WO2017191061A1 - Light-emitting component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a light-emitting component comprising an emission side (2) via which light is emitted from the light-emitting component (10). The emission side (2) comprises multiple regions (2a), and a main surface normal (5) on the emission side (2) in each region (2a) corresponds to an emission direction of the respective region (2a). Main surface normals of at least two regions (2a) are oriented in different directions. The light-emitting component comprises an optical element (3) which is arranged downstream of the regions (2a) in the direction of the light emission of the region (2a), and the light emitted from the regions (2a) is oriented in a specified main emission direction (6) of the light-emitting component (10). The optical element (3) comprises multiple sub-regions (3a) which are paired with the regions (2a).

Description

description

Light-emitting component The invention relates to a light-emitting component.

The invention is based on the object

specify light emitting device, which is characterized by an improved efficiency of the radiation in a

specified direction.

This object is achieved by a light-emitting component according to the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are

Subject of the dependent claims.

According to one embodiment, the light-emitting component comprises a radiation side via which light is emitted from the light-emitting component, wherein the emission side comprises a plurality of regions and one

 Main surface normal to the emission side in each area corresponds to a radiation direction of the respective area, with main surface normals of at least two areas are directed in different directions.

The emission side has one for each area

Main surface normal, which corresponds to an alignment in the direction in which a majority of the amount of light is emitted from this area. Thus, with an uneven surface of the emission side, the

Although light can be emitted in different directions, however, it is possible to determine a direction in which most of the radiating surface of the respective area Light radiates. This direction is here as the

Radiation direction of the respective area referred to. The emission side therefore has at least two regions whose emission directions are different from each other. The emission side is advantageously at least partially uneven.

The light-emitting component comprises an optical

Element representing the areas in one direction

Light emission of the area is arranged downstream and the light emitted by the areas in a given light

 Aligns main emission of the light emitting device, wherein the optical element comprises a plurality of subregions, which are assigned to the areas. Without the optical element, each region would emit a large part of the luminous flux from this region into the emission direction characteristic of this region, which is not the same direction for at least two regions

would correspond. Due to the optical element, the

Alignment of the luminous flux of each area can be favorably influenced. In other words, the light from each area may advantageously be provided in one

Main emission direction of the entire light-emitting

Be aligned. In this case, through each subregion of the optical element advantageously the

 Radiation of the assigned area to be influenced. In this way, it is possible that a standard specification for a lighting, for example, a legally required

Minimum value for the light intensity is achieved in a particular main emission and an associated solid angle, although the light-emitting device has such areas of the emission side, the emission direction does not correspond to the intended main emission. The Radiation in the main emission direction, for example, rotationally symmetrical about an axis along the

Be main radiation. The subregions of the optical element advantageously have a differently strong alignment effect for the light radiated from the emission side. In this case, it is also conceivable that the regions also radiate different wavelengths, which can be achieved, for example, by converter elements arranged on the respective regions.

For areas whose emission direction already corresponds to the desired emission characteristic, the corresponding subregion can also have no aligning effect,

For example, it is also possible that no optical element is arranged in this area.

The optical element may comprise, for example, a controller by means of which the function of the subregions can be controlled. In addition, it is also possible that the radiation direction of an area by additional

Material layers is influenced in the light emitting device, such as by intermediate layers in a light emitting layer sequence of the light emitting device. The optical element may be

for example, lenses or a radiation shaping end

Umlenkoptik act.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the light-emitting component comprises

at least one curved OLED.

The OLED advantageously comprises a light-emitting

organic layer sequence with an active zone, wherein the OLED in operation advantageously radiates mainly over only one emission side. Alternatively, it can be a transparent OLED, so that light is also emitted on the side of the OLED opposite the emission side. Due to the curved appearance of the OLED and the emission side is bent and points in areas of the

Abstrahlseite each emission directions, which are oriented in different directions. It is

advantageous possible that multiple areas the same

Have emission.

