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WO2017185951A1 - 一种视频传输方法、基站及系统 - Google Patents

一种视频传输方法、基站及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017185951A1
WO2017185951A1 PCT/CN2017/079328 CN2017079328W WO2017185951A1 WO 2017185951 A1 WO2017185951 A1 WO 2017185951A1 CN 2017079328 W CN2017079328 W CN 2017079328W WO 2017185951 A1 WO2017185951 A1 WO 2017185951A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
video
user equipment
base station
code rate
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/079328
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪其玲
张长
周国华
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2017185951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017185951A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
    • H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1221—Wireless traffic scheduling based on age of data to be sent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1273—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of downlink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a video transmission method, a base station, and a system.
  • the scheduling algorithm is mainly used to perform corresponding scheduling to avoid the problem of air interface resources being tight, so as to eliminate the stutter phenomenon in video playback.
  • the main scheduling algorithms have the largest signal-to-interference ratio (English full name: Maximum Carrier to Interference ratio, English abbreviation: Max C/I), round robin (English full name: Round Robin, English abbreviation: RR) and proportional fairness (English full name: Proportional Fair, English abbreviation: PF).
  • the existing scheduling algorithm ignores the characteristics of the video service itself, that is, the video service uses the video segmentation as an independent unit to request transmission in the network, and the average bit rate in the video segmentation time obviously fluctuates, and the segmentation duration is more Short, the larger the peak-to-valley difference, that is, the amount of data of different video segments is significantly different.
  • the data volume of the video segment of the video service is significantly different, for the video segment with a large amount of data, more air interface resources are needed, and according to the existing scheduling algorithm, the video segment of different data volume is allocated. The air interface resources are the same.
  • the existing scheduling algorithm is not enough to support the playback of video segments with a large amount of data, which is often prone to occur and affect the viewing experience. .
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a video transmission method, a base station, and a system, which can allocate air interface resources according to the code rate information of the video segment of the video source and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment. Reduce the phenomenon of stagnation.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a video transmission method, including:
  • the existing scheduling algorithm ignores the characteristics of the video service itself, that is, there is a significant difference in the amount of data between video segments.
  • the present invention proposes a video transmission scheme based on rate prediction of video segmentation, including:
  • the base station acquires code rate information of the video segment of the video source
  • the base station schedules air interface resources according to the code rate information and/or adjusts a scheduling priority of the user equipment
  • the base station according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment
  • the video source is sent to the user equipment.
  • the code rate information is average code rate information of the video segment, or the code rate information is data volume information of the video segment and duration information of the video segment for playing.
  • the base station acquires the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, and the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment, and balances the air interface resources of the user equipment by scheduling, so that the user equipment can receive the device better.
  • the video source which reduces the stuttering phenomenon when the user device transmits the video source.
  • the acquiring, by the base station, the code rate information of the video segment of the video source includes: receiving, by the base station, the first signaling of the code rate information of the video segment of the video source that is sent by the core network device
  • the code rate information is code rate information obtained by the core network device by using historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is a gateway of the core network where the core network device is located. Detecting rate information obtained by the video source; or the code rate information is code rate information obtained by the core network device from a video server;
  • the acquiring, by the base station, the code rate information of the video segment of the video source includes: receiving, by the base station, the second signaling that is sent by the user equipment and that carries the code rate information of the video segment of the video source.
  • the code rate information is code rate information obtained by the user equipment interacting with the video server by using application layer signaling;
  • the code rate information obtained by the core network device by using the historical transmission information of the video source is calculated by the core network device to save the code rate information of the video segment of the known first video source.
  • the second video source of the code rate information of the new unknown video segment matching the data amount information of the transmitted video segments with the data amount information of the known video segment, if the matching degree is greater than
  • the preset threshold is used to determine that the first video source and the second video source are the same video source.
  • the historical transmission information of the same video source is used to obtain a code rate. information.
  • the triggering condition of the foregoing first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average rate, reaching a threshold or exceeding a threshold, and the current instantaneous code rate is lower than or Above an absolute threshold.
  • the code rate information is average rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is a plurality of video segments of the video source. Average rate information in a preset time; or, the code rate information is average rate information of a video file of the video source.
  • the base station acquires code rate information of a video segment of the video source, where The base station receives the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source sent by the video server; or the base station acquires the average code of each video segment of the video source by using the deep packet detection media description file MPD. Rate information, the average code rate information of each video segment of the video source is added to the MPD; or the base station receives the MPD sent by the core network device; the base station acquires the MPD The average bit rate information for each video segment of the video source.
  • the base station before the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment, includes: determining, by the base station, the code of the video source according to the code rate information. Rate distribution information; the base station determines a data margin in a video buffer of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the acquired amount of video data received by the user equipment, and a corresponding receiving duration; the base station Determining the location based on the data margin The cache duration of the user equipment;
  • the scheduling, by the base station, the air interface resource according to the code rate information, and/or the scheduling priority of the user equipment includes: the base station scheduling the air interface resource according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, and/or adjusting the user equipment. Scheduling priority.
  • the scheduling, by the base station, the air interface resource according to the code rate information and the buffer duration includes:
  • the base station Determining, by the base station, whether the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source according to the code rate information and the buffer duration; when the base station determines that the user equipment is playing the video source When a carton occurs in the process, the base station allocates air interface resources to the user equipment.
  • the rate information and the buffer duration determine whether the user equipment will be stuck in the future. If the user equipment is stuck in the future, the base station allocates air interface resources to the user equipment in advance to avoid the occurrence of the card.
  • the method further includes: determining, by the base station, the amount of data of the video segment and the duration of playable according to the code rate distribution information.
  • the base station can use the data volume of the predicted video segment and the duration of the playable video as one of the reference for adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment and scheduling the air interface resource.
  • the air interface resource is video data that is sent by the video server
  • the base station allocates air interface resources to the user equipment, where the base station sends a video data request to the video server;
  • the base station receives video data fed back by the video server;
  • the base station allocates the received video data to the user equipment; or the base station notifies the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server,
  • the user equipment is caused to receive video data fed back by the video server.
  • the base station wants to allocate the idle air interface resource allocation base station to determine the user equipment that will be stuck in the future, and the video server needs to deliver the video data.
  • the method further includes: the base station receiving, by the user equipment, a core network device, or a video server, operation information of the user equipment on the video source, where the operation information includes At least one of pause operation, jump behavior, replay, and drag playback.
  • the invention is further improved.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a code rate adjustment method, including:
  • the base station acquires related information of the video stream transmission
  • the base station triggers an adjustment command of the video stream rate according to the related information transmitted by the video stream;
  • the related information of the video stream transmission includes one or more of the following: a packet loss rate, a block error rate, a retransmission times, a packet delay, a throughput rate, an average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, and a sub-division rate.
  • a method for triggering an adjustment command of a video stream rate according to related information transmitted by a video stream is provided, and the bit rate is adjusted, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source and reduce the jamming phenomenon.
  • the adjustment command of the video stream rate is an adjustment command of the request information of the video stream rate
  • the method further includes: the base station is configured to carry the adjusted code rate of the video stream.
  • the signaling of the request information is sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream rate to the video server by using application layer signaling; or the base station will carry the adjusted
  • the signaling of the video stream rate request information is sent to the core network device, so that the core network device sends the signaling to the video server.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the base station, video segmentation request signaling sent by a user equipment; and determining, by the base station, the requested by the user equipment according to the video segmentation request signaling Whether the data volume of the video segment is greater than a preset threshold; if the data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold, the base station modifies the video segment request signaling; the base station will modify The video segmentation request signaling is sent to the video server.
  • the base station adjusts the code rate by modifying the video segmentation request signaling.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to obtain code rate information of a video segment of a video source
  • a processing module configured to schedule air interface resources according to the code rate information, and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment
  • a sending module configured to send the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the acquiring module obtains the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, and the processing module schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment is better.
  • the video source is received, thereby reducing the stuttering phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • the acquiring module is specifically configured to receive, by the core network device, first signaling of rate information of a video segment carrying a video source, where the code rate information is the core network.
  • the code rate information obtained by the device by using the historical transmission information of the video source, or the code rate information is a code rate information obtained by the gateway of the core network where the core network device is located, by using the deep packet to detect the video source;
  • the code rate information is rate information obtained by the core network device from the video server; and the code rate information of each video segment of the video source is obtained according to the first signaling.
  • the acquiring module is specifically configured to receive, by the user equipment, second signaling that carries rate information of each video segment of the video source, where the code rate information is Rate information obtained by the user equipment interacting with the video server by using application layer signaling; and acquiring rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
  • the code rate information is average rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is a plurality of video segments of the video source. Average rate information in a preset time; or, the code rate information is average rate information of a video file of the video source.
