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WO2017057199A1 - Electrostatic precipitator for treating diesel engine exhaust gas - Google Patents

Electrostatic precipitator for treating diesel engine exhaust gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017057199A1
WO2017057199A1 PCT/JP2016/078098 JP2016078098W WO2017057199A1 WO 2017057199 A1 WO2017057199 A1 WO 2017057199A1 JP 2016078098 W JP2016078098 W JP 2016078098W WO 2017057199 A1 WO2017057199 A1 WO 2017057199A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
discharge electrode
collecting
exhaust gas
tubular
collection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/078098
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
宗勝 古堅
義 牧野
利一 渡邊
Original Assignee
臼井国際産業株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 臼井国際産業株式会社 filed Critical 臼井国際産業株式会社
Publication of WO2017057199A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017057199A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/019—Post-treatment of gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/01—Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation
    • B03C3/011—Prefiltering; Flow controlling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/017—Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for
    • B03C3/0175—Amassing particles by electric fields, e.g. agglomeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/025—Combinations of electrostatic separators, e.g. in parallel or in series, stacked separators or dry-wet separator combinations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/06—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/15—Centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/36—Controlling flow of gases or vapour
    • B03C3/361—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector
    • B03C3/366—Controlling flow of gases or vapour by static mechanical means, e.g. deflector located in the filter, e.g. special shape of the electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/10—Ionising electrode with two or more serrated ends or sides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/30—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation for use in or with vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical processing technology for exhaust gas using corona discharge in diesel engines such as marine, power generation, and general industrial engines, and in particular, exhausts high-temperature exhaust gas using lower quality fuel than heavy oil.
  • the present invention relates to an electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine.
  • Diesel engines are widely used as power sources for various ships, generators, large construction machines, and various automobiles.
  • PM partate matter contained in exhaust gas discharged from diesel engines is well known.
  • purification of the exhaust gas is extremely important. For this reason, many proposals have already been made, such as improvement of the combustion method of diesel engines, the use of various exhaust gas filters, and a method of electrical treatment using corona discharge, some of which have been put into practical use.
  • the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment apparatus in which the tubular collection portion is a multistage system is a small-diameter capture fixed to the main collection pipe 91-1 as the first-stage small-diameter tubular collection module on the most upstream side.
  • a small-diameter collecting portion 91-1A in which the radial first-stage discharge electrode 91-1A-2 held inside the collecting tube 91-1A-1 is fixed to the common main electrode 91-2a
  • the second-stage As a medium-diameter tubular collection module, a radial second-stage discharge electrode 91-1B-2 held inside the intermediate-diameter collection tube 91-1B-1 is fixed to a common main electrode 91-2a.
  • the built-in medium-diameter collecting portion 91-1B and the third-stage largest diameter tubular collecting module on the most downstream side include a large-diameter collecting tube 91-1C-1 common to the collecting tube 91-1.
  • a radial third stage discharge electrode 91-1C-2 held inside is fixed to a common main electrode 91-2a. Is obtained by a large ⁇ collection part 91-1C was built.
  • the discharge electrode 91-2 includes a substrate portion 91-2f in which, for example, a saw blade-shaped discharge plate portion (mountain portion) 91-2e extends in the axial direction of the main electrode 91-2a.
  • the cyclone type separation and collection means 94 provided between the downstream side and the upstream side of the tubular collection unit 91 includes a cyclone collection unit 94-1 and a return pipe 94 from the cyclone collection unit 94-1. -2.
  • the cyclone collecting part 94-1 is connected to a high concentration exhaust gas pipe 95 provided in a high concentration exhaust gas outlet part 91-1b provided in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface on the downstream side of the collection pipe 91-1 of the tubular collection part 91. It is composed of a tangential cyclone 94-3 connected through a reflux pipe 94-2, and further, purification after passing through the tangential cyclone 94-3 between the tangential cyclone 94-3 and the exhaust gas introduction pipe 91-1a.
  • a reflux pipe 94-2 is provided for joining the gas to the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas introduction pipe 91-1a.
  • 96 is a blower
  • 97 is a flow control damper.
  • the above-described conventional diesel engine exhaust gas purification device (multistage type) that electrically processes PM in the exhaust gas using corona discharge has the following problems. That is, in the electric dust collecting means in the diesel engine exhaust gas purification device, when the diesel engine becomes large and the amount of exhaust gas to be processed increases, the cylindrical tubular collection part inevitably has a large pipe diameter and pipe axial length. Things are needed. However, as shown in the configuration example of FIG. 4 in the large-diameter tubular collection portion, the tubular collection portion 91 composed of the discharge electrode and the dust collection electrode has a tubular collection portion having a short diameter in the axial direction and different in diameter.
  • a multi-stage collection tube constructed by combining multiple modules is effective to increase the collection efficiency, but it requires a long length in the tube axis direction as the diameter of the tubular collection section increases. There is a possibility that strength problems may occur in the structure of the discharge electrode, the multistage collector tube, and the like configured as described above, and this is accompanied by difficulty.
  • the present invention has been made to overcome the above-described problems of the prior art, and is sufficient for increasing the outer diameter and axial length of the collecting tube of the tubular collecting portion in a multistage electrostatic precipitator. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment that can be used.
  • An electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment includes a discharge electrode for charging particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine using heavy oil, and a dust collection electrode for collecting the charged particulate matter.
  • the discharge electrode is disposed in the tubular collection portion in the direction of the tube axis, and the main electrode is disposed in the tubular collection portion.
