WO2017041242A1 - 可回焊式温度保险丝 - Google Patents
可回焊式温度保险丝 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017041242A1 WO2017041242A1 PCT/CN2015/089236 CN2015089236W WO2017041242A1 WO 2017041242 A1 WO2017041242 A1 WO 2017041242A1 CN 2015089236 W CN2015089236 W CN 2015089236W WO 2017041242 A1 WO2017041242 A1 WO 2017041242A1
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- thermal fuse
- conductive
- activation button
- reflowable
- elastic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
- H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
- H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a reflowable thermal fuse, belonging to a surface mount type electronic device, in particular to a push-activated reflowable thermal fuse.
- Circuit protection components are often used to protect power electronics, so that the circuits of these products can be protected from faulty current circuits in a timely manner.
- Many over-temperature or over-current protection devices are used in the circuit protection requirements of these products. This also brings security and reliability to power electronics.
- this protection circuit can be used to protect against and avoid failure of the automotive engine control module, and even to prevent fires caused by power circuit failure.
- a thermal fuse is a type of circuit protection component.
- the function of the thermal fuse is somewhat similar to a traditional glass tube fuse. Under normal operating conditions, the thermal fuse can be turned on at both ends of the fuse portion, and when the fault condition exceeds the critical temperature, the fusible portion of the thermal fuse is broken to form an open circuit. When the temperature is lower or higher than the critical temperature, the temperature fuse is switched between on and off. That is to say, due to overcurrent or adjacent component failure temperature rise, the temperature fuse will switch from the on state to the non-conducting or off state once the temperature reaches a certain critical temperature.
- the thermal fuse must contain a conductive member, such as a wire, or a cap, or a tin-plated metal, or other phase-contacting metal that can be converted from a conducting state to a conductive state.
- a conductive member such as a wire, or a cap, or a tin-plated metal, or other phase-contacting metal that can be converted from a conducting state to a conductive state.
- the structure of the thermal fuse also includes a temperature sensing member.
- the physical state change of this temperature sensing member is related to its operating temperature.
- the temperature sensing member can be composed of a low melting point metal or a discrete meltable organic compound that melts at a particular critical temperature. When the temperature sensing member melts to change its physical state, the conductive path of the thermal fuse can be disconnected to switch from the conductive state to the non-conductive or open state.
- thermal fuse In actual operation, current flows through the fusible portion of the fuse. Once the temperature sensing member reaches a certain critical melting temperature, the thermal fuse can be switched from an on state to an open or non-conducting state.
- One disadvantage of existing thermal fuses is the thermal factor. Special care must be taken when assembling the board to prevent the temperature sensing member from reaching a melting temperature that changes its physical state. There is no such heat problem with conventional glass tube fuses, because the fuse holder is soldered in advance, and the fuse is inserted, and the fuse holder itself is not afraid of the peak or soldering heat.
- SMT technology is used to reflow the thermal fuse, special care must be taken to avoid the temperature sensing of the thermal fuse reaching the melting temperature that changes its physical state. As a result, the old thermal fuse cannot be reflowable because the temperature will exceed the specific critical melting temperature of the temperature sensing component during reflow soldering to the board, causing the thermal fuse to prematurely break from the conducting state. Open and cannot be used.
- a thermal fuse includes a conductive element that carries a flow of electrical current, and an elastic element that is adapted to apply a force to the conductive element.
- the conductive element incorporates a sensing element. When the temperature exceeds the sensing element threshold or melting temperature, the sensing element softens and loses its elasticity, making it susceptible to deformation or breakage by the force exerted by the elastic element on the conducting element. Eventually, the conductive element will be broken under mechanical force to cause an open circuit condition. The heat experienced during the reflow process may cause the sensing element to lose its elasticity and break.
- the thermal fuse includes: a base film; a pair of strip-shaped terminal portions disposed on the base film so as to be spaced apart from each other at a tip end portion; and a meltable material that is bridged between the pair of terminal portions; a flux on the melt; and a cover film provided in a meltable manner covering the flux applied, at least in the length direction of the thermal fuse, at the inner edge and the outer edge of the package The ends are cut off, and the base film and the cover film on the cut surface are welded again.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a reflowable temperature fuse which does not require a suppressing member to prevent the fuse from being broken during reflow soldering, and does not need to pass a current to blow the suppressing member after the reflow soldering is completed.
- a reflowable thermal fuse which is a thermal fuse, comprising:
- a conductive element comprising a first end and a second end
- a sensing element connected to one end of the conductive element for softening or melting deformation when the temperature exceeds a critical threshold
- An elastic component composed of a conductive material, is applied to apply a force to the conductive component, and under normal conditions, electrically connect the conductive component according to the elastic force;
- the activation button is used to apply force to the elastic member.
- the activation button is not in contact with the elastic member; after the assembly is completed, the activation button is pressed and applied to the elastic member to activate the thermal fuse. State, and under fault conditions, the conductive element is broken by the elastic element;
- the first pad and the second pad are respectively connected to the two ends of the conductive member, and are disposed on the cover and the base to form an inner portion.
- an external circuit such as two or more
- the sensing element when the temperature around the temperature fuse exceeds a critical threshold, the elastic force transmitted by the activation button pressing down to the elastic element causes the conductive element to be disconnected.
