WO2016004847A1

WO2016004847A1 - Mono-hull floater

Info

Publication number: WO2016004847A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/083431
Authority: WO
Inventors: 吴植融
Original assignee: 吴植融
Priority date: 2014-07-07
Filing date: 2015-07-07
Publication date: 2016-01-14
Also published as: CN105000137B; CN106458305B; CN105000137A; CN106458305A

Abstract

A mono-hull floater (1) comprises a floating body (100), upper facilities (200) and a positioning system (300). The upper facilities (200) are arranged on the top of the floating body (100), and the floating body is moored through the positioning system (300). An upright cylinder (110) of the floating body comprises a vertical structure and a horizontal structure. The vertical structure and the horizontal structure are spaced to form several radial liquid storage units (120), and each radial liquid storage unit comprises a U-shaped communicated ballast tank (121) and a liquid storage tank (122). The U-shaped communicated ballast tank (121) comprises an internal vertical tank, an external vertical tank, a horizontal bottom tank that connects the bottoms of the internal vertical tank and the external vertical tank, and a pipeline that communicates the top portions of the internal vertical tank and the external vertical tank. The liquid storage tank is located between the internal vertical tank and the external vertical tank and is located above the horizontal bottom tank. The floating body (100) further comprises an anti-motion structure (130) that surrounds the lower portion of the upright external cylindrical wall. Therefore, the floating state of the mono-hull floater does not change or nearly stays the same. Also provided is another mono-hull floater.

Description

Straight floating platform

Related application

The present application claims priority to the application No. 201410316853.6, entitled "Straight Floating Platform and Fan Rotary Single Point Mooring Infusion System", filed on July 7, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The straight-type floating platform part has been further improved and optimized.

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of floating platform technology for offshore oil and gas exploration, development and production, in particular to a straight floating platform with drilling and storage and dry wellhead functions.

Background technique

Since the introduction of the MONO-HULL FLOATER/SINGLE COLUMN FLOATER, a number of different concepts have been formed. Mainly include: 1. TFTECH buoyFORM platform; 2. semi-submersible single floating platform (SEMO--SEMI-SUBMERSIBLE MONOHULL); 3. floating platform described in patent US 6945736B2; and Floating platform: 4, floating platform with bottom rim fixed ballast tank (CN 101980917B and US 8292546B2); 5, concrete-steel composite wall multi-cylinder floating platform (International Application No. PCT/CN2013/070808 And 6, the ring-type floating platform (International Application No. PCT/CN2014/071121). The floating cylinder 3 and the upper facility 10 of the above concepts 1 to 6 can be integrated; in addition to the concept 1, there is a common feature: the flash-type damping structure 4 at the bottom of the floating cylinder 3 has improved hydrodynamic performance. The decisive role, in other words, the damping structure is the most important point of creation. In fact, increasing the damping of the movement of the floating body is only one function of the bottom damping structure, the fundamental purpose of which is to reduce the motion response of the floating body, so the invention defines it as "anti-motion structures." Research, the above several concepts have the following deficiencies:

Concept 1 The floating cylinder 3 is a trump-shaped floating body with a small upper and a large, and has a small flash edge 4 at the bottom, and the draft is deep (see Fig. 9); Concept 2 refers to Figure 10, and the cylinder 3 of the floating body is deep in water and flies at the bottom. The side damper structure 4 is a box having a diameter, a height (thickness) of a large diameter 3 (up to or more than 10 meters) and a rectangular cross section, and the box can be connected with the tank of the cylinder. Integral, forming a circular flash with a small depth of influence from the action of the waves (brim). According to the relevant papers, the quality of the attached waters of

Concepts

1 and 2 is large, the natural period is relatively large, and the hydrodynamic performance, especially the heave motion performance is better; especially the concept 2, its hydrodynamic performance is better than the SPAR platform. However, 1)

Concepts

1 and 2 both use oil and water stored in the same tank for wet storage and cannot be applied to FPSO; 2) Concept 1 round table structure and concept 2 The difficulty of construction, installation and overhaul of the flash box structure Large; 3) Concept 2's box flash is directly extended outward from the bottom of the barrel, and the box will withstand the load generated by the wave passing through the barrel.

Concepts

1, 2 have not yet been reported in practical applications.

Concept 3 See Figure 11. The floating platform does not draw too much water. It uses the same dry oil storage process as the tanker. The draft depth varies with the change of the storage load. The inside of the cylinder uses multiple layers of radially separated compartments. In order to distinguish concept 2, concept 3 adopts a different bottom damping structure: at least one annular groove 5 is provided on the outer cylinder wall of the lower part of the floating body cylinder, and a special annular structure is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder bottom plate; The annular structure comprises a bottom inverted cone annular baffle 6 and a top tapered inner annular baffle 7, the inner sides of the two annular baffles are connected to the outer cylinder wall of the cylinder 3, and the outer side is connected to an upright short cylinder 8, erect The short cylinder 8 and the floating body cylinder 3 have a common vertical central axis, and a plurality of damping holes 9 are provided on the upper and lower layers. The inventors conceived that the hydrodynamic performance is improved by the damping generated by the water body guided by the conical annular baffle through the orifice. Since Concept 3 has little practical effect on the above-mentioned damping structure, it is understood that the patentee does not use his own patented damping structure in many actual cylindrical floating platforms, such as cylindrical FPSO and cylindrical drilling platforms. A flash-type annular damping structure similar to Concept 2 is used as an integral part of the bottom seawater ballast tank. According to relevant papers and other materials, the United States and Brazil also have similar development and design of cylindrical FPSO, but there is no practical application report. Referring to Figure 12, compared with Concept 2, the current cylindrical floating platform has a smaller draft (about 25 meters), the height of the damping structure is relatively small (2 to 3 meters), and the hydrodynamic performance is far less than Concept 2 Its heave performance is comparable to that of the boat-shaped FPSO. Although the performance of the other degrees of freedom has been improved, it is far from meeting the basic conditions for installing a dry wellhead. The current cylindrical floating platform has the same shortcomings as the above concept 2, 2) and 3); at the same time, the flash seawater ballast tank brings difficulties to the maintenance; the separation of the internal compartment of the concept 3 cylinder determines the platform The liquid storage and loading and unloading must be synchronized synchronously to ensure that the floating state of the platform remains unchanged, thereby increasing the difficulty of design, construction and production operations.

Concept 4 proposes a "mass flow rate replacement process such as closed air pressure connected ballast seawater and liquid storage" and a matching concrete combined liquid storage tank, which overcomes the shortcomings of current wet or dry oil storage; the bottom damping structure is rim The fixed ballast tank replaces the flat flash tank of Concept 2. The biggest innovation is the circumferential clearance between the rim-type fixed ballast tank and the cylinder, which is connected to the cylinder through the bracket to make the rim fixed. The upper and lower water bodies of the ballast tank are connected to each other, which reduces the load acting on the rim-type fixed ballast tank caused by the wave diffraction, further improves the hydrodynamic performance of the floating body, and can reach the condition for installing the dry wellhead. The disadvantages of Concept 4 are: 1) After the rim-type fixed ballast tank is added to the iron ore, it is self-important. The difficulty in designing and building increases, and the fatigue problem of connecting the brackets is large; 2) The rim-type fixed ballast tank is only a preliminary structural form and has not been studied in depth.

Concept 5 changes the rim-type fixed ballast tank to an annular floating cabin ("lower skirt bottom tank") to increase the buoyancy of the concrete platform during construction and towing, in the annular floating chamber in the IN-PLACE state The seawater is pressurized and the size of the hoop gap and the dimensions of the float section are optimized. The hydrodynamic performance is improved compared with the concept 4. The concept of concrete-steel composite wall tank is also proposed. Similar to Concept 4, the radial section of the bottom 5 damping structure of Concept 5 is rectangular box shape. It is difficult to construct, install and overhaul. The strength and fatigue of the bracket need to be carefully designed. The damping structure is not practical and the hydrodynamic performance is still to be treated. Optimization, especially if the radial clearance is too small, will be detrimental to reducing the load of the wave diffraction on the damping structure; while Concept 5 does not involve the separation of the compartments of a circular or regular polygonal cylinder.

Concept 6 replaces the circular buoy of Concept 5 with a slab-shaped ring, whose radial section is further optimized to be trough (inverted U-shaped) and H-shaped, and at the same time, to overcome the difficulty of construction and installation of large-scale rings Concept 6 proposes fixed and segmented rings and further optimizes composite wall tanks. However, the hydrodynamic performance of Concept 6 still has room for optimization, especially the form of radial clearance is single, the radial clearance is too small to reduce the load of the wave diffraction on the damping structure, and the excessively large to reduce the attached water. The quality of the floating body reduces the natural period of the floating body; the horizontal section of the single-tube upright cylinder and the compartment separation are similar to the current cylindrical FPSO, so the same disadvantages exist.

The above concepts 1 to 6 did not take countermeasures against the floating body vibration (VIM-Vortex Induced Motion) caused by the current vortex.

In view of the above deficiencies, the inventors of the present application have further optimized the design of the damping structure of the concept 6 and the subdivision of the single-tube upright cylinder after long-term research and practice, and finally obtained the invention.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the technical problem that the method for keeping the floating state unchanged during the loading and unloading process of the current straight type liquid storage floating platform is complicated, the hydrodynamic performance is not ideal, and the liquid storage is externally transported, the present invention provides a straight type floating platform, which has Excellent hydrodynamic performance, can install dry wellhead, and can easily realize the floating state of the platform during the liquid storage and loading process remains unchanged or approximately unchanged.

A straight-type floating platform of the present invention includes a floating body, an upper facility and a positioning system; the upper facility is disposed at the top of the floating body, and the floating body is moored to the seabed or positioned on the water surface by the positioning system.

The floating body includes an upright cylinder including a vertical structure and a horizontal structure; the vertical structure is separated from the horizontal structure to form a plurality of radial liquid storage units; each of the radial liquid storage units Includes a U-shaped connected ballast tank and a storage tank.

The U-shaped communication ballast tank includes an inner vertical compartment, an outer vertical compartment, and a horizontal hopper that connects the bottoms of the inner and outer vertical compartments, and a duct connecting the tops of the upper ends of the inner and outer vertical compartments; The reservoir is located between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment and above the horizontal hopper.

The float also includes a damper structure that surrounds a lower portion of the outer barrel wall of the upright barrel.

