WO2016170750A1 - Rfタグ - Google Patents
Rfタグ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016170750A1 WO2016170750A1 PCT/JP2016/001968 JP2016001968W WO2016170750A1 WO 2016170750 A1 WO2016170750 A1 WO 2016170750A1 JP 2016001968 W JP2016001968 W JP 2016001968W WO 2016170750 A1 WO2016170750 A1 WO 2016170750A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- inlay
- auxiliary antenna
- antenna
- tag
- longitudinal direction
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07775—Antenna details the antenna being on-chip
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/0779—Antenna details the antenna being foldable or folded
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
- G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
- G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
- G06K19/07773—Antenna details
- G06K19/07794—Antenna details the record carrier comprising a booster or auxiliary antenna in addition to the antenna connected directly to the integrated circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/22—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of a single substantially straight conductive element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an RF tag that is used by being attached to an arbitrary article or object such as an electric meter or a cargo container, and in particular, an auxiliary antenna is further stacked on an inlay having an IC chip and an antenna.
- the present invention relates to an RF tag.
- an RF tag that incorporates an IC chip in which predetermined information related to an article or object is stored in a readable / writable manner is widely used.
- An RF tag is also called an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag, an IC tag, a non-contact tag or the like, and is a so-called inlay in which an electronic circuit including an IC chip and a wireless antenna is sealed and coated with a substrate such as a resin film ( The inlet is an ultra-compact communication terminal formed in the form of a tag (tag).
- the reader / writer reads / writes / reads / writes predetermined information on the IC chip in the tag wirelessly. (Read-only, write-once, read / write) can be performed.
- Such an RF tag can record hundreds of bits to several kilobits of data in a memory of an IC chip, can record a sufficient amount of information as information on articles, etc. Since communication can be performed in a non-contact manner, there is no concern about contact wear, scratches, dirt, and the like. Furthermore, since the tag itself can be made non-powered, it can be processed, miniaturized, and thinned according to the object.
- an RF tag By using such an RF tag, various information regarding the article to which the tag is attached, for example, various information such as the name and identification symbol of the article, contents, components, manager, user, usage status, usage status, etc. It is possible to record and read and write a wide variety of information that was impossible with characters and barcodes printed on the label surface, simply by attaching a compact and thin tag to the article. It becomes.
- an auxiliary antenna is further stacked on the general-purpose inlay constituting the tag, so that the wireless communication distance of the general-purpose inlay can be further increased, or wireless communication in an arbitrary frequency band can be performed. Sometimes it can be done.
- auxiliary antenna formed of a metal thin film or the like is laminated on a general-purpose inlay in which an IC chip and an antenna are merely film-coated, the influence of impact, moisture, temperature change, etc. is not affected. It is easy to receive and may cause failure, malfunction or damage. For this reason, when the auxiliary antenna is laminated on the general-purpose inlay as described above, the inlay and the auxiliary antenna are externally accommodated by storing the laminated inlay and auxiliary antenna in a predetermined cover, case, casing, or the like. Protecting from the environment is done.
- the applicant of the present application stores and seals an inlay and an auxiliary antenna in a surrounding environment by housing and sealing them in a resin casing in a state where the auxiliary antenna is stacked on a general-purpose inlay.
- the technique proposed by patent document 1 employ
- the antenna provided in advance in the inlay is entirely covered by the auxiliary antenna, the inlay antenna itself does not function as an antenna.
- the applicant and the inventor of the present application as a result of earnest research, apart from the technique proposed in Patent Document 1, both the antenna provided in the inlay and the auxiliary antenna stacked in the inlay, The inventors have arrived at the invention of an RF tag that can function effectively.
- the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-described problems of the conventional technology, and an auxiliary antenna is stacked on an inlay having an IC chip and an antenna, and a predetermined housing is formed.
- the present invention relates to an RF tag capable of effectively functioning both an inlay antenna and an auxiliary antenna while being housed in a body or the like and protected from the external environment.
- an RF tag of the present invention accommodates therein an inlay having an IC chip and an antenna, an auxiliary antenna laminated on the inlay in an insulated state, and an inlay on which the auxiliary antenna is laminated.
- the antenna of the inlay forms a loop circuit in the vicinity of the IC chip, the auxiliary antenna is disposed so as to overlap a part of the loop circuit, and at least one of the antennas of the inlay. It is set as the structure arrange
- an auxiliary antenna is stacked on an inlay having an IC chip and an antenna, stored in a predetermined housing or the like, and protected from the external environment.
- wireless communication in a plurality of different frequency bands is also possible. Therefore, according to the present invention, in particular, an electric meter in which the communication characteristics of the RF tag are easily affected, a freight container used across countries and regions having different frequency bands usable as the communication frequency of the RF tag, and the like An RF tag suitable for the above can be realized.
- FIG. 1 It is the perspective view of the completion state which accommodated the inlay in the housing
- (a) is the state seen from the housing plane side
- (b) is from the housing bottom side. It shows the state as seen.
- (A) to (c) are perspective views showing a procedure for mounting and stacking the RF tag inlay and auxiliary antenna shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the dielectric constant adjustment plate on which the auxiliary antenna is stacked as viewed from the bottom side. It is a partial cross section front view which shows the RF tag which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the inlay and auxiliary antenna of RF tag which concern on one Embodiment of this invention, (a) shows an inlay, (b) shows the auxiliary antenna, (c) is a loop of an inlay. A state in which the circuit is stacked on a part of the circuit is shown.
- (A)-(e) is a top view which shows the example from which the shape of the auxiliary antenna which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention differs, respectively.
- (A)-(d) is a top view which shows the example from which the shape and lamination
- FIG. 8B shows an RF tag equipped with an antenna
- FIG. 8C shows an RF tag equipped with an inlay partially cut out and an auxiliary antenna shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a completed state in which an inlay is housed in a housing, showing an RF tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 are views of the RF tag according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view.
- FIG. 4 is a partial sectional front view of the RF tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an inlay and an auxiliary antenna of an RF tag according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows an inlay, (b) shows an auxiliary antenna, and (c) shows It shows a state in which the auxiliary antenna is stacked on a part of the inlay loop circuit.
- the RF tag 1 according to the present embodiment is an RF tag having a structure in which an inlay 10 constituting an RF tag that performs wireless communication is housed in a housing 50 and protected. By protecting the inlay 10 by 50, weather resistance, heat resistance, waterproofness, etc. are improved.
- the RF tag 1 according to the present embodiment includes an inlay 10 including an IC chip 11 and an antenna 12, and a planar auxiliary antenna 20 stacked on the inlay 10 in an insulated state.
- It has a configuration including a housing 50 that houses the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 in the mounted state.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 and the inlay 10 are mounted and stacked in this order on the upper surface of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30.
- the inlay 10 is mounted.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 can also be laminated on the upper surface of 10.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 forms a loop circuit (loop portion 11a) in the vicinity of the IC chip 11, and the auxiliary antenna 20 overlaps a part of the loop circuit. And arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10 so that at least a part of the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is exposed. Further, the length of the auxiliary antenna 20 in the longitudinal direction is formed to be larger than the length of the inlay 10 in the longitudinal direction, and at least one of the end portions in the longitudinal direction longer than the inlay 10 of the auxiliary antenna 20 is the auxiliary antenna 20. Are folded to the back side of the inlay 10 on which are stacked. Hereinafter, each part will be described in detail.
- the inlay 10 constitutes an RF tag that reads, writes, and reads and writes predetermined information wirelessly with a reader / writer (reading / writing device) (not shown).
- the inlay 10 is a read-only type or a write-once type. , Read / write type.
