WO2017078653A1

WO2017078653A1 - Power plant

Info

Publication number: WO2017078653A1
Application number: PCT/UA2016/000127
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gennadii LUKASHENKO; Oleksandr Kuznetsov
Original assignee: Lukashenko Gennadii; Oleksandr Kuznetsov
Priority date: 2015-11-02
Filing date: 2016-11-03
Publication date: 2017-05-11

Abstract

A power plant comprising an electric power generator (4), a direct current motor (2) with a powered armature, a mechanical transmitter (3) to transmit torque from the DC motor shaft to the power generator shaft, an accumulator battery or a set of batteries (1), a charger(7) meant to charge the accumulator battery, a switchgear(5) meant to distribute current of the electric power generator among the DC motor, the charger and power consumers(6), wherein the switchgear is designed to have an input for electric power produced by the electric power generator, the first output for current supply to the DC motor input, the second output for current supply to the charger input and the third output for current supply to electric power consumers, wherein the elements of the power plant are electrically connected so that the output of the electric power generator is connected with the switchgear input, the first switchgear output is connected with the DC motor input, the second switchgear output is connected with the charger input, the third switchgear output is connected with the electric power consumers and the charger output is connected with the accumulator battery or a set of batteries.

Description

DESCRIPTION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to electric power plants and electric engineering. PRIOR ART

Document CN 104981587A contains the disclosure of a combined cycle power plant with a gas turbine a shaft connecting a compressor to a turbine, and a first generator, a heat recovery steam generator fluidly connected to the exhaust of the gas turbine, The heat recovery steam generator has at least one top suspended bundle with an upper manifold , which is connected to a supporting structure of the heat recovery boiler by a bundle suspension , a lower manifold , and vertically arranged heat exchange pipes. To minimize the length of the hot steam pipes a high pressure life steam pipe is connecting the final lower superheat manifold to the high pressure steam turbine and/or a medium pressure hot reheat steam pipe connecting the final lower reheat manifold to the medium pressure steam turbine .

The said invention is aimed to produce electric power meanwhile it requires a source of heat to generate steam and without the latter it cannot be operated efficiently. If there is not a source of ecologically, clean geothermal heat there can be used heat produced by burning organic or fossil fuels and it increases air pollution. Besides abovementioned the change of temperatures and pressure in the system inevitably accelerates corrosion of metallic parts.

The US Patent US 2013004761 1 A discloses a solar power plant part of a solar thermal power plant including a first solar collector surface which is arranged in one section of a heat transfer medium circuit is provided. A second solar collector surface is arranged in the solar power plant part as a super heater for a working medium which may be released for technical work in a turbine. A solar thermal power plant which includes a solar power plant part is also provided. The solar thermal plant includes a working medium circuit and a steam turbine. The said power plant can be efficient only in the regions with significant number of sunny days or at least a source of constant heat. In sub-Arctic regions the Sun rises over the horizon only for six months a year.

l SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is to create a power plant of a closed cycle with a high output power rate, zero level of emissions and low cost of exploitation due to using no external sources of energy like fuel, heat, sunlight, wind or kinetic power of water.

According to the invention, the power plant as claimed in the claims achieves this object due to using innovative direct current electric motors and innovative arrangement of the parts of the power plant.

The power plant comprises an electric power generator, a direct current motor with a powered armature or a direct current motor with a powered stator, a mechanical transmitter to transmit torque from the DC motor shaft to the power generator shaft, an accumulator battery or a set of batteries, a charger meant to charge the accumulator battery, a switchgear meant to distribute current of the electric power generator among the DC motor, the charger and power consumers, wherein the switchgear is designed to have an input for electric power produced by the electric power generator, the first output for current supply to the DC motor input, the second output for current supply to the charger input and the third output for current supply to electric power consumers, wherein the elements of the power plant are electrically connected so that the output of the electric power generator is connected with the switchgear input, the first switchgear output is connected with the DC motor input, the second switchgear output is connected with the charger input, the third switchgear output is connected with the electric power consumers and the charger output is connected with the accumulator battery or a set of batteries.