  • the acquiring module is specifically configured to: when the code rate information is average rate information of each video segment of the video source, receive a video source sent by the video server. Average rate information of each video segment; or, by means of a deep packet detection media description file MPD, obtaining average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source, where the video source is added to the MPD Average bit rate information for each video segment; or, Receiving, by the core network device, the MPD sent by the core network device, and acquiring average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
  • the base station further includes: a first determining module, configured to: before the processing module schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment, according to the code
  • the rate information is used to determine the code rate distribution information of the video source, and the data in the video buffer of the user equipment is determined according to the code rate distribution information, the acquired amount of video data received by the user equipment, and the corresponding receiving duration.
  • a margin determining a cache duration of the user equipment according to the data margin;
  • the processing module is specifically configured to schedule air interface resources according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the processing module includes: a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, whether the user equipment will appear in the process of playing the video source And an allocating unit, configured to allocate an air interface resource to the user equipment when the determining unit determines that the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source.
  • the base station further includes: a second determining module, configured to determine, according to the code rate distribution information, a data amount of the video segment and a duration of playable.
  • the air interface resource is video data that is sent by the video server
  • the allocation unit is specifically configured to send a video data request to the video server, and receive a video that is fed back by the video server.
  • Data data is allocated to the user equipment; or specifically, the user equipment is notified to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
  • the acquiring module is further configured to receive operation information of the user equipment, the video source, and the video server sent by the user equipment, where the operation information includes a suspension. At least one of an operation, a jump behavior, a replay, and a drag playback.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a base station, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to acquire related information of a video stream transmission
  • a triggering module configured to trigger an adjustment command of a video stream rate according to the related information of the video stream transmission
  • a first sending module configured to send the adjustment command of the video stream rate to a user equipment, a core network device, or a video server;
  • the related information of the video stream transmission includes one or more of the following: a packet loss rate, a block error rate, a retransmission times, a packet delay, a throughput rate, an average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, and a sub-division rate.
  • bit rate is adjusted so that the user equipment can better receive the video source and reduce the jamming phenomenon.
  • the adjustment command of the video stream rate is an adjustment command of the request information of the video stream rate
  • the first sending module is further configured to: And signaling the request information to the user equipment, so that the user equipment sends the adjusted request information of the video stream rate to the video server by using application layer signaling; or, Signaling of request information of the video stream rate after the video stream rate
  • the core network device is caused to cause the core network device to send the signaling to the video server.
  • the base station further includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive video segmentation request signaling sent by the user equipment
  • a determining module configured to determine, according to the video segmentation request signaling, whether a data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold
  • a processing module configured to determine, by the determining module, that the user equipment requests The data segmentation of the video segment is greater than a preset threshold, and the video segmentation request signaling is modified.
  • the second sending module is configured to send the modified video segmentation request signaling to the video server.
  • the processing module adjusts the code rate by modifying the video segmentation request signaling.
  • a fifth aspect of the present invention provides a video transmission system, including:
  • a video server a base station, and a user equipment
  • the video server is configured to send a video source to the base station
  • the base station is configured to receive the video source, acquire the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, schedule the air interface resource according to the code rate information, and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment;
  • the air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment sends the video source to the user equipment;
  • the user equipment receives the video source.
  • the base station is further configured to receive, by the user equipment, a core network device, or a video server, operation information of the user equipment on the video source, where the operation information includes a pause operation, a jump At least one of a turn behavior, a replay, and a drag play.
  • the invention is further improved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has the following advantages: the base station acquires the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, and the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment to balance The air interface resource of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can receive the video source better, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a video transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a video transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a code rate adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a video server according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a video transmission method, a base station, and a system, which can allocate air interface resources according to the code rate information of the video segment of the video source and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment. Reduce the phenomenon of stagnation.
  • the system architecture of the video transmission method of the present invention is described below.
  • the technology described in the present invention can be applied to the third generation mobile communication network (English name: The third Generation Mobile Telecommunication, English abbreviation: 3G), 4G and future 5G communication systems, and/or other wireless communication systems using various wireless access technologies, such as code division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, time division multiple access, orthogonal frequency division A system of multiple access, single carrier frequency division multiple access and other access technologies.
  • the system architecture of the video transmission method of the present invention may be the architecture shown in FIG. 1.
  • the video server involved in FIG. 1 refers to a request for opening a network port, receiving a client software connection through a network port, and establishing a connection according to the request.
  • the act of exchanging data with the client software through the connection and exchanging data with the client software through the connection is called a "service.”
  • the base station involved in FIG. 1 is a base station in Long Term Evolution (English term: Long Term Evolution, English abbreviation: LTE), and is mainly responsible for radio resource management, QoS management, data compression, and encryption on the air interface side.
  • the user equipment (English name: User Equipment, English abbreviation: UE) involved in FIG. 1 is a device in the LTE that accesses the network side through a base station, and may be, for example, a handheld terminal, a notebook computer, or other devices that can access the network.
  • an embodiment of a video transmission method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the base station acquires code rate information of a video segment of the video source.
  • the video source is requested to be transmitted in the network by using video segmentation as an independent unit.
  • the base station needs to acquire first.
  • the code rate information of the video segment of the video source that is, the code rate information of the video segmentation of the video source is opened to the base station, and then corresponding scheduling is performed.
  • the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is average bit rate information of multiple video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, a code rate The information is the average bit rate information of the video file of the video source.
  • the embodiment is illustrated by a video source, and may be used in other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the at least one video source is used for example, that is, the code rate information of each video segment of the multiple video sources is open to the base station, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the code rate information includes average rate information of the video segment, or the code rate information includes data amount information of the video segment and duration information of the video segment that is playable.
  • the base station obtains the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, including:
  • the base station receives the MPD sent by the core network device; the base station acquires average rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD.
  • the specific type of the core network device is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station schedules air interface resources according to the code rate information and/or adjusts a scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the base station after the base station acquires the code rate information of each video segment of the video source, the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the air interface resource is preferentially sent to the user equipment, so that the user equipment receives the video source better; if the scheduling priority of a user equipment is adjusted, the scheduling priority is The level has dropped, indicating that this user equipment will not be stuck in the future, and more air interface resources can be allocated to other user equipments that may appear to be stuck in the future.
  • the base station may schedule the air interface resource and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to at least one of a data margin, a current air interface capability, and a certain bandwidth transmission rate in the video buffer.
  • data margin in the above video buffer can be replaced by the cache duration in the following.
  • the transmission rate of the foregoing certain bandwidth may be that the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server may request the base station to provide a certain bandwidth transmission rate in a future period by signaling.
  • the base station obtains the utilization of the air interface resource according to the air interface capability.
  • the base station may determine, according to the code rate information, that the base station may be in the future.
  • the base station may allocate air interface resources to the user equipment that may be stuck in the future; or when the air interface resources are relatively tight, the base station may determine, according to the code rate information, that the card not served in the cell served by the base station will not appear in the future time period.
  • the base station can reduce the scheduling priority of the user equipment that does not appear to be stuck in the future for a certain period of time, and improve the scheduling priority of the user equipment that may be stuck in the future. It can be understood that, by scheduling the air interface resources and/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment, the user equipment balances the air interface resources of the user equipment before transmitting the corresponding video source, which obviously reduces the number of jams and the jam time. .
  • the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the base station acquires the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, and the base station allocates the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment is better.
  • the receiving video source reduces the stuttering phenomenon when the user device transmits the video source.
  • another embodiment of a video transmission method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the base station acquires code rate information of a video segment of the video source.
  • the video source is requested to be transmitted in the network by using video segmentation as an independent unit.
  • the base station needs to acquire first.
  • the code rate information of the video segment of the video source that is, the code rate information of the video segmentation of the video source is opened to the base station, and then corresponding scheduling is performed.
  • the code rate information of the video segment obtained by the base station to obtain the video source includes:
  • the base station receives the first signaling of the rate information of each video segment of the video source that is sent by the core network device, where the rate information is the rate information obtained by the core network device by using the historical transmission information of the video source; Or the code rate information is code rate information obtained by the gateway of the core network where the core network device is located, and the code rate information is obtained by the core network device from the video server;
  • the base station acquires rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
  • the code rate information obtained by the core network device by using the historical transmission information of the video source is: the core network device saves the code rate information of the video segment of the known first video source, When transmitting the second video source of the code rate information of the new unknown video segment, matching the data amount information of the transmitted video segments with the data amount information of the known video segment, if the matching degree is greater than
  • the preset threshold is used to determine that the first video source and the second video source are the same video source. After determining that the first video source and the second video source are the same video source, the historical transmission information of the same video source is used to obtain a code rate. information.