- the inlay 10 includes an IC chip 11 and an antenna 12 electrically connected to and connected to the IC chip 11, and these IC chips 11 After the antenna 12 is mounted and formed on one sealing film 13 formed of, for example, PET resin as a base material, another sealing film 13 is overlapped to form two sealing films. It is sealed and protected while being sandwiched by the stop film 13.
- a rectangular inlay 10 extending in a longitudinal band shape is used in which an IC chip 11 and an antenna 12 extending on both sides of the IC chip 11 are sandwiched and sealed by a rectangular sealing film 13.
- the IC chip 11 is made of a semiconductor chip such as a memory, and can record data of several hundred bits to several kilobits, for example.
- a loop-shaped circuit conductor is connected to the IC chip 11 so as to surround the periphery of the chip to form a loop portion 11a.
- the antenna 12 is connected to the left and right sides of the IC chip 11 via the loop portion 11a.
- Data read / written (data call / registration / deletion / update, etc.) is performed by wireless communication with the reader / writer (not shown) via the antenna 12 and the auxiliary antenna 20 described later, and the data recorded in the IC chip 11 is recorded.
- As data recorded on the IC chip 11 for example, arbitrary data such as product identification code, name, weight, content, manufacturer / seller name, manufacturing location, date of manufacture, expiration date, etc. can be recorded. Yes, it can be rewritten.
- the antenna 12 has a predetermined shape and size (length, length, etc.) by etching a metal thin film such as a conductive ink or a conductive aluminum vapor deposition film on the surface of one sealing film 13 serving as a base material.
- the sealing film 13 is made of a flexible film material such as polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer synthetic resin (ABS), and the like. It is preferable that the IC chip 11 and the antenna 12 to be sealed are made of transparent PET resin or the like that is visible from the outside.
- surface side of the sealing film 13 can be equipped with the adhesion layer and the contact bonding layer so that it can affix on a base material or an article
- a 860M to 960 MHz band belonging to a so-called UHF band can be targeted.
- frequency bands generally used in RF tags there are several types of frequency bands such as a band of 135 kHz or less, a 13.56 MHz band, an 860 M to 960 MHz band belonging to the UHF band, and a 2.45 GHz band.
- the communication distance that enables wireless communication varies depending on the frequency band used, and the optimum antenna length and the wiring pattern vary depending on the frequency band.
- the inlay 10 can be downsized, and the auxiliary antenna 20 described later can be used to target the UHF band where the wavelength is short and the antenna can be downsized.
- the 860 MHz band and the 920 MHz band are targeted. And good communication characteristics can be obtained in these frequency bands.
- the technical idea according to the present invention is not limited to a specific frequency band. For example, it can be applied to any frequency band other than the UHF band. Of course, it can be applied.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 functions as an antenna for improving and adjusting the communication characteristics of the inlay 10 described above. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. In the embodiment, it is made of a planar conductive member laminated on the bottom surface side), and is insulated from the inlay 10 that is resin-sealed by the sealing film 13. That is, the entire inlay 10 is resin-sealed by the sealing film 13 and is physically insulated from the auxiliary antenna 20 made of a conductive member. Then, such an auxiliary antenna 20 is directly laminated on the inlay 10 so that the auxiliary antenna 20 and the IC chip 11 of the inlay 10 are disposed to face each other via a sealing film 13, so-called capacitor coupling. As a result, electrical connection is made.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked on the inlay 10 in the vertical direction (height direction), so that the antenna 12 and the auxiliary antenna 20 of the inlay 10 constitute a two-dimensional antenna, and the auxiliary antenna 20 is a booster for communication radio waves.
- the communication characteristics of the inlay 10 can be adjusted and improved.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 can be formed, for example, by forming a conductive metal thin film into a predetermined shape and size (length, area) by punching and cutting with a Thomson blade.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 can also be formed by etching, pattern printing, or the like.
- such an auxiliary antenna 20 is disposed so as to overlap a part of the loop portion 11a (loop circuit) of the inlay 10 as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 and FIG. 5 (c).
- the other part of the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is formed in a rectangular surface extending in the longitudinal direction like the inlay 10 so as to be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10 so that at least a part is exposed. It has come to be.
- FIG. 5C illustrates a state where the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked on a part of the loop portion 11 a of the inlay 10.
- impedance matching between the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 can be achieved by first arranging the auxiliary antenna 20 so as to overlap the loop portion 11 a of the inlay 10.
- a loop circuit is formed in the vicinity of the IC chip 11 of the inlay 10 (loop portion 11a).
- the loop portion 11a is provided for impedance matching and for communication with a magnetic field component. It is necessary to prevent this magnetic field component from being obstructed by the conductor of the auxiliary antenna 20. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 5C, when the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked on the inlay 10, the impedance is generated by the conductive member that forms the auxiliary antenna 20 with respect to the loop portion 11 a of the inlay 10.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is arranged so as to overlap only a part of the loop portion 11a so that the matching is not hindered.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10 so that the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is exposed over a wide range except for a portion overlapping the loop portion 11a. 12 is arranged almost in parallel.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 itself can function as the antenna of the RF tag 1 separately from the auxiliary antenna 20.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 can function, and the RF tag 1 performs wireless communication with the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20, for example, in different frequency bands. It becomes possible to make it.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is formed such that the length in the longitudinal direction is larger than the length in the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10 as shown in FIG. Then, at least one of the end portions in the longitudinal direction longer than the inlay 10 of the auxiliary antenna 20 is bent to the back side of the inlay 10 on which the auxiliary antenna 20 is laminated, as shown in FIG.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 formed of a metal thin film has improved communication characteristics as the antenna length is longer. For this reason, it is preferable that the auxiliary antenna 20 is formed so that the length in the longitudinal direction is approximately half the wavelength of the communication radio wave.
- the entire length of the RF tag 1 is set to, for example, 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength of the communication radio wave in accordance with the length of the auxiliary antenna 20, the dimension becomes too long (too large), and a reduction in size is required. This is not preferable because of the nature of the RF tag used.
- the length of the long side of the auxiliary antenna 20 is set to be approximately half the wavelength of the radio frequency used for wireless communication, as shown in FIG. Form.
- “substantially 1 ⁇ 2” may be almost “1 ⁇ 2” as well as strictly “1 ⁇ 2 (0.5)” with respect to the wavelength of the radio frequency. For example, even within a range of ⁇ 20% of a half wavelength (0.4 to 0.6), etc., it corresponds to “approximately 1/2” according to the present invention.
- at least one of the end portions in the longitudinal direction that is longer than the inlay 10 of the auxiliary antenna 20, that is, both ends or one end in the longitudinal direction is laminated as shown in FIGS.
- the inlay 10 is bent to the back side.
- both end portions 20a and 20b of the auxiliary antenna 20 are in the longitudinal direction of the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30. It arrange
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is formed to have a length of approximately 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength corresponding to the communication radio wave of the inlay 10, so that good communication characteristics can be obtained, and the auxiliary antenna 20
- the length of the RF tag 1 can be made substantially the same as, for example, the inlay 10 serving as the core, and the request for downsizing of the RF tag 1 can be met. .
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate in which the inlay and the auxiliary antenna are laminated, produces a wavelength shortening effect. By using this plate, the apparent wavelength is shortened. Its dielectric constant is approximately “2-4”. Therefore, the length of the long side of the auxiliary antenna 20 in the present embodiment is also an approximate value, and it is sufficient that the value is approximately ⁇ / 2.
- the material of the housing 50 of the RF tag 1 and the use environment of the tag are sufficient. The length may vary depending on the change in communication characteristics depending on the usage mode. The specific length, shape, arrangement, bending method and the like of the auxiliary antenna 20 will be described later with reference to FIGS.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 has a rectangular / planar peripheral shape that extends in the longitudinal direction, the planar portion can be formed in, for example, a mesh (mesh) shape, a lattice shape, or the like, although not illustrated. .