- the invention realizes the activation of the thermal fuse through an activation button, which not only simplifies the process of the pad design and the assembly process, but also improves the reliability of the device.
- the working principle of the invention is that the elastic element can exert a force on the conductive element in an activated state, and the elastic element applies a force to bond the conductive elements together in a normal state during reflow soldering assembly;
- the spring element employed in the prior art applies a conductive element that separates the force from the thermal fuse in the activated state.
- the activation button is pressed and a force is applied to the resilient member to bring the reflowable thermal fuse into an active state.
- the force applied to the resilient member by the activation button can be disconnected from the first and second ends of the conductive member when encountering, for example, a high temperature or overcurrent occurs or the adjacent device heats up due to a fault condition.
- the elastic element is in the shape of a raised reed or arch, one end of which is fixedly connected to one end of the conductive element, and the other end is elastically abutted to the sensor, and is electrically connected to the end of the other conductive element through the sensor. connection.
- the sensing element is composed of solder or other metal alloy having a melting point between 70 ° C and 250 ° C.
- the solder pad is fixed on the base, and the base is further configured to carry a conductive element, an elastic element and a sensing element electrically connected to the solder pad, and the base and the cover form an outer casing.
- the cover is used to insulate the outside and support the activation button.
- the base is coupled to the cover via a hook, glue and/or ultrasonic welding.
- the activation button supported on the cover is separately implanted, or extends along the inner groove of the cover via two arms or directly built inside the cover.
- the activation button includes two positions of protrusions or indentations for fixing in two states, an assembled state and an activated state.
- the solder pad is at least partially exposed to the outer casing and soldered to the PCB board or the panel.
- the first end of the conductive element is electrically connected to the first pad; the second end is electrically connected to the second pad.
- the first pad and the second pad extend the outer metal electrode.
- the activation button can be pressed via a thumb or tool or some mechanical operation, thus eliminating the need for an operational step similar to the previous use of current to blow the suppression element.
- the present invention is advantageous in that the assembly process of the reflow type thermal fuse can be effectively simplified, and the reliability of the product is also improved.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the reflowable thermal fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention in an assembled state (before activation);
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the reflowable thermal fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention in an activated state (after pressing the activation button);
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the reversibly solderable temperature fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the elastic member is disconnected under a fault condition;
- Figure 4 is a flow chart of the reflowable thermal fuse assembled on the PCB and pressing the activation button to activate the reflowable thermal fuse;
- Figure 5 is a view showing the use of an activation button and an elastic member block in the reflowable thermal fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention and the breaking of the elastic member under a fault condition;
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the base of the reflowable thermal fuse of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 7 is an explanatory view showing a layered structure of a reflowable temperature fuse according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the reversibly solderable temperature fuse of the third embodiment of the present invention in a state in which the elastic member is disconnected under a fault condition, the distance at which the activation button is pressed is far from the connection position of the sensing member, and the breaking distance of the elastic member is Also longer;
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a reflowable thermal fuse of a fourth embodiment of the present invention with an activation button extending from the two arms for advancement along the inner wall groove, wherein Figures 9a, 9b and 9c are activation button portions, respectively
- FIG. 9aA-A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the AA of FIG. 9a in a state in which it is inactivated, activated, but the elastic member is not deformed, and activated and the elastic member is deformed;
- Figure 10 is a perspective exploded structural view of a reflowable thermal fuse according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a reflowable thermal fuse according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein Figures 11a, 11b, and 11c are respectively activated, activated, but the elastic member is not deformed or deformed, and A schematic diagram of a state in which the elastic member is deformed to an open circuit;
- Figure 12 is a perspective exploded perspective view of a reflowable thermal fuse according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- a reflowable thermal fuse 100 includes a first end 110 and a second end 120 of a conductive element; a sensing element 180 coupled to the first end 110 of the conductive element that occurs when the temperature exceeds a critical threshold Softening or melting deformation; an elastic member 150, composed of a conductive material, is applied to the conductive member, and under normal conditions, the conductive member is electrically connected according to the elastic force; an activation button 130 is used to apply force to the elastic member, In the initial state of the thermal fuse, the activation button 130 is not in contact with the elastic member 150.
- the activation button 130 is pressed and applied to the elastic member 150 to activate the thermal fuse and under the fault condition. Disconnecting the conductive member by the elastic member 150; the first and second pads 141, 142 having electrical connection with the external circuit are electrically connected to the first end portion 110 and the second end portion 120 of the conductive member, respectively; The sensing element 180, when the temperature around the temperature fuse exceeds a critical threshold, the elastic force transmitted by the activation button 130 to the elastic member 150 causes the conductive element to be broken. .
- the elastic member 150 is fixedly connected to the second end portion 120 of the conductive member at one end, and the other end is elastically abutted against the sensor 180, and is electrically connected to the first end portion 110 of the conductive member via the sensor 180.
- Sensing element 180 can be made of a conductive material that has a relatively low melting point or that loses its elasticity at a particular temperature.
- the solderable thermal fuse 100 further includes a cover 160 and a base 170.
- the first and second pads 141, 142 are fixed on the base, and the base 170 and the cover 160 form an outer casing.
