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WO2016091945A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller une éolienne - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller une éolienne Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016091945A1
WO2016091945A1 PCT/EP2015/079107 EP2015079107W WO2016091945A1 WO 2016091945 A1 WO2016091945 A1 WO 2016091945A1 EP 2015079107 W EP2015079107 W EP 2015079107W WO 2016091945 A1 WO2016091945 A1 WO 2016091945A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
signal
wind turbine
frequency
sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/079107
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Grimm
Alexander Werkmeister
Sebastian Schmidt
Daniel Brenner
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2016091945A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016091945A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/024—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades of individual blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/80—Diagnostics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • F05B2260/966—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise by correcting static or dynamic imbalance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/327—Rotor or generator speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/335—Output power or torque
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for monitoring a
  • Wind turbine on a corresponding device for monitoring a
  • Wind turbine to a corresponding wind turbine and a corresponding computer program.
  • Wind turbines are built higher and are therefore exposed to heavier loads.
  • the rotor is balanced.
  • the leaves are trimmed, are placed in them in the balancing weights, which eliminate mass imbalance.
  • aerodynamic imbalances can be a burden on components of the wind turbine.
  • an offline survey can be done by on-site staff at specific intervals.
  • a minimization of aerodynamic imbalances is performed by adjusting the bending moments during one revolution of the wind turbines.
  • the presented approach is based on the finding that an imbalance in the rotor of a wind energy plant can be determined by using two rotational angle signals, which represent the profile of the rotational angle of two rotor blades.
  • Wind turbine wherein the wind turbine driving a drive train Rotor having a first rotor blade and at least one second rotor blade, wherein the method comprises at least the following step:
  • Wind turbine to be understood.
  • a rotor of the wind turbine is rotated by wind or wind energy in rotation and driven with the rotor, an electric generator.
  • the rotor may have at least two rotor blades, in particular three rotor blades, but also four or more blades.
  • the rotation signal may represent a rotation frequency, a torque, a rotation angle or an acceleration about an axis of rotation.
  • a course of a rotation angle or the angular velocity of a rotor blade or the torque of the drive shaft can be detected by a sensor such as
  • an acceleration sensor, a rotation rate sensor or gyroscope, a rotation angle sensor or Inclinometer or a strain gauge can be detected or derived from a corresponding sensor signal.
  • the sensor can be arranged at a reference point of a rotor blade of the wind energy plant.
  • the imbalance may characterize a principal axis of inertia of the rotor which does not correspond to a rotational axis of the rotor.
  • An imbalance of the rotor can lead to vibrations and increased wear on the wind turbine.
  • a mass imbalance or aerodynamic imbalance of the wind turbine can be determined.
  • a phase angle of the rotary signal can be determined to a reference zero point.
  • the unbalance information can be determined using the phase position.
  • a zero crossing of the rotation signal may differ from the expected reference zero point.
  • an imbalance information can be obtained from the phase position, which can also show a shift of the rotational signal to a reference rotational signal or an expected rotational signal.
  • a phase shift can correspond to an angular position of a mass imbalance.
  • Rotational signal can be determined.
  • the step of determining a Blattpassierfrequenz per rotor blade of the rotor can be determined using the rotation signal.
  • the imbalance information using a phase relationship between the first
  • Imbalance information can be obtained using the phase relationship between the
  • Sheet pass frequencies are determined.
  • the rotation signal can be a first rotation angle signal as the course of a first reference point on the drive shaft and a second rotation angle signal as the course of a second
  • Reference point on the drive shaft include. The first reference point on the first
  • the rotor blade and the second reference point on the second rotor blade may correspond to the position with respect to the rotor blade. Thus it can be concluded from an angle between the two reference points or from an angle between the two rotational angle signals to an angle between the two rotor blades.
  • the first rotational angle signal may represent a phase angle of a first rotor rotational frequency of the first rotor blade.
  • the second rotational angle signal may represent a second phase position of a second rotor rotational frequency of the second rotor blade.
