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WO2017120719A1 - 一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017120719A1
WO2017120719A1 PCT/CN2016/070555 CN2016070555W WO2017120719A1 WO 2017120719 A1 WO2017120719 A1 WO 2017120719A1 CN 2016070555 W CN2016070555 W CN 2016070555W WO 2017120719 A1 WO2017120719 A1 WO 2017120719A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
activated carbon
gas
synthetic leather
exhaust gas
carbon adsorption
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/070555
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任志军
Original Assignee
鹤山市新科达企业有限公司
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Filing date
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Application filed by 鹤山市新科达企业有限公司 filed Critical 鹤山市新科达企业有限公司
Priority to CN201680001446.3A priority Critical patent/CN106413850A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/070555 priority patent/WO2017120719A1/zh
Publication of WO2017120719A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017120719A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
    • B01D2257/708—Volatile organic compounds V.O.C.'s
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
    • B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
    • B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
    • B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of waste gas recycling and utilization, and particularly relates to an apparatus and a method for adsorbing and recovering waste gas from a synthetic leather factory by activated carbon adsorption and recovery.
  • DMFA dimethylformamide
  • MAC methyl acetate
  • EAC ethyl acetate
  • BAC butyl acetate
  • CYC cyclohexanone
  • TOL toluene
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for adsorbing and recovering waste gas of a synthetic leather factory which is safe, does not require combustion, is suitable for industrial use, and sufficiently recovers an organic solvent.
  • the utility model relates to a device for adsorbing and recovering waste gas of synthetic leather factory by using activated carbon, comprising an exhaust gas recovery device, an exhaust gas cooler, an activated carbon adsorption tank, an air suction device, a gas cooler and a spray absorption tower which are sequentially connected, and a dry process line process of the synthetic leather factory Exhaust gas and aftertreatment line process exhaust gas is collected into the exhaust gas recovery device through a pipeline, the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with activated carbon particles, and the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with a heat transfer tube containing a heat conductive medium for heating the activated carbon particles.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with a purge gas discharge port.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with two, two of the activated carbons are connected in parallel between the exhaust gas cooler and the air suction device; and two ends of the activated carbon adsorption tank are provided with a switching valve.
  • the suction device is a vacuum distillation device, a vacuum suction device or a vacuum pump.
  • the apparatus further comprises a water and oil separator in communication with the spray absorption tower.
  • the spray absorption tower is provided with an organic gas discharge port, and the organic gas discharge port is circulated to the activated carbon adsorption tank.
  • both the exhaust gas cooler and the gas cooler are connected to a cooling pipe containing a cooling medium.
  • the apparatus further comprises a spray tower, wherein the spray tower is in communication with the exhaust gas recovery device, and the process waste gas of the dry process line of the synthetic leather factory is collected by the spray tower and collected into the exhaust gas recovery device.
  • the apparatus further includes an exhaust gas filter in communication between the exhaust gas recovery device and the exhaust gas cooler.
  • a method for adsorbing and recovering waste gas of synthetic leather factory by using activated carbon comprising the following steps:
  • Dry process line of the synthetic leather factory Process waste gas and after-treatment production line process waste gas is collected into the exhaust gas recovery device through a pipeline;
  • the exhaust gas of the exhaust gas recovery device enters the exhaust gas cooler to be cooled, and then enters the activated carbon adsorption tank for adsorption, and the adsorbed purified gas is discharged from the purified gas discharge port;
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank After the activated carbon adsorption tank is adsorbed for 2-3 hours, the activated carbon adsorption tank is closed and heated by a heat-conducting tube containing a heat-conducting medium, so that the organic solvent adsorbed by the activated carbon particles is heated and then separated from the activated carbon particles;
  • the detached organic solvent gas or the gas-liquid mixture is extracted by an air suction device, and then the organic solvent gas enters the gas cooler for cooling and liquefaction, and is sufficiently absorbed by a spray absorption tower to recover the organic solvent.