The present invention also proposes another straight-type floating platform comprising a floating body, an upper facility and a positioning system, the upper facility being disposed on the top of the floating body, the floating body being moored on the seabed or positioned on the water surface by the positioning system The floating body includes an upright cylinder and a damper structure surrounding a lower periphery of the outer wall of the vertical cylinder;

The upright cylinder comprises a single cylinder upright cylinder or a multi-cylinder upright cylinder composed of at least two cylinders; the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder upright cylinder has a circular or regular polygon; the multi-circle The cylinders in the upright cylinder are arranged in a circular or a plurality of concentric circles, and the outer walls of the adjacent cylinders are tangent to each other and closely fit to form a honeycomb, the center of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder The center cylinder can be set or not set;

The damper structure is located at a deep water, and the damper structure is a skirt type reduction structure or a ring type damper structure;

The skirt reducing structure includes an upright short cylinder wall and an annular plate surrounding a lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder, and an inner edge and an outer edge of the annular plate of the skirt reducing structure are respectively erected The outer side of the cylinder is connected to the top of the upright short cylinder wall;

The ring-shaped damper structure includes one of the upright short cylinder walls, a ring-shaped annular plate, and an upright guide tube wall disposed between the upright cylinder and the upright short cylinder wall; the erect Forming an annular radial gap between the wall of the draft tube and the upright cylinder, the upright guide tube wall and the upright cylinder being connected by a plurality of radially arranged brackets; the ring An inner edge and an outer edge of the wing annular plate are respectively coupled to a top of the upright draft tube wall and a top of the upright short tube wall to form a downward U-shaped radial section; or the annular ring plate The inner side edge and the outer side edge are respectively connected with the bottom of the vertical draft tube wall and the bottom of the vertical short tube wall to form an upward U-shaped radial section; the height of the upright guide tube wall is greater than or equal to The height of the upright short cylinder wall, the upright guide tube wall is a truncated cone surface or a prism side surface which is tapered upward or downward, or is a cylindrical surface.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that the straight-type floating platform of the present invention adopts a simpler, safer and more reliable tank compartment separation form to ensure that the floating state of the platform is unchanged during the liquid storage loading and unloading process. Basically unchanged. At the same time, the platform of the invention is a steel structure platform, which is constructed in the same or similar manner as the ship, and is more conducive to the selection of the construction site and the contractor.

Compared with the FPSO of the floating platform described in the prior patent US 6,945,736 B2, the straight floating platform has the main advantages of the SPAR platform and the FPSO, and has excellent hydrodynamic performance. It is also widely used, not only for drilling, but also for dry wellheads. It has similar production and storage functions as FPSO/FLNG; it can also be used for deep water and harsh Exploration, development and production of oil and gas fields under sea conditions.

The straight floating platform system is environmentally friendly, safe and reliable. Flexible use and easy relocation, all construction and commissioning work can be completed at the shipyard, which greatly saves the construction cost of the facility, the production operation cost of the oil and gas field and the abandonment fee.

Another straight type floating platform proposed by the present invention not only includes the above beneficial effects, but also has the following features and advantages:

1. Compared with the previous concept of the applicant, the other straight-type floating platform of the present invention further optimizes the reducing structure, has a simpler structure and better hydrodynamic performance; at the same time, the single-tube vertical cylinder is simpler to adopt. Safe and reliable tank compartment separation to ensure that the platform's floating state does not change during the process of liquid handling.

2. The multi-head spiral vortex side plate effectively solves the problem of VIM-Vortex Induced Motion caused by the current vortex.

DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. In addition, the shapes, proportions, and the like of the components in the drawings are merely illustrative and are intended to assist the understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the shapes and proportions of the components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, in light of the teachings of the present invention, may choose various possible shapes and ratios to implement the present invention.

1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a straight type floating platform of the present invention;

1a is a schematic view showing the structure of an isolated vertical bulkhead at the bottom of a U-shaped seawater ballast tank according to the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

1b is a schematic view showing the structure of a fixed-type ballast tank at the bottom of the inner vertical chamber of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank according to the straight-type floating platform of the present invention;

1c is a schematic view showing the structure of a multi-head spiral vortex side plate disposed on a straight-type floating platform of the present invention and a fixed ballast tank at the bottom of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1;

3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an upright cylinder of another embodiment of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

Figure 4a is a partial cross-sectional view showing the first embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of Figure 1a;

Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the second embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

Figure 5a is a partial cross-sectional view showing the second embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of Figure 1a;

Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the third embodiment of the skirt type reduction structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

Figure 6a is a partial cross-sectional view showing the third embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of Figure 1a;

Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the ring type damper structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

7a is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the U-shaped opening downward ring-shaped reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

Figure 7b is a partial cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the U-shaped opening downward ring-shaped reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the U-shaped open upward ring-shaped damper structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention;

9 is a schematic diagram of a platform form of the prior art concept 1;

10 is a schematic diagram of a platform form of the prior art concept 2;

11 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a damping structure of a prior art concept 3 platform;

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the form of a conventional cylindrical floating platform.

Description of the reference signs:

1-straight floating platform;

100-float;

110-upright cylinder;

111-fourth wall; 112-third wall; 113-second wall;

114-first layer wall; 115-radial watertight partition plate; 116-upper top plate;

117-lower bottom plate; 118-annular intermediate bottom plate; 119-fixed ballast tank wall;

120-radial liquid storage unit;

121-U-shaped connecting ballast tank; 122-reservoir; 123-fixed ballast tank;

124-independent liquid storage unit; 125-central area; 126-isolated vertical bulkhead;

130-reduction structure;

131-skirt; 132-upright short wall; 133-annular top; 134-ring; 135-radial clearance;

136-upright guide tube wall; 137-annular plate; 138-ring wing plate;

200-upper facility;

300-positioning system;

2-water surface; 3 - prior art floating cylinder; 4 - prior art flash damper structure; 5 - prior art cylinder damping annular groove; 6 - prior art bottom inverted cone annular deflector; - prior art top tapered cone air deflector; 8 - prior art outer upright short cylinder wall; 9 - prior art upright short cylinder wall damping aperture; 10 - prior art upper installation.

detailed description

The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood from the description of the drawings and the description of the invention. However, the specific embodiments of the invention described herein are intended to be illustrative only and not to be construed as limiting the invention. Those skilled in the art can devise any possible variations based on the present invention, which are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a straight-type floating platform according to the present invention. A straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention includes a floating body 100 , an upper installation 200 and a positioning system 300 . The straight-type floating platform 1 is used for drilling, oil and gas production, natural gas liquefaction and regasification, natural gas chemical and liquid storage, and oily wastewater treatment in the exploration and development of offshore oil and gas fields.

The upper facility 200 is disposed at the top of the floating body 100, which includes one or more of drilling, wellhead, oil and gas production, natural gas liquefaction, natural gas regasification, and utilities and living facilities. The floating body 100 floats on the sea. The positioning system 300 is disposed at a lower portion of the floating body 100, and the floating body 100 is moored to the seabed by the positioning system 300 or positioned within a range defined by the water surface 2. The positioning system 300 includes a mooring leg system or a dynamic positioning system that moor the floating body 100 on the seabed, or a combination of both.

The floating body 100 includes an upright cylinder 110 including a vertical structure and a horizontal structure; the vertical structure is separated from the horizontal structure to form a plurality of radial liquid storage units 120; each radial liquid storage unit 120 includes a U-shaped communication The ballast tank 121 and a liquid storage tank 122.

The U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 includes an inner vertical compartment, an outer vertical compartment, and a horizontal bottom compartment connecting the bottoms of the inner and outer vertical compartments, and a duct connecting the tops of the upper ends of the inner and outer vertical compartments; Connected, complete seawater ballast tank.

The reservoir 122 is located between the inside vertical compartment and the outside vertical compartment and above the horizontal hopper. The storage tank 122 can store one or more of crude oil, oily sewage, LNG, LPG, condensate or other industrial liquid products, and the structure and construction of the bulkhead of the storage tank 122 needs to be adapted to the stored liquid. For example, the bulkhead structure of a storage tank in which LNG is stored should be provided with a corresponding containment system, such as a GTT or SPB type containment system.

The floating body 100 also includes a damper structure 130 that surrounds the lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110. The damper structure 130 serves to reduce platform motion and ensure excellent hydrodynamic performance.

The straight type floating platform 1 of the invention can form various forms of deep water floating platform: the ballast sea water and the liquid storage unequal mass flow rate replacement process, the straight type floating platform 1 can be used as FPSO, FLNG; The mass flow rate replacement process such as seawater and liquid storage, the platform of the present invention can be used as FPDSO in addition to FPSO and FLNG, and the most important thing is to install a dry wellhead to become a floating wellhead storage and discharge device (FWSO-FLOATING WELLHEAD) STORAGE OFFLOADING), one or several of the oil and gas production facility (P), the drilling rig (D), and the natural gas liquefaction facility (LNG) may be separately installed on the FWSO as needed.

The straight type floating platform 1 of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Compared with the existing cylindrical floating platform, such as the cylindrical FPSO, the straight floating platform 1 of the present invention has the main advantages of the SPAR platform and the FPSO, and has excellent hydrodynamic performance and wide application. It can drill, install dry wellheads, and also has similar production and storage functions for FPSO/FLNG.

2. Compared with the concept previously proposed by the applicant, the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention adopts a simpler, safer and more reliable tank compartment separation form to ensure that even one of the paths is in the process of liquid storage loading and unloading. When the liquid storage unit 120 is unloaded, the floating state of the platform is also unchanged or substantially unchanged. At the same time, the platform of the invention is a steel structure platform, which is constructed in the same or similar manner as the ship, and is more conducive to the selection of the construction site and the contractor.

3. The straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention can be used for exploration, development and production of oil and gas fields under deep water and severe sea conditions. The system is environmentally friendly, safe and reliable, flexible in use, and easy to relocate; the entire platform can be completed at the shipyard. The commissioning work greatly saves the construction cost of the facility, the production operation cost of the oil and gas field and the abandonment fee.

Preferably, the distance between the top of the upright cylinder 110 and the water surface 2 (the freeboard) is as high as possible, which reduces the influence of the upper waves on the straight floating platform 1.

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic cross-sectional view of the AA of FIG. 1 . As an implementable manner, the vertical structure comprises four layers of circular cylinder walls and/or regular polygonal cylinder walls, that is, the first from the outside to the inside. The layer cylinder wall 114, the second layer cylinder wall 113, the third layer cylinder wall 112, the fourth layer cylinder wall 111, and a plurality of radial watertight partition plates 115. The central axes of the four-layer cylinder walls coincide.

The radial watertight partition plate 115 sequentially connects the wall walls of the layers in a watertight manner in sequence, that is, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer wall are sequentially watertightly connected. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, six (representing a plurality of) radially watertight partition plates 115 are provided. According to the design of structural strength and rigidity, a radial structural frame may be disposed between two adjacent radial watertight partition plates 115, and six (representative plurality) radial structural frames are disposed in the embodiment shown in FIG.

The horizontal structure includes an upper top plate 116, an annular intermediate bottom plate 118, and a lower bottom plate 117. The upper top plate 116 is watertightly joined to the top of the vertical structure and overlies the area enclosed by the first tubular wall 114. The lower floor 117 is watertightly connected to the bottom of the vertical structure and covers the area enclosed by the first layer of the wall 114. The annular intermediate bottom plate 118 is located between the upper top plate 116 and the lower bottom plate 117 and adjacent to the lower bottom plate 117, and is watertightly connected to the second layer of the cylindrical wall 113 and the third layer of the cylindrical wall 112. The second layer of the cylindrical wall 113 between the annular intermediate bottom plate 118 and the lower bottom plate 117 and the third layer of the cylindrical wall 112 are evenly distributed with a plurality of U-shaped communicating ballast tank communication holes (not shown in the drawings), preferably U The shape of the communicating hole of the connected ballast tank is a rectangle.

The vertical structure and the horizontal structure form a water-sealed or up-and-down central zone 125 and a plurality of water-tight radial storage units 120; the central zone 125 is surrounded by a fourth layer of walls 111.

Adjacent two radial watertight partition plates 115, first layer wall 114, second layer wall 113, third layer wall 112, fourth layer wall 111, upper top plate 116, lower bottom plate 117 and ring The intermediate bottom plate 118 encloses a U-shaped communication ballast compartment 121.