  • a diesel engine exhaust gas treatment for the electrostatic precipitator In the main collection pipe of the tubular collection part, the upstream part side of the tubular collection part has a small diameter and gradually becomes a large diameter toward the downstream side, and the outer surface has a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the pipe axis direction.
  • a discharge electrode composed of a short discharge electrode needle or a low-height saw blade-like discharge electrode plate arranged radially, with a stepped step portion attached to the outer periphery of the main electrode via a stay
  • a multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder and a multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder are arranged in pairs on the outer periphery of the electrode support cylinder so as to overlap with the electrode support cylinder.
  • a multi-stage tubular collection module composed of a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection pipe having attached stepped steps is arranged in a plurality of stages at a desired interval in the tube axis direction. It is characterized by that.
  • An electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine comprises a tubular collecting portion comprising a discharge electrode and a dust collecting electrode, a multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube having a stepped step portion, and the multistage type A multi-stage tubular collection module comprising a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection tube having a stepped step portion arranged so as to overlap the electrode support cylinder on the outer periphery of the concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder. Combining multiple combinations not only increases the collection efficiency equivalent to the conventional multistage collection tube, but also the outer diameter and axial direction of the collection tube of the tubular collection section in the multistage electrostatic precipitator There is an effect that it can sufficiently cope with an increase in length.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus of the conventional multistage type dust collecting wall structure.
  • FIG. 2 It is a schematic longitudinal side view which expands and shows the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic perspective view which expands and shows the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus shown in FIG
  • An electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes three sets of multistage tubular collection modules 1-in the axial direction from the upstream side of the tubular collection section in the main collection pipe 1. 1, 1-2, and 1-3 are arranged at a desired interval. Each of the multi-stage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 has a stepped step portion in which the upstream side of the tubular collection portion has a small diameter and gradually increases in diameter toward the downstream side.
  • the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A and the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder have a small diameter on the upstream side and gradually increase toward the downstream side in the same manner as the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder.
  • the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A are short discharge electrode needles that are radially arranged on the outer circumference of each stage at a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the tube axis direction.
  • the multistage concentric cylindrical collection tubes 1-1B, 1-2B, and 1-3B are configured to be concentrically attached, and the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, -3A multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders corresponding to the short discharge electrode needles 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, 1-3A-1 radially arranged on the outer circumference of each stage of -3A
  • a plurality of stays 1-1B-1S, 1-2B-1S, and 1-3 are paired with 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A. Through -1S it is configured by attaching the main collecting tube 1.
  • exhaust gas passages 1-1B-1f, 1-B are formed in the vertical wall portions of the respective steps. Needless to say, 2B-1f and 1-3B-1f are provided.
  • the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be adopted as 3A-1.
  • the size of the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A may be the diameter of the main electrode 2 or the multistage concentric cylindrical collection tubes 1-1B, 1-
  • An appropriate size is set in consideration of the length of the discharge electrode needle and the distance W from the tip of the discharge electrode needle to the collection wall surface according to the inner diameter of each stage 2B and 1-3B.
  • the axial interval S between the tips of the adjacent discharge electrode needles is determined as appropriate in consideration of the Coulomb force in the same manner as the length H of the discharge electrode needles. Furthermore, the distance W from the tip of the discharge electrode needle to the collection wall surface is appropriately set in consideration of interference between the tip of the discharge electrode needle and the collection wall surface, Coulomb force, and the like.
  • each multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A the radius R of each multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A, the length H of the discharge electrode needle, the circumferential interval L of the discharge electrode needle, the tip of the discharge electrode needle, The distance W to the collection wall surface (inner wall surface) is appropriately determined according to the scale of the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment device, the arrangement position of the multistage tubular collection module, and the like.
  • the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment electric dust collector of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes three sets of multi-stage tubular collection modules arranged in the main collection pipe 1 from the upstream side of the tubular collection section. It is composed of mold tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3.
  • the electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine constituted by these three sets of multistage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, the exhaust gas flow flowing in the main collection pipe 1 is on the upstream side.
  • the PM particles are repeatedly charged and collected sequentially by the multistage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, and flow downstream.
  • the discharge electrode needles 1-1A- of the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A are provided in each of the multistage tubular collecting modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3.
  • PM particles are charged by 1, 1-2A-1 and 1-3A-1 and adhere to the multistage concentric cylindrical collecting tubes 1-1B, 1-2B and 1-3B, and PM is agglomerated and concentrated. Is promoted.
  • the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment electrostatic precipitator in which a plurality of sets of the multistage tubular collection module of the present invention are arranged that is, the multistage type attached to the outer periphery of the main electrode via a stay.
  • the discharge electrode is configured to support the discharge electrode depending on the size of the electrostatic precipitator for exhaust gas treatment of the diesel engine, the size of the main collection tube (tube diameter, etc.), the diameter and cross-sectional shape of the main electrode, etc. Needless to say, the tube, the discharge electrode needle, or the saw-tooth discharge electrode plate is manufactured by selecting the cross-sectional shape and size.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is an electrostatic precipitator for treating diesel engine exhaust gas, said precipitator being capable of adequately accommodating increases in the outer diameter and axial length of a collecting tube in a tubular collecting unit in a multistage electrostatic precipitator. The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of multistage tubular collecting modules are configured so as to be positioned apart on a plurality of levels at a desired spacing in the tube-axis direction; the multistage tubular collecting modules comprising multistage concentric-cylinder-shaped discharge electrode support cylinders and multistage concentric-cylinder-shaped collecting tubes; the multistage concentric-cylinder-shaped discharge electrode support cylinders having a tubular collecting part comprising a main collecting tube of specific length that constitutes part of a discharge electrode for charging particulate matter included in exhaust gas from a diesel engine in which heavy oil is used, and a dust collecting electrode for collecting the charged particulate matter, the multistage concentric-cylinder-shaped discharge electrode support cylinders further having, inside the main collecting tube of the tubular collection part, a discharge electrode comprising a short discharge electrode needle or a low-height saw-blade-shaped discharge electrode plate, on an outer surface thereof; and the multistage concentric-cylinder-shaped collecting tubes being positioned to form pairs so as to overlap said discharge electrode support cylinders.