  • the method further comprises S5. introducing the organic solvent into the water oil separator for oil-water separation.
  • the existing synthetic leather dry process line exhaust gas is absorbed by water spray, and a large amount of water-insoluble VOCs are discharged; the apparatus and method for adsorbing and recycling the artificial leather factory waste gas by using the activated carbon of the present invention, the VOCs are large
  • the apparatus and method for adsorbing and recycling activated carbon of the present invention are different from the conventional spraying method: first, suitable for various volatile organic solvents; during the recovery process, the moisture of the solvent is guaranteed, and will not be A large amount of solvent contaminates organic solvents, and is suitable for most organic solvents, including ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and other water-insoluble organic solvents; second, the suction device uses a vacuum distillation device, a vacuum pump or The vacuum pump and the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer tube have appropriate heat conduction temperature, which reduces the possibility of high temperature decomposition of the organic solvent and does not cause secondary pollution. Third, the activated carbon adsorption method is environmentally friendly, and the consumables (activated carbon particles) are easily replaced.
  • the device and method are safe, do not require combustion devices and steps to fully recover organic solvents, and are suitable for industrial applications.
  • Example 1 is a process flow diagram of the activated carbon adsorption recovery treatment of the synthetic leather factory in Example 1;
  • Example 2 is a process flow diagram of the activated carbon adsorption recovery treatment of the synthetic leather factory in Example 2;
  • Example 3 is a process flow diagram of the activated carbon adsorption recovery treatment of the synthetic leather factory in Example 3.
  • an apparatus for adsorbing and recovering waste gas from a synthetic leather factory comprises a spray tower, an exhaust gas recovery device, an exhaust gas filter, an exhaust gas cooler, an activated carbon adsorption tank, a vacuum suction device, and a gas.
  • the cooler, the spray absorption tower and the water-oil separator, the dry process line of the synthetic leather factory process is first collected by the spray tower through the pipeline to the exhaust gas recovery device, and the process waste gas of the post-treatment production line is collected to the exhaust gas through the pipeline
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with activated carbon particles
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with a heat transfer tube containing a heat transfer medium for heating the activated carbon particles
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with a purge gas discharge port.
  • the exhaust gas cooler and the gas cooler are each connected to a cooling pipe containing a cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium is cold water.
  • the heat pipe comprises a heat conducting medium and is thermally conductive through a heat conducting medium, which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • a heat conducting medium which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • the function of the spray tower is to perform a preliminary recovery of the DMFA.
  • the function of the exhaust gas recovery device is to collect the exhaust gas of the synthetic leather factory, which includes the process waste gas of the synthetic leather dry process line and the process waste gas of the synthetic leather post-treatment production line. Post-treatment such as modification, embossing, printing, crepe and other surface modification treatment.
  • the function of the exhaust gas filter is to filter out the solid particles carried by the gas; the function of the exhaust gas cooler is to cool the exhaust gas; the function of the activated carbon adsorption tank is to: adsorb the organic solvent or desorb the organic solvent according to the temperature of the gas; When entering the activated carbon adsorption tank, it enters the adsorption state; however, when the activated carbon particles are heated, the desorption state is entered.
  • the function of the vacuum suction device is to provide the power of the gas or gas-liquid mixture flow; the structure of the gas cooler and the exhaust gas cooler can be the same, and the effect is the same, the difference is that the position is different, resulting in different cooling. gas.
  • the structure of the spray absorption tower and the spray tower can be identical.
  • the function of the spray tower is for the preliminary recovery of DMFA, and the spray absorber further recovers the organic solvent including DMFA.
  • the role of the water-oil separator is to further remove moisture.