Adjacent two radial watertight partitions 115, a second layer of walls 113, a third layer of walls 112, an upper roof 116 and an annular intermediate floor 118 enclose a reservoir 122.

The area indicated by the hatching in Fig. 2 is one of the radial liquid storage units 120, and the two hatched lines of the same inclination indicate the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121, which respectively indicate the inner vertical compartment and the outer side of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121. The vertical compartment is used as a seawater ballast tank, and the inner and outer vertical tanks are connected as a whole through the bottom horizontal tank; the other different slope line indicates the tank 122 located between the inner and outer vertical tanks. .

As shown in Fig. 1, the components in the vertical structure are vertically arranged, and the components in the horizontal structure are horizontally arranged. According to the design of structural strength and rigidity, a plurality of horizontal structural frames and a plurality of radial structural frames may be disposed in the middle of each layer of the cylindrical wall; under the upper top plate 116 and the annular intermediate bottom plate 118, and above the lower bottom plate 117 A strong structure can be set. It can be seen that the liquid storage tank 122 of the present invention is surrounded by the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 from the outside, the inner side and the bottom portion, forming a double-shell double bottom structure similar to the oil tank to ensure the safety of the structure and greatly reduce the liquid storage. The probability of environmental pollution caused by cabin damage.

The equal mass flow rate replacement process is the basic condition for ensuring that the straight floating platform 1 maintains the draft of the draft during the liquid storage and unloading process; the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is maintained during the process of liquid storage loading and unloading. It is also very important. In order to facilitate the operation of the liquid storage and loading, the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is kept unchanged or approximately constant, and it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity of each radial liquid storage unit 120 remains unchanged during the loading and unloading process. Approximately unchanged. Thus, even if only one of the radial liquid storage units 120 is unloaded, the straight floating platform 1 does not roll. As an implementable manner, the combined centroid (geometric center) projected by the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane coincides with the centroid projected by the reservoir 122 on the horizontal plane; or The combined centroid of the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 projected on the horizontal plane deviates from the centroid of the reservoir 42 projected on the horizontal plane (two centroids "approximate coincidence"), two centroids The deviation distance between them is less than or equal to 5% of the radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall 114; wherein the first layer of the cylinder wall 114 has a radius of a circular first layer of the cylindrical wall 114 or a first layer of the regular polygonal wall The radius of the circumcircle of 114.

It is ensured that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity of each radial liquid storage unit 120 during loading and unloading remains unchanged, and the calculation method is as follows: a combination of projections of the inner and outer vertical compartments of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane is listed. Shape meter The calculation formula, and the centroid calculation formula of the projection of the liquid storage tank 122 between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment on the horizontal plane, is solved by the equation of two centroids. According to the calculation result, the U-shaped inner inner cylinder walls of the U-shaped communication ballast tank 121, that is, the positions of the second-layer cylinder wall 113 and the third-layer cylinder wall 112 are determined, so that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity remains unchanged.

Since the above calculation is cumbersome, the method of "approximate coincidence" of the centroid of the projection on the horizontal plane can also be adopted, and its influence on the floating state of the platform is rather small. A convenient way to maintain "approximate coincidence" is to make the projected areas of the inner and outer vertical compartments of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane equal.

The straight-type floating platform 1 adopting the unequal mass flow rate replacement process, the draft of which is automatically adjusted according to the loading weight of the straight-type floating platform 1, usually does not need to provide a fixed ballast tank 119; its upright cylinder 110 The radial liquid storage unit 120 storing the same liquid storage should be symmetrically arranged in pairs and synchronously loaded and unloaded to ensure that the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is unchanged, and it is not necessary to consider that the radial liquid storage unit 120 is projected on a horizontal plane. Whether the position of the centroid remains the same.

In order to ensure that the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention maintains a positive floating state during the liquid storage loading and unloading operation, the longitudinal section and the cross-section of the upright cylinder 110 are vertically symmetrical, respectively, regardless of whether or not the equal mass flow rate is used. If the reservoir 122 of the straight floating platform 1 stores different kinds of liquids, the reservoirs 122 of the same reservoir should be symmetrically arranged in pairs.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of an upright cylinder of another embodiment of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. Considering the need to store a variety of liquid products, for example, the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention is used for oil field production and associated gas recovery, and its products include crude oil, LNG, LPG, condensate and oily sewage, some of which are liquids. The production of the float 100 of the present invention further includes a plurality of independent liquid storage units 124 that are symmetrically and vertically distributed with respect to the central axis of the upright cylinder 110.

The independent cylinder wall of the independent liquid storage unit 124 has a circular or quadrangular cross section, and the intersection of the center of the circular independent cylinder wall or the diagonal of the quadrilateral independent cylinder wall is located at the second layer of the cylinder wall 113 or the third layer of the cylinder wall. 112 is at the intersection with the radially watertight partition plate 115, and the quadrangular independent cylinder wall is symmetrical to the radial watertight partition plate 115. In another embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the diagonal intersection of the quadrilateral individual cylinder walls is the geometric intersection of the second layer of cylinder wall 113 or the third layer of cylinder wall 112 with the radially watertight dividing plate 115.

The independent liquid storage unit 124 is divided into two parts, the upper part is used as an independent liquid storage tank, and the lower part is used as an independent seawater ballast tank, and both are watertight structures.

As an implementable manner, the cross-section of each layer of the vertical structure has a circular or regular polygonal shape, and the cross-sectional shapes of the respective cylindrical walls may be the same or different from each other, that is, each The shape of the cross section of the wall of the layer In the case of a circular or regular polygon, it is also possible that the cross section of the partial cylinder wall has a circular shape, and the cross section of the other cylinder wall has a regular polygonal shape. Preferably, the number of sides of the regular polygon is even.

The cross-sectional shape of the first layer cylindrical wall 114, the second layer cylindrical wall 113, the third layer cylindrical wall 112, and the fourth layer cylindrical wall 111 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is a regular dodecagon shape. As shown in FIG. 3, in another embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first layer of the cylindrical wall 114 and the fourth layer of the cylindrical wall 111 is circular, and the cross-section of the second layer of the cylindrical wall 113 and the third layer of the cylindrical wall 112 is The shape is a regular dodecagonal shape.

The difference between the other embodiment in FIG. 3 and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 is as follows: 1. The shape of the cross section of the first layer of the cylinder wall 114 and the fourth layer of the cylinder wall 111 is different; The embodiment provides a plurality of independent liquid storage units 124. In addition to the above differences, another embodiment in FIG. 3 is the same as the other structures of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and the corresponding functions are also the same.

Preferably, the number of independent liquid storage units 124 in the floating body 100 is an even number.

As an implementable manner, the interior of the independent liquid storage unit 124 is provided with a support frame.

Inside the independent liquid storage unit 124, the structure of the second layer of the wall 113 or the third layer of the wall 112 and the radial watertight partition 115 is replaced by a corresponding supporting frame structure to prevent the interior from being divided into four closed areas. At the same time, the strength and rigidity of the upright cylinder 110 as a whole are ensured.

All liquid storage units use a mass or unequal mass flow rate replacement process such as ballast seawater and liquid storage. The radial liquid storage unit 120, which is replaced by an equal mass flow rate, maintains a constant or near-invariant plane position of the center of gravity during liquid storage and handling. Among them, the equal mass flow rate replacement process recommends “mass flow rate replacement process such as closed air pressure connected ballast seawater and liquid storage” (see Applicant's invention patents CN 101980917 B and US 8292546 B2) and “liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum Mass flow rate replacement process such as gas and ballast water (see Applicant's invention patents CN 102143885 B and US 8678711 B2).

As an implementable manner, the damper structure 130 is a skirt type damper structure; please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a partial cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the skirt type damper structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. The skirt type reduction structure 130 includes a circular or regular polygonal upright short cylinder wall 132 and an annular top plate 133.

The upright short cylinder wall 132 surrounds the lower portion of the outer cylinder wall (first layer cylinder wall 114) of the upright cylinder 110; the upright short cylinder wall 132 and the upright cylinder 110 are coaxial and the bottoms of the two are flush. Preferably, when the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall 132 is a regular polygon, the number of sides thereof is an even number.

The annular top plate 133 connects the top end of the upright short cylinder wall 132 with the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110 (the first layer cylinder wall 114).

As an implementable manner, the diameter of the upright short cylinder wall 132 is greater than or equal to 1.25 times the diameter of the first layer cylinder wall 114; the height of the upright short cylinder wall 132 is greater than or equal to 0.1 times the diameter of the first layer cylinder wall 114; Among them, erect The diameter of the short cylinder wall 132 is the diameter of the circular upright short cylinder wall 132 or the circumscribed circle diameter of the upright short cylinder wall 132 of the regular polygon, and the diameter of the first layer cylinder wall 114 is circular and the first layer of the cylinder wall 114 The diameter of the circumcircle of the first cylindrical wall 114 of the diameter or regular polygon; the specific values of the diameter and height of the upright short wall 132 are determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing. The hydrodynamic analysis and pool experiments mentioned in the present invention are prior art and will not be described herein.

The top end of the erect short wall 132 is located at a depth that is less affected by the wave action. In the South China Sea, the depth is usually 30 to 40 meters, which means that the draft level of the straight floating platform 1 is usually not less than 50 meters.

As an implementable manner, as shown in the first embodiment of the skirt reducing structure 130 of FIG. 4, the annular top plate 133 has the outer shape of the round table side or the prism side (conical skirt 131). The taper of the side of the truncated cone or the side of the slab of the annular top plate 133 should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing.

Or the annular top plate 133 is formed by combining the tapered skirt 131 and the horizontal plate; the skirt 131 is a side of the round table or the side of the prism connected to the outer cylinder wall of the vertical cylinder 110; the horizontal plate is connected to the top of the vertical short wall 132, please Referring to FIG. 5, it is a partial cross-sectional view of the second embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. The taper of the side of the truncated cone or the side of the slab of the skirt 131 should be hydrodynamic analysis and a pool. Test to determine. The second embodiment of the skirt type reduction structure differs from the first embodiment of the skirt type reduction structure only in that the form of the annular top plate 133 is different, and the other structures of the second embodiment and the first embodiment are The same, the corresponding functions are the same.

Or the annular top plate 133 is a horizontal plate. Please refer to FIG. 6 , which is a partial cross-sectional view of the third embodiment of the skirt type reducing structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. The third embodiment of the skirt type reduction structure differs from the first embodiment of the skirt type reduction structure only in that the form of the annular top plate 133 is different, and the other structures of the third embodiment and the first embodiment are different. The same, the corresponding functions are the same.

Preferably, a plurality of radial brackets and horizontal aggregates are symmetrically disposed inside the skirt reducing structure 130 to ensure structural strength and rigidity.

As an implementable manner, a plurality of symmetrically distributed orifices are provided on the upright short cylinder wall 132 and/or the annular top plate 133. Parameters such as shape, size and number of orifices are determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing. The large number of orifices can increase the motion damping of the straight floating platform 1, especially the viscous damping, reducing the adverse effects of current on the straight floating platform 1.