- the auxiliary antenna 20 By forming the auxiliary antenna 20 in a mesh shape or the like in this manner, the function as an antenna is not impaired by the skin effect, and the area of the entire conductor portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be reduced. Conductive materials such as conductive ink to be formed can be saved, and the cost of the RF tag 1 can be further reduced.
- the housing 50 is a protection means for protecting the inlay 10 by housing the inlay 10 described above, and the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 on which the inlay 10 is mounted is detachably housed inside the housing. It has become so. By protecting the inlay 10 by the housing 50, the weather resistance, heat resistance, waterproofness, and the like as the RF tag are enhanced.
- the housing 50 has a recess 51 a (see FIG. 5) serving as a space for immovably storing the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 on which the inlay 10 on which the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked is mounted. 4) and a lid portion 52 that covers and closes and seals the opening of the recess 51a of the housing body 51, and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole.
- the outer shape of the housing 50 can be changed as long as the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 on which the inlay 10 with the auxiliary antenna 20 stacked therein can be accommodated.
- the RF tag 1 The outer shape of the housing 50 can be appropriately designed and changed according to the structure and size of the article using the tag, the usage state of the tag, and the like.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 serves as a base on which the inlay 10 on which the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked is mounted, and functions as a dielectric constant adjusting layer for the mounted inlay 10. It is made of a plate-like member that is detachably engaged and immovably engaged and accommodated in the housing 50. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the inlays 10 and the auxiliary antennas 20 are arranged in a rectangular plate shape having a width that can be mounted by arranging the inlays 10 and the auxiliary antennas 20 along the longitudinal direction. Is formed. Then, the both ends 20a and 20b in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna 20 are uniformly projected from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30, and as shown in FIG.
- the two end portions 20a and 20b of 20 are bent to the back side of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 as they are.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 is engaged with the recess 51a of the housing body 51 and is held immovable, and the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 are housed and held in the housing.
- the lid 52 is a plate-like lid member that is fitted into the opening of the recess 51a in a state where the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 is accommodated and engaged, and closes the entire opening of the recess 51a.
- the recess 51a of the housing body 51 has a depth in which the entire dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 on which the inlay 10 in which the auxiliary antenna 20 is stacked and the end is folded is accommodated,
- the lid 52 has a depth that fits perfectly when overlaid on the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 (see FIG. 4).
- the recess 51a has a stepped portion along the opening edge, while the lid portion 52 has a flange-shaped stepped portion along the peripheral edge.
- the lid portion 52 is formed to be substantially flush with the back surface of the housing body 51 (so-called flush) with the recess 51a closed (FIG. 1). (See (b) and FIG. 4).
- the lid 52 fitted and closed in the opening of the recess 51a is joined to the housing body 51 by, for example, ultrasonic fusion, thermal fusion, adhesive, or the like, and the housing 50 is sealed and sealed from the outside. .
- the casing 50 is attached to the article / object using the RF tag 1 with, for example, an adhesive or a screw or the like while the casing main body 51 is sealed by the lid portion 52. It is used by being installed and fitted at a predetermined place on an object.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 and the lid portion 52 can be provided at the positions corresponding to the convex portions 30a and the hole portions 52a, which have a concavo-convex structure that engages with each other in the state of being accommodated and engaged in the concave portion 51a. .
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 and the lid 52 are protruded toward the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 at two locations along the longitudinal center line on the mutually opposing surfaces. Portions 30a and 30a are formed with holes 52a and 52a on the lid 52 side.
- thermoplastic resins such as resins, polyferrenine sulfide resins, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) resins, polyvinyl chloride resins, polyurethane resins, fluorine resins, silicone resins, and thermoplastic elastomers.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 since it is excellent in weather resistance, heat resistance, water resistance, etc., and it is easy to form and process the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 described later according to the communication characteristics of the inlay 10, it is particularly weather resistant AES resin or weather resistant polycarbonate.
- the housing 50 including the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 is formed of resin.
- the housing main body 51 and the lid portion 52 constituting the housing 50 formed of the resin material as described above are formed of the same resin material.
- the casing main body 51 and the lid 52 are joined by means such as ultrasonic fusion after the opening of the recess 51 is closed by the lid 52.
- the two can be more reliably and firmly joined when they are joined by fusion or adhesion.
- the casing main body 51 and the lid portion 52 can be joined and sealed, it is also possible to form both of them from different materials.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 as described above can be formed into a shape having a predetermined dielectric constant for adjusting the communication characteristics of the inlay 10 on which the auxiliary antenna 20 is laminated. In contrast, it functions as a dielectric constant adjusting layer for the inlay 10 mounted and laminated.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 is formed with a predetermined thickness, and one or two or more through portions (through holes) penetrating the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 at predetermined locations on the mounting surface on which the inlay 10 is mounted. Can be provided.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 can partially dispose the dielectric with respect to the mounted inlay 10. Accordingly, the dielectric constant is considered in consideration of various conditions such as the type and communication characteristics of the inlay 10 to be used, the material of the casing 50 and the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30, the article using the RF tag 1, the usage environment, and the frequency band used.
- the dielectric constant is considered in consideration of various conditions such as the type and communication characteristics of the inlay 10 to be used, the material of the casing 50 and the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30, the article using the RF tag 1, the usage environment, and the frequency band used.
- the position, shape, size, number, and the like of the through portions formed in the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 are the types of resin materials forming the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 and the housing 50, the communication characteristics and the communication frequency of the inlay 10.
- it is possible to design and change in consideration of conditions such as an article using the RF tag 1, a use environment, a use region, and the like.
- both the case 50 (the case main body 51 and the lid 52) and the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 are formed of a weather-resistant AES resin, and the case 50 (the case main body 51 and the lid 52).
- both the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 and the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 are formed of weatherproof polycarbonate resin, the positions, shapes, sizes, numbers, etc. of the through holes formed in the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 are different.
- the resin material forming the housing 50 (the housing body 51 and the lid 52) and the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 is different, and the rest may have the same configuration, shape, and dimensions. it can.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 can be formed in a complete plate shape without a hole or the like without forming the through portion as described above. According to such a dielectric constant adjusting plate 30, the dielectric constant adjusting layer (dielectric constant adjusting plate 30) having a predetermined dielectric constant is disposed on the entire surface on one side with respect to the inlay 10. 10 is designed to obtain good communication characteristics.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 is appropriately designed / designed according to the resin material forming the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 and the housing 50, the communication characteristics of the inlay 10, the article using the RF tag 1, the usage situation, and the like. It can be changed, and a penetrating part can be provided as appropriate or no such penetrating part can be provided at all. Therefore, from the viewpoint of ease of design and adjustment of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 including the formation of the through portion and stability of communication characteristics, the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 is the same as the case main body 51 and the lid portion 52. It is preferable to form with a resin material. Of course, when the optimum communication characteristics as the RF tag 1 can be obtained, the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30, the housing body 51, and the lid portion 52 can be formed of different resin materials.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is arranged so as to overlap a part of the loop portion 11a (loop circuit) of the inlay 10, and the antenna 12 of the inlay 10
- the other parts are basically arranged along the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10 so as to be exposed over a wide range.
- the length of the auxiliary antenna 20 in the longitudinal direction is set to be approximately 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength of the communication radio wave.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is formed linearly along the longitudinal direction longer than the inlay 10 and the lower end in the longitudinal direction of the loop portion 11 a located at the center of the inlay 10.
- a protruding portion 21 that is overlapped along the edge extends substantially at the center of the auxiliary antenna 20 so as to protrude toward the inlay 10.
