WO2017076783A1

WO2017076783A1 - Rear wheel suspension for a vehicle that can tilt on a curve

Info

Publication number: WO2017076783A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/076182
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kurt Aregger
Original assignee: Armec Mechanik Ag
Priority date: 2015-11-04
Filing date: 2016-10-30
Publication date: 2017-05-11
Also published as: CH711724A2; EP3371041A1

Abstract

The real wheel suspension comprises two longitudinal trailing arms (1) that can pivot up and down about a transverse axis to the vehicle longitudinal axis, on the ends of which the rear wheels (11, 12) of the vehicle are mounted. The longitudinal trailing arms (1) are directly or indirectly hinged to the outer ends of a balance beam (8), the central rotation point of which (9) is directly or indirectly supported on the chassis (24) by a suspension strut (6, 7). In the forward end region thereof, the longitudinal trailing arms (1) each comprise a pivoting beam (2) projecting upwards or downwards with respect to its direction of extent, which pivot together therewith, wherein said pivoting beams (2) are hinged by the outer ends thereof to the outer ends of the balance beams (8). The central rotation point (9) of the balance beam is rotatably connected to the upper end of a pivot strut (5), said pivot strut (5) of the balance beam (8) being pivotably mounted by the lower end thereof about a transverse axis to the vehicle chassis (24), and on the front side or rear side thereof viewed in the vehicle direction is supported on the chassis (24) by a suspension strut (6, 7) comprising a shock absorber (6) and compression spring (7).

Description

Rear suspension for one

tiltable vehicle in the bend

This invention relates to a rear suspension which is applicable to a vehicle which is tiltable for cornering. Such vehicles are known in various constructions, notably as tricycles, for example, such as that disclosed in WO96 / 24681 Motorized Tricycle Vehicle. There, the tricycle has a driven front wheel and two trailing rear wheels on spaced tracks continuously. The aim was to create a compact, narrow vehicle that can be used with minimal space on the road especially for commuter traffic, but still offers full weather protection. There are also tricycles are known which have a single rear wheel and front two wheels running on spaced tracks, such as the well-known Morgan Three-Wheeler and similar constructions. However, these are designed to achieve the lowest possible center of gravity and thus allow high cornering speeds for sporty driving and they are not tilted. The rear part of motorcycles, that is the frame from the steering head tube, with the tank and engine as well as the rear wheel, were docked in antique constructions on a two-lane car front to construct a stable tricycle vehicle. The steering then takes place by a pivoting of the front end relative to the rear end about a vertical axis, or by means of steered front wheels. There are also scooters that instead of just two on a track rolling wheels, a front and a rear, front two parallel side by side rolling wheels and thus have a total of three wheels, such as the Piaggo MP3 scooter. This design is intended to provide improved driving stability. The Quadro4 scooter from Quadro Vehicles SA, a four-wheeled scooter with two parallel front wheels and two parallel rear wheels, goes one step further. This Quardo4 scooter has two driven wheels and a hydraulic tilt system for cornering.

A major advantage of a tricycle is that there are few building codes and standards that it needs to meet, so it can be relatively inexpensively developed and built and also easily gets a traffic permit. If a tricycle is designed with a narrow track, just to take up little space in the traffic flow and to be agile, it must be tilted for cornering, otherwise the vehicle would soon tip over. A two-wheeler also has a slim silhouette, but first of all, two-wheel driving is not for everyone and it also requires a special two-wheel driver's license, and on the other hand you are exposed to the weather on a two-wheeler and have to set foot on the ground each time you stop not fall over.

The conventional tiltable three- and four-wheeled vehicles usually work with a complicated tilt system, which takes over the sensor-controlled active tilting of the vehicle for cornering. However, this intervention in the driving dynamics is often perceived as disturbing. However, if the suspension is designed so that the vehicle is always freely tilted, then the stability is missing when stopping and the vehicle tilts to one side, if the tilt capability is not prevented or one puts a foot on the ground. But if you have to park one foot on the ground, the vehicle can not be realized with a really closed cabin for weather protection.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve, rear two-lane vehicle, which provides a free tilting of the vehicle for cornering, but at very slow speed and standing up the two rear wheels in stabilizes the way that the vehicle - whether in a flat or in any direction inclined ground - consistently keeps upright in the Lot, so that the vehicle is stable and can stand up with a foot failure. Thus, the vehicle should be able to be realized even with a closed cabin, although it is executable with a narrow track and therefore requires very little space on the street as well as on parking lots. It does not matter if this vehicle is designed as a three- or vierrädriges vehicle, so with front only one wheel or two wheels with tiltable suspension. It does not matter how the vehicle is driven, whether with an electric motor, with a gasoline or diesel engine or with other sources of power.