Description

ディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置Electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment
　本発明は、船舶用、発電用、一般産業用エンジン等のディーゼルエンジンにおけるコロナ放電を利用した排気ガスの電気式処理技術に係り、特に重油より低質の燃料を使用する高い温度の排気ガスを排出するディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理用電気集塵装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an electrical processing technology for exhaust gas using corona discharge in diesel engines such as marine, power generation, and general industrial engines, and in particular, exhausts high-temperature exhaust gas using lower quality fuel than heavy oil. The present invention relates to an electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine.
　各種船舶や発電機並びに大型建機、さらには各種自動車等の動力源としてディーゼルエンジンが広範囲に採用されているが、このディーゼルエンジンから排出される排気ガスに含まれるＰＭ（粒状物質）は、周知の通り大気汚染をきたすのみならず、人体に極めて有害な物質であるため、その排気ガスの浄化は極めて重要である。このため、ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼方式の改善や各種排気ガスフィルタの採用、コロナ放電を利用して電気的に処理する方法等、既に数多くの提案がなされ、その一部は実用に供されている。 Diesel engines are widely used as power sources for various ships, generators, large construction machines, and various automobiles. PM (particulate matter) contained in exhaust gas discharged from diesel engines is well known. In addition to causing air pollution, it is extremely harmful to the human body, so purification of the exhaust gas is extremely important. For this reason, many proposals have already been made, such as improvement of the combustion method of diesel engines, the use of various exhaust gas filters, and a method of electrical treatment using corona discharge, some of which have been put into practical use.
　その中で、コロナ放電を利用して電気的に処理する技術としては、例えば特許文献１に記載された装置が提案されている。
　特許文献１に記載されている、重油以下の低質燃料を使用するディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置は、図４にその構成例を示すように、放電電極及び集塵電極よりなる管状捕集部９１に、軸方向に短寸で径の異なる管状捕集モジュールを複数組合わせて構成した多段方式を例示したもので、具体的には、管状捕集モジュールを管状捕集部の上流部側より小径捕集部９１－１Ａ、中径捕集部９１－１Ｂ、大径捕集部９１－１Ｃの３段式となしたものである。
　即ち、この管状捕集部が多段方式となしたディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置は、最上流側の第１段目の小径の管状捕集モジュールとして、主捕集管９１－１に固定された小径捕集管９１－１Ａ－１の内部に保持した放射状の第１段放電電極９１－１Ａ－２を共通の主電極９１－２ａに固定して内蔵した小径捕集部９１－１Ａと、第２段目の中径の管状捕集モジュールとして、中径捕集管９１－１Ｂ－１の内部に保持した放射状の第２段放電電極９１－１Ｂ－２を共通の主電極９１－２ａに固定して内蔵した中径捕集部９１－１Ｂと、最下流側の第３段目の最大径の管状捕集モジュールとして、捕集管９１－１と共通の大径捕集管９１－１Ｃ－１の内部に保持した放射状の第３段放電電極９１－１Ｃ－２を共通の主電極９１－２ａに固定して内蔵した大径捕集部９１－１Ｃとしたものである。この３段式の管状捕集モジュールを有するディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置における小径捕集部９１－１Ａ、中径捕集部９１－１Ｂ、大径捕集部９１－１Ｃの各放電電極９１－１Ａ－２、９１－１Ｂ－２、９１－１Ｃ－２は、図５Ａ、図５Ｂに拡大して示すように、集塵電極を構成する主捕集管９１－１の軸心付近をほぼ全長にわたって延びる主電極（電極棒）９１－２ａと、該主電極９１－２ａの長手方向に所望の間隔Ｓ´で配設された放射状に突出する電極針９１－２ｂの群とによって構成されている。この放電電極９１－２は、具体的には図６に示すように、例えば鋸刃状の放電板部（山部）９１－２ｅが主電極９１－２ａの軸方向に延びる基板部９１－２ｆを介して主電極９１－２ａと一体に設けられた鋸刃状放電電極板９１－２ｄを、前記基板部９１－２ｆを介して主電極９１－２ａに突設して構成されたものが採用されている。このように構成された放電電極９１－２は、捕集管９１－１の排ガス導入口９１－１ａ側に設けたシールエアー導入管部９１－１ｃと、低濃度排ガス導出管９２の入口部位に設けたシールエアー導入管部９１－１ｃに垂設した支持体９３を介して主電極９１－２ａの両端部が支持されている。 Among them, as a technique for electrically processing using corona discharge, for example, an apparatus described in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.
As shown in FIG. 4, the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment device described in Patent Document 1 that uses low-quality fuel less than heavy oil has a tubular collection part 91 composed of a discharge electrode and a dust collection electrode. This is an example of a multi-stage system composed of a combination of a plurality of tubular collection modules that are short in the axial direction and have different diameters. Specifically, the tubular collection module is collected from the upstream side of the tubular collection part with a smaller diameter. The unit 91-1A, the medium-diameter collecting part 91-1B, and the large-diameter collecting part 91-1C are three-stage types.