As an implementable manner, as shown in Figures 1, 4, 5 and 6, the floating body 100 further includes a fixed ballast tank wall 119 that surrounds the lower portion of the outer cylinder wall (first layer cylinder wall 114) of the upright cylinder 110. . The lower bottom plate 117 of the upright cylinder 110 is watertightly connected to the fixed ballast tank wall 119. The fixed ballast tank wall 119, the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110 (the first layer cylinder wall 114), the lower bottom plate 117 of the upright cylinder 110 and the annular top plate 133 enclose a fixed ballast tank 123. The fixed ballast tank wall 119 is coaxial with the upright cylinder 110; the cross section of the fixed ballast tank wall 119 is circular or positive Preferably, when the cross section of the fixed ballast tank wall 119 is a regular polygon, the number of sides thereof is an even number.

The fixed ballast tank wall 119 has a radial distance from the outer cylinder wall (the first layer cylinder wall 114) of the upright cylinder 110, and the radial distance is determined by the weight and volume of the fixed ballast required for the straight type floating platform 1. to make sure.

The straight type floating platform 1 adopting the equal mass flow rate replacement process has an increased ratio of the total volume of the upright cylinder 110 to the storage tank capacity. In order to ensure sufficient drafting depth and balance excess buoyancy, it is necessary to provide a fixed ballast tank. 123. The fixed ballast tank 123 uses a fixed ballast such as iron ore to increase the weight of the platform. In order to reduce the demand for fixed ballast of the straight floating platform 1 , the vertical cylinder 110 of the straight floating platform 1 should adopt a higher free side as much as possible while ensuring the overall performance of the floating body, especially stability; This will also reduce the impact of the waves on the platform.

Please refer to FIG. 7 , which is a partial cross-sectional view of the airfoil type damper structure of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. As another implementable manner, the damper structure 130 is a ring type damper structure. .

The ring-shaped attenuating structure 130 includes a U-shaped annular wing 134 having a U-shaped opening facing downward, surrounding the lower portion of the upright cylinder, the bottoms of which are flush with a common central axis. The ring 134 includes a circular or regular polygonal outer ring wall, a circular or regular polygonal inner ring wall, a ring top plate connecting the top of the inner and outer wall of the ring, and a plurality of inner walls of the ring A ring that is fixedly coupled to the first tubular wall 114 of the upright cylinder 110 radially connects the brackets. The bottom of the inner and outer cylinder walls of the airfoil is flush with the bottom of the vertical cylinder; a radial gap 135 is provided between the inner cylinder wall of the airfoil 134 and the outer cylinder wall (the first cylinder wall 114) of the vertical cylinder 110. .

As an implementable manner, the diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring is greater than or equal to 1.25 times the diameter of the first layer of the wall 114; the height of the outer wall of the outer ring is greater than or equal to 0.1 times the diameter of the first wall 114; The radial gap 135 is greater than or equal to 1.5 meters; wherein the diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring is the diameter of the circular outer ring wall of the ring or the diameter of the circumcircle of the outer wall of the outer ring of the regular polygon, the first layer of the wall 114 The diameter of the circular first cylindrical wall 114 or the circumscribed circle diameter of the first layer of the cylindrical wall 114 of the regular polygon. The specific values of the diameter and height of the outer wall of the ring and the radial clearance should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing. The outer shape of the ring top plate is a round table side or a prism side; or the ring top plate is connected to the top of the circular table or the side of the prism and connected to the top of the outer wall of the ring The horizontal plates are combined; or the annular top plate is a horizontal plate.

As an implementable method, a plurality of symmetrically distributed ring-shaped damping holes are arranged on the outer wall of the ring and/or the horizontal top plate of the ring; the shape, size and number of the ring-shaped damping holes are determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool Test to determine.

As another implementable manner, the fixed ballast compartment 123 of the floating body 100 may also be disposed at the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped communication ballast compartment 121.

Since the straight floating platform 1 draws deeper, the mitigating structure 130 is submerged in the depth of the water where the waves are less affected, thereby greatly reducing the floating body 100, especially the wave load acting directly on the damper structure 130. Due to the reduction structure The horizontal scale of 130 is large and the height is high, thus greatly increasing the degrees of freedom of the straight-type floating platform 1, especially the water quality and motion damping of the heave and roll, the direction of the pitch, and the increase of each platform. The natural period of freedom greatly reduces the motion response of the platform to the waves, ultimately reducing the motion of the straight floating platform 1. The plurality of damped holes in the skirt reducing structure 130 can further improve the kinetic performance of the floating body. The floating body performance of the direct-type floating platform of the present invention, especially the hydrodynamic performance, is superior to the current SPAR platform, which creates conditions for installing a dry wellhead and overcoming the sloshing that may occur in the platform for storing LNG.

The straight-type floating platform 1 is a steel structure platform, which can be constructed in the same or similar way as the steel ship. The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is constructed using the same construction method as the current ship-shaped FPSO. After the construction is completed, it is wet to the oil and gas field. Install at sea. Since the planar scale of the damper structure 130 is large, a dock having an excessively large width is required, which inevitably limits the choice of the construction site. To this end, reference may be made to the method of "a ring-type floating platform" (PCT/CN 2014/071121), using a partial return type damping structure 130, that is, along the left and right sides of the upright cylinder 110, The structure 130 is broken by two imaginary vertical parallel planes, so that the deceleration structure 130 forms four segments: the two segments are fixed segments, and the left and right sides are two return segments; The return type segment is constructed separately from the other structures of the straight floating platform 1, and the two return-type segments are transported to the offshore site and then connected to the upright cylinder 110 of the platform and the fixed segment.

As an implementable manner, the central region 125 surrounded by the fourth layer of the cylindrical wall 111 is a moonpool that penetrates up and down, a pumping chamber that is closed and closed by water, a space compartment (SHAFT), or a central liquid storage unit that is sealed by water. If used in the floating wellhead storage and offloading device FWSO and the floating production drilling and storage device FPDSO, as shown in Figure 1, the central zone 125 is a vertically connected moonpool, which is mainly used for placing casings for drilling and platform wellheads and Tensioning facilities such as heave compensators, air caps (AIR CAP), etc. If used for FPSO and FLNG, the central zone 125 is a pump, empty (SHAFT) or central storage unit. The pump chamber and the empty cabin are double-layered bottom structure. The central liquid storage unit is divided into two parts. The upper part is used as the central storage tank and the lower part is used as the central seawater ballast tank. It is also a double bottom structure. The double bottom structure ensures safety and avoids environmental pollution.

In the present specification, the cross-section of each layer of the vertical structure, the vertical short wall 132 of the damper structure 130, the fixed ballast tank wall 119, and the independent wall of the independent liquid storage unit are circular, and the radius thereof Or the diameter refers to a radius or diameter of a circle; the cross-section of each layer of the vertical structure, the upright short wall 132 of the damper structure 130, the fixed ballast tank wall 119, and the independent wall of the independent liquid storage unit are A regular polygon whose radius or diameter refers to the radius or diameter of the circumcircle of the regular polygon.

The straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention has a wide range of uses: it can be used for drilling and post-drilling extended testing and trial production of oil and gas field exploration and development, and also for oil and gas field development and production of oil production, gas production, crude oil production and natural gas production, Liquefaction, re-vaporization, sewage treatment, especially adapted to deep water and harsh sea conditions.

The straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention can form various forms of deep-water floating platforms: a ballast seawater and a liquid storage unequal mass flow rate replacement process, and the central area 125 is a central liquid storage unit, a pump room or a empty tank. According to the different facilities, it can be a floating platform with different functions: the installation of natural gas production, processing and liquefaction facilities is FLNG. The mass flow rate replacement process such as ballast seawater and liquid storage is adopted. The central area 125 of the straight floating platform 1 is a moon pool. According to different upper facilities, it can be a floating platform with different functions: except FPSO, FPDSO, In addition to FLNG, the most important thing is to install a dry wellhead. At the same time, one or several of the oil and gas production facilities, drilling rigs and LNG facilities are installed, which becomes a floating wellhead storage and offloading device FWSO with different functions. Replace the existing SPAR platform + submarine pipeline + FPSO or FLNG oilfield or gas field development model.

The straight-type floating platform of the invention provides a new ground facility and development mode for the exploration, development and production of deep-water oil and gas fields, and can meet the various requirements required for the development and production of deep-water oil fields and gas fields, integrating drilling, oil recovery, oil and gas production, It integrates various functions such as storage and transportation, sewage treatment, natural gas liquefaction and regasification; the system is environmentally friendly, safe and reliable; the entire platform can complete all construction and commissioning work at the shipyard, greatly saving construction costs and production operations of oil and gas field ground facilities. Fees and disposal fees.

Referring to FIG. 1a, the present invention also proposes another straight-type floating platform 1, including a floating body 100, an upper installation 200, and a positioning system 300. The straight-type floating platform 1 is used for drilling, oil and gas production, natural gas liquefaction and regasification, natural gas chemical and liquid storage, and oily wastewater treatment in the exploration and development of offshore oil and gas fields.

The upper facility 200 is disposed at the top of the floating body 100, which includes one or more of drilling, wellhead, oil and gas production, natural gas liquefaction, natural gas regasification, and utilities and living facilities. The floating body 100 floats on the sea surface; the positioning system 300 is disposed at a lower portion of the floating body 100, and the floating body 100 is moored to the seabed by the positioning system 300 or positioned within a range defined by the water surface 2. The positioning system 300 includes a mooring leg system or a dynamic positioning system that moor the floating body 100 on the seabed, or a combination of both.

The floating body 100 includes an upright cylinder 110 and a damper structure 130 surrounding the lower periphery of the outer wall of the upright cylinder 110. The upright cylinder 110 comprises a single cylinder upright cylinder (as shown in Fig. 1a) or a multi-cylinder upright cylinder composed of at least two cylinders; the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder upright cylinder has a circular or regular polygonal cross section ( Referring to Figures 2 and 3); the cylinders of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder are arranged in a circular or a plurality of concentric circles, and the outer walls of the adjacent cylinders are tangent to each other and closely fit to form a honeycomb shape, which is multi-circular. A center cylinder may or may not be provided at the center of the upright cylinder.

The mitigation structure 130 is located in the deep water and is less affected by the waves. The damper structure 130 is a skirt type damper structure or a ring type damper structure. Referring to FIG. 1a, FIG. 4a, FIG. 5a, and FIG. 6a, the skirt type reducing structure includes an upright short cylinder wall 132 and an annular plate 137 surrounding the lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110, and the skirt type reducing structure Ring plate 137 The inner and outer edges are joined to the outer side of the upright barrel 110 and the top of the upright short barrel wall 132, respectively.

Referring to Figures 7a, 7b and 8, the airfoil type damper structure includes an upright short cylinder wall 132 (i.e., the outer ring wall of the embodiment of Fig. 7), a ring annular plate 138, and a setting An upright guide tube wall 136 between the upright barrel 110 and the upright short barrel wall 132; an annular radial gap 135 is formed between the upright guide tube wall 136 and the upright barrel 110, and the upright guide tube wall 136 And the upright cylinder 110 is connected by a plurality of radially arranged brackets.