- the upper end edge of the protruding portion 21 is overlapped along the lower end edge of the loop portion 11 a of the inlay 10, and the auxiliary antenna 20 and the inlay 10 do not overlap with other portions. It can be arranged as follows.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is exposed widely without the auxiliary antenna 20 being laminated except for the lower end edge of the loop portion 11a, and the antenna 12 itself of the inlay 10 is different from the auxiliary antenna 20. It becomes possible to function as an antenna of the RF tag 1 separately. Therefore, the two antennas, the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20, can be used as antennas that perform wireless communication in different frequency bands (see FIG. 11).
- the planar shape of the auxiliary antenna 20 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 5.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 as shown in FIG. 6 is adopted according to the characteristics of the inlay 10, the communication frequency, and the like. You can also.
- 6A to 6E are plan views showing examples in which the shape of the auxiliary antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention is different. Also in these auxiliary antennas 20 shown in FIGS. 6A to 6E, the length in the longitudinal direction is set to be approximately 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength of the communication radio wave in the entire length.
- auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6A a concave notch is provided at the center of the edge (lower edge) facing the protrusion 21 with respect to the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. Yes.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6B is provided with concave notches on both sides of the protrusion 21 with respect to the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG.
- impedance matching with the loop portion 11a of the inlay 10 can be adjusted, and more depending on the characteristics of the inlay 10, the communication frequency, and the like.
- An appropriate and optimal auxiliary antenna 20 can be realized.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6C has longitudinal ends 20a, 20b longer than the inlay of the auxiliary antenna 20 with respect to the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. It extends in the direction that crosses (downward).
- the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6 (d) further includes both end portions 20a and 20b extending in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction (downward) with respect to the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6 (c). It extends along the longitudinal direction toward the center of the antenna.
- the length of the auxiliary antenna 20 in the longitudinal direction is maintained at, for example, approximately 1 ⁇ 2 wavelength of the communication radio wave,
- the length extending in the longitudinal direction can be further shortened, and the entire length of the RF tag 1 can be shortened.
- the end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 when the end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 is bent as described above, the end portion protruding outward from the inlay 10 also protrudes in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna 20. A portion that is folded back to the back surface side of 10 is bent along the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna 20 (see FIG. 8 described later).
- the end portion bent in the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna 20 is such that only at least one end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 is such.
- both ends of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be configured as such.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6 (e) has longitudinal ends 20a and 20b longer than the inlay 10 of the auxiliary antenna 20 as compared to the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. It extends and bends in a direction inclined to the inlay 10 side (upper side) with respect to the direction.
- the end portions 20a and 20b of the auxiliary antenna 20 are folded back to the back surface side, the end portions 20a and 20b are inclined to the inlay 10 side. It will be folded back diagonally.
- the folded portion does not protrude from the edge portion of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 serving as a base, for example, and the folded portion can be neatly folded.
- the inclined end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 shown in FIG. 6E only at least one end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be formed as such, and both ends of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be formed.
- the part may be configured as such.
- FIGS. 7A to 7D are plan views showing examples in which the inlay and the auxiliary antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention have different shapes and laminated forms, respectively.
- the inlay 10 is the same as that shown in FIG. 5 for a plurality of types of inlays 10 having different shapes and configurations of the antenna 12 and the loop portion 11a.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 having the protruding portion 21 and the straight strip-shaped auxiliary antenna 20 without the protruding portion 21 and the recess / notch are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the inlay 10. It is arranged so as to overlap with the edge portion (upper edge or lower edge) of the direction.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 functions effectively as long as the exposed area of the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is secured. Therefore, the configuration of the RF tag 1 according to the present invention can be adopted.
- FIG. 8 is a plan view of the RF tag inlay according to an embodiment of the present invention and a plan view when one end side in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna is cut, (a) showing the inlay and (b) showing the auxiliary antenna. ing.
- the inlay 10 cuts (cuts) a part (one side in the longitudinal direction) of the antenna 12 at a broken line position shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, leaving the loop portion 11a. can do.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is formed in a linear shape along the longitudinal direction longer than the inlay 10 and includes a notch 22 in which a part of the loop circuit 11a of the inlay 10 is exposed. A part (one side in the longitudinal direction) of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be cut in accordance with the cut inlay 10.
- the inlay 10 can be made shorter than the original length in the longitudinal direction. Further, by cutting and cutting off a part of the antenna 12 of the inlay 10, it is possible to prevent the folded inlay 10 (antenna 12) from overlapping the back side of the loop portion 11 a, so that the loop portion 11 a functions effectively. Will be able to. Then, the entire length of the RF tag 1 can be shortened to the length of the inlay 10 shortened by cutting a part, and the auxiliary antenna 20 has a predetermined length longer than the inlay 10. One end or both ends of the end that is longer than the inlay 10 can be folded back to the back side while ensuring the length.
- FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are examples in which the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 with parts cut off shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) are mounted and stacked on the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30.
- the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 serving as a base has a length that allows mounting of a partially cut inlay 10, and the length at which both ends or one end of the auxiliary antenna 20 protrudes. It has become. Accordingly, both ends or one end of the auxiliary antenna 20 protruding from the end of the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 are folded back to the back side.
- both ends in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary antenna 20 are projected from the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 as folded portions, and both ends of the auxiliary antenna 20 are inlaid 10 (dielectric constant adjusting plate 30). It will be folded back to the back side.
- FIGS. 8D and 8E only one end portion of the auxiliary antenna 20 in the longitudinal direction is protruded from the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30. In this case, in FIG. The end of the auxiliary antenna 20 that protrudes toward the loop portion 11a of the inlay 10 is folded, and in FIG. 8E, the end of the auxiliary antenna 20 that protrudes toward the end of the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is folded. ing.
- the length in the longitudinal direction can be further shortened, and the RF tag 1 can be further reduced in size and length. become.
- the RF tag 1 as described above can be folded in two directions as shown in FIG. 9 as a folding direction in which the auxiliary antenna 20 formed longer than the inlay 10 is folded back.
- both ends (or one ends) of the auxiliary antenna 20 formed linearly along the longitudinal direction are from the end portions of the inlay 10 (and the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30). It will protrude.
- the end portions (both ends or one end) of the auxiliary antenna 20 are bent along the direction intersecting the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 9A, and the inlay 10 (dielectric constant adjusting plate 30). It will be folded back on the back side.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 in which both end portions (or one end portion) in the longitudinal direction are bent in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction has both ends (or one end) at the inlay 10.
- the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30 protrudes from the edge (upper edge or lower edge) in the longitudinal direction.
- the end portions (both ends or one end) of the auxiliary antenna 20 are bent along the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. 9B, and are placed on the back side of the inlay 10 (dielectric constant adjusting plate 30). It will be wrapped.
- the bending direction of the auxiliary antenna 20 can be bent in an appropriate direction according to the shape of the auxiliary antenna 20, the protruding direction from the inlay 10 (dielectric constant adjusting plate 30), and the like.
- FIG. 10A, 10B, and 10C are line graphs showing the relationship between the communication distance and the frequency, each showing the communication characteristics of the RF tag according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10A shows the relationship between the communication distance and the frequency of the RF tag 1 including the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 that are not partially cut as shown in FIGS.
- each of the four RF tags 1 can obtain a peak of the first communication distance (about 5 to 9 m) in the 800 to 820 MHz band, which is the antenna of the inlay 10. This is due to 12.
- the four RF tags 1 have the second communication distance in the 860 M to 960 MHz band, 900 M to 920 MHz band, 940 M to 960 MHz band, and 960 M to 980 MHz band, respectively. It can be seen that peaks (about 4 m ⁇ 6 to 7 m ⁇ 7 to 8 m ⁇ 8 to 9 m) are obtained. This is due to the auxiliary antenna 20.
- FIGS. 10B and 10C show the relationship between the communication distance and the frequency of the RF tag 1 including the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 that are partially cut as shown in FIG.