  • the method for adsorbing and recovering the waste gas of the synthetic leather factory by the activated carbon adsorption process is as follows: the exhaust gas of the synthetic leather dry process line is passed through the spray tower and then merged with the tail gas of the post-treatment production line into the tail gas recovery device, and the collected gas is passed through the gas. After the gas filter is filtered (filtering off the solids carried by the gas), after being cooled by the gas cooler, it is adsorbed into the activated carbon adsorption tank, and after the adsorption of the activated carbon adsorption tank is completed for 2-3 hours, the intake pipe of the activated carbon adsorption tank is closed for heating.
  • Desorption and condensation recovery process After the closure, the activated carbon adsorption tank is heated, the organic solvent adsorbed by the activated carbon particles is heated away from the activated carbon layer, and the negative pressure pumping device extracts the high concentration organic solvent gas-liquid mixture. Enter the gas cooler to cool and liquefy the gas, enter the spray absorption tower to fully condense and liquefy, recover the organic solvent as much as possible, and then recover the organic solvent that is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in water through the water oil separator. The solvent is reused in the production workshop according to the production needs, and the water and oil separator is produced. A small part of the sewage into the sewage treatment device for processing.
  • the apparatus and method have an organic solvent recovery rate of up to 95% by weight and a discharge VOCs concentration of ⁇ 250 ppm.
  • an apparatus for adsorbing and recovering waste gas from a synthetic leather factory comprises an exhaust gas recovery device, an exhaust gas filter, an exhaust gas cooler, an activated carbon adsorption tank, a vacuum distillation device, a gas cooler, and a spray.
  • the absorption tower and the water-oil separator, the dry process line of the synthetic leather factory, and the process waste gas of the post-treatment production line are collected into the exhaust gas recovery device through a pipeline, the activated carbon adsorption tank is equipped with activated carbon particles, and the activated carbon adsorption tank A heat transfer tube containing a heat transfer medium for heating the activated carbon particles is provided, and the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with a purge gas discharge port.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with two, and the two activated carbons are connected in parallel between the exhaust gas cooler and the negative pressure distillation device; and the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with switching valves at both ends thereof.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank located above is called the upper activated carbon adsorption tank, and the corresponding two switching valves are called the upper switching valve and the upper right switching valve; the activated carbon adsorption tank located below is called the lower activated carbon adsorption.
  • the tank, the corresponding two switching valves are called the left switching valve and the lower right switching valve;
  • the exhaust gas cooler and the gas cooler are each connected to a cooling pipe containing a cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium is cold water.
  • the heat pipe comprises a heat conducting medium and is thermally conductive through a heat conducting medium, which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • a heat conducting medium which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • the functions of the exhaust gas recovery device, the exhaust gas filter, the exhaust gas cooler, the activated carbon adsorption tank, the vacuum distillation unit, the gas cooler, the spray absorber, and the water-oil separator of the apparatus are as described in the first embodiment.
  • the process waste gas of the synthetic leather dry process line and the post-treatment production line are co-currently flowed into the exhaust gas recovery device, collected through the exhaust gas filter and the exhaust gas cooler, and then adsorbed into the activated carbon adsorption tank, after the adsorption of the activated carbon adsorption tank for 2-3 hours
  • the one end of the intake line is closed by the switching valve (for example, the upper left switching valve is closed) to be desorbed by the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer tube, and the organic solvent adsorbed by the activated carbon particles is heated away from the activated carbon layer to increase the activated carbon layer.
  • Activation and the gas or gas-liquid mixture is extracted by a vacuum distillation device, enters a gas cooler for cooling and liquefaction, and then fully absorbed by a spray absorption tower, and then enters a water-oil separator for oil-water separation to recover an organic solvent.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is desorbed, and the activated carbon adsorption tank is adsorbed, alternately operated, and can be switched back and forth through four switching valves, and is continuously operated 24 hours a day for recycling. It is also possible to simultaneously adsorb and simultaneously desorb, thereby making the recycling process more flexible. There is no need to stop the operation of the activated carbon granules of the activated carbon adsorption tank, and one of the activated carbon adsorption tanks can be operated without hindering the replacement and maintenance of another activated carbon adsorption tank.
