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WO2016034649A1 - Method and fastener for connecting vehicle floor panels, floor assembly and vehicle comprising such an assembly - Google Patents

Method and fastener for connecting vehicle floor panels, floor assembly and vehicle comprising such an assembly Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016034649A1
WO2016034649A1 PCT/EP2015/070092 EP2015070092W WO2016034649A1 WO 2016034649 A1 WO2016034649 A1 WO 2016034649A1 EP 2015070092 W EP2015070092 W EP 2015070092W WO 2016034649 A1 WO2016034649 A1 WO 2016034649A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panels
floor
pad
structures
main plane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/070092
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Paul GIAVARINI
Original Assignee
Sogeclair Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sogeclair Sa filed Critical Sogeclair Sa
Publication of WO2016034649A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016034649A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
    • B64C1/18—Floors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flexible connection method of monobloc panels forming a floating floor for a transport vehicle. It also relates to a flexible link for implementing the method, a floor assembly comprising a floating floor - formed monobloc panels connected by such fasteners - and basic vehicle structures on which is mounted the floor floating via the same fasteners, and to a transport vehicle, in particular an aircraft, comprising such an assembly.
  • a transport vehicle floor rests on basic structures positioned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. These basic structures are generally sleepers, beams or boxes constituting the primary frame of the vehicle.
  • a transport vehicle for example an airplane, a train car, a cruise ship, a car, has at least one cabin in which are aligned rows of seats for passengers. These seats are fixed to the floor of the cabin in metal rails which extend generally along the longitudinal axis of the cabin. Other equipment (furniture, freight, containers, etc.) can also be fixed in these rails.
  • the floor is advantageously formed of single-piece panels secured along the fastening rails, themselves assembled to the transverse base structures.
  • the panels are generally made of composite material, while the rails and sleepers are made of metal alloy.
  • each rail 10 has a profile formed of a lower sole 11 and an upper sole 12 connected by at least one vertical core 13 - a single core in the illustrated example - as well as an upper portion 14 having a device fixing 15 seats and other equipment.
  • the lower sole 11 of the rail 10 is secured by bolts 16a, 16b on the transverse structures, such as the cross member 19.
  • one-piece panels 1a, 1b of the floor 1 are fixed by other bolts 17a, 17b to the lateral flanges 12a, 12b presented by the upper flange 11 of the rail 10.
  • Such a floor assembly comprising in connection with monobloc panels, fixing rails and sleepers, is for example presented in the patent document FR 2 891 239.
  • Such assemblies are rigid and do not respond safely to the thermal and / or mechanical stresses of the cabin. Indeed, during these solicitations, the floor and the sleepers have differentiated behaviors due to the inhomogeneous nature of the materials -composites and metallic- used.
  • the invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, while allowing a positive transmission of forces between the floor assembly structures which is then described as "floating", and a positioning tolerance and / or of relative adjustment movements in the plane of the floor.
  • the invention provides for connecting the floor panels to the base structures in a flexible manner via adjustable spaces containing a deformable material that can transmit forces in the plane of the floor.
  • the present invention relates to a flexible bonding method of monobloc panels of composite material forming a floating floor for a transport vehicle in a main plane, consisting of:
  • closed spaces integrating, in spaces formed in closed structures - hereinafter "closed spaces" - connections made of rigid material, an intermediate layer of deformable material along a first axis perpendicular to the main plane so that this deformable material can adapt in compression along said first axis;
  • the closed spaces are limited by walls of supports to be connected to the basic structures, by a top wall made of synthetic material to be bonded to the monobloc panels and by a lower wall made of metallic material to be connected also to the monobloc panels, the upper and lower walls remaining in contact with the support walls;
  • each support defining a closed space can move transversely and / or longitudinally with respect to the intermediate layers connected to the one-piece panels of the floor along axes of the main plane respectively parallel and perpendicular to the edges of these one-piece panels.
  • the invention also relates to a flexible connecting clip of monobloc panels of composite material forming a floating floor in a main plane for a transport vehicle, for implementing the method defined above.
  • This connection fastener comprises at least two housings each consisting of an upper shoe of synthetic material and a lower plate of metal alloy, each housing enclosing an intermediate buffer deformable material compressed between the pad and the wafer.
  • Each housing defines a closed space limited by at least one inner nut coming from the lower wafer and which passes through the intermediate pad and the upper pad in an adjusted manner, by the upper fixing pad of the one-piece panels as well as by the framing faces arranged. transversely and longitudinally at a determined distance from the intermediate buffer.
  • These framing faces form an oversized orifice relative to the intermediate buffer and belong to an upper wall, parallel to the main plane, of a support for connecting the monobloc panels to basic structures of the transport vehicle.
  • This support extends longitudinally in use, perpendicularly to the base structures and edges of monobloc panels juxtaposed to bind, and comprises - in addition to said upper wall - two side walls and a bottom wall adapted to secure it on said basic structures.
  • each nut coming from the lower wafer fits tightly through openings formed in the upper pad and in the intermediate pad so that the nut has an upper face adapted to be flush with an upper face of said pad;
  • each support side wall consists of two lateral extensions of the upper part and the base, these lateral extensions being fixed together with using repositioned means defining a plurality of longitudinal adjustment positions;
  • the synthetic material of the pad is chosen between a teflon, a ceramic and an elastomer, which in this case makes it possible to improve the flexibility along the axis perpendicular to the main plane while reducing the noise and / or vibrations
  • the deformable material of the pad is selected from a rubber, a silicone and a thermoplastic elastomer, and the pad is made of aluminum alloy and / or titanium.
  • the invention also relates to a floor assembly comprising a floating floor -formed monoblock panels connected by the fasteners defined above- and basic structures of a transport vehicle on which is mounted the floating floor via these fasteners.
  • the connecting ties are secured to the one-piece panels and the basic structures by means of securing selected between screwing, riveting, gluing and welding;
  • connection fasteners are secured to the monobloc panels via open ends of equipment fastening rails of the transport vehicle.
  • the qualifiers of the type “vertical” and “horizontal” refer to the directions and plans of elements of the vehicle in standard use, the vehicle being on the ground or in cruise flight stabilized in an orthonormal reference OXYZ (with OZ as vertical axis according to the terrestrial attraction, OX and OY as two orthogonal axes, respectively longitudinal and transversal, defining a horizontal plane or principal XOY).
  • OXYZ with OZ as vertical axis according to the terrestrial attraction, OX and OY as two orthogonal axes, respectively longitudinal and transversal, defining a horizontal plane or principal XOY).
  • the qualifiers of the “upper” and “lower” type refer to an extreme position along the vertical axis OZ of parts of elements parallel to the XOY plane.
  • the terms “lateral” and “transversal” mean in extension, respectively, in a plane perpendicular to the transverse axis OY and to the longitudinal axis OX.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting of a floor on metal sleepers by also metal fastening rails according to the state of the art (already commented);
  • FIGS. 2 and 2a a perspective view of an example of an aircraft cabin floor according to the invention - illustrated partly extending in a main plane XOY - with an enlargement (FIG. 2a) showing an example of connecting clip on a base cross member, the one-piece panel of the foreground ( Figure 2) having been removed;
  • Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the linkage of Figure 2a partially illustrated;
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c an upper view (FIG. 4a) of the connecting clip according to FIG. 3, and sectional views (FIG. 4b and 4c) respectively along the planes B - B and C - C of FIG. 4a;
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b partial views in perspective and in longitudinal section of the connecting clip according to Figure 2a during a preliminary phase of installation of two monobloc panels of the floor;
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b longitudinal sectional views of an example of a floor assembly according to the invention, respectively before and after the exercise of a transverse load, and
  • the floor 2 comprises six one-piece panels 2a to 2f juxtaposed parallel to the longitudinal central axis OX of the aircraft (the denominations "longitudinal axis OX” or “axis OX” also refer to axes parallel to the longitudinal central axis of Figure 2) according to two series of panels.
  • the two series of one-piece panels juxtaposed, 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f, are separated by a longitudinal central aisle 3.
  • Car seat fixing rails (not shown) - two rails 4 in the illustrated example - are mounted longitudinally along the axis OX, under each series of juxtaposed panels.
  • Each rail 4 is constituted by the alignment along the longitudinal axis OX of rail portions 4p mounted under each of the panels 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f.
  • the rails 4 rest on sleepers 5 along the transverse axis OY, these sleepers 5 constituting the primary frame of the aircraft in the illustrated example.
  • the panels 2a to 2f also rest on these crosspieces 5 via tie clips, such as the connecting clip 6 shown in the enlargement of Figure 2a (in which the foreground panel 2a has been removed to reveal the connecting link 6).
  • Each connecting fastener 6 is arranged between two portions of longitudinally aligned rails 4p of two juxtaposed panels of the same series, the panels 2a and 2b in the illustrated example.
  • the connecting clip 6 is perpendicular to the edges 20b of the panels to be coupled (only the edge 20b of the panel 2b is visible in Figure 2a).
  • This connecting tie 6 comprises two housings 7 (only one of the housings is visible in FIG. 2a, the other being hidden by the panel 2b), and a support 8.
  • the support 8 consists of an upper wall 8a and a base 8b, extended by side portions. These extensions, respectively 8c and 8d, are fixed together by fixing means, such as rivets 81.
  • the positioning of the rivets 81 used in the example is adaptable longitudinally to a plurality of aligned openings (see also FIG. 5a), so that that the position of the connecting link 6 is longitudinally adjustable along the longitudinal axis OX.
  • the side walls 8c and 8d form a single wall so that the fastener 6 is fixed.
  • Each housing 7 is secured to a one-piece panel, the panel 2b in the example shown, by two assembly screws (not shown) traversing vertically this panel 2b via two bores 21 made in the panel 2b.
  • this slice 51 has a portion of greater width 5s, adapted to accommodate the bottom wall 8d of the support 8 in all its extent.
  • each housing 7 of the connecting clip 6 consists - in the example shown without the lower part 8b ( Figure 2a) of the support 8 - d ' a vertical stack along the vertical axis OZ (the name "vertical axis OZ" also refers to axes parallel to the axis OZ of Figure 2) of an upper pad 7a here in teflon, an intermediate buffer 7b, in the illustrated example, and a lower plate 7c of titanium alloy in this example.
  • the lower plate 7c has side walls 70 L.