This object is achieved by a rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve vehicle, with two about a transverse axis to the vehicle longitudinal axis up and down pivoting trailing arms, at the ends of the rear wheels of the vehicle are mounted, and which is characterized in that the trailing arm are directly or indirectly hingedly connected to the outer ends of a balance beam whose central pivot point is supported directly or indirectly by a strut on the chassis.

Based on the figures, this rear suspension is performed on a vehicle presented and based on these figures, it will be described below and its function will be explained.

It shows:

Figure 1 The vehicle with this rear suspension seen from the side, in an upright, vertical position;

Figure 2 The vehicle with this rear suspension in after

inclined position, as in cornering for a left turn;

Figure 3 The vehicle with this rear suspension from obliquely behind seen in the left-inclined position, as in cornering for a left turn;

Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the rear suspension for the

Tilting ability and suspension of the vehicle;

FIG. 5 A representation of the articulation points of the two trailing links

Balance beam for their connection;

Figure 6 The rear suspension seen in a view from behind; Figure 7 The rear suspension in a view seen from the left side;

FIG. 8 The vehicle with a purely manually operable via foot pedals

Rear suspension seen in a view from the left side, with indicated cabin.

In Figure 1, an overall concept of a vehicle with such a rear suspension is shown first. It is a three-wheeler with a single front wheel, which is like a motorcycle on a shock absorber suspension fork 21, down the rear two parallel running rear wheels 1 1, 12, but so hung, sprung and guided that the Total vehicle is tiltable in the curve. In particular, the vehicle is equipped here with a single seat 27, especially as a suitability for commuter traffic. After that, a single person weighing on average about 80kg ± 30kg of mass has to be transported from their place of residence to work and in the evening, and this should be done as comfortably, ecologically and economically as possible.

Comfortable means the vehicle should allow a weather-protected transport, with heating and / or cooling. This can be achieved in the present case, because the rear suspension to be disclosed makes it possible to realize this vehicle concept with a closed cabin, which is then readily heatable and / or coolable. Comfortable also means that the vehicle can be driven with normal clothing - by gentlemen if necessary in a fine business suit, by women also in Deux-Piece or Jupe or Rock, just as you can move with a closed car. Finally, comfort also means that listening to the radio and telephoning while driving is readily possible, and modern electronic devices can also be used for navigation and communication.

Ecologically, the vehicle is then when it is mobile with the least possible expenditure of energy. For this purpose, in the present case, for example, it is equipped with electric motors which offer the highest efficiency of all drives for the conversion of energy into mechanical work. With an electric drive the vehicle does not emit CO2 directly and is also quiet. Nevertheless, constructions with internal combustion engines or hybrid drives can also be implemented as required.

And economically, the vehicle is because it is designed to be particularly compact and especially narrow thanks to its special rear suspension, and while driving is still tilted for cornering, and because it has a small total mass and correspondingly little energy is needed to it to move. In addition, it offers because of its construction as a tricycle the particular advantage that only a few building codes are to be met and therefore it is very easy and can be produced with relatively few components, and as a tricycle internationally with both the car driver's license or the motorcycle driver's license is mobile , Because of its simplicity and compactness, it is easy and inexpensive to produce and its operation is also due to its energy efficiency and its relatively low weight also inexpensive, which is why it qualifies as a highly economical vehicle.

[001 1] In FIG. 1, only the mobile chassis 24 with all components necessary for the driving operation is shown. It is clear that this chassis 24 can be equipped with a closed cabin, so that the whole driver area is weatherproof. The cabin can be made of two shells, or as a monocoque, and be provided with one or two side doors, with all-round glazing and with an optionally openable roof. These are, however, questions about bodywork and they lead away from the gist of the present invention.

