WO2016181940A1 - 空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016181940A1 WO2016181940A1 PCT/JP2016/063774 JP2016063774W WO2016181940A1 WO 2016181940 A1 WO2016181940 A1 WO 2016181940A1 JP 2016063774 W JP2016063774 W JP 2016063774W WO 2016181940 A1 WO2016181940 A1 WO 2016181940A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- tire
- protrusion
- protrusions
- straight line
- pneumatic tire
- Prior art date
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C13/00—Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
- B60C13/02—Arrangement of grooves or ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C3/00—Tyres characterised by the transverse section
- B60C3/04—Tyres characterised by the transverse section characterised by the relative dimensions of the section, e.g. low profile
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a vehicle tire including a sidewall on which a curved protrusion is formed. This Patent Document 1 shows that the flow of air entering the side wall does not naturally pass through the side wall, but moves to the inside of the wheel house of the car and generates a down force that pushes down the upper end of the tread of the tire. Yes. When downforce occurs, lift, which is a force that lifts the vehicle upward, is reduced.
- Patent Document 2 the total width of a pneumatic tire is reduced to reduce the front projected area (referred to as the projected area when viewed from the rolling direction of the pneumatic tire), thereby reducing the tire.
- a technique for reducing ambient air resistance is shown.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic tire capable of increasing down force and reducing air resistance while maintaining good uniformity.
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention is provided in a range including the tire maximum width position of the tire side portion and extends in a direction intersecting the tire radial direction.
- a plurality of protrusions the plurality of protrusions being provided spaced apart from each other in the tire circumferential direction, extending in the tire radial direction through the center of rotation, and different in the tire circumferential direction position;
- the pneumatic tire of the present invention includes a plurality of protrusions provided in a range including the tire maximum width position of the tire side portion and extending in a direction intersecting the radial direction, and the plurality of protrusions are The first straight line and the second straight line that are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction, extend in the tire radial direction through the center of rotation, and have different positions in the tire circumferential direction cross the protrusion, respectively, The ratio of the sum of the cross-sectional areas along the first straight line of the protrusions crossed by the first straight line to the total sum of the cross-sectional areas along the second straight line of the protrusions crossed by the second straight line. However, the ratio of the total width SW to the outer diameter OD satisfies the relationship of SW / OD ⁇ 0.3.
- the first straight line crosses two or more of the protrusions, and the second straight line crosses the single protrusion.
- the amount of fluctuation in the tire circumferential direction of the mass of the protrusion per deg in the tire circumferential direction is 0.2 g / deg or less.
- the protrusion has a central portion whose height is higher than that of both end portions.
- the protruding portion has a width at the center portion larger than the width at both ends.
- the protrusion passes through the tire maximum width position.
- At least one of the plurality of protrusions has a groove.
- the depth of the groove is not less than 5% and not more than 80% of the height of the portion of the protrusion where the groove is provided.
- At least one of the plurality of protrusions has a recess.
- the intervals in the tire circumferential direction between the protrusions are not uniform.
- the direction inside and outside the vehicle when the vehicle is mounted is specified, and the protrusion is formed at least on the tire side portion that is the vehicle outer side.
- the pneumatic tire according to the present invention can increase the down force and reduce the air resistance while maintaining good uniformity.
- FIG. 1 is a meridional sectional view of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an overall meridional section view of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of a pneumatic tire provided with a protrusion.
- FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating an example of a pneumatic tire provided with a protrusion.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a flow of air around a tire having a tire side portion on which no protrusion is provided.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a flow of air around a tire having a tire side portion provided with a protrusion.
- FIG. 1 is a meridional sectional view of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an overall meridional section view of a pneumatic tire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating an example of
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of the protrusions in the tire side portion.
- FIG. 6A is a diagram illustrating the mass per unit length of the protrusion and the cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 6B is a diagram illustrating the mass per unit length of the protrusion and the cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 6C is a diagram illustrating the mass per unit length of the protrusion and the cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 6D is a diagram illustrating the mass per unit length of the protrusion and the cross-sectional area.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the height and width of the protrusion.
- FIG. 7B is a diagram illustrating the height and width of the protrusion.
- FIG. 7A is a diagram illustrating the height and width of the protrusion.
- FIG. 7C is a diagram illustrating the height and width of the protrusion.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the length of the protrusion.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a change in mass of the protrusion in the tire circumferential direction.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the protrusion in the short direction.
- FIG. 22 is a side view of the protrusion in the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 23 is a side view of the protrusion in the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 24A is an external view of a protrusion.
- FIG. 24B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 24A.
- FIG. 25A is an external view of a protrusion.
- 25B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 25A.
- FIG. 26A is a diagram illustrating an example of a protrusion provided with a groove.
- 26B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 26A.
- FIG. 26C is a diagram illustrating an example of the angle of the groove with respect to the protrusion.
- FIG. 26D is a diagram illustrating an example of the angle of the groove with respect to the protrusion.
- FIG. 27A is a diagram illustrating an example of a protrusion provided with a recess.
- FIG. 27B is a cross-sectional view along DD in FIG. 27A.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of a protrusion provided with a groove and a recess.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a range in which a groove or a recess is provided in the protrusion.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the protrusions.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the protrusions.
- FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the protrusions.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating another arrangement example of the protrusions.
- FIG. 1 is a meridional sectional view of a pneumatic tire 1 according to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an overall meridian cross-sectional view of the pneumatic tire 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the tire radial direction refers to a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis P of the pneumatic tire 1 (see FIG. 2; hereinafter also referred to as the rotation center), and the tire radial direction inner side refers to the rotation axis in the tire radial direction.
- the side toward P and the outer side in the tire radial direction refers to the side away from the rotation axis P in the tire radial direction.
- the tire circumferential direction refers to a circumferential direction with the rotation axis P as the central axis.
- the tire width direction means a direction parallel to the rotation axis P
- the inner side in the tire width direction means the side toward the tire equator plane (tire equator line) CL in the tire width direction
- the outer side in the tire width direction means the tire width.
- the tire equatorial plane CL is a plane that is orthogonal to the rotation axis (also referred to as the tire rotation center) P of the pneumatic tire 1 and that passes through the center of the tire width of the pneumatic tire 1.
- the tire width is the width in the tire width direction between the portions located outside in the tire width direction, that is, the distance between the portions farthest from the tire equatorial plane CL in the tire width direction.
- the tire equator line is a line along the tire circumferential direction of the pneumatic tire 1 on the tire equator plane CL.
- CL the same sign “CL” as that of the tire equator plane is attached to the tire equator line.
- the pneumatic tire 1 is mainly used for a passenger car. As shown in FIG. 1, a tread portion 2, shoulder portions 3 on both sides thereof, and sidewall portions that are sequentially continuous from the shoulder portions 3. 4 and a bead portion 5.