Referring to Figures 7a and 7b, the inner and outer edges of the annular annular plate 138 are respectively coupled to the top of the upright draft tube wall 136 and the top of the upright short barrel wall 132 to form a downward U-shaped radial section (Fig. The upright draft tube wall 136 in 7b is the inner ring wall of the embodiment of Fig. 7; or, referring to Fig. 8, the inner and outer edges of the annular ring plate 138 are respectively associated with the bottom of the upright draft tube wall 136 Connected to the bottom of the upright short cylinder wall 132 to form a U-shaped radial section with the opening upward. The height of the upright draft tube wall 136 is greater than or equal to the height of the upright short tube wall 132, which is a truncated cone or ribbed side that tapers upward or downward, or is a cylindrical surface.

As an implementable manner, the upright guide tube wall 136 of the annular wing reduction structure preferably has a truncated cone surface that is tapered downward (ie, the upper port has a large diameter and the lower port has a small diameter), or alternatively, the upright guide. The flow tube wall 136 adopts a cylindrical surface having the same upper diameter and lower diameter, or again, the vertical guide tube wall 136 adopts a truncated cone surface which is tapered upward (i.e., the upper opening diameter is small and the lower opening diameter is large).

As an implementable manner, the upright short cylinder wall 132, the upright draft tube wall 136 and the upright cylinder 110 of the mitigation structure 130 have a common central axis and the bottoms of the three are flush; the erect short cylinder wall 132 is transverse The section is a circle or a regular polygon. As an implementable manner, the scale of the damper structure 130 needs to be large enough, wherein the height of the erected short cylinder wall 132 is greater than or equal to the circular diameter of the cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder or the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon 0.1 times the diameter, or the height of the upright short cylinder wall 132 is greater than or equal to 0.1 times the outer diameter of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder. The circular diameter of the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall 132 or the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the diameter of the circular cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder or the diameter of the circumcircle of the regular polygon, or the upright short cylinder wall 132 The diameter of the circle of the cross section or the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the diameter of the outer circle of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder. When the upright cylinder 110 is a single-tube upright cylinder having a circular cross section and the vertical guide tube wall 136 is a cylindrical surface, between the vertical guide tube wall 136 of the annular wing reduction structure and the upright cylinder 110 The radial gap 135 is constant; when the upright draft tube wall 136 and the upright barrel 110 are in other configurations, the value of the radial gap 135 varies. As an implementable manner, the minimum value of the radial gap 135 is greater than or equal to 0.3 meters. As an implementable manner, the annular plate 137 of the skirt type reduction structure and the annular plate 137 of the U-shaped radial section airfoil type reduction structure with the opening downward are both horizontal annular plates or tapered faces that are tapered upward. a combination of an annular plate or both (a horizontal annular plate and a tapered annular plate), 4a, 5a, 6a respectively show that the annular plate 137 of the skirt type reduction structure is a combination of a tapered annular plate, a horizontal annular plate and a tapered annular plate, a horizontal annular plate; a U-shaped radial section ring with an upward opening The annular plate 137 of the reduced structure is a horizontal annular plate, see Figure 8. As an implementable manner, the annular plate 137 of the skirt-reducing structure is preferably a tapered annular plate; the annular annular plate 138 of the annular wing-reducing structure is preferably a horizontal annular plate or a tapered annular plate.

In order to further improve the hydrodynamic performance of the platform of the present invention, the motion damping is increased, as an implementable manner, on the upright short wall 132 and/or the annular plate 137 of the skirt type reduction structure, or in the ring type A plurality of symmetrically distributed orifices are provided in the upright short cylinder wall 132 and/or the annular annular plate 138 of the structure. Through theoretical analysis calculations and necessary model tests, optimization design is an important way to improve the kinematic performance of the platform; in particular, the circular diameter of the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall 132, and the circumscribed circle diameter of the regular polygon of the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall 132. The circular diameter of the cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder, the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon of the cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder, the outer diameter of the multi-cylinder straight cylinder, the height of the vertical short cylinder wall 132, and The specific design value of the radial clearance 135, the taper on the side of the trombone or the side of the prism, and the shape, size and number of the orifice should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool model tests. The pool model test is prior art and will not be described here.

Preferably, a plurality of radial brackets and horizontal aggregates are symmetrically disposed inside the damping structure 130 to ensure structural strength and rigidity; wherein the radial brackets and annular gaps inside the annular wing reducing structure The brackets 135 for connecting the upright draft tube wall 136 and the upright barrel 110 are a unitary member.

The ring-shaped damper structure of the present invention is an improvement and optimization of the form of the ring structure of the aforementioned concept 6, mainly as follows: 1) The ring of the present invention has a U-shaped opening with a radial cross section in addition to the concept of retention 6 The annular plate 137 is in the form of a horizontal plate structure at the top of the ring wing, and the cone plate structure and its two combined structures are added, in order to increase the quality of the attached water, but the force of the wave directly acting on the annular plate is increased. It is as small as possible. At the same time, the invention increases the U-shaped radial section with the opening upwards, and the annular annular plate 138 is a structural form of the horizontal plate at the bottom, so that the horizontal annular plate is less than the load of the water, and the load directly affected by the wave is inevitably smaller than the load. Concept 6; when the draught is not very deep, the difference between the above loads is particularly obvious. 2) The pitch value of the annular radial gap 135 of concept 6 is relatively large (usually 1.5 to 2 meters), which improves the concept 5 spacing too small (minimum 0.3 m), which is not conducive to the downward deflection of the water point of the wave downward diffraction. The disadvantage of diffracting wave loads, however, a larger gap will result in a reduction in the quality of the attached water. To this end, the present invention has the inner side upright short cylinder wall of the above-mentioned ring wing (the equal diameter circular cylinder wall, the height is equal to the outer vertical short cylinder wall) is changed to the vertical guide tube wall 136, and has three structural forms, preferably The truncated cone surface or the ribbed side surface which is tapered downward (i.e., the upper port diameter is large and the lower port diameter is small) is not less than the height of the upright short cylinder wall 132.

The skirt type damper structure and the ring type damper structure of the present invention are characterized in that: 1) the skirt type damper structure is directly connected with the floating platform upright cylinder 110, and there is no annular radial gap between the two, the advantage is Simple structure; the downside is The water quality point of the downward diffraction of the wave is not there, but through the cone or the side of the prism, the flow can be deflected downward and partially overcome the shortcomings. 2) The water body enclosed by the skirt type reducing structure is large, and the quality of the attached water is larger than that of the ring-shaped reducing structure, so the natural period of the floating platform is increased, which is beneficial to the improvement of the sports performance.

As an implementable manner, as shown in Fig. 4a, the outer shape of the annular plate 137 is the side of the truncated cone or the side of the slab. The taper of the side of the trombone or the side of the slab of the annular plate 137 should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing.

Or, as shown in FIG. 5a, the annular plate 137 is composed of a combination of a tapered plate and a horizontal plate; the tapered plate is a side of the circular table or a side of the prism that is connected to the outer wall of the vertical cylinder 110, and the horizontal plate is connected to the vertical short wall 132. At the top, the taper of the side of the truncated cone or the side of the slab should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing. 4a differs from FIG. 5a only in that the form of the annular plate 137 is different, and other structures are the same, and the corresponding functions are also the same.

Or see Figure 6a, the annular plate 137 is a horizontal plate. The difference between FIG. 6a and FIG. 4a is only that the form of the annular plate 137 is different, and other structures are the same, and the corresponding functions are also the same.

Referring to Figures 7a, 7b and 8, as described above, the annular plate 137 implementing the ring-shaped damper structure has three forms at the top of the ring, and the ring-shaped annular plate 138 has a form at the bottom of the ring. The upright guide tube wall 136 of the wing-type damper structure has three structural forms; accordingly, there are a total of twelve implementable ways of the inventive wing-type damper structure. Only three possible embodiments are described below as representative.

As an implementable manner, the annular annular plate 138 connecting the top of the vertical short cylinder wall 132 and the top of the vertical draft tube wall 136 is a horizontal plate, and the vertical guide tube wall 136 has a large upper diameter and a small lower diameter. The truncated cone surface (shown in Figure 7a) has the same height as the upright short cylinder wall 132. The minimum gap between the upper outlet of the upright draft tube wall 136 and the upright cylinder 110 is 1.5 meters, and the vertical guide tube wall 136 is below. The minimum gap between the mouth and the upright cylinder 110 is 0.3 meters.

As an implementable manner, the annular annular plate 138 connecting the bottom of the vertical short cylinder wall 132 and the bottom of the vertical draft tube wall 136 is a horizontal plate, and the vertical guide tube wall 136 has a large diameter of the upper opening and a small diameter of the lower opening. The truncated cone surface (shown in FIG. 8) has a height of 100% to 120% of the height of the upright short cylinder wall 132, and the minimum gap between the upper opening of the vertical draft tube wall 136 and the upright cylinder 110 is 1.5 meters, standing upright. The minimum gap between the lower opening of the draft tube wall 136 and the upright cylinder 110 is 0.3 meters.

As an implementable manner, the annular annular plate 138 connecting the top of the upright short cylinder wall 132 and the top of the vertical draft tube wall 136 is a truncated cone panel, and the upright draft tube wall 136 is an equal diameter circular cylinder wall and its height. Above the height of the upright short cylinder wall 132, the minimum gap between the upright draft tube wall 136 and the upright cylinder 110 is 1 meter (see Figure 7b).

The existing cylindrical FPSO applied to the Brazilian sea has a problem of VIM-Vortex Induced Motion due to the Brazilian current. In fact, wind or current acts on the back upright The cylinder will generate eddy currents on its leeward or backflow side, causing the cylinder to vibrate in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the flow direction. In this regard, the industry has had a successful countermeasure: changing the local flow field, reducing or overcoming the eddy current. For example, in steel chimneys, petrochemical towers such as fractionation columns and cylinders of offshore SPAR platforms are provided with multi-head helical vortex side plates. Several concepts of the existing straight-type floating platform for liquid storage, such as cylindrical FPSO, have not solved this problem. This is because the brim or damper plate at the bottom of the cylinder is part of the bottom seawater ballast tank, so that the vortex side plate cannot be connected to the water body at the bottom of the floating body, and the downward diversion cannot be achieved.

As an implementable manner, referring to FIG. 1c, the present invention is on the outer side of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110 and the outer side of the upright short cylinder wall 132, and the tapered annular plate (the tapered annular plate 137). Or a plurality of spiral vortex side plates respectively disposed on the upwardly facing side of the tapered annular ring plate 138); the multi-head spiral vortex side plates located outside the outer wall of the vertical cylindrical body 110 extend downward from at least 1 meter above the water surface And penetrating the lowering structure 130 until extending to the bottom of the upright cylinder 110; the multi-headed spiral vortex side panel outside the upright short cylinder wall 132 extends from the top to the bottom. All members of the damper structure 130, such as an annular plate 137 or a ring-shaped annular plate 138, an upright guide tube wall 136 of the annular wing-reducing structure, and a radially connected bracket connected to the outside of the cylindrical wall of the upright barrel 110 , shall not be in contact with the side plates of the side of the multi-head spiral vortex side plate, and maintain a spacing of at least 0.3 m; the inner side of the multi-head spiral vortex side plate is welded on the outer side of the vertical cylinder 110 wall, and the multi-head spiral vortex side plate The outer side can be attached to the member of the damper structure, but the sides of the multi-headed spiral vortex side panel are spaced from all of the members. In other words, if the above-mentioned member and the multi-headed spiral vortex side plate cross on the trajectory, the members must be partially broken at the intersection, which is a "way" for the multi-head spiral vortex side plate.

