiration sensor that detects timing of breathing by a person seated in the driver's seat.
According to this configuration, if the detection target of the breath sensor and the detection target of the alcohol detector are the same, the breathing time of the breath detector is input to the alcohol detector and the person seated in the driver seat detected by the breath sensor breathes. It coincides with the timing. If these timings match, it can be determined that the person who breathed into the alcohol detector is the driver, and if they do not match, the impersonation of the person who breathed into the alcohol detector is detected. .

In the drunk driving prevention system, it is preferable that the alcohol detector is provided with a water vapor sensor that detects a timing at which the exhalation is input based on the water vapor contained in the exhalation.

According to this configuration, it is possible to detect the timing at which exhalation is input based on the water vapor contained in the exhaled breath that is blown into the alcohol detector.
In the drunk driving prevention system, the biological information detection sensor is preferably provided on a backrest of the driver seat.

According to this configuration, when a person sitting in the driver's seat blows into the alcohol detector, the biological information detection sensor detects the biological information of the person. Thereby, the impersonation to a driver | operator can be suppressed suitably, detecting the impersonation to the driver | operator of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector by a natural method. In this case, the biological information detection sensor may be provided on the rear surface of the backrest to detect breathing of a person seated in the driver's seat in a non-contact state, or provided in front of the backrest and seated in the driver's seat. It is also possible to detect the respiration of the person who has performed in contact.

According to the drunk driving prevention system of the present invention, the driver's impersonation by another person can be further detected.

Schematic which shows schematic structure of a drunk driving prevention system. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of a drunk driving prevention system. The graph which shows the timing of the expiration | expired_air detected by a water vapor | steam sensor, and the respiration detected by a respiration sensor when a driver | operator is sitting in the driver's seat. The graph which shows the timing of an electrocardiogram waveform and respiration when a driver | operator is sitting in the driver's seat.

An embodiment of the drunk driving prevention system will be described below with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the drunk driving prevention system 1 includes an alcohol detector 10 that detects the alcohol concentration in the breath that is inhaled, and biological information detection that detects the biological information (breathing) of a person seated in the driver's seat S. A breathing sensor 20 as a sensor, a water vapor sensor 30 for detecting the breath of a person sitting in the driver's seat S (usually the driver D), and a control device 40 are provided.

The alcohol detector 10 is attached to a housing 51 that houses a steering shaft connected to the steering wheel 50, for example. Even when the steering wheel 50 is rotated by the driver D, the alcohol detector 10 is attached at a position where it does not rotate integrally. Inside the alcohol detector 10, an alcohol sensor 11 is provided for detecting the alcohol concentration Ca in the exhaled breath.

The respiration sensor 20 is a sensor that detects respiration by radio waves, for example. The respiration sensor 20 is provided on the seat back (backrest) of the driver's seat S. In this example, the respiration sensor 20 is provided in a portion opposite to the front side where the driver D sits on the backrest of the driver's seat S. The respiration sensor 20 detects the respiration rate B of the driver D by outputting a radio wave toward the driver D sitting on the driver's seat S and detecting a reflected wave reflected by the driver D. . The respiration sensor 20 detects a reflected wave from the driver D that changes with a change in the positional relationship between the respiration sensor 20 and the driver D along with the respiration of the driver D. Can be detected. The control device 40 takes in the respiration rate B detected by the respiration sensor 20 at a predetermined sampling period. Thereby, the control apparatus 40 acquires the time series data of the respiration volume B of the driver D.

The water vapor sensor 30 is provided in the vicinity of the alcohol sensor 11 inside the alcohol detector 10. At the same time as breath is blown into the alcohol detector 10, the breath is blown into the water vapor sensor 30. The water vapor sensor 30 detects the amount of exhalation E of the driver based on the water vapor contained in the exhalation of the driver D.

The vehicle is provided with a trigger switch 60. The drunk driving prevention system 1 operates in response to a start trigger ST generated by the trigger switch 60.
The control device 40 takes in the alcohol concentration Ca detected by the alcohol sensor 11. Moreover, the control apparatus 40 takes in the expiration | expired_air amount E detected by the water vapor | steam sensor 30 with a predetermined sampling period. Thereby, the control apparatus 40 acquires the time series data of the expiratory volume E of the driver D. The control device 40 controls the engine start by the engine control device 70 based on the information obtained from the alcohol sensor 11 and the water vapor sensor 30 of the alcohol detector 10 and the breath sensor 20. The control device 40 stores a legally prescribed value for the alcohol concentration Ca. When the alcohol concentration Ca obtained from the alcohol sensor 11 is equal to or higher than the legally prescribed value C0 for drunk driving, the control device 40 outputs a signal indicating that the engine start is not permitted to the engine control device 70. On the other hand, when the alcohol concentration Ca is smaller than the legally prescribed value C0 for drunk driving, the control device 40 outputs a signal to the engine control device 70 to permit engine start.