  • Each of the three components 7a to 7c of each housing 7 extends substantially horizontally along the plane XOZ with, for each lower plate 7c, a pair of vertical nuts 71, of substantially square section. These nuts 71 have threaded bores 22 intended to be aligned with the bores 21 of the one-piece panel 2b to secure this panel ( Figure 2a).
  • each intermediate buffer 7b is housed in an orifice 82 of the upper wall 8a of the support 8, the upper pads 7a to cap the upper wall 8a.
  • the orifice 82 has two longitudinal faces 8 L and two transverse faces 8 T. This orifice 82 is oversized relative to the pad 7b so that, once the floor is fixed, the support 8 can move longitudinally and transversely within predetermined limits, as will be detailed below.
  • each upper pad 7a and each intermediate pad 7b have two orifices, respectively 71a and 71b, so that, during assembly of the housing 7, the nuts 71 pass vertically mounting the openings 71a and 71b in an adjusted manner. against the outer casing 71e of the nuts 71.
  • the He height of the nuts 71 is predetermined so that, after assembly of the housing 7, the upper face 71s of the nuts 71 is flush with the upper face 73 of the pad 7a.
  • FIG. 4a shows the two pads 7a arranged on the upper wall 8a of the support 8.
  • Each pad 7a then has a pair of nuts 71 with their bores Al, each of these pairs of nuts being intended to be screwed on. one of the panels of a pair of adjacent monobloc panels, for example the panels 2a and 2b ( Figure 2).
  • Each pad 7a is held in place during the tightening of the screw 74 (see Figure 3).
  • the view of FIG. 4b illustrates, in the transverse sectional plane B - B of the vertical axis Al of a casing nut 71, the stack of the three components - upper pad 7a, intermediate pad 7b and lower plate 7c - in connection with the upper wall 8a of the support 8. More specifically, it appears that this upper wall 8a is interposed between a lower face 75 of the pad 7a and upper faces 76 of the side walls 70 L of the wafer 7c.
  • Each intermediate buffer 7b also disposed between the pad 7a and the plate 7c, is then arranged facing the upper wall 8a of the support 8, in a closed space Ef (only the longitudinal dimension of this space Ef is visible on 4b), limited by the plate 7c, the frame formed by the faces 8L and 8T (see Figure 3) of the orifice 82 (see Figure 3) of the upper wall 8a, and the pad 7a.
  • each closed space Ef is limited by the envelope 71e of the nuts 71 which pass through the intermediate buffer 7b in an adjusted manner.
  • the buffer 7b is then separated from the upper wall 8a by a predetermined deviation ⁇ - of 1 mm in the example - defining a displacement tolerance (see below Figures 6a and 7a).
  • the intermediate rubber buffer 7b has, before mounting the housing 7 by tightening the screw 74 (see Figures 3 or 4c), a maximum thickness slightly greater - a few tenths of a mm - at the height H f closed space Ef measured vertically.
  • This feature allows to exercise - after assembly of the housing 7 by tightening the screw 74 (see Figures 3 or 4c) - a slight vertical compression on the buffer 7b, and thus to obtain a good transmission of forces along the axis vertical OZ.
  • the sectional view along the plane C - C of Figure 4c passes through the vertical axis A2 of the screw 74 (see Figure 4a).
  • the housing of this screw 74 is formed by the stack of holes 74a and 74b and the tapped hole 74c, respectively components 7a to 7c (the upper pad 7a, the intermediate pad 7b and the lower plate 7c).
  • a predetermined difference ⁇ also exists between the intermediate buffer 7b and the upper wall 8a of the support 8, here equal to 1 mm.
  • Figures 5a and 5b illustrate, in partial views in perspective and in cross section, the preliminary phase of installation of the one-piece panels 2a and 2b with the connecting clip 6.
  • the connecting clip 6 is shown with the base 8b of the support 8, fixed on the edge 51 of the crossbar 5.
  • the connecting clip 6 is then disposed generally perpendicular to the edge 20b of the one-piece panel 2b ( Figure 5a).
  • a bracket 52 is also provided to support the lower part 8b against the vertical face 53 of the crossbar 5.
  • two positioning pins 9a, 9b of suitable diameter are inserted in two of the nuts 71 of the housings 7.
  • a bore 21 of the one-piece panel 2b to be installed is then threaded (arrow Fl) on the counter 9b corresponding positioning.
  • the pin 9b is then removed so that an assembly screw (not shown) is housed tightly in the thus aligned bores 21 and 22 respectively of the one-piece panel 2b and the nut 71 ( Figure 5b).
  • the installation and fixing of the panel 2a are conducted in a similar manner with the positioning pin 9a, so that the edges 20b of the one-piece panels 2a and 2b are facing each other.
  • sectional views of an example of a floor assembly of the invention of Figures 6a and 6b - according to a longitudinal section plane XOZ passing through a rail 4 - illustrate the position of the supports 8 along the axis OX , respectively before and after the exercise of the longitudinal load F x .
  • the longitudinal oversizing of the orifices 82 induces the presence of adjustable spaces El, E2 between the transverse faces 8 T of the orifices 82 and the transverse faces facing 7 T intermediate buffers 7b.
  • the adjustable spaces El, E2 are subspaces of the closed spaces Ef (see Figure 4b or 4c).
  • the difference ⁇ between the transverse faces 8 T and 7 T is 1 mm.
  • the adjustable spaces El, E2 thus provide a longitudinal positioning tolerance of the supports 8 and also allow to absorb the differences in thermal expansion exerted longitudinally between the floor panels, here the panels 2a and 2b, and the primary frame without generating stress.
  • the exercise of the load F x ( Figure 6b) causes the displacement of the housing 7 along the axis OX (in a sliding plane 100g) and the contact between the supports 8 and the buffers 7b.
  • the displacement is the maximum tolerated, ie 1 mm.
  • This contact eliminates two adjustable spaces El ( Figure 6a) because of the application direction of the load F x , and doubles the volume of the other two adjustable spaces E2 (corresponding in the example to 2 mm d difference between the faces 8 T and 7 T ).
  • One direction of reverse load application will cause the volume doubling of the adjustable spaces El ( Figure 6a) and the removal of the other adjustable spaces E2.
  • FIG. 7a and 7b of the previous floor assembly example illustrate, according to the cross sectional plane B - B of Figure 4b, the position of the supports 8 along the transverse axis OY respectively before and after the exercise of a transverse load F Y.
  • the base 8b of the support 8 is fixed on the crossmember 5 by bolts 80.
  • the seat fixing rail 4 - which appears in the background - is made of composite material and is extended in the foreground by its two wings 4 L on each side of the connecting clip 6, as well as an upper wall 4a integrated in the one-piece panel 2a.
  • the bottom wall 4b of the rail 4 is not extended at the location of the connecting clip 6 to make an open end, and thus allow the establishment of this fastener.
  • the rail 4 is in metal alloy and its upper wall 4a is not integrated with the one-piece panel 2a.
  • the transverse oversizing of the orifices 82 (see FIG. 3) of the upper wall 8a of the support 8 induces the presence of two adjustable spaces E3, E4 - subspaces of the closed spaces Ef (cf. Figure 4b) between the longitudinal faces 8 L of the orifices 82 (see Figure 3) formed in the upper walls 8a and the longitudinal faces facing 7 L of the buffers 7b.
  • the difference ⁇ between these longitudinal faces 8 L and 7 L is 1mm.
  • the spaces E3 and E4 provide a transverse positioning tolerance of the supports 8 and also allow to absorb the differences in thermal expansion exerted transversely between the panels of the floor, here the panel 2a, and the primary frame without generating stress .
  • the exercise of the load F Y ( Figure 7b) causes the displacement of the housing 7 along the transverse axis OY (always in the sliding plane 100g) and the contact between the supports 8 and the buffers 7b.
  • the space E3 then doubles in volume (corresponding here to 2 mm difference between the faces 8 L and 7 L ), and the space E4 (Figure 7a) is removed because of the direction of application of the load F Y.
  • One direction of reverse load application will have the opposite effect: doubling the volume of the adjustable space E4 (figure 7a) and removing the adjustable space E3.
  • the number of nuts per housing is at least one and can be equal to three or four or more.
  • the number of bores in each monobloc panel and fixing screws per panel can be deduced directly.
  • the number of cases per connection tie can be increased from two, a case by fastener, depending on the one-piece panels to be fixed, for example according to their size.
  • the fixing boxes can also intervene in full monobloc panel and not only straddling two adjacent monobloc panels.
  • the rails for fixing the seats can be interrupted at the connecting ties, and then extended by integrated portions of the corresponding panels, or uninterrupted with removal of the lower part 4b (see Figures 7a or 7b) of the rail 4 to position the connecting clips.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The invention seeks to allow positive transmission of load between the assembly structures of a transport vehicle floor (2) and tolerance on positioning and/or on relative-adjustment movements in the plane of this floor (2). In order to achieve that, the invention plans for monoblock panels (2b) of the floor (2), made of composite material, to be connected to the metallic base structures (5) by connecting fasteners (6) able to transmit load in the plane of the floor (2). Each connecting fastener comprises two housings (7) through which there passes a nut (71) for securing to the monoblock panels (2b), and a support (8) adjustable in the plane of the floor (2) with respect to the housings (7) to be connected to the panels (2b). During installation, positioning pins (9a, 9b) are inserted in the nuts (71) then into the hole (21) in the panel (2b) that is to be fixed.

Description

PROCÉDÉ ET ATTACHE DE LIAISON DE PANNEAUX D'UN PLANCHER DE VÉHICULE, ASSEMBLAGE DE PLANCHER ET VÉHICULE  METHOD AND ATTACHMENT FOR CONNECTING PANELS TO A VEHICLE FLOOR, FLOOR ASSEMBLY AND VEHICLE
COMPORTANT UN TEL ASSEMBLAGE  COMPRISING SUCH ASSEMBLY
DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE TECHNICAL AREA
[0001]L' invention se rapporte à un procédé de liaison souple des panneaux monoblocs formant un plancher flottant pour un véhicule de transport. Elle se rapporte également à une attache de liaison souple de mise en œuvre du procédé, à un assemblage de plancher comportant un plancher flottant - formé des panneaux monoblocs liés par de telles attaches- et des structures de base de véhicule sur lesquelles est monté le plancher flottant via les mêmes attaches, ainsi qu'à un véhicule de transport, en particulier un aéronef, comportant un tel assemblage.  The invention relates to a flexible connection method of monobloc panels forming a floating floor for a transport vehicle. It also relates to a flexible link for implementing the method, a floor assembly comprising a floating floor - formed monobloc panels connected by such fasteners - and basic vehicle structures on which is mounted the floor floating via the same fasteners, and to a transport vehicle, in particular an aircraft, comprising such an assembly.