- the pneumatic tire 1 includes a carcass layer 6, a belt layer 7, and a belt reinforcing layer 8.
- the tread portion 2 is made of a rubber material (tread rubber) and is exposed at the outermost side in the tire radial direction of the pneumatic tire 1, and the surface thereof is the contour of the pneumatic tire 1.
- a tread surface 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tread portion 2, that is, on the tread surface that contacts the road surface during traveling.
- the tread surface 21 is provided with a plurality of (four in this embodiment) main grooves 22 which are straight main grooves extending along the tire circumferential direction and parallel to the tire equator line CL.
- the tread surface 21 extends along the tire circumferential direction by the plurality of main grooves 22, and a plurality of rib-like land portions 23 parallel to the tire equator line CL are formed.
- the tread surface 21 is provided with a lug groove that intersects the main groove 22 in each land portion 23.
- the land portion 23 is divided into a plurality of portions in the tire circumferential direction by lug grooves.
- the lug groove is formed to open to the outer side in the tire width direction on the outermost side in the tire width direction of the tread portion 2.
- the lug groove may have either a form communicating with the main groove 22 or a form not communicating with the main groove 22.
- the shoulder portion 3 is a portion of the tread portion 2 on both outer sides in the tire width direction. Further, the sidewall portion 4 is exposed at the outermost side in the tire width direction of the pneumatic tire 1.
- the bead unit 5 includes a bead core 51 and a bead filler 52.
- the bead core 51 is formed by winding a bead wire, which is a steel wire, in a ring shape.
- the bead filler 52 is a rubber material disposed in a space formed by folding the end portion in the tire width direction of the carcass layer 6 at the position of the bead core 51.
- the carcass layer 6 is configured such that each tire width direction end portion is folded back from the tire width direction inner side to the tire width direction outer side by a pair of bead cores 51 and is wound around in a toroidal shape in the tire circumferential direction. It is.
- the carcass layer 6 is formed by coating a plurality of carcass cords (not shown) arranged in parallel at an angle in the tire circumferential direction with an angle with respect to the tire circumferential direction being along the tire meridian direction.
- the carcass cord is made of organic fibers (polyester, rayon, nylon, etc.).
- the carcass layer 6 is provided as at least one layer.
- the belt layer 7 has a multilayer structure in which at least two belts 71 and 72 are laminated, and is disposed on the outer side in the tire radial direction which is the outer periphery of the carcass layer 6 in the tread portion 2 and covers the carcass layer 6 in the tire circumferential direction. It is.
- the belts 71 and 72 are formed by coating a plurality of cords (not shown) arranged in parallel at a predetermined angle (for example, 20 degrees to 30 degrees) with a coat rubber with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- the cord is made of steel or organic fiber (polyester, rayon, nylon, etc.). Further, the overlapping belts 71 and 72 are arranged so that the cords intersect each other.
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 is disposed on the outer side in the tire radial direction which is the outer periphery of the belt layer 7 and covers the belt layer 7 in the tire circumferential direction.
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 is formed by coating a plurality of cords (not shown) arranged substantially parallel ( ⁇ 5 degrees) in the tire circumferential direction and in the tire width direction with a coat rubber.
- the cord is made of steel or organic fiber (polyester, rayon, nylon, etc.).
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 shown in FIG. 1 is disposed so as to cover the end of the belt layer 7 in the tire width direction.
- the configuration of the belt reinforcing layer 8 is not limited to the above, and is not clearly shown in the figure.
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 is configured to cover the entire belt layer 7 or has two reinforcing layers, for example, on the inner side in the tire radial direction.
- the reinforcing layer is formed so as to be larger in the tire width direction than the belt layer 7 and is disposed so as to cover the entire belt layer 7, and the reinforcing layer on the outer side in the tire radial direction is disposed so as to cover only the end portion in the tire width direction of the belt layer 7.
- a configuration in which two reinforcing layers are provided and each reinforcing layer is disposed so as to cover only the end portion in the tire width direction of the belt layer 7 may be employed.
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 overlaps at least the end portion in the tire width direction of the belt layer 7.
- the belt reinforcing layer 8 is provided by winding a strip-shaped strip material (for example, a width of 10 [mm]) in the tire circumferential direction.
- the total width SW is the side wall portion 4 when the pneumatic tire 1 is assembled on a regular rim and is in a no-load state in which a regular internal pressure (for example, 230 [kPa]) is filled.
- a regular internal pressure for example, 230 [kPa]
- the outer diameter OD is the outer diameter of the tire at this time
- the inner diameter RD is the inner diameter of the tire at this time.
- the internal pressure of 230 [kPa] is selected in order to define the dimensions of the pneumatic tire such as the total width SW, and the parameters relating to the tire dimensions described in this specification are as follows.
- the pneumatic tire 1 according to the present invention exhibits the effect of the present invention as long as it is filled with an internal pressure in a range that is normally used, and is filled with an internal pressure of 230 [kPa]. It should be noted that this is not essential for practicing the present invention.
- the tire side portion S in FIG. 1 refers to a surface that is uniformly continuous from the ground contact end T of the tread portion 2 to the outer side in the tire width direction and from the rim check line L to the outer side in the tire radial direction.
- the ground contact T is a tread surface 21 of the tread portion 2 of the pneumatic tire 1 when the pneumatic tire 1 is assembled on a regular rim and filled with a regular internal pressure and 70% of the regular load is applied. In the region where the road contacts the road surface, it means both outermost ends in the tire width direction and continues in the tire circumferential direction.
- the rim check line L is a line for confirming whether or not the tire rim is assembled normally.
- the rim check line L is outside the rim flange in the tire radial direction. However, it is shown as an annular convex line that continues in the tire circumferential direction along the portion that is in the vicinity of the rim flange.
- the tire maximum width position H is the end of the tire cross-sectional width HW, and is the largest position in the tire width direction.
- the tire cross-sectional width HW is the design on the sidewall portion 4 from the total width SW that is the largest in the tire width direction when the pneumatic tire 1 is assembled on a regular rim and filled with a regular internal pressure in an unloaded state ( This is the width excluding the pattern and characters on the side of the tire.
- the rim protect bar is the largest portion in the tire width direction.
- the tire cross-sectional width HW defined in the present embodiment excludes the rim protect bar.
- the regular rim is a “standard rim” defined by JATMA, a “Design Rim” defined by TRA, or a “Measuring Rim” defined by ETRTO.
- the normal internal pressure is “maximum air pressure” defined by JATMA, the maximum value described in “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFRATION PRESURES” defined by TRA, or “INFLATION PRESSURES” defined by ETRTO.
- the normal load is the “maximum load capacity” defined by JATMA, the maximum value described in “TIRE LOAD LIMITS AT VARIOUS COLD INFRATION PRESURES” defined by TRA, or “LOAD CAPACITY” defined by ETRTO.