- the cut position of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 the dimensions and shape of the cut outer shape
- the frequency band can be adjusted to a predetermined range according to the size and shape of the notch 22. In any case, two peaks can be obtained as the communication distance, with the low frequency band due to the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the high frequency band due to the auxiliary antenna 20.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 is overlapped on a part of the loop portion 11a (loop circuit) formed by the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the inlay 10
- the other part of the antenna 12 is arranged so as to be exposed over a wide range without being covered by the auxiliary antenna 20.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 has an auxiliary length that is longer (longer) than the length of the inlay 10 in the longitudinal direction, with the length of the long side (longitudinal direction) being approximately 1 ⁇ 2 the wavelength of the radio frequency used for wireless communication.
- At least one of the end portions 20 a and 20 b of the antenna 20 is configured to be bent toward the back side of the inlay 10.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 does not impede impedance matching with respect to the loop portion 11a of the inlay 10, and Since the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 is exposed over a wide range without being covered by the auxiliary antenna 20, the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 itself can function as the antenna of the RF tag 1 together with the auxiliary antenna 20.
- the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 can function, and the RF tag 1 has good communication characteristics in the frequency bands different between the antenna 12 of the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20, respectively. Wireless communication can be performed.
- the auxiliary antenna 20 that spreads in a planar shape is stacked on the inlay 10 including the IC chip 11 and the antenna 12, and is housed in a predetermined casing 50 to be protected from the external environment.
- both the antenna 12 and the auxiliary antenna 20 of the inlay 10 can be effectively functioned, and wireless communication in a plurality of different frequency bands can be enabled. Therefore, an RF tag suitable for an electric meter that is susceptible to the communication characteristics of the RF tag 1 or a freight container that is used across different countries or regions where the frequency band that can be used as the communication frequency of the RF tag 1 is different. This can be realized, and versatility and expandability as an RF tag can be remarkably improved.
- the communication frequency is different due to different IC chips 11 and antennas 12 constituting the inlay 10, or the inlays 10 having the same IC chip 11 and antenna 12 configuration have different usable communication frequency bands, for example. Even when it is used in a local area, it can be dealt with by changing / adjusting the dielectric constant adjusting plate 30. Thus, for example, even when the RF tag 1 is used in a cargo container that is transported or used across such countries or regions, the casing 50 or the like can be obtained by replacing only the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30. It is possible to cope with a plurality of different communication frequencies while using a common inlay 10.
- the communication frequency and usage mode are structured and materials corresponding to only a specific metal article or communication frequency fixedly or exclusively like the conventional RF tag. , It is possible to solve the problem that all the components of the RF tag must be changed and recreated when the usage region is different.
- the inlay 10 and the auxiliary antenna 20 that are housed in the housing 50, the dielectric It is possible to respond by simply changing the rate adjustment plate 30 and the like, and even when the article using the RF tag 1, the communication frequency of the RF tag 1 and the usage environment are different, the dielectric constant adjustment plate 30 can be replaced. It becomes possible to respond by changing only.
- the RF tag 1 of the present embodiment the RF tag 1 suitable for various articles, communication frequencies, usage environments, and the like can be provided, and the manufacturing cost of the entire RF tag can be reduced.
- the existing general-purpose inlay can be actively used, the entire tag can be configured at low cost, and the metal-compatible RF tag can be realized with excellent versatility and expandability and good communication characteristics at low cost. be able to.