- the outer button is insulated from the outside and supports an activation button 130 that also carries the conductive member first end 110 and second end 120, the resilient member 150 and the sensing member 180 that are electrically coupled to the pads.
- the susceptor 170 can be made via an injection molding or PCB process.
- the base 170 can be coupled to the cover 160 via a hook, glue, and/or ultrasonic weld.
- the activation button 130 supported on the cover 160 is separately implanted, and the activation button 130 includes protrusions or indentations at two positions for fixing in two states, an assembled state and an activated state.
- the first and second ends 110, 120 of the conductive element and the elastic element 150 can also be disposed on the base or the circuit board accordingly.
- the first and second pads 141, 142 can be used to solder the reflowable thermal fuse 100 to a PCB board or panel (not shown), which also includes the first and second ends 110, 120 of the conductive element. It is connected to the outside of the cover 160 to be connected to the circuit, and can extend the external metal electrode.
- the load current flows through the first and second ends 110, 120 of the conductive element.
- the load current can be generated by the power supply and flow through the conductive element to other circuits.
- the elastic member 150 may be made of a conductive material such as copper, nickel, stainless steel or other metals. Other materials or structures may be used as long as they are capable of exerting a force on the conductive member.
- the elastic member 150 It is the same component as the second end portion 120 of the conductive member, and has both electrical conductivity and the function of applying force.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the reflowable thermal fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention in an activated state, after the reflow soldering, the activation button 130 is pressed so that the reflowable thermal fuse 100 is in an activated state. .
- This activation button 130 exerts a force on the resilient member 150 while the resulting internal stress is transmitted to the sensing member 180 to create a separate force which activates the reflowable thermal fuse 100.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the elastic element of the reflowable temperature fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention is disconnected under a fault condition, in which state the reflowable thermal fuse 100 has been previously pressed with the activation button 130. , is in the active state, as shown in Figure 2 above.
- a critical temperature such as 200 ° C
- the sensing element 180 loses its elasticity and/or becomes susceptible to deformation or melting.
- the force transmitted by the resilient element 150 to the sensing element 180 causes the sensing element 180 to open, thereby preventing current from flowing through the sensing element 180, and the conductive element is first disconnected from the circuit.
- the two ends 110, 120 also break the first and second pads 141, 142.
- Figure 4 shows a flow chart of the reflowable thermal fuse assembled on the PCB and pressing the activation button to activate the reflowable thermal fuse.
- the reflowable thermal fuse is placed on a PCB board or panel and passed through a reflow oven.
- the reflowable thermal fuse 100 of FIG. 1 is placed on a PCB board or panel during the assembly phase. On, then through the reflow oven.
- Solder is pre-coated through stencil to the appropriate position of the reflowable thermal fuse 100 pad on the PCB or panel. Place a reflowable thermal fuse and then pass the reflow oven to melt and cool the solder on the pad.
- the reflowable thermal fuse 100 of the present invention overcomes the problems encountered by the old thermal fuses in the surface mount process through reflow soldering.
- the innovative concept of the activation button makes the reflowable thermal fuse 100 easy to activate, and the conductive components are broken under subsequent fault conditions.
- Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the use of an activation button and an elastic member block and the breaking of the elastic member under a fault condition in the reflowable thermal fuse of the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the elastic member 150 is Designed to be used in the shape of an arch, and it can also be used as the second end 120 of the conductive element carrying the working current.
- the rear end of the second end 120 of the conductive element also includes the sensing element 180, which is the same as the conductive element. It receives the elastic force from the elastic member 150. In normal assembly state, this The spring force bonds the second end portion 120 of the conductive member to the first end portion 110.
- the activation button 130 can here provide a force to activate the reflowable thermal fuse 100.
- the reflowable thermal fuse 100 When the activation button 130 is depressed, the reflowable thermal fuse 100 has been activated, but the conductive element first and second ends 110, 120 and the sensing element 180 are still joined together. In the event of a subsequent fault condition or overheating, the sensing element 180 loses its elasticity and either becomes susceptible to deformation and or breaks, losing the ability to bond the first and second ends 110, 120 of the conductive element together. The disconnection is shown in the broken line portion shown in FIG.
- the present invention proposes an innovative concept of an activation button that can simultaneously accomplish the assembly process and the activation state.
- the direction of the stress generated by the elastic elements tends to cause the conductive elements to tend to bond together.
- the activation button can be pressed down, applying force to the resilient member. This step activates the reflowable thermal fuse.
- Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the base of the reflowable thermal fuse of the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the elastic member 250 is formed into an upwardly curved reed shape prior to manufacture, and the remaining structure is identical to that of Embodiment 1, so that when it is bent under the first end portion 210 of the conductive member, the elasticity Element 250 applies a force to weld conductive element first end 210, sensing element 280 together during reflow soldering.
- Fig. 7 is a view showing a layered structure of a reflowable temperature fuse according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the activation button 230, the cover 260, respectively, carries the first and second ends 210, 220 of the conductive element, the elastic element 250, and the base of the sensing element 280.
- Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the elastic member of the reflowable temperature fuse of the third embodiment of the present invention is disconnected under a fault condition.
- the activation button 330 of the reflowable thermal fuse 300 has been previously pressed in an active state, as described in FIG.
- the depression of the activation button 330 is far from the position of the first end 310 of the conductive member, so the end of the elastic member 350 is also longer, and can withstand higher operating voltage without arcing.