The vehicle as shown in the picture has a front fork 21 with front wheel 22, said fork 21 is pivotally mounted with its head in a steering head tube 23, which is connected to a chassis 24. The chassis 24 here has two longitudinal members 25, which are connected to cross braces 26 in order to achieve a high stability. The vehicle is equipped with a high-quality single seat 27, and with a handlebar 28 like a motorcycle. Behind the seat 27, the two longitudinal members 25 end with a transverse bearing 17. At this the trailing arm 1 are articulated on both sides. At this rearwardly extending and about the transverse bearing 17 on the chassis 24 up and down pivoting trailing arms 1 are at their rear ends of the rear wheels 1 1, 12 stored. Each rear wheel 1 1, 12 is equipped on its inside with a Antriebspulley 13, above this a toothed belt 14 runs as a secondary drive. The two toothed belts 14 for the right 12 and left rear wheel 1 1 are each driven by a separate, separate electric motor 15,16, ie an electric motor 15 for the left rear wheel 1 1 and an electric motor 16 for the right rear wheel 12. Under the seat 27th is the battery 18 and is an electronic control unit

19 housed with electronic control components. As a special feature, the two trailing arms 1 are provided with an upwardly projecting pivot lever 2, which is supported by a strut 3 on the trailing arm 1. If a trailing arm 1 or the rear wheel 1 1, 12 guided by it is pivoted upwards, then the upper end of the pivoting lever 2 moves forward in the direction of travel. The upper end of the pivot lever 2 is articulated to a hinge lever 4, and the other end is hinged to the outer end of a balance beam 8, said balance beam 8 extends transversely to the direction of travel and extending horizontally and rotatably in its center about the pivot point 9 on a pivot support 5 is mounted, which extends from this pivot point 9 obliquely forward down and is mounted at the bottom about a transverse axis to the vehicle pivotally mounted on the chassis 24. This swivel support 5 is supported on its front by a shock absorber 6 with respect to the chassis 24, as will become clear from further drawings. To mention is still that the vehicle with a tilt sensor

20 is equipped, which is housed in the example shown in the handlebar area. It is a pendulum, which can oscillate transversely to the vehicle direction, that is to say around the longitudinal center plane of the vehicle. Such tilt sensors are available today from bar. Installed on this vehicle, they measure its lateral inclination relative to the plumb when the vehicle is standing almost still or standing still. The deviation from the solder is determined directly and can be reduced by means of other facilities to be described, thanks to the special rear suspension immediately to a minimum. However, these actions are only necessary when approaching or completely resting the vehicle.

Figure 2 shows this vehicle construction or specifically the rear suspension in the left turn for a fully tilted position of the vehicle, with correspondingly raised left rear wheel 1 1 and corresponding down pivoted right rear 12. The pivot lever 2 of the left trailing arm 1 with his Articulated lever 4 is moved forward in this position in the direction of travel and Accordingly, the articulated lever 4, the left leg 29 of the balance beam 8 has pivoted about the pivot point 9 forward. Accordingly, the right leg 30 of the balance beam 8 has been pivoted to the rear, because the pivot lever 2 of the right trailing arm 1 has been pivoted to the rear, since the right trailing arm 1 was pivoted with the right rear wheel 12 downwards. The balance beam 8 is seated with its pivot point 9 on a pivot support 5, which leads steeply downwards towards the front and at the lower end about a transverse axis to the chassis 24 is pivotally mounted on this. It is supported approximately in its center towards the front by a strut with shock absorber 6 and compression spring 7 relative to the chassis 24.

Figure 3 shows the vehicle in the same inclined position, but now seen from obliquely behind. The left rear wheel 1 1 is raised and the right rear wheel 12 is lowered. It recognizes the trailing arm 1 of the left rear wheel 1 1 and the Antriebspulley 13 with the timing belt 14 for the secondary drive, and the pivoted balance beam 8 with its articulated levers 4 to the pivot bar 2. In this view, you can see the pivot support 5, the bottom of a Transverse axis is hinged to the chassis 24 and on the upper end of the balance beam 8 is rotatably mounted around the pivot point 9. Also visible is the shock with shock absorber 6 and compression spring 7. The strut supports this pivotable in the vehicle longitudinal direction pivot support 5 from the front down, while the balance beam 8 is pivotally mounted on the pivot support 5 about the pivot point 9.