Further, the control device 40 performs the following determination before executing the determination process for determining whether or not to permit engine start based on the alcohol concentration Ca. That is, the control device 40 determines the person sitting in the driver's seat S based on the time series data of the respiration rate B obtained from the respiration sensor 20 and the time series data of the exhalation amount E obtained from the water vapor sensor 30. It is determined whether or not the timing of breathing matches the timing of expiration. When the breathing timing and the expiration timing coincide with each other, the control device 40 executes a process for determining whether or not to allow the engine to start based on the alcohol concentration Ca, and the breathing timing and the expiration timing coincide with each other. When not, it is determined that the other person is impersonating the driver D. When it is determined that the other person is impersonating the driver D, the control device 40 outputs a signal indicating that the engine start is not permitted to the engine control device 70.

Next, the relationship between the breathing timing and the expiration timing will be described in detail.
As shown in FIG. 2, with the generation of the start trigger ST, measurement of time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the expired gas volume E by the respiratory sensor 20 and the water vapor sensor 30 is started. The driver D normally repeats breathing at regular intervals, so that inhaling and exhaling (exhaling) are repeated. Therefore, the values of the respiratory volume B and the expired air volume E detected through the respiratory sensor 20 and the water vapor sensor 30 increase or decrease as the driver D breathes. Note that the timing when the expiratory amount E increases is the timing when the driver D exhales, and the timing when the exhaled amount B decreases is the timing when the driver D exhales. When the driver D is seated in the driver's seat S, the time-series data of the respiration rate B obtained from the respiration sensor 20 is considered to almost coincide with the time-series data of the exhalation amount E obtained from the water vapor sensor 30 symmetrically. It is done. That is, when the driver D is seated in the driver's seat S, the breath of the detection target person (usually the person seated in the driver's seat S) estimated based on the time series data of the respiratory volume B and the expiration It is considered that the respiration of the detection target person estimated based on the time series data of the quantity E matches. For example, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2, when the driver D is seated in the driver's seat S, the timing at which the respiratory volume B decreases and the timing at which the expiratory volume E increases are the same.

In addition, even if the measurement object of the respiration sensor 20 and the water vapor sensor 30 is the same, various factors such as a difference in measurement timing between the respiration sensor 20 and the water vapor sensor 30, a difference in detection speed, and a distance from the measurement object. As a result, the time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the time-series data of the expiratory volume E may shift. In a state where the time series data of the respiratory volume B and the time series data of the expiratory volume E are uniformly shifted in the time direction, the timing at which the respiratory volume B decreases may coincide with the timing at which the expiratory volume E increases. . For this reason, even if the time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the time-series data of the expiratory volume E are shifted in the time direction, the time-series data of the respiratory volume B can be matched by moving in parallel in the time direction. In practice, it may be considered that the time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the time-series data of the expiratory volume E coincide with each other. It is considered that the driver D is seated in the driver's seat S when the time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the time-series data of the expiratory volume E match.

By the way, when the respiration volume B at the time of inhalation is small, it is not possible to sufficiently ensure the expiration of the detection target person, and therefore it is possible to accurately determine whether or not to start the engine using the alcohol concentration Ca. Can not. Therefore, when the respiration rate B detected as the respiration rate is equal to or greater than the discharge rate threshold value B0, the control device 40 determines whether or not to start the engine based on the alcohol concentration Ca, and the respiration rate When B is smaller than the discharge amount threshold B0, the engine start is not permitted without making a determination based on the alcohol concentration Ca. Further, when the respiration rate B is equal to or greater than the discharge amount threshold value B0, the control device 40 assumes that the driver D intends to determine whether or not to allow the engine to start based on the alcohol concentration Ca. Determination based on Ca is performed.

Next, the procedure for determining whether or not to allow the engine to be started performed by the control device 40 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This determination process is started when the trigger switch 60 of the vehicle is turned on.