- the ratio of the total width SW and the outer diameter OD satisfies the relationship SW / OD ⁇ 0.3.
- the ratio between the inner diameter RD and the outer diameter OD satisfies the relationship of RD / OD ⁇ 0.7.
- the rim used in the present embodiment has a rim diameter that conforms to the inner diameter RD of the pneumatic tire 1, and conforms to ISO4000-1: 2001, a nominal Sn having a tire cross-sectional width HW, and a rim.
- the pneumatic tire 1 of the present embodiment is provided so as to protrude from the tire side surface Sa, which is a profile of the surface of the tire side portion S, to the outside of the tire in the range SD of the tire side portion S including the tire maximum width position H.
- the protrusion 9 is provided.
- FIG. 3A and 3B are views showing an example of the pneumatic tire 1 in which the protrusion 9 is provided in the range SD of FIG.
- FIG. 3A shows an example in which the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on the vehicle 100.
- the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted inside a tire house 100 ⁇ / b> H of the vehicle 100.
- the rotation direction of the pneumatic tire 1 is the direction of the arrow Y1
- the traveling direction of the vehicle 100 is the direction of the arrow Y2.
- the pneumatic tire 1 has a plurality of protrusions 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 and 98 on the tire side portion S.
- the intervals between the plurality of protrusions 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, and 98 are uniform, that is, equal intervals.
- the plurality of protrusions 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 and 98 pass through the tire maximum width position H.
- the protrusion 91 is provided on the tire side portion S outside the vehicle 100 on which the tire is mounted.
- the protrusion 91 includes, in the tire side portion S outside the vehicle 100, an end portion 91T1 in the counterclockwise direction and an end portion 91T2 in the clockwise direction with respect to the rotation center (rotation axis) P of the pneumatic tire 1.
- end part 91T1 is located inside a tire radial direction rather than end part 91T2.
- the protrusion 91 extends in a direction intersecting the tire radial direction.
- the end portion 91T2 may be located on the inner side in the tire radial direction than the end portion 91T1.
- the convex portion side of the arc may face the direction of the rotation center P of the pneumatic tire 1.
- the protrusion 91 has an arc shape when viewed from the outside of the vehicle 100 in the direction along the rotation axis P of the pneumatic tire 1, and the concave portion of the arc faces the direction of the rotation center P of the pneumatic tire 1.
- protrusion 9 The other protrusions 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97 and 98 are the same as the protrusion 91.
- the protrusions 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, and 98 may be collectively referred to as “projection 9”.
- FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B are diagrams for explaining the effect of providing the protrusions.
- FIG. 4A is a diagram illustrating a flow of air around a tire having a tire side portion on which no protrusion is provided.
- FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a flow of air around a tire having a tire side portion provided with a protrusion. 4A and 4B show a state where the tread surface 21 of the pneumatic tire 1 is looked up from the road surface.
- the air flow indicated by the arrow Y ⁇ b> 3 is relative to the arrow Y ⁇ b> 2 that is the traveling direction of the vehicle 100. 1 is substantially parallel to a plane (not shown) orthogonal to the rotation axis P.
- the protrusion 9 is installed on at least one of the tire side portions S. If the pneumatic tire 1 is mounted on the vehicle 100 in a state where the tire side portion S where the protrusion 9 is installed faces the outside of the vehicle, The air flow of the tire side portion S outside the vehicle can be pushed out to the outside of the vehicle, and the downforce can be increased. And by making the shape of the projection part 9 suitable, down force can be increased, maintaining the uniformity of the pneumatic tire 1 favorable.
- the arrangement and shape of the protrusions 9 for increasing the down force while maintaining the uniformity of the pneumatic tire 1 will be described.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the arrangement of the protrusions 9 in the tire side portion S.
- FIG. 6A to 6D are views for explaining the mass per unit length and the cross-sectional area of the protrusion 9.
- a first straight line S1 and a second straight line S2 extending through the rotation center P in the tire radial direction are assumed.
- the first straight line S1 and the second straight line S2 have different positions in the tire circumferential direction.
- the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 91. Further, the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 98. The position where the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 91 and the position where the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 98 are different positions in the tire radial direction.
- the second straight line S2 crosses the protrusion 98.
- the second straight line S2 does not cross the protrusion 91. That is, in this example, the first straight line S1 crosses the two or more protrusions 91 and 98, and the second straight line S2 crosses the single protrusion 98.
- the two projecting portions 91 and the projecting portions 98 overlap in the radial direction along the first straight line S1.
- the protrusion 98 does not overlap with other protrusions.
- the unit length of the protrusion 91 is, for example, 1 mm.
- the mass per unit length of the protrusion 91 will be described with reference to FIG. 6A.
- a straight line S11 and a straight line S12 are assumed in which the first straight line S1 is translated by 0.5 mm on both sides around the first straight line S1.
- the interval between the straight line S11 and the straight line S12 is 1 mm which is a unit length. That is, the mass per unit length of the protrusion 9 that the straight line crosses is the mass of the protrusion included in the range in which the straight line extending in the radial direction is the center line and the width in the direction orthogonal to the center line is the unit length. is there.
- the mass of the portion included in between is the mass [g / mm] per unit length of the protrusion 91.
- the protrusion 98 a surface (not shown) including the straight line S11 and parallel to the rotational axis P, and a surface (not shown) including the straight line S12 and parallel to the rotational axis P.
- the mass of the portion included between the projections 98 is the mass [g / mm] per unit length of the protrusion 98.
- the straight line S21 and the straight line S22 obtained by translating the second straight line S2 by 0.5 mm on both sides around the second straight line S2, the straight line S21 is included among the materials constituting the protrusion 98.
- the mass of the portion included between the plane (not shown) parallel to the rotation axis P and the plane (not shown) including the straight line S22 and parallel to the rotation axis P is the unit length of the protrusion 98.
- the total mass per unit length of the protrusions 91 and 98 that the first straight line S1 crosses, and the total mass per unit length of the protrusion 98 that the second straight line S2 crosses. Is a value close to “1”.
- the total mass per unit length of the protrusions 9 that each cross If the ratio is a value close to “1”, the uniformity of the pneumatic tire 1 can be improved.
- the protrusion 9 can be appropriately arranged by using the cross-sectional area as a reference separately from or together with the mass per unit length as described above. The uniformity can be made good.
- the cross section along the first straight line S1 (the cross section along the plane parallel to the rotation axis P including the first straight line S1) of the protrusion 91 crossed by the first straight line S1 is, for example, the cross section shown in FIG. 6B. DA.
- the cross section along the first straight line S1 (the cross section along the plane parallel to the rotation axis P including the first straight line S1) of the protrusion 98 that is traversed by the first straight line S1 is, for example, the cross section illustrated in FIG. 6C. DB.