  • the design treatment concentration of the present invention can be 3500 PPM, the total design flow rate can be 551 CMM@80 ° C, the organic solvent recovery rate is up to 98 wt%, and the emission VOCs concentration is ⁇ 250 ppm.
  • an apparatus for adsorbing and recovering waste gas from a synthetic leather factory comprises an exhaust gas recovery device, an exhaust gas filter, an exhaust gas cooler, an activated carbon adsorption tank, a vacuum pump, a gas cooler and a spray absorption tower.
  • the dry process line process waste gas and the post-treatment line process waste gas of the synthetic leather factory are collected into the exhaust gas recovery device through a pipeline, the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with activated carbon particles, and the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with heating particles for heating the activated carbon
  • a heat transfer tube containing a heat transfer medium, the activated carbon adsorption tank being provided with a purge gas discharge port.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is provided with two, two of the activated carbons are connected in parallel between the exhaust gas cooler and the vacuum pump; and two ends of the activated carbon adsorption tank are provided with a switching valve.
  • the vacuum pump shown may be one or two, and two activated carbon adsorption tanks are connected in series with a vacuum pump and connected in parallel, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the spray absorption tower is provided with an organic gas discharge port, and the organic gas discharge port is cyclically connected to the activated carbon adsorption tank.
  • the exhaust gas cooler and the gas cooler are each connected to a cooling pipe containing a cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium is cold water.
  • the heat pipe comprises a heat conducting medium and is thermally conductive through a heat conducting medium, which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • a heat conducting medium which may be a liquid heat conducting medium, such as a heat conducting oil; or a gas heat conducting medium, such as hot air.
  • the functions of the exhaust gas recovery device, the exhaust gas filter, the exhaust gas cooler, the activated carbon adsorption tank, the vacuum pump, the gas cooler, and the spray absorption tower of the apparatus are as described in the first embodiment.
  • the process waste gas of the synthetic leather dry process line and the post-treatment production line are co-currently flowed into the exhaust gas recovery device, collected through the exhaust gas filter and the exhaust gas cooler, and then adsorbed into the activated carbon adsorption tank, after the adsorption of the activated carbon adsorption tank for 2-3 hours
  • the one end of the intake line is closed by the switching valve (for example, the upper left switching valve is closed) to be desorbed by the heat transfer medium of the heat transfer tube, and the organic solvent adsorbed by the activated carbon particles is heated away from the activated carbon layer to increase the activated carbon layer.
  • Activation, and the gas or gas-liquid mixture is pumped out through a vacuum pump, enters a gas cooler for cooling and liquefaction, and is fully absorbed by a spray absorption tower to recover the organic solvent.
  • the activated carbon adsorption tank is desorbed, and the activated carbon adsorption tank is adsorbed, alternately operated, and can be switched back and forth through four switching valves, and is continuously operated 24 hours a day for recycling. It is also possible to simultaneously adsorb and simultaneously desorb, thereby making the recycling process more flexible. There is no need to stop the operation of the activated carbon granules of the activated carbon adsorption tank, and one of the activated carbon adsorption tanks can be operated without hindering the replacement and maintenance of another activated carbon adsorption tank.
  • the heat-conducting medium selects hot air
  • the hot air warming temperature is 80-110 ° C
  • the vacuum degree of 400-600 mmHg can be provided, and the activated carbon layer is heated at this temperature and the vacuum degree, and the organic solvent does not Decomposition occurs, greatly reducing the contamination of by-products due to decomposition of organic solvents.