[0002]Un plancher de véhicule de transport repose sur des structures de base positionnées transversalement à l'axe longitudinal du véhicule. Ces structures de base sont en général des traverses, des poutres ou des caissons constitutifs de l'ossature primaire du véhicule.  A transport vehicle floor rests on basic structures positioned transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. These basic structures are generally sleepers, beams or boxes constituting the primary frame of the vehicle.
[0003]Un véhicule de transport, par exemple un avion, un wagon de train, un bateau de croisière, une voiture automobile, comporte au moins une cabine dans laquelle sont alignées des rangées de sièges pour les passagers. Ces sièges sont fixés au plancher de la cabine dans des rails métalliques qui s'étendent en général selon l'axe longitudinal de la cabine. D'autres équipements (meubles, fret, conteneurs, etc.) peuvent également être fixés dans ces rails . A transport vehicle, for example an airplane, a train car, a cruise ship, a car, has at least one cabin in which are aligned rows of seats for passengers. These seats are fixed to the floor of the cabin in metal rails which extend generally along the longitudinal axis of the cabin. Other equipment (furniture, freight, containers, etc.) can also be fixed in these rails.
[0004]Le plancher est avantageusement formé de panneaux monoblocs solidarisés le long des rails de fixation, eux- mêmes assemblés aux structures de base transversales. Les panneaux sont généralement constitués en matériau composite, alors que les rails et les traverses sont en alliage métallique .  The floor is advantageously formed of single-piece panels secured along the fastening rails, themselves assembled to the transverse base structures. The panels are generally made of composite material, while the rails and sleepers are made of metal alloy.
ÉTAT DE LA TECHNIQUE STATE OF THE ART
[0005]Classiquement, comme illustré par la vue en coupe transversale de la figure 1, le montage d'un plancher 1 sur des structures transversales d'avion est réalisé par des rails. Chaque rail 10 présente un profilé formé d'une semelle inférieure 11 et d'une semelle supérieure 12 reliées par au moins une âme verticale 13 - une seule âme dans l'exemple illustré - ainsi que d'une partie supérieure 14 présentant un dispositif de fixation 15 des sièges et autres équipements.  Conventionally, as illustrated by the cross-sectional view of Figure 1, the mounting of a floor 1 on transverse structures of aircraft is made by rails. Each rail 10 has a profile formed of a lower sole 11 and an upper sole 12 connected by at least one vertical core 13 - a single core in the illustrated example - as well as an upper portion 14 having a device fixing 15 seats and other equipment.
[0006]La semelle inférieure 11 du rail 10 est solidarisée par des boulons 16a, 16b sur les structures transversales, telle que la traverse 19. De plus, des panneaux monoblocs la, lb du plancher 1 sont fixés par d'autres boulons 17a, 17b aux brides latérales 12a, 12b présentées par la semelle supérieure 11 du rail 10.  The lower sole 11 of the rail 10 is secured by bolts 16a, 16b on the transverse structures, such as the cross member 19. In addition, one-piece panels 1a, 1b of the floor 1 are fixed by other bolts 17a, 17b to the lateral flanges 12a, 12b presented by the upper flange 11 of the rail 10.
[0007]Un tel assemblage de plancher comportant en liaison des panneaux monoblocs, des rails de fixation et des traverses, est par exemple présenté dans le document de brevet FR 2 891 239.  Such a floor assembly comprising in connection with monobloc panels, fixing rails and sleepers, is for example presented in the patent document FR 2 891 239.
[0008]De tels assemblages sont rigides et ne permettent pas de répondre sans risque aux sollicitations thermique et/ou mécanique de la cabine. En effet, lors de ces sollicitations, le plancher et les traverses ont des comportements différentiés du fait de la nature inhomogène des matériaux -composites et métalliques- utilisés. Such assemblies are rigid and do not respond safely to the thermal and / or mechanical stresses of the cabin. Indeed, during these solicitations, the floor and the sleepers have differentiated behaviors due to the inhomogeneous nature of the materials -composites and metallic- used.
[0009] Il pourrait être envisagé de conserver un jeu entre les structures d'assemblage du plancher -panneaux monoblocs, rails et traverses- par un serrage approprié des boulons de fixation, afin d'absorber verticalement et horizontalement lesdites sollicitations, ainsi que les faibles décalages de positionnement entre ces structures.  It could be envisaged to maintain a clearance between the floor assembly structures - monobloc panels, rails and sleepers - by a suitable clamping of the fixing bolts, in order to absorb vertically and horizontally said stresses, as well as the weak positioning offsets between these structures.
[0010] Cependant une telle approche ne permet pas de garantir une tenue suffisante de l'assemblage hétérogène: les dilatations et les raideurs différentielles des structures d'assemblage induisent des contraintes élevées en fonction des gradients de température et de charge. La présence d'un jeu dans les boulons risque alors de dégrader fortement les zones de contact.  However, such an approach does not guarantee a sufficient holding of the heterogeneous assembly: the differential expansion and stiffness of the assembly structures induce high stresses as a function of the temperature and load gradients. The presence of a game in the bolts may then severely degrade the contact areas.
[0011]Par ailleurs, d'autres structures de plancher dit « flottant » utilisent des blocs élastiques ou « silent blocks » en terminologie anglaise, comme décrit dans le document de brevet US 6 219 983. De tels blocs permettent d' amortir les vibrations dans une cabine comme un wagon de chemin de fer dans le document cité. Ces blocs en matériau élastique, plastique ou caoutchouc, ne permettent pas la transmission de contraintes importantes. Ils sont utilisés en compression et uniquement destinées à absorber les vibrations.  Furthermore, other floor structures called "floating" use elastic blocks or "silent blocks" in English terminology, as described in US patent document 6 219 983. Such blocks allow to dampen the vibrations in a cabin like a railway car in the cited document. These blocks of elastic material, plastic or rubber, do not allow the transmission of important constraints. They are used in compression and only intended to absorb vibrations.
[0012]De manière générale, il est également bien connu de réaliser une architecture d'assemblage surdimensionnée afin d'absorber de telles contraintes. Mais un tel surdimensionnement présente un coût économique substantiel et augmente sensiblement le poids de l'assemblage.  In general, it is also well known to provide an oversized assembly architecture to absorb such constraints. But such oversizing has a substantial economic cost and significantly increases the weight of the assembly.
EXPOSÉ DE L' INVENTION [0013] L' invention vise à s'affranchir de ces inconvénients, tout en permettant une transmission positive des efforts entre les structures d'assemblage du plancher qui est alors qualifié de « flottant », ainsi qu'une tolérance de positionnement et/ou de mouvements d'ajustage relatif dans le plan du plancher. STATEMENT OF THE INVENTION The invention aims to overcome these disadvantages, while allowing a positive transmission of forces between the floor assembly structures which is then described as "floating", and a positioning tolerance and / or of relative adjustment movements in the plane of the floor.
[0014]Pour ce faire, l'invention prévoit de lier les panneaux du plancher aux structures de base de manière souple via des espaces ajustables contenant un matériau déformable pouvant transmettre des efforts dans le plan du plancher.  To do this, the invention provides for connecting the floor panels to the base structures in a flexible manner via adjustable spaces containing a deformable material that can transmit forces in the plane of the floor.
[0015]Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet un procédé de liaison souple de panneaux monoblocs en matériau composite formant un plancher flottant pour un véhicule de transport dans un plan principal, consistant à:  More specifically, the present invention relates to a flexible bonding method of monobloc panels of composite material forming a floating floor for a transport vehicle in a main plane, consisting of:
- intégrer, dans des espaces formés dans des structures fermées - ci-après « espaces fermés » - de connexions en matériau rigide, une couche intermédiaire en matériau déformable selon un premier axe perpendiculaire au plan principal de sorte que ce matériau déformable puisse s'adapter en compression selon ledit premier axe;  integrating, in spaces formed in closed structures - hereinafter "closed spaces" - connections made of rigid material, an intermediate layer of deformable material along a first axis perpendicular to the main plane so that this deformable material can adapt in compression along said first axis;
- régler de manière équilibrée la position de chaque couche intermédiaire dans les espaces fermés de sorte à créer des espaces ajustables dans les espaces fermés surdimensionnés par rapport aux couches intermédiaires dans deux axes perpendiculaires du plan principal; et  - balance the position of each intermediate layer in the closed spaces so as to create adjustable spaces in the oversized closed spaces relative to the intermediate layers in two perpendicular axes of the main plane; and
- lier les panneaux monoblocs à des structures de base en matériau métallique via lesdites connexions de sorte que les espaces de structure fermée liés aux structures de base puissent se déplacer par rapport aux couches intermédiaires liées aux panneaux monoblocs par une adaptation des espaces ajustables avec une tolérance déterminée selon les deux axes perpendiculaires du plan principal tout en transmettant les efforts exercés selon lesdits deux axes. bonding the one-piece panels to metal base structures via said connections so that the closed structure spaces connected to the base structures can move relative to the intermediate layers related to the one-piece panels by adapting the adjustable spaces with a tolerance determined along the two perpendicular axes of the plane principal while transmitting the forces exerted along said two axes.
[0016]Dans ces conditions, des contraintes de charge ou des dilatations thermiques des matériaux utilisés sont transmises dans le plan principal du plancher sans que des torsions ou des pressions n'existent entre les panneaux du plancher et les structures de base.  Under these conditions, load stresses or thermal expansion of the materials used are transmitted in the main plane of the floor without twists or pressures exist between the floor panels and the basic structures.