The power plant works as follows, electric current from the battery or a set of batteries is transmitted to the direct current electric motor. Due to the specific design of the motor the amount of consumed power is significantly lower than the output rate. The torque is transmitted mechanically from the shaft of the DC motor to the shaft of the electric power generator. Than the generated power is distributed among the consumers of electricity and the recharger. Once the power plant works stably the switchgear transmits a part of the generated power to the DC motor and the battery or batteries are recharged by the recharger. The power plant's work is based upon the difference between the amount of electric energy consumed by the Direct Current electric motor and the amount of kinetic energy produced by the motor and then transmitted to the electric power generator to be transformed into electric energy. Two kinds of direct current electric motors are meant to be used in the power plant - a direct current motor with a powered armature and a direct current motor with a powered stator. The direct current electric motor with a powered armature is designated to comprise a motor case, an accommodated armature, a stator and pairs of contact brushes and the armature comprises a shaft, bearings, solenoids or electromagnets, contacts of solenoids or electromagnets, fixing elements to fix the solenoids or electromagnets on or in the armature so that they are equally spaced from the shaft and their assumed longitudinal axes are parallel to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the distance between the assumed longitudinal axes of all pairs of adjacent solenoids or electromagnets is the same, wherein the fixing elements are made of a dielectric and diamagnetic material and fixing elements rigidly mounted on the shaft and arranged so that their planes are perpendicular to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the stator comprises at least one pair of permanent magnets and the permanent magnets can be in the shape of such bodies as a disc, a cylinder, a spherical segment, a ring, a semi ring, an arc or a torus, wherein every pair of the permanent magnets is arranged coaxially, one permanent magnet near every flattened fixing element so that the permanent magnets are oppositely poled; every pair of the brushes is mounted near the flattened fixing elements so that every brush contacts solenoids or electromagnets contacts.

The direct current electric motor works as follows, electric current is transmitted from the battery or a set of batteries to brushes. The solenoids or electromagnets contact the brushes and magnetic field is excited in them. The poles of the permanent magnets interact with the magnetic fields of the solenoids or electromagnets. Powerful permanent magnets repel the like poles and attract the unlike poles. So, in a position of an electromagnet or a solenoid is in between two unlike poles of permanent magnets, it is repelled by one pole and attracted by the other one. In the position closest to the unlike of a permanent magnet the solenoid or electromagnet, say - electromagnet 1 , unlocks contact and becomes electrically neutral while the next-in-line solenoid or electromagnet, say - electromagnet 2, is attracted by the permanent magnets at the same time causing the armature's revolution. In the course of the revolution the electromagnet 1 contacts the next-in-line pair of brushes having opposite polarity and in its coil is excited a magnetic field of opposite polarity. The poles of electromagnet 1 and the poles of the closest permanent magnets become like poles and cause bilateral repelling. When electromagnet 1 reaches the position between magnetic fields of neighboring pairs of permanent magnets it is affected by two forces at the same time - repelling and attraction. In this variant the most efficient embodiment of the invention may include permanent magnets in the shape of semi rings to provide a continual exposure to the magnetic fields of permanent magnets and smooth character of revolution of the armature. In order to reduce friction, sparking and heating of contacts the latter are recommended to be manufactured in the shape of slip-rings or slip-rolls. It is obvious for a person skilled in art that permanent magnets can be positioned not on both sides of the armature but on one side. But in this variant the bearings will have additional load because of misbaianced armature and it will cause uneven wearing out of the bearings and misbaianced work of the apparatus. The total capacity of the motor is the sum of capacities of the armature and the stator magnetic fields. Powerful permanent magnets can have very high capacity rate. This value does not correspond to the weight of magnets. For example, a magnet, capable to hold a weigh equal 100 kilograms when applied to a lever 1 metre long has a mechanical effect equal 9800 Newtons. A pair of magnets has a double effect. The said pair of magnets will effect any electromagnet if its mass and the mass of the armature and the level friction is lower than this value. So an electromagnet can consume an amount of electric power enough to generate a minimal efficient magnetic field.

The direct current electric motor with a powered stator comprises a motor case (8), accommodated armature in the shape of a flanged bobbin (16), a stator (17) and at least one pair of solenoids or electromagnets (14), wherein the armature comprises a shaft (12), bearings (13) and two circular rows of permanent magnets which are arranged on the flanges coaxially and oppositely poled and the permanent magnets can be the shape of such bodies as a disc, a cylinder, a spherical segment, a ring , a semiring, a torus or an arc; the stator includes at least one pair of solenoids or electromagnets and electromagnetic sensors rigidly mounted on at least one stator holder (18). The stator is fixed between the flanges of the armature which can revolve freely and the permanent magnets in the armature are equally spaced from the shaft and their assumed longitudinal axes are parallel to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the distance between the assumed longitudinal axes of all pairs of adjacent magnets is the same and the armature and the stator. The said motor works as follows, when electric current is transmitted to the coils of, say, the first solenoid or electromagnet of the stator a magnetic field is generated in them. The unlike poles of the magnetic fields of the solenoid or electromagnet attract unlike poles of the permanent magnets of the rotor and repel the like poles. When a pair of permanent magnets reaches the closest position to the unlike pole the rotor position sensor (not shown) breaks the contact and the solenoid or electromagnet becomes electrically neutral. At this moment the next-in-line solenoid or electromagnet is switched on to have a polarity attracting the first pair of permanent magnets while the first solenoid acquires the opposite polarity. The switchgear switches solenoids or electromagnets of the stator in turns changing their polarity for opposite one. For a person skilled in art it is obvious that the rotor can have more than two electromagnets or solenoids to provide a smooth manner of rotation. The said variant of embodiment has certain advantages comparing to the direct current motor with a powered armature - it has a smaller number of friction parts and sparking can occur only inside the switchgear.