Preferably, the spiral spiral vortex side plates on the outer side of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder 110 and the multi-head spiral vortex side plates on the outer side of the upright short cylinder wall 132 have opposite spiral directions. The technical parameters and quantities of the multi-head spiral vortex side plates are determined by calculation analysis and pool test. Since the multi-head spiral vortex side plate is a mature technology widely used, it will not be described in detail here.

The damper structure 130 is used to reduce platform motion and ensure excellent hydrodynamic performance. The mitigation structure 130 is located at a water depth where the influence of the waves is small. In the South China Sea and the Gulf of Mexico, the water depth is usually not less than 30 meters, which means that the draft of the straight floating platform 1 is usually about 50 meters. It is to minimize the wave acting directly on the large-scale damper structure load. Since the horizontal scale of the damper structure 130 is large and the height is high, the degrees of freedom of the straight-type floating platform 1 are greatly increased, especially the water quality and motion damping of the swaying and rolling, pitching directions, The inherent period of each degree of freedom of the platform is increased, the motion response of the platform to the waves is greatly reduced, and the movement of the straight floating platform 1 is finally reduced. The large number of damped holes in the skirt-type damper structure can further improve the kinetic performance of the pontoon. The invention adopts a multi-head spiral vortex side plate, which effectively solves the problem of VIM-Vortex Induced Motion caused by the current vortex. The floating body performance of the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention, especially the hydrodynamic performance, is superior to the current SPAR platform, and may occur for installing a dry wellhead and overcoming the platform for storing LNG. The sloshing created the conditions.

As described above, the upright cylinder 110 of the present invention comprises a single cylinder upright cylinder and a multi-cylinder upright cylinder; wherein the multi-cylinder upright cylinder adopts the technical solution described in Concept 6, which is not repeated here; the single cylinder straight cylinder The body is different from the technical solution described in Concept 6, and the key points are as follows:

Unless otherwise stated, the description of the structure of the upright cylinder 110 in the present specification and claims is narrowly defined as a description of the structure of the single cylinder upright cylinder.

The single cylinder upright cylinder (narrowed upright cylinder 110) comprises a vertical structure and a horizontal structure; preferably a steel structure. The vertical structure is separated from the horizontal structure to form a plurality of radial liquid storage units 120 and/or functional compartments. The fixed ballast compartments 123 shown in Figures 1, 1a, 1b and 1c are one type of functional compartment; The radial liquid storage unit 120 includes a U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 and a liquid storage tank 122; the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 includes an inner vertical tank, an outer vertical tank, and a horizontal connection to the inner and outer vertical tank bottoms. a bottom compartment, and a duct connecting the tops of the upper ends of the inner and outer vertical tanks; a reservoir 122 is located between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment and above the horizontal hopper.

As an implementable manner, in order to reduce the damage of the damaged cabin calculated to improve the damage stability of the floating body, as shown in FIG. 1a, the horizontal bottom compartment is provided with a U-shaped The isolated vertical bulkhead 126 separated by the seawater ballast tank, and the lower part of the isolated vertical bulkhead 126 is provided with a remote isolation valve (not shown in Figure 1a); under normal conditions, the remote isolation valve is opened and the U-shaped seawater ballast tank becomes a connected seawater ballast tank; the remote isolation valve is closed when the risk of damage occurs, and the U-shaped seawater ballast tank is divided into an outer seawater ballast tank and an inner seawater ballast tank; if it can meet the requirements of damage stability Alternatively, the isolated straight bulkhead 126 may not be provided to directly connect the inner and outer vertical tanks to form a large U-shaped seawater ballast tank, as shown in FIG.

The storage tank 122 can store one or more of crude oil, oily sewage, LNG, LPG, condensate or other industrial liquid products, and the structure and construction of the bulkhead of the storage tank 122 needs to be adapted to the stored liquid. For example, the bulkhead structure of a storage tank in which LNG is stored should be provided with a corresponding containment system, such as a GTT or SPB type containment system.

The straight type floating platform 1 of the invention can form various forms of deep water floating platform: the ballast sea water and the liquid storage unequal mass flow rate replacement process, the straight type floating platform 1 can be used as FPSO, FLNG; The mass flow rate replacement process such as seawater and liquid storage, the platform of the present invention can be used as FPDSO in addition to FPSO and FLNG, and the most important thing is to install a dry wellhead to become a floating wellhead storage and discharge device (FWSO-FLOATING WELLHEAD) STORAGE OFFLOADING), one or several of the oil and gas wellhead, production facilities, drilling rig and natural gas liquefaction facility (LNG) may be separately installed on the FWSO as needed.

Preferably, the distance between the top of the upright cylinder 110 and the water surface 2 (the freeboard) is as high as possible. It can reduce the impact of the upper waves on the straight floating platform 1.

The radial watertight partition plate 115 sequentially connects the wall walls of the layers in a watertight manner in sequence, that is, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer wall are sequentially watertightly connected. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, six (representative plurality) radial watertight partition plates 115 are provided. According to the design of structural strength and rigidity, a radial structural frame may be disposed between two adjacent radial watertight partition plates 115, and six (representative plurality) radial structural frames are disposed in the embodiment shown in FIG.

The horizontal structure includes an upper top plate 116, an annular intermediate bottom plate 118, and a lower bottom plate 117. The upper top plate 116 is watertightly joined to the top of the vertical structure and overlies the area enclosed by the first tubular wall 114. The lower floor 117 is watertightly connected to the bottom of the vertical structure and covers the area enclosed by the first layer of the wall 114. The annular intermediate bottom plate 118 is located between the upper top plate 116 and the lower bottom plate 117 and adjacent to the lower bottom plate 117, and is watertightly connected to the second layer of the cylindrical wall 113 and the third layer of the cylindrical wall 112. The second layer of the cylindrical wall 113 between the annular intermediate bottom plate 118 and the lower bottom plate 117 and the third layer of the cylindrical wall 112 are evenly distributed with a plurality of U-shaped seawater ballast tank communication holes (not shown in the drawings), preferably U The shape of the connecting hole of the seawater ballast tank is rectangular.

Adjacent two radial watertight partition plates 115, first layer wall 114, second layer wall 113, third layer wall 112, fourth layer wall 111, upper top plate 116, lower bottom plate 117 and ring The intermediate bottom plate 118 encloses a U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121.

The area indicated by the hatching in Fig. 2 is one of the radial liquid storage units 120, and the two hatched sections of the same slope indicate the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121, which respectively indicate the inner vertical compartment and the outer side of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121. In the vertical compartment, the inner and outer vertical compartments are connected as a whole through the horizontal sump of the bottom; the other section of the different slopes represents the reservoir 122 between the inner and outer vertical compartments.

As shown in Fig. 1, the components in the vertical structure are vertically arranged, and the components in the horizontal structure are horizontally arranged. According to the design of structural strength and rigidity, a plurality of horizontal structural frames and a plurality of radial structural frames may be disposed in the middle of each layer of the cylindrical wall; under the upper top plate 116 and the annular intermediate bottom plate 118, and above the lower bottom plate 117 Can be set Set up a strong structure. It can be seen that the liquid storage tank 122 of the present invention is surrounded by the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 from the outside, the inner side and the bottom portion to form a double-shell double bottom structure similar to the oil tank to ensure the safety of the structure and greatly reduce the liquid storage. The probability of environmental pollution caused by cabin damage.

The equal mass flow rate replacement process is the basic condition for ensuring that the straight floating platform 1 maintains the draft of the draft during the liquid storage and unloading process; the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is maintained during the process of liquid storage loading and unloading. It is also very important. In order to facilitate the operation of the liquid storage and loading, the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is kept unchanged or approximately constant, and it is necessary to ensure that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity of each radial liquid storage unit 120 remains unchanged during the loading and unloading process. Approximately unchanged. Thus, even if only one of the radial liquid storage units 120 is unloaded, the straight floating platform 1 does not roll. As an implementable manner, the combined centroid (geometric center) projected by the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane coincides with the centroid projected by the reservoir 122 on the horizontal plane; or The combined centroid of the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 projected on the horizontal plane deviates from the centroid projected by the reservoir 122 on the horizontal plane (two centroids "approximate coincidence"), two centroids The deviation distance between them is less than or equal to 5% of the radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall 114; wherein the first layer of the cylinder wall 114 has a radius of a circular first layer of the cylindrical wall 114 or a first layer of the regular polygonal wall The radius of the circumcircle of 114.

It is ensured that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity of each radial liquid storage unit 120 during loading and unloading remains unchanged, and the calculation method is as follows: a combination of projections of the inner and outer vertical chambers of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane is listed. The centroid calculation formula, and the centroid calculation formula of the projection of the liquid storage tank 122 between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment on the horizontal plane, the equation is solved on the condition that the two centroids coincide. According to the calculation result, the U-shaped inner inner cylinder walls of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121, that is, the positions of the second layer cylinder wall 113 and the third layer cylinder wall 112 are determined, so that the horizontal projection position of the center of gravity remains unchanged.

Since the above calculation is cumbersome, the method of "approximate coincidence" of the centroid of the projection on the horizontal plane can also be adopted, and its influence on the floating state of the platform is rather small. A convenient way to maintain "approximate coincidence" is to make the projected areas of the inner and outer vertical compartments of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank 121 on the horizontal plane equal.

The straight-type floating platform 1 adopting the unequal mass flow rate replacement process, the draft of the draft will be automatically adjusted according to the loading weight of the straight-type floating platform 1, and generally does not need to provide a fixed ballast tank 123; its upright cylinder 110 The radial liquid storage unit 120 storing the same liquid storage should be symmetrically arranged in pairs and synchronously loaded and unloaded to ensure that the floating state of the straight floating platform 1 is unchanged, and it is not necessary to consider that the radial liquid storage unit 120 is projected on a horizontal plane. Whether the position of the centroid remains the same.

In order to ensure that the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention maintains a positive floating state during the liquid storage loading and unloading operation, the longitudinal section and the cross-section of the upright cylinder 110 are vertically symmetrical, respectively, regardless of whether or not the equal mass flow rate is used. ; If the reservoir 122 of the straight floating platform 1 stores different types of liquid, the reservoirs 122 of the same reservoir should be symmetrically arranged in pairs.

It should be noted that the vertical structure of the upright cylinder 110 of the present invention may not be limited to the four-layer cylinder walls 111-114 and the radial watertight partition plate 115, and the horizontal structure may not be limited to the upper roof plate 116, The lower bottom plate 117 and the annular intermediate bottom plate, and are not limited to the radial liquid storage unit composed of them; the other forms of the vertical structure and the horizontal structure of the vertical cylindrical body 110 in the single cylinder can be configured into a plurality of functional compartments as needed.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view of a single cylinder upright cylinder of another embodiment of the straight type floating platform of the present invention. Considering the need to store a variety of liquid products, for example, the straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention is used for oil field production and associated gas recovery, and its products include crude oil, LNG, LPG, condensate and oily sewage, some of which are liquids. The single-tube upright cylinder of the present invention further includes a plurality of independent liquid storage units 124 that are symmetrically and vertically distributed with respect to the central axis of the upright cylinder 110, which is one of the functional compartments of the present invention.