- the cross section along the second straight line S2 (the cross section along the plane parallel to the rotation axis P including the second straight line S2) of the protrusion 98 that is traversed by the second straight line S2 is, for example, the cross section shown in FIG. 6D. DC.
- the area ratio of the cross section DC along the second straight line S2 of 98 is set to a value close to “1”. That is, when the first straight line and the second straight line that pass through the rotation center P of the pneumatic tire 1 and extend in the tire radial direction are arbitrarily assumed, the ratio of the total area of the cross-sections of the protrusions 9 that they cross respectively. If the value is close to “1”, the uniformity of the pneumatic tire 1 can be improved.
- the shape or length of the protrusions may be devised, or the number of protrusions may be increased or decreased.
- the above-described relationship between the mass and the cross-sectional area can be realized by making the protrusion 9 have a shape in which the height of the central portion is higher than the height of both ends. If the height of both ends of the projection 9 is the same as the height of the center, the projection 9 is arranged so that the number of projections overlapping in the radial direction is the same when any two straight lines are assumed. If arranged, the relationship between the mass and the cross-sectional area as described above can be realized.
- FIGS. 7A to 7C are diagrams for explaining the height h and the width W of the protrusion 9.
- FIG. 7B is an enlarged view of the protrusion as viewed from the side surface of the pneumatic tire
- FIG. 7C is a side view of the protrusion.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C has a central portion 9T whose height is higher than that of the end portion 9T1 and the end portion 9T2.
- the protrusion 9 have a shape in which the height of the central portion is higher than the height of both end portions, the relationship between the mass and the cross-sectional area as described above can be realized.
- the protruding portion 9 is configured by an intermediate portion 9A in the extending direction and each tip portion 9B provided continuously on both sides in the extending direction of the intermediate portion 9A.
- the intermediate portion 9A is a portion in a range of 25% of the length 9L from the center portion 9T having a length 9L in the extending direction of the protruding portion 9 to both sides in the extending direction.
- the distal end portion 9B is provided to extend further on both sides in the extending direction of the intermediate portion 9A, and excludes 5% of the length 9L in the extending direction of the protruding portion 9 from each end portion 9T1, 9T2 in the extending direction. Part of the range.
- the length 9L in the extending direction of the protruding portion 9 is the shortest (straight) distance between the end portions 9T1 and 9T2 of the protruding portion 9.
- the intermediate portion 9A includes a maximum position hH having a protruding height h from the tire side surface Sa. Further, the distal end portion 9B includes a minimum position hL of the protruding height h from the tire side surface Sa.
- the protrusion height h in the extending direction of the protrusion 9 gradually increases from one end 9T1 toward the center 9T, and gradually decreases from the center 9T toward the other end 9T2. It has become.
- the maximum position hH of the protrusion height h coincides with the central portion 9T
- the minimum position hL is a position that is 5% of the length 9L from the end portion 9T1 and the end portion 9T2 and coincides with the end of the distal end portion 9B.
- the protrusion height h in the extending direction of the protrusion 9 is shown as changing in an arc shape, but is not limited to this, and may be changing in a linear shape.
- the maximum position hH may be the entire intermediate portion 9A.
- the protrusion height h of the tip end portion 9B gradually decreases from the intermediate portion 9A.
- the protrusion 9 has the maximum position hH of the intermediate portion 9A higher than the minimum position hL of both tip portions 9B.
- the protrusion 9 preferably has a protrusion height h of the intermediate portion 9A of 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
- the protruding height h of the intermediate portion 9A is less than 1 mm, it is difficult to obtain an action of pushing the air flow of the tire side portion S outside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle or generating a turbulent boundary layer described later.
- the protrusion height h of the intermediate portion 9A exceeds 10 mm, the air flow tends to increase due to an increase in the flow of air that collides with the protrusion 9.
- the protrusion height h of the intermediate portion 9A is 1 mm or more and 10 mm or less in order to increase the down force and to obtain the effect of reducing the air resistance.
- the protrusion 9 has a central portion 9T having a width greater than that of the end portion 9T1 and the end portion 9T2.
- the protrusion 9 have a shape in which the width of the central portion 9T is larger than the width of both end portions, the relationship between the mass and the cross-sectional area as described above can be realized.
- the intermediate portion 9A of the protrusion 9 includes a maximum width position WH.
- the tip 9B of the protrusion 9 includes the minimum width position WL.
- the width W of the protrusion 9 gradually increases from one end 9T1 toward the center 9T, and gradually decreases from the center 9T toward the other end 9T2.
- the maximum width position WH of the width W coincides with the center portion 9T
- the minimum width position WL coincides with the end portion 9B at a position 5% of the length 9L from the end portions 9T1 and 9T2.
- the width W of the protrusion 9 is shown as changing in an arc shape, but is not limited to this, and may be changing in a linear shape. Further, the maximum width position WH may be the entire intermediate portion 9A. In this case, the width W of the distal end portion 9B gradually decreases from the intermediate portion 9A. In the present embodiment, the width W of the protrusion 9 refers to a dimension in a direction orthogonal to the length 9L of the protrusion 9 in the extending direction. As described above, in the protrusion 9, the maximum width position WH of the intermediate portion 9A is larger than the minimum width position WL of both end portions 9B.
- the width W in the short direction of the protrusion 9 is 0.5 mm or more and 10.0 mm or less. If the width W in the short direction of the projection 9 is less than the above range, the range in which the projection 9 comes into contact with the air flow is small, and therefore it is difficult to obtain the effect of improving the stagnation of the air flow by the projection 9. Become. On the other hand, if the width W in the short direction of the protrusion 9 exceeds the above range, the protrusion 9 has a large range in contact with the air flow, so that the protrusion 9 causes an increase in air resistance, or the tire It may cause an increase in weight. Therefore, the effect of improving the stagnation of the air flow by the protrusion 9 can be significantly obtained by optimizing the width W in the short direction of the protrusion 9.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the length of the protrusion 9. As shown in FIG. 8, the position where the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 91 and the position where the first straight line S1 crosses the protrusion 98 are different positions in the tire radial direction. For this reason, the two protrusions 91 and the protrusions 98 overlap in the radial direction along the first straight line S1.
- a straight line SS11 passing through the end 91T1 of the protrusion 91 and parallel to the first straight line S1 and a straight line SS12 passing through the end 98T2 of the protrusion 98 and parallel to the first straight line S1 are assumed.
- the distance between the straight line SS11 and the straight line SS12 is defined as a length L18 of a portion where the protrusion 91 and the protrusion 98 overlap.
- the length L18 of the portion where the protrusion 91 and the protrusion 98 overlap is 20% or more and 60% or less of the length of the protrusion 91 and 20% or more and 60% or less of the length of the protrusion 98. .