[0017] Selon des formes de mise en œuvre avantageuses : According to advantageous embodiments:
- les espaces fermés sont limités par des parois de supports à lier aux structures de base, par une paroi supérieure en matériau synthétique à lier aux panneaux monoblocs et par une paroi inférieure en matériau métallique à lier également aux panneaux monoblocs, les parois supérieures et inférieure restant en contact avec les parois de supports; - the closed spaces are limited by walls of supports to be connected to the basic structures, by a top wall made of synthetic material to be bonded to the monobloc panels and by a lower wall made of metallic material to be connected also to the monobloc panels, the upper and lower walls remaining in contact with the support walls;
le réglage de position des connexions est effectué initialement et par maintenance à l'aide de pions de positionnement;  the position adjustment of the connections is made initially and by maintenance using positioning pins;
- chaque support définissant un espace fermé peut se déplacer transversalement et/ou longitudinalement par rapport aux couches intermédiaires liées aux panneaux monoblocs du plancher selon des axes du plan principal respectivement parallèle et perpendiculaire aux bords de ces panneaux monoblocs .  each support defining a closed space can move transversely and / or longitudinally with respect to the intermediate layers connected to the one-piece panels of the floor along axes of the main plane respectively parallel and perpendicular to the edges of these one-piece panels.
[0018] L' invention se rapporte également à une attache de liaison souple de panneaux monoblocs en matériau composite formant un plancher flottant dans un plan principal pour un véhicule de transport, destinée à la mise en œuvre du procédé défini ci-dessus. Cette attache de liaison comporte au moins deux boîtiers composés chacun d'un patin supérieur en matériau synthétique et d'une plaquette inférieure en alliage métallique, chaque boîtier enfermant un tampon intermédiaire en matériau déformable comprimé entre le patin et la plaquette. Chaque boîtier définit un espace fermé limité par au moins un écrou interne provenant de la plaquette inférieure et qui traverse le tampon intermédiaire et le patin supérieur de manière ajustée, par le patin supérieur de solidarisation des panneaux monoblocs ainsi que par des faces d'encadrement disposées transversalement et longitudinalement à distance déterminée du tampon intermédiaire. Ces faces d'encadrement forment un orifice surdimensionné par rapport au tampon intermédiaire et appartiennent à une paroi supérieure, parallèle au plan principal, d'un support destiné à lier les panneaux monoblocs à des structures de base du véhicule de transport. Ce support s'étend longitudinalement en utilisation, perpendiculairement aux structures de base et à des bords des panneaux monoblocs juxtaposés à lier, et comporte - outre ladite paroi supérieure - deux parois latérales et une paroi inférieure apte à le solidariser sur lesdites structures de base. The invention also relates to a flexible connecting clip of monobloc panels of composite material forming a floating floor in a main plane for a transport vehicle, for implementing the method defined above. This connection fastener comprises at least two housings each consisting of an upper shoe of synthetic material and a lower plate of metal alloy, each housing enclosing an intermediate buffer deformable material compressed between the pad and the wafer. Each housing defines a closed space limited by at least one inner nut coming from the lower wafer and which passes through the intermediate pad and the upper pad in an adjusted manner, by the upper fixing pad of the one-piece panels as well as by the framing faces arranged. transversely and longitudinally at a determined distance from the intermediate buffer. These framing faces form an oversized orifice relative to the intermediate buffer and belong to an upper wall, parallel to the main plane, of a support for connecting the monobloc panels to basic structures of the transport vehicle. This support extends longitudinally in use, perpendicularly to the base structures and edges of monobloc panels juxtaposed to bind, and comprises - in addition to said upper wall - two side walls and a bottom wall adapted to secure it on said basic structures.
[0019]Selon des modes de réalisation préférés :  According to preferred embodiments:
- chaque écrou issu de la plaquette inférieure traverse de manière ajustée des ouvertures formées dans le patin supérieur et dans le tampon intermédiaire de sorte que 1' écrou présente une face supérieure apte à affleurer une face supérieure dudit patin;  each nut coming from the lower wafer fits tightly through openings formed in the upper pad and in the intermediate pad so that the nut has an upper face adapted to be flush with an upper face of said pad;
- lorsque le nombre d' écrous est au moins égal à deux, la plaquette inférieure, le tampon intermédiaire et le patin supérieur sont solidarisés par une fixation formée entre les écrous ;  - When the number of nuts is at least two, the lower plate, the intermediate pad and the upper pad are secured by a fastener formed between the nuts;
chaque paroi latérale de support se compose de deux prolongements latéraux de la partie supérieure et de l'embase, ces prolongements latéraux étant fixés ensemble à l'aide de moyens repositionnâmes définissant plusieurs positions de réglage longitudinale; each support side wall consists of two lateral extensions of the upper part and the base, these lateral extensions being fixed together with using repositioned means defining a plurality of longitudinal adjustment positions;
- le matériau synthétique du patin est choisi entre un téflon, une céramique et un élastomère -ce qui permet dans ce dernier cas d'améliorer la souplesse selon l'axe perpendiculaire au plan principal tout en réduisant les bruits et/ou les vibrations-, le matériau déformable du tampon est choisi entre un caoutchouc, un silicone et un élastomère thermoplastique, et la plaquette est en alliage d'aluminium et/ou de titane.  the synthetic material of the pad is chosen between a teflon, a ceramic and an elastomer, which in this case makes it possible to improve the flexibility along the axis perpendicular to the main plane while reducing the noise and / or vibrations, the deformable material of the pad is selected from a rubber, a silicone and a thermoplastic elastomer, and the pad is made of aluminum alloy and / or titanium.
[0020] L' invention concerne également un assemblage de plancher comportant un plancher flottant -formé de panneaux monoblocs liés par les attaches définies ci-dessus- et des structures de base d'un véhicule de transport sur lesquelles est monté le plancher flottant via ces attaches.  The invention also relates to a floor assembly comprising a floating floor -formed monoblock panels connected by the fasteners defined above- and basic structures of a transport vehicle on which is mounted the floating floor via these fasteners.
[0021]Selon des caractéristiques avantageuses:  According to advantageous characteristics:
- les attaches de liaison sont solidarisées aux panneaux monoblocs et aux structures de base par des moyens de solidarisation choisis entre vissage, rivetage, collage et soudage;  the connecting ties are secured to the one-piece panels and the basic structures by means of securing selected between screwing, riveting, gluing and welding;
- les attaches de liaison sont solidarisées aux panneaux monoblocs via des extrémités ouvertes de rails de fixation d'équipements du véhicule de transport.  - The connection fasteners are secured to the monobloc panels via open ends of equipment fastening rails of the transport vehicle.
[0022] Dans le présent texte, les qualificatifs du type « vertical » et « horizontal » se rapportent aux directions et plans d'éléments du véhicule en utilisation standard, le véhicule étant au sol ou en vol de croisière stabilisée dans un repère orthonormé OXYZ (avec OZ comme axe vertical selon l'attraction terrestre, OX et OY comme deux axes orthogonaux, respectivement longitudinal et transversal, définissant un plan horizontal ou principal XOY) . [0023] Les qualificatifs du type « supérieur » et « inférieur » se rapportent à un positionnement extrême selon l'axe vertical OZ de parties d'éléments parallèles au plan XOY . Les qualificatifs « latéral » et « transversal » signifient en extension, respectivement, dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe transversal OY et à l'axe longitudinal OX. In the present text, the qualifiers of the type "vertical" and "horizontal" refer to the directions and plans of elements of the vehicle in standard use, the vehicle being on the ground or in cruise flight stabilized in an orthonormal reference OXYZ (with OZ as vertical axis according to the terrestrial attraction, OX and OY as two orthogonal axes, respectively longitudinal and transversal, defining a horizontal plane or principal XOY). The qualifiers of the "upper" and "lower" type refer to an extreme position along the vertical axis OZ of parts of elements parallel to the XOY plane. The terms "lateral" and "transversal" mean in extension, respectively, in a plane perpendicular to the transverse axis OY and to the longitudinal axis OX.
PRÉSENTATION DES FIGURES PRESENTATION OF FIGURES
[0024] D'autres données, caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description non limitée qui suit, en référence aux figures annexées qui représentent, respectivement :  Other data, features and advantages of the present invention will appear on reading the following nonlimited description, with reference to the appended figures which represent, respectively:
la figure 1, une vue en coupe transversale du montage d'un plancher sur des traverses métalliques par des rails de fixation également métalliques selon l'état de la technique (déjà commentée);  Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the mounting of a floor on metal sleepers by also metal fastening rails according to the state of the art (already commented);
les figures 2 et 2a, une vue perspective d'un exemple de plancher de cabine d'avion selon l'invention - illustré en partie s' étendant dans un plan principal XOY - avec un agrandissement (figure 2a) faisant apparaître un exemple d'attache de liaison sur une traverse de base, le panneau monobloc du premier plan (figure 2) ayant été retiré;  FIGS. 2 and 2a, a perspective view of an example of an aircraft cabin floor according to the invention - illustrated partly extending in a main plane XOY - with an enlargement (FIG. 2a) showing an example of connecting clip on a base cross member, the one-piece panel of the foreground (Figure 2) having been removed;
la figure 3, une vue en perspective éclatée de l'attache de liaison de la figure 2a illustrée partiellement;  Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the linkage of Figure 2a partially illustrated;
- les figures 4a à 4c, une vue supérieure (figure 4a) de l'attache de liaison selon la figure 3, et des vues en coupe (figure 4b et 4c) respectivement selon les plans B - B et C - C de la figure 4a;  FIGS. 4a to 4c, an upper view (FIG. 4a) of the connecting clip according to FIG. 3, and sectional views (FIG. 4b and 4c) respectively along the planes B - B and C - C of FIG. 4a;
les figures 5a et 5b, des vues partielles en perspective et en coupe longitudinale de l'attache de liaison selon la figure 2a lors d'une phase préliminaire d'installation de deux panneaux monoblocs du plancher; FIGS. 5a and 5b, partial views in perspective and in longitudinal section of the connecting clip according to Figure 2a during a preliminary phase of installation of two monobloc panels of the floor;
les figures 6a et 6b, des vues en coupe longitudinale d'un exemple d'assemblage de plancher conforme à l'invention, respectivement avant et après l'exercice d'une charge transversale, et  FIGS. 6a and 6b, longitudinal sectional views of an example of a floor assembly according to the invention, respectively before and after the exercise of a transverse load, and
- les figures 7a et 7b, des vues en coupe transversale de l'exemple d'assemblage de plancher selon les figures 6a et 6b, respectivement avant et après l'exercice d'une charge longitudinale.  - Figures 7a and 7b, cross-sectional views of the floor assembly example of Figures 6a and 6b, respectively before and after the exercise of a longitudinal load.