- RF tag which concerns on this invention is not limited only to embodiment mentioned above, Various in the range of this invention It goes without saying that changes can be made.
- an electric meter or a freight container is described as an example of an article using the RF tag according to the present invention.
- an article or an object that can use the RF tag of the present invention is an electric meter.
- the RF tag according to the present invention is applied to any article / object as long as it is an article / object in which an RF tag is used and predetermined information / data is read / written via a reader / writer. can do.
- an inlay of an RF tag is housed and sealed in a casing in order to improve light resistance, waterproofness, etc., which is used by being attached to any article or object such as an electric meter or a cargo container. It can be suitably used as a metal-compatible RF tag having a structure.
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Abstract
Description
このようなRFタグは、ICチップのメモリに数百ビット~数キロビットのデータが記録可能であり、物品等に関する情報としては十分な情報量を記録でき、また、読取・書込装置側とは非接触で通信が行えるため接点の磨耗や傷、汚れ等の心配もなく、さらに、タグ自体は無電源にすることができるため対象物に合わせた加工や小型化・薄型化が可能となる。
そして、このようなRFタグでは、タグを構成する汎用のインレイに対して、更に補助アンテナを積層することにより、汎用インレイの無線通信距離をより長くしたり、任意の周波数帯域での無線通信が行えるようにしたりする場合がある。
このため、そのように汎用インレイに補助アンテナを積層して用いる場合には、積層させたインレイ及び補助アンテナを、所定のカバーやケース,筐体などに収納することで、インレイや補助アンテナを外部環境から保護することが行われる。
この点、本願の出願人及び発明者は、鋭意研究の結果、特許文献1で提案されている技術とは別に、インレイに備えられているアンテナと、インレイに積層される補助アンテナの双方を、有効に機能させることができるRFタグの発明に想到するに至ったものである。
従って、本発明によれば、特に、RFタグの通信特性が影響を受けやすい電気メータや、RFタグの通信周波数として使用可能な周波数帯域が異なる国や地域にまたがって使用される貨物用コンテナなどに好適なRFタグを実現することができる。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグを示す、インレイを筐体内に収納した完成状態の斜視図であり、図2及び3は、同じく本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグの分解斜視図である。
また、図4は、本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグの一部断面正面図である。
さらに、図5は、本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグのインレイ及び補助アンテナを示す平面図であり、(a)はインレイを、(b)は補助アンテナを示しており、(c)は補助アンテナをインレイのループ回路の一部に重ねて積層した状態を示している。
具体的には、本実施形態に係るRFタグ1は、図2に示すように、ICチップ11とアンテナ12を備えたインレイ10と、インレイ10と絶縁状態で積層される面状の補助アンテナ20と、補助アンテナ20が積層されたインレイ10が搭載される基台となるとともに、搭載されたインレイに対する誘電率調整層として機能する誘電率調整プレート30と、補助アンテナ20が積層されたインレイ10が搭載された状態で誘電率調整プレート30を内部に収納する筐体50とを備えた構成となっている。なお、本実施形態では、誘電率調整プレート30の上面に、補助アンテナ20,インレイ10の順に搭載・積層されるようになっているが、誘電率調整プレート30にインレイ10を搭載した後に、インレイ10の上面に補助アンテナ20を積層することもできる。
さらに、補助アンテナ20の長手方向の長さが、インレイ10の長手方向の長さより大きく形成されるとともに、補助アンテナ20のインレイ10よりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、当該補助アンテナ20が積層されるインレイ10の裏面側に折り曲げられるようになっている。
以下、各部を詳細に説明する。
インレイ10は、図示しないリーダ・ライタ(読取・書込装置)との間で無線による所定の情報の読み取りや書き込み,読み書きが行われるRFタグを構成しており、例えばリードオンリー型,ライトワンス型,リード・ライト型等の種類がある。
具体的には、インレイ10は、図2及び図5(a)に示すように、ICチップ11と、ICチップ11に電気的に導通・接続されたアンテナ12とを有し、これらICチップ11及びアンテナ12が、基材となる例えばPET樹脂等で形成された1枚の封止フィルム13上に搭載,形成された後、もう1枚の封止フィルム13が重ね合わされて、2枚の封止フィルム13によって挟持された状態で封止・保護されている。
本実施形態では、ICチップ11とICチップ11の両側に伸びるアンテナ12を長方形状の封止フィルム13で挟持・封止した、長手方向に帯状に伸びる矩形状のインレイ10を用いている。
ICチップ11には、チップ周囲を囲むようにループ状の回路導体が接続されてループ部11aが形成されており、このループ部11aを経由して、ICチップ11の左右両側にアンテナ12が接続されている。
そして、このアンテナ12及び後述する補助アンテナ20を介して図示しないリーダ・ライタとの間で無線通信による読み書き(データ呼び出し・登録・削除・更新など)が行われ、ICチップ11に記録されたデータが認識されるようになっている。
ICチップ11に記録されるデータとしては、例えば、商品の識別コード、名称、重量、内容量、製造・販売者名、製造場所、製造年月日、使用期限等、任意のデータが記録可能であり、また、書換も可能である。
封止フィルム13は、例えばポリエチレン,ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET),ポリプロピレン,ポリイミド,ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC),アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン共重合合成樹脂(ABS)等の可撓性を有するフィルム材からなり、封止するICチップ11・アンテナ12が外部から視認可能な透明のPET樹脂等で構成されることが好ましい。また、封止フィルム13の片面側のフィルム表面には、基材や物品への貼り付けができるように粘着層・接着層を備えることができる。
一般にRFタグで使用される周波数帯としては、例えば、135kHz以下の帯域、13.56MHz帯、UHF帯に属する860M~960MHz帯、2.45GHz帯等の数種類の周波数帯がある。そして、使用される周波数帯によって無線通信が可能な通信距離が異なるとともに、周波数帯によって最適なアンテナ長などや配線パターンが異なってくる。
但し、インレイ10や補助アンテナ20の大きさの制約等がなければ、本発明に係る技術思想自体は、特定の周波数帯に限定されるものではなく、例えばUHF帯以外の任意の周波数帯域についても適用できることは勿論である。
前記補助アンテナ20は、上述したインレイ10の通信特性を向上・調整するためのアンテナとして機能するものであり、図2~3及び図5(b)に示すように、インレイ10の片面側(本実施形態では底面側)に積層配置される面状の導電性部材からなり、封止フィルム13によって樹脂封止されたインレイ10とは絶縁状態となっている。
すなわち、インレイ10は、封止フィルム13によって全体が樹脂封止されており、導電性部材からなる補助アンテナ20とは物理的には絶縁状態となっている。そして、このような補助アンテナ20がインレイ10に直接積層されることで、補助アンテナ20とインレイ10のICチップ11は、封止フィルム13を介して対向配置されるようになり、所謂コンデンサカップリングによって電気的接続がなされるようになる。
ここで、補助アンテナ20は、例えば導電性を有する金属薄膜をトムソン刃による抜き切断加工等により所定の形状・大きさ(長さ,面積)に成形することで形成することができる。また、エッチングやパターン印刷などによって補助アンテナ20を形成することもできる。
図5(c)に、補助アンテナ20をインレイ10のループ部11aの一部に重ねて積層した状態を例示する。
インレイ10のICチップ11近傍にはループ回路が形成されているが(ループ部11a)、このループ部11aは、インピーダンス整合を図る目的があり、かつ、磁界成分での通信を行うために設けられており、この磁界成分を補助アンテナ20の導体により阻害しないようにする必要がある。
そこで、本実施形態では、図5(c)に示すように、補助アンテナ20をインレイ10に重ねて積層するにあたり、インレイ10のループ部11aに対して補助アンテナ20を構成する導電性部材によってインピーダンス整合が阻害されないように、補助アンテナ20をループ部11aの一部にのみ重ねて配置するようにしてある。