- the ambient temperature around the reflowable thermal fuse 300 reaches a critical temperature, such as 200 ° C, the sensing element 380 loses its elasticity and/or becomes susceptible to deformation or melting.
- the force transmitted by the resilient element 350 to the sensing element 380 causes the sensing element 380 to open, thereby preventing current from flowing through the sensing element 380, ie, breaking the first and second ends of the conductive element.
- 310, 320 that is, the first and second pads 341, 342 on the base 370 are disconnected.
- Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a reflowable thermal fuse of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the activation button 430 extends from the two arms to advance along the inner wall groove. To help activate button 430 Move more smoothly and calmly.
- the activation button 430, the cover 460, the first and second ends 410, 420 of the conductive elements, the resilient member 450, and the base of the sensing element 480 are shown, respectively.
- Figure 9a shows the state of the reflowable thermal fuse in the assembly phase, the activation button 430 is not depressed down to the active state, as shown in Figures 9aA-A, the activation button 430 does not abut the resilient member 450; in Figure 9b The activation button 430 is pressed so that the reflowable thermal fuse 400 is in an active state, but the sensing element 480 is not deformed greatly, and the circuit is still in an on state; and in FIG. 9c, in a fault state or beyond The heat causes the sensing element 480 to break or deform, causing the circuit to open.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing a reflowable thermal fuse according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the activation button 430, the cover 460, and the first end portion, the second end portion 410, 420 carrying the conductive member are elastic. Element 450, the base of sensing element 480.
- FIG 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a reflowable thermal fuse of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the cover 560 and the activation button 530 which is integral with the cover 560, respectively, includes a conductive element first and second end portions 510, 520, an elastic member 550, and a base of the sensing member 580.
- Figure 11a the state of the reflowable thermal fuse is shown in the assembly phase; in Figure 11b, the activation button 530 is depressed to cause the reflowable thermal fuse 500 to be in an active state; and in Figure 11c, The fault condition or excess heat causes the sensing element 580 to open the connection to the circuit.
- the activation button 530 is fixed in the cover 560. Therefore, after the reflow assembly is assembled, the action of pressing the cover 560 is equivalent to pressing the activation button 530 and causing the reflowable thermal fuse 500 to be activated.