  • the first rotational angle signal may represent a first signal provided by a first sensor located at the first reference point on the first rotor blade
  • the second rotational angle signal may represent a second signal provided by a second sensor disposed at the second reference point on the second rotor blade.
  • Differential angle of the target angle can show an imbalance.
  • the first sensor may be embodied as a first acceleration sensor or a first magnetic sensor.
  • the second sensor may be designed as a second acceleration sensor or a second magnetic sensor.
  • the imbalance information may be using one of the sensors provided rotational position course of the respective rotor blade can be determined.
  • the rotational position course in each case represent a rotational position of a rotor blade of the wind turbine over time. It is also favorable if, in one embodiment, the method comprises a step of
  • the signals used in the step of determining can be fed to the process.
  • the method comprises a step of
  • Control signal for driving at least one pitch angle of the at least one rotor blade of the rotor can be provided.
  • the control signal may be formed, the
  • Adjust pitch angle for each rotor blade of the rotor individually or provide a control variable for adjusting the individual pitch angle of the rotor blades.
  • a further control signal for controlling a rotational angle of the rotor can be provided in order to correct an aerodynamic imbalance.
  • the present invention further provides an apparatus for monitoring a
  • Wind turbine wherein the device is adapted to the steps of a
  • a device can be understood as meaning an electrical device which processes sensor signals and outputs control and / or data signals in dependence thereon.
  • the device may have an interface, which may be formed in hardware and / or software.
  • the interfaces can be part of a so-called system ASIC, for example, which contains a wide variety of functions of the device.
  • the interfaces are their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components.
  • the interfaces may be software modules that are present, for example, on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.
  • a wind energy plant with a tower, a nacelle arranged on the tower, a rotor arranged on the nacelle with a plurality of rotor blades and with a variant of a device for monitoring the wind energy plant described here are presented.
  • the device can be integrated into the wind energy plant.
  • a wind turbine may include a rotor which may be driven by wind impinging on the rotor.
  • the kinetic energy can be converted into electrical energy using a generator.
  • the rotor shaft may comprise a transmission with at least one gear stage.
  • the rotor can rotate about a rotor shaft while driving a generator to generate electrical energy.
  • a computer program product with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and is used to carry out the method according to one of the embodiments described above, if the
  • Program product is executed on a computer or a device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a wind turbine according to a
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a device according to an embodiment of
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4 shows a simplified representation of a phase angle of the rotor rotational frequency between two rotor blades according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • 5 is a simplified illustration of a frequency signal having a characteristic frequency at twice the rotor rotational frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a simplified illustration of a frequency signal having a meshing frequency as the characteristic frequency according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a simplified illustration of an amplitude of the meshing frequency over a rotor revolution in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a wind turbine 100 according to a
  • the wind energy plant 100 comprises a tower 102, a pod 104 rotatably mounted on the tower 102, and a rotor 106 arranged on the pod 104.
  • the rotor 106 comprises three rotor blades 108, which are also known as the first rotor blade 108a. second rotor blade 108b and third rotor blade 108c.
  • the rotor blades 108 are connected via a rotor hub 109.
  • the rotor 106 rotates about the rotor hub 109, or a rotor shaft 1 10 or rotor axis 1 10. In this case, the rotor 106 drives a drive train 1 12 at.
  • the drive train 1 12 may have a transmission 1 14 with a gear stage 1 16 and a generator 1 18 on.
  • the wind energy plant 100 comprises a device 120 for monitoring the wind energy plant 100 and at least one sensor 122.
  • a sensor 122 is arranged on the gear stage 16 and on the generator 118.
  • a sensor 122 is arranged on the rotor blades 108.
  • a sensor 122 may be on the rotor shaft 1 10m that of a drive shaft of the wind turbine 100 corresponds to be arranged.
  • the sensor 122 is configured in one embodiment to detect an acceleration, yaw rate, sheet passing frequency or torque acting on it and to provide it as a sensor signal 124 or as a rotation signal 124.