- the length 9L of the protrusion 9 (shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C) is preferably, for example, a length exceeding 30% of the height of the range SD of the tire side portion S.
- the down force can be increased while maintaining good uniformity.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a change in mass of the protrusion 9 in the tire circumferential direction.
- the fluctuation amount in the tire circumferential direction of the mass of the protrusion 9 per deg in the tire circumferential direction cut from the rotation center (rotary axis) P in the tire radial direction is 0.2 g / deg or less. It is preferable.
- the uniformity in the tire circumferential direction is improved by regulating the mass variation in the tire circumferential direction including the protrusions 9, the effect of improving the uniformity can be remarkably obtained.
- (Cross sectional shape of protrusion) 10 to 21 are views showing examples of the cross section of the protrusion 9 in the short direction.
- the protruding portion 9 shown in FIG. 10 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape in the short direction.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 11 has a triangular cross-sectional shape in the short direction.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 12 has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape in the short direction.
- the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 9 in the short direction may be an external shape based on a curve.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 13 has a semicircular cross-sectional shape in the short direction.
- the cross-sectional shape of the projecting portion 9 in the short direction may be a shape based on various arcs such as a semi-elliptical shape or a semi-ellipse shape.
- the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 9 in the short direction may be an outer shape combining straight lines and curves.
- the cross-sectional shape in the short direction is a square with a square corner.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 15 has a triangular cross-section in the short direction and a curved corner.
- the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 9 in the short direction may be a shape in which a root portion protruding from the tire side portion S is curved as shown in FIGS.
- the cross-sectional shape in the short direction of the protrusion 9 may be a combination of various shapes.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 17 has a rectangular top with a plurality of (two in FIG. 17) triangular shapes and a zigzag shape.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 18 has a quadrangular apex that is sharpened with one triangular shape.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 19 has a quadrangular top that is recessed in a quadrangular shape.
- the protrusion 9 shown in FIG. 20 is formed such that a quadrangular top is recessed in a quadrangle, and both sides of the recess are formed by changing the protrusion height h.
- the cross-sectional shape of the projecting portion 9 in the short direction may be various shapes such as a rectangular top portion having a waveform.
- the protrusion 9 may have a uniform cross-sectional shape (projection height h from the tire side S and width W in the short direction) in the longitudinal direction, or the protrusions of FIGS. 22 and 23.
- the cross-sectional shape may be changed in the longitudinal direction.
- the protruding portion 9 shown in FIG. 22 has a protruding end from the tire side portion S formed in an uneven shape (comb-tooth shape) along the longitudinal direction.
- the protruding portion 9 shown in FIG. 23 has a protruding end from the tire side portion S formed in an uneven shape (zigzag shape) along the longitudinal direction.
- the protruding portion 9 may have a protruding end from the tire side portion S formed in an uneven shape (wave shape) along the longitudinal direction. Although not clearly shown in FIG. 23, the protrusion 9 may be formed with the width in the short direction changing along the longitudinal direction.
- FIG. 24A is an external view of the protrusion 9, and FIG. 24B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 24A.
- the protrusion 9 is formed to be curved and extend in the longitudinal direction, and the center line in the longitudinal direction is a component in the tire circumferential direction rather than the component in the tire radial direction. That is, the angle with the tangent in the tire circumferential direction is less than 90 degrees.
- FIG. 25A is an external view of the protrusion 9, and FIG. 25B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 25A.
- a long rectangular base portion 9a is formed so as to protrude from the tire side portion S along the tire circumferential direction, and the upper portion of the base portion 9a is shown in FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B.
- a protruding portion 9 is formed to protrude.
- the protrusions 9 may be provided on the tire side portions S on both sides in the tire width direction or may be provided on one tire side portion S.
- the pneumatic tire 1 of the present embodiment is at least one of the tire side portions S, and extends in the tire radial direction outside of the tire maximum width position H, mainly in the tire circumferential direction, in a longitudinal shape.
- the protrusion 9 was disposed.
- the air passing through the tire side portion S is turbulent by the protrusion 9. For this reason, a turbulent boundary layer is generated around the pneumatic tire 1, and the expansion of air that escapes to the outside of the vehicle behind the vehicle is suppressed. As a result, the spread of the passing air is suppressed, the air resistance of the pneumatic tire 1 is reduced, and the fuel consumption can be improved.
- the protrusion 9 extends in a longitudinal direction mainly along the tire radial direction, and has a relatively simple structure. As a result, the complexity of the structure can be suppressed and the manufacturing cost of the pneumatic tire 1 can be reduced.
- protrusion groove or recess By the way, when the protrusion 9 is provided on the tire side portion S, the rigidity of the portion increases. Increasing the rigidity of the tire side portion S may affect the performance of the tire such as ride comfort. Therefore, a groove, a slit, or a recess may be provided in the protrusion 9 to suppress an increase in rigidity.
- FIG. 26A is a diagram showing an example of a protrusion provided with a groove.
- 26B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 26A.
- the projection 9 provided on the tire side portion S of the pneumatic tire 1 has a plurality of grooves M on the surface thereof and in the middle between the both end portions 9T1 and 9T2.
- the groove M is provided, a part of the protruding portion 9 is divided by the groove M, and the protruding portion 9 can be considered as a physically separate protruding portion with the groove M as a boundary.
- the width of the groove M is 2 mm or less, there is no problem in the aerodynamic characteristics, and the protrusion 9 as a whole including the groove M has no aerodynamic influence and does not affect the effect of increasing the downforce.
- the depth MD of the groove M may be, for example, less than the protrusion height h of the protrusion 9.
- channel M should just be the depth which does not reach the profile 1a (tire side surface Sa) of the pneumatic tire 1, for example.
- channel M is 90% or less of the protrusion height h from the top part of the projection part 9 which is the circumference
- the triangular shape of the cross section in the short direction of the protrusion 9 in FIG. 26B is an example.
- the groove M may be provided on the entire protrusion 9 or a part thereof.
- the number of the grooves M may be singular or plural.
- the grooves M may be provided evenly in the tire circumferential direction with a constant interval between the grooves M, or may be provided so that the intervals between the grooves M are different.
- FIG. 26C and FIG. 26D are diagrams showing examples of the angle of the groove M with respect to the protrusion 9.
- the groove M has an angle ⁇ with respect to the tangent line GL of the center line SL passing through the center of the projecting portion 9 in the short direction of the center line MC. It may be other than 90 degrees.
- a plurality of center lines MC in which the grooves M extend are provided at predetermined intervals with respect to the length 9L so as to intersect the extending direction of the protrusions 9.
- the shape of the groove M may not be linear.
- the shape of the groove M may be curved, bent, or wavy.
- FIG. 27A is a diagram showing an example of a protrusion provided with a recess.
- 27B is a cross-sectional view along DD in FIG. 27A.