The curved OLED advantageously comprises a predefined three-dimensional design. Advantageously, the three-dimensional radiation of the OLED can be arbitrarily controlled or at least advantageously influenced by the optical element. Thus, it is advantageously possible that, for example, in an arrangement with a plurality of identical curved OLEDs of the same three-dimensional design different

Radiation can be achieved by advantageous for each OLED another optical element with another

Radiation alignment is applied. That's it

advantageously possible identical OLEDs for different applications, in particular for automotive taillights, with

apply different radiation characteristics. The emission characteristics can advantageously be adapted to different standards and wishes. By using structurally identical OLEDs can advantageously be achieved cost savings, as for different

Abstrahlcharakteristika advantageous no different bending of the OLED is necessary. Alternatively, multiple OLEDs may include the same two-dimensional design and be bent into different three-dimensional shapes. This is then advantageous one Abstrahlcharakteristik adapted according to the three-dimensional shape by the optical element.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the curved OLED comprises a plurality of segments.

The curved OLED may advantageously have a layer structure which is structured in at least two segments. Advantageously, these segments may be operated independently of each other, for example, one segment may not emit light while at the same time other segments emit light. The segments may advantageously be spatially separated from each other. Thus, the OLED may comprise a plurality of segments on the same substrate, which abut each other directly or are spatially spaced. The segments may each comprise only one region of the emission side or multiple regions of the emission side per segment. It is also possible that a region of the emission side comprises only one segment or several segments.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, each partial area of the optical element is in each case unambiguous for one segment of the curved OLED

assigned.

In this case, exactly one region of the emission side is advantageously assigned to exactly one segment of the OLED, so that the associated partial region can bring about the intended orientation of the emission with respect to this region of the emission side.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, each subregion of the optical element is each one area of the emission side

assigned. By the one-to-one assignment can

be achieved advantageous that the emission of light of each area of the emission side can be individually aligned or influenced.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the curved OLED comprises a

light-emitting layer stack, and a

Radiation characteristic of the curved OLED is influenced by means of at least one layer in and / or on the layer stack.

Further, the radiation-influencing layers can be arranged in or on the layer stack in such a way that those directions of the light emission which would lead to a loss in the luminous flux in the intended emission characteristic are advantageously prevented. This can be done in accordance with the intended orientation through the optical element, wherein the OLED is advantageously constructed accordingly already during manufacture, so that the influence of the radiation of the areas by the structure of the layer stack in combination with the orientation by the optical element in complement their effect.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, a maximum value of that of all regions of the emission side of the light-emitting component is determined

radiated luminous flux emitted in the main emission direction and a distribution of the maximum value of

Luminous flux in a solid angle area around the

Main emission direction is asymmetrical. The luminous flux radiated by the light-emitting component has a maximum value, which after an alignment of the radiation by the optical element only in the main emission direction of the entire light-emitting

Component and advantageously in an adjacent predetermined solid angle range of the light-emitting

Component is radiated. In other words, can

advantageous within this solid angle range of

Luminous flux in an asymmetric distribution take the maximum value.

This can be achieved for example for motor vehicle lights regarding their legally required radiation characteristics in a certain solid angle to a preferred direction to the viewer. The preferred direction, the

Main emission of the light-emitting device correspond.

This makes it possible to use different radiation patterns

achieve. Although the luminous flux is advantageous at most in the main emission, but remains a proportion of

Radiation still in other directions, which can also be set and controlled selectively by the optical element.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the maximum value of the luminous flux emitted by all the regions and aligned by the optical element lies in a horizontal angle range of [-20 °, + 20 °] and a vertical angle range of [-10 °, + 10 °]. around the main radiation direction. The term "horizontal angle range" is to be understood as meaning an angle range which, for a viewer who looks at the light-emitting component opposite to the main emission direction, extends laterally to the left and to the right of the light source

Main emission extends. Under "vertical

 Angle range "is understood to mean an angular range which extends perpendicularly upwards or downwards from the main emission direction for a viewer who is looking at the light-emitting component counter to the main emission direction.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the optical element comprises an arrangement of microlenses. The microlenses can advantageously be arranged in a module. This can be a