  • the triggering condition of the foregoing first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaching the threshold or exceeding the threshold, and the current instantaneous code rate is lower than: Or above an absolute threshold.
  • the application layer signaling may be a hypertext transfer protocol (English name: Hypertext Transfer Protocol, English abbreviation: HTTP) command, real-time transmission control protocol (English full name: Real-time Transport Control Protocol, English abbreviation: RTCP
  • the command can also be other commands, which are not limited here.
  • the second signaling may be a radio resource control (English name: Radio Resource Control, English abbreviation: RRC), and may be other types of signaling, which is not limited herein.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the base station determines, according to the code rate information, code rate distribution information of the video source.
  • the base station may obtain a fluctuation diagram of the code rate of each video segment according to the code rate information, and obtain a code rate distribution by reading a fluctuation pattern of the code rate of each video segment with time. information.
  • the base station determines, according to the code rate distribution information, the acquired amount of video data received by the user equipment, and the corresponding receiving duration, a data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment.
  • the base station determines the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment according to the obtained video data quantity received by the user equipment and the corresponding receiving duration.
  • the user equipment may send the received video data amount and the corresponding receiving duration to the base station by means of signaling.
  • the user equipment may play other one or more video sources or cache other one or more video sources before receiving the video source. It is assumed that before the user equipment receives the video source, the user equipment is playing the first target video source and the second target video source is cached, and the first target video source has been played for 5 minutes, and the first target video source is played for 5 minutes.
  • the amount of data if buffered to the 20th minute of the first video source, combined with the code rate distribution information, the amount of data of the first target video source received by the user equipment is obtained, within 5 minutes of the first target video source being played,
  • the second target video source is buffered to the 15th minute, and combined with the code rate distribution information, the data amount of the second target video source received by the user equipment is obtained, and the data amount of the first target video source and the data amount of the second target video source are obtained. Summing, obtaining the sum of the data amount, subtracting the total amount of data minus the amount of data corresponding to the first target video source for 5 minutes, and obtaining the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment.
  • the base station determines, according to the data margin, a buffer duration of the user equipment.
  • the buffer duration is the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment in the time dimension, which is different from the data margin in the video buffer in the prior art, and the user equipment can be estimated by using the buffer duration in the present invention. How long the data margin in the video buffer can be played, rather than how many Mbits or Kbits of data in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adopts the data margin in the video buffer in the time dimension as a reference for the scheduling of the subsequent base station, which is more intuitive and accurate.
  • step 203 and step 204 may be combined and replaced by: determining, by the base station, the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the acquired data quantity received by the user equipment, and the corresponding receiving duration. The length of the cache.
  • the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, and/or adjusts the scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the base station may allocate the air interface resource and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment according to the current air interface capability, the code rate information, and the buffer duration.
  • the base station schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and the buffer duration:
  • the base station determines, according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, whether the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source;
  • the base station determines that the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source, the base station allocates air interface resources to the user equipment.
  • the base station can determine the video segmentation rate peak-to-valley information according to the code rate information, and measure the video buffer status (ie, the buffer duration) of the user equipment in the cell and the future video segmentation code when the air interface resource is relatively idle.
  • the peak-to-valley information is pre-allocated to the user equipment in the case where it is judged that the user equipment will be stuck in the future.
  • it also includes:
  • the base station determines the data amount of the video segment and the length of time available for playing according to the code rate distribution information.
  • the base station can predict the data volume of the video segment and the duration of the video segment that can be played according to the code rate distribution information.
  • the base station may use the data volume of the predicted video segment and the duration of the playable video as one of the reference for adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment and scheduling the air interface resource.
  • the air interface resource is the video data delivered by the video server, and the base station allocates an air interface to the user equipment.
  • Resources include:
  • the base station sends a video data request to the video server
  • the base station allocates the received video data to the user equipment; or,
  • the base station notifies the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
  • the present invention further includes: receiving, by the base station, operation information of the user equipment sent by the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server to the video source, where the operation information includes at least a pause operation, a jump behavior, a replay, and a drag play.
  • the base station receives, by the base station, operation information of the user equipment sent by the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server to the video source, where the operation information includes at least a pause operation, a jump behavior, a replay, and a drag play.
  • the base station sends the video source to the user equipment according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the base station balances the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • an embodiment of a code rate adjustment method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the base station acquires related information of the video stream transmission.
  • the related information of the video stream transmission includes one or more of the following: a packet loss rate, a block error rate, a retransmission times, a packet delay, a throughput rate, an average transmission in a segment or a first preset time.
  • the base station triggers an adjustment command of the video stream rate according to the related information transmitted by the video stream.
  • the base station After acquiring the related information of the video stream transmission, the base station triggers the video stream rate adjustment command according to the related information.
  • the video stream rate adjustment command is an adjustment command of the request information of the video stream rate, and further includes:
  • the base station sends signaling of the requested information of the adjusted video stream rate to the core network device, so that the core network device sends the signaling to the video server.
  • the user equipment After the user equipment receives the signaling of the request information of the adjusted video stream rate, the user equipment acquires the adjusted request information of the video stream rate of the signaling bearer, and the user The device sends the adjusted request information of the video stream rate to the video server by using application layer signaling.
  • the core network device forwards the signaling to the video server, and after receiving the signaling, the video server obtains the signal. And requesting the adjusted request information of the video stream rate according to the adjusted request information of the video stream rate to perform video segmentation.
  • it also includes:
  • the base station modifies the video segmentation request signaling according to the obtained judgment result of the access segment to the video segmentation request information, and sends the modified video segmentation request signaling to the video server.
  • the video server After receiving the video segmentation request signaling, the video server performs video segmentation according to the video segmentation request information.
  • the base station sends the video stream rate adjustment command to the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server.
  • the base station may send an adjustment command of the video stream rate to any one of the user equipment, the core network device, and the video server.
  • the base station sends the video stream rate adjustment command to the user equipment or the core network device
  • the video stream rate may be The adjustment command is forwarded to the video server.
  • the video server After receiving the adjustment command, the video server performs video segmentation according to the adjustment command.
  • the code rate is adjusted so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon.
  • an embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the obtaining module 401 is configured to acquire code rate information of a video segment of the video source.
  • the processing module 402 is configured to schedule air interface resources according to the code rate information and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment;
  • the code rate information is average code rate information of each video segment of the video source; or the code rate information is average bit rate information of multiple video segments of the video source within a preset time; or, a code rate The information is the average bit rate information of the video file of the video source.
  • the obtaining module 401 is configured to: when the code rate information is the average rate information of each video segment of the video source, receive the average code rate information of the video segment of the video source sent by the video server; or Acquiring average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source by using a deep packet inspection media description file MPD, where the average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source is added; or, receiving the core network device The transmitted MPD; the average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD is obtained.
  • the code rate information is the average rate information of each video segment of the video source, receive the average code rate information of the video segment of the video source sent by the video server; or Acquiring average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source by using a deep packet inspection media description file MPD, where the average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source is added; or, receiving the core network device The transmitted MPD; the average bit rate information of each video segment of the video source in the MPD is obtained.
  • the acquiring module 401 acquires the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, and the processing module 402 schedules the air interface resource according to the code rate information and/or schedules the scheduling priority of the user equipment, and balances the air interface resources of the user equipment by scheduling, Therefore, the user equipment can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • another embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the obtaining module 501 is configured to acquire code rate information of a video segment of the video source.
  • the first determining module 502 is configured to determine code rate distribution information of the video source according to the code rate information, and determine a video of the user equipment according to the code rate distribution information, the acquired amount of video data received by the user equipment, and the corresponding receiving time. The amount of data remaining in the cache; determining the cache duration of the user device based on the data margin;
  • the processing module 503 is configured to schedule air interface resources according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, and/or adjust a scheduling priority of the user equipment.
  • the sending module 504 is configured to send the video source to the user equipment.
  • the obtaining module 501 is specifically configured to receive, by the core network device, first signaling of the code rate information of each video segment that carries the video source, where the code rate information is a history of the core network device passing the video source.
  • the code rate information obtained by collecting the information statistics; or the code rate information is the code rate information obtained by the gateway of the core network where the core network device is located through the deep packet detection video source; or the code rate information is obtained by the core network device from the video server.
  • Rate information acquiring rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the first signaling; or specifically for receiving second rate information of each video segment of the video source that is sent by the user equipment Signaling, the code rate information is code rate information obtained by the user equipment interacting with the video server by using application layer signaling; and acquiring code rate information of each video segment of the video source according to the second signaling.