DESCRIPTION DÉTAILLÉE DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025]Dans cette description, des signes de référence identiques désignent des éléments identiques ayant une même fonction. Les mêmes signes de référence de différentes figures se rapportent aux éléments définis dans le passage de la description correspondant.  In this description, identical reference signs designate identical elements having the same function. The same reference signs of different figures refer to the elements defined in the passage of the corresponding description.
[0026]En référence à la vue perspective de la figure 2, un exemple de plancher 2 de cabine d'avion selon l'invention, tel que représenté en partie, s'étend dans le plan horizontal XOY . Sur la figure 2, le plancher 2 comporte six panneaux monoblocs 2a à 2f juxtaposés parallèlement à l'axe central longitudinal OX de l'avion (les dénominations « axe longitudinal OX » ou « axe OX » renvoient également à des axes parallèles à l'axe central longitudinal de la figure 2) selon deux séries de panneaux.  Referring to the perspective view of Figure 2, an example of floor 2 of the aircraft cabin according to the invention, as shown in part, extends in the horizontal plane XOY. In FIG. 2, the floor 2 comprises six one-piece panels 2a to 2f juxtaposed parallel to the longitudinal central axis OX of the aircraft (the denominations "longitudinal axis OX" or "axis OX" also refer to axes parallel to the longitudinal central axis of Figure 2) according to two series of panels.
[0027]Les deux séries de panneaux monoblocs juxtaposés, 2a à 2c et 2d à 2f, sont séparées par une allée centrale longitudinale 3. Des rails de fixation de sièges de cabine (non représentés) - deux rails 4 dans l'exemple illustré - sont montés longitudinalement selon l'axe OX, sous chacune des séries de panneaux juxtaposés. Chaque rail 4 est constitué par l'alignement selon l'axe longitudinal OX de portions de rail 4p montées sous chacun des panneaux 2a à 2c et 2d à 2f. The two series of one-piece panels juxtaposed, 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f, are separated by a longitudinal central aisle 3. Car seat fixing rails (not shown) - two rails 4 in the illustrated example - are mounted longitudinally along the axis OX, under each series of juxtaposed panels. Each rail 4 is constituted by the alignment along the longitudinal axis OX of rail portions 4p mounted under each of the panels 2a to 2c and 2d to 2f.
[0028]De plus, les rails 4 reposent sur des traverses 5 selon l'axe transversal OY, ces traverses 5 constituant l'ossature primaire de l'avion dans l'exemple illustré. Les panneaux 2a à 2f reposent également sur ces traverses 5 via des attaches de liaison, telle que l'attache de liaison 6 illustrée sur l'agrandissement de la figure 2a (dans lequel le panneau de premier plan 2a a été retiré pour laisser apparaître l'attache de liaison 6) .  In addition, the rails 4 rest on sleepers 5 along the transverse axis OY, these sleepers 5 constituting the primary frame of the aircraft in the illustrated example. The panels 2a to 2f also rest on these crosspieces 5 via tie clips, such as the connecting clip 6 shown in the enlargement of Figure 2a (in which the foreground panel 2a has been removed to reveal the connecting link 6).
[0029] Chaque attache de liaison 6 est agencée entre deux portions de rails longitudinalement alignées 4p de deux panneaux juxtaposés d'une même série, les panneaux 2a et 2b dans l'exemple illustré. L'attache de liaison 6 est perpendiculaire aux bords 20b des panneaux à coupler (seul le bord 20b du panneau 2b est visible sur la figure 2a) . Cette attache de liaison 6 comporte deux boîtiers 7 (un seul des boîtier est visible sur la figure 2a, l'autre étant masqué par le panneau 2b), et un support 8.  Each connecting fastener 6 is arranged between two portions of longitudinally aligned rails 4p of two juxtaposed panels of the same series, the panels 2a and 2b in the illustrated example. The connecting clip 6 is perpendicular to the edges 20b of the panels to be coupled (only the edge 20b of the panel 2b is visible in Figure 2a). This connecting tie 6 comprises two housings 7 (only one of the housings is visible in FIG. 2a, the other being hidden by the panel 2b), and a support 8.
[0030]Le support 8 est constitué d'une paroi supérieure 8a et d'une embase 8b, prolongées par des parties latérales. Ces prolongements, respectivement 8c et 8d, sont fixés ensemble par des moyens de fixation, tels que des rivets 81. Le positionnement des rivets 81 utilisés dans l'exemple est adaptable longitudinalement sur plusieurs ouvertures alignées (cf. également figure 5a), de sorte que la position de l'attache de liaison 6 est longitudinalement réglable selon l'axe longitudinal OX. Alternativement, les parois latérales 8c et 8d forment une seule paroi de sorte que l'attache 6 est fixe. [0031]Chaque boîtier 7 est solidarisé à un panneau monobloc, le panneau 2b sur l'exemple illustré, par deux vis d'assemblage (non représentées) traversant verticalement ce panneau 2b via deux alésages 21 pratiqués dans le panneau 2b. The support 8 consists of an upper wall 8a and a base 8b, extended by side portions. These extensions, respectively 8c and 8d, are fixed together by fixing means, such as rivets 81. The positioning of the rivets 81 used in the example is adaptable longitudinally to a plurality of aligned openings (see also FIG. 5a), so that that the position of the connecting link 6 is longitudinally adjustable along the longitudinal axis OX. Alternatively, the side walls 8c and 8d form a single wall so that the fastener 6 is fixed. Each housing 7 is secured to a one-piece panel, the panel 2b in the example shown, by two assembly screws (not shown) traversing vertically this panel 2b via two bores 21 made in the panel 2b.
[0032]De plus, l'attache de liaison 6 est fixée sur la tranche supérieure horizontale 51 de la traverse 5 par la partie inférieure 8b. Avantageusement cette tranche 51 présente une portion de largeur supérieure 5s, adaptée pour accueillir la paroi inférieure 8d du support 8 dans toute son étendue.  In addition, the connecting clip 6 is fixed on the upper horizontal edge 51 of the cross member 5 by the lower portion 8b. Advantageously this slice 51 has a portion of greater width 5s, adapted to accommodate the bottom wall 8d of the support 8 in all its extent.
[0033]En référence à la vue en perspective partiellement éclatée de la figure 3, chaque boîtier 7 de l'attache de liaison 6 se compose - dans l'exemple illustré sans la partie inférieure 8b (figure 2a) du support 8 - d'un empilement vertical selon l'axe verticale OZ (la dénomination « axe vertical OZ » renvoie également à des axes parallèles à l'axe OZ de la figure 2) d'un patin supérieur 7a ici en téflon, d'un tampon intermédiaire 7b, en caoutchouc dans l'exemple illustré, et d'une plaquette inférieure 7c en alliage de titane dans cet exemple. La plaquette inférieure 7c présente des parois latérales 70L. Referring to the partially exploded perspective view of Figure 3, each housing 7 of the connecting clip 6 consists - in the example shown without the lower part 8b (Figure 2a) of the support 8 - d ' a vertical stack along the vertical axis OZ (the name "vertical axis OZ" also refers to axes parallel to the axis OZ of Figure 2) of an upper pad 7a here in teflon, an intermediate buffer 7b, in the illustrated example, and a lower plate 7c of titanium alloy in this example. The lower plate 7c has side walls 70 L.
[0034]Chacun des trois composants 7a à 7c de chaque boîtier 7 s'étend sensiblement horizontalement selon le plan XOZ avec, pour chaque plaquette inférieure 7c, un couple d' écrous verticaux 71, de section sensiblement carrée. Ces écrous 71 ont des alésages taraudés 22 destinés à être alignés avec les alésages 21 du panneau monobloc 2b pour solidariser ce panneau (figure 2a) .  Each of the three components 7a to 7c of each housing 7 extends substantially horizontally along the plane XOZ with, for each lower plate 7c, a pair of vertical nuts 71, of substantially square section. These nuts 71 have threaded bores 22 intended to be aligned with the bores 21 of the one-piece panel 2b to secure this panel (Figure 2a).
[0035]Lors du montage du boîtier 7, chaque tampon intermédiaire 7b est logé dans un orifice 82 de la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8, les patins supérieurs 7a venant coiffer la paroi supérieure 8a. L'orifice 82 présente deux faces longitudinales 8L et deux faces transversales 8T. Cet orifice 82 est surdimensionné par rapport au tampon 7b de sorte que, une fois le plancher fixé, le support 8 puisse se déplacer longitudinalement et transversalement dans des limites prédéterminées, comme cela sera détaillé plus loin. During assembly of the housing 7, each intermediate buffer 7b is housed in an orifice 82 of the upper wall 8a of the support 8, the upper pads 7a to cap the upper wall 8a. The orifice 82 has two longitudinal faces 8 L and two transverse faces 8 T. This orifice 82 is oversized relative to the pad 7b so that, once the floor is fixed, the support 8 can move longitudinally and transversely within predetermined limits, as will be detailed below.
[0036] De plus, chaque patin supérieur 7a et chaque tampon intermédiaire 7b possèdent deux orifices, respectivement 71a et 71b, de sorte que, lors du montage du boîtier 7, les écrous 71 traversent verticalement au montage les ouvertures 71a et 71b de manière ajustée contre l'enveloppe externe 71e des écrous 71. La hauteur He des écrous 71 est prédéterminée pour que, après montage du boîtier 7, la face supérieure 71s des écrous 71 affleure la face supérieure 73 du patin 7a.  In addition, each upper pad 7a and each intermediate pad 7b have two orifices, respectively 71a and 71b, so that, during assembly of the housing 7, the nuts 71 pass vertically mounting the openings 71a and 71b in an adjusted manner. against the outer casing 71e of the nuts 71. The He height of the nuts 71 is predetermined so that, after assembly of the housing 7, the upper face 71s of the nuts 71 is flush with the upper face 73 of the pad 7a.
[0037]Pour finir le montage du boîtier 7, ses composants 7a à 7c sont solidarisés entre eux par une vis 74 venant se loger dans des trous correspondants 74a à 74c pratiqués dans les composants 7a à 7c, le trou 74c étant taraudé .  To finish the mounting of the housing 7, its components 7a to 7c are secured to each other by a screw 74 housed in corresponding holes 74a to 74c formed in the components 7a to 7c, the hole 74c being threaded.