  • An imbalance of the rotor 106 usually leads to a vibration of the tower 102 of the wind turbine 100 transversely to the rotor axis 1 10 and across the tower 102, if it is a mass imbalance.
  • An aerodynamic imbalance can be seen in particular if the corresponding rotor blade 108 points upwards.
  • the device 120 is designed to determine, using the rotation signal, an imbalance information 126 representing an imbalance of the wind energy plant in order to monitor the wind energy plant 100.
  • the rotation signal 124 represents an angular velocity or a torque.
  • the device 120 is designed to determine from the rotation signal 124 a blade passing frequency per rotor blade.
  • the device 120 is configured to determine a phase position of the rotation signal 124 to read about it
  • a drive shaft to rotate about the rotor axis components of the wind turbine that is, the rotor 106 with the
  • Rotor blades 108 and elements of the drive train 1 12 denotes.
  • the device 120 is designed to determine an imbalance of a rotor blade 108 by measuring the phase angle of the rotational angle signals between the rotor blades 108.
  • Rotation angle position signals are either obtained from the rotation signal 124 or alternatively detected by detectors 122 such as acceleration sensors 122 or magnetic sensors 122 in the rotor blades 108.
  • the determined imbalance can be compensated by means of the single-sheet pitch control (individual pitch control), as far as it is an aerodynamic imbalance.
  • a control target would be to set the phase difference of a predetermined frequency such as the harmonic rotation frequency p to a fixed value (for example, 120 ° for three rotor blades).
  • Some typical causes of mass imbalance and aerodynamic unbalance are: an unequal mass of the rotor blades 108, an uneven distribution of the rotor blade mass, an imbalance of the hub, an eccentricity of the rotor, a bent main shaft, a pitch error of the hub (120 °), rotor blade misalignment
  • an imbalance may be temporarily caused by environmental influences.
  • Mass imbalance may be exhibited by vibration of the tower head or nacelle 104 substantially transverse to the drive shaft and transverse to the main extent of the tower 102.
  • An aerodynamic imbalance can be manifested by a characteristic signal change if the rotor blade concerned points vertically upwards.
  • sensors 122 in the rotor blades 108 determine the tower natural frequencies, the rotor rotation frequency (1 p) and the double rotor rotation frequency (2p).
  • acceleration sensors, yaw rate sensors (gyroscopes), rotational angle sensors (inclinometers) and strain gauges come into consideration as sensors 122.
  • sensors 122 in the nacelle 104 of the wind turbines 100 for example, the generator speed, rotor speed and the transmitted torque can be determined.
  • acceleration sensors, incremental angle meters, protractors, rotary encoders, Hall sensors and strain gauges come into consideration as sensors 122. Based on the amplitude and / or phase angle and / or frequency of
  • Gear engagement frequencies of the individual gear stages, the tower natural frequencies, the rotor rotational frequency (1 p) and twice the rotor rotational frequency (2p) can be detected imbalances.
  • the combination of the evaluation of the individual sensor data makes it possible to classify the imbalances with regard to their causes and their intensity.
  • the comparison of the various features of several wind turbines 100 allows a qualitative statement regarding criticality. For example, this makes it possible to prioritize the planned
  • Aerodynamic imbalances can be corrected, for example, by controlling the pitch angle of the individual blades, provided that each blade is equipped with its own pitch drive.
  • the pitch angle of each sheet 108 is changed individually so as to detect the individual pitch angles for which the rotor rotational frequency (1 p) and / or the double
  • Rotor rotational frequency (2p) occur minimally in the leaves 108 and / or in the drive train. After this adjustment of the aerodynamic properties of the blades 108 to each other via a collective adjustment of all pitch angles maximizing the performance of the wind turbines 100.
  • the apparatus 120 provides detection and root cause analysis of imbalances at wind turbines (WEA) 100 by evaluating one or more sensor signals 124 and methods for minimizing the detected aerodynamic imbalances. This enables detection of aerodynamic imbalances and mass imbalances on wind turbines 100 and minimization of aerodynamic imbalances.