In other words, the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment apparatus in which the tubular collection portion is a multistage system is a small-diameter capture fixed to the main collection pipe 91-1 as the first-stage small-diameter tubular collection module on the most upstream side. A small-diameter collecting portion 91-1A in which the radial first-stage discharge electrode 91-1A-2 held inside the collecting tube 91-1A-1 is fixed to the common main electrode 91-2a, and the second-stage As a medium-diameter tubular collection module, a radial second-stage discharge electrode 91-1B-2 held inside the intermediate-diameter collection tube 91-1B-1 is fixed to a common main electrode 91-2a. The built-in medium-diameter collecting portion 91-1B and the third-stage largest diameter tubular collecting module on the most downstream side include a large-diameter collecting tube 91-1C-1 common to the collecting tube 91-1. A radial third stage discharge electrode 91-1C-2 held inside is fixed to a common main electrode 91-2a. Is obtained by a large 径捕 collection part 91-1C was built. Each discharge electrode 91-1A- of the small-diameter collector 91-1A, the medium-diameter collector 91-1B, and the large-diameter collector 91-1C in the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment apparatus having the three-stage tubular collector module. 2, 91-1B-2 and 91-1C-2 extend substantially over the entire length of the axial center of the main collection tube 91-1 constituting the dust collection electrode, as shown in an enlarged view in FIGS. 5A and 5B. The main electrode (electrode bar) 91-2a and a group of radially projecting electrode needles 91-2b disposed at a desired interval S ′ in the longitudinal direction of the main electrode 91-2a. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the discharge electrode 91-2 includes a substrate portion 91-2f in which, for example, a saw blade-shaped discharge plate portion (mountain portion) 91-2e extends in the axial direction of the main electrode 91-2a. A saw blade-like discharge electrode plate 91-2d provided integrally with the main electrode 91-2a through the substrate is projected from the main electrode 91-2a through the substrate portion 91-2f. Has been. The discharge electrode 91-2 configured in this manner is provided at the inlet portion of the seal air introduction pipe portion 91-1c provided on the exhaust gas inlet 91-1a side of the collection pipe 91-1 and the low concentration exhaust gas outlet pipe 92. Both end portions of the main electrode 91-2a are supported through a support body 93 suspended from the provided seal air introduction pipe portion 91-1c.
　なお、前記管状捕集部９１の下流側と上流側間に設けられたサイクロン方式の分別捕集手段９４は、サイクロン捕集部９４－１と、サイクロン捕集部９４－１からの還流配管９４－２とで構成されている。このサイクロン捕集部９４－１は、管状捕集部９１の捕集管９１－１の下流側の内周面付近に設けた高濃度排ガス導出部９１－１ｂに設けた高濃度排ガス配管９５に還流配管９４－２を介して接続された接線式サイクロン９４－３で構成され、さらに接線式サイクロン９４－３と排ガス導入管９１－１ａとの間に、接線式サイクロン９４－３通過後の浄化ガスを排ガス導入管９１－１ａ内を流れる排ガスに合流させるための還流配管９４－２を配設している。９６はブロアー、９７は流量制御ダンパーである。 The cyclone type separation and collection means 94 provided between the downstream side and the upstream side of the tubular collection unit 91 includes a cyclone collection unit 94-1 and a return pipe 94 from the cyclone collection unit 94-1. -2. The cyclone collecting part 94-1 is connected to a high concentration exhaust gas pipe 95 provided in a high concentration exhaust gas outlet part 91-1b provided in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface on the downstream side of the collection pipe 91-1 of the tubular collection part 91. It is composed of a tangential cyclone 94-3 connected through a reflux pipe 94-2, and further, purification after passing through the tangential cyclone 94-3 between the tangential cyclone 94-3 and the exhaust gas introduction pipe 91-1a. A reflux pipe 94-2 is provided for joining the gas to the exhaust gas flowing in the exhaust gas introduction pipe 91-1a. 96 is a blower, 97 is a flow control damper.
特開２０１４－２３８０８６号公報JP 2014-238086 A
　しかしながら、コロナ放電等を利用して電気的に排気ガス中のＰＭを処理する上記した従来のディーゼルエンジン排ガス浄化装置（多段式）には、以下に記載する課題がある。
　即ち、ディーゼルエンジン排ガス浄化装置における前記電気集塵手段では、ディーゼルエンジンが大型となり処理する排気ガス量が増大すると、必然的に円筒状の管状捕集部は管径及び管軸方向長さ共に大型のものが必要となってくる。しかしながら、大径の管状捕集部には前記図４にその構成例を示すように、放電電極及び集塵電極よりなる管状捕集部９１に、軸方向に短寸で径の異なる管状捕集モジュールを複数組合わせて構成した多段方式の捕集管が捕集効率を高めるのには有効であるが、管状捕集部の大径化に伴い管軸方向に長大な長さが必要となり、前記したような構成の放電電極、多段の捕集管等の構造に強度的な問題が生じる可能性があり、その対応に困難性を伴う。 However, the above-described conventional diesel engine exhaust gas purification device (multistage type) that electrically processes PM in the exhaust gas using corona discharge has the following problems.
That is, in the electric dust collecting means in the diesel engine exhaust gas purification device, when the diesel engine becomes large and the amount of exhaust gas to be processed increases, the cylindrical tubular collection part inevitably has a large pipe diameter and pipe axial length. Things are needed. However, as shown in the configuration example of FIG. 4 in the large-diameter tubular collection portion, the tubular collection portion 91 composed of the discharge electrode and the dust collection electrode has a tubular collection portion having a short diameter in the axial direction and different in diameter. A multi-stage collection tube constructed by combining multiple modules is effective to increase the collection efficiency, but it requires a long length in the tube axis direction as the diameter of the tubular collection section increases. There is a possibility that strength problems may occur in the structure of the discharge electrode, the multistage collector tube, and the like configured as described above, and this is accompanied by difficulty.