Micro-optics, in particular to act a microlens array. A microlens array is advantageously suitable for the individual alignment of light of the different regions of the emission side. The microlenses can advantageously be individually controlled, for example by an electronic control in the light-emitting component.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the optical element is laminated, printed, or stamped onto the emission side. The printing takes place for example by means of an ink-jet process. The optical element can advantageously in this way the

Follow the surface course of the emission side, such as the curved OLED, and be applied to this after the OLED is already completed. Advantageously, the distances of all subregions of the corresponding areas of the emission side are the same size. Due to the mentioned processes, the optical element can advantageously be easily applied to the Abstrahlseite be applied and is preferably in solid mechanical contact with the emission side.

According to at least one embodiment, this includes

light-emitting component, for example, the curved OLED, a transparent substrate, which forms the emission side and in which the optical element is introduced or applied. The optical element can hereby

advantageous before the production of the light-emitting

Component be introduced or applied in the substrate or advantageously after the completion in the substrate or be applied. By means of the enclosure of the optical element in the substrate, a compact light-emitting component can advantageously be achieved. The

Light-emitting component with the substrate advantageously has a thickness of 10 ym to 200 ym, preferably a thickness of 25 ym to 105 ym, and more preferably a thickness of about 50 ym. In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the latter comprises a holder transparent to the radiated light, for example for the curved OLED, and the transparent holder comprises the optical element. The optical element can be enclosed in the transparent holder.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the subregions of the optical element are in alignment with that of the associated region

radiated light independently operable. The portions of the optical element, for example, by means of an electronic control in the

Functioning with respect to each area of the emission side - lo ^¬ their to be achieved beam alignment individually

adapted and controlled. Thus, each area can advantageously be influenced with regard to its emission characteristic.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, the optical element is arranged over the whole area on the emission side. The optical element covers

Advantageously, every area of the emission side,

For example, it completely covers the emission side.

 Advantageously, in this way each emitting region of the emission side in the emission direction of the

be influenced optical element. The optical element can advantageously continuously follow the topology of the emission side.

In accordance with at least one embodiment of the light-emitting component, it is a motor vehicle tail light. The areas of the emission side can advantageously emit red light. Furthermore, it is possible that the

light-emitting component comprises a plurality of OLEDs, which have the same or different radiation characteristics. Furthermore, the light-emitting component further elements, such as a converter element

include.

Further advantages, advantageous embodiments and

Further developments emerge from the following in

Compound described with the figures

Embodiments. Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 show embodiments of the light-emitting device in a schematic

Side view. FIG. 5 shows a diagram for an angle dependence of the emitted intensity of the light-emitting

Component.

Identical or equivalent elements are each provided with the same reference numerals in the figures. The components shown in the figures and the

 Size ratios of the components with each other are not to be considered as true to scale. FIG. 1 shows the light-emitting component 10 in a schematic side view. A curved OLED 1 has a radiating side 2, wherein the radiating side 2 is divided into a plurality of regions 2 a. The regions 2a may comprise a curved or flat surface.

Main surface normals 5 on the emission side 2 of the regions 2a correspond to a completely flat region

advantageous the emission direction of this area. In the case of a curved area, this also has one

Main surface normal 5 on, however, the areas B and C each have a different direction of radiation than the areas A and D. The entire OLED 1, a

Main emission direction 6 are assigned, which is depending on the application in the direction of a viewer. It is also possible for areas B, C and D, whose main surface normal 5 does not point in the direction of the main emission direction 6 of FIG

directed light emitting device 6 are emitting a portion of the light in the main emission direction 6. Therefore, these areas contribute to the overall in the Main emission direction 6 radiated luminous flux, which is the case even after alignment by an optical element 3. To the radiated luminous flux in a

Predefined Hauptabstrahlrichtung 6 advantageous to

Enlarge or influence that includes

Light-emitting device 10, an optical element 3, which is arranged on the emission side 2 of the OLED 1. The optical element 3 comprises subareas 3 a, which comprise the

Areas 2a are advantageously assigned one uniquely. The optical element 3 may advantageously be a