  • WEA wind turbines
  • a change caused for example by aging, can be detected.
  • the device 120 can advantageously monitor a wind turbine 100 permanently and in any operating state, and thus make faster and more accurate statements about the state.
  • a separation between aerodynamic imbalance and mass imbalance is possible.
  • a minimization of aerodynamic imbalances by means of different sensor signals 124 may be possible.
  • sensors 122 in the rotor blades 108 and / or in the nacelle 104 for example, frequency, amplitude and / or phase position of various vibrations can be determined and used to determine a mass imbalance and / or aerodynamic imbalance.
  • These vibrations include the rotational frequency of the rotor 106, twice the rotational frequency of the rotor, the meshing frequencies of the gear stages 1 16, the
  • a detected aerodynamic imbalance is minimized in one embodiment by a method of single blade adjustment.
  • the pitch angle of the rotor blades 108 can be adjusted.
  • the causes of mass imbalance or aerodynamic imbalance can be clearly separated.
  • the device 120 provides immediate detection of a problem, a quantitative assessment for correction, and automation of the measurement process.
  • Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a device 120 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 120 may be one embodiment of an apparatus 120 shown in FIG. 1 for monitoring a wind turbine 100.
  • the device 120 comprises at least one means 230 for determining.
  • the device 230 is designed to determine an imbalance information 126 using a rotation signal 124 to determine the wind turbine
  • the unbalance information 126 represents an imbalance of
  • the rotation signal 124 represents an angular velocity of a drive shaft of the wind energy plant or alternatively a torque on the drive shaft.
  • the means 230 for determining is designed to determine a phase angle of the rotation signal to a reference zero point, wherein the
  • Unbalance information is determined using the phase angle.
  • a phase position not equal to zero indicates an imbalance, wherein a reference position for the imbalance can be determined using the phase position.
  • the means 230 for determining is configured to determine a first blade passing frequency for the first rotor blade and a second blade passing frequency for the second rotor blade using the rotation signal.
  • the imbalance information is obtained using a phase relationship between the first
  • the rotation signal comprises a first rotation angle signal as the course of a first reference point on the drive shaft and a second rotation angle signal as the course of a second reference point on the drive shaft.
  • the first rotational angle signal represents a phase position of a first rotor rotational frequency of the first rotor blade.
  • the second rotational angle signal represents a second phase position of a second rotor rotational frequency of the second rotor blade.
  • the first rotational angle signal represents a first signal provided by a first sensor disposed at the first reference point on the first rotor blade
  • the second rotational angle signal includes a second sensor disposed at the second reference point on the second rotor blade
  • An interface 234 for reading is designed to read in a rotation signal 124.
  • the read-in interface 234 is further configured to read in a speed 236 of a component of the wind turbine.
  • the interface 234 for reading is further formed, a torque signal, a first rotation angle signal and a second rotation angle signal or a rotor speed of the rotor as the rotational speed of
  • the wind turbine monitoring device 120 includes a transformation device 238 configured to provide a frequency signal 240 using the rotation signal 124.
  • a transformation device 238 configured to provide a frequency signal 240 using the rotation signal 124.
  • Device 120 comprises a transformation means 238, the means 230 for determining is adapted to determine the imbalance information 126 using the frequency signal 240. In this case, an amplitude at at least one frequency or in a frequency range is compared with a predetermined threshold value.
  • Monitoring the wind turbine further comprises an optional control device 242, which is designed to provide a control signal 244 for controlling at least one pitch angle of the at least one rotor blade or for controlling a rotational angle of the rotor of the wind turbine.