  • the code rate information obtained by the core network device by using the historical transmission information of the video source is: the core network device saves the code rate information of the video segment of the known first video source, When transmitting the second video source of the code rate information of the new unknown video segment, matching the data amount information of the transmitted video segments with the data amount information of the known video segment, if the matching degree is greater than
  • the preset threshold is used to determine that the first video source and the second video source are the same video source. After determining that the first video source and the second video source are the same video source, the historical transmission information of the same video source is used to obtain a code rate. information.
  • the triggering condition of the foregoing first signaling and the second signaling may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaching the threshold or exceeding the threshold, and the current instantaneous code rate is lower than: Or above an absolute threshold.
  • the foregoing application layer signaling may be an HTTP command, an RTCP command, or other commands, which are not limited herein.
  • the second signaling may be RRC, and may be other types of signaling, which is not limited herein.
  • the user equipment may trigger RRC signaling to notify the base station.
  • the trigger condition for triggering the RRC signaling to notify the base station may be: the current instantaneous code rate is lower than, higher than the average code rate, reaching the threshold or exceeding the threshold, and the current instantaneous code rate is lower or higher. An absolute threshold.
  • the buffer duration is the data margin in the video buffer of the user equipment in the time dimension, which is different from the data margin in the video buffer in the prior art, and the user equipment can be estimated by using the buffer duration in the present invention. How long the data margin in the video buffer can be played, rather than how many Mbits or Kbits of data in the prior art.
  • the data margin in the video buffer in the time dimension adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is more intuitive and accurate as a reference for scheduling of subsequent base stations.
  • the processing module 503 is configured to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • the processing module 503 in this embodiment includes:
  • the determining unit 5031 is configured to determine, according to the code rate information and the buffer duration, whether the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source;
  • the allocating unit 5032 is configured to allocate a control resource to the user equipment when the determining unit 5031 determines that the user equipment will be stuck in the process of playing the video source.
  • the base station also includes:
  • the second determining module 505 is configured to determine, according to the code rate distribution information, the data amount of the video segment and the duration of the playable period.
  • the air interface resource is video data delivered by the video server
  • the allocating unit 5032 is configured to send a video data request to the video server, receive video data fed back by the video server, and allocate the received video data to the video data.
  • the user equipment is used to notify the user equipment to send a video data request to the video server, so that the user equipment receives the video data fed back by the video server.
  • the behavior of the user equipment has a great influence on the code rate distribution information, such as a pause operation, a replay, a drag play, and the like of the user equipment, and thus the user equipment
  • the foregoing event can be reported to the obtaining module 501 in time to facilitate further improvement of the solution of the present invention.
  • the obtaining module 501 is further configured to receive, by the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server, operation information of the user equipment on the video source, where the operation information includes a pause operation, a jump behavior, a replay, and a drag play. At least one.
  • the processing module 503 is configured to balance the air interface resources of the user equipment, so that the device can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment transmits the video source.
  • another embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the base station includes a transmitter/receiver 601, a controller/processor 602, and a communication unit 603.
  • the transmitter/receiver 601 is configured to support the base station to send and receive messages between the user equipment, the video server, and the core network device in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the controller/processor 602 performs various functions for communicating with user equipment, video servers, and core network devices.
  • the code rate information for the video segmentation of the video source from the user equipment is received via the antenna, coordinated by the receiver 601, and further processed by the controller/processor 602 to schedule air interface resources and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment. After corresponding scheduling and/or adjustment, the transmitter 601 transmits the video source to the user equipment via the antenna.
  • the controller/processor 602 also performs the processes of the base station described in Figures 2 and 3 and/or other processes of the techniques described herein.
  • the communication unit 603 is configured to support the base station to communicate with other network entities. For example, it is used to support communication between a base station and a video server and a core network device. Specifically, the communication unit 603 may receive the code rate information of the video segment of the video source sent by the core network device, and then send the code rate information of the video segment of the video source to the user equipment.
  • the communication unit 603 may be a communication interface of the base station, that is, the code rate information of the video segment of the video source from the core network device is received by a communication interface of the base station, and further processed by the controller/processor 602 to schedule the air interface resource. And/or adjusting the scheduling priority of the user equipment, after the corresponding scheduling and/or adjustment, the transmitter 601 transmits the video source to the user equipment via the antenna.
  • FIG. 7 only shows a simplified design of the base station.
  • the base station can include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, communication units, etc., and all can implement the present invention.
  • Base stations are within the scope of the present invention.
  • the controller/processor for performing the above described base station of the present invention may be a central processing unit, a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a transistor logic device, a hardware component. Or any combination thereof. It is possible to implement or perform various illustrative logical blocks and modules described in connection with the present disclosure.
  • the processor can also be a combination of computing functions, for example, including one or more microprocessor combinations. A combination of DSP and microprocessor, and so on.
  • another embodiment of a base station in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the obtaining module 701 is configured to acquire related information of the video stream transmission
  • the triggering module 702 is configured to trigger an adjustment command of the video stream rate according to the related information of the video stream transmission;
  • the first sending module 703 is configured to send an adjustment command of the video stream rate to the user equipment, the core network device, or the video server.
  • the related information of the video stream transmission includes one or more of the following: a packet loss rate, a block error rate, a number of retransmissions, a packet delay, a throughput rate, an average transmission rate in a segment or a first preset time, and a segmentation. Or the average code rate in the second preset time, the play buffer duration reported by the user equipment, or the play buffer duration of the user equipment estimated by the base station according to the throughput rate and the video stream code rate.
  • the adjustment command of the video stream rate is an adjustment command of the request information of the video stream rate
  • the first sending module 703 is further configured to send the signaling of the request information that carries the adjusted video stream rate to User equipment, such that the user equipment sends the requested information of the adjusted video stream rate to the video server through application layer signaling; or is further used for signaling the request information carrying the adjusted video stream rate
  • the core network device is caused to cause the core network device to send the signaling to the video server.
  • the base station further includes:
  • the receiving module 704 is configured to receive video segmentation request signaling sent by the user equipment.
  • the determining module 705 is configured to determine, according to the video segmentation request signaling, whether the data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold;
  • the processing module 706 is configured to: if the determining module 705 determines that the data volume of the video segment requested by the user equipment is greater than a preset threshold, modify the video segment request signaling;
  • the second sending module 707 is configured to send the modified video segment request signaling to the video server.
  • the code rate is adjusted so that the user equipment can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon.
  • the function of the obtaining module 701 may be performed by one receiver, and the functions of the first sending module 703 and the second sending module 707 may be performed by one transmitter, or the module may be acquired.
  • the functions of the first sending module 703 and the second sending module 707 can be implemented by a transceiver or a communication module.
  • the functions of the trigger module 702 and the processing module 706 can be implemented by a processor.
  • the base station can also include a memory for storing instructions executed by the processor.
  • an embodiment of a video transmission system in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the video server 801 is configured to send a video source to the base station 802;
  • the base station 802 is configured to receive the video source, acquire the code rate information of the video segment of the video source, schedule the air interface resource according to the code rate information, and/or adjust the scheduling priority of the user equipment; according to the scheduled air interface resource and/or the adjusted The scheduling priority of the user equipment sends the video source to the user equipment;
  • User equipment 803 is for receiving a video source.
  • the base station 802 is further configured to receive operation information of the user equipment 802 sent by the user equipment 803, the core network device, or the video server 801 to the video source, where the operation information includes a pause operation, a jump behavior, a replay, and a drag play. At least one of them.
  • the base station 802 performs the equalization of the air interface resources of the user equipment 803, so that the user equipment 803 can better receive the video source, thereby reducing the jamming phenomenon when the user equipment 803 transmits the video source.
  • an embodiment of a video server in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • the video server 900 may have a large difference due to different configurations or performances, and may include one or more central processing units (central processing). Units, CPU) 901 (eg, one or more processors) and memory 902, one or more storage media 905 (eg, one or one of the Shanghai quantity storage devices) that store application 903 or data 904. Among them, the memory 902 and the storage medium 905 may be short-term storage or persistent storage. Programs stored on storage medium 905 may include one or more modules (not shown), each of which may include a series of instruction operations in a video server. Still further, central processor 901 can be arranged to communicate with storage medium 905, executing a series of instruction operations in storage medium 902 on video server 900.
  • Video server 900 may also include one or more power sources 906, one or more wired or wireless network interfaces 907, one or more input and output interfaces 908, and/or one or more operating systems 909, such as Windows ServerTM, Mac. OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM and more.
  • operating systems 909 such as Windows ServerTM, Mac. OS XTM, UnixTM, LinuxTM, FreeBSDTM and more.
  • the steps performed by the video server in the above embodiment may be based on the structure shown in FIG.