- Fig. 12 is a perspective exploded perspective view showing the reflowable thermal fuse of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the reflowable thermal fuse 500 includes a cover 560 and a base carrying the first and second ends 510, 520 of the conductive elements, the resilient member 550, and the sensing member 580.
- the activation button 530 is here located within the cover 560 and is therefore not shown in the figures.
- the activation button can be implemented in various design forms as long as it can apply a mechanical force on the elastic member. After the reflow soldering temperature fuse is assembled, the activation button is pressed and the reflowable temperature insurance is activated. Unlike conventional reflowable thermal fuses, which must pass current to blow the limiting element, the simple mechanical design of the present invention can easily activate the thermal fuse, thereby increasing the reliability of the device and simplifying the process to reduce production costs.
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Abstract
一种可回焊式温度保险丝（100），包含：有第一端部（110）和第二端部（120）的导电元件，一传感元件（180）与导电元件的第一端部（110）或第二端部（120）连接，在温度超过临界阀值时，发生软化或熔化变形；一导电的弹性元件（150），用于施力于导电元件，依弹力作用把导电元件电气连接；一激活按钮（130），被按下并施力于弹性元件（150）上，使温度保险丝（100）处于激活状态，当环绕在可回焊式温度保险丝（100）周围温度超过一临界阀值，由弹性元件（150）断开导电元件；具有与外界电路形成电气连接的二个以上的焊垫，至少第一焊垫（141）和第二焊垫（142）与导电元件的第一端部（110）和第二端部（120）分别连接，设置在罩盖（160）与基座（170）结合形成一内部的容置空间内。
Description
本发明涉及一种可回焊式温度保险丝，属表面贴装型电子器件，特别是一种按压-激活可回焊式温度保险丝。
目前电路保护组件经常被拿来保护电力电子产品，使这些产品的电路能适时与错误失效的电流电路断开得到保护。在这些产品的电路保护需求前提下，很多过温度或过电流保护器件被应用进来。此举也为电力电子产品带来安全和可靠度的保障。例如，这保护电路可以用来防护并避免汽车发动机控制模组的失效，甚至防止电源电路失效引起的火灾。
温度保险丝是电路保护元件的一种。温度保险丝的功能有点类似传统的玻璃管保险丝。在正常的工作状况下，该温度保险丝可熔断部分连接两端形成导通，而在错误状况超过临界温度时，该温度保险丝的可熔断部分断开形成开路电路。当温度低于或超过临界温度时，温度保险丝就在导通与断开两种状态转换。也就是说，由于过电流或邻近元器件失效升温使得该温度保险丝一旦温度到达特定临界温度时，其将从导通状态切换成非导通或断路状态。
要促成这种转换，温度保险丝必须要包含一导电件，可以像是导线，或是连接盖帽，或是浸镀锡的金属，或是其他相接触金属，这些导电件能从导通状态转换成非导通或断路状态。温度保险丝的结构也包含了温度感测件。这温度感测件的物理状态改变会与其动作温度有关。例如，这温度感测件可以由一种低熔点的金属或分立(discrete)能熔融的有机化合物构成，能在一特定临界温度熔融。当此温度感测件熔融改变其物理状态时，能让温度保险丝的导电通路断开以使得从导通状态切换成非导通或断路状态。
在实际使用操作上，电流会流经保险丝可熔断部分，一旦温度感测件达到特定临界熔融温度，能使温度保险丝从导通状态转换成断路或非导通状态。现有温度保险丝的一项缺点是有关热的因素。在组装于电路板时必须特别小心避免温度感测件达到改变其物理状态的熔融温度。使用传统的玻璃管保险丝就没有这种热的困扰，因为保险丝座是预先焊上去，再插入保险丝而保险丝座本身并不怕波峰或流焊的热。但如果是用SMT技术回流焊上温度保险丝，就必须特别小心避免温度保险丝的温度感测件达到改变其物理状态的熔融温度。结果是，旧有的温度保险丝无法成为可回流焊的，是因为在回流焊组装到板子上的过程，温度会超过温度感测件的特定临界熔融温度，使温度保险丝从导通状态过早断开而无法使用。
温度保险丝的实现方法通常是做成引脚形式而且需要特殊小心处理并且也
不适合回流焊方式，因而可回焊式温度保险丝乃因应而生。一般来说，温度保险丝包括一个导电元件可承载电流的流动，以及一弹性元件适于施加力于传导元件。在一些实施例中，该传导元件会结合一个传感元件。当温度超过传感元件阈值或熔化温度，传感元件会软化失去弹性，通过由弹性元件施加在传导元件的力使之变得易变形或断裂。最终，该传导元件在机械力的作用下会被断开而导致开路状态。在回流焊过程中所承受的热，可能会使传感元件失去弹性而断开。所以要让传感元件在回流焊过程中不断开，而从相邻设备故障或过电流产生的热又必须让传感元件断开，这是相互矛盾的。为了克服上述问题，于是可回焊式温度保险丝被开发出来了。
申请号：201310112330.5提供一种通过改善温度保险丝的密封性而能够小型化的温度保险丝。温度保险丝包括：基膜；在基膜上以在顶端部设置间隔的方式对置配置的一对带状端子部；在一对端子部之间以桥接的方式接合的可熔体；涂敷在可熔体上的助熔剂；以及以覆盖涂敷了助熔剂的可熔体的方式设置的覆盖薄膜，至少在温度保险丝的长度方向上延伸的封装部，在封装部的内缘端和外缘端之间被切断，并且，其切断面上的基膜和覆盖薄膜再次进行熔接。