Act microlens array. The optical element 3 is

Advantageously arranged over the entire surface on the radiating side 2 and covers these advantageous complete, whereby the

Radiation of each area 2a of the radiation side 2 can be influenced by the optical element. This makes it possible that the luminous flux of the light-emitting

Component 10 is enlarged in the main emission direction 6. FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a cross section through the light-emitting component 10 according to an exemplary embodiment. The light-emitting component 10 comprises an OLED 1, which comprises segments 1a. In FIG. 2, the OLED 1 is not yet bent for the time being

State shown. The segments la can after the

 Aligning the radiated light through the optical

Element 3 is an angular dependence of the radiation

For example, according to the areas A, B and C have from the figure 5, after which each area of the emission side of a

Maximum value of the emitted light intensity and this maximum value is radiated in a direction at an angle to the main surface normal to this area according to Figure 5 from the respective area. Everyone is here Subarea 3a of the optical element 3 each associated with a segment la of the OLED 1. The segments 1a of the OLED 1 each comprise an organic layer sequence 4a, which are arranged on a substrate 4, wherein all the segments 1a

are advantageously arranged on the same substrate 4. The segments 1a can be operated individually and independently of one another and are advantageously arranged laterally spaced from one another. Each segment 1 a comprises at least one region of the emission side 2. It is possible for a segment 1 a to comprise a plurality of regions of the emission side; for example, FIG. 2 shows that a segment 1 a comprises two regions of the emission side to which one segment 1 a

Abstrahlcharakteristik according to the areas A and B of Figure 5 is generated by the optical element 3.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of FIG

light emitting device 10 according to a

 Embodiment, wherein the light emitting device 10 comprises an OLED 1 and advantageously a substrate 4, on which an organic layer sequence 4a of the OLED. 1

is arranged. The substrate 4 is advantageously transparent to the light to be emitted by the OLED 1, the side of the substrate 4 facing away from the organic layer sequence 4 a representing the emission side 2 of the OLED 1. The substrate 4 advantageously comprises the optical element 3, which

is advantageously introduced during or before the production of the OLED 1 in the substrate 4. For example, the optical element 3 is introduced into the substrate 4 before the layer sequence 4a is arranged on the substrate 4. The partial regions 3 a of the optical element 3 are advantageously arranged on a side of the substrate 4 facing away from the organic layer sequence 4 a. The sections 3a point

advantageous different aligning effects on the radiated light on. The partial regions 3 a can align light from regions of the emission side with an angle dependence according to B and C from FIG. 5. For areas in which no alignment is necessary, for example a region A according to FIG. 5, no partial area of the optical component is advantageously necessary. In this area, only the substrate material forms the emission side 2.

Alternatively, the optical element 3 can also be introduced into or applied to the substrate 4 only after the completion of the OLED 1.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of the light-emitting component 10, for example with an OLED 1, with an optical element 3, wherein a holder transparent to the light emitted by the OLED 1 advantageously comprises the optical element 3. The optical element 3 may be applied to the holder 7 or enclosed in this and the OLED 1 follow in a direction of light emission. In this way, the OLED 1 can be held by the holder 7 in the light-emitting component and the emission characteristic, advantageously with respect to the main emission direction 6, be adapted, for example, to a standard specification. The optical element 3 can advantageously be arranged on one side of the holder 7, which faces the OLED 1. It is also possible that the optical element 3 is arranged on one side of the holder 7, which is facing away from the OLED 1. Alternatively, it is also possible that the optical element 3 is a part of the holder 7 and is enclosed in this.

FIG. 5 shows a diagram of an angle dependence of the regions of the emission side of the light-emitting Component, in particular a bent OLED radiated normalized light intensity. Here, each of the areas A, B and C has a maximum value of radiated

Light intensity in this area, which in one

Angle to the main surface normal to this area according to the figure 5 is emitted. For a range A of

Radiating side is assumed here that the

Radiation direction of the area A, and thus a

Main surface normal to this area, already in the direction of the viewer, and an optical element causes only a slight or no alignment of the radiated light in the area A. The area B shines after one

Alignment of the emitted light a maximum value of the light intensity at an angle of about 35 ° to its main surface normal from. The region C radiates a maximum value of the light intensity at an angle of about 55 ° to its main surface normal after alignment of the radiated light. The radiation direction of all areas A, B and C is thus advantageously rectified. In other words, the radiation of a maximum value of the

radiated light intensity is advantageously directed to the same observer for each area.