　本発明は、上記した従来技術の課題を克服するためになされたもので、多段型電気集塵装置において管状捕集部の捕集管の外径及び軸方向長さの大型化にも十分に対応できるディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made to overcome the above-described problems of the prior art, and is sufficient for increasing the outer diameter and axial length of the collecting tube of the tubular collecting portion in a multistage electrostatic precipitator. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment that can be used.
　本発明に係るディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置は、重油を使用するディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中に含まれる粒状物質に帯電させる放電電極、及び、帯電された前記粒状物質を捕集する集塵電極を構成する所定長さの主捕集管よりなる管状捕集部を有し、かつ前記放電電極は管状捕集部内に管軸方向に配設された主電極と該主電極に配設された放射状に突出する電極とによって構成された電気集塵手段と、前記管状捕集部から剥離した粒状物質を分別して捕集する集塵手段を備え、さらに前記管状捕集部の下流側の軸心付近に粒状物質の低濃度排ガス導出管を、同管状捕集部の下流側の内周面付近に高濃度排ガス導出管をそれぞれ設け、粒状物質の高濃度排ガス導出部に前記粒状物質を捕集する集塵手段を連設した重油を使用するディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置であって、
　前記管状捕集部の主捕集管内には、当該管状捕集部の上流部側を小径となし下流側に向かって漸次大径となすと共に外表面に周方向及び管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて放射状に配置された短尺の放電電極針あるいは低高さ鋸刃状放電電極板からなる放電電極を備え、前記主電極の外周にステーを介して取着された階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒の外周に当該電極支持筒に相重なるように対をなして配置されると共にステーを介して主捕集管に取着された階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状捕集管とから構成された多段型管状捕集モジュールが、管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて複数段間隔配置された構成となしたことを特徴とするものである。 An electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention includes a discharge electrode for charging particulate matter contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine using heavy oil, and a dust collection electrode for collecting the charged particulate matter. The discharge electrode is disposed in the tubular collection portion in the direction of the tube axis, and the main electrode is disposed in the tubular collection portion. An electrostatic dust collecting means constituted by radially projecting electrodes; and a dust collecting means for separating and collecting the particulate matter peeled off from the tubular collecting portion, and further, an axial center on the downstream side of the tubular collecting portion A low-concentration exhaust gas exhaust pipe for particulate matter is provided near the exhaust pipe and a high-concentration exhaust gas exhaust pipe is provided in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface on the downstream side of the tubular collection part. Use heavy oil with continuous dust collection means A diesel engine exhaust gas treatment for the electrostatic precipitator,
In the main collection pipe of the tubular collection part, the upstream part side of the tubular collection part has a small diameter and gradually becomes a large diameter toward the downstream side, and the outer surface has a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the pipe axis direction. A discharge electrode composed of a short discharge electrode needle or a low-height saw blade-like discharge electrode plate arranged radially, with a stepped step portion attached to the outer periphery of the main electrode via a stay A multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder and a multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder are arranged in pairs on the outer periphery of the electrode support cylinder so as to overlap with the electrode support cylinder. A multi-stage tubular collection module composed of a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection pipe having attached stepped steps is arranged in a plurality of stages at a desired interval in the tube axis direction. It is characterized by that.
　なお、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒の外周に放射状に設ける短尺の放電電極針あるいは低高さ鋸刃状放電電極板は、例えば頂角が２０度程度で形状が略二等辺三角形を呈する放電電極針あるいは鋸刃状の放電電極板、又はコーンエッジリング形放電電極板もしくは筒形エッジリングで構成されているもの等を用いることができる。 The short discharge electrode needles or low height saw blade discharge electrode plates provided radially on the outer periphery of the multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder have, for example, an apex angle of about 20 degrees and a substantially isosceles triangle shape. It is possible to use a discharge electrode needle or saw blade-shaped discharge electrode plate, a cone edge ring type discharge electrode plate, or a cylindrical edge ring.
　本発明に係るディーゼルエンジンの排ガス処理用電気集塵装置は、放電電極及び集塵電極よりなる管状捕集部を、階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒の外周に当該電極支持筒に相重なるように配置した階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状捕集管とから構成した多段型管状捕集モジュールを管軸方向に複数組合せて構成することにより、従来の多段方式の捕集管と同等の捕集効率を高められるのみならず、多段型電気集塵装置において管状捕集部の捕集管の外径及び軸方向長さの大型化にも十分に対応できるという効果を奏する。又、この階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状捕集管とからなる多段型管状捕集部の場合は、短尺の放電電極針あるいは低高さ鋸刃状放電電極板を用いることができるので、電極針の剛性を維持し軽量化がはかられるのみならず、電極針あるいは電極板が高温にさらされても大きな熱変形を生じることがないため形状維持もはかられ、捕集率の向上にも寄与する。 An electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine according to the present invention comprises a tubular collecting portion comprising a discharge electrode and a dust collecting electrode, a multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube having a stepped step portion, and the multistage type A multi-stage tubular collection module comprising a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection tube having a stepped step portion arranged so as to overlap the electrode support cylinder on the outer periphery of the concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder. Combining multiple combinations not only increases the collection efficiency equivalent to the conventional multistage collection tube, but also the outer diameter and axial direction of the collection tube of the tubular collection section in the multistage electrostatic precipitator There is an effect that it can sufficiently cope with an increase in length. In addition, in the case of a multi-stage tubular collecting portion comprising a multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube having a stepped step portion and a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collecting tube having a stepped step portion, a short discharge electrode Needle or low height saw blade discharge electrode plate can be used, so that not only can the electrode needle be rigid and light weight, but also large thermal deformation even when the electrode needle or electrode plate is exposed to high temperature Therefore, the shape can be maintained and the collection rate can be improved.