美国专利US8,289,122以及US 8,581,686揭示一种可回焊式温度保险丝，应用了一组抑制件，该抑制件的拉力可确保于回流焊制过程期间保持该弹性件固定于原本的位置，避免回流焊时弹性件施力于传导件而断开。此项设计的缺点是必须在回流焊组装后再进行一次通电断开抑制件的步骤才能激活这个温度保险丝，因而会增加OEM制程的复杂性。
发明内容
本发明目的在于：提供一种可回焊式温度保险丝，不需要抑制件来防止回流焊时造成保险丝断开，于回流焊完成后也无需通电流来烧断此抑制件。
本发明目的通过下述方案实现：一可回焊式温度保险丝，属温度保险丝，包含：
导电元件，含有第一端部和第二端部；
一传感元件，与导电元件的一个端部连接，在温度超过临界阀值时，发生软化或熔化变形；
一弹性元件，由导电材料组成，应用于施力于导电元件，在正常状况下，依弹力作用把导电元件电气连接；
激活按钮，用于对弹性元件施力，在温度保险丝初装状态时，激活按钮不与弹性元件接触；在组装完成后，激活按钮被按下并施力于弹性元件上，使温度保险丝处于激活状态，并且在故障条件下，由弹性元件断开导电元件；
具有与外界电路形成电气连接的数个焊垫，如二个以上，至少第一焊垫和第二焊垫与导电元件的二端部分别连接，设置在罩盖与基座结合形成一内部的容置空间内；
其中，所述的传感元件,当环绕在温度保险丝周围温度超过一临界阀值,由激活按钮下压到弹性元件而传过来的弹力,使得传导元件断开。
本发明通过一激活按钮实现温度保险丝的激活，不但可简化焊垫设计及组装工艺制程步骤，而且可提高器件可靠度。
本发明的工作原理是：弹性元件在激活状态下能施加力于传导元件，所述的弹性元件在回流焊组装过程中正常状态会施加一个力将所述的导电元件结合在一起的；而不同于现有技术中采用的弹性元件会施加一个分离力于激活状态下的温度保险丝的传导元件。经过回流焊后，激活按钮才被按下并且施加力于所述的弹性元件，使可回焊式温度保险丝进入激活状态。在遇到例如高温或过流发生或相邻近器件由于故障条件下升温时，激活按钮所施加到弹性元件的力可使之与导电元件的第一和第二端断开电气连接。
在上述方案基础上，所述的弹性元件为跷起的簧片或拱桥形状，一端固定连接导电元件的一个端部，另一端与传感器弹性抵顶，经传感器与另一导电元件的端部电气连接。
在上述方案基础上，所述的传感元件由熔点在70℃～250℃之间的焊锡或其他金属合金组成。
在上述方案基础上，所述的焊垫固定在基座上，且该基座还用来承载与焊垫电气连接的导电元件、弹性元件和传感元件，由基座和罩盖构成外壳，用罩盖来与外界绝缘并支撑激活按钮。
在上述方案基础上，所述的基座经由钉钩、胶黏和/或超声波焊与罩盖结合。
在上述方案基础上，所述的罩盖上支撑的激活按钮为单独植入，或经两条支臂沿罩盖内侧沟槽延伸或直接内置在罩盖内部。
在上述方案基础上，所述的激活按钮包含有两段位置的凸起或凹刻，用以固定在两种状态，即组装状态及激活状态。
在上述方案基础上，所述的焊垫至少有部分露出外壳，焊接到PCB板或面板上。
在上述方案基础上，所述的导电元件的第一端部与第一焊垫电气连接；第二端部与及第二焊垫电气连接。
在上述方案基础上，所述的第一焊垫和第二焊垫延伸外部金属电极。
如果高温故障条件导致传感器元件的熔化，这会断开弹性导电元件的第一端部和第二端部之间的连接，并会因此断开第一焊垫和第二焊垫之间的连接。
经过回流焊后，激活按钮可经由拇指或工具或某些机械操作被按下，因此不需要类似以前通过电流来熔断抑制元件的操作步骤。
本发明的优越性在于：可以有效地简化回焊式温度保险丝的组装过程,并且也提高了产品的可靠度。
图1本发明第一实施例之可回焊式温度保险丝在组装状态的截面视图(激活之前)；
图2本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝在激活状态的截面视图(按下激活按钮后)；
图3本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其弹性元件在故障条件下断开状态的截面视图；
图4可回焊式温度保险丝组装于PCB板上并按下激活按钮来激活可回焊式温度保险丝的流程图；
图5本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝中使用了激活按钮和弹性元件块以及弹性元件在故障条件下断开情形；
图6本发明第二实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其基座的截面视图；
图7本发明第二实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝分层结构说明图；
图8本发明第三实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其弹性元件在故障条件下断开状态的截面视图，其激活按钮下压处距离感测件连接位置较远，弹性件的断开距离也较长；
图9本发明第四实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的截面视图其激活按钮延伸出两条支臂可沿着内壁沟槽前进，其中，图9a、图9b和图9c分别是激活按钮处在未激活、激活但弹性件未变形，以及激活且弹性件变形的状态示意图，图9aA-A系图9a的A-A剖面示意图；
图10本发明第四实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的立体分解结构示意；
图11本发明第五实施例之可回焊式温度保险丝的截面视图，其中，图11a、图11b和图11c分别是激活按钮处在未激活、激活但弹性件未变形或变形较小，以及激活且弹性件变形大至断路的状态示意图；
图12本发明第五实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的立体分解结构示意。
以下结合附图进一步详述可回焊式温度保险丝，然而，具体实施例中讨论的只是说明具体的产品及制造方法，以及如何使用本发明，但并不用来局限本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