The areas of the emission side also have a radiation in other angular ranges, in particular radiates the

Area A at an angle of about 42 ° to

Main surface normal still accounted for 25% of the

Maximum value of the light intensity from which under one

Angle of 0 ° to the main surface normal is radiated.

The invention is not limited by the description based on the embodiments of these. Rather, the invention includes every new feature as well as any combination of Features, which includes in particular any combination of features in the claims, even if this feature or this combination itself is not explicitly in the

Claims or embodiments is given.

This patent application claims the priority of German Patent Application 102016108111.6, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

Reference sign list

1 OLED

la Segment of the OLED

 2 emission side

 2a areas of the radiating side

 3 optical element

 3a partial area of the optical element

4 substrate

 4a organic layer sequence

 5 main surface normals

 6 main emission direction

 7 bracket

 10 light-emitting component

A range of the radiation side

 B Area of the radiation side

 C area of the radiating side

 D Area of the radiation side

Claims

claims 1. Light-emitting component (10) comprising  a radiation side (2) via which light is radiated out of the light-emitting component (10), the emission side (2) comprising a plurality of regions (2a) and a main surface normal (5) on the emission side (2) in each region (2a) Radiation direction of the respective area corresponds, wherein main surface normal (5) of at least two areas (2a) are directed in different directions, and  - An optical element (3), which is arranged downstream of the regions (2a) in a direction of a light emission of the region (2a) and the light emitted by the regions (2a) in a predetermined  Main emission direction (6) of the light emitting device (10) aligns, wherein the optical element (3) comprises a plurality of subregions (3a), which are associated with the regions (2a). 2. Light-emitting component (10) after the  previous claim,  in which the light-emitting component (10) comprises a curved OLED (1). 3. Light-emitting component (10) after the  previous claim,  in which the curved OLED (1) comprises a plurality of segments (1a). Light-emitting component (10) according to previous claim, each subregion (3a) of the optical element is in each case uniquely associated with a segment (1a) of the curved OLED. 5. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of  previous claims,  each subregion (3a) of the optical element is in each case uniquely associated with a region (2a) of the emission side (2). 6. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of  Claims 2 to 5,  in which the curved OLED (1) comprises a light-emitting layer stack (4a) and a  Radiation characteristic of the curved OLED (1) by means of at least one layer in and / or on the  Layer stack is affected. 7. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of  previous claims,  in which a maximum value of the luminous flux emitted by the light-emitting component (10) into the  Main emission direction (6) is radiated and a distribution of the maximum value of the luminous flux in a solid angle range around the main emission direction (6) is asymmetrical. 8. Light emitting device (10) after the  previous claim,  in which the maximum value of the luminous flux emitted by all the regions (2a) and aligned by the optical element (3) is horizontal Angular range of [-20 °; + 20 °] and a vertical one Angular range of [-10 °; + 10 °] around the Main emission direction (6) is located. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the optical element (3) comprises an array of microlenses. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the optical element (3) is laminated on the emission side (2), printed, or stamped. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the light-emitting component (10) comprises a transparent substrate (4), which comprises the Abstrahlseite (2) forms and in which the optical element (3) is introduced or applied. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the light-emitting component (10) comprises a holder (7) which is transparent to the emitted light, the transparent holder (7) comprising the optical element (3). Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims, in which the subareas (3a) of the optical element (3) for an orientation of the light emitted by the associated region (2a) of the emission side (2) can be operated independently of one another. 14. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims,  in which the optical element (3) is arranged over the whole area on the emission side (2). 15. Light-emitting component (10) according to one of the preceding claims,  which is a vehicle rear light, vehicle brake light, or car turn signals.