  • the design treatment concentration of the present invention can be 3500 PPM, the total design flow rate can be 551 CMM@80 ° C, the organic solvent recovery rate is up to 98 wt%, and the emission VOCs concentration is ⁇ 250 ppm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法，装置包括依次连通的废气回收装置、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、抽气装置、气体冷却器和喷淋吸收塔。合成革厂的废气汇集至废气回收装置，然后进入废气冷却器冷却后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，封闭活性炭吸附罐并通过含有导热介质的导热管进行加热，使有机溶剂脱离活性炭颗粒，然后通过抽气装置抽出脱离的有机溶剂，然后该有机溶剂气体进入气体冷却器进行冷却液化，再经过喷淋吸收塔进行充分吸收，回收有机溶剂。有机溶剂回收率高， VOCs被大量收集供生产使用，安全无污染。

Description

一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法 一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法
技术领域
本发明涉及废气回收利用技术领域，具体涉及一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法。
背景技术
现有的合成革厂大部分只能够回收合成革制造设备尾气中的DMFA（二甲基甲酰胺），因为其与水无限互溶，易蒸馏，但尾气中的一部分不溶于水或者微溶于水的低沸点的有机溶剂，例如：乙酸甲酯（MAC）、乙酸乙酯（EAC）、乙酸丁酯(BAC)、环己酮(CYC)、甲苯（TOL）等有机溶剂没有回收到，并且这些都是挥发性有机物VOCS，而比较理想的处理方法都鲜有工业应用。有将这些含有大量挥发性有机物VOCS的尾气进行收集燃烧的处理方法，其采用与锅炉联用的方案进行燃烧，但此种处理方法缺点明显，消防安全问题明显，气体都是易燃易爆难于控制，并且燃烧温度要高，否则易产生二次污染，另外连带锅炉改造的制造费用昂贵。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的在于提供安全、无需燃烧、适用于工业运用、充分回收有机溶剂的一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法。
本发明的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置的技术方案如下：
一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，包括依次连通的废气回收装置、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、抽气装置、气体冷却器和喷淋吸收塔，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，所述活性炭吸附罐装有活性炭颗粒，所述所述活性炭吸附罐上设有用于给活性炭颗粒加热的含有导热介质的导热管，所述活性炭吸附罐设有净化气体排放口。
优选地，所述活性炭吸附罐设有两个，两个所述活性炭并联至废气冷却器和抽气装置之间；所述活性炭吸附罐的两端设有切换阀。
优选地，所述抽气装置为负压蒸馏装置、负压抽气装置或真空泵。
优选地，装置还包括水油分离器，所述水油分离器与喷淋吸收塔连通。
优选地，所述喷淋吸收塔设有有机气体排放口，所述有机气体排放口循环连通至所述活性炭吸附罐。
优选地，所述废气冷却器和所述气体冷却器均连接有含有冷却介质的冷却管。
优选地，装置还包括喷淋塔，所述喷淋塔与所述废气回收装置连通，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气经过喷淋塔后汇集至废气回收装置。
优选地，装置还包括废气过滤器，所述废气过滤器连通在所述废气回收装置和所述废气冷却器之间。
本发明的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法的技术方案如下：
一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法，包括如下步骤：
S1. 合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置；
S2. 废气回收装置的废气进入废气冷却器冷却后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，吸附后的净化气体从净化气体排放口排出；