  • the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like. .

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种视频传输方法、基站及系统，能够根据视频源的视频分段的码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，减少卡顿现象。本发明实施例方法包括：基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；所述基站根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备。

Description

一种视频传输方法、基站及系统
本申请要求于2016年04月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN 201610278220.X、发明名称为“一种视频传输方法、基站及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种视频传输方法、基站及系统。
背景技术
随着移动网络技术的日趋发展与日渐成熟，各种新兴的移动业务蓬勃发展。在当今移动网络各类业务中，视频业务占据了网络流量很大的一部分。虽然现行移动通信系统相比于之前在性能上实现了较大提升，但随着视频业务不断增加，市场对更高清视频的不断追求，移动通信系统仍面临空口资源紧张的问题，若用户设备需要播放数据量较大的视频业务，则用户设备需要较多的空口资源以支持数据量较大的视频业务的播放，在空口资源紧张的情况下，有限的空口资源不足以支持数据量较大的视频业务的播放，导致视频业务的播放过程中出现卡顿现象，严重影响用户体验。
当前主要是通过调度算法来进行相应的调度，以避免空口资源紧张的问题，以消除视频播放中的卡顿现象。目前主要的调度算法有最大信干比(英文全称：Maximum Carrier to Interference ratio，英文缩写：Max C/I)、轮循(英文全称：Round Robin，英文缩写：RR)以及比例公平(英文全称：Proportional Fair，英文缩写：PF)等。
然而，现有的调度算法忽略了视频业务本身的特征，即视频业务在网络中以视频分段作为独立单位进行请求传输，视频分段时长内的平均码率存在明显波动，且分段时长越短，波峰波谷差异越大，即不同的视频分段的数据量存在显著差异。当视频业务的视频分段的数据量存在显著差异时，针对数据量较大的视频分段，需要更多的空口资源，而按照现有的调度算法，不同数据量的视频分段所分配的空口资源是相同的，显然，在播放数据量较大的视频分段的过程中，现有的调度算法不足以支持数据量较大的视频分段的播放，往往容易发生卡顿进而影响观看体验。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种视频传输方法、基站及系统，能够根据视频源的视频分段的码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，减少卡顿现象。
有鉴于此，本发明第一方面提供了一种视频传输方法，包括：
现有的调度算法忽略了视频业务本身的特征，即视频分段间数据量存在显著差异，本发明提出基于视频分段的码率信息预测的视频传输方案，包括：
基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
所述基站根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所 述视频源发送给所述用户设备。
可选的，码率信息为视频分段的平均码率信息，或码率信息为视频分段的数据量信息以及视频分段可供播放的时长信息。
可见，基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，基站根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，通过调度均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：所述基站接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，所述码率信息为所述核心网设备通过所述视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息，或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测所述视频源得到的码率信息；或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；
所述基站根据所述第一信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：所述基站接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，所述码率信息为所述用户设备通过应用层信令与视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；
所述基站根据所述第二信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
在实际应用中，上述码率信息为该核心网通过视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息可以具体为：核心网设备保存已知的第一视频源的视频分段的码率信息，在传输新的未知视频分段的码率信息的第二视频源时，将已传输的若干个视频分段的数据量信息和已知的视频分段的数据量信息进行匹配，若匹配度大于预设阈值，则确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源，在确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源后，通过该同一视频源的历史传输信息统计得到码率信息。
可选的，上述第一信令和第二信令的触发条件可以为：当前瞬时码率低于、高于平均码率、达到门限或超过门限，还可以为：当前瞬时码率低于或高于一个绝对门限。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，当所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：所述基站接收所述视频服务器发送的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述基站通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，所述MPD中添加有所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述基站接收所述核心网设备发送的所述MPD；所述基站获取所述MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级之前包括：所述基站根据所述码率信息确定所述视频源的码率分布信息；所述基站根据所述码率分布信息、获取到的所述用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定所述用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；所述基站根据所述数据余量确定所 述用户设备的缓存时长；
所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级包括：所述基站根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源包括：
所述基站根据所述码率信息和所述缓存时长判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；当所述基站判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，所述基站为所述用户设备分配空口资源。
可见，通过码率信息和缓存时长判断用户设备在未来是否会出现卡顿，若用户设备在未来会出现卡顿，基站提前为用户设备分配空口资源，以避免卡顿发生。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述基站根据所述码率分布信息确定所述视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
可见，基站可以将预测到的视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长作为调整用户设备的调度优先级以及调度空口资源的参考之一。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述空口资源为所述视频服务器下发的视频数据，所述基站为所述用户设备分配空口资源包括：所述基站向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求；所述基站接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据；所述基站将接收到的视频数据分配给所述用户设备；或，所述基站通知所述用户设备向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得所述用户设备接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
可见，基站想要将空闲的空口资源分配配基站判断出未来会出现卡顿的用户设备，需要视频服务器下发视频数据。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述基站接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
可见，由于用户设备的操作行为对码率信息的使用影响很大，如果用户设备能够将用户设备的操作行为(操作信息)及时上报给基站，有利于本发明的进一步完善。
本发明第二方面提供了一种码率调整方法，包括：
基站获取视频流传输的相关信息；
所述基站根据所述视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
所述基站将所述视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器；
所述视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
可见，提供了一种根据视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令的方法，通过调整码率，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，减少卡顿现象。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，所述方法还包括：所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得所述用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；或，所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给核心网设备，以使得所述核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述基站接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；所述基站根据所述视频分段请求信令判断所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量是否大于预设阈值；若所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量大于预设阈值，所述基站修改所述视频分段请求信令；所述基站将修改后的所述视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
可见，在用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量较大的情况下，基站通过修改视频分段请求信令来调整码率。
本发明第三方面提供了一种基站，包括：
获取模块，用于获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
处理模块，用于根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
发送模块，用于根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备。
可见，获取模块获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，处理模块根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述获取模块，具体用于接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，所述码率信息为所述核心网设备通过所述视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息，或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测所述视频源得到的码率信息；或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；根据所述第一信令获取所述视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述获取模块，，具体用于接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，所述码率信息为所述用户设备通过应用层信令与所述视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；根据所述第二信令获取所述视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述获取模块，具体用于当所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，接收所述视频服务器发送的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，所述MPD中添加有所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，接 收所述核心网设备发送的所述MPD；获取所述MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站还包括：第一确定模块，用于在处理模块根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级之前，根据所述码率信息确定所述视频源的码率分布信息；根据所述码率分布信息、获取到的所述用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定所述用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；根据所述数据余量确定所述用户设备的缓存时长；
所述处理模块，具体用于根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述处理模块包括：判断单元，用于根据所述码率信息和所述缓存时长判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；分配单元，用于当判断单元判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，为所述用户设备分配空口资源。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站还包括：第二确定模块，用于根据所述码率分布信息确定所述视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述空口资源为所述视频服务器下发的视频数据，所述分配单元，具体用于向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求；接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据；将接收到的视频数据分配给所述用户设备；或，具体用于通知所述用户设备向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得所述用户设备接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述获取模块，还用于接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
本发明第四方面还提供了一种基站，包括：
获取模块，用于获取视频流传输的相关信息；