- the protruding portion 9 provided on the tire side portion S of the pneumatic tire 1 has a plurality of concave portions D on the surface thereof and in the middle between the both end portions 9T1 and 9T2.
- the recess D is provided, a part of the protrusion 9 is divided by the recess D, and the protrusion 9 can be physically considered as a separate protrusion with the recess D as a boundary.
- the opening diameter of the concave portion D is 2 mm or less, there is no problem in the aerodynamic characteristics, and the projection portion 9 as a whole including the concave portion D has no aerodynamic influence and does not affect the effect of increasing the downforce.
- the depth DD of the recess D may be, for example, less than the protrusion height h of the protrusion 9.
- the depth DD of the recessed part D should just be the depth which does not reach the profile 1a (tire side surface Sa) of the pneumatic tire 1, for example.
- it is preferable that the depth DD of the recessed part D is 90% or less of the protrusion height h from the top part of the projection part 9 which is the circumference
- the triangular shape of the cross section in the short direction of the protrusion 9 in FIG. 27B is an example.
- the concave portion D may be provided on the entire protrusion 9 or a part thereof.
- the number of the recesses D may be singular or plural. When the number of the recesses D is plural, the intervals between the recesses D may be constant, and the recesses D may be provided evenly in the tire circumferential direction, or may be provided so that the intervals between the recesses D are different.
- the groove M and the recess D are formed on the surface of the protrusion 9 as shown in the example of the protrusion 9 provided with the groove M and the recess D in FIG. It is preferable.
- the rigidity of the protrusion 9 is reduced by forming the groove M and the recess D, it is possible to suppress a decrease in riding comfort due to the tire side portion S having a rigid structure by the protrusion 9. And since the mass of the projection part 9 falls by forming the groove
- channel M and the recessed part D are provided alternately along the extension direction of the projection part 9 in FIG. 28, you may arrange
- the groove M and the recess D are provided in a portion of the tire side portion S where the deflection is large.
- the position where the groove M and the recess D are provided is preferably provided in a range including the tire maximum width position H in the range SD of the tire side portion S.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing a range SDH in which the groove M and the recess D are provided in the protrusion.
- the groove M and the recess D are provided, for example, in a range SDH of the protrusion 9 (not shown in FIG. 29) provided in the tire side portion S.
- the height of the range SDH in which the groove M and the recess D are provided is, for example, 20% to 80% of the height of the range SD of the tire side portion S with the tire maximum width position H as the center.
- Providing the grooves M and the recesses D in the projections 9 provided in this range SDH can suppress the rigidity of the tire side portion S from increasing and prevent the ride comfort from being lowered.
- the intervals between the protrusions 9 in the tire circumferential direction are not uniform.
- the interval between the protrusions 9 is an auxiliary line (not shown) drawn in the tire radial direction from the end portions 9T1 and 9T2 of the protrusion 9 in a side view of the pneumatic tire 1 to assist at each protrusion 9. It is shown as an angle around the center of rotation (rotation axis) P between the lines. And in order to make the space
- the protrusions 9 may have a pitch in the tire circumferential direction that is equal to or different from a pitch in the tire circumferential direction of the lug grooves of the tread portion 2. If the pitch in the tire circumferential direction of the protrusion 9 is made different from the pitch in the tire circumferential direction of the lug groove of the tread 2, the sound pressure generated from the protrusion 9 and the sound pressure due to the lug groove are different in frequency. Therefore, the pattern noise generated by the lug grooves can be reduced.
- the lug grooves that vary the pitch of the protrusions 9 in the tire circumferential direction include all the lug grooves in the rib-like land portion 23 that is formed by a plurality of main grooves 22 in the tire width direction.
- the tire circumferential direction of the protrusions 9 with respect to the pitch of the outermost lug grooves arranged closest to the protrusions 9 It is preferable to vary the pitch at.
- the inside / outside direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is mounted is specified, and it is preferable that the protruding portion 9 is disposed on the tire side portion S which is the outside of the vehicle.
- the direction with respect to the inside and outside of the vehicle 100 is specified in the tire width direction.
- the designation of the direction is not clearly shown in the figure, but is indicated by, for example, an index provided on the sidewall portion 4.
- the side facing the inside of the vehicle 100 is the inside of the vehicle
- the side facing the outside of the vehicle 100 is the outside of the vehicle.
- the designation of the inside of the vehicle and the outside of the vehicle is not limited to the case where the vehicle 100 is mounted.
- the orientation of the rim 50 see FIGS.
- the air flow is pushed out to the outside of the vehicle by providing a projection 9 on the tire side portion S outside the vehicle. Can increase downforce.
- the 30 has a plurality of protrusions 91a, 92a, 93a, 94a, 95a, 96a, 97a, and 98a on the tire side portion S.
- the pneumatic tire 1 shown in FIG. the intervals between the plurality of protrusions 91a, 92a, 93a, 94a, 95a, 96a, 97a, and 98a are uniform, that is, equal intervals.
- the plurality of protrusions 91 a, 92 a, 93 a, 94 a, 95 a, 96 a, 97 a and 98 a are arranged in a range SD including the tire maximum width position H.
- the protrusion 91a is provided on the tire side portion S on the outer side of the vehicle 100 on which the tire is mounted.
- the relationship between both ends and the rotation center P of the pneumatic tire 1 is opposite to the protrusion 91 shown in FIG. 3A. That is, the protrusion 91a has an end in the clockwise direction located on the inner side in the tire radial direction than the end in the counterclockwise direction.
- the protrusion 91 a has an arc shape when viewed from the outside of the vehicle 100 in the direction along the rotation axis P of the pneumatic tire 1, and the concave portion side of the arc is the pneumatic tire 1.
- the other projections 92a, 93a, 94a, 95a, 96a, 97a and 98a are the same as the projection 91a.
- the pneumatic tire 1 shown in FIG. 31 has a plurality of protrusions 91b, 92b, 93b, 94b, 95b, 96b, 97b and 98b on the tire side portion S.
- the intervals between the plurality of protrusions 91b, 92b, 93b, 94b, 95b, 96b, 97b and 98b are uniform, that is, equal intervals.
- the plurality of protrusions 91b, 92b, 93b, 94b, 95b, 96b, 97b, and 98b are arranged in a range SD including the tire maximum width position H.
- the protruding portion 91b has an arc shape when viewed from the outside of the vehicle 100 in the direction along the rotation axis P of the pneumatic tire 1, and the protruding portion side of the arc is a pneumatic tire opposite to the protruding portion 91a shown in FIG. 1 is directed toward the center of rotation P.
- the other projections 92b, 93b, 94b, 95b, 96b, 97b and 98b are the same as the projection 91b.
- the 32 has a plurality of protrusions 91c, 92c, 93c, 94c, 95c, 96c, 97c and 98c on the tire side portion S.