S3. 活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，封闭活性炭吸附罐并通过含有导热介质的导热管进行加热，使活性炭颗粒吸附的有机溶剂经加热后脱离活性炭颗粒；
S4. 通过抽气装置抽出脱离的有机溶剂气体或气液混合物，然后该有机溶剂气体进入气体冷却器进行冷却液化，再经过喷淋吸收塔进行充分吸收，回收有机溶剂。
优选地，方法还包括S5.将有机溶剂进入水油分离器进行油水分离。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
1.现有的合成革干法生产线废气都是用水喷淋吸收，大量不溶于水的VOCs排放；应用本发明的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法，VOCs大
量收集，并且可以供生产使用；
2.本发明的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置和方法与传统的喷淋法区别有：第一、适用于各种挥发性有机溶剂；回收过程中，溶剂的水分得到保证，不会有大量溶剂污染有机溶剂，并且适合大部分的有机溶剂，包括乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等一些不溶于水的有机溶剂；第二、抽气装置使用负压蒸馏装置、负压抽气装置或真空泵，导热管的导热介质的导热温度适当，减少有机溶剂的高温分解的可能，不产生二次污染；第三、活性炭吸附法环保，耗材（活性炭颗粒）更换方便。
3.本装置和方法安全、无需燃烧装置和步骤即可充分回收有机溶剂，并适用于工业上的运用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的工艺流程图；
图2为实施例2的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的工艺流程图；
图3为实施例3的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例对本发明进行详细说明，但这些例举性实施方式的用途和目的仅用来例举本发明，并非对本发明的实际保护范围构成任何形式的任何限定，更非将本发明的保护范围局限于此。
实施例1
参见图1所示，一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，包括依次连通的喷淋塔、废气回收装置、废气过滤器、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、负压抽气装置、气体冷却器、喷淋吸收塔和水油分离器，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气先经喷淋塔后通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，所述活性炭吸附罐装有活性炭颗粒，所述所述活性炭吸附罐上设有用于给活性炭颗粒加热的含有导热介质的导热管，所述活性炭吸附罐设有净化气体排放口。
所述废气冷却器和所述气体冷却器均连接有含有冷却介质的冷却管。所述冷却介质如冷水。
所述导热管含有导热介质，通过导热介质导热，所述导热介质可以为液体导热介质，如导热油；也可以为气体导热介质，如热空气。
所述喷淋塔的作用在于进行初步的DMFA的回收。所述废气回收装置的作用在于专用于合成革厂废气的收集，该合成革厂废气废气包括合成革干法生产线的工艺废气和合成革后处理生产线的工艺废气。后处理如修饰、压花、印刷、揉纹等表面修饰后处理。废气过滤器的作用在于过滤掉气体携带的固体颗粒；废气冷却器的作用在于给废气进行冷却；活性炭吸附罐的作用在于：根据气体的温度来吸附有机溶剂或脱附有机溶剂；当冷却的气体进入活性炭吸附罐，则进入吸附状态；但给活性炭颗粒加热，则进入脱附状态。所述负压抽气装置的作用在于，提供气体或气液混合物流动的动力；气体冷却器与废气冷却器的结构可以一致，其作用也相同，不同在于，位置的不同，导致冷却的是不同的气体。所述喷淋吸收塔和喷淋塔的结构可以一致。喷淋塔的作用用于初步回收DMFA，喷淋吸收塔进一步回收包括DMFA在内的有机溶剂。水油分离器（或称油水分离器）的作用在于进一步除去水分。
参见图1所示，活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法如下：合成革干法生产线工艺废气经喷淋塔才与后处理生产线的尾气并流进入尾气回收装置，收集后的气体经气体经气体过滤器进行过滤后（过滤掉气体携带的固体），经气体冷却器冷却后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，封闭活性炭吸附罐的进气管路进行加热解吸以及冷凝回收的过程：封闭后对活性炭吸附罐进行加热，活性炭颗粒经加热后吸附的有机溶剂因为温度升高而脱离活性炭层，负压抽气装置将高浓度的有机溶剂气液混合物抽出，进入气体冷却器对气体进行冷却液化，进入喷淋吸收塔充分冷凝和液化，尽量回收有机溶剂，然后通过水油分离器，对不溶于水和微溶于水的有机溶剂进行回收，回收的有机溶剂根据生产需要回用到生产车间，而水油分离器产生的小部分污水则进入污水处理设备进行处理。