From Figure 4, the entire rear suspension opens up with its most important parts, with the exception of the drive, using a schematic representation. It can be seen the two side members 1, at the rear ends of the rear wheels 1 1, 12 are mounted. These two side members 1 are pivotable at their front ends about fixed transverse bearing 17 on the chassis 24 of the vehicle up and down. At the front end of the trailing arm 1 lead firmly connected to them swivel lever 2 upwards and they are strung at its upper end with struts 3 relative to the trailing arms 1. This forms a very stable steel triangle. When a trailing arm 1 is pivoted upwardly about the transverse bearing 17 to which it is hinged, the upper end of the pivoting beam 2 accordingly moves forward and vice versa, as it pivots downward, the upper end of the pivotal beam moves 2 to the rear. The upper ends of the two pivot bars 2 on the left and right side of the vehicle are each hingedly connected to an articulated arm 4, and these articulated arms 4 lead to the outer ends of a balance beam 8 and are also hinged thereto. The balance beam 8 in turn is pivotally mounted on the upper end of a pivot support 5, which extends from the pivot point 9 of the balance beam 8 obliquely downwards and forwards, and which is pivotally connected at its lower end to the chassis 24 of the vehicle. The swivel support 5 can therefore be pivoted forwards and backwards in the longitudinal center plane of the vehicle. The balance beam 8 at the upper end of this pivot support 5 is pivotable back and forth in a plane perpendicular to this support plane. The balance beam 8 is so called here, because it acts in a similar way as a balance beam of a horse-drawn harness. There pull cables on both sides of a horse pull at the outer ends of a balance beam, and the center of a balance beam is connected with the car. The forces are therefore compensated and the car is pulled from a single point of pull, although the pulling forces of the horse on two hauling ropes, so incurred in two places. Equally, in this present rear suspension from the articulated arms 4 transmitted tensile forces act forward, in the vehicle direction, and they act on the outer ends of the balance beam 8. These forces are summed and centered in the middle of the balance beam 8, so only from its pivot point 9 from This is supported on its front side by a strut with shock absorber 6 and compression spring 7, which strut is also hinged to the chassis 24. No matter in which position the rear wheels 1 1, 12 are, - the load resting on them is therefore converted via the side members 1, pivot bar 2 and articulated arms 4 in tensile forces acting on the outer ends of the balance beam 8 to the front. The balance beam 8 in turn transmits the tensile forces on the pivot support 5 and this on the strut to the vehicle chassis 24. The strut with its compression spring 7 thus carries the load, the shock absorber in turn includes a shock absorber 6, so that each rebound and rebound is attenuated. This construction ensures that the suspension is effective, no matter what altitude the individual rear wheels 1 1, 12 are located. They are always coupled to each other via the balance beam 8 and move up and down alternately. If one rear wheel is pivoted upwards, the other is pivoted downwards and vice versa, depending on whether the load acting on the left or right rear wheel outweighs. In every position of the two rear wheels 1 1, 12 but both are sprung collectively, that is, the load acting on them is supported on the chassis 24 via the strut. It is thus realized an effective damped rear suspension. The vehicle can therefore be cornered and allowed to tilt in a natural way, as well as a motorbike that turns through a bend. The necessary inclination naturally comes naturally, uninfluenced by any kind of active tilting device that would only interfere. The handling is also extremely stable with this rear suspension, as proven by many practical road tests, regardless of the ground, whether on asphalt or uneven, bumpy roads. Compared to a single-track motorcycle, this vehicle drives much safer. A side slip of the rear wheels 1 1, 12 is easily parried and does not immediately lead to a fall, as is inevitable in a motorcycle in most cases.

At this point it should be noted that this construction of the rear suspension as just described also in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle as seen in 180 ° rotated manner would be feasible. On the trailing arms 1, the pivot arms 2 would then point downwards instead of upward, and if a trailing arm 1 pivots upward, its pivot arm 2 would swing backward rather than forward, and depending on the arrangement of the balance beam pull backwards at the ends thereof the balance beam 9 is arranged in the direction of travel in front of the pivot bar 2, or exert a compressive force on the ends of the balance beam when the balance beam is arranged behind the pivot arms. Depending on which one would arrange the pivot support accordingly and support it on its front or at the rear against the chassis.