As shown in FIG. 3, first, the control device 40 takes in time-series data of the respiration volume B and the expiratory volume E through the respiration sensor 20 and the water vapor sensor 30 (step S1).
Next, the control device 40 determines whether or not the breathing timing and the breathing timing coincide with each other based on the time series data of the breathing amount B and the expiratory amount E (step S2). For example, as indicated by a broken line in FIG. 2, the breathing timing and the expiration timing coincide with each other based on whether or not the timing when the respiratory volume B decreases and the timing when the expiration volume E increases. It is determined whether or not.

Next, when the breathing timing does not coincide with the expiration timing (step S2 is NO), the control device 40 does not allow the engine to start (step S3). This is because it is assumed that the other person impersonates the driver D when the breathing timing does not match the expiration timing.

Further, when the breathing timing and the expiration timing coincide (YES in step S2), the control device 40 determines whether or not the breathing amount B detected as the breathing discharge amount is equal to or greater than the discharge amount threshold B0. (Step S4). This is because if the respiration volume B detected by the respiration sensor 20 is not sufficiently ensured, the detection accuracy is reduced and erroneous determination is caused because the exhalation blown into the alcohol detector 10 cannot be sufficiently ensured.

Next, when the respiration rate B is smaller than the discharge amount threshold B0 (NO in step S4), the control device 40 does not allow the engine to start (step S3). This is because it is not known whether the determination based on the alcohol concentration Ca can be accurately performed.

Further, when the respiration rate B is equal to or greater than the discharge rate threshold value B0 (YES in step S4), the control device 40 determines whether or not the alcohol concentration Ca is equal to or greater than the specified value C0 (step S5).
When the alcohol concentration Ca is equal to or higher than the specified value C0 (YES in step S5), the control device 40 does not allow the engine to start (step S3). Although it is considered that there is no substitute for the driver D by another person, the alcohol concentration Ca in the breath of the driver D seated in the driver's seat S is equal to or higher than the specified value C0, so that it is considered that it becomes a drunk driving. .

When the alcohol concentration Ca is smaller than the specified value C0 (NO in step S5), the control device 40 permits the engine to start (step S6). This is because it is considered that there is no substitute for the driver D by another person, and since the alcohol concentration Ca of the breath of the driver D sitting in the driver's seat S is also smaller than the specified value C0, it is considered that the drunk driving is not performed.

According to the configuration of the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Based on the time-series data of the respiratory volume B detected from the respiratory sensor 20 and the time-series data of the expiration volume E detected from the water vapor sensor 30, the control device 40 substitutes for the driver D by another person. Can be suppressed. For example, when another person impersonates the driver D, it is assumed that the driver D sits on the driver's seat S, but the other person blows on the alcohol detector 10. However, in this case, since the breathing timing of the driver D seated in the driver's seat S is different from the breathing timing of the other person, the control device 40 substitutes the other person for the driver D. It can be detected.

Also, it is assumed that in the situation where no one is seated in the driver's seat S, another person blows exhalation on the alcohol detector 10. However, in this case, since no one is seated in the driver's seat S, the time series data of the exhalation volume E by the water vapor sensor 30 is obtained even though there is no time series data of the breath quantity B by the respiration sensor 20. It reflects the timing of exhalation of others. For this reason, since the time-series data of the respiratory volume B and the time-series data of the expiratory volume E do not match, the control device 40 can detect impersonation of the other person's driver D.

On the other hand, if the driver D is seated in the driver's seat S, the person to be detected by the respiration sensor 20 and the person to be detected by the water vapor sensor 30 are the same. The series data coincides with the time series data of the expiratory volume E. For this reason, the control apparatus 40 can detect the impersonation of the other person's driver | operator D by determining whether the timing of breathing and the timing of expiration match.

(2) By judging whether the timing of breathing and the timing of expiration coincide with each other, it seems that no other person's impersonation of the driver D is detected. It is possible to naturally detect the impersonation of the driver D. For this reason, by impersonating the driver D as a driver, it is possible to prevent the determination as to whether or not to permit engine start based on the alcohol concentration Ca from being illegally avoided. For example, as a comparative example, when detecting the impersonation of the driver D by another person using a camera, there is a possibility that a method of improperly realizing the impersonation of the driver D by another person may be recalled by the operation of the camera. In this regard, in this embodiment, since it seems that no configuration for detecting impersonation of another person's driver D is provided, it is difficult to avoid detection of impersonation of another person's driver D. Become. In addition, since impersonation can be naturally detected, it is difficult to come up with a method for avoiding illegally.

In addition, you may change this embodiment as follows. The following other embodiments can be combined with each other within a technically consistent range.
The trigger switch 60 may be, for example, an ignition switch.