本発明に係るディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置の一実施例（多段型集塵部構造）を示す要部概略縦断側面図である。It is a principal part general | schematic longitudinal cross-sectional side view which shows one Example (multistage type dust collection part structure) of the diesel engine exhaust gas process for diesel engine exhaust gas based on this invention. 図１に示すディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置の放電電極の一部を拡大して示す概略縦断端面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal end view which expands and shows a part of discharge electrode of the electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment shown in FIG. 図２に示す放電電極の概略縦断側面図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal side view of the discharge electrode shown in FIG. 2. 従来の多段型集塵壁構造のディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置の一例を示す概略縦断面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows an example of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus of the conventional multistage type dust collecting wall structure. 図４に示すディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置の放電電極を拡大して示す概略縦断端面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal end view which expands and shows the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus shown in FIG. 図４に示すディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置の放電電極を拡大して示す概略縦断側面図である。It is a schematic longitudinal side view which expands and shows the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus shown in FIG. 図４に示すディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置の放電電極を拡大して示す概略斜視図である。It is a schematic perspective view which expands and shows the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas processing apparatus shown in FIG.
　図１に示す本発明のディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置は、主捕集管１内に当該管状捕集部の上流部側より管軸方向に３組の多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３を所望の間隔を隔てて配置した構成となしたものである。上記各多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３はそれぞれ、当該管状捕集部の上流部側を小径となし下流側に向かって漸次大径となす階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａと、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と同様に上流部側を小径となし下流側に向かって漸次大径となし前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒の外周に当該電極支持筒に相重なるように対をなして配置される階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂとから構成されている。
　前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａは、各段の外周に周方向及び管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて放射状に配置した短尺の放電電極針１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１を有し、それぞれ複数のステー１－１Ａ－１Ｓ、１－２Ａ－１Ｓ、１－３Ａ－１Ｓを介して当該主電極２と同心に取着して構成され、前記多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂは、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの各段の外周に放射状に配置した短尺の放電電極針１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１に対応するようにそれぞれ前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａと対をなすように複数のステー１－１Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－２Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－３Ｂ－１Ｓを介して主捕集管１に取着して構成されている。なお、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａを主電極２に固定するステー１－１Ａ－１Ｓ、１－２Ａ－１Ｓ、１－３Ａ－１Ｓ、及び、多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂを主捕集管１に固定するステー１－１Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－２Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－３Ｂ－１Ｓとしては、板状のものあるいは棒状のものを用いることができる。又、多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂはそれぞれ径の異なる筒体を独立して階段状に設けることができる。なお、多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂが一体型の場合には、各段差の垂直壁の部分に排気ガスの通孔１－１Ｂ－１ｆ、１－２Ｂ－１ｆ、１－３Ｂ－１ｆを設けることはいうまでもない。 An electric dust collector for diesel engine exhaust gas treatment according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes three sets of multistage tubular collection modules 1-in the axial direction from the upstream side of the tubular collection section in the main collection pipe 1. 1, 1-2, and 1-3 are arranged at a desired interval. Each of the multi-stage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3 has a stepped step portion in which the upstream side of the tubular collection portion has a small diameter and gradually increases in diameter toward the downstream side. The multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A and the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder have a small diameter on the upstream side and gradually increase toward the downstream side in the same manner as the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder. A multi-stage concentric cylindrical collecting tube 1-1B having a stepped step portion arranged in pairs on the outer periphery of the multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder so as to overlap the electrode support cylinder; 1-2B and 1-3B.
The multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A are short discharge electrode needles that are radially arranged on the outer circumference of each stage at a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the tube axis direction. 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, 1-3A-1 and the main electrode 2 through a plurality of stays 1-1A-1S, 1-2A-1S, 1-3A-1S, respectively. The multistage concentric cylindrical collection tubes 1-1B, 1-2B, and 1-3B are configured to be concentrically attached, and the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, -3A multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders corresponding to the short discharge electrode needles 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, 1-3A-1 radially arranged on the outer circumference of each stage of -3A A plurality of stays 1-1B-1S, 1-2B-1S, and 1-3 are paired with 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A. Through -1S it is configured by attaching the main collecting tube 1. Note that the stays 1-1A-1S, 1-2A-1S, 1-3A-1S for fixing the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A to the main electrode 2, and The stays 1-1B-1S, 1-2B-1S, 1-3B-1S for fixing the multistage concentric cylindrical collection tubes 1-1B, 1-2B, 1-3B to the main collection tube 1 are as follows: A plate-shaped or rod-shaped one can be used. In addition, the multistage concentric cylindrical collection pipes 1-1B, 1-2B, and 1-3B can be independently provided with stepped cylinders having different diameters. When the multistage concentric cylindrical collection pipes 1-1B, 1-2B, and 1-3B are integrated, exhaust gas passages 1-1B-1f, 1-B are formed in the vertical wall portions of the respective steps. Needless to say, 2B-1f and 1-3B-1f are provided.