如图1所示为本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝在组装状态的截面视图。一可回焊式温度保险丝100包含：导电元件的第一端部110和第二端部120；一传感元件180，与导电元件的第一端部110连接，在温度超过临界阀值时发生软化或熔化变形；一弹性元件150，由导电材料组成，应用于施力于导电元件，在正常状况下，依弹力作用把导电元件电气连接；一激活按钮130，用于对弹性元件施力，在温度保险丝初装状态时，激活按钮130不与弹性元件150接触，在组装完成后，激活按钮130被按下并施力于弹性元件150上，使温度保险丝处于激活状态，并且在故障条件下，由弹性元件150断开导电元件；具有与外界电路形成电气连接的第一及第二焊垫141，142分别与导电元件的第一端部110和第二端部120电气连接；其中，所述的传感元件180,当环绕在温度保险丝周围温度超过一临界阀值,由激活按钮130下压到弹性元件150而传过来的弹力,使得传导元件断开。弹性元件150一端固定连接导电元件的第二端部120，另一端与传感器180弹性抵顶，经传感器180与导电元件的第一端部110电气连接。传感元件180可由具有相对低熔点或在特定温度会失去弹性的导电材料制成。例如焊锡，或合金金属。可焊式温度保险丝100还包括罩盖160，及基座170，所述的第一及第二焊垫141，142固定在基座上，由基座170和罩盖160构成外壳，用罩盖来与外界绝缘并支撑激活按钮130，该基座还用来承载与焊垫电气连接的导电元件第一端部110和第二端部120、弹性元件150和传感元件180。基座170可经由射出成型或PCB工艺来做成。基座170可经由钉钩、胶黏和/或超声波焊与罩盖160结合。罩盖160上支撑的激活按钮130为单独植入，激活按钮130包含有两段位置的凸起或凹刻，用以固定在两种状态，即组装状态及激活状态。下述实施例中，导电元件第一、二端部110、120，弹性元件150也据此可以设置在基座或电路板上。第一、第二焊垫141、142可用来将可回焊式温度保险丝100焊接到PCB板或面板(图中未示)上，这同时也将导电元件第一、第二端部110、120连接到罩盖160外面而与电路连接，并可延伸外部金属电极。在可回焊式温度保险丝实际工作中，负载电流流经导电元件第一、第二端部110、120，例如，负载电流可以由电源供应器产生，流经导电元件再到其他电路上。弹性元件150可以由导电材料制成，例如铜，镍，不锈钢或其他金属。其他材料或结构只要能合适此功能能在导电元件上施加力量的也可使用。在本实施例中，弹性元件150
与导电元件第二端部120是同一元件，既具有导电能力又完成施加力量的功能。
图2所示为本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝在激活状态的截面视图，在回流焊之后，激活按钮130被按下使得可回焊式温度保险丝100处在激活状态之下。这激活按钮130会施加力量在弹性元件150上，同时产生的内应力会传递到传感元件180产生一个分离的力量，这样就激活了这个可回焊式温度保险丝100。
图3显示本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其弹性元件在故障条件下断开状态的截面视图，在此状态下，可回焊式温度保险丝100已被预先按下激活按钮130，处在激活状态之下，如上述图2所示。当围绕在可回流焊的温度保险丝100环境温度达到一临界温度，比如摄氏200℃时，造成传感元件180失去弹性及/或是变得容易变形或熔化。当此情形发生后，由弹性元件150传达到传感元件180的力量会使传感元件180断开，从而阻止电流流经传感元件180，电路上也就断开了导电元件第一、第二端部110，120，也就断开了第一、第二焊垫141，142。
图4显示可回焊式温度保险丝组装于PCB板上并按下激活按钮来激活可回焊式温度保险丝的流程图。在流程方块中，可回焊式温度保险丝被打件放置在PCB板或面板上并经过回流焊炉，例如图1的可回焊式温度保险丝100在组装阶段被打件放在PCB板或面板上，然后经过回流焊炉。焊锡会预先透过钢网印刷加到PCB板或面板上可回焊式温度保险丝100焊垫相应位置。放置好可回焊式温度保险丝，然后经过回流焊炉使焊垫上的焊锡熔化并冷却。在流程方块中，可如图2的回焊式温度保险丝100上面的激活按钮130被按下，使得在流程方块中，可回焊式温度保险丝100处于激活状态。这激活按钮130会施加力量在弹性元件150上，同时产生的内应力会传递到传感元件180产生一个分离的力量，完成激活可回焊式温度保险丝100。参阅上述图2所示，接下来的应用中，如果有过多的热量加载到可回焊式温度保险丝100里头，传感元件180，在激活按钮130被按下并传达力量到弹性元件150所产生的力作用下，会失去弹性，并且或是变得容易变形及或断裂。由以上描述可以见到，本发明可回焊式温度保险丝100克服了旧有温度保险丝在表面贴片工艺经过回流焊所碰到的问题。而激活按钮的创新概念使可回焊式温度保险丝100很容易被激活，在后续的故障条件下导电元件就会断开。
图5显示本发明第一实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝中使用了激活按钮和弹性元件块以及弹性元件在故障条件下断开情形的概念示意图，在图5的示意图中，弹性元件150被设计成拱桥形状使用，而它同时也可以被当作承载工作电流的导电元件第二端120来用，导电元件第二端120的后端也包含了传感元件180，它和导电元件一样都承受了来自弹性元件150的弹力作用。在正常的组装状态下，这
弹力是把导电元件第二端部120与第一端部110结合在一起。激活按钮130在此可以提供一个施力来激活可回焊式温度保险丝100。当激活按钮130被按下，可回焊式温度保险丝100就已经被激活了，但是导电元件第一、第二端部110、120以及传感元件180还是结合在一起的。在后续的故障状态或过热情况下，传感元件180失去弹性并且或是变得容易变形及或断裂而失去将导电元件第一、第二端部110、120结合在一起的能力，之后就会断开如图5所示虚线部所示。
本发明提出激活按钮的创新概念，能同时完成组装过程和激活状态的目的。在组装过程中，弹性元件所产生应力的方向会让传导元件倾向于结合在一起。
在可回焊式温度保险丝通过回流焊炉安装在PCB板或面板上之后，这个激活按钮就可被按压下去，它会施加力到弹性元件上。这步骤就激活了可回焊式温度保险丝。
实施例2
图6显示本发明第二实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其基座的截面视图。在这个实施例结构图当中，弹性元件250在制造之前会被做成向上弯曲的簧片形状，其余结构与实施例1一致，所以当其被弯到导电元件第一端部210底下时，弹性元件250会施加一个力量将导电元件第一端部210、传感元件280在回流焊的过程中焊接在一起。
图7显示本发明第二实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝分层结构说明图。其中分别显示了，激活按钮230,罩盖260,承载了导电元件第一、第二端部210,220,弹性元件250,传感元件280的基座。