In Figure 5, the suspension is shown again, in an enlarged view. It can be seen the two trailing arms 1, which connect at its front end upwardly directed pivot bar 2 and the struts 3, which connect the upper ends of the pivot bar 2 with the trailing arm 1 to a stable triangle. The trailing arm 1 are pivoted at its front end to the transverse bearings 17 on the chassis 24 and pivotally. At the upper ends of the pivot bar 2 articulated arms 4 are articulated, which lead to the outer ends of the balance beam 8. It recognizes the pivot support 5 below the balance beam 8 and the strut with Shock absorber 6 and compression spring 7 to support the pivot support 5 on the chassis 24. The scale beam 8 in its center rearwardly projecting semicircle 32 with teeth 33 on its periphery is used for active pivoting of the balance beam 8 and thus for actively changing the inclination of the vehicle or for blocking the inclination in a particular setting by means of a pinion not shown here, which engages in the toothing 33 and is electrically driven.

The drive of the vehicle takes place in the example shown via two electric motors 15,16, which are visible in Figure 6. There are two drum-shaped, externally ribbed at their circumference electric motors 15,16 each, for example, 6kW power. With a total of 12kW such a vehicle is very well motorized and can easily compete in road traffic, yes, it even offers exceptional acceleration values such as a sports car. These electric motors 15,16 rotate with an axis of rotation which is transverse to the vehicle longitudinal axis, and they drive via a respective output Pully 34 each a toothed belt 14, which leads to a Antriebspulley 13 which on the inside of the respective rear wheel 1 1, 12th sitting. The rear wheels are also equipped with disc brakes as standard. These two electric motors 15,16 can be controlled individually, for example, so that they run together synchronously forward or backward. Nevertheless, no differential gear is required for cornering, since the forces compensate themselves by the motor with the same power setting of the respective inside of the curve is slightly more loaded and therefore automatically less able to turn.

Figure 6 also shows the power of the trailing arm 1 seen in a view from the rear of the vehicle. It can be seen the two leading from the rear wheels forth trailing arm 1 with the upwardly branching pivot bar 2, and their struts 3 to the trailing arms. 1 The upper ends of the pivot bar 2 are connected via the articulated arms 4 with the outer end of the balance beam 8, which is spring-mounted and damped pivotable about the pivot point 9 on the obliquely forward and downward pivot support 5 in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

Figure 7 shows the rear suspension in a view seen from the side. You can see the pivotable about the transverse bearing 17 up and down trailing arm 1, the pivot bar 2, the struts 3, the articulated arms 4 and the balance beam In addition, one recognizes on the right rear wheel 12, the drive Pully 13 and the associated toothed belt 14. In this figure 7 is also still a peculiarity to see, namely two longitudinally variable, ie telescopically extendable struts 31 from the chassis 24th from articulated each with the front end of an articulated arm 4 or directly to the outer end of the balance beam 8 are hingedly connected. These struts 31 can be electromotive, hydraulic or pneumatic off and retracted. Their purpose will be explained later in more detail.

A problem with such a rear suspension with freely swinging rear wheels is basically the stopping and resting with the vehicle. If one were to stop the vehicle from full speed with the rear suspension as previously described, it would inevitably tip over to one side or the other after the stop until the trailing arms were deflected to the maximum and the driver would fall off the seat. It is, however, ensured that the vehicle can not fall over on horizontal ground, even with maximum lateral inclination. In the following, the solution is described, by means of which it is ensured that the vehicle can be stopped without tilting, but being held in the vertical, and that it can also be parked on an inclined plane along the height curve without tilting ,