本装置和方法有机溶剂回收率高达95wt%，排放VOCs浓度<250ppm。
实施例2
参见图2所示，一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，包括依次连通的废气回收装置、废气过滤器、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、负压蒸馏装置、气体冷却器、喷淋吸收塔和水油分离器，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，所述活性炭吸附罐装有活性炭颗粒，所述所述活性炭吸附罐上设有用于给活性炭颗粒加热的含有导热介质的导热管，所述活性炭吸附罐设有净化气体排放口。
所述活性炭吸附罐设有两个，两个所述活性炭并联至废气冷却器和负压蒸馏装置之间；所述活性炭吸附罐的两端设有切换阀。以附图2为例，将位于上方的活性炭吸附罐称为上活性炭吸附罐，相应的两个切换阀称上左切换阀和上右切换阀；将位于下方的活性炭吸附罐称为下活性炭吸附罐，相应的两个切换阀称下左切换阀和下右切换阀；
所述废气冷却器和所述气体冷却器均连接有含有冷却介质的冷却管。所述冷却介质如冷水。
所述导热管含有导热介质，通过导热介质导热，所述导热介质可以为液体导热介质，如导热油；也可以为气体导热介质，如热空气。
装置的废气回收装置、废气过滤器、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、负压蒸馏装置、气体冷却器、喷淋吸收塔和水油分离器的作用参照实施例1的阐述。
参见图2所示，活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法如下：
合成革干法生产线工艺废气与后处理生产线的工艺废气并流进入废气回收装置，汇集经过废气过滤器以及废气冷却器后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，在活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，通过切换阀封闭一端进气管路（如将上左切换阀关闭）进行通过导热管的导热介质加热解吸，活性炭颗粒经加热后吸附的有机溶剂因为温度升高而脱离活性炭层，使活性炭层重新活化，而气体或气液混合物经负压蒸馏装置抽出，进入气体冷却器进行冷却液化，再经过喷淋吸收塔进行充分吸收，然后进入水油分离器进行油水分离，回收有机溶剂。
在喷淋吸收塔吸收的过程中，即便部分挥发性比较强的有机溶剂气体会进入到下活性炭吸附罐中的活性炭颗粒层，也会保证废气的完全吸收。上活性炭吸附罐进行脱附，下活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，交替工作，并可通过四个切换阀来回切换，实施一天24小时连续运行，从而循环使用。也可以同时吸附同时脱附，从而使回收处理方法更加灵活。也无需因为更换活性炭吸附罐的活性炭颗粒而停止运行，可以运行其中一个活性炭吸附罐，不妨碍另一个活性炭吸附罐更换维修。
本发明的设计处理浓度可在3500PPM,总设计流速可为551CMM@80℃，有机溶剂回收率高达98wt%，排放VOCs浓度<250ppm。
实施例3
参见图3所示，一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，包括依次连通的废气回收装置、废气过滤器、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、真空泵、气体冷却器和喷淋吸收塔，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，所述活性炭吸附罐装有活性炭颗粒，所述所述活性炭吸附罐上设有用于给活性炭颗粒加热的含有导热介质的导热管，所述活性炭吸附罐设有净化气体排放口。
所述活性炭吸附罐设有两个，两个所述活性炭并联至废气冷却器和真空泵之间；所述活性炭吸附罐的两端设有切换阀。
所示真空泵可以为一个，也可以分为两个，两个活性炭吸附罐分别串联一个真空泵后并联，可参见图3所示的那样。
所述喷淋吸收塔设有有机气体排放口，所述有机气体排放口循环连通至所述活性炭吸附罐。
所述废气冷却器和所述气体冷却器均连接有含有冷却介质的冷却管。所述冷却介质如冷水。
所述导热管含有导热介质，通过导热介质导热，所述导热介质可以为液体导热介质，如导热油；也可以为气体导热介质，如热空气。
装置的废气回收装置、废气过滤器、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、真空泵、气体冷却器和喷淋吸收塔的作用参照实施例1的阐述。
参见图3所示，活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法如下：