[0038] L'attache de liaison 6, après montage de ses boîtiers 7, est détaillée ci-après en référence à la vue supérieure de la figure 4a et aux vues en coupe des figures 4b et 4c, respectivement selon les plans de coupe transversale B - B et C - C de la figure 4a.  The connecting clip 6, after mounting of its housings 7, is detailed below with reference to the top view of Figure 4a and the sectional views of Figures 4b and 4c, respectively according to the cross-sectional plans. B - B and C - C of Figure 4a.
[0039]La figure 4a montre les deux patins 7a agencés sur la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8. Chaque patin 7a présente alors un couple d' écrous 71 avec leurs alésages Al, chacun de ces couples d' écrous étant destiné à être vissé sur l'un des panneaux d'un couple de panneaux monoblocs adjacents, par exemple les panneaux 2a et 2b (figure 2) . Chaque patin 7a est maintenu en place lors du serrage de la vis 74 (cf. figure 3) . [0040]La vue de la figure 4b illustre, dans le plan de coupe transversal B - B de l'axe vertical Al d'un écrou 71 de boîtier 7, l'empilement des trois composants - patin supérieur 7a, tampon intermédiaire 7b et plaquette inférieure 7c - en liaison avec la paroi supérieur 8a du support 8. Plus précisément, il apparaît que cette paroi supérieure 8a est intercalée entre une face inférieure 75 du patin 7a et des faces supérieures 76 des parois latérales 70L de la plaquette 7c. Figure 4a shows the two pads 7a arranged on the upper wall 8a of the support 8. Each pad 7a then has a pair of nuts 71 with their bores Al, each of these pairs of nuts being intended to be screwed on. one of the panels of a pair of adjacent monobloc panels, for example the panels 2a and 2b (Figure 2). Each pad 7a is held in place during the tightening of the screw 74 (see Figure 3). The view of FIG. 4b illustrates, in the transverse sectional plane B - B of the vertical axis Al of a casing nut 71, the stack of the three components - upper pad 7a, intermediate pad 7b and lower plate 7c - in connection with the upper wall 8a of the support 8. More specifically, it appears that this upper wall 8a is interposed between a lower face 75 of the pad 7a and upper faces 76 of the side walls 70 L of the wafer 7c.
[0041]Chaque tampon intermédiaire 7b, disposé également entre le patin 7a et la plaquette 7c, est alors agencé en regard de la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8, dans un espace fermé Ef (seule la dimension longitudinale de cet espace Ef est visible sur la figure 4b) , limité par la plaquette 7c, l'encadrement formé par les faces 8L et 8T (cf. figure 3) de l'orifice 82 (cf. figure 3) de la paroi supérieure 8a, et le patin 7a. Intérieurement, chaque espace fermé Ef est limité par l'enveloppe 71e des écrous 71 qui traversent le tampon intermédiaire 7b de manière ajustée. Le tampon 7b est alors séparé de la paroi supérieure 8a par un écart prédéterminé ΔΕ - de 1 mm dans l'exemple - définissant une tolérance de déplacement (cf. ci-après les figures 6a et 7a) .  Each intermediate buffer 7b, also disposed between the pad 7a and the plate 7c, is then arranged facing the upper wall 8a of the support 8, in a closed space Ef (only the longitudinal dimension of this space Ef is visible on 4b), limited by the plate 7c, the frame formed by the faces 8L and 8T (see Figure 3) of the orifice 82 (see Figure 3) of the upper wall 8a, and the pad 7a. Internally, each closed space Ef is limited by the envelope 71e of the nuts 71 which pass through the intermediate buffer 7b in an adjusted manner. The buffer 7b is then separated from the upper wall 8a by a predetermined deviation ΔΕ - of 1 mm in the example - defining a displacement tolerance (see below Figures 6a and 7a).
[0042]Avantageusement, le tampon intermédiaire en caoutchouc 7b possède, avant montage du boîtier 7 par serrage de la vis 74 (cf. figures 3 ou 4c), une épaisseur maximale légèrement supérieure - de quelques dixièmes de mm - à la hauteur Hf de l'espace fermé Ef mesurée verticalement. Cette particularité permet d'exercer - après montage du boîtier 7 par serrage de la vis 74 (cf. figures 3 ou 4c) - une légère compression verticale sur le tampon 7b, et donc d'obtenir une bonne transmission des efforts selon l'axe vertical OZ . [0043]La vue en coupe selon le plan C - C de la figure 4c passe par l'axe vertical A2 de la vis 74 (cf. figure 4a) . Le logement de cette vis 74 est formé par l'empilement des trous 74a et 74b ainsi que du trou taraudé 74c, respectivement des composants 7a à 7c (le patin supérieur 7a, le tampon intermédiaire 7b et la plaquette inférieure 7c) . Un écart ΔΕ prédéterminé existe également entre le tampon intermédiaire 7b et la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8, ici égal à 1 mm. Advantageously, the intermediate rubber buffer 7b has, before mounting the housing 7 by tightening the screw 74 (see Figures 3 or 4c), a maximum thickness slightly greater - a few tenths of a mm - at the height H f closed space Ef measured vertically. This feature allows to exercise - after assembly of the housing 7 by tightening the screw 74 (see Figures 3 or 4c) - a slight vertical compression on the buffer 7b, and thus to obtain a good transmission of forces along the axis vertical OZ. The sectional view along the plane C - C of Figure 4c passes through the vertical axis A2 of the screw 74 (see Figure 4a). The housing of this screw 74 is formed by the stack of holes 74a and 74b and the tapped hole 74c, respectively components 7a to 7c (the upper pad 7a, the intermediate pad 7b and the lower plate 7c). A predetermined difference ΔΕ also exists between the intermediate buffer 7b and the upper wall 8a of the support 8, here equal to 1 mm.
[0044]Les figures 5a et 5b illustrent, selon des vues partielles en perspective et en coupe transversale, la phase préliminaire d' installation des panneaux monoblocs 2a et 2b avec l'attache de liaison 6. L'attache de liaison 6 est représentée avec l'embase 8b du support 8, fixée sur la tranche 51 de la traverse 5. L'attache de liaison 6 est alors disposée globalement perpendiculairement au bord 20b du panneau monobloc 2b (figure 5a) . Avantageusement, une équerre 52 est également prévue pour soutenir la partie inférieure 8b contre la face verticale 53 de la traverse 5.  Figures 5a and 5b illustrate, in partial views in perspective and in cross section, the preliminary phase of installation of the one-piece panels 2a and 2b with the connecting clip 6. The connecting clip 6 is shown with the base 8b of the support 8, fixed on the edge 51 of the crossbar 5. The connecting clip 6 is then disposed generally perpendicular to the edge 20b of the one-piece panel 2b (Figure 5a). Advantageously, a bracket 52 is also provided to support the lower part 8b against the vertical face 53 of the crossbar 5.
[0045] En vue de l'installation, deux pions de positionnement 9a, 9b de diamètre adapté sont insérés dans deux des écrous 71 des boîtiers 7. Un alésage 21 du panneau monobloc 2b à installer est alors enfilé (flèche Fl) sur le pion de positionnement 9b correspondant. Le pion 9b est ensuite retiré pour qu'une vis d'assemblage (non représentée) soit logée de manière serrée dans les alésages ainsi alignés 21 et 22, respectivement du panneau monobloc 2b et de l'écrou 71 (figure 5b) . L'installation et la fixation du panneau 2a sont conduites de façon semblable avec le pion de positionnement 9a, de sorte que les bords 20b des panneaux monoblocs 2a et 2b se trouvent en regard. [0046]Lorsqu' une charge est exercée sur les panneaux du plancher 2 (cf. figure 2) dans le plan horizontal XOY - charge qui peut se décomposer selon les axes OX ou OY en charges longitudinale et transversale - les attaches de liaison 6 sont structurées de sorte que les supports 8 desdites attaches 6 et les panneaux puissent se déplacer librement les uns relativement aux autres dans des limites déterminées, selon l'un et/ou l'autre des axes OX et OY . Les figures 6a et 6b d'une part, 7a et 7b d'autre part, montrent de tels déplacements des supports 8 respectivement par l'exercice d'une charge longitudinale et d'une charge transversale. Les vis d'assemblage 30 entre les panneaux monoblocs 2a, 2b et les boîtiers 7 ont été serrées dans les alésages 21 et 22 prévus précédemment (cf. figure 5b) . For the purpose of installation, two positioning pins 9a, 9b of suitable diameter are inserted in two of the nuts 71 of the housings 7. A bore 21 of the one-piece panel 2b to be installed is then threaded (arrow Fl) on the counter 9b corresponding positioning. The pin 9b is then removed so that an assembly screw (not shown) is housed tightly in the thus aligned bores 21 and 22 respectively of the one-piece panel 2b and the nut 71 (Figure 5b). The installation and fixing of the panel 2a are conducted in a similar manner with the positioning pin 9a, so that the edges 20b of the one-piece panels 2a and 2b are facing each other. When a load is exerted on the panels of the floor 2 (see Figure 2) in the horizontal plane XOY - load that can decompose along the axes OX or OY in longitudinal and transverse loads - the connecting ties 6 are structured so that the supports 8 of said fasteners 6 and the panels can move freely relative to each other within specified limits, according to one and / or other of the axes OX and OY. Figures 6a and 6b on the one hand, 7a and 7b on the other hand, show such displacements of the supports 8 respectively by the exercise of a longitudinal load and a transverse load. The assembly screws 30 between the one-piece panels 2a, 2b and the housings 7 have been tightened in the bores 21 and 22 previously provided (see Figure 5b).
[0047]Les vues en coupe d'un exemple d'assemblage de plancher de l'invention des figures 6a et 6b - selon un plan de coupe longitudinal XOZ passant par un rail 4 - illustrent la position des supports 8 selon l'axe OX, respectivement avant et après l'exercice de la charge longitudinale Fx . The sectional views of an example of a floor assembly of the invention of Figures 6a and 6b - according to a longitudinal section plane XOZ passing through a rail 4 - illustrate the position of the supports 8 along the axis OX , respectively before and after the exercise of the longitudinal load F x .