これによって、インレイ10のアンテナ12と補助アンテナ20の2つのアンテナを機能させることができ、RFタグ1を、インレイ10のアンテナ12と補助アンテナ20とで、例えばそれぞれ異なる周波数帯域で無線通信を行わせることが可能となる。
そして、補助アンテナ20のインレイ10よりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、図3に示すように、当該補助アンテナ20が積層されるインレイ10の裏面側に折り曲げられるようになっている。
一方、補助アンテナ20の長さに合わせて、RFタグ1の全体の長さを、例えば通信電波の1/2波長とすると、寸法が長くなり過ぎる(大き過ぎる)ことになり、小型化が要請されるRFタグの性質上好ましくない。
ここで、「略1/2」とは、電波周波数の波長に対して厳密に「1/2(0.5)」である場合は勿論のこと、概ね「1/2」であってもよく、例えば1/2波長の±20%の範囲(0.4~0.6)等であっても、本発明に係る「略1/2」に該当する。
その上で、補助アンテナ20のインレイ10よりも長くなる長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方、すなわち、長手方向の両端又はいずれか一端を、図3,4に示すように、補助アンテナ20が積層されるインレイ10の裏面側に折り曲げるようにしてある。
このようにすることで、補助アンテナ20を、インレイ10の通信電波に対応させてほぼ1/2波長の長さに形成することで、良好な通信特性が得られるようにしつつ、補助アンテナ20の端部を折り曲げることで、RFタグ1の長さを、例えばコアとなるインレイ10とほぼ同じ長さにすることができ、RFタグ1の小型化の要請にも対応することができるようになる。
補助アンテナ20の具体的な長さや形状,配置,折り曲げ方法等については、図5~9等を参照しつつ後述する。
そこで、補助アンテナ20は、特に図示しないが、長手方向に伸びる矩形・面状の周縁外形を有していれば、面状部分を例えばメッシュ(網目)状,格子状等に形成することができる。
このように補助アンテナ20をメッシュ状等に形成することで、表皮効果によりアンテナとしての機能は損なわれず、かつ、補助アンテナ20の全体の導体部分の面積を少なくすることができ、補助アンテナ20を形成する導電性インク等の導体材料を節減でき、RFタグ1の更なる低コスト化を図ることができるようになる。
筐体50は、内部に上述したインレイ10を収納することで、当該インレイ10を保護するための保護手段であり、筐体内部にインレイ10を搭載した誘電率調整プレート30が着脱可能に収納されるようになっている。
この筐体50によってインレイ10が保護されることにより、RFタグとしての耐候性や耐熱性・防水性等が高められるようになる。
なお、筐体50の外形は、内部に補助アンテナ20が積層されたインレイ10が搭載された誘電率調整プレート30が収納できる限り、外形の形状・構造等は変更可能であり、例えばRFタグ1を使用する物品の構造や大きさ、タグの使用状態等に応じて筐体50の外形は適宜設計・変更することができる。
そして、この誘電率調整プレート30の長手方向両端から、補助アンテナ20の長手方向の両端部20a,20bが均等に突出するように配置されることで、図3に示すように、突出した補助アンテナ20の両端部20a,20bが、そのまま誘電率調整プレート30の裏面側に折り曲げるようになる。
この誘電率調整プレート30が筐体本体51の凹部51aに係合して移動不能に保持され、インレイ10及び補助アンテナ20が筐体内に収納・保持されることになる。
本実施形態では、筐体本体51の凹部51aは、補助アンテナ20が積層され端部が折り曲げられた状態のインレイ10を搭載した誘電率調整プレート30の全体が収まる深さを有し、さらに、誘電率調整プレート30に重ねられた状態で蓋部52が嵌合してピッタリと収まる深さを有している(図4参照)。
凹部51aの開口に嵌合・閉止した蓋部52は、例えば超音波融着や熱融着、接着剤等によって、筐体本体51と接合され、筐体50は外部から密閉・封止される。
そして、筐体本体51が蓋部52によって密閉された状態で、筐体50はRFタグ1を使用する物品・対象物に対して、例えば接着剤やネジ止め等で取り付けられたり、物品・対象物の所定箇所に設置・嵌合されたりして使用される。
本実施形態では、図2~4に示すように、誘電率調整プレート30と蓋部52の互いに対向する面に、それぞれ長手方向中心線に沿った二箇所に、誘電率調整プレート30側に凸部30a,30aが、蓋部52側に穴部52a,52aが形成してある。
これら凸部30aと穴部52aとが係合することにより、誘電率調整プレート30は凹部51a内の所定位置に位置合わせされつつ蓋部52によって保持されることになり、筐体50内に確実かつ堅固に保持・収納されることになる(図4参照)。
本実施形態では、耐候性や耐熱性,耐水性等に優れ、インレイ10の通信特性に合わせ後述する誘電率調整プレート30の形成,加工等も容易であることから、特に耐候AES樹脂又は耐候ポリカーボネート樹脂で、誘電率調整プレート30を含む筐体50を形成するようにしてある。
上述のように、筐体本体51と蓋部52とは、凹部51の開口が蓋部52によって閉止された後、例えば超音波融着等の手段により接合されるようになっている。
このため、筐体本体51と蓋部52とを同一の樹脂材料で形成することにより、融着や接着により接合する場合に、より確実かつ堅固に両者を接合することができるようになる。
但し、筐体本体51と蓋部52とを接合・封止できる限り、両者を別材料で形成することも可能である。
例えば、誘電率調整プレート30は、所定の厚みで形成されるとともに、インレイ10が搭載される搭載面の所定箇所に、誘電率調整プレート30を貫通する一又は二以上の貫通部(貫通孔)を設けることができる。
これによって、使用するインレイ10の種類や通信特性,筐体50や誘電率調整プレート30の材質,RFタグ1を使用する物品・使用環境・使用周波数帯域などの諸条件を考慮して、誘電率調整プレート30に適宜貫通部を形成することで、誘電率調整プレート30のみを選択・交換することで、RFタグ1を異なる物品に使用したり、異なる通信周波数に対応させたりすることが可能となる。
このような誘電率調整プレート30に形成する貫通部の位置や形状,大きさ,数などは、誘電率調整プレート30や筐体50を形成する樹脂材料の種類、インレイ10の通信特性や通信周波数、RFタグ1を使用する物品や使用環境,使用地域などの条件を考慮・勘案して設計・変更することができる。
また、図2に示すように、誘電率調整プレート30は、上述したような貫通部を形成せず、孔等のない完全な板状に形成することもできる。このような誘電率調整プレート30によれば、インレイ10に対して片面側の全面に所定の誘電率を有する誘電率調整層(誘電率調整プレート30)が配置されることになり、これによってインレイ10が良好な通信特性を得られる設計となっている。
従って、貫通部の形成を含む誘電率調整プレート30の設計・調整のし易さや通信特性の安定性等の観点からは、誘電率調整プレート30は、筐体本体51及び蓋部52と同一の樹脂材料により形成することが好ましい。
勿論、RFタグ1としての最適な通信特性が得られる場合には、誘電率調整プレート30と、筐体本体51及び蓋部52とを、別々の樹脂材料で形成することは可能である。
次に、以上のような構成からなる本実施形態に係るRFタグ1の、補助アンテナ20のインレイ10のアンテナ12への具体的な積層パターンについて、図5~7等を参照しつつ後述する。
まず、図5(c)で示したように、本実施形態では、補助アンテナ20が、インレイ10のループ部11a(ループ回路)の一部に重ねて配置されるとともに、インレイ10のアンテナ12の他の部分については広範囲に露出するように、インレイ10の長手方向に沿って配置されることを基本構成としている。
そして、補助アンテナ20の長手方向の長さが通信電波の略1/2波長となるように設定されている。
このような補助アンテナ20によれば、突出部21の上端縁が、インレイ10のループ部11aの下端縁に沿って重ねられるとともに、それ以外の部分では、補助アンテナ20とインレイ10とは重ならないように配設することできる。
これによって、インレイ10のアンテナ12は、ループ部11aの下端縁を除いて、補助アンテナ20が積層されることなく広く露出するようになり、インレイ10のアンテナ12それ自体が、補助アンテナ20とは別個に、RFタグ1のアンテナとして機能することができるようになる。
従って、インレイ10のアンテナ12と補助アンテナ20の2つのアンテナを、それぞれ異なる周波数帯域において無線通信を行わせるアンテナとして使用することが可能となる(図11参照)。
図6(a)~(e)は、それぞれ本発明の一実施形態に係る補助アンテナの形状が異なる例を示す平面図である。
これら図6(a)~(e)に示す補助アンテナ20においても、それぞれ長手方向の長さが全長で通信電波の略1/2波長となるように設定されている。
また、図6(b)に示す補助アンテナ20は、図5で示した補助アンテナ20に対して、突部21の両側に凹形状の切り欠きが備えられている。
このように、補助アンテナ20の中心部近傍に凹部や切り欠きを設けることで、インレイ10のループ部11aに対するインピーダンス整合を調整することができ、インレイ10の特性や通信周波数などに応じて、より適切・最適な補助アンテナ20を実現することができるようになる。
また、図6(d)に示す補助アンテナ20は、図6(c)で示した補助アンテナ20に対して、長手方向と交差する方向(下向き)に延設した両端部20a,20bを、さらに長手方向に沿ってアンテナ中心に向かって延設されるようになっている。
このように、補助アンテナ20の端部を長手方向と交差する方向に延設・曲折形成することで、補助アンテナ20の長手方向の長さを例えば通信電波の略1/2波長に保ちつつ、長手方向に伸びる長さを更に短くすることができ、RFタグ1の全体の長さを短くすることが可能となる。
なお、図6(c),(d)に示すような、補助アンテナ20の長手方向と交差する方向に曲折形成される端部は、補助アンテナ20の少なくともいずれか一方の端部のみをそのように形成することもでき、また、補助アンテナ20の両端部をそのように構成することもできる。
このようにすると、補助アンテナ20の端部20a,20bを裏面側に折り返した場合に、端部20a,20bがインレイ10側に傾斜していることから、折り返し部分が裏面側においてインレイ10側(上側)に斜めに折り返されることになる。このため、折り返し部分が例えば基台となる誘電率調整プレート30の縁部からはみ出すことがなくなり、きれいに折り返すことができるようになる。