实施例3
图8显示本发明第三实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝其弹性元件在故障条件下断开状态的截面视图。在故障状态中，可回焊式温度保险丝300的激活按钮330已经被事先按下处于激活状态了，正如图2的描述一样。本实施例激活按钮330下压处距离导电元件第一端部310位置较远，所以弹性元件350端部断开距离也较长，可以耐受更高的工作电压而不会拉弧。当围绕在可回焊式温度保险丝300环境温度达到一临界温度，如摄氏200℃，造成传感元件380失去弹性及/或是变得容易变形或熔化。当此情形发生后，由弹性元件350传达到传感元件380的力量会使传感元件380断开，从而阻止电流流经传感元件380，即断开了导电元件第一、第二端部310、320，也就断开了基座370上的第一、第二焊垫341，342。
实施例4
图9显示本发明第四实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的截面视图，在本实施例中，其激活按钮430延伸出两条支臂可沿着内壁沟槽前进。以帮助激活按钮430
更平顺稳固往下移动。图中分别显示了激活按钮430，罩盖460，含有导电元件第一、第二端部410、420，弹性元件450，传感元件480的基座。在图9a显示了可回焊式温度保险丝在组装阶段的状态,激活按钮430未被下按至激活状态，如图9aA-A所示，激活按钮430不与弹性元件450抵顶；在图9b中，激活按钮430被按下使可回焊式温度保险丝400处在激活状态，但传感元件480未发生大的变形，电路仍处导通状态；而在图9c中，在故障状态或超出的热使得传感元件480断开或发生变形，使电路断开。
图10显示本发明第四实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的立体分解结构示意图，其中，激活按钮430、罩盖460和承载了导电元件第一端部、第二端部410、420,弹性元件450、传感元件480的基座。
实施例5
图11显示本发明第五实施例之可回焊式温度保险丝的截面视图。图中分别显示了罩盖560、且与罩盖560一体的激活按钮530，含有导电元件第一、第二端部510、520，弹性元件550，传感元件580的基座。在图11a中，显示了可回焊式温度保险丝在组装阶段的状态；在图11b中，激活按钮530被按下使可回焊式温度保险丝处500在激活状态；而在图11c中，在故障状态或超出的热使得传感元件580断开与电路的连接。在本实施例中，激活按钮530是固定在罩盖560之中。所以在回流焊组装后，按下罩盖560的动作就等同于按下激活按钮530并使可回焊式温度保险丝500处于激活状态。
图12显示本发明第五实施例的可回焊式温度保险丝的立体分解结构示意。可回焊式温度保险丝500包括了罩盖560，以及承载了导电元件第一、第二端部510、520,弹性元件550,传感元件580的基座。激活按钮530在此位于罩盖560之内，因此未显示在图中。
基于以上各个实施例的说明，激活按钮可以有各种设计形式实现，只要其能在弹性元件上施加一个机械力即属于本发明的范畴。在回流焊式温度保险丝组装完成后.激活按钮被按下并使可回流焊的温度保险处于激活状态。不同于以往的可回焊式温度保险丝必须通电流来烧断限制元件，本发明的简单机械设计可以很容易地激活温度保险丝，因此提高了器件的可靠度并且简化工艺降低生产成本。
以上仅系本发明之有关可回焊式温度保险丝实施例之揭露，并非本发明之范围限制。不同的方法举凡能利用机械力使弹性元件接合在一起，并且流焊组装后能利用机械力施加在弹性元件上使可回流焊的温度保险能处于激活状态者，仍为本发明所涵盖。
Claims (10)
- 一可回焊式温度保险丝，包含：导电元件，含有第一端部和第二端部；一传感元件，与导电元件的一个端部连接，在温度超过临界阀值时，发生软化或熔化变形；一弹性元件，由导电材料组成，应用于施力于导电元件，在正常状况下，依弹力作用把导电元件电气连接；激活按钮，用于对弹性元件施力，在温度保险丝初装状态时，激活按钮不与弹性元件接触；在组装完成后，激活按钮被按下并施力于弹性元件上，使温度保险丝处于激活状态，并且在故障条件下，由弹性元件断开导电元件；具有与外界电路形成电气连接的二个以上的焊垫，至少第一焊垫和第二焊垫与导电元件的二端部分别连接，设置在罩盖与基座结合形成一内部的容置空间内；其中，所述的传感元件,当环绕在温度保险丝周围温度超过一临界阀值,由激活按钮下压到弹性元件而传过来的弹力,使得传导元件断开。
- 根据权利要求1所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的弹性元件为跷起的簧片或拱桥形状，一端固定连接导电元件的一个端部，另一端与传感器弹性抵顶，经传感器与另一导电元件的端部电气连接。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的传感元件由熔点在70℃～250℃之间的焊锡或其他金属合金组成。
- 根据权利要求1所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的焊垫固定在基座上，由基座和罩盖构成外壳，用罩盖来与外界绝缘并支撑激活按钮，该基座还用来承载与焊垫电气连接的导电元件、弹性元件和传感元件。
- 根据权利要求4所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的基座经由钉钩、胶黏和/或超声波焊与罩盖结合。
- 根据权利要求4所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的罩盖上支撑的激活按钮为单独植入，或经两条支臂沿罩盖内侧沟槽延伸或直接内置在罩盖内部。
- 根据权利要求6所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的激活按钮包含有两段位置的凸起或凹刻，用以固定在两种状态，即组装状态及激活状态。
- 根据权利要求4所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的焊垫至少有部分露出外壳，焊接到PCB板或面板上。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的导电元件 的第一端部与第一焊垫电气连接；第二端部与及第二焊垫电气连接。
- 根据权利要求9所述的可回焊式温度保险丝,其特征在于：所述的第一焊垫和第二焊垫延伸外部金属电极。
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