　前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの各段の外周に放射状に配置する短尺の放電電極針１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１としては、例えば図２、図３に示す構造のものを採用することができる。ここで、多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの大きさとしては、主電極２の直径、あるいは多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂの各段の内径に応じて放電電極針の長さや該放電電極針の先端と捕集壁面までの距離Ｗを考慮して適当なサイズに設定することになる。この短尺の放電電極針１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１としては、例えば頂角が２０度程度で、形状が略二等辺三角形を呈する板状部材を用いることができる。この放電電極針の長さ（放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの外周面からの突出長さ）Ｈは、クーロン力を考慮して適宜定める。この短尺の放電電極針は、主電極２の軸心方向に所望の先端間隔Ｓでかつ周方向に所望の間隔Ｌで放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの外周に放射状に突設する。又、隣接する放電電極針の先端の軸心方向間隔Ｓも前記放電電極針の長さＨと同様にクーロン力を考慮して適宜定める。さらに、放電電極針の先端と捕集壁面までの距離Ｗは、放電電極針の先端と捕集壁面との干渉、クーロン力等を考慮して適宜設定する。
　なお、各多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａの半径Ｒ、放電電極針の長さＨ、放電電極針の周方向間隔Ｌ、放電電極針の先端と捕集壁面（内壁面）までの距離Ｗは、ディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理装置の規模及び多段型管状捕集モジュールの配置位置等に応じて適宜定めることとする。 Short discharge electrode needles 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, 1- 1 arranged radially on the outer periphery of each stage of the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A. For example, the structure shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be adopted as 3A-1. Here, the size of the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A may be the diameter of the main electrode 2 or the multistage concentric cylindrical collection tubes 1-1B, 1- An appropriate size is set in consideration of the length of the discharge electrode needle and the distance W from the tip of the discharge electrode needle to the collection wall surface according to the inner diameter of each stage 2B and 1-3B. As the short discharge electrode needles 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, and 1-3A-1, for example, a plate-like member having an apex angle of about 20 degrees and a substantially isosceles triangle shape is used. it can. The length of the discharge electrode needle (projection length from the outer peripheral surface of the discharge electrode support cylinder 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A) H is appropriately determined in consideration of the Coulomb force. This short discharge electrode needle is radially formed on the outer periphery of the discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A at a desired tip interval S in the axial direction of the main electrode 2 and at a desired interval L in the circumferential direction. To project. Also, the axial interval S between the tips of the adjacent discharge electrode needles is determined as appropriate in consideration of the Coulomb force in the same manner as the length H of the discharge electrode needles. Furthermore, the distance W from the tip of the discharge electrode needle to the collection wall surface is appropriately set in consideration of interference between the tip of the discharge electrode needle and the collection wall surface, Coulomb force, and the like.
In addition, the radius R of each multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A, the length H of the discharge electrode needle, the circumferential interval L of the discharge electrode needle, the tip of the discharge electrode needle, The distance W to the collection wall surface (inner wall surface) is appropriately determined according to the scale of the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment device, the arrangement position of the multistage tubular collection module, and the like.
　上記図１～図３に示す本発明のディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置は、主捕集管１内に配置する管状捕集モジュールを当該管状捕集部の上流部側より３組の多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３で構成したものである。この３組の多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３で構成したディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置において、主捕集管１内を流れる排気ガス流は上流部側より順次多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３によりＰＭ粒子の帯電・捕集が繰り返されて下流側へ流れる。各多段型管状捕集モジュール１－１、１－２、１－３では、多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａのそれぞれの放電電極針１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１によりＰＭ粒子が帯電されて当該多段型同心円筒状捕集管１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂに付着し、ＰＭの塊状化・濃縮が促進される。 The diesel engine exhaust gas treatment electric dust collector of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 includes three sets of multi-stage tubular collection modules arranged in the main collection pipe 1 from the upstream side of the tubular collection section. It is composed of mold tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2 and 1-3. In the electric dust collector for exhaust gas treatment of a diesel engine constituted by these three sets of multistage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, the exhaust gas flow flowing in the main collection pipe 1 is on the upstream side. The PM particles are repeatedly charged and collected sequentially by the multistage tubular collection modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, and flow downstream. In each of the multistage tubular collecting modules 1-1, 1-2, and 1-3, the discharge electrode needles 1-1A- of the multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinders 1-1A, 1-2A, and 1-3A are provided. PM particles are charged by 1, 1-2A-1 and 1-3A-1 and adhere to the multistage concentric cylindrical collecting tubes 1-1B, 1-2B and 1-3B, and PM is agglomerated and concentrated. Is promoted.
　なお、上記した本発明の、多段型管状捕集モジュールが複数組配置されたディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置の放電電極、即ち、主電極の外周にステーを介して取着された多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と、各放電電極支持筒の表面に周方向及び管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて放射状に配置された短尺の放電電極針あるいは鋸刃状の放電電極板とで構成される放電電極は、当該ディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置の規模、あるいは主捕集管の大きさ（管径等）、主電極の直径や断面形状等に応じて、その放電電極支持筒、放電電極針あるいは鋸刃状の放電電極板の断面形状や大きさ等を選択して製作することはいうまでもない。 In addition, the discharge electrode of the diesel engine exhaust gas treatment electrostatic precipitator in which a plurality of sets of the multistage tubular collection module of the present invention are arranged, that is, the multistage type attached to the outer periphery of the main electrode via a stay. A concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube, and short discharge electrode needles or saw blade-shaped discharge electrode plates arranged radially on the surface of each discharge electrode support tube at a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the tube axis direction. The discharge electrode is configured to support the discharge electrode depending on the size of the electrostatic precipitator for exhaust gas treatment of the diesel engine, the size of the main collection tube (tube diameter, etc.), the diameter and cross-sectional shape of the main electrode, etc. Needless to say, the tube, the discharge electrode needle, or the saw-tooth discharge electrode plate is manufactured by selecting the cross-sectional shape and size.