合成革干法生产线工艺废气与后处理生产线的工艺废气并流进入废气回收装置，汇集经过废气过滤器以及废气冷却器后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，在活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，通过切换阀封闭一端进气管路（如将上左切换阀关闭）进行通过导热管的导热介质加热解吸，活性炭颗粒经加热后吸附的有机溶剂因为温度升高而脱离活性炭层，使活性炭层重新活化，而气体或气液混合物经真空泵抽出，进入气体冷却器进行冷却液化，再经过喷淋吸收塔进行充分吸收，回收有机溶剂。
在喷淋吸收塔吸收的过程中，部分挥发性比较强的有机溶剂气体通过有机气体排放口进入到下活性炭吸附罐中的活性炭颗粒层，也会保证废气的完全吸收。上活性炭吸附罐进行脱附，下活性炭吸附罐进行吸附，交替工作，并可通过四个切换阀来回切换，实施一天24小时连续运行，从而循环使用。也可以同时吸附同时脱附，从而使回收处理方法更加灵活。也无需因为更换活性炭吸附罐的活性炭颗粒而停止运行，可以运行其中一个活性炭吸附罐，不妨碍另一个活性炭吸附罐更换维修。
本实施例导热介质选择热空气，热空气加温温度80-110℃，并且真空泵工作时，能提供400-600mmHg的真空度，在这温度以及真空度下对活性炭层进行加热，有机溶剂不会产生分解，大大减少因为有机溶剂分解而带来的副产物的污染。
本发明的设计处理浓度可在3500PPM,总设计流速可为551CMM@80℃，有机溶剂回收率高达98wt%，排放VOCs浓度<250ppm。
应当理解，这些实施例的用途仅用于说明本发明而非意欲限制本发明的保护范围。此外，也应理解，在阅读了本发明的技术内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动、修改和/或变型，所有的这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，包括依次连通的废气回收装置、废气冷却器、活性炭吸附罐、抽气装置、气体冷却器和喷淋吸收塔，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置，所述活性炭吸附罐装有活性炭颗粒，所述所述活性炭吸附罐上设有用于给活性炭颗粒加热的含有导热介质的导热管，所述活性炭吸附罐设有净化气体排放口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，所述活性炭吸附罐设有两个，两个所述活性炭并联至废气冷却器和抽气装置之间；所述活性炭吸附罐的两端设有切换阀。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，所述抽气装置为负压蒸馏装置、负压抽气装置或真空泵。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，还包括水油分离器，所述水油分离器与喷淋吸收塔连通。
  5. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，所述喷淋吸收塔设有有机气体排放口，所述有机气体排放口循环连通至所述活性炭吸附罐。
  6. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，所述废气冷却器和所述气体冷却器均连接有含有冷却介质的冷却管。
  7. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，还包括喷淋塔，所述喷淋塔与所述废气回收装置连通，合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气经过喷淋塔后汇集至废气回收装置。
  8. 如权利要求1-3任一所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的装置，其特征在于，还包括废气过滤器，所述废气过滤器连通在所述废气回收装置和所述废气冷却器之间。
  9. 一种活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1.合成革厂的干法生产线工艺废气和后处理生产线工艺废气通过管道汇集至所述废气回收装置；
    S2.废气回收装置的废气进入废气冷却器冷却后，进入活性炭吸附罐吸附，吸附后的净化气体从净化气体排放口排出；
    S3.活性炭吸附罐经过2-3小时吸附完毕后，封闭活性炭吸附罐并通过含有导热介质的导热管进行加热，使活性炭颗粒吸附的有机溶剂经加热后脱离活性炭颗粒；
    S4.通过抽气装置抽出脱离的有机溶剂气体或气液混合物，然后该有机溶剂气体进入气体冷却器进行冷却液化，再经过喷淋吸收塔进行充分吸收，回收有机溶剂。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的活性炭吸附回收处理合成革厂废气的方法，其特征在于，还包括S5.将有机溶剂进入水油分离器进行油水分离。
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