- the pneumatic tire 1 shown in FIG. the intervals between the plurality of protrusions 91c, 92c, 93c, 94c, 95c, 96c, 97c, and 98c are uniform, that is, equal intervals.
- the plurality of protrusions 91c, 92c, 93c, 94c, 95c, 96c, 97c, and 98c are arranged in a range SD including the tire maximum width position H.
- the protrusions 91c, 92c, 93c, 94c, 95c, 96c, 97c, and 98c have an arc shape when viewed from the outside of the vehicle 100 in the direction along the rotation axis P of the pneumatic tire 1.
- 91 c, 93 c, 95 c, 97 c where the concave portion of the arc faces the direction of the rotation center P of the pneumatic tire 1, and the convex portion of the arc is the rotation of the pneumatic tire 1.
- 92c, 94c, 96c, 98c facing the direction of the center P are alternately arranged.
- the 33 has a plurality of protrusions 91d, 92d, 93d, 94d, 95d, 96d, 97d, and 98d on the tire side portion S.
- the pneumatic tire 1 shown in FIG. the intervals between the plurality of protrusions 91d, 92d, 93d, 94d, 95d, 96d, 97d, and 98d are uniform, that is, equal intervals.
- the plurality of protrusions 91d, 92d, 93d, 94d, 95d, 96d, 97d, and 98d are arranged in a range SD including the tire maximum width position H. Unlike the pneumatic tire 1 shown in FIG.
- the pneumatic tire 1 of the present embodiment is provided in the range SD including the tire maximum width position H of the tire side portion S, and has a plurality of protrusions extending in a direction intersecting the tire radial direction.
- the plurality of protrusions 9 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction, extend in the tire radial direction through the rotation center P, and have different positions in the tire circumferential direction.
- the pneumatic tire 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of protrusions 9 provided in a range SD including the tire maximum width position H of the tire side portion S and extending in a direction intersecting the radial direction.
- the plurality of protrusions 9 are provided at intervals in the tire circumferential direction, extend in the tire radial direction through the rotation center P, and protrude from the first straight line S1 and the second straight line S2 that are different from each other in the tire circumferential direction position.
- the ratio between the total width SW and the outer diameter OD satisfies the relationship of SW / OD ⁇ 0.3, which is compared with a general pneumatic tire. Since the total width is narrow and the outer diameter is large, the rolling resistance and air resistance during running can be reduced. In particular, in a large-diameter tire, the air flow is not turbulent and air resistance increases due to a decrease in the relative velocity between the side portion of the tire upper portion (the upper position when the vehicle is mounted on the tire side portion S) and the air.
- the protrusion 9 is disposed to It is possible to turbulent air flow at the side portions of the air and maintain the air resistance reduction effect.
- the tests of lift reduction performance and air resistance reduction performance are conducted by conducting a wind tunnel test when running at a running speed equivalent to 80 km / h in a simulation of a vehicle model in which a test tire is mounted on a body model of a motor-assisted passenger car, and the aerodynamic resistance
- the aerodynamic characteristics are calculated using fluid analysis software based on the lattice Boltzmann method based on the coefficients, and based on the calculation results, index evaluation using the conventional example as a reference (100) is performed. These index evaluations indicate that the larger the numerical value, the better the lift reduction performance and the air resistance reduction performance.
- the test tire is mounted on the above test vehicle, and the vehicle travels at a speed of 50 km / h on a straight-ahead test course with unevenness with a step of 10 mm, and a feeling test of ride comfort is performed by three panelists. Then, an index evaluation is performed in which an average of three test results is expressed as an index using the conventional example as a reference (100). This index evaluation indicates that the ride comfort performance is maintained when the numerical value is 99 or more, and the ride comfort performance is better as the numerical value is larger.
- the sound pressure level reduction performance test is performed by measuring the sound pressure level (sound pressure level reduction performance) of the outside noise when the test tire is mounted on the above test vehicle and traveling at a traveling speed of 80 km / h. Based on this, index evaluation is performed using the conventional example as a reference (100). This coefficient evaluation indicates that the sound pressure level reduction performance is maintained when the numerical value is 99 or more, and the sound pressure level reduction performance is better as the numerical value is larger.
- the conventional pneumatic tire has the tire size shown in Table 3 and has no protrusions.
- the pneumatic tires of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 have the tire sizes shown in Table 3, the cross-sectional shape in the short direction is the triangular shape shown in FIG. 11, and the tire diameter passes through the tire maximum width position. Although it has the some projection part extended in the direction which cross
- the pneumatic tires of Examples 1 to 13 are the tire sizes described in Table 3 of the specified range, and have the form as shown in FIG.
- the triangular shape shown in FIG. 11 has a plurality of projections extending in the direction intersecting the tire radial direction through the tire maximum width position, and the mass ratio of the projections satisfies the regulation.
- the protrusions overlap in the tire radial direction, the protrusion height of the protrusion in the extending direction, the width of the protrusion in the extending direction, It satisfies the regulations such as change in mass per tire circumferential direction, presence / absence of grooves, presence / absence of recesses, spacing between protrusions, and arrangement at the time of vehicle mounting.
- the pneumatic tire of the conventional example has the tire size shown in Table 4 and does not have a protrusion.
- the pneumatic tires of Comparative Examples 4 to 6 have the tire sizes shown in Table 4, the cross-sectional shape in the short direction is the triangular shape shown in FIG. 11, and the tire diameter passes through the tire maximum width position.
- a plurality of protrusions extending in a direction crossing the direction are included, but the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the protrusions is out of the specified range.
- the pneumatic tires of Examples 14 to 26 have the tire sizes shown in Table 4 of the specified range, and have the form shown in FIG. In the triangular shape shown in FIG. 11, it has a plurality of protrusions extending in the direction intersecting the tire radial direction through the tire maximum width position, and the ratio of the cross-sectional areas in the protrusions satisfies the regulation. .
- the protrusions overlap in the tire radial direction, the protrusion height of the protrusion in the extending direction, the width of the protrusion in the extending direction, It satisfies the regulations such as change in mass per tire circumferential direction, presence / absence of grooves, presence / absence of recesses, spacing between protrusions, and arrangement at the time of vehicle mounting.
- the pneumatic tires of each example have steering stability performance, air resistance reduction performance, uniformity, lift reduction performance, riding comfort performance, and sound pressure level reduction performance. It can be seen that it is maintained or improved.