As an implementable manner, the cross-section of each layer of the vertical structure has a circular or regular polygonal shape, and the cross-sectional shapes of the respective cylindrical walls may be the same or different from each other, that is, each The cross-section of the wall of the layer is circular or regular polygonal, and the cross-section of the partial wall may be circular, and the cross-section of the other walls may be a regular polygon. Preferably, the number of sides of the regular polygon is even.

As an implementable manner, the central zone 125 surrounded by the fourth layer of the cylinder wall 111 is a moonpool that penetrates up and down, or a pumping chamber that is closed and closed by water, or a shaft or a central reservoir that is sealed by water and water. unit. If used in the floating wellhead storage and offloading device FWSO and the floating production drilling and storage device FPDSO, as shown in Figure 1, the central zone 125 is a vertically connected moonpool, which is mainly used for placing casings for drilling and platform wellheads and Tensioning devices such as heave compensators, air caps, etc. If used for FPSO and FLNG, the central zone 125 is a machine pump compartment, a shaft or a central storage unit. The pump chamber and the empty cabin are double-layered bottom structure. The central liquid storage unit is divided into two parts. The upper part is used as the central storage tank and the lower part is used as the central seawater ballast tank. It is also a double bottom structure. The double bottom structure ensures safety and avoids environmental pollution.

Different from the independent liquid storage unit, the top plate 116 and the lower bottom plate 117 are the top plate and the bottom plate. As an implementable manner, as shown in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1b, FIG. 1c, FIG. 4a, FIG. 5a and FIG. The body 110 also includes a fixed ballast compartment 123 disposed at the bottom of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank. As one of the functional cabins of the present invention, the fixed ballast tank 123 can utilize a portion of the tank bottom of the inner vertical tank of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank, a portion of the tank at the bottom of the outer vertical tank, and a portion disposed at the bottom of the horizontal tank. At least one of the tanks is directly placed with a fixed ballast which doubles as a fixed ballast tank; or preferably, as shown in Figure 1b, the part of the tank is separated into a dedicated fixed ballast tank, ie A laminated carrier horizontal plate structure needs to be further disposed at an appropriate height above the lower floor 117, and a ballast tank vertical plate structure connecting the lower bottom plate 117 is disposed at a periphery of the ballast tank horizontal plate structure to form a watertight functional compartment, that is, fixed Ballast tank.

Similarly, as another implementable solution, another horizontal plate structure is further disposed at an appropriate height below the upper top plate 116, and a watertight vertical plate structure connecting the upper top plate 116 is disposed at the periphery of the horizontal plate structure (none of the figures) Show), Another watertight functional compartment is formed that can be used as a small utility bay, such as a diesel cabin, a freshwater tank, and the like.

The straight-type floating platform 1 is a steel structure platform, which can be constructed in the same or similar way as the steel ship. The embodiment shown in Figure 1 is constructed in the same construction method as the current ship-shaped FPSO, and the floating body and upper facilities are all in the dock. After construction, the construction is completed and wet to the oil and gas field site for offshore installation. Since the planar dimension of the damper structure 130 is large, if it is chosen to be built in the dock, a dock with an oversized width is required, which necessarily limits the choice of the construction site. To this end, reference may be made to the method described in "A Ring-Floating Floating Platform" (PCT/CN 2014/071121), using a partial return-type damper structure 130, ie along the left and right sides of the upright cylinder 110, The mitigating structure 130 is disconnected by two imaginary vertical parallel planes, so that the mitigating structure 130 forms four segments: 艏艉 two segments are fixed segments, and two left and right sides are two return segments; The two return-type sections are constructed separately from the other structures of the straight-type floating platform 1, and the two return-type sections are transported to the offshore site and then connected to the upright cylinder 110 of the platform and the fixed section.

In the present specification, the wall of each layer of the vertical structure, the upright short wall 132 of the damper structure 130, and the independent wall of the independent liquid storage unit are circular in cross section, and the radius or diameter refers to a radius of a circle. Or the diameter; the wall of each layer of the vertical structure, the upright short wall 132 of the abatement structure 130, and the independent wall of the independent liquid storage unit have a regular polygon whose radius or diameter refers to the radius of the circumcircle of the regular polygon. Or diameter.

The straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention has a wide range of uses: it can be used for drilling and post-drilling extended testing and trial production of oil and gas field exploration and development, and also for oil and gas field development and production of oil production, gas production, crude oil production and natural gas production, Liquefaction, re-vaporization, sewage treatment, can also be used for offshore construction operations support and personnel residence, especially for deep water and harsh sea conditions.

The straight-type floating platform 1 of the present invention can form various forms of deep-water floating platforms: a ballast seawater and a liquid storage unequal mass flow rate replacement process, and the central area 125 is a central liquid storage unit, a pump room or a empty tank. According to the different facilities, it can be a floating platform with different functions: the installation of natural gas production, processing and liquefaction facilities is FLNG. The mass flow rate replacement process such as ballast seawater and liquid storage is adopted. The central area 125 of the straight floating platform 1 is a moon pool. According to different upper facilities, it can be a floating platform with different functions: except for FPSO (no need for monthly) In addition to the pool), FPDSO, and FLNG, the most important thing is to install a dry wellhead. At the same time, one or several of the oil and gas production facilities, drilling rigs, and LNG facilities are installed, which becomes a floating wellhead reservoir with different functions. Unloading device FWSO, can replace the current SPAR platform + submarine pipeline + FPSO or FLNG oilfield or gas field development model; can also be used as offshore support platform, such as living platform.

The detailed description of the various embodiments described above is intended to be illustrative of the present invention in order to provide a better understanding of the present invention, but these descriptions are not to be construed as limiting the invention, in particular, The various features described in the embodiments can also be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments, which are to be understood as being applicable to any one embodiment, and are not limited to the described embodiments. the way.

Claims

A straight type floating platform comprising a floating body, an upper facility and a positioning system, the upper facility being disposed at a top of the floating body, the floating body being moored to the seabed or positioned on the water surface by the positioning system;

The floating body includes an upright cylinder including a vertical structure and a horizontal structure; the vertical structure is separated from the horizontal structure to form a plurality of radial liquid storage units; each of the radial liquid storage units Includes a U-shaped connected ballast tank and a storage tank;

The U-shaped communication ballast tank includes an inner vertical compartment, an outer vertical compartment, and a horizontal hopper that connects the bottoms of the inner and outer vertical compartments, and a duct connecting the tops of the upper ends of the inner and outer vertical compartments; The liquid storage tank is located between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment and is located above the horizontal bottom compartment;

The float also includes a damper structure that surrounds a lower portion of the outer barrel wall of the upright barrel.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 1, wherein the vertical structure comprises a first layer of the wall from the outside to the inside, a second layer of the wall, a third layer of the wall, and a fourth layer of the tube a wall and a plurality of radially watertight partition plates; the radial watertight partition plates are watertightly connected to the respective wall walls in a radial direction; the cross section of each of the vertical layers of the vertical structure is circular or positive Polygon

The horizontal structure comprises an upper top plate, an annular intermediate bottom plate and a lower bottom plate;

The upper top plate and the lower bottom plate both cover the area enclosed by the first layer of the cylindrical wall, respectively watertightly connecting the top and the bottom of the vertical structure;

The annular intermediate bottom plate is located between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate and adjacent to the lower bottom plate, and the annular intermediate bottom plate covers the second layer tube wall and the third layer tube wall a second layer of the wall, the third layer of the wall and the radial watertight partition; the adjacent two of the radial watertight partitions, the first layer of tubing The wall, the second layer of the cylinder wall, the third layer of the cylinder wall, the fourth layer of the cylinder wall, the upper roof panel, the lower floor and the annular intermediate floor enclose the U-shaped communicating ballast a second connecting tube wall between the annular intermediate bottom plate and the lower bottom plate and a U-shaped communicating ballast tank connecting hole on the third layer tube wall;

Two adjacent radial watertight partition plates, the second layer cylinder wall, the third layer cylinder wall, the upper roof plate and the annular intermediate floor plate enclose the liquid storage tank;

The fourth layer of cylinder wall encloses a central zone.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 2, wherein a combined centroid of the inner vertical compartment of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank and the outer vertical compartment is projected on a horizontal plane, and the liquid storage Cabin in the water level The centroids of the upper projection coincide;

Or the combined centroid of the inner vertical vertical chamber of the U-shaped communicating ballast tank and the outer vertical chamber projected on a horizontal plane is offset from the centroid of the liquid storage tank on the horizontal plane, between the two centroids The deviation distance is less than or equal to 5% of the radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall; wherein the first layer of the cylinder wall has a radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall or the first layer of the regular polygon The radius of the circumcircle of the wall.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 1, wherein the damper structure is a skirt structure;

The skirt type reducing structure comprises an upright short cylinder wall surrounding a lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder and an annular top plate connecting the top end of the vertical short cylinder wall and the outer cylinder wall of the vertical cylinder;

The upright short cylinder wall and the upright cylinder are coaxial and the bottoms of the two are flush; the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall has a circular or regular polygonal shape.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 4, wherein the diameter of the upright short cylinder wall is greater than or equal to 1.25 times the diameter of the first layer cylinder wall; the height of the upright short cylinder wall is greater than or Equal to 0.1 times the diameter of the first layer of the barrel;

Wherein the diameter of the upright short cylinder wall is circular, the diameter of the vertical short cylinder wall or the diameter of the circumcircle of the upright short cylinder wall of the regular polygon, the diameter of the first layer cylinder wall is circular The diameter of the first layer of the cylindrical wall or the diameter of the circumcircle of the first layer of the cylindrical wall; the specific values of the diameter and height of the vertical short wall are determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool test.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 4, wherein the annular top plate has a shape of a round table side or a prism side, and the taper of the side of the round table or the side of the prism is calculated by hydrodynamic analysis and pool test. determine;

Or the annular top plate is formed by combining a side surface of the truncated cone or a side of the slab connected to the outer cylinder wall of the vertical cylinder with a horizontal plate connected to the top end of the vertical short cylinder wall, and the taper of the side surface of the circular table or the side of the rib is Hydrodynamic analysis calculations and pool tests to determine;

Or the annular top plate is a horizontal plate.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 4, wherein the floating body further comprises a fixed ballast tank wall surrounding a lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the vertical cylinder;

The fixed ballast tank wall is coaxial with the upright cylinder, and the cross section of the fixed ballast tank wall has a circular or regular polygon shape;

The lower bottom plate of the upright cylinder is watertightly connected to the fixed ballast tank wall; the fixed ballast tank wall, The outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder, the lower floor of the upright cylinder and the annular roof enclose a fixed ballast tank.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of symmetrically distributed orifices are disposed on the upright short cylinder wall and/or the annular top plate.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 1, wherein the damper structure is a ring type damper structure;