For a person skilled in art it is obvious that both variants of the said power plant can be used in all known spheres of engineering as sources of electric power. It should be noted that the direct current electric motors claimed as parts of the power plant can be used in other fields of electric engineering - in industry, in transport sphere and others.

The main advantage of the said power plant is that requires no external sources of energy like fuel, sunlight, wind or water. It produces no emissions into the atmosphere. It is simple in operation and service. In both variants batteries should be changed periodically as well as friction parts - brushes in the DC motor with a powered armature, contacts in the DC motor switchgear. The power plant has a limited temperature range for efficient work of permanent magnets, so it has to be used and transported considering this fact.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 presents the general scheme of the power plant where following numbers match the following parts: 1 - battery or a set batteries; 2- Direct Current electric motor; 3 - mechanical transmitter; 4 - electric power generator; 5 - switchgear; 6 - electric power consumers; 7 - recharger.

Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a DC motor with a powered armature, where the following numbers match the following parts: 8 - motor case; 9 - armature; 10 - stator' 11- brushes; 12 - shaft; 13 - bearings; 14 - solenoids or electromagnets; 15 - fixing elements; 16 - permanent magnets Figure 3 shows a top sectional view of the armature of the DC motor with a powered armature, where the following numbers match the following parts: 8 - motor case; 9 - armature; 10 - stator; 11- brushes; 12- shaft; 14 - solenoids or electromagnets; 15 - fixing elements.

Figure 4 shows a side sectional view of the armature, where following numbers match the following parts: 8 - motor case; 9 - armature; 10 - stator; 11- brushes; 12 - shaft; 14 - solenoids or electromagnets contacting brushes; 15 - fixing elements; 16 - permanent magnets

Figure 5 shows a perspective view of the Direct Current motor with a powered stator, where the following numbers match the following parts: 8 -motor case; 17 - armature in the shape of a flanged bobbin; 18 - powered stator comprising two solenoids or electromagnets; 19 - stator holder.

Figure 5 shows a front view of the Direct Current motor with a powered stator, where the following numbers refer to the following parts: 8 - motor case; 17 - armature in the shape of a flanged bobbin; 12 - shaft; 18 - powered stator with two solenoids or electromagnets.

Figure 6 shows a front view of the Direct Current motor with a powered stator, where the following numbers match the following parts: 8 - motor case; 2 - shaft; 17 - armature in the shape of a flanged bobbin; 18 - powered stator comprising two solenoids or electromagnets fixed on the stator holder.

Claims

1. A power plant comprising an electric power generator (4), a direct current motor (2) with a powered armature, a mechanical transmitter^) to transmit torque from the DC motor shaft to the power generator shaft, an accumulator battery or a set of batteries (1), a charger(7) meant to charge the accumulator battery, a switchgear(5) meant to distribute current of the electric power generator among the DC motor, the charger and power consumers(6), wherein the switchgear is designed to have an input for electric power produced by the electric power generator, the first output for current supply to the DC motor input, the second output for current supply to the charger input and the third output for current supply to electric power consumers, wherein the elements of the power plant are electrically connected so that the output of the electric power generator is connected with the switchgear input, the first switchgear output is connected with the DC motor input, the second switchgear output is connected with the charger input, the third switchgear output is connected with the electric power consumers and the charger output is connected with the accumulator battery or a set of batteries, wherein the DC motor with a powered armature is designed to include a motor case (8), an accommodated armature (9), a stator(10) and pairs of contact brushes(11) and the armature comprises a shaft (12) , bearings(13), solenoids or electromagnets (14), terminal pairs of solenoids or electromagnets, fixing elements (15) to fix the solenoids or electromagnets on or in the armature so that they are equally spaced from the shaft and their assumed longitudinal axes are parallel to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the distance between the assumed longitudinal axes of all pairs of adjacent solenoids or electromagnets is the same, wherein the fixing elements are made of a dielectric and diamagnetic material and fixing elements are rigidly mounted on the shaft and arranged so that their planes are perpendicular to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the stator comprises at least one pair of permanent magnets and the permanent magnets can be in the shape of such bodies as a disc, a cylinder, a spherical segment, a ring, a semi ring or a torus, wherein every pair of the permanent magnets is arranged coaxially, one permanent magnet near every flattened fixing element so that the permanent magnets are oppositely poled; every pair of the brushes is mounted near the flattened fixing elements so that every brush contacts solenoids or electromagnets contacts.