  • the device 230 is designed to determine which
  • Unbalance information 126 using the speed 236 to determine That's how it is Device 230 for determining optionally formed to determine the rotor speed of the rotor, the double rotor speed of the rotor or a meshing frequency of a gear stage of the drive train and to use for determining the unbalance information 126.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow diagram of a method 360 for monitoring a
  • the wind power plant may be an exemplary embodiment of a wind power plant 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the method 360 includes at least one step 362 of determining an imbalance of the wind turbine
  • Unbalance information using a rotation signal to monitor the wind turbine wherein the rotation signal represents an angular velocity and / or a torque on the drive shaft.
  • FIG. 4 shows a simplified graphical illustration of a phase position 470 of two signals 472, 474 between two rotor blades according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the signals 472, 474 represent, depending on the embodiment
  • Rotor rotational frequency a Blattpassierfrequenz, a rotation angle or a torque of an associated rotor blade. It is in the left in Fig. 4 shown Cartesian
  • Coordinate system a signal 472 of a first rotor blade and a signal 472 of a second rotor blade shown over time.
  • the distance 470 represents the phase position 470 between the first signal 472 of the first rotor blade and the second signal 474 of the second rotor blade. In an embodiment, not shown, this can
  • the phase position 470 between two rotor rotational frequencies without imbalance or assembly error is also 120 °.
  • the frequency is shown on the abscissa and the phase position on the ordinate.
  • the illustrated curve 476 shows, for example, the phase relationship between a first rotor blade and a second rotor blade.
  • the signal 476 has a significant amplitude.
  • Further characteristic frequencies such as the double rotor rotational frequency or the meshing frequency, or a frequency range around the characteristic frequencies, shows the curve 476 amplitudes, whose height can be evaluated. The amplitude corresponds to the phase position.
  • An aerodynamic imbalance and / or a mass imbalance causes inter alia a different phase position of the rotor rotational frequency (1 p) of the rotor blades from 120 °
  • Fig. 4 shows a phase angle of the 1 p frequency between the rotor blades.
  • the phase angle is accordingly dependent on the number of rotor blades of the rotor or the angle of the rotor blades to each other.
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified illustration of a frequency signal 236, 536 having a characteristic frequency 238 at twice the rotor rotational frequency in accordance with FIG. 5
  • the frequency signal 236 may be an embodiment of a frequency signal 236 described in FIG.
  • the abscissa shows the frequency and the ordinate the amplitude.
  • two frequency signals 236, 536 are shown in the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the first frequency signal 236 shows an imbalance and the second frequency signal 536 shows no imbalance.
  • the abscissa three characteristic frequencies 238 are marked: the rotor rotational frequency p or 1 p, the double rotor rotational frequency 2p and a meshing frequency f z .
  • the signal profiles of the two frequency signals 236, 536 each have a deflection in the range of the three characteristic frequencies 238 mentioned. In this case, the highest amplitude in the range of the rotor rotational frequency p is observed.
  • double rotor rotational frequency p the double rotor rotational frequency
  • Rotor rotational frequency 2p the waveforms of the two frequency signals 236, 536 have a significant difference in amplitude. This shows that this property can be used to detect an imbalance in the wind turbine.
  • a mass imbalance causes, inter alia, a vibration of the tower at right angles to the wind direction. Based on the phase of this vibration can be close to the position of the center of gravity with respect to the axis of rotation, so that the positioning of the
  • Balancing masses can be determined.
  • An aerodynamic imbalance causes, inter alia, a vibration with a simple rotor rotational frequency.
  • a vibration with a simple rotor rotational frequency On the basis of the amplitude of this oscillation, it is possible to conclude, for example, the expression of a pitch angle adjustment of a rotor blade.
  • Fig. 6 shows a simplified representation of a frequency signal 236 with a
  • Gear meshing frequency f z as a characteristic frequency 238 according to a
  • the frequency signal 236 may be an embodiment of a frequency signal 236 described in FIG. As an example of a characteristic frequency 238, the meshing frequency f z is selected.
  • the frequency signal 236 has an amplitude which changes over time in the region of the meshing frequency f z .
  • the variance of the amplitude is designated ⁇ in FIG.
  • a mass imbