WO2017217429A1 - 黒色フィルム - Google Patents
黒色フィルム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017217429A1 WO2017217429A1 PCT/JP2017/021868 JP2017021868W WO2017217429A1 WO 2017217429 A1 WO2017217429 A1 WO 2017217429A1 JP 2017021868 W JP2017021868 W JP 2017021868W WO 2017217429 A1 WO2017217429 A1 WO 2017217429A1
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- Prior art keywords
- black
- resin
- mass
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- film
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a black film.
- the present invention relates to a black film that has excellent jetness and does not cause a color tone difference in the same decorative molded body even after three-dimensional molding.
- the present invention also relates to a manufacturing method thereof.
- Examples of the method for forming the decorative film include insert molding and vacuum forming in addition to the above-described integral molding by the press molding machine.
- the first layer is a composite film in which a decorative layer is created on the back side of the acrylic film by a printing method such as gravure printing, and a photocurable and electron beam curable protective layer is formed on the surface of the acrylic film.
- the second layer is an ABS resin film or the like as a backup layer, dry laminated through an adhesive to produce a decorative film, and then the decorative film is inserted into a predetermined mold and vacuum molded to remove unnecessary portions. After trimming, a method is known in which a decorative molded body is prepared by performing backup molding of ABS resin or the like by injection molding after loading into an injection mold (Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- a base material layer is formed using an acrylic resin
- a decorative layer is created by a printing method such as gravure printing
- a photocurable and electron beam curable protective layer is formed on the surface of the acrylic film.
- an ABS resin layer and an adhesive resin layer are formed on the second layer and the third layer, respectively, to produce a decorative film, and then the decorative film is attached to an adherend.
- a method of pasting by vacuum forming a certain molded body As vacuum forming, a TOM (Three dimension Overlay Method) method is known.
- the TOM method is, for example, a method in which the interior of the device where the decorative film fixed to the fixed frame is divided is sucked with air using a vacuum pump or the like in both spaces, and the interior of the device is evacuated, and at the same time, the decorative film is softened.
- the three-dimensional shape of the molded object, which is the adherend in a vacuum atmosphere by sending the atmosphere to only one side of the internal space of the device at the timing when it is softened It is the method of sticking a decoration film closely (patent document 3).
- Patent Documents 4 and 5 pigments (carbon black) are frequently used for coloring.
- a pigment when a pigment is used, it becomes a whitish hue due to light reflection on the surface of the pigment particle, and a film excellent in jetness with depth and clarity cannot be obtained.
- a colorant such as a pigment typified by carbon black is used at a high concentration, it may be visually recognized on the surface of the decorative molded body as a defect when decorated on the molded body. There is a problem that the performance is significantly impaired.
- black decorative films using dyes are also known.
- an injection molding sheet having two layers of an inner layer and an outer layer, both the inner layer and the outer layer containing a black colorant, and using both a dye and a pigment as a black colorant is known. (Patent Document 6).
- the decorative molded body obtained by the above-described insert molding method and vacuum molding method is likely to cause a color difference in the same decorative molded body, and it is difficult to express the jetness with depth and clarity. There was a problem that there was.
- this invention comprises the following aspects.
- a black film comprising a thermoplastic resin (A) containing two or more dyes other than black, the thickness T being 45 to 550 ⁇ m, and the total concentration C of the dyes other than black being a thermoplastic resin L * a * b * color specification which is 0.4 to 5% by mass with respect to (A), the total concentration C and thickness T of the dye satisfy the following (formula 1), and conform to JIS Z 8781-4 In system measurement, L * (lightness) is 10 or less, a * absolute value is 2.0 or less, b * absolute value is 2.0 or less, and 2 in a uniaxial direction at a temperature 20 ° C. higher than the glass transition temperature. A black film having a total light transmittance of 3.0% or less after being stretched twice.
- the methacrylic resin contains an acrylic copolymer (A2) having a structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and the acrylic acid alkyl ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms includes The black film according to [3], wherein the content of the derived structural unit is 2.5 to 25.0% by mass with respect to the methacrylic resin.
- the black film of the present invention does not cause the black film to be transparent even after being stretch-molded, and has excellent jetness with depth and clarity.
- the black film of the present invention comprises a thermoplastic resin (A) containing two or more dyes other than black, has a thickness T of 45 to 550 ⁇ m, and a total concentration C of dyes other than black is a thermoplastic resin (A )
- a thermoplastic resin (A ) In the L * a * b * color system measurement according to JIS Z 8781-4, which satisfies the following (Formula 1): ) Is 10 or less, the absolute value of a * is 2.0 or less, the absolute value of b * is 2.0 or less, and all rays after being stretched twice in the uniaxial direction at a temperature 20 ° C. higher than the glass transition temperature. It is a black film having a transmittance of 3.0% or less.
- C ⁇ T ⁇ 210 (Formula 1)
- the black film of this invention consists of a thermoplastic resin (A).
- thermoplastic resin (A) examples include methacrylic resin, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin and the like. From the viewpoint of excellent weather resistance and surface hardness, a methacrylic resin is preferred. From the viewpoint of excellent impact resistance, a polycarbonate resin, a styrene resin, or a mixture thereof is preferable.
- a methacrylic resin is a polymer containing a structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate.
- the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, still more preferably 80% by mass or more, still more preferably 90% by mass or more, and most preferably 95%. It is at least mass%.
- the solvent-soluble portion of the methacrylic resin preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 50,000 to 200,000, which is determined by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) in terms of polystyrene equivalent molecular weight. It is excellent in the extrusion moldability at the time of forming a black film as it is this range.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Tosoh's GPC device “HLC-8320” is used as the device, and Tosoh's “TSKguardcolumn SuperHZ-H”, “TSKgel HZM-M” and “TSKgel SuperHZ4000” are connected in series as separation columns. Measured using tetrahydrofuran as an eluent, an eluent flow rate of 0.35 mL / min, a column temperature of 40 ° C., and calculated from detection data of differential refractive index (RI).
- RI differential refractive index
- the methacrylic resin may be a methacrylic polymer (A1) alone in which the content of structural units derived from an alkyl acrylate ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is less than 5% by mass, or a methacrylic polymer (A1) And an acrylic copolymer (A2) in which the content of structural units derived from alkyl acrylates having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is more than 5% by mass.
- the content of the structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate in the methacrylic polymer (A1) is preferably 90% by mass or more.
- the methacrylic polymer (A1) may contain a structural unit derived from a (meth) acrylic ester other than methyl methacrylate or other structural units.
- the methacrylic polymer (A1) may contain a structural unit derived from a monomer other than methyl methacrylate.
- monomers include acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate; methacrylic esters other than methyl methacrylate; unsaturated carboxylic acids; olefins; conjugated dienes;
- the stereoregularity of the (meth) acrylic polymer is usually atactic, but one having stereoregularity such as syndiotactic may be used.
- the acrylic copolymer (A2) contains more than 5 mass%, preferably 10 mass% or more, more preferably 20 mass% or more of a structural unit derived from an alkyl ester of 6 to 12 carbon atoms. To do.
- the content of the structural unit in the acrylic copolymer (A2) is preferably 90% by mass or less, and more preferably 80% by mass or less.
- the acrylic copolymer (A2) may contain structural units derived from (meth) acrylic acid esters other than alkyl alkyl esters having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and other structural units. In the acrylic copolymer (A2), the content of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate is preferably less than 90% by mass.
- the methacrylic polymer (A1) and the acrylic copolymer (A2) are in a mass ratio [(A1) / (A2)] of 99/1 to 1/99. It is preferably used in the range, more preferably in the range of 98/2 to 50/50.
- methacrylic resin those containing 50 to 85% by mass of the methacrylic polymer (A1) and 10 to 45% by mass of the acrylic copolymer (A2) are preferable.
- the content of structural units derived from alkyl acrylates having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferably 2.5 to 25% by mass. If it is this range, there exists a tendency for the toughness and impact resistance of a black film to be excellent.
- acrylic copolymer (A2) examples include multilayer rubber particles and block copolymers made of a graft copolymer. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the multilayer rubber particles that can be used as the acrylic copolymer (A2) have a cross-linked polymer layer containing a structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the multilayer rubber particles (Y) having a thickness of 05 to 0.3 ⁇ m are preferable. Examples of such multilayer structure rubber particles include multilayer structure polymer particles disclosed in JP-A No. 2004-352837.
- the multilayer structure rubber particles (Y) are particles having a core-shell structure including the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2), and the layer (y-3).
- the layer (y-1) of the multilayer structured rubber particle is composed of a structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate (sometimes referred to as MMA unit) and a structural unit derived from a crosslinkable monomer (crosslinkable monomer unit).
- MMA unit methyl methacrylate
- crosslinkable monomer unit a structural unit derived from a crosslinkable monomer (crosslinkable monomer unit).
- a structural unit derived from methyl methacrylate and other monomers copolymerizable with the crosslinkable monomer (denoted as a monomer (y-1) unit). In some cases).
- the amount of MMA units contained in the polymer constituting the layer (y-1) is preferably 80 to 99.99% by mass, more preferably based on the mass of the polymer constituting the layer (y-1). It is 85 to 99% by mass, more preferably 90 to 98% by mass.
- the mass of the layer (y-1) is preferably 0 parts by mass or more and 50 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2), and the layer (y-3). More preferably, they are 30 to 40 mass parts. If the mass of the layer (y-1) is within this range, the resulting black film is excellent in heat resistance.
- the layer (y-2) of the multilayer particle essentially contains a structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate ester (sometimes referred to as an alkyl acrylate ester unit) and a crosslinkable monomer unit. And a polymer comprising a structural unit derived from another monomer copolymerizable with the crosslinkable monomer (sometimes referred to as a monomer (y-2) unit), if necessary. Become.
- alkyl acrylate an alkyl acrylate having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferable. N-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, pentyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate And 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, and the like.
- the amount of the alkyl acrylate units contained in the polymer constituting the layer (y-2) is preferably 70 to 99.8% by mass relative to the mass of the polymer constituting the layer (y-2), More preferably, it is 75 to 90% by mass, and still more preferably 78 to 86% by mass.
- the mass of the layer (y-2) is preferably 40 parts by mass or more and 70 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2) and the layer (y-3). More preferably, it is 45 to 55 mass parts. When the mass of the layer (y-2) is within this range, the resulting black film has a high surface hardness and is difficult to break.
- the layer (y-3) of the multilayer particle contains MMA units as essential and may be expressed as a structural unit derived from a monomer copolymerizable with methyl methacrylate (monomer (y-3) unit). .) As necessary.
- the amount of MMA units contained in the polymer constituting the layer (y-3) is preferably from 80 to 100% by mass, more preferably from 85 to 100% by weight based on the mass of the polymer constituting the layer (y-3). 100% by mass, more preferably 90 to 100% by mass.
- the mass of the layer (y-3) is preferably 10 parts by mass or more and 30 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2) and the layer (y-3). More preferably, it is more than 15 parts by mass and 25 parts by mass or less. When the mass of the layer (y-3) is within this range, the surface hardness of the resulting black film can be increased.
- the multilayer structure rubber particles may have another layer in addition to the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2) and the layer (y-3).
- the multilayer rubber particles are preferably composed of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2), and the layer (y-3) in this order from the inside to the outside.
- Examples thereof include a block copolymer (Z) containing 90 to 20% by mass of (z2).
- the block copolymer (Z) is composed of a diblock copolymer in which a methacrylic ester polymer block (z1) is bonded to one end of an acrylic ester polymer block (z2) or an acrylic ester polymer block (z2).
- a triblock copolymer having a methacrylate polymer block (z1) bonded to both ends is preferred.
- the block copolymer (Z) has 30 to 80% by mass of an acrylate polymer block (z2) and 20 to 70% by mass of a methacrylic acid ester polymer block (z1). ) Having a melt viscosity of 75 to 1500 Pa ⁇ s at 220 ° C. and a shear rate of 122 / sec is preferred from the viewpoint of impact resistance and extrusion moldability during film formation of a black film.
- the ratio of the structural unit derived from the acrylate ester in the acrylate polymer block (z2) is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, further preferably 80% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 90% by mass. %, And a composition of 100% by mass is also included.
- acrylate ester examples include methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, sec-butyl acrylate, tert-butyl acrylate, acrylic Amyl acid, Isoamyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, pentadecyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid Examples include 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, and allyl acrylate.
- the acrylic acid ester polymer block (z2) can be formed by polymerizing these acrylic acid esters alone or in combination of two or more.
- alkyl acrylates having 6 to 12 carbon atoms are preferred.
- n-butyl acrylate is preferable from the viewpoints of cost, low-temperature characteristics, and the like, and a copolymer of n-butyl acrylate and benzyl acrylate is more preferable from the viewpoint of transparency.
- the proportion of the structural unit derived from the methacrylic acid ester in the methacrylic acid ester polymer block (z1) is preferably 80% by mass or more, more preferably 90% by mass or more, further preferably 95% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 98% by mass. %, And a composition of 100% by mass is also included.
- a methacrylic acid ester methyl methacrylate is preferable from the viewpoint of improving transparency and heat resistance.
- the stereoregularity of the methacrylic acid ester polymer block (z1) is preferably 60% or more, more preferably 65%, in terms of triplet display syndiotacticity (rr) from the viewpoint of improving heat resistance.
- the glass transition temperature can be increased, and excellent heat resistance can be exhibited in the black film.
- the block copolymer (Z) may have a functional group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an acid anhydride, or an amino group in the molecular chain or at the molecular chain end as necessary.
- the method for producing the block copolymer (Z) is not particularly limited, and a method according to a known method can be employed. For example, a method of living polymerizing monomers constituting each polymer block is generally used.
- the polycarbonate resin that can be used as the thermoplastic resin (A) is a polymer obtained by a reaction between a polyfunctional hydroxy compound and a carbonate-forming compound.
- the polyfunctional hydroxy compound include 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyls which may have a substituent; bis (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes which may have a substituent; and the like. Of these polyfunctional hydroxy compounds, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane is preferred.
- the carbonate ester-forming compound include various dihalogenated carbonyls such as phosgene, haloformates such as chloroformate, and carbonate ester compounds such as bisaryl carbonate. The amount of the carbonate ester-forming compound may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of the stoichiometric ratio (equivalent) of the reaction.
- the polycarbonate resin may contain a unit having a polyester, polyurethane, polyether or polysiloxane structure in addition to the polycarbonate unit.
- the polycarbonate resin suitably used in the present invention is not particularly limited by its molecular weight, but has a viscosity average molecular weight of about 13,000 to 30,000 or a melt viscosity at 250 ° C. and 100 sec ⁇ 1 from the viewpoint of ease of production by extrusion molding. Is preferably about 1300 to 6000 Pa ⁇ s.
- the molecular weight can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of the terminal terminator or branching agent.
- Styrene resins that can be used as the thermoplastic resin (A) include, in addition to polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS resin), styrene-maleimide copolymer, styrene-N-phenylmaleimide copolymer, Styrene-N-phenylmaleimide-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-N-phenylmaleimide-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-N-phenylmaleimide-butyl acrylate copolymer, rubber-reinforced impact-resistant polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile Copolymer (AS resin), ethylene-propylene rubber reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (AES resin), polyacrylate rubber reinforced styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (AAS resin),
- the black film of this invention consists of a thermoplastic resin (A).
- the thermoplastic resin (A) contains two or more dyes other than black. That is, it contains at least a dye (C1) other than black and a dye (C2) other than black.
- the at least two kinds of dyes are selected so as to absorb the entire visible light region and develop a deep and clear black color.
- the L * a * b * color system measurement by selecting a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the visible light region (380 to 780 nm) in the range of 380 to 670 nm and 670 to 780 nm, It is possible to develop a black color having an L * (lightness) of 10 or less, an a * absolute value of 2.0 or less, and a b * absolute value of 2.0 or less. More preferably, by selecting a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the visible light region (380 to 780 nm) in the range of 500 to 670 nm and 670 to 780 nm, respectively, a greenish black color can be expressed and Can be issued.
- the visible light whole region can be absorbed more easily and black with a deepness and a clearness can be expressed.
- it is possible to develop black color by selecting a dye having a maximum absorption wavelength in the visible light region (380 to 780 nm) in the range of 380 to 600 nm, 600 to 670 nm, or 670 to 780 nm. is there.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the dye can be determined by measuring a 10 mg / L dye dichloromethane solution with a spectrophotometer.
- the type of the dye is not particularly limited, and known ones can be used. Suitable dyes include anthraquinones, azos, anthrapyridones, perylenes, anthracenes, perinones, indanthrones, quinacridones, xanthenes, thioxanthenes, oxazines, oxazolines, indigoids, Thioindigoids, quinophthalones, naphthalimides, cyanines, methines, pyrazolones, lactones, coumarins, bis-benzoxazolylthiophenes, naphthalenetetracarboxylic acids, phthalocyanines, triarylmethanes, aminoketones, Bis (styryl) biphenyls, azines, rhodamines, derivatives of the aforementioned compounds and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable dyes include anthraquinones, azos, anthrapyridones, perylene
- Examples of anthraquinones include Solvent52Red52, Solvent Red149, Solvent Red149, Solvent Red150, Solvent Red151, Solvent Red36, Solvent Red191, SolventolRed36, Solvent Red207, Disperse Red207, Disperse Red207, Solvent19RedS Solvent Blue78, Solvent Blue83, Solvent Blue87, Solvent Blue94, Solvent Blue97, Solvent Green3, Solvent Green20, Solven Green28, Disperse Violet 28, Solvent Violet 13, Solvent Violet 14, include those that are commercially available in the Color Index, such as Solvent Violet 36.
- Perinones are commercially available in color indexes such as Solvent Orange 60, Solvent Orange 78, Solvent Orange 90, Solvent Orange 29, Solvent Red 135, Solvent Red 162, Solvent Red 179, and the like.
- Perylenes include dyes commercially available in color indexes such as Solvent Green 3, Solvent Green 5, Solvent Orange 55, Vat Red 15, Vat Orange 7, Forange 240, FRed 305, FRed 339, FYello 83, and the like.
- Azos include Solvent Yellow 14, Solvent Yellow 16, Solvent Yellow 21, Solvent Yellow 61, Solvent Yellow 81, Solvent Red24, Solvent Red, Solvent Red8, Solvent Red27, Solvent Red27, Violet 21, Solvent Black 21, Solvent Black 23, Solvent Black 27, Solvent Black 28, Solvent Black 31, Solvent Orange 37, Solvent Oran Those sold under the Color Index, such as e 40, Solvent Orange 45 and the like.
- methines examples include those commercially available with color indexes such as Solvent Orange 80 and Solvent Yellow 93.
- quinolines include those marketed under color indexes such as Solvent® Yellow® 33, Solvent® Yellow® 98, Solvent® Yellow® 157, Disperse® Yellow® 54, Disperse® Yellow® 160, and the like.
- the total concentration C of dyes other than black in the thermoplastic resin (A) is 0.4 to 5.0% by mass.
- the total concentration C of the dyes other than black is 0.4% by mass or more, the black film has a color difference in the same decorative molded body even after stretch molding when used for decorative applications. No jetting and excellent jetness with depth and clarity.
- the total concentration C of the dyes other than black is 5.0% by mass or less, the amount of the dye used can be suppressed and the cost can be reduced, and the compatibility between the dye and the polymer can be maintained high, and the bleed of the dye can be maintained. Out can be suppressed.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) may contain other additives without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- antioxidants, stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, lubricants, processing aids, antistatic agents, impact resistance aids, foaming agents, fillers, matting agents and the like may be contained.
- the content of other additives is preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the ultraviolet absorbers described below can be used.
- the thermoplastic resin (A) preferably has a pigment content of 2% by mass or less from the viewpoint of preventing the black film from having a whitish hue or having a flaw. More preferably, no pigment is contained.
- the thickness T in the black film of the present invention is 45 to 550 ⁇ m. If the thickness is less than 45 ⁇ m, it will show through after stretch molding, and when used for decoration purposes, color tone differences are likely to occur in the same decorative molded product, and it will be difficult to express deep color tone. If the thickness is larger than 550 ⁇ m, the thickness of the entire film increases, which may cause problems in handling properties, cutting properties, punching properties, and the like. Moreover, when the thickness of the entire film is increased, the followability of the film at the end of the decorative molded body may be reduced when insert molding or vacuum forming is performed. For the above reasons, the lower limit of the thickness of the black film is more preferably 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 ⁇ m, and the upper limit of the thickness is more preferably 450 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the black film of the present invention satisfies the following (Formula 1).
- C is the total concentration [% by mass] of the dye other than black in the thermoplastic resin (A)
- T is the thickness [ ⁇ m] of the black film.
- the black film has a total light transmittance of 3.0% or less, preferably 2.0% or less after being stretched twice in a uniaxial direction at a temperature 20 ° C. higher than the glass transition temperature.
- the black film does not show through even after stretch molding, and has excellent jetness with depth and clarity. For this reason, it is possible to perform molding at a high draw ratio, which is particularly suitable for deep drawing.
- C ⁇ T which is the left side of (Formula 1) is 210 or more, preferably 220 to 1000, more preferably 230 to 850, and still more preferably 240 to 700.
- the black film of the present invention has an L * (lightness) of 10 or less, an a * absolute value of 2.0 or less, and a b * in L * a * b * colorimetric measurement in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4.
- the absolute value is 2.0 or less. If it is this range, a film is black and is excellent in jetness.
- the black film of the present invention may be a single layer film having only a layer made of the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin (A).
- the black film of the present invention may be a film having another layer in addition to the layer made of the above-described thermoplastic resin (A) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a black layer). That is, the black film of the present invention may be a laminated film having two or more layers.
- the black film of the present invention can be a film having a black layer and a surface protective layer made of a transparent thermoplastic resin (B) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a laminated film).
- a transparent thermoplastic resin (B) hereinafter sometimes referred to as a laminated film.
- a known transparent thermoplastic resin (B) can be used without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
- the laminated film is excellent in scratch resistance.
- Suitable examples of the transparent thermoplastic resin (B) include methacrylic resin, polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene resin, polycarbonate resin, polyolefin, norbornene polymer, cycloolefin polymer, and polyester resin.
- a methacrylic resin is preferable because the laminated film has excellent weather resistance, transparency, and surface hardness.
- the kind of methacrylic resin is not particularly limited, and those similar to those described above for the thermoplastic resin (A) can be used.
- the transparent thermoplastic resin (B) is preferably a methacrylic resin containing 60% by mass or more of a (meth) acrylic polymer.
- the content of structural units derived from alkyl acrylates having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is preferably 2.5 to 25% by mass.
- the total light transmittance is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more, and 85% or more. More preferably.
- the transparent thermoplastic resin (B) may contain an additive without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- it may contain antioxidants, stabilizers, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, lubricants, processing aids, antistatic agents, coloring agents, impact aids, foaming agents, fillers, and matting agents. Good.
- the transparent thermoplastic resin (B) may contain an ultraviolet absorber.
- the ultraviolet absorber is a compound having an ability to absorb ultraviolet rays, and is a compound mainly having a function of converting light energy into heat energy.
- Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzophenones, benzotriazoles, triazines, benzoates, salicylates, cyanoacrylates, succinic anilides, malonic esters, formamidines, and the like. Among these, benzotriazoles and triazines are preferable.
- An ultraviolet absorber can be used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- benzotriazoles examples include 2,2′-methylenebis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) 6- (2H-benzotriazol-yl) phenol] (manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd .; trade name ADK STAB LA-31), 2- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) phenol (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals; trade name TINUVIN329), 2 -(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) -4,6-bis (1-methyl-1-phenylethyl) phenol (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals; trade name TINUVIN234) and the like.
- triazine examples include Toyotsu Chemiplus; trade name TINUVIN479.
- triazines are preferably used from the viewpoint that resin deterioration due to ultraviolet irradiation can be suppressed.
- the transparent thermoplastic resin (B) may contain a weather resistance improving agent such as a light stabilizer.
- a weather resistance improving agent such as a light stabilizer.
- the light stabilizer include hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS).
- hindered amine light stabilizers include bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (manufactured by BASF, trade name “TINUVIN292”), bis (2,2,6) decanedioate.
- 6-tetramethyl-1- (octyloxy) -4-piperidinyl) ester (trade name “TINUVIN123” manufactured by BASF AG), bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, Methyl (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate, 2,4-bis [N-butyl-N- (1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine- 4-yl) amino] -6- (2-hydroxyethylamine) -1,3,5-triazine) and the like are preferred.
- the thickness of the surface protective layer may vary depending on applications and needs, but is preferably 10 to 250 ⁇ m. If it is smaller than 10 ⁇ m, the weather resistance, transparency and surface hardness may be insufficient. Moreover, when the thickness of the surface protective layer is reduced, the effect of adding the ultraviolet absorber is lowered, and the weather resistance is lowered. Although a method of increasing the concentration of the UV absorber can be considered to solve this problem, since the UV absorber is generally a low molecule, the compatibility with the resin is low, and it bleeds out to the surface of the surface protective layer during long-term use. It tends to be easy. Since the bleed-out appears more conspicuously as the addition concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is higher, the addition concentration of the ultraviolet absorber is limited.
- the thickness of the surface protective layer is larger than 250 ⁇ m, the thickness of the entire laminated film increases, which may cause problems in handling properties, cutability, punchability, crack resistance, and the like.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the surface protective layer is more preferably 30 ⁇ m, further preferably 40 ⁇ m, and the upper limit of the thickness of the surface protective layer is more preferably 150 ⁇ m, and further preferably 100 ⁇ m.
- the black film of this invention can be made into the laminated body which has a black layer and an adhesive resin layer.
- An adhesive resin layer is a layer which contacts the base material mentioned later when performing vacuum forming, and bears the role which maintains the adhesiveness of a black layer and a base material favorably.
- the adhesive resin layer comprises an adhesive resin and / or an adhesive resin.
- the adhesive resin Since the adhesive resin has an appropriate viscoelasticity before curing, it can be pressure-bonded to the adherend with a weak pressure, and can exhibit a high cohesive force without being reacted for a long time at a high temperature. Therefore, by forming an adhesive resin layer using an adhesive resin, it is possible to exhibit a high adhesive force when producing a decorative molded product by a vacuum forming method, and to obtain a laminated film having excellent adhesive strength. .
- the adhesive resin conventionally known ones such as aliphatic polyamide, dimer acid-modified epoxy resin and / or NBR-modified epoxy resin, and epoxy resin can be used.
- the adhesive resin may contain a crosslinking agent as required.
- the thickness of the adhesive resin layer is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m. If the thickness of the adhesive resin layer is within the above range, sufficient adhesive strength can be maintained when the decorative molded body is produced by vacuum molding.
- the black film of this invention can be made into the laminated body which has a black layer and a binder layer.
- the binder layer is a layer in contact with a resin (hereinafter simply referred to as “injection resin”) that is injected during insert molding, and is present between the black layer and the injection resin and has good adhesion. Take the role of keeping.
- the binder layer is made of a binder resin. It is preferable that 60 mass% or more of binder resin is comprised by the structural unit which originates in an injection resin and a mutually common monomer.
- the structural unit derived from the common monomer of the binder resin and the injection resin is more preferably 70% by mass or more, further preferably 80% by mass or more, and 90% by mass or more in each resin. It is particularly preferred.
- the binder resin and the injection resin are not particularly limited as long as they satisfy the above conditions and do not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
- Suitable resins include those containing polycarbonate resins, styrenic polymers or mixtures thereof.
- the polycarbonate resin and the styrenic polymer those similar to those described above for the thermoplastic resin (A) can be used.
- the thickness of the binder layer is preferably 5 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 25 to 450 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 50 to 400 ⁇ m. If the thickness of a binder layer is in the said range, when manufacturing a decorative molded body by insert molding, sufficient adhesive strength can be hold
- the total thickness of the laminated film is 45 to 550 ⁇ m.
- the laminated film has an L * (lightness) of 10 or less and an absolute value of a * of 2.0 or less in L * a * b * colorimetric measurement in accordance with JIS Z 8781-4 measured from the surface protective layer side. , B * is 2.0 or less.
- the laminated film has a total light transmittance of 3.0 after being stretched twice in a uniaxial direction at a temperature 20 ° C. higher than that of a thermoplastic resin having a high glass transition temperature contained in each layer constituting the laminated film. % Or less, and preferably 2.0% or less.
- Black film production method For the black film of the present invention, a known production method such as press molding, extrusion molding, injection molding or the like can be used without departing from the spirit.
- a suitable example is extrusion.
- when a laminated film is extruded it can be produced by coextrusion. By performing coextrusion molding, excellent interlayer adhesion can be obtained while increasing productivity.
- the resin constituting each layer is heated and melted, supplied to the extrusion die through different flow paths from different extruders and pumps, and extruded from the extrusion die in multiple layers. Adhere later.
- this extrusion die for example, a T die such as a multi-manifold die or a field block can be used.
- the resin layered in the feed block is guided to a sheet forming die such as a T die and formed into a film, and then flows into the gap between the pair of pressure rolls.
- the laminated film is obtained by passing through the gap and cooling.
- the resin layered in the multi-manifold die is similarly formed into a film inside the die. Thereafter, it flows into the pair of pressure rolls, passes through the gap between the pressure rolls, and is cooled to obtain a laminated film.
- a multi-manifold die is preferable from the viewpoint of keeping the thickness uniformity of each layer good.
- the black film of the present invention it can be extruded through a polymer filter. Any method including a step of passing each resin through a polymer filter in a molten state may be used, and a known method can be used.
- a leaf type polymer filter and a pleated type polymer filter are preferable, and a pleated type polymer filter is particularly preferable.
- the polymer filter preferably has a filter opening of 5 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the polymer filter can be installed, for example, between an extruder and a die or between an extruder and a gear pump.
- the base material in the present invention is an adherend of the black film of the present invention.
- the base material should just be what can bond the black film of this invention by vacuum forming or insert molding.
- the base material is a plate material such as a flat plate or a curved plate of various materials, a three-dimensional article, a sheet (or film), and the like.
- Various materials include wood veneer, wood plywood, particle board, wood fiber board such as MDF (medium density fiber board), metal materials such as iron and aluminum, ceramics such as glass and ceramics, non-cement ceramics such as plaster Materials, non-ceramic ceramic materials such as ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) plates, acrylic resins, polyester resins, polystyrene resins, polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resins (ABS resins), polycarbonate Examples thereof include resin materials such as resin, phenol resin, vinyl chloride resin, cellulose resin and rubber.
- MDF medium density fiber board
- metal materials such as iron and aluminum
- ceramics such as glass and ceramics
- non-cement ceramics such as plaster Materials
- non-ceramic ceramic materials such as ALC (lightweight cellular concrete) plates
- acrylic resins polyester resins
- polystyrene resins polyolefin resins such as polypropylene,
- the decorative molded body is a three-dimensional molded body in which at least a part of the surface of the substrate is coated with the black film of the present invention by vacuum molding.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative molded body according to the present invention.
- the decorative molded body 10 shown in FIG. 1 has an adhesive resin layer 3 formed on a base material 4, a black layer 1 formed on the adhesive resin layer 3, and a surface on the black layer 1.
- the protective layer 2 is formed.
- the decorative molded body is a three-dimensional molded body in which at least a part of the surface of the injection resin is covered with the black film of the present invention by insert molding.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a decorative molded body according to the present invention.
- the decorative molded body 10 shown in FIG. 2 has a binder layer 5 formed on a layer made of an injection resin 6, a black layer 1 formed on the binder layer 5, and a surface protection on the black layer 1.
- the layer 2 is formed.
- the layer made of the injection resin 6 is the base material.
- the black film of the present invention does not cause the black film to be transparent even after being stretch-molded, and has excellent jetness with depth and clarity. Moreover, the decorative molded body of the present invention is excellent in jetness with depth and clarity. From these features, the black film or decorative molded body of the present invention is suitable for decorative applications, and can be used for molded products that require design properties and various molded products that require light shielding properties.
- billboard parts such as advertising towers, stand signboards, sleeve signboards, billboard signs, and rooftop signs; display parts such as showcases, dividers, and store displays; fluorescent lamp covers, mood lighting covers, lamp shades, and light ceilings Lighting parts such as light walls and chandeliers; Interior parts such as furniture, pendants and mirrors; Building parts such as doors, domes, safety window glass, partitions, staircases, balcony stools, and roofs of leisure buildings; , Pilot visor, motorcycle, motor boat windshield, bus shading plate, automobile side visor, rear visor, head wing, headlight cover, automobile interior parts, automotive exterior parts such as bumpers and molds; Nameplate, stereo cover, TV protective mask, vending machine, mobile phone Electronic equipment parts such as personal computers; medical equipment parts such as incubators and X-ray parts; equipment-related parts such as machine covers, instrument covers, experimental devices, rulers, dials, observation windows; road signs, guide plates, curved mirrors, soundproofing Traffic related parts such as walls; other decorative films on the surface of greenhouse
- the decorative molded body of the present invention is a process in which a black film is bonded to the surface of a substrate via an adhesive resin layer by vacuum forming, or the black film is applied to the surface of an injection resin via a binder layer by insert molding. It is obtained by the process of bonding.
- a TOM (Threee dimension Overlay Method) method is preferably used.
- the inside of the device where the black film fixed to the fixed frame is cut is sucked in both spaces by a vacuum pump or the like, and the inside of the device is evacuated.
- the substrate is heated with an infrared heater until the film reaches a predetermined temperature at which the film is softened.
- the air is sent to only one side of the internal space of the apparatus, thereby the adherend in a vacuum atmosphere.
- the film is brought into close contact with the three-dimensional shape of the substrate. After the film is in close contact with the substrate, it is removed from the fixed frame to obtain a decorative molded body.
- Vacuum forming is usually carried out by heating the surface temperature of the film to 80 to 150 ° C, preferably about 110 to 140 ° C.
- Insert molding includes, for example, a method in which a black film preformed by vacuum molding or the like is fixed to a mold and a resin is injected from the binder layer side of the black film.
- the temperature of the injection resin is usually from 150 to 300 ° C., preferably from 180 to 280 ° C., depending on the melt viscosity of the resin used.
- the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples and comparative examples.
- this invention is not restrict
- the present invention includes all aspects that are obtained by arbitrarily combining the above-described items representing technical characteristics such as characteristic values, forms, manufacturing methods, and uses.
- the black film obtained in each example (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “film”) is cut into 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm, fixed to an acrylic plate of 100 mm ⁇ 100 mm ⁇ thickness 3 mm using a double-sided tape, and a test piece It was. If the spectrophotometer has a film side, especially the surface protective layer, set it so that the surface protective layer side becomes the measurement surface, and conform to JIS Z8722, with A light source, viewing angle 2 °, reflection mode (diffuse reflection) It was measured. Thereafter, L *, a *, and b * values were determined using the L * a * b * color system (JIS Z 8781-4). The smaller the L *, a *, and b * values, the darker the tone and the greater the jetness.
- the film obtained in each Example was cut out into 50 mm x 150 mm, and it was set as the test piece.
- a test piece is set on an autograph, and a thermoplastic resin having a high glass transition temperature among the thermoplastic resins contained in each layer constituting the film, in a 20 ° C. high temperature atmosphere, a 5 kN load cell, a distance between chucks of 110 mm, A test piece was pulled at a pulling speed of 300 mm / min until the chuck-to-chuck distance was 220 mm, and stretched twice in a uniaxial direction.
- Device Shimadzu Autograph (AG-5kN)
- Total light transmittance The thickness of the test piece obtained by the above method and stretched twice in the uniaxial direction was measured. For the part where the thickness after stretching is 1 ⁇ 2 before stretching, set the spectrophotometer so that the surface protective layer side becomes the measurement surface when there is a surface protective layer, in accordance with JIS Z8722, A The measurement was performed using a light source, a viewing angle of 2 °, and a reflection mode (diffuse reflection).
- Methacrylic resin (X-1) A methyl methacrylate polymer having 6.0% by mass of structural units derived from methyl acrylate and having a viscosity average polymerization degree of 1550.
- Methacrylic resin (X-2) A methyl methacrylate polymer having 2.5% by mass of structural units derived from methyl acrylate and having a viscosity average degree of polymerization of 1170.
- Multilayer rubber particles (Y)> This is a multi-layered rubber particle having a three-layer structure comprising an innermost layer (y-1), an intermediate layer (y-2), and an outermost layer (y-3).
- the particle diameter observed with an electron microscope is 0.23 ⁇ m. is there.
- the innermost layer (y-1) is composed of 93.84 parts by mass of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate, 5.96 parts by mass of structural units derived from methyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate as a crosslinkable monomer. It contains 0.20 parts by mass of derived structural units.
- the mass of the layer (y-1) is 34.73 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2), and the layer (y-3).
- the intermediate layer (y-2) is derived from 80.61 parts by mass of structural units derived from butyl acrylate, 17.43 parts by weight of structural units derived from styrene, and derived from allyl methacrylate as a crosslinkable monomer. 1.96 parts by mass of structural units are included.
- the mass of the layer (y-2) is 45.46 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2) and the layer (y-3).
- the outermost layer (y-3) contains 94.00 parts by mass of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate and 6.00 parts by mass of structural units derived from methyl acrylate.
- the mass of the layer (y-3) is 19.81 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass in total of the layer (y-1), the layer (y-2), and the layer (y-3).
- ⁇ Block copolymer (Z)> Polymer block consisting only of structural units derived from methyl methacrylate [z1] -copolymer consisting of 74.4% by weight of structural units derived from butyl acrylate and 25.6% by weight of structural units derived from benzyl acrylate
- a diblock copolymer comprising block [z2], having a weight average molecular weight of 90,000, and a polymer block mass ratio [z1]: [z2] of 1: 1.
- the resulting polymer T1, polymer T2, crosslinker (manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd., Tetrad X) and bistrifluoromethanesulfonimide were blended in a dry weight ratio of 46: 40: 2: 2, and acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive T was obtained.
- the molecular weight distribution of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive T was 18.
- Example 1 Using the organic dye-containing resin (P-1) obtained in Production Example 1 and extruding at a discharge rate of 20 kg / hr using a 50 mm ⁇ vent type single screw extruder, and filtering with a polymer filter (filtration accuracy: 20 ⁇ m) , Using a manifold die with a width of 300 mm, discharging at a temperature of 240 ° C., niping with a metal mirror roll at 90 ° C. and 95 ° C., and taking it up at a speed of 8.1 m / min. A film was formed. The values of L *, a *, and b * of the black film obtained by film formation were determined in accordance with the [Pure blackness] section.
- the black film obtained by the film formation is stretched twice in the uniaxial direction according to the term [2 times stretching in the uniaxial direction], and then the stretched black film is stretched in accordance with the term [total light transmittance].
- the total light transmittance was measured.
- an adhesive resin layer is formed on the black film obtained by film formation according to the section [Coating of adhesive resin layer], and then according to the section [Preparation of decorative molded body].
- the color tone of the decorative molded body was visually observed according to the section [Confirmation of transparency in the decorative molded body]. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 2 A black film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the organic dye-containing resin shown in Table 2 was used and the take-up speed during film formation was changed to the thickness shown in Table 2. Next, each evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 8 Using the acrylic resin (Q) of Production Example 11 as a transparent thermoplastic resin to be a surface protective layer, extrusion is performed at a discharge rate of 5 kg / hr using a 30 mm ⁇ vent type single screw extruder, and at the same time, Production Example 1 as a black layer Using an organic dye-containing resin (P-1), it was extruded at 15 kg / hr using a 50 mm ⁇ vent type single screw extruder. And each was laminated using a multi-manifold die with a width of 300 mm, extruded at a temperature of 240 ° C., nipped between 90 ° C. and 95 ° C.
- P-1 organic dye-containing resin
- Example 9 A laminated film was formed in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the transparent thermoplastic resin constituting the surface protective layer and the resin containing the organic dye constituting the black layer were changed as shown in Table 2. Next, each evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 8.
- Example 1 A black film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin containing the organic dye shown in Table 3 was used and the take-up speed during film formation was changed to the thickness shown in Table 3. Next, each evaluation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- thermoplastic resin (A) constituting the black film was a methacrylic resin. From the results of Examples 6 and 7, even if the thermoplastic resin (A) constituting the black film was other than methacrylic resin (polycarbonate resin, styrene resin), good results were obtained.
- Example 10 Although the resin which has a polyvinylidene fluoride as a main component is used as a surface protective layer, the favorable result was obtained in jet black.
- Example 12 the surface protective layer is not provided and the thermoplastic resin (A) having no structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms is used. Obtained.
- Example 13 a surface protective layer is provided using a transparent thermoplastic resin (B) having no structural unit derived from an alkyl acrylate ester having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Obtained. In Examples 1 to 11, chipping during trimming did not occur compared to Examples 12 and 13.
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Abstract
Description
金型に挿入して真空成形し不要部分をトリミング後、射出成形金型に装填してABS樹脂等を射出成形によりバックアップ成形して加飾成形体を作成する方法が知られている(特許文献1、2)。
即ち本発明は、以下の態様を含んでなる。
C×T≧210 (式1)
[3];熱可塑性樹脂(A)および/または透明熱可塑性樹脂(B)がメタクリル樹脂である、[1]または[2]に記載の黒色フィルム。
[4];前記メタクリル樹脂が、炭素数6~12のアクリル酸アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位を有するアクリル系共重合体(A2)を含有し、該炭素数6~12のアクリル酸アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位の含有量が、前記メタクリル樹脂に対し2.5~25.0質量%である、[3]に記載の黒色フィルム。
[5];ポリマーフィルターを介して押出成形する、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の黒色フィルムの製造方法。
[6];[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の黒色フィルムを、基材の表面に積層してなる加飾成形体。
C×T≧210 (式1)
本発明の黒色フィルムは熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなる。熱可塑性樹脂(A)としては、メタクリル樹脂、スチレン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂等が例示できる。耐候性および表面硬度が優れている観点から、メタクリル樹脂が好ましい。また、耐衝撃性が優れている観点から、ポリカーボネート樹脂、スチレン系樹脂又はこれらの混合物が好ましい。
メタクリル樹脂は、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を含む重合体である。メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位の含有量は、好ましくは50質量%以上、より好ましくは70質量%以上、さらにより好ましくは80質量%以上、さらにより好ましくは90質量%以上、最も好ましくは95質量%以上である。
熱可塑性樹脂(A)として用いることのできるポリカーボネート樹脂は、多官能ヒドロキシ化合物と炭酸エステル形成性化合物との反応によって得られる重合体である。多官能ヒドロキシ化合物としては、置換基を有していてもよい4,4’-ジヒドロキシビフェニル類;置換基を有していてもよいビス(ヒドロキシフェニル)アルカン類;などが挙げられる。これらの多官能ヒドロキシ化合物の中でも、2,2-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパンが好ましい。炭酸エステル形成性化合物としては、ホスゲンなどの各種ジハロゲン化カルボニルや、クロロホーメートなどのハロホーメート、ビスアリールカーボネートなどの炭酸エステル化合物が挙げられる。この炭酸エステル形成性化合物の量は、反応の化学量論比(当量)を考慮して適宜調整すればよい。
本発明の黒色フィルムは、熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなる。熱可塑性樹脂(A)は、黒色以外の2種以上の染料を含む。すなわち、黒色以外の染料(C1)と黒色以外の染料(C2)とを少なくとも含む。該少なくとも2種の染料は、あわせて可視光線全域を吸収し、深みと清澄感のある黒色が発現するように選択する。具体的には、可視光領域(380~780nm)における最大吸収波長が、380~670nm、670~780nmの範囲にある染料をそれぞれ選択することで、L*a*b*表色系測定において、L*(明度)が10以下、a*の絶対値が2.0以下、b*の絶対値が2.0以下であるような黒色を発現することが可能である。より好ましくは、可視光領域(380~780nm)における最大吸収波長が、500~670nm、670~780nmの範囲にある染料をそれぞれ選択することで、緑味の黒色を発現することができ、高級感を出すことができる。また、3種類以上の染料を用いることで、より容易に可視光線全域を吸収することができ、深みと清澄感のある黒色を発現することができる。具体的には、可視光領域(380~780nm)における最大吸収波長が、380~600nm、600~670nm、670~780nmの範囲にある染料をそれぞれ選択することで、黒色を発現することが可能である。なお、染料の最大吸収波長は、染料10mg/Lのジクロロメタン溶液を分光光度計で測定することにより決定できる。
なお、黒色フィルムが白味かがった色相となったり、ブツ欠点を有したりするのを防ぐ観点から、熱可塑性樹脂(A)は、特に顔料の含有量が2質量%以下であることが好ましく、顔料を含まないことがより好ましい。
本発明の黒色フィルムにおける厚みTは、45~550μmである。厚みが45μmより小さいと、延伸成形後に、透けて見え、加飾用途に用いた場合に、同一加飾成形体中での色調差が発生しやすいと共に、深みのある色調表現が困難となる。厚みが550μmより大きいと、フィルム全体の厚さが増すことでハンドリング性、切断性・打抜き性などに問題が生じる場合がある。また、フィルム全体の厚さが増すことでインサート成形、真空成形を行う際にも加飾成形体端部におけるフィルムの追従性が低下する恐れがある。上記の理由より、黒色フィルムの厚みの下限は50μmがより好ましく、100μmがさらに好ましく、厚みの上限は450μm以下がより好ましく、400μm以下がさらに好ましい。
C×T≧210 (式1)
ここでCは熱可塑性樹脂(A)における黒色以外の染料の合計濃度〔質量%〕であり、Tは黒色フィルムにおける厚み〔μm〕である。(式1)を満たすことで、黒色フィルムは、ガラス転移温度より20℃高い温度で一軸方向に2倍延伸した後の全光線透過率が3.0%以下、好ましくは2.0%以下とすることができ、延伸成形後でも黒色フィルムの透けが発生せず、かつ深みと清澄感のある漆黒性に優れる。そのため、好適には、高い延伸倍率での成形が可能なため、特に深絞り成形などに好適である。また、加飾成形体に用いられた場合に、同一加飾成形体中での色調差が発生せず、かつ深みと清澄感のある漆黒性に優れる。(式1)の左辺であるC×Tの値は210以上であり、好ましくは220~1000、より好ましくは230~850、さらに好ましくは240~700である。
本発明の黒色フィルムは、黒色層と透明熱可塑性樹脂(B)からなる表面保護層とを有するフィルム(以下、積層フィルムと称することがある)とすることができる。表面保護層としては、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で公知の透明熱可塑性樹脂(B)を用いることができる。表面保護層を有することで、積層フィルムは耐擦傷性に優れる。
タメチル-4-ピペリジニル)セバケート、メチル(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジニル)セバケート、2,4-ビス[N-ブチル-N-(1-シクロヘキシルオキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-4-イル)アミノ]-6-(2-ヒドロキシエチルアミン)-1,3,5-トリアジン)などが好ましく挙げられる。
本発明の黒色フィルムは、黒色層と粘着性樹脂層とを有する積層体とすることができる。粘着性樹脂層とは、真空成形を行う際に後述する基材と接する層であり、黒色層と基材
の接着性を良好に保つ役割を担う。本発明において粘着性樹脂層とは、粘接着樹脂および/または粘着樹脂を含んでなるものである。
本発明の黒色フィルムは、黒色層とバインダー層とを有する積層体とすることができる。バインダー層とは、インサート成形を行う際に射出される樹脂(以下、単に「射出樹脂」と表記する)と接する層であり、黒色層と射出樹脂との間に存在し、接着性を良好に保つ役割を担う。本発明においてバインダー層とは、バインダー樹脂からなるものである。
バインダー樹脂は、60質量%以上が射出樹脂と互いに共通の単量体に由来する構造単位により構成されていることが好ましい。バインダー樹脂と射出樹脂との共通の単量体に由来する構造単位は、それぞれの樹脂において70質量%以上であることがより好ましく、80質量%以上であることがさらに好ましく、90質量%以上であることが特に好ましい。
積層フィルムの総厚さは、45~550μmである。積層フィルムは、表面保護層側から測定したJIS Z 8781-4に準拠するL*a*b*表色系測定において、L*(明度)が10以下、a*の絶対値が2.0以下、b*の絶対値が2.0以下である。積層フィルムは、その構成する各々の層に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂のうちガラス転移温度が高いものに対して、20℃高い温度で一軸方向に2倍延伸した後の全光線透過率が3.0%以下であり、2.0%以下であることが好ましい。
本発明の黒色フィルムは、プレス成形、押出成形、射出成形等、趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で公知の製造方法を用いることができる。好適な例として押出成形が挙げられる。特に、積層フィルムを押出成形する際は共押出成形により製造することができる。共押出成形を行うことにより、生産性を高めつつ、優れた層間接着性が得られる。
本発明における基材は、本発明の黒色フィルムの被着体である。基材は、真空成形またはインサート成形により本発明の黒色フィルムが貼合可能なものであればよい。例えば、基材は、各種素材の平板や曲面板等の板材、立体形状物品、およびシート(あるいはフィルム)等である。各種素材としては、木材単板、木材合板、パーティクルボード、MDF(中密度繊維板)等の木質繊維板、鉄やアルミニウム等の金属素材、ガラス、陶磁器等のセラミックス、石膏等の非セメント窯業系素材、ALC(軽量気泡コンクリート)板等の非陶磁器窯業系素材、アクリル系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合樹脂(ABS樹脂)、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、フェノール系樹脂、塩化ビニル系樹脂、セルロース系樹脂およびゴム等の樹脂素材が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様によれば、加飾成形体は、基材の表面の少なくとも一部が真空成形により、本発明の黒色フィルムで被覆された立体成形体である。具体的に、図1に、本発明による加飾成形体の一例の模式断面図を示す。図1に示される加飾成形体10は、基材4上に粘着性樹脂層3が形成されてなり、粘着性樹脂層3上に黒色層1が形成されてなり、黒色層1上に表面保護層2が形成されてなるものである。
本発明の加飾成形体は、真空成形により黒色フィルムが粘着性樹脂層を介して基材の表面に貼合される工程、またはインサート成形により黒色フィルムがバインダー層を介して射出樹脂の表面に接着される工程により得られる。
各製造例で得られた樹脂を、JIS K7121に準拠して、示差走査熱量測定装置を用いて、230℃まで10℃/分で1回目の昇温をし、次いで室温(25度)まで冷却し、その後、室温から230℃までを10℃/分で2回目の昇温をさせる条件にてDSC曲線を測定した。2回目の昇温時に測定されるDSC曲線から求められる中間点ガラス転移温度を本発明におけるガラス転移温度とした。
装置:TA Instruments社製 示差走査熱量計(Q20)
染料10mg/Lのジクロロメタン溶液を調製し、紫外可視近赤外分光光度計を用いて、透過測定を行った。可視光領域(380~780nm)における最も吸光度の大きい波長を、その染料の最大吸収波長とした。
装置:島津製作所社製 紫外可視近赤外分光光度計(UV-3600)
各実施例で得られた黒色フィルム(以下、単に「フィルム」と称することがある)を、50mm×50mmに切り出し、100mm×100mm×厚み3mmのアクリル板に両面テープを用いて固定し、試験片とした。分光光度計にフィルム側、特に表面保護層がある場合は表面保護層側が測定面になるようにセットし、JIS Z8722に準拠し、A光源、視野角度2°、反射モード(拡散反射)にて測定した。その後L*a*b*表色系(JIS Z 8781-4)にてL*、a*、b*の値を求めた。L*、a*、b*の各値が小さいほど暗い色調となり、漆黒性が増すこととなる。
装置:島津製作所製 分光光度計(UV-3600)
各実施例で得られたフィルムを50mm×150mmに切り出し、試験片とした。オートグラフに試験片をセットし、フィルムを構成する各々の層に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂のうちのガラス転移温度の高いものに対し、20℃高い温度雰囲気にて、5kNロードセル、チャック間距離110mm、引張速度300mm/minで、チャック間距離が220mmになるまで引っ張り、一軸方向へ2倍延伸した試験片を作製した。
装置:島津製作所製 オートグラフ(AG-5kN)
上記の方法により得た、一軸方向へ2倍延伸した試験片の厚みを測定した。延伸後の厚みが延伸前の1/2となった箇所に対し、分光光度計に、表面保護層がある場合は表面保護層側が測定面になるようにセットし、JIS Z8722に準拠し、A光源、視野角度2°、反射モード(拡散反射)にて測定した。
各実施例で得られたフィルムに対し、表面保護層がある場合は黒色層側に、乾燥後の厚さが60μmとなるように後述のアクリル系粘着剤Tを塗布して乾燥させた。その後、80℃、10分間真空乾燥機で処理することで、粘着性樹脂層付きのフィルムを得た。
粘着性樹脂層付きの積層フィルムを300mm×210mmに切り出し、試験片とした。真空圧空成形機に、試験片の粘着性樹脂層側が基材(80mm×120mm×高さ25mmの直方体状で、上面(80mm×120mmの面のうちの一つ)の角が丸みを帯びているもの)の上面と成形後に接するようにセットした。なお、基材はABS/ポリカーボネートアロイからなるものを用いた。遠赤外線ヒーターを用い、試験片の表面温度が130℃になったところで、試験片と成形体を密着させ、TOM成形を行うことで、加飾成形体を得た。
装置:布施真空社製 真空圧空成形機NGF
上記の方法により作製した加飾成形体と、粘着性樹脂層を塗工せずに延伸前のフィルムを隣に置き、室内の蛍光灯条件下で漆黒性の差を目視観察し、以下の基準で評価した。なお、加飾成形体はフィルム側を観察した。表面保護層がある場合は、表面保護層側から目視観察を行うこととなる。Aの基準であれば、高い延伸倍率で加工された際にも黒色フィルムの透けが発生せず、かつ深みと清澄感のある漆黒性に優れる。
A:加飾成形体中での色調差が発生しなかった(延伸前の黒色フィルムと同等の深みと清澄感があった)
B:加飾成形体中での色調差が発生した(延伸前の黒色フィルムと同等の深みと清澄感がなかった)
メタクリル樹脂(X-1):アクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を6.0質量%有し、粘度平均重合度が1550であるメタクリル酸メチル重合体。
メタクリル樹脂(X-2):アクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を2.5質量%有し、粘度平均重合度が1170であるメタクリル酸メチル重合体。
最内層(y-1)、中間層(y-2)、および最外層(y-3)からなる3層構造をもつ多層構造ゴム粒子であり、電子顕微鏡で観察した粒子径は0.23μmである。最内層(y-1)は、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を93.84質量部、アクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を5.96質量部、架橋性単量体であるメタクリル酸アリルに由来する構造単位を0.20質量部含む。層(y-1)の質量は、層(y-1)、層(y-2)および層(y-3)の合計100質量部に対して、34.73質量部である。中間層(y-2)は、アクリル酸ブチルに由来する構造単位を80.61質量部、スチレンに由来する構造単位を17.43重量部、架橋性単量体であるメタクリル酸アリルに由来する構造単位を1.96質量部含む。層(y-2)の質量は、層(y-1)、層(y-2)および層(y-3)の合計100質量部に対して、45.46質量部である。最外層(y-3)は、メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を94.00質量部、アクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位を6.00質量部含む。層(y-3)の質量は、層(y-1)、層(y-2)および層(y-3)の合計100質量部に対して、19.81質量部である。
メタクリル酸メチルに由来する構造単位のみからなる重合体ブロック[z1]-アクリル酸ブチルに由来する構造単位74.4質量%とアクリル酸ベンジルに由来する構造単位25.6質量%からなる共重合体ブロック[z2]からなり、重量平均分子量が90,000であり、重合体ブロックの質量比[z1]:[z2]が1:1であるジブロック共重合体。
Solvent Green 28(ランクセス社製) 最大吸収波長:685nm
Solvent Green 3(ランクセス社製) 最大吸収波長:643nm
Solvent Violet 36(ランクセス社製) 最大吸収波長:555nm
<カーボンブラック>
三菱カーボンブラック#1000(三菱化学社製)
<ポリカーボネート樹脂>
ポリカーボネート樹脂(住化スタイロンポリカーボネート社製「300シリーズ」)
<ABS樹脂>
ABS樹脂(日本エイアンドエル社製「サンタック」)
以下の材料を溶融混練し、黒色アクリル樹脂である有機染料入り樹脂(P-1)を得た。
メタクリル樹脂(X-1) :70.64質量%
多層構造ゴム粒子(Y) :27.66質量%
Solvent Green 28 :0.50質量%
Solvent Green 3 :0.90質量%
Solvent Violet 36 :0.30質量%
有機染料入り樹脂(P-1)において、炭素数6~12のアクリル酸アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位の含有量は10.14質量%である。
表1に従って、原料及び配合量を変えた以外は、製造例1と同様にして黒色アクリル樹脂である有機染料入り樹脂(P-2)~(P-8)、(P-11)、黒色ポリカーボネート樹脂である有機染料入り樹脂(P-9)、黒色ABS樹脂である有機染料入り樹脂(P-10)を得た。
以下の材料を溶融混練し、透明アクリル樹脂(Q)を得た。
メタクリル樹脂(X-2) :79.20質量%
ブロック共重合体(Z) :19.80質量%
TINUVIN479(豊通ケミプラス社製) :1.0質量%
以下の材料を溶融混練し、透明アクリル樹脂(R)を得た。
メタクリル樹脂(X-1) :71.14質量%
多層構造ゴム粒子(Y) :27.86質量%
TINUVIN479(豊通ケミプラス社製) :1.0質量%
以下の材料を溶融混練し、透明アクリル樹脂(S)を得た。
ポリフッ化ビニリデン(ARKEMA社製 「Kynar」) :69.30質量%
メタクリル樹脂(X-1) :29.70質量%
TINUVIN479(豊通ケミプラス社製) :1.0質量%
ブチルアクリレート65質量部、メチルアクリレート30質量部、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート5質量部を窒素雰囲気の反応容器(温度コントローラー、攪拌機、還流器付)に投入し、酢酸エチル200質量部とアソビスイソブチロニトリル0.1質量部を加えた。この混合物を75℃にて10時間重合反応させることにより、ポリマーT1を得た。得られたポリマーT1の重量平均分子量(Mw)をGPCで測定したところ、80万であった。
次にメタクリル酸メチル90質量部、メタクリル酸ジメチルアミノエチル10質量部を窒素雰囲気の反応容器に投入し、酢酸エチル200質量部とアソビスイソブチロニトリル2質量部として加えた。この混合物を75℃にて10時間重合させることにより、ポリマーT2を得た。ポリマーT1と同様に分子量(Mw)を測定した。ポリマーT2の重量平均分子量(Mw)は1万であった。
得られたポリマーT1とポリマーT2と架橋剤(三菱瓦斯化学社製、テトラドX)とビストリフルオロメタンスルホンイミドを乾燥重量比で46:40:2:2となるように配合してアクリル系粘着剤Tを得た。アクリル系粘着剤Tの分子量分布は18であった。
製造例1で得た有機染料入り樹脂(P-1)を用い、50mmΦベント式の単軸押出機を用いて吐出量20kg/hrにて押出し、ポリマーフィルター(ろ過精度:20μm)でろ過を行い、幅300mmのマニホールドダイを用いて温度240℃にて吐出し、90℃と95℃の金属鏡面ロールでニップして8.1m/minの速度にて引取り、厚さ150μmの単層の黒色フィルムを製膜した。
〔漆黒性〕の項に従い、製膜により得られた黒色フィルムのL*、a*、b*の値を求めた。また、〔一軸方向への2倍延伸〕の項に従い、製膜により得られた黒色フィルムを一軸方向への2倍延伸し、その後〔全光線透過率〕の項に従い、延伸後の黒色フィルムの全光線透過率を測定した。また、製膜により得られた黒色フィルム上に〔粘着性樹脂層の塗工〕の項に従い、粘着性樹脂層を形成し、次いで〔加飾成形体の作製〕の項に従い、加飾成形体を作製し、〔加飾成形体における透けの確認〕の項に従い、目視で加飾成形体の色調を観察した。結果を表2に示す。
表2に示す有機染料入り樹脂を用い、製膜する際の引き取り速度を変更して表2に示す厚さにした以外は、実施例1と同様にして黒色フィルムを製膜した。次いで、実施例1と同様にして各評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
表面保護層となる透明熱可塑性樹脂として製造例11のアクリル系樹脂(Q)を用い、30mmΦベント式の単軸押出機を用いて吐出量5kg/hrにて押出し、同時に黒色層として製造例1の有機染料入り樹脂(P-1)を用い、50mmΦベント式の単軸押出機を用いて15kg/hrにて押出した。
そして、それぞれを幅300mmのマルチマニホールドダイを用いて積層させて温度240℃にて押出し、90℃と95℃の金属鏡面ロールでニップして6.2m/minの速度にて引取ることにより、表面保護層の厚さ50μm、黒色層の厚さ150μmで、総厚さ200μmの2層の黒色フィルム(積層フィルム)を製膜した。
次いで、実施例1と同様にして各評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。
表面保護層を構成する透明熱可塑性樹脂と黒色層を構成する有機染料入り樹脂を表2に示すように変更した以外は、実施例8と同様にして、積層フィルムを製膜した。次いで、実施例8と同様にして各評価を行った。
表3に示す有機染料入り樹脂を用い、製膜する際の引き取り速度を変更して表3に示す厚さにした以外は、実施例1と同様にして黒色フィルムを製膜した。次いで、実施例1と同様にして各評価を行った。
表面保護層を構成する透明熱可塑性樹脂と黒色層を構成する有機染料入り樹脂を表3に示すように変更し、製膜する際の引き取り速度を変更して表3に示す厚さにした以外は、実施例8と同様にして積層フィルムを製膜した。次いで、実施例8と同様にして各評価を行った。
2 表面保護層
3 粘着性樹脂層
4 基材
5 バインダー層
6 射出樹脂からなる層(基材)
10 加飾成形体
Claims (6)
- 黒色以外の2種以上の染料を含有する熱可塑性樹脂(A)からなる黒色フィルムであって、厚みTが45~550μmであり、黒色以外の染料の合計濃度Cが熱可塑性樹脂(A)に対して0.4~5質量%であり、染料の合計濃度Cおよび厚みTが以下の(式1)を満たし、JIS Z 8781-4に準拠するL*a*b*表色系測定において、L*(明度)が10以下、a*の絶対値が2.0以下、b*の絶対値が2.0以下であり、ガラス転移温度より20℃高い温度で一軸方向に2倍延伸した後の全光線透過率が3.0%以下である黒色フィルム。
C×T≧210 (式1) - さらに透明熱可塑性樹脂(B)からなる表面保護層を有し、総厚みが45~550μmである、請求項1に記載の黒色フィルム。
- 熱可塑性樹脂(A)および/または透明熱可塑性樹脂(B)がメタクリル樹脂である、請求項1または2に記載の黒色フィルム。
- 前記メタクリル樹脂が、炭素数6~12のアクリル酸アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位を有するアクリル系共重合体(A2)を含有し、該炭素数6~12のアクリル酸アルキルエステルに由来する構造単位の含有量が、前記メタクリル樹脂に対し2.5~25.0質量%である、請求項3に記載の黒色フィルム。
- ポリマーフィルターを介して押出成形する、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の黒色フィルムの製造方法。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の黒色フィルムを、基材の表面に積層してなる加飾成形体。
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Cited By (10)
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WO2020022426A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2020-01-30 | 株式会社クラレ | 赤外線遮蔽性積層シートとその製造方法 |
KR20210037675A (ko) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-04-06 | 주식회사 쿠라레 | 적외선 차폐성 적층 시트와 그 제조 방법 |
JPWO2020022426A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-27 | 2021-08-05 | 株式会社クラレ | 赤外線遮蔽性積層シートとその製造方法 |
EP3831600A4 (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2022-05-04 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | MULTILAYER SHEET WITH PROTECTION AGAINST INFRARED LIGHT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
JP7329515B2 (ja) | 2018-07-27 | 2023-08-18 | 株式会社クラレ | 赤外線遮蔽性積層シートとその製造方法 |
KR102725373B1 (ko) * | 2018-07-27 | 2024-11-04 | 주식회사 쿠라레 | 적외선 차폐성 적층 시트와 그 제조 방법 |
JP2022137471A (ja) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-09-22 | 株式会社ダイセル | 遮光フィルム及び遮光部材 |
JP7209758B2 (ja) | 2021-03-09 | 2023-01-20 | 株式会社ダイセル | 遮光フィルム及び遮光部材 |
JP7278452B1 (ja) | 2022-03-30 | 2023-05-19 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | メタクリル酸メチルの製造方法、メタクリル系樹脂の製造方法及びメタクリル系樹脂成形体の製造方法 |
JP2023147696A (ja) * | 2022-03-30 | 2023-10-13 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | メタクリル酸メチルの製造方法、メタクリル系樹脂の製造方法及びメタクリル系樹脂成形体の製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR102391053B1 (ko) | 2022-04-27 |
EP3470205B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
EP3470205A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 |
US20190218353A1 (en) | 2019-07-18 |
KR20190020301A (ko) | 2019-02-28 |
JP6857183B2 (ja) | 2021-04-14 |
JPWO2017217429A1 (ja) | 2019-04-04 |
CN109311219A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
CN109311219B (zh) | 2021-07-16 |
US10851216B2 (en) | 2020-12-01 |
EP3470205A4 (en) | 2020-02-19 |
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