　１　主捕集管
　１－１、１－２、１－３　多段型管状捕集モジュール
　１－１Ａ、１－２Ａ、１－３Ａ　多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒
　１－１Ｂ、１－２Ｂ、１－３Ｂ　多段型同心円筒状捕集管
　１－１Ａ－１、１－２Ａ－１、１－３Ａ－１　短尺の放電電極針
　１－１Ａ－１Ｓ、１－２Ａ－１Ｓ、１－３Ａ－１Ｓ、１－１Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－２Ｂ－１Ｓ、１－３Ｂ－１Ｓ　ステー
１－１Ｂ－１ｆ、１－２Ｂ－１ｆ、１－３Ｂ－１ｆ　排気ガスの通孔
　２　主電極
　Ｓ　放電電極針先端の軸心方向間隔
　Ｌ　放電電極針先端の周方向間隔
　Ｈ　放電電極針の長さ
　Ｗ　放電電極針先端と捕集壁面（内壁面）までの距離
　Ｒ　放電電極支持筒の半径 1 Main collection tube 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 Multistage tubular collection module 1-1A, 1-2A, 1-3A Multistage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support cylinder 1-1B, 1-2B, 1-3B Multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection tube 1-1A-1, 1-2A-1, 1-3A-1 Short discharge electrode needle 1-1A-1S, 1-2A-1S, 1-3A-1S 1-1B-1S, 1-2B-1S, 1-3B-1S Stay 1-1B-1f, 1-2B-1f, 1-3B-1f Exhaust gas passage 2 Main electrode S Discharge electrode needle tip Axial distance L Discharge electrode needle tip circumferential distance H Discharge electrode needle length W Distance between discharge electrode needle tip and collection wall (inner wall surface) R Radius of discharge electrode support tube

Claims (1)

  1. 　重油を使用するディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中に含まれる粒状物質に帯電させる放電電極、及び、帯電された前記粒状物質を捕集する集塵電極を構成する所定長さの主捕集管よりなる管状捕集部を有し、かつ前記放電電極は管状捕集部内に管軸方向に配設された主電極と該主電極に配設された放射状に突出する電極とによって構成された電気集塵手段と、前記管状捕集部から剥離した粒状物質を分別して捕集する集塵手段を備え、さらに前記管状捕集部の下流側の軸心付近に粒状物質の低濃度排ガス導出管を、同管状捕集部の下流側の内周面付近に高濃度排ガス導出管をそれぞれ設け、粒状物質の高濃度排ガス導出部に前記粒状物質を捕集する集塵手段を連設した重油を使用するディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置であって、前記管状捕集部の主捕集管内には、当該管状捕集部の上流部側を小径となし下流側に向かって漸次大径となすと共に外表面に周方向及び管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて放射状に配置された短尺の放電電極針あるいは低高さ鋸刃状放電電極板からなる放電電極を備え、前記主電極の外周にステーを介して取着された階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒と、前記多段型同心円筒状放電電極支持筒の外周に当該電極支持筒に相重なるように対をなして配置されると共にステーを介して主捕集管に取着された階段状段部を有する多段型同心円筒状捕集管とから構成された多段型管状捕集モジュールが、管軸方向に所望の間隔を隔てて複数段間隔配置された構成となしたことを特徴とするディーゼルエンジン排ガス処理用電気集塵装置。 Tubular capture comprising a discharge electrode for charging particulate matter contained in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine using heavy oil, and a main collection tube of a predetermined length constituting a dust collection electrode for collecting the charged particulate matter. An electric dust collecting means comprising a main electrode disposed in a tube collecting direction and a radially projecting electrode disposed on the main electrode; And a dust collecting means for separating and collecting the particulate matter separated from the tubular collecting portion, and a low-concentration exhaust gas outlet pipe for the particulate matter is provided in the vicinity of the axial center on the downstream side of the tubular collecting portion. Diesel engine exhaust gas using heavy oil in which a high concentration exhaust gas outlet pipe is provided in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface on the downstream side of the collector, and dust collecting means for collecting the particulate matter is connected to the particulate high concentration exhaust gas outlet. An electrostatic precipitator for processing, In the main collection pipe of the tubular collection part, the upstream part side of the tubular collection part is made smaller and gradually larger in diameter toward the downstream side, and the outer surface has a desired interval in the circumferential direction and the tube axis direction. A multi-stage comprising a discharge electrode comprising a short discharge electrode needle or a low-height saw blade-like discharge electrode plate arranged radially and having a stepped step portion attached to the outer periphery of the main electrode via a stay A concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube and a multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube are arranged in pairs on the outer periphery of the multi-stage concentric cylindrical discharge electrode support tube and attached to the main collection tube via a stay. A multi-stage tubular collection module composed of a multi-stage concentric cylindrical collection tube having a stepped stepped portion is arranged in a plurality of steps at a desired interval in the tube axis direction. An electric dust collector for treating exhaust gas from a diesel engine.
PCT/JP2016/078098 2015-09-30 2016-09-23 Electrostatic precipitator for treating diesel engine exhaust gas WO2017057199A1 (en)

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CN109078756A (en) * 2018-07-30 2018-12-25 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Multi-dimensional corona electrode structure and electrostatic dust collector

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