As already mentioned, there are systems that operate for such three-wheeled or even vierrädrigen inclinable vehicles with inclination sensors and actively triggered, that is forced inclination, for example by means of an active hydraulic tilting device. Such tilting devices have been improved in recent years. However, they remain complicated and, however well constructed, the active intervention in the driving behavior is always noticeable, and this intervention is perceived as unpleasant, similar to something like when someone riding behind the bike holds on to the luggage rack. The associated interference interferes with the natural driving behavior, even if the person who holds on to the luggage carrier, only the slightest lateral forces exerted on him. With the presently presented rear suspension the completely natural and free inclination of the vehicle for cornering is ensured. But the design goes further and also solves the problem of how to avoid the danger of tipping when stopping and resting. For this purpose, a tilt sensor 20 (Figure 1) is installed in the vehicle, for example, within the vehicle chassis or in the handlebar area. Such tilt sensors are available on the market today in various designs. In the present case, an inclination sensor 20 is used, which encloses a pendulum in the interior, which detects only a deviation of the vehicle longitudinal center plane from the vertical position and outputs as a delta-Winkelmass to an electronic control unit 19, for example, be housed well protected under the seat can. In order to minimize the deviation from the perpendicular, the rear suspension is activated in the reverse direction of force, as follows: When driving, the movements of the wheels 1 1, 12 act on the trailing arm 1 and move the pivot bar 2 and the balance beam 8 and the forces ultimately act on the strut , For erecting and holding the vehicle in the solder, the rear suspension is now actively activated by motor, in a first embodiment, the electric motors 15,16 are used for this purpose. For example, in the state where a tendency to begin or even tilt of the vehicle toward the right side is detected by the pendulum of the inclination sensor 20 detecting a corresponding angular deviation from the perpendicular, a signal representative of this deviation is sent to the electronic control unit 19, and Control recognizes instantly, which side and how much the vehicle deviates from the Lot. Accordingly, it minimizes this inclination to zero by the two motors 15,16 are driven accordingly. In a tendency to be compensated to the right of the electric motor 16 is rotated for the right rear wheel 12 forward and the electric motor 15 for the left rear wheel 1 1 with the same torque backwards. This causes the front end of the trailing arm 1 on the right side of the vehicle to experience an upward reaction force, and the front end of the trailing arm 1 on the left side of the vehicle reverses a downward reaction force. In sum, the vehicle is pivoted upward from the rear, until it has taken the vertical posture, and due to the control loop, this posture is maintained. This mechanism also works out of the greatest possible inclination, and this function is set to be activated only in the slowest speed range, only from about 2km / h and less, including, of course, at a standstill. The practice shows that even when stopping a motorcycle, the inclination, ie falling over on one side, actually only after reaching standstill, at least before falling below 2km / h. Similarly, when starting the risk of tipping after reaching 2km / h already excluded. This also applies to the present three-wheeled vehicle. The erection described above takes place reliably in any case, even on steeply inclined ground, for example when the vehicle is to be parked along the elevation curve on a parking area with a steep bank. In this case, one rear wheel may be positioned far above the other for the vehicle to be vertical. Whether it is in the lead, is continuously determined by the tilt sensor 20, and if a deviation is detected, it is instantaneously minimized by appropriate activation of the electric motors 15,16 and set to zero. Only if the rear wheels should slip, such as on ice and snow, this system can fail.

In this case, an alternative construction is provided. Instead of the electric motors, which generate as described via a corresponding counter-rotating rotation of the rear wheels a righting moment, the two trailing arms 1 are pivoted by means of electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically adjustable supports or struts directly motor. For this purpose, for example, such longitudinally variable struts between the upper hinge point of the pivot bar 2 and the chassis 24 can to a certain extent be installed as movable struts 31, as shown in Figure 7 and described. If the vehicle is on ice or snow or muddy ground such as wet soil or mud, then straightening due to the counter-driven rear wheels could fail if they provide too little adhesion. To make the rear suspension for erecting the solder in all cases foolproof functioning, serve these telescopically extendable struts 31st The Ausfahrmaß the struts 31 can be electronically detected and also controlled, preferably by means of electric stepper motors, for example, by a threaded rod is guided in a nut, which is housed in the tube of the support 31. Or the telescopically extendable struts 31 are actuated hydraulically or pneumatically, both the extension and the retraction. This is done to the millimeter, so that any deviation of the lateral vehicle inclination compensated quickly by the Lot and the vehicle is kept in relation to its longitudinal center plane at standstill always in order. The securing of the vertical position can also be ensured by means of a pinion which engages in the toothing 33 on the semicircular element 32 on the balance beam 8 and can drive it to any desired pivoting position and hold it in this position. The rotation of the pinion or its electric drive motor is controlled in this case by the control unit 19, which is fed with the signals of the tilt sensor 20.