なお、この図6(e)に示す補助アンテナ20の傾斜する端部についても、補助アンテナ20の少なくともいずれか一方の端部のみをそのように形成することもでき、また、補助アンテナ20の両端部をそのように構成してもよい。
例えば図7に示すようなインレイ10や補助アンテナ20とすることもできる。
図7(a)~(d)は、それぞれ本発明の一実施形態に係るインレイと補助アンテナの形状及び積層形態が異なる例を示す平面図である。
このように、補助アンテナ20を、インレイ10の長手方向に沿って重ねて積層・配置しても、インレイ10のアンテナ12の露出面積が確保されていれば、インレイ10のアンテナ12を有効に機能させることができるため、本発明に係るRFタグ1の構成として採用することができる。
さらに、以上のようなインレイ10及び補助アンテナ20は、インレイ10の一部をカットして、RFタグ1の更なる小型化と通信特性の調整・向上等を図ることもできる。
図8は、本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグのインレイ及び補助アンテナの長手方向の一端側をカットした場合の平面図であり、(a)はインレイを、(b)は補助アンテナを示している。
また、補助アンテナ20は、インレイ10よりも長い長手方向に沿って直線状に形成されるとともに、インレイ10のループ回路11aの一部が露出する切り欠き部22を備えるようになっている。
そして、カットされたインレイ10に合わせて、補助アンテナ20の一部(長手方向一側)をカットすることができる。
そして、一部をカットして短くなったインレイ10の長さまでRFタグ1の全体の長さを短くすることができるとともに、補助アンテナ20は、長手方向の長さをインレイ10よりも長い所定の長さを確保しつつ、インレイ10よりも長くなる端部の一端又は両端を、裏面側に折り返すことができる。
同図に示すように、基台となる誘電率調整プレート30は、一部をカットしたインレイ10が搭載可能な長さを有しており、かつ、補助アンテナ20の両端又は一端が突出する長さとなっている。従って、誘電率調整プレート30の端部から突出した補助アンテナ20の両端又は一端が、裏面側に折り返されることになる。
一方、図8(d)及び(e)は、補助アンテナ20の長手方向のいずれか一方の端部のみを誘電率調整プレート30から突出させており、この場合には、図8(d)ではインレイ10のループ部11a側に突出する補助アンテナ20の端部が折り返され、図8(e)ではインレイ10のアンテナ12の端部側に突出する補助アンテナ20の端部が折り返されるようになっている。
このようにして、インレイ10及び補助アンテナ20の一部をカットすることで、長手方向の長さをより短くすることができ、RFタグ1の更なる小型化・短尺化を図ることができるようになる。
以上のようなRFタグ1は、インレイ10より長く形成される補助アンテナ20を裏面側に折り返す折り曲げ方向として、図9に示すように、二方向に折り曲げることができる。
まず、図9(a)に示すように、長手方向に沿って直線状に形成された補助アンテナ20は、その両端(又は一端)が、インレイ10(及び誘電率調整プレート30)の端部から突出することになる。
この場合には、補助アンテナ20の端部(両端又は一端)は、図9(a)に示すように、長手方向と交差する方向に沿って折り曲げられて、インレイ10(誘電率調整プレート30)の裏面側に折り返されるようになる。
この場合には、補助アンテナ20の端部(両端又は一端)は、図9(b)に示すように、長手方向に沿って折り曲げられて、インレイ10(誘電率調整プレート30)の裏面側に折り返されるようになる。
このように、補助アンテナ20の折り曲げ方向は、補助アンテナ20の形状やインレイ10(誘電率調整プレート30)からの突出方向などに応じて、適切な方向に折り曲げることができるものである。
次に、以上のような構成からなる本実施形態に係るRFタグ1の通信特性について、図10を参照しつつ説明する。
図10(a),(b),(c)は、それぞれ本発明の一実施形態に係るRFタグの通信特性を示す、通信距離と周波数の関係を示す折れ線グラフである。
まず、図10(a)は、図5,6に示した一部がカットされていないインレイ10及び補助アンテナ20を備えたRFタグ1の通信距離と周波数の関係を示している。
同図に示すように、4つのRFタグ1は、それぞれ、800~820MHz帯において1つ目の通信距離のピーク(約5~9m)が得られるようになっており、これはインレイ10のアンテナ12によるものである。
そして、4つのRFタグ1は、インレイ10のアンテナ12のピークとは別に、それぞれ、860M~960MHz帯・900M~920MHz帯・940M~960MHz帯・960M~980MHz帯において、2つ目の通信距離のピーク(約4m・6~7m・7~8m・8~9m)が得られることがわかる。これは補助アンテナ20によるものである。
これらの図に示すように、インレイ10及び補助アンテナ20の一部をカットしたRFタグ1では、インレイ10・補助アンテナ20のカットする位置やカット後の外形の寸法形状、補助アンテナ20に設ける切り欠き部22の寸法形状に応じて、周波数帯を所定の範囲に調整できることが分かる。
いずれの場合にも、通信距離として2つのピークが得られるようになっており、低い周波数帯域がインレイ10のアンテナ12によるもの、高い周波数帯域が補助アンテナ20によるものとなっている。
また、補助アンテナ20は、長辺(長手方向)の長さを無線通信に使用する電波周波数の波長の略1/2の長さとしつつ、インレイ10の長手方向の長さより大きく(長く)なる補助アンテナ20の端部20a,20bは、少なくとも一方がインレイ10の裏面側に折り曲げられるように構成される。
これによって、インレイ10のアンテナ12と補助アンテナ20の2つのアンテナを機能させることができ、RFタグ1を、インレイ10のアンテナ12と補助アンテナ20とで、それぞれ異なる周波数帯域において良好な通信特性で無線通信を行わせることが可能となる。
従って、RFタグ1の通信特性が影響を受けやすい電気メータや、RFタグ1の通信周波数として使用可能な周波数帯域が異なる国や地域にまたがって使用される貨物用コンテナなどに好適なRFタグを実現することができ、RFタグとしての汎用性や拡張性を格段に向上させることができるようになる。
これにより、例えばそのような国や地域にまたがって運搬・使用等される例えば貨物用コンテナにRFタグ1を使用する場合にも、誘電率調整プレート30のみを交換することにより、筐体50やインレイ10は共通のものを使用しつつ、異なる複数の通信周波数にも対応することが可能となる。
このように、本実施形態のRFタグ1によれば、様々な物品や通信周波数,使用環境等に適合したRFタグ1を提供することができ、RFタグ全体の製造コストを低減することができるとともに、既存の汎用インレイを積極的に使用することができ、タグ全体を安価に構成でき、汎用性、拡張性に優れ、低コストで良好な通信特性が得られる金属対応のRFタグを実現することができる。
例えば、上述した実施形態では、本発明に係るRFタグを使用する物品として、電気メータや貨物用コンテナを例にとって説明したが、本発明のRFタグを使用できる物品,対象物としては、電気メータやコンテナに限定されるものではない。
すなわち、RFタグが使用され、リーダ・ライタを介して所定の情報・データが読み書きされる物品,対象物であれば、どのような物品・対象物であっても本発明に係るRFタグを適用することができる。
10 インレイ
11 ICチップ
11a ループ部
12 アンテナ
13 封止フィルム
20 補助アンテナ
21 突出部
22 切り欠き部
30 誘電率調整プレート
50 筐体
51 筐体本体
52 蓋部
Claims (8)
- ICチップとアンテナを備えたインレイと、
前記インレイに絶縁状態で積層される補助アンテナと、
前記補助アンテナが積層されたインレイを内部に収納する筐体と、を備え、
前記インレイのアンテナが、前記ICチップ近傍にループ回路を形成し、
前記補助アンテナが、前記ループ回路の一部に重ねて配置されるとともに、前記インレイのアンテナの少なくとも一部が露出するように、当該インレイの長手方向に沿って配置されることを特徴とするRFタグ。 - 前記補助アンテナの長手方向の長さが、前記インレイの長手方向の長さより大きく形成されるとともに、
前記補助アンテナの前記インレイよりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、当該補助アンテナが積層される前記インレイの裏面側に折り曲げられる請求項1記載のRFタグ。 - 前記補助アンテナが、前記インレイよりも長い長手方向に沿って直線状に形成されるとともに、前記ループ回路に重ねられる突出部が延設される請求項2記載のRFタグ。
- 前記補助アンテナが、前記インレイよりも長い長手方向に沿って直線状に形成されるとともに、前記ループ回路の一部が露出する切り欠き部を備える請求項2記載のRFタグ。
- 前記補助アンテナの前記インレイよりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、当該補助アンテナの長手方向と交差する方向に延設される請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項記載のRFタグ。
- 前記補助アンテナの前記インレイよりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、当該補助アンテナの長手方向に対して傾斜する方向に延設される請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項記載のRFタグ。
- 前記補助アンテナの長手方向の長さが、
前記インレイの電波周波数の波長の略1/2の長さに形成される請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項記載のRFタグ。 - 前記補助アンテナが積層されたインレイが搭載される基台となるプレートを備え、
前記補助アンテナの前記インレイよりも長い長手方向の端部の少なくとも一方が、当該補助アンテナが積層されたインレイが搭載された前記プレートの裏面側に折り曲げられ、
前記筐体が、前記補助アンテナが積層されたインレイが搭載された前記プレートを内部に収納する請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項記載のRFタグ。
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