触发模块，用于根据所述视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
第一发送模块，用于将所述视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器；
所述视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
可见，通过调整码率，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，减少卡顿现象。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，所述第一发送模块，还用于将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得所述用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；或，还用于将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送 给核心网设备，以使得所述核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
在另一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站还包括：
接收模块，用于接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；
判断模块，用于根据所述视频分段请求信令判断所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量是否大于预设阈值；处理模块，用于若判断模块判断出所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量大于预设阈值，修改所述视频分段请求信令；第二发送模块，用于将修改后的所述视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
可见，在用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量较大的情况下，处理模块通过修改视频分段请求信令来调整码率。
本发明第五方面提供了一种视频传输系统，包括：
视频服务器、基站以及用户设备；
所述视频服务器用于将视频源发送给所述基站；
所述基站用于接收所述视频源；获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息；根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级；根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备；
所述用户设备接收所述视频源。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述基站还用于接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
可见，由于用户设备的操作行为对码率信息的使用影响很大，如果用户设备能够将用户设备的操作行为(操作信息)及时上报给基站，有利于本发明的进一步完善。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，基站根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
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图1为本发明实施例系统架构图；
图2为本发明实施例视频传输方法一个实施例示意图；
图3为本发明实施例视频传输方法另一个实施例示意图；
图4为本发明实施例码率调整方法一个实施例示意图；
图5为本发明实施例基站一个实施例示意图；
图6为本发明实施例基站另一个实施例示意图；
图7为本发明实施例基站另一个实施例示意图；
图8为本发明实施例基站另一个实施例示意图；
图9为本发明实施例系统一个实施例示意图；
图10为本发明实施例视频服务器一个实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种视频传输方法、基站及系统，能够根据视频源的视频分段的码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，减少卡顿现象。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。另外，本发明的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
为了便于理解本发明实施例，下面对本发明视频传输方法的系统架构进行说明，如图1所示，本发明描述的技术可以应用于第三代移动通信网(英文全称:The third Generation Mobile Telecommunication，英文缩写：3G)、4G以及未来的5G通信系统，和/或其他采用各种无线接入技术的无线通信系统，例如采用码分多址、频分多址、时分多址、正交频分多址、单载波频分多址等接入技术的系统。
本发明视频传输方法的系统架构可以为图1所示的架构，图1中所涉及的视频服务器，指能够开放网络端口，通过网络端口接收客户端软件建立连接的请求，并且根据请求建立连接，通过连接与客户端软件交换数据，通过连接与客户端软件交换数据的行为称为“服务”。图1中所涉及的基站是长期演进(英文全称：Long Term Evolution，英文缩写：LTE)中的基站，主要负责空口侧的无线资源管理、QoS管理、数据压缩和加密等功能。图1中所涉及的用户设备(英文全称：User Equipment，英文缩写：UE)是LTE中通过基站接入网络侧的设备，例如可以是手持终端、笔记本电脑或其他可以接入网络的设备。
下面通过具体实施例对本发明视频传输方法进行说明：
请参阅图2，本发明实施例中视频传输方法一个实施例包括：
101、基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
本实施例中，视频源在网络中是以视频分段作为独立单位进行请求传输的，为了能够预测未来视频分段的流量，又或者能够判断未来可能存在卡顿的用户设备，基站需要首先获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，也即是将视频源的视频分段的码率信息对基站开放，再进行相应的调度。
可选的，码率信息为视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或码率信息为视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，码率信息为视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
需要说明的是，本实施例以一个视频源进行举例说明，本发明的其他实施例中也可以 以至少一个视频源进行举例说明，也即将多个视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息对基站开放，本发明不作限定。
另外，码率信息包含视频分段的平均码率信息、或码率信息包含视频分段的数据量信息和视频分段的可供播放的时长信息。
可选的，当码率信息为视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：
基站接收视频服务器发送的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，
基站通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，该MPD中添加有视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，
基站接收核心网设备发送的MPD；基站获取该MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。其中，本发明实施例对核心网设备的具体类型不做特别限定。
102、基站根据该码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
本实施例中，在基站获取视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息后，基站根据该码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级。
其中，若某一个用户设备的调度优先级得到提高，则优先将空口资源发送给该用户设备，使得用户设备更好的接收视频源；若某一个用户设备的调度优先级经过调整后，调度优先级下降了，说明这个用户设备在未来一段时间内不会发生卡顿现象，可以将更多的空口资源分配给其他一些未来可能出现卡顿现象的用户设备。
可选的，基站可以结合视频缓存中的数据余量、当前空口能力以及一定带宽的传输速率中的至少一种条件调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级。
需要说明的是，上述视频缓存中的数据余量可以替换为下文中的缓存时长。
需要说明的是，上述一定带宽的传输速率可以为用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器通过信令请求基站在未来一段时间内提供一定带宽的传输速率。
可选的，在视频源为多个情况下，基站根据空口能力得到空口资源的利用情况，在空口资源比较空闲时，基站可以根据该码率信息确定基站所服务的小区中未来可能出现卡顿的用户设备，基站可以预先为未来可能出现卡顿的用户设备分配空口资源；或者在空口资源比较紧张时，基站可以根据该码率信息确定基站所服务的小区中未来一段时间内不会出现卡顿的用户设备以及未来可能出现卡顿的用户设备，基站可以预先降低未来一段时间内不会出现卡顿的用户设备的调度优先级以及提高未来可能出现卡顿的用户设备的调度优先级。可以理解的是，通过调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，使得用户设备在传输相应的视频源前，用户设备的空口资源得到均衡，很显然能够减少卡顿次数和卡顿时间。
103、基站根据调度后的空口资源和/或调整后的用户设备的调度优先级将视频源发送给用户设备。
本实施例中，基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，基站根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，以均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
请参阅图2，本发明实施例中视频传输方法的另一个实施例包括：
201、基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
本实施例中，视频源在网络中是以视频分段作为独立单位进行请求传输的，为了能够预测未来视频分段的流量，又或者能够判断未来可能存在卡顿的用户设备，基站需要首先获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，也即是将视频源的视频分段的码率信息对基站开放，再进行相应的调度。
基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：
基站接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，该码率信息为该核心网设备通过视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息；或者该码率信息为该核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测视频源得到的码率信息；或者该码率信息为该核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；
基站根据该第一信令获取视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息；或，
基站接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，该码率信息为该用户设备通过应用层信令与视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；
基站根据该第二信令获取视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息。
需要说明的是，上述码率信息为该核心网设备通过视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息具体为：核心网设备保存已知的第一视频源的视频分段的码率信息，在传输新的未知视频分段的码率信息的第二视频源时，将已传输的若干个视频分段的数据量信息和已知的视频分段的数据量信息进行匹配，若匹配度大于预设阈值，则确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源，在确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源后，通过该同一视频源的历史传输信息统计得到码率信息。
需要说明的是，上述第一信令和第二信令的触发条件可以为：当前瞬时码率低于、高于平均码率、达到门限或超过门限，还可以为：当前瞬时码率低于或高于一个绝对门限。
需要说明的是，上述应用层信令可以为超文本传输协议(英文全称：Hypertext Transfer Protocol，英文缩写：HTTP)命令、实时传输控制协议(英文全称：Real-time Transport Control Protocol，英文缩写：RTCP)命令，还可以为其他命令，此处不作限定。第二信令可以为无线资源控制(英文全称：Radio Resource Control，英文缩写：RRC)，还可以为其他类型信令，此处不作限定。用户设备在获知码率信息后，可以触发RRC信令通知基站。
202、基站根据该码率信息确定上述视频源的码率分布信息；
本实施例中，基站根据码率信息可以得出每个视频分段的码率随时间变化的波动示意图，可以通过读取每个视频分段的码率随时间变化的波动示意图得到码率分布信息。
203、基站根据该码率分布信息、获取到的用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；
本实施例中，基站确定上述视频源的完整的码率分布信息后，结合获取到的用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量。
其中，用户设备可以将接收到视频数据量以及相应的接收时长通过信令的方式发送给基站。
用户设备在接收视频源之前，可能在播放其他一个或多个视频源或者缓存其他一个或多个视频源。假设用户设备在接收视频源之前，用户设备正在播放第一目标视频源以及缓存第二目标视频源，且第一目标视频源已经播放5分钟，得出第一目标视频源播放5分钟所对应的数据量，若缓存到了第一视频源的第20分钟，结合码率分布信息，得出用户设备接收到的第一目标视频源的数据量，在第一目标视频源播放的5分钟内，第二目标视频源缓存到了第15分钟，结合码率分布信息，得出用户设备接收到的第二目标视频源的数据量，将第一目标视频源的数据量以及第二目标视频源的数据量求和，得到数据量总和、将数据量总和减去第一目标视频源播放5分钟所对应的数据量，得出用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量。
204、基站根据该数据余量确定用户设备的缓存时长；
需要说明的是，缓存时长为时间维度上用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量，不同于现有技术中的视频缓存中的数据余量，通过本发明中的缓存时长可以估计出用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量还可以播放多长时间，而不是现有技术中还有多少Mbit或者多少Kbit的数据。显然，本发明实施例采用时间维度上的视频缓存中的数据余量作为后续基站的调度的参考更加直观准确。
需要说明的是，在一些可能的实现方式中，步骤203以及步骤204可以合并替换为：基站根据该码率分布信息、获取到的用户设备已接收的数据量以及相应的接收时长确定用户设备的缓存时长。
205、基站根据码率信息以及缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
本实施例中，基站在确定缓存时长后，基站可以结合当前空口能力、码率信息以及缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级。
可选的，基站根据码率信息以及缓存时长调度空口资源具体为：
基站根据码率信息和缓存时长判断用户设备在播放视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；
当基站判断用户设备在播放视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，基站为用户设备分配空口资源。
其中，基站根据码率信息和缓存时长判断用户设备未来是否可能出现卡顿，若用户设备未来将出现卡顿，则基站为用户设备分配空口资源。