The ring-shaped damper structure includes a ring with a U-shaped radial section, the U-shaped opening of the ring wing facing downward, the ring wing comprising a circular or regular polygonal outer ring wall, a circular shape Or an inner wall of the regular polygonal ring, a ring top plate connecting the top of the inner wall of the ring and the top of the outer wall of the ring, and a plurality of fixed inner tubes of the ring in the vertical cylinder The upper ring wing is radially connected to the bracket; the bottom of the inner and outer cylinder walls of the ring is flush with the bottom of the vertical cylinder; the inner wall of the ring and the outer wall of the vertical cylinder are disposed Radial clearance.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 9, wherein a diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring is greater than or equal to 1.25 times a diameter of an outer wall of the upright cylinder; the outer wall of the outer ring The height is greater than or equal to 0.1 times the diameter of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder; the radial clearance is greater than or equal to 1.5 meters; the diameter and height of the outer casing wall of the annular wing and the specific value of the radial clearance It should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool test; wherein the outer diameter of the outer wall of the outer ring is circular, the diameter of the outer outer wall of the outer ring or the diameter of the outer circle of the inner wall of the outer ring of the regular polygon The diameter of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder is a circular diameter of the outer cylinder wall of the vertical cylinder or the diameter of the circumcircle of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder of the regular polygon.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 9, wherein the shape of the ring top plate is a round table side or a prism side;

Or the ring top plate is formed by combining a side of the truncated cone or a side of the slab connected to the top end of the inner wall of the ring wing with a horizontal plate connected to the top end of the outer wall of the ring;

Or the annular top plate is a horizontal plate.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of symmetrically distributed ring-shaped damping holes are disposed on the outer ring wall and/or the horizontal horizontal plate of the ring, the ring damping The shape, size and number of holes are determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 1, wherein the fixed ballast tank of the floating body is disposed at a U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped communication ballast tank.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 2, wherein the central area is a moon pool that penetrates up and down, a hollow chamber that is closed up and down, or a central liquid storage unit that is sealed by water and water; the central liquid storage unit is up and down Divided into two, the upper part is the central storage tank and the lower part is the central seawater ballast tank.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 1, wherein the upright cylinder further comprises a plurality of independent liquid storage units symmetrically and vertically distributed with respect to a central axis of the vertical cylinder;

The independent cylindrical wall of the independent liquid storage unit has a circular or quadrangular cross-sectional shape, and a circular intersection of a circle of the independent cylindrical wall or a square of the independent cylindrical wall is located at the second layer a wall of the tube or the intersection of the third layer of the wall and the radial watertight partition, and the independent wall of the quadrilateral is symmetric with the radial watertight partition; the independent liquid storage unit Divided into two, the upper part is an independent storage tank, and the lower part is an independent seawater ballast tank.
A straight-type floating platform according to claim 2, wherein the cross-section of each of the layers of the vertical structure has a circular and/or regular polygonal shape.
A straight type floating platform comprising a floating body, an upper facility and a positioning system, the upper facility being disposed at a top of the floating body, the floating body being moored to the seabed or positioned on the water surface by the positioning system; The floating body includes an upright cylinder and a reducing structure surrounding a lower periphery of the outer wall of the vertical cylinder;

The upright cylinder comprises a single cylinder upright cylinder or a multi-cylinder upright cylinder composed of at least two cylinders; the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder upright cylinder has a circular or regular polygon; the multi-circle The cylinders in the upright cylinder are arranged in a circular or a plurality of concentric circles, and the outer walls of the adjacent cylinders are tangent to each other and closely fit to form a honeycomb, the center of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder The center cylinder can be set or not set;

The damper structure is located at a deep water, and the damper structure is a skirt type reduction structure or a ring type damper structure;

The skirt reducing structure includes an upright short cylinder wall and an annular plate surrounding a lower portion of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder, and an inner edge and an outer edge of the annular plate of the skirt reducing structure are respectively erected The outer side of the cylinder is connected to the top of the upright short cylinder wall;

The ring-shaped damper structure includes one of the upright short cylinder walls, a ring-shaped annular plate, and an upright guide tube wall disposed between the upright cylinder and the upright short cylinder wall; the erect Forming an annular radial gap between the wall of the draft tube and the upright cylinder, the upright guide tube wall and the upright cylinder being connected by a plurality of radially arranged brackets; the ring An inner edge and an outer edge of the wing annular plate are respectively coupled to a top of the upright draft tube wall and a top of the upright short tube wall to form a downward U-shaped radial section; or the annular ring plate The inner side edge and the outer side edge are respectively connected with the bottom of the vertical draft tube wall and the bottom of the vertical short tube wall to form an upward U-shaped radial section; the height of the upright guide tube wall is greater than or equal to The height of the upright short cylinder wall, the upright guide tube wall is a truncated cone surface or a prism side surface which is tapered upward or downward, or is a cylindrical surface.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 17, wherein the upright short cylinder wall, the vertical draft tube wall and the upright cylinder of the damper structure have a common central axis and the bottoms of the three are flush; The vertical short cylinder wall has a circular or regular polygonal cross section; the height of the vertical short cylinder wall is greater than or equal to the single cylinder vertical cylinder a circular diameter of the cross section of the outer cylinder wall or 0.1 times the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon, or the height of the vertical short cylinder wall is greater than or equal to 0.1 times the diameter of the outer circular diameter of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder; the erect is short The diameter of the circular diameter of the cross section of the cylinder wall or the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the diameter of the circular cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder or the diameter of the circumcircle of the regular polygon, or the vertical short cylinder wall The diameter of the circle of the cross section or the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the regular polygon is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the diameter of the outer circle of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder;

The minimum value of the radial gap is greater than or equal to 0.3 meters; the annular plate of the skirt type reducing structure and the ring-shaped annular plate of the ring-shaped reducing structure of the U-shaped radial section with the opening downward are both a horizontal annular plate, or a tapered tapered annular plate or a combination of the two; the annular annular plate of the annular attenuating structure with an open upward U-shaped radial section is a horizontal annular plate;

Wherein the circular diameter of the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall, the circumscribed circle diameter of the regular polygon of the cross section of the upright short cylinder wall, the circular diameter of the cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the single cylinder straight cylinder, a circumscribed circle of a regular polygon of a cross section of the outer cylinder wall of the monocular vertical cylinder, an outer diameter of the multi-cylinder upright cylinder, a height of the vertical short cylinder wall, and a specific design value of the radial gap, and The taper on the side of the round table or on the side of the prism should be determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool test.
A straight-type floating platform according to claim 17, wherein said upright short cylinder wall and/or said annular plate of said skirt type reduction structure, or said annular wing reduction A plurality of symmetrically distributed damping holes are provided in the upright short cylinder wall and/or the ring annular plate of the structure, the shape, size and number of the damping holes being determined by hydrodynamic analysis and pool testing.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 18, wherein an outer side of the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder and an outer side of the vertical short cylinder wall, and an upward side of the tapered annular plate respectively Providing a multi-head spiral vortex side plate; the multi-head spiral vortex side plate located outside the outer cylinder wall of the upright cylinder extends downward from at least 1 meter above the water surface and penetrates the damper structure until extending to the a bottom portion of the upright cylinder; all members of the damper structure are not in contact with the side plates of the multi-headed spiral vortex side plate, and maintain a spacing of at least 0.3 meters; the technique of the multi-head spiral vortex side plate The parameters and quantities are determined by computational analysis and pool testing.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 17, wherein the single cylinder upright cylinder comprises a vertical structure and a horizontal structure; the vertical structure is separated from the horizontal structure to form a plurality of radial liquid storage a unit and/or a functional compartment; each of said radial storage units comprises a U-shaped seawater ballast tank and a reservoir; said U-shaped seawater ballast tank comprises an inside vertical compartment, an outside vertical compartment and a a horizontal bottom compartment connecting the bottoms of the inner and outer vertical compartments, and a duct connecting the tops of the upper ends of the inner and outer vertical compartments; the storage compartment being located between the inner vertical compartment and the outer vertical compartment And located above the horizontal bottom compartment.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 21, wherein the vertical structure comprises at least a first layer of the wall, a second layer of the wall, a third layer of the wall, and a fourth layer from the outside to the inside. a cylindrical wall and a plurality of radial watertight partition plates; the radial watertight partition plates are watertightly connected to the respective cylindrical walls in a radial direction; the cross sections of the respective layers of the vertical structure are circular or Regular polygon

The horizontal structure includes at least an upper top plate, an annular intermediate bottom plate and a lower bottom plate;

The upper top plate and the lower bottom plate both cover the area enclosed by the first layer of the cylindrical wall, respectively watertightly connecting the top and the bottom of the vertical structure;

The annular intermediate bottom plate is located between the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate and adjacent to the lower bottom plate, and the annular intermediate bottom plate covers the second layer tube wall and the third layer tube wall a second layer of the wall, the third layer of the wall and the radial watertight partition; the adjacent two of the radial watertight partitions, the first layer of tubing The wall and the second layer of the cylinder wall, the third layer of the cylinder wall and the fourth layer of the cylinder wall, the upper roof panel, the lower floor and the annular intermediate floor enclose the U-shaped seawater ballast a second-shaped cylindrical wall between the annular intermediate bottom plate and the lower bottom plate and a U-shaped seawater ballast tank connecting hole on the third layer wall;

Two adjacent radial watertight partition plates, the second layer cylinder wall, the third layer cylinder wall, the upper roof plate and the annular intermediate floor plate enclose the liquid storage tank;

The fourth layer of cylinder wall encloses a central zone.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 22, wherein a combined centroid of the inner vertical compartment of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank and the outer vertical compartment is projected on a horizontal plane, and the liquid storage The centroids projected on the horizontal plane coincide;

Or the combined centroid of the inner vertical vertical chamber of the U-shaped seawater ballast tank and the outer vertical tank projected on a horizontal plane is offset from the centroid of the liquid storage tank on the horizontal plane, between the two centroids The deviation distance is less than or equal to 5% of the radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall; wherein the first layer of the cylinder wall has a radius of the first layer of the cylinder wall or the first layer of the regular polygon The radius of the circumcircle of the wall.
A straight-type floating platform according to claim 21, wherein said horizontal hopper is provided with an isolated vertical bulkhead capable of separating said U-shaped seawater ballast tank, said lower portion of said vertical bulkhead a remote isolation valve is provided; the remote isolation valve is opened, the U-shaped seawater ballast tank becomes a connected seawater ballast tank; the remote isolation valve is closed, and the U-shaped seawater ballast tank is divided into one The outer seawater ballast tank and an inner seawater ballast tank.
A straight-type floating platform according to claim 21, wherein a part of the bottom of the inner vertical compartment, a part of the bottom of the outer vertical compartment, and a portion provided at the bottom of the horizontal hopper Cabin At least one of the two can serve as a fixed ballast tank for placing iron ore or other types of fixed ballast; the fixed ballast tank is watertightly isolated from the U-shaped seawater ballast tank by a bulkhead.
The straight type floating platform according to claim 22, wherein the central area is a moonpool that penetrates up and down, or a hollow tank that is closed up and down or a central liquid storage unit that is sealed by water and water; the central liquid storage unit The upper and lower sections are divided into two, the upper part is the central storage tank and the lower part is the central seawater ballast tank.
The straight-type floating platform according to claim 21, wherein the single-tube upright cylinder further comprises a plurality of independent liquid storage units symmetrically and vertically distributed with respect to a central axis of the vertical cylinder;

The independent cylindrical wall of the independent liquid storage unit has a circular or quadrangular cross-sectional shape, and a circular intersection of a circle of the independent cylindrical wall or a square of the independent cylindrical wall is located at the second layer a wall of the tube or the intersection of the third layer of the wall and the radial watertight partition, and the independent wall of the quadrilateral is symmetric with the radial watertight partition; the independent liquid storage unit Divided into two, the upper part is an independent storage tank, and the lower part is an independent seawater ballast tank.