[0048] En référence à la figure 6a, le surdimensionnement longitudinal des orifices 82 (cf. figure 3) de la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8 induit la présence d'espaces ajustables El, E2 entre les faces transversales 8T des orifices 82 et les faces transversales en regard 7T des tampons intermédiaires 7b. Les espaces ajustables El, E2 sont des sous-espaces des espaces fermés Ef (cf. figure 4b ou 4c) . Dans l'exemple, l'écart ΔΕ entre les faces transversales 8T et7T est de 1mm. With reference to FIG. 6a, the longitudinal oversizing of the orifices 82 (see FIG. 3) of the upper wall 8a of the support 8 induces the presence of adjustable spaces El, E2 between the transverse faces 8 T of the orifices 82 and the transverse faces facing 7 T intermediate buffers 7b. The adjustable spaces El, E2 are subspaces of the closed spaces Ef (see Figure 4b or 4c). In the example, the difference ΔΕ between the transverse faces 8 T and 7 T is 1 mm.
[0049]Les espaces ajustables El, E2 fournissent ainsi une tolérance de positionnement longitudinal des supports 8 et permettent également d'absorber les différences de dilatation thermique exercées longitudinalement entre les panneaux du plancher, ici les panneaux 2a et 2b, et l'ossature primaire sans générer de contrainte. Ainsi, l'exercice de la charge Fx (figure 6b) entraîne le déplacement du boîtier 7 selon l'axe OX (dans un plan de glissement 100g) et le contact entre les supports 8 et les tampons 7b. Dans l'exemple illustré, le déplacement est le maximum toléré, soit 1 mm. The adjustable spaces El, E2 thus provide a longitudinal positioning tolerance of the supports 8 and also allow to absorb the differences in thermal expansion exerted longitudinally between the floor panels, here the panels 2a and 2b, and the primary frame without generating stress. Thus, the exercise of the load F x (Figure 6b) causes the displacement of the housing 7 along the axis OX (in a sliding plane 100g) and the contact between the supports 8 and the buffers 7b. In the example shown, the displacement is the maximum tolerated, ie 1 mm.
[0050]Cette mise en contact supprime des deux espaces ajustables El (figure 6a) du fait du sens d'application de la charge Fx , et double le volume des deux autres espaces ajustables E2 (correspondant dans l'exemple à 2 mm d'écart entre les faces 8T et 7T) . Un sens d'application de charge inverse entraînera le doublement de volume des espaces ajustables El (figure 6a) et la suppression des autres espaces ajustables E2. This contact eliminates two adjustable spaces El (Figure 6a) because of the application direction of the load F x , and doubles the volume of the other two adjustable spaces E2 (corresponding in the example to 2 mm d difference between the faces 8 T and 7 T ). One direction of reverse load application will cause the volume doubling of the adjustable spaces El (Figure 6a) and the removal of the other adjustable spaces E2.
[0051] Les vues en coupe des figures 7a et 7b de l'exemple d'assemblage de plancher précédent illustrent, selon le plan de coupe transversal B - B de la figure 4b, la position des supports 8 selon l'axe transversal OY respectivement avant et après l'exercice d'une charge transversale FY . L'embase 8b du support 8 est fixée sur la traverse 5 par des boulons 80. Dans cet exemple, le rail de fixation des sièges 4 - qui apparaît en arrière-plan - est en matériau composite et se prolonge au premier plan par ses deux ailes 4L de chaque côté de l'attache de liaison 6, ainsi que par une paroi supérieure 4a intégrée au panneau monobloc 2a. La paroi inférieure 4b du rail 4 n'est pas prolongée au niveau de l'emplacement de l'attache de liaison 6 pour réaliser une extrémité ouverte, et permettre ainsi la mise en place de cette attache. Alternativement, le rail 4 est en alliage métallique et sa paroi supérieure 4a n'est pas intégrée au panneau monobloc 2a. The sectional views of Figures 7a and 7b of the previous floor assembly example illustrate, according to the cross sectional plane B - B of Figure 4b, the position of the supports 8 along the transverse axis OY respectively before and after the exercise of a transverse load F Y. The base 8b of the support 8 is fixed on the crossmember 5 by bolts 80. In this example, the seat fixing rail 4 - which appears in the background - is made of composite material and is extended in the foreground by its two wings 4 L on each side of the connecting clip 6, as well as an upper wall 4a integrated in the one-piece panel 2a. The bottom wall 4b of the rail 4 is not extended at the location of the connecting clip 6 to make an open end, and thus allow the establishment of this fastener. Alternatively, the rail 4 is in metal alloy and its upper wall 4a is not integrated with the one-piece panel 2a.
[0052]En référence à la figure 7a, le surdimensionnement transversal des orifices 82 (cf. figure 3) de la paroi supérieure 8a du support 8 induit la présence de deux espaces ajustables E3, E4 - sous-espaces des espaces fermés Ef (cf. figure 4b) entre les faces longitudinales 8L des orifices 82 (cf. figure 3) pratiqués dans les parois supérieures 8a et les faces longitudinales en regard 7L des tampons 7b. Dans l'exemple, l'écart ΔΕ entre ces faces longitudinales 8L et7L est de 1mm. With reference to FIG. 7a, the transverse oversizing of the orifices 82 (see FIG. 3) of the upper wall 8a of the support 8 induces the presence of two adjustable spaces E3, E4 - subspaces of the closed spaces Ef (cf. Figure 4b) between the longitudinal faces 8 L of the orifices 82 (see Figure 3) formed in the upper walls 8a and the longitudinal faces facing 7 L of the buffers 7b. In the example, the difference ΔΕ between these longitudinal faces 8 L and 7 L is 1mm.
[0053]Les espaces E3 et E4 fournissent une tolérance de positionnement transversal des supports 8 et permettent également d'absorber les différences de dilatation thermique exercées transversalement entre les panneaux du plancher, ici le panneau 2a, et l'ossature primaire sans générer de contrainte. Ainsi, l'exercice de la charge FY (figure 7b) entraîne le déplacement du boîtier 7 selon l'axe transversal OY (toujours dans le plan de glissement 100g) et le contact entre les supports 8 et les tampons 7b. The spaces E3 and E4 provide a transverse positioning tolerance of the supports 8 and also allow to absorb the differences in thermal expansion exerted transversely between the panels of the floor, here the panel 2a, and the primary frame without generating stress . Thus, the exercise of the load F Y (Figure 7b) causes the displacement of the housing 7 along the transverse axis OY (always in the sliding plane 100g) and the contact between the supports 8 and the buffers 7b.
[0054]L' espace E3 double alors de volume (correspondant ici à 2 mm d'écart entre les faces 8L et 7L) , et l'espace E4 (figure 7a) est supprimé du fait du sens d'application de la charge FY . Un sens d'application de charge inverse entraînera un effet inverse: doublement de volume de l'espace ajustable E4 (figure 7a) et suppression de l'espace ajustable E3. The space E3 then doubles in volume (corresponding here to 2 mm difference between the faces 8 L and 7 L ), and the space E4 (Figure 7a) is removed because of the direction of application of the load F Y. One direction of reverse load application will have the opposite effect: doubling the volume of the adjustable space E4 (figure 7a) and removing the adjustable space E3.
[0055]L' invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples de réalisation décrits et représentés. Ainsi, le nombre d' écrou par boîtier est au minimum égal à un et peut être égal à trois ou quatre, voire plus. Le nombre d'alésages dans chaque panneau monobloc et de vis de fixation par panneau s'en déduit directement. Le nombre de boîtier par attache de liaison peut être augmenté à partir de deux, un boîtier par attache, en fonction des panneaux monoblocs à fixer, par exemple en fonction de leur dimension. En outre, la fixation des boîtiers peut également intervenir en plein panneau monobloc et non uniquement à cheval sur deux panneaux monoblocs adjacents. The invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown. Thus, the number of nuts per housing is at least one and can be equal to three or four or more. The number of bores in each monobloc panel and fixing screws per panel can be deduced directly. The number of cases per connection tie can be increased from two, a case by fastener, depending on the one-piece panels to be fixed, for example according to their size. In addition, the fixing boxes can also intervene in full monobloc panel and not only straddling two adjacent monobloc panels.
[0056]Par ailleurs, les rails de fixation des sièges peuvent être interrompus au niveau des attaches de liaison, et prolongées alors par des portions intégrées aux panneaux correspondant, ou bien non interrompues avec suppression de la partie inférieure 4b (cf. figures 7a ou 7b) du rail 4 pour positionner les attaches de liaison.  Furthermore, the rails for fixing the seats can be interrupted at the connecting ties, and then extended by integrated portions of the corresponding panels, or uninterrupted with removal of the lower part 4b (see Figures 7a or 7b) of the rail 4 to position the connecting clips.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de liaison souple de panneaux monoblocs en matériau composite (2a à 2f) formant un plancher flottant (2) pour un véhicule de transport dans un plan principal (XOY) , caractérisé en ce qu' il consiste à: 1. A method of flexible connection of monobloc panels of composite material (2a to 2f) forming a floating floor (2) for a transport vehicle in a main plane (XOY), characterized in that it consists of:
- intégrer, dans des espaces (Ef) formés dans des structures fermées (7) de connexions en matériau rigide (6), une couche intermédiaire en matériau déformable (7b) selon un premier axe (OZ) perpendiculaire au plan principal (XOY) de sorte que ce matériau déformable puisse s'adapter en compression selon ledit premier axe (OZ) ;  integrating, into spaces (Ef) formed in closed structures (7) of rigid material connections (6), an intermediate layer of deformable material (7b) along a first axis (OZ) perpendicular to the main plane (XOY) of so that this deformable material can adapt in compression along said first axis (OZ);
- régler de manière équilibrée la position de chaque couche intermédiaire (7b) dans les espaces fermés (Ef) de sorte à créer des espaces ajustables (El, E2; E3, E4) dans les espaces fermés (Ef) surdimensionnés par rapport aux couches intermédiaires (7b) dans deux axes perpendiculaires (OX, OY) du plan principal (XOY) ; et  adjusting in a balanced manner the position of each intermediate layer (7b) in the closed spaces (Ef) so as to create adjustable spaces (E1, E2, E3, E4) in the oversized closed spaces (Ef) with respect to the intermediate layers (7b) in two perpendicular axes (OX, OY) of the main plane (XOY); and
- lier les panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) à des structures de base en matériau métallique (5) via lesdites connexions (6) de sorte que les espaces fermés (Ef) liés aux structures de base (5) puissent se déplacer par rapport aux couches intermédiaires (7b) liées aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) par une adaptation des espaces ajustables (El, E2; E3, E4) avec une tolérance déterminée selon les deux axes perpendiculaires (OX, OY) du plan principal (XOZ)tout en transmettant les efforts exercés selon lesdits deux axes (OX, OY) .  connecting the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) to metal base structures (5) via said connections (6) so that the closed spaces (Ef) connected to the base structures (5) can move relative to the intermediate layers (7b) connected to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) by an adaptation of the adjustable spaces (E1, E2, E3, E4) with a given tolerance along the two perpendicular axes (OX, OY) of the main plane (XOZ) all transmitting the forces exerted along said two axes (OX, OY).