需要说明的是，基站根据码率信息可以确定视频分段码率峰谷信息，在空口资源比较空闲的时候，衡量小区中用户设备的视频缓存状态(即缓存时长)和未来的视频分段码率峰谷信息，在判断用户设备未来将出现卡顿的情况下，将空口资源预先分配给用户设备。
可选的，还包括：
基站根据码率分布信息确定视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
其中，基站可以根据码率分布信息预测视频分段的数据量以及视频分段的可供播放的时长。
需要说明的是，基站可以将预测到的视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长作为调整用户设备的调度优先级以及调度空口资源的参考之一。
可选的，上述空口资源为视频服务器下发的视频数据，上述基站为用户设备分配空口 资源包括：
基站向视频服务器发送视频数据请求；
基站接收视频服务器反馈的视频数据；
基站将接收到的视频数据分配给用户设备；或，
基站通知用户设备向视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得用户设备接收视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
需要说明的是，上述为本发明提供的两种将空口资源分配给用户设备的方案，本发明还可以采用其他方案实现，此处不作限定。
本发明中的基站在获取码率分布信息后，用户设备的行为对码率分布信息的影响很大，比如用户设备的暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放等事件，因此用户设备可以将上述事件及时上报给基站，有利于本发明方案的进一步完善。具体的，本发明还包括：基站接收用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的用户设备对视频源的操作信息，该操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
206、基站根据调度后的空口资源和/或调整后的用户设备的调度优先级将视频源发送给用户设备。
本实施例中，基站通过调度均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
请参阅图4，本发明实施例中码率调整方法一个实施例包括：
301、基站获取视频流传输的相关信息；
本实施例中，视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
302、基站根据视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
基站在获取视频流传输的相关信息后，依据该相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令。
可选的，视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，还包括：
所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得所述用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；
或，
所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给核心网设备，以使得所述核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
需要说明的是，用户设备接收到载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令后，用户设备获取该信令承载的调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息，用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器。
需要说明的是，核心网设备接收到载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令后，将该信令转发给视频服务器，视频服务器接收到该信令后，获取该信令载有的调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息，根据调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息进行视频分段。
可选的，还包括：
基站接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；
基站根据获取到的接入网对视频分段请求信息的判断结果修改视频分段请求信令，并将修改后的视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
可以理解的是，视频服务器接收到该视频分段请求信令后，根据该视频分段请求信息进行视频分段。
303、基站将视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器。
本实施例中，基站可以将视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备以及视频服务器中的任意一个。
需要说明的是，若基站将该视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备或核心网设备，用户设备或核心网设备接收到视频流码率的调整命令后，可以将该视频流码率的调整命令转发给视频服务器，视频服务器接收到调整命令后，根据调整命令进行视频分段。
本实施例中，通过调整码率，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，减少卡顿现象。
请参阅图5，本发明实施例中基站的一个实施例包括：
获取模块401，用于获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
处理模块402，用于根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
发送模块403，用于根据调度后的空口资源和/或调整后的用户设备的调度优先级将视频源发送给用户设备。
可选的，码率信息为视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或码率信息为视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，码率信息为视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
可选的，获取模块401，具体用于当码率信息为视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，接收视频服务器发送的视频源的视频分段的平均码率信息；或，通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，该MPD中添加有视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，接收核心网设备发送的MPD；获取MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。
本实施例中，获取模块401获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息，处理模块402根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调度用户设备的调度优先级，通过调度均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
请参阅图6，本发明实施例中基站的另一个实施例包括：
获取模块501，用于获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
第一确定模块502，用于根据该码率信息确定视频源的码率分布信息；根据该码率分布信息、获取到的用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时间确定用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；根据数据余量确定用户设备的缓存时长；
处理模块503，用于根据码率信息以及缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
发送模块504，用于将视频源发送给用户设备。
可选的，获取模块501，具体用于接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，该码率信息为核心网设备通过视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息；或者码率信息为核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测视频源得到的码率信息；或者码率信息为核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；根据第一信令获取视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息；或，具体用于接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，该码率信息为用户设备通过应用层信令与视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；根据第二信令获取视频源的每个视频分段的码率信息。
需要说明的是，上述码率信息为该核心网设备通过视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息具体为：核心网设备保存已知的第一视频源的视频分段的码率信息，在传输新的未知视频分段的码率信息的第二视频源时，将已传输的若干个视频分段的数据量信息和已知的视频分段的数据量信息进行匹配，若匹配度大于预设阈值，则确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源，在确定第一视频源和第二视频源为同一视频源后，通过该同一视频源的历史传输信息统计得到码率信息。
需要说明的是，上述第一信令和第二信令的触发条件可以为：当前瞬时码率低于、高于平均码率、达到门限或超过门限，还可以为：当前瞬时码率低于或高于一个绝对门限。
需要说明的是，上述应用层信令可以为HTTP命令、RTCP命令，还可以为其他命令，此处不作限定。第二信令可以为RRC，还可以为其他类型信令，此处不作限定。用户设备在获知码率信息后，可以触发RRC信令通知基站。需要说明的是，触发RRC信令通知基站时的触发条件可以为：当前瞬时码率低于、高于平均码率、达到门限或超过门限，还可以为：当前瞬时码率低于或高于一个绝对门限。
需要说明的是，缓存时长为时间维度上用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量，不同于现有技术中的视频缓存中的数据余量，通过本发明中的缓存时长可以估计出用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量还可以播放多长时间，而不是现有技术中还有多少Mbit或者多少Kbit的数据。显然，本发明实施例采用的时间维度上的视频缓存中的数据余量作为后续基站的调度的参考更加直观准确。
本实施例中，处理模块503通过调度均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
可选的，同参阅图6，本实施例中处理模块503包括：
判断单元5031，用于根据码率信息和缓存时长判断用户设备在播放视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；
分配单元5032，用于当判断单元5031判断用户设备在播放视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，为用户设备分配控制资源。
基站还包括：
第二确定模块505，用于根据码率分布信息确定视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
可选的，空口资源为视频服务器下发的视频数据，分配单元5032，具体用于向视频服务器发送视频数据请求；接收视频服务器反馈的视频数据；将接收到的视频数据分配给用 户设备；或，具体用于通知用户设备向视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得用户设备接收视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
本发明中的第一确定模块502在确定码率分布信息后，用户设备的行为对码率分布信息的影响很大，比如用户设备的暂停操作、重新播放、拖动播放等事件，因此用户设备可以将上述事件及时上报给获取模块501，有利于本发明方案的进一步完善。具体的，获取模块501，还用于接收用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的用户设备对视频源的操作信息，该操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
本实施例中，处理模块503通过调度均衡用户设备的空口资源，以便用于设备更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
请参阅图7，本发明实施例中基站的另一个实施例包括：
基站包括发射器/接收器601，控制器/处理器602以及通信单元603。所述发射器/接收器601用于支持基站与上述实施例中的用户设备、视频服务器以及核心网设备之间收发消息。所述控制器/处理器602执行各种用于与用户设备、视频服务器以及核心网设备通信的功能。来自用户设备的视频源的视频分段的码率信息经由天线接收，由接收器601进行调解，并进一步由控制器/处理器602进行处理来调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，在相应的调度和/或调整后，发射器601将视频源经由天线发射给用户设备。控制器/处理器602还执行图2以及图3中涉及基站的处理过程和/或本申请所描述的技术的其他过程。通信单元603用于支持基站与其他网络实体进行通信。例如，用于支持基站与视频服务器、核心网设备间的通信。具体地，通信单元603可以接收核心网设备发送的视频源的视频分段的码率信息，再将视频源的视频分段的码率信息发送给用户设备，在实际的应用场景下，通信单元603可以是基站的一个通信接口，也即是来自核心网设备的视频源的视频分段的码率信息经基站的一个通信接口接收，并进一步由控制器/处理器602进行处理来调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级，在相应的调度和/或调整后，发射器601将视频源经由天线发射给用户设备。
可以理解的是，图7仅仅示出了基站的简化设计，在实际应用中，基站可以包含任意数量的发射器、接收器、处理器、控制器、通信单元等，而所有可以实现本发明的基站都在本发明的保护范围之内。
用于执行本发明上述基站的控制器/处理器可以是中央处理器、通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本发明公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框及模块。处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合，例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合。DSP和微处理器的组合等等。
请参阅图8，本发明实施例中基站的另一个实施例包括：
获取模块701，用于获取视频流传输的相关信息；
触发模块702，用于根据视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
第一发送模块703，用于将视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器；
该视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
可选的，视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，第一发送模块703，还用于将载有调整后的视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；或，还用于将载有调整后的视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给核心网设备，以使得核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
可选的，基站还包括：
接收模块704，用于接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；