In Figure 1, a variant of the rear suspension is also shown, which is completely manually operated to stop. For this purpose, each of the two front articulation points of the articulated arms 4 out of a pull rod 35 is guided forward and articulated hinged to a pivotally articulated pedal rod 37 with pedal tread surface 36. The pedal bars 37 are pivotally mounted about the axis 38 relative to the vehicle chassis. Instead of pull rods 35 pull ropes can occur, in which case the pedal rods 37 are spring loaded so that they hold the traction cables permanently under tension. Pulling cables offer the advantage over the drawbars 35 that they can be guided around one or more deflection rollers and therefore do not require a direct, straight connection from the articulation points of the articulated arms 4 to the pedal rods 37. With these pedals, the balance beam 8 can be kept in extreme slow motion or at a standstill in that position in which the vehicle central axis is in the Lot and therefore hardly act forces on the pedals. In practical driving you put your feet on the pedal treads 36, just as you stand your feet while riding a motorcycle while standing on the ground to keep the bike in the Lot and thus in balance, so it does not tilt on one side. If you go off, you can take the feet away from the pedal steps 36, just as you lift off the feet of the motorcycle from the ground and touches on the footpegs. Only when you stop again with the tricycle shown here - just before the actual stop - do you put your feet back on the pedal steps 36, to keep the vehicle in equilibrium after a standstill, so that it remains in relation to its longitudinal center plane in the Lot whether on a horizontal or inclined ground. This requires little power, just as it takes little strength to keep a motorcycle in balance after the feet have been turned off. The position taken at a standstill of the rear wheels, that is, the pivotal position of the trailing arm 1, can now be blocked. A variant of this is the combination of the toothed semicircle 10 with a lockable pinion. The pinion cooperates with the toothing on the periphery of the semicircle 10, so that a further pivoting of the balance beam 8 is impossible. As a variant, a brake can be provided which blocks the tie rods 35 or the traction cables by clamping, so that the horizontal balance beam 8 is also blocked and can not pan anymore. For this purely manually operable solution for preventing a tilting of the vehicle at a standstill no tilt sensor is needed. It's just the driver's sense of balance that tells him when to pedal to hold the vehicle in place, just as a motorcyclist automatically shuts his feet off when he stops.

In Figure 8 is still a variant of a vehicle with such a rear suspension with a closed cabin shown to give an idea of how compact this cabin can be designed and how a vehicle can present itself with such a rear suspension. For the Karrossierung various variants are conceivable, which depend both on the intended purpose of the vehicle as well as design preferences. The vehicle concept is ideal for commuter traffic and the vehicle is designed in this case as a single-seater vehicle, so that the space behind the backrest of the seat can be used as storage space. Instead of the storage space in the form of a lockable trunk can occur an open cargo area. Such a pickup vehicle is then ideally suited as an agile vehicle for many service engineers in the urban area. Alternatively, the vehicle may be designed as a two-seat vehicle, with the seats in tandem, as shown in FIG. The side doors can be designed as desired, as well as the cabin shape and its design. So an open cabin version is conceivable, or one with only one openable roof. digits directory

1 trailing arm

2 swivel bars

3 strut (support swivel bar on the trailing arm)

4 articulated levers

5 swivel support

6 strut / shock absorber

7 compression spring to strut

8 balance beams

9 pivot point balance beam

10 toothed semicircle

1 1 Left rear wheel

12 right rear wheel Drive Pully to rear wheel

Timing belt as secondary drive

Electric engine for left rear wheel 1 1

E-motor for right rear wheel 12

Transverse bearing on the chassis 24 for trailing arm 1

battery

Electronic control unit

tilt sensor

front fork

front

Steering head raw r

chassis

longitudinal beams

Cross struts between longitudinal members 25

Single seat

handlebars

Left leg of the balance beam

Right leg of the balance beam

Telescopically extendable strut

Semicircle on balance beam

Toothing on semicircle 32

Output Pully on the electric motors

Tension rod for pedal operation of the rear suspension Pedal surface

pedal rod

Rotary axle pedal

Claims

claims

1 . Rear suspension for a vehicle tiltable in the curve, with two about a transverse axis (17) to the vehicle longitudinal axis pivoting up and down trailing arms

(1), at the ends of which the rear wheels (1 1, 12) of the vehicle are mounted, characterized in that the trailing arms (1) are connected directly or indirectly hingedly to the outer ends of a balance beam (8) whose central pivot point (9 ) is supported directly or indirectly by a strut (6,7) on the chassis (24).