2. Procédé de liaison souple selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les espaces fermés (Ef) sont limités par des parois (8a) de supports (8) à lier aux structures de base (5) , par une paroi supérieure en matériau synthétique (7a) à lier aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) et par une paroi inférieure en matériau métallique (7c) à lier également aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) , les parois supérieures (7a) et inférieures (7c) restant en contact avec les parois de supports ( 8a) . 2. A method of flexible connection according to claim 1, wherein the closed spaces (Ef) are limited by walls (8a) of supports (8) to bind to the base structures (5), by a top wall of synthetic material ( 7a) to connecting to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) and by a lower wall of metal material (7c) to also bind to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f), the upper (7a) and lower (7c) walls remaining in contact with the walls of supports (8a).
3. Procédé de liaison souple selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, dans lequel le réglage de position des connexions (6) est effectué initialement et par maintenance à l'aide de pions de positionnement (9a, 9b) .  3. A method of flexible connection according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the position adjustment of the connections (6) is performed initially and by maintenance with positioning pins (9a, 9b).
4. Procédé de liaison souple selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel chaque support (8) définissant un espace fermé (Ef) peut se déplacer transversalement et/ou longitudinalement par rapport aux couches intermédiaires (7b) liées aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) du plancher (2) selon des axes (OY, OX) du plan principal (XOY) respectivement parallèle et perpendiculaire aux bords (20b) de ces panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) .  4. A method of flexible connection according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each support (8) defining a closed space (Ef) can move transversely and / or longitudinally relative to the intermediate layers (7b) related to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) of the floor (2) along the axes (OY, OX) of the main plane (XOY) respectively parallel and perpendicular to the edges (20b) of these one-piece panels (2a to 2f).
5. Attache de liaison souple (6) de panneaux monoblocs en matériau composite (2a à 2f) formant un plancher flottant (2) dans un plan principal (XOY) pour un véhicule de transport, apte à mettre en œuvre le procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins deux boîtiers (7) composés chacun d'un patin supérieur en matériau synthétique (7a) et d'une plaquette inférieure en alliage métallique (7c) , chaque boîtier (7) enfermant un tampon intermédiaire en matériau déformable (7b) comprimé entre le patin supérieur (7a) et la plaquette inférieure (7c), en ce que chaque boîtier (7) définit un espace fermé (Ef) limité par au moins un écrou interne (71) provenant de la plaquette inférieure (7c) et qui traverse le tampon intermédiaire (7b) et le patin supérieur (7a) de manière ajustée, par le patin supérieur (7a) de solidarisation des panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) , par la plaquette inférieure (7c) ainsi que par des faces d'encadrement (8L, 8T) disposées transversalement et longitudinalement à distance déterminée du tampon intermédiaire (7b), en ce que ces faces d'encadrement (8L, 8T) forment un orifice (82) surdimensionné par rapport au tampon intermédiaire (7b) et appartiennent à une paroi supérieure (8a), parallèle au plan principal (XOY) , d'un support (8) destiné à connecter les boîtiers (7) à des structures de base (5) du véhicule de transport, et en ce que ce support (8) s'étend longitudinalement en utilisation, perpendiculairement aux structures de base (5) et à des bords (20b) des panneaux monoblocs juxtaposés (2a à 2f) à lier, et comporte - outre ladite paroi supérieure (8a) - deux parois latérales (8c, 8d) et une embase (8b) apte à le solidariser sur lesdites structures de base (5) . 5. Flexible link fastener (6) of monobloc panels of composite material (2a to 2f) forming a floating floor (2) in a main plane (XOY) for a transport vehicle, adapted to implement the method according to the any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least two housings (7) each consisting of an upper pad of synthetic material (7a) and a lower plate of metal alloy (7c), each casing (7 ) enclosing an intermediate pad of deformable material (7b) compressed between the upper pad (7a) and the lower pad (7c), in that each casing (7) defines a closed space (Ef) bounded by at least one inner nut ( 71) from the lower wafer (7c) and through the intermediate pad (7b) and the upper pad (7a) in an adjusted fashion by the upper pad (7a) of joining the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) by the lower plate (7c) as well as by framing faces (8 L , 8 T ) arranged transversely and longitudinally at a determined distance from the intermediate buffer (7b), in that these framing faces (8 L , 8 T ) form an orifice (82) oversized with respect to the intermediate buffer (7b) and belong to an upper wall (8a), parallel to the main plane (XOY), of a support (8 ) for connecting the housings (7) to base structures (5) of the transport vehicle, and in that the carrier (8) extends longitudinally in use, perpendicular to the base structures (5) and at the edges (20b) juxtaposed monobloc panels (2a to 2f) to be bonded, and comprises - besides said upper wall (8a) - two side walls (8c, 8d) and a base (8b) adapted to secure it on said basic structures ( 5).
6. Attache de liaison (6) selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel chaque écrou (71) issu de la plaquette inférieure (7c) traverse de manière ajustée des ouvertures (71a, 71b) formées dans le patin supérieure (7a) et dans le tampon intermédiaire (7b) de sorte que l' écrou (71) présente une face supérieure (71s) apte à affleurer une face supérieure (73) dudit patin (7a) .  6. A binding attachment (6) according to the preceding claim, wherein each nut (71) from the lower plate (7c) fits through apertures (71a, 71b) formed in the upper pad (7a) and in the intermediate buffer (7b) so that the nut (71) has an upper face (71s) adapted to be flush with an upper face (73) of said pad (7a).
7. Attache de liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, dans lequel, lorsque le nombre d' écrous (71) est au moins égal à deux, la plaquette inférieure (7c) , le tampon intermédiaire (7b) et le patin supérieur (7a) sont solidarisés par une fixation (74) formée entre les écrous (71) .  7. A binding clip according to any one of claims 5 or 6, wherein, when the number of nuts (71) is at least two, the lower plate (7c), the intermediate buffer (7b) and the upper shoe (7a) are secured by a fastener (74) formed between the nuts (71).
8. Attache de liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 7, dans lequel chaque paroi latérale de support (8) se compose de deux prolongements latéraux (8c, 8d) de la partie supérieure (8a) et de l'embase (8b), ces prolongements latéraux (8c, 8d) étant fixés ensemble à l'aide de moyens repositionnables (81) définissant plusieurs positions de réglage longitudinale. Binding tie according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein each support side wall (8) consists of two lateral extensions (8c, 8d) of the upper part (8a) and the base (8b), these lateral extensions (8c, 8d) being fixed together by means of repositionable means (81) defining a plurality of longitudinal adjustment positions.
9. Attache de liaison selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 8, dans lequel le matériau synthétique du patin supérieur (7a) est choisi entre un téflon, une céramique et un élastomère, le matériau déformable du tampon intermédiaire (7b) est choisi entre un caoutchouc, un silicone et un élastomère thermoplastique, et la plaquette inférieure (7c) est en alliage d'aluminium et/ou de titane.  9. Linking attachment according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the synthetic material of the upper pad (7a) is selected between a teflon, a ceramic and an elastomer, the deformable material of the intermediate buffer (7b) is selected between a rubber, a silicone and a thermoplastic elastomer, and the lower plate (7c) is made of aluminum alloy and / or titanium.
10. Assemblage de plancher caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un plancher flottant (2) formé de panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) , liés par les attaches de liaison (6) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à 9, et des structures de base (5) d'un véhicule de transport sur lesquelles est monté le plancher flottant (2) via ces attaches de liaison (6) selon le procédé conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4.  10. A floor assembly characterized in that it comprises a floating floor (2) formed of one-piece panels (2a to 2f), connected by the connecting ties (6) according to any one of claims 5 to 9, and basic structures (5) of a transport vehicle on which the floating floor (2) is mounted via these connecting fasteners (6) according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
11. Assemblage de plancher selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel les attaches de liaison (6) sont solidarisées aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) et aux structures de base (5) par des moyens de solidarisation choisis entre vissage, rivetage, collage et soudage.  11. Floor assembly according to the preceding claim, wherein the connecting ties (6) are secured to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) and to the base structures (5) by securing means selected between screwing, riveting, gluing and welding.
12. Assemblage selon la revendication 10, dans lequel les attaches de liaison (6) sont solidarisées aux panneaux monoblocs (2a à 2f) via des extrémités ouvertes (4a, 4L) de rails (4) de fixation d'équipements du véhicule de transport . 12. An assembly according to claim 10, wherein the connecting clips (6) are secured to the one-piece panels (2a to 2f) via open ends (4a, 4L ) of rails (4) for attaching equipment of the vehicle. transport.
13. Véhicule de transport, en particulier un aéronef, comportant un assemblage de plancher conformément à l'une quelconque des revendications 10 à 12.  A transport vehicle, particularly an aircraft, having a floor assembly according to any one of claims 10 to 12.
PCT/EP2015/070092 2014-09-03 2015-09-02 Method and fastener for connecting vehicle floor panels, floor assembly and vehicle comprising such an assembly WO2016034649A1 (en)

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FR1458217 2014-09-03
FR1458217A FR3025178B1 (en) 2014-09-03 2014-09-03 METHOD AND ATTACHMENT FOR CONNECTING PANELS TO A FLOOR OF A VEHICLE, FLOOR ASSEMBLY AND VEHICLE COMPRISING SUCH ASSEMBLY

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FR3025178A1 (en) 2016-03-04

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