判断模块705，用于根据视频分段请求信令判断用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量是否大于预设阈值；
处理模块706，用于若判断模块705判断出用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量大于预设阈值，修改视频分段请求信令；
第二发送模块707，用于将修改后的视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
本实施例中，通过调整码率，以便用户设备更好的接收视频源，减少卡顿现象。
在本发明的另一个实施例中，在硬件实现上，可以由一个接收器执行获取模块701的功能，可以由一个发射器执行第一发送模块703以及第二发送模块707的功能，或者获取模块701、第一发送模块703以及第二发送模块707的功能可以由一个收发器或者通信模块实现。此外，可以由处理器实现触发模块702及处理模块706的功能。基站还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器执行的指令。
请参阅图9，本发明实施例中视频传输系统的一个实施例包括：
视频服务器801、基站802以及用户设备803；
视频服务器801用于将视频源发送给基站802；
基站802用于接收视频源；获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；根据码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；根据调度后的空口资源和/或调整后的用户设备的调度优先级将视频源发送给用户设备；
用户设备803用于接收视频源。
可选的，基站802还用于接收用户设备803、核心网设备或视频服务器801发送的用户设备802对视频源的操作信息，该操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
本实施例中，基站802通过调度均衡用户设备803的空口资源，以便用户设备803更好的接收视频源，从而减少用户设备803传输视频源时的卡顿现象。
请参阅图10，本发明实施例中视频服务器的一个实施例包括：
图10是本发明实施例提供的一种视频服务器结构示意图，该视频服务器900可因配置或性能不同而产生比较大的差异，可以包括一个或一个以上中央处理器(central processing  units，CPU)901(例如，一个或一个以上处理器)和存储器902，一个或一个以上存储应用程序903或数据904的存储介质905(例如一个或一个以上海量存储设备)。其中，存储器902和存储介质905可以是短暂存储或持久存储。存储在存储介质905的程序可以包括一个或一个以上模块(图示没标出)，每个模块可以包括对视频服务器中的一系列指令操作。更进一步地，中央处理器901可以设置为与存储介质905通信，在视频服务器900上执行存储介质902中的一系列指令操作。
视频服务器900还可以包括一个或一个以上电源906，一个或一个以上有线或无线网络接口907，一个或一个以上输入输出接口908，和/或，一个或一个以上操作系统909，例如Windows ServerTM，Mac OS XTM，UnixTM,LinuxTM，FreeBSDTM等等。
上述实施例中由视频服务器所执行的步骤可以基于该图10所示的结构。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统，装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种视频传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
    所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
    所述基站根据调度后的空口资源和/或调整后的用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：
    所述基站接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，所述码率信息为所述核心网设备通过所述视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息，或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测所述视频源得到的码率信息；或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；
    所述基站根据所述第一信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：
    所述基站接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，所述码率信息为所述用户设备通过应用层信令与视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；
    所述基站根据所述第二信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，所述基站获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息包括：
    所述基站接收所述视频服务器发送的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；
    或，
    所述基站通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，所述MPD中添加有所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；
    或，
    所述基站接收所述核心网设备发送的所述MPD；
    所述基站获取所述MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级之前包括：
    所述基站根据所述码率信息确定所述视频源的码率分布信息；
    所述基站根据所述码率分布信息、获取到的所述用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定所述用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；
    所述基站根据所述数据余量确定所述用户设备的缓存时长；
    所述基站根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级包括：
    所述基站根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源包括：
    所述基站根据所述码率信息和所述缓存时长判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；
    当所述基站判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，所述基站为所述用户设备分配空口资源。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站根据所述码率分布信息确定所述视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述空口资源为所述视频服务器下发的视频数据，所述基站为所述用户设备分配空口资源包括：
    所述基站向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求；
    所述基站接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据；
    所述基站将接收到的视频数据分配给所述用户设备；或，
    所述基站通知所述用户设备向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得所述用户设备接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
  11. 一种码率调整方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站获取视频流传输的相关信息；
    所述基站根据所述视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
    所述基站将所述视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器；
    所述视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得所述用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；
    或，
    所述基站将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给核心网设备，以使得所述核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；
    所述基站根据所述视频分段请求信令判断所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量是否大于预设阈值；
    若所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量大于预设阈值，所述基站修改所述视频分段请求信令；
    所述基站将修改后的所述视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
  14. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取视频源的视频分段的码率信息；
    处理模块，用于根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级；
    发送模块，用于根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述获取模块，具体用于接收核心网设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第一信令，所述码率信息为所述核心网设备通过所述视频源的历史传输信息统计得到的码率信息，或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备所处的核心网的网关通过深度包检测所述视频源得到的码率信息；或者所述码率信息为所述核心网设备从视频服务器中获取的码率信息；根据所述第一信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述获取模块，具体用于接收用户设备发送的载有视频源的视频分段的码率信息的第二信令，所述码率信息为所述用户设备通过应用层信令与所述视频服务器交互得到的码率信息；根据所述第二信令获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的多个视频分段在预置时间内的平均码率信息；或，所述码率信息为所述视频源的视频文件的平均码率信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的基站，其特征在于，所述获取模块，具体用于当所述码率信息为所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息时，接收所述视频服务器发送的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，通过深度包检测媒体描述文件MPD的方式获取视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息，所述MPD中添加有所述视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息；或，接收所述核心网设备发送的所述MPD；获取所述MPD中的视频源的每个视频分段的平均码率信息。
  19. 根据权利要求14所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站还包括：
    第一确定模块，用于在处理模块根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整用户设备的调度优先级之前，根据所述码率信息确定所述视频源的码率分布信息；根据所述码率分布信息、获取到的所述用户设备已接收的视频数据量以及相应的接收时长确定所述用户设备的视频缓存中的数据余量；根据所述数据余量确定所述用户设备的缓存时长；
    所述处理模块，具体用于根据所述码率信息以及所述缓存时长调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的基站，其特征在于，所述处理模块包括：
    判断单元，用于根据所述码率信息和所述缓存时长判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中是否将出现卡顿；
    分配单元，用于当判断单元判断所述用户设备在播放所述视频源的过程中将出现卡顿时，为所述用户设备分配空口资源。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站还包括：
    第二确定模块，用于根据所述码率分布信息确定所述视频分段的数据量以及可供播放的时长。
  22. 根据权利要求20所述的基站，其特征在于，所述空口资源为所述视频服务器下发的视频数据，所述分配单元，具体用于向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求；接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据；将接收到的视频数据分配给所述用户设备；或，具体用于通知所述用户设备向所述视频服务器发送视频数据请求，以使得所述用户设备接收所述视频服务器反馈的视频数据。
  23. 根据权利要求14至22任意一项所述的基站，其特征在于，所述获取模块，还用于接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
  24. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括：
    获取模块，用于获取视频流传输的相关信息；
    触发模块，用于根据所述视频流传输的相关信息触发视频流码率的调整命令；
    第一发送模块，用于将所述视频流码率的调整命令发送给用户设备、核心网设备或者视频服务器；
    所述视频流传输的相关信息包括以下一种或多种：丢包率，误块率，重传次数，包时延，吞吐率，分段或第一预置时间内的平均传输速率，分段或第二预置时间内的平均码率，用户设备上报的播放缓冲时长，或者基站根据吞吐率和视频流码率估算的用户设备的播放缓冲时长。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的基站，其特征在于，所述视频流码率的调整命令为视频流码率的请求信息的调整命令，所述第一发送模块，还用于将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给用户设备，以使得所述用户设备通过应用层信令将调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息发送给视频服务器；或，还用于将载有调整后的所述视频流码率的请求信息的信令发送给核心网设备，以使得所述核心网设备将所述信令发送给视频服务器。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的基站，其特征在于，所述基站还包括：
    接收模块，用于接收用户设备发送的视频分段请求信令；
    判断模块，用于根据所述视频分段请求信令判断所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量是否大于预设阈值；
    处理模块，用于若判断模块判断出所述用户设备所请求的视频分段的数据量大于预设阈值，修改所述视频分段请求信令；
    第二发送模块，用于将修改后的所述视频分段请求信令发送给视频服务器。
  27. 一种视频传输系统，其特征在于，包括：
    视频服务器、基站以及用户设备；
    所述视频服务器用于将视频源发送给所述基站；
    所述基站用于接收所述视频源；获取所述视频源的视频分段的码率信息；根据所述码率信息调度空口资源和/或调整所述用户设备的调度优先级；根据调度后的所述空口资源和/或调整后的所述用户设备的调度优先级将所述视频源发送给所述用户设备；
    所述用户设备接收所述视频源。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的系统，其特征在于，所述基站还用于接收所述用户设备、核心网设备或视频服务器发送的所述用户设备对所述视频源的操作信息，所述操作信息包含暂停操作、跳转行为、重新播放以及拖动播放中的至少一种。
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