The respiration sensor 20 is not limited to a sensor that detects respiration by radio waves, but may be a sensor 21 that detects respiration based on a change in pressure acting on the driver's seat S due to respiration of the driver D (see FIG. 1). ). For example, a piezoelectric element or the like is used as the sensor 21, and the sensor is preferably provided in the vicinity of the seating surface (front surface) of the back of the driver's seat S.

The control device 40 detects the impersonation of the other person on the driver D based on the time-series data of the respiration rate B obtained by the respiration sensor 20 and the time-series data of the expiratory amount E obtained by the water vapor sensor 30. However, it is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the respiration sensor 20 may detect the electrocardiographic waveform of the driver D instead of the respiration rate B. In this case, an electrocardiogram waveform can be used as biological information resulting from respiration instead of the respiration rate B (respiration rate). There is a fixed relationship between the electrocardiogram waveform of the driver D and the respiration rate B, such that the heart rate increases at the timing of inhaling and the heart rate decreases at the timing of exhaling. The control device 40 detects the impersonation of the other person on the driver D based on whether or not the discharge timings of the time series data of the electrocardiogram waveform and the time series data of the expiration volume E coincide with each other in a certain relationship. To do. In other words, the respiration sensor 20 may be any sensor as long as it can detect biological information resulting from the respiration of the driver D.

-The method of restricting the start of the vehicle is not limited to restricting the start of the engine, but the engine operation output may be suppressed to a specified value or less, or a clutch or the like is provided between the engine and the drive wheel to provide an engine. May be prevented from being transmitted to the drive wheels.

In FIG. 3, it is determined in step S4 whether or not the respiration rate B (respiration rate) is equal to or greater than the discharge rate threshold B0, but this determination process (S4) may be omitted.
In the alcohol detector 10, the alcohol sensor 11 and the water vapor sensor 30 are provided in the vicinity of each other, but may be provided at positions separated from each other. That is, any position that can detect the breathing of the person seated in the driver's seat S may be used.

The alcohol detector 10 may be provided with only the alcohol sensor 11 without providing the water vapor sensor 30. In this case, the expiration of the driver D may be detected based on the alcohol concentration contained in the expiration of the driver D.

The control device 40 may determine whether or not the alcohol concentration Ca is equal to or greater than the specified value C0 when the breathing timing and the expiration timing are repeated a plurality of times. You may determine whether alcohol concentration Ca is more than a regulation value when it corresponds.

Claims

An alcohol detector that detects the alcohol concentration in the exhaled breath;
A biological information detection sensor for detecting biological information resulting from breathing of a person seated in the driver's seat;
A control device for determining whether to restrict the start of the vehicle based on the alcohol concentration detected through the alcohol detector and the biological information detected through the biological information detection sensor;
The control device includes:
When the timing at which exhaled breath is input to the alcohol detector coincides with the timing at which biometric information is input to the biometric information detection sensor, detect the impersonation of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector to the driver. Without
When the timing at which exhalation is input to the alcohol detector and the timing at which biometric information is input to the biological information detection sensor do not coincide with each other, the impersonation of the person who breathes into the alcohol detector is detected. , Drunk driving prevention system.
The control device includes:
If impersonation to the driver of the person breathing into the alcohol detector is not detected,
When the alcohol concentration in the exhaled breath contained in the alcohol detector is equal to or higher than a specified value, the start of the vehicle is restricted,
2. The drunk driving prevention system according to claim 1, wherein when the alcohol concentration in exhaled breath contained in the alcohol detector is smaller than a specified value, the start of the vehicle is permitted.
The control device includes:
In the case where the timing at which expiration is input to the alcohol detector matches the timing to breathe detected by the biological information detection sensor,
When the breathing discharge amount obtained from the biological information detection sensor is equal to or greater than a discharge amount threshold, the start of the vehicle is regulated by determining whether or not the alcohol concentration in the exhaled breath that is blown into the alcohol detector is greater than or equal to a specified value. Or allow and
When the breathing discharge amount obtained from the biological information detection sensor is smaller than a discharge amount threshold value, the vehicle is started without determining whether or not the alcohol concentration in the breath blown into the alcohol detector is equal to or higher than a specified value. The drunk driving prevention system according to claim 2 which regulates.
The drunk driving prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biological information detection sensor is a respiration sensor that detects a breathing timing of a person seated in the driver's seat.
The drunk driving prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the alcohol detector is provided with a water vapor sensor that detects a timing at which the exhalation is input based on the water vapor contained in the exhalation.
The drunk driving prevention system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the biological information detection sensor is provided on a backrest of the driver's seat.