Second rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing arm (1) each have a with respect to their course up or down projecting pivot bar (2) in its front end, so it pivots with them , Wherein these swivel bars (2) are connected with their outer ends hinged to the outer ends of the balance beam (8).

3. rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing arm (1) each have in their front end region upwardly or downwardly projecting with respect to their course direction swivel bar (2), said pivot bar (2 ) each with a strut (3) relative to the trailing arms (1) are strung so that each a triangle is formed, and these two pivot bars (2) with their outer ends hingedly connected to the outer ends of the balance beam (8).

4. rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the trailing arm (1) in its front end region depending on a direction of their course an upwardly projecting pivot bar

(2), wherein these swivel bars (2) each with a strut (3) relative to the trailing arms (1) are struts, and these two pivot bars (3) with their upper ends via a respective extending in the direction of the rear wheels articulated arm ( 4) are hingedly connected to the outer end of the balance beam (8).

A rear wheel suspension for a curve-tilting vehicle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central pivot point (9) of the balance beam is rotatably connected to the upper end of a pivot support (5), said pivot support (5) being suspended from the balance beam (5). 8) with its lower end about a transverse axis on the vehicle chassis (24) is pivotally mounted, and seen in the vehicle direction front or rear of a strut (6,7) of shock absorber (6) and compression spring (7) on the chassis (24) is supported.

6. Rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on both sides of the pivot support (5) each an electric motor (15,16) is installed, with axis of rotation parallel to a transverse axis to the chassis (24) on the respective vehicle outer side of the electric motor (15,16) an output Pully (34) sits on its output axis, via which a toothed belt (14) runs, the drive pulley (13) on the inside of the corresponding rear wheel ( 1 1, 12) drives.

7. Rear suspension for a curve-tiltable vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tilt sensor (20) is installed in the vehicle, for determining the angle of the vehicle longitudinal center plane to the Lot, and an electronic control unit (19) is present by means of which the angular deviation of the vehicle longitudinal center plane to the Lot in control signals for the electric motors (15,16) is convertible so that they exert a righting moment on the vehicle in Fahrzeugstillsand by opposing drive and thus the longitudinal center plane of the vehicle can be braced and preserved in the Lot.

8. rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the outer ends of the balance beam (8) and the chassis (24) each one of the beam ends from obliquely downward leading motor operable telescopically adjustable strut (31) is articulated to the chassis (24), and that a tilt sensor (20) is installed in the vehicle for determining the angle of the vehicle longitudinal center plane to Lot, and an electronic control unit (19) is present, by means of which the angular deviation the vehicle longitudinal center plane to Lot is convertible into control signals for the motor-operated telescopically extendable struts (31), so that they exert a righting moment on the vehicle in the vehicle stationary land by opposing extension and retraction and thus the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle can be brought into the Lot and durable.

9. rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the balance beam (8) in its center forms a rearwardly or forwardly projecting semicircle (32) whose outer periphery has a toothing (33), in which an associated electric motor driven pinion engages, so that by controlled rotation of the pinion of the balance beam (8) in any pivotal positions movable and is held in any position.

10. rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the balance beam (8) or its articulated arms (4) on both sides by means of a pull rod (35) or a pull rope with a pivoting pedal rod (37 ) is connected to Pedaltritt (36), so that the balance beam (8) by means of pedal operation in a balancing position is durable, in which the vehicle stands with its longitudinal central axis in the Lot.

1 1. Rear suspension for a curve-tilting vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is realized on a tricycle by the front wheel is guided and braced in the manner of the front wheel of a motorcycle in a telescopic fork sprung.

12. Rear suspension for a bendable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it is realized on a four-wheeled vehicle by the two front wheels in the manner of a front two-lane running laterally tiltable front suspension with damped springs in the manner of a Scooters are guided.

13. Rear suspension for a curve-tilting vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is realized on a vehicle with a closed cabin for one or two people.

14. Rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it is realized on a vehicle with open-topped or openable cabin for one or two people.

15. Rear suspension for a tiltable in the curve of the vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it is realized on a single-seater designed vehicle with a closed cabin and rear open or closed loading platform as a pickup vehicle.