2. A power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the direct current motor with a powered armature comprises solenoids.

3. A power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the armature comprises electromagnets and has the shape of a disc, a wheel or a star.

4. A power plant according to any claim from 1 to 2, wherein the armature comprises solenoids or electromagnets and two or more fixing elements in the shape of discs with solenoids or electromagnets clamped between them, and the contacts of the solenoids or electromagnets are arranged on the cylindrical sides or side faces of the discs.

5. A power plant according to any claim 1- 4, wherein the stator comprises pairs of constant magnets and the magnets are arranged on the stator's sides so the poles are positioned interchangeably (N-S-N-S) on the same side of the rotor and the poles of one side face opposite poles of the other side and the number of pairs of constant magnets is equal at least four or any even number multiple of four or six; pairs of contact brushes are electrically connected to the switchgear so that adjacent pairs of brushes have opposite polarity, wherein the number of the solenoids or electromagnets is equal at least the double number of the number of the pairs of the permanent magnets.

6. A power plant according to any claim 1 to 5, wherein the fixing elements are in the shape of pierced discs with the solenoids or electromagnets installed in the disc holes and contacts of the solenoids or electromagnets are located on the cylindrical sides of the discs.

7. A power plant according to any claim 1 to 6 wherein the fixing elements are in the shape of the star and the solenoids or electromagnets are installed in grooves of the fixing elements and contacts of the solenoids or electromagnets are on side faces of the fixing elements.

8. A power plant according to any claim 1from 1 to 7, wherein fixing elements are in the shape of radial-spoke wheels and the solenoids or electromagnets are installed in segmental holes of the radial-spoke wheels, terminal pairs of the solenoids or electromagnets are arranged on cylindrical sides of the radial-spoke wheels.

9. A power plant according to any claim from 1 to 8, wherein the armature is in the shape of a hollow cylinder rigidly mounted on the shaft.

10. A power plant according to any claim 1 1 to 9, wherein a separate pair of contacts is used for every solenoid or electromagnet and the contacts are arranged in circular rows.

11. A power plant according to any claim 1 to 10, wherein contacts of solenoids or electromagnets are slip-rings or slip-rolls.

12. A power plant according to claim 1 , wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator is designed to include a motor case (8), accommodated armature in the shape of a flanged bobbin (16), a stator (17) and at least one pair of solenoids or electromagnets (14), wherein the armature comprises a shaft (12), bearings (13) and two circular rows of permanent magnets which are arranged on the flanges coaxially and oppositely poled and the permanent magnets can be the shape of such bodies as a disc, a cylinder, a spherical segment, a ring , a semi-ring, a torus or an arc; the stator includes at least one pair of solenoids or electromagnets and electromagnetic sensors rigidly mounted on at least one stator holder (18). The stator is fixed between the flanges of the armature which can revolve freely and the permanent magnets in the armature are equally spaced from the shaft and their assumed longitudinal axes are parallel to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft and the distance between the assumed longitudinal axes of all pairs of adjacent magnets is the same and the armature and the stator holder are made of dielectric and diamagnetic material.

13. A power plant according to claim 12, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises solenoids.

14. A power plant according to claim 13, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises electromagnets.

15. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 14, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises fixing elements rigidly mounted on the shaft and the plains of the fixing elements are perpendicular to the assumed longitudinal axis of the shaft.

16. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 15, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises, a rotor, wherein permanent magnets are in the shape of semi-rings or arches and are positioned on the flanges of the rotor so that their poles are arranged interchangeably (N - S - N - S) on the same side of the rotor and facing unlike poles on the opposite side

17. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 16, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises fixing elements in the shape of pierced discs or stars.

18. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 17, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises elements in the shape of radial-spoke wheels. 9. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 18, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises at least one rotor position sensor.

20. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 19, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises at least one rotor position sensor fixed on the shaft.

21. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 21 , wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises at least one rotor position sensor fixed on the holder of the solenoids or electromagnets.

22. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 21 , wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises at least one rotor position sensor fixed on the motor case.

23. A power plant according to any claim from 12 to 22, wherein the direct current motor with a powered stator comprises at least one Hall sensor as a rotor position sensor.

24. A power plant according to any claim from 1 to 23 wherein a DC power generator is used to serve the function of the electric power generator.

25. A power plant according to any claim from 1 to 23, wherein an AC power generator is used to serve the function of the electric power generator, and additionally comprising a rectifier to convert alternating current produced by the AC generator into direct current and the rectifier is arranged between the AC generator output and the switchgear input so that the AC generator output is connected with the rectifier input, and the rectifier output is connected with the switchgear input.