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Abstract
Description
本実施形態の空気入りタイヤ1は、タイヤ最大幅位置Hを含む、タイヤサイド部Sの範囲SDにおいて、当該タイヤサイド部Sの表面のプロファイルであるタイヤサイド面Saよりタイヤの外側に突出して設けた突起部9を有する。
図4Aおよび図4Bは、突起部を設けることによる効果を説明する図である。図4Aは、突起部が設けられていないタイヤサイド部を有するタイヤの周囲の空気の流れを示す図である。図4Bは、突起部が設けられているタイヤサイド部を有するタイヤの周囲の空気の流れを示す図である。なお、図4Aおよび図4Bは、路面から空気入りタイヤ1のトレッド面21を見上げた状態を示す。
図5は、タイヤサイド部Sにおける突起部9の配置の例を示す図である。図6A~図6Dは、突起部9の単位長さ当たりの質量および断面の面積を説明する図である。
第1の直線S1および第2の直線S2と、突起部9とが上記のような関係である場合に、第1の直線S1が横切る突起部9の単位長さ当たりの質量の総和と、第2の直線S2が横切る突起部9の単位長さ当たりの質量の総和との比を、0.8以上1.2以下(すなわち「1」に近い値)とする。
また、第1の直線S1および第2の直線S2と、突起部9とが上記のような関係である場合に、第1の直線S1が横切る2以上の突起部91および98の第1の直線S1に沿った断面の面積の総和に対する、第2の直線S2が横切る単数の突起部98の第2の直線S2に沿った断面の面積の比を、0.8以上1.2以下(すなわち「1」に近い値)としてもよい。突起部9の一部を異なる材料によって形成した場合には、上述したように単位長さ当たりの質量とは別にまたは質量と共に、断面積を基準とすることにより、突起部9を適切に配置でき、ユニフォミティを良好な状態にすることができる。
図7A~図7Cは、突起部9の高さhおよび幅Wを説明する図である。図7Bは、突起部を空気入りタイヤの側面から視た拡大図であり、図7Cは、突起部の側面図である。図7A~図7Cに示す突起部9は、その中央部9Tの高さが、端部9T1、端部9T2の高さよりも高い。このように、突起部9を、中央部の高さが、両端部の高さよりも高い形状にすることにより、上記のような質量および断面の面積の関係を実現することができる。
図8は、突起部9の長さを説明する図である。図8に示すように、第1の直線S1が突起部91を横切る位置と、第1の直線S1が突起部98を横切る位置とは、タイヤ径方向に異なる位置である。このため、第1の直線S1に沿った径方向において、2本の突起部91と突起部98とが重なり合う。
図9は、突起部9のタイヤ周方向の質量変化を説明する図である。図9に示すように、回転中心(回転軸)Pからタイヤ径方向に切断したタイヤ周方向に1degあたりの突起部9の質量のタイヤ周方向での変動量が0.2g/deg以下であることが好ましい。
図10~図21は、突起部9の短手方向の断面の例を示す図である。突起部9の延在方向に直交する短手方向の断面形状について、図10に示す突起部9は、短手方向の断面形状が四角形状とされている。図11に示す突起部9は、短手方向の断面形状が三角形状とされている。図12に示す突起部9は、短手方向の断面形状が台形状とされている。
ところで、突起部9をタイヤサイド部Sに設けると、その部分の剛性が高まる。タイヤサイド部Sの剛性が高まることは、乗り心地などタイヤの性能に影響する可能性がある。そこで、突起部9に溝またはスリットや凹部を設けて、剛性が高まることを抑えるようにしてもよい。
図30から図33は、突起部9の他の配置例を示す図である。
9 突起部
9T 中央部
9T1,9T2 端部
100 車両
H タイヤ最大幅位置
D 凹部
M 溝
S タイヤサイド部
Sa タイヤサイド面
S1 第1の直線
S2 第2の直線
P 回転中心
SW 総幅
OD 外径
Claims (12)
- タイヤサイド部のタイヤ最大幅位置を含む範囲に設けられ、タイヤ径方向に対して交差する方向に延びている複数の突起部を含み、
前記複数の突起部は、タイヤ周方向に互いに間隔を空けて設けられ、
回転中心を通りタイヤ径方向に延び、タイヤ周方向位置が互いに異なる第1の直線および第2の直線が前記突起部をそれぞれ横切る場合に、
前記第1の直線が横切る前記突起部の単位長さ当たりの質量の総和と、前記第2の直線が横切る前記突起部の単位長さ当たりの質量の総和との比が、0.8以上1.2以下であり、
さらに総幅SWと外径ODとの比が、SW/OD≦0.3の関係を満たす、空気入りタイヤ。 - タイヤサイド部のタイヤ最大幅位置を含む範囲に設けられ、径方向に対して交差する方向に延びている複数の突起部を含み、
前記複数の突起部は、タイヤ周方向に互いに間隔を空けて設けられ、
回転中心を通りタイヤ径方向に延び、タイヤ周方向位置が互いに異なる第1の直線および第2の直線が前記突起部をそれぞれ横切る場合に、
前記第1の直線が横切る突起部の前記第1の直線に沿った断面の面積の総和と、前記第2の直線が横切る突起部の前記第2の直線に沿った断面の面積の総和との比が、0.8以上1.2以下であり、
さらに総幅SWと外径ODとの比が、SW/OD≦0.3の関係を満たす、空気入りタイヤ。 - 前記第1の直線が2以上の前記突起部を横切り、前記第2の直線が単数の前記突起部を横切る、請求項1または2に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- タイヤ周方向に1degあたりの前記突起部の質量のタイヤ周方向での変動量が0.2g/deg以下である、請求項1から3のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記突起部は、中央部の高さが、両端部の高さよりも高い、請求項1から4のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記突起部は、中央部の幅が、両端部の幅よりも大きい、請求項1から5のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記突起部は、前記タイヤ最大幅位置を通る、請求項1から6のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記複数の突起部の少なくとも1つは、溝を有する、請求項1から7のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記溝の深さは、前記突起部の前記溝が設けられている部分の高さの5%以上80%以下である、請求項8に記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 前記複数の突起部の少なくとも1つは、凹部を有する、請求項1から9のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 各前記突起部のタイヤ周方向における間隔が不均一である、請求項1から10のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
- 車両装着時での車両内外の向きが指定されており、少なくとも車両外側となるタイヤサイド部に前記突起部が形成されている、請求項1から11のいずれか1つに記載の空気入りタイヤ。
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US15/569,738 US10857842B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2016-05-09 | Pneumatic tire |
DE112016002176.3T DE112016002176T5 (de) | 2015-05-14 | 2016-05-09 | Luftreifen |
CN201680023347.5A CN107531106B (zh) | 2015-05-14 | 2016-05-09 | 充气轮胎 |
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WO2020008773A1 (ja) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-01-09 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
JP2020001621A (ja) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-09 | Toyo Tire株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
WO2021210581A1 (ja) * | 2020-04-13 | 2021-10-21 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | 空気入りタイヤ |
DE112019003388B4 (de) | 2018-07-02 | 2024-07-04 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Luftreifen |
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JP7380014B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-26 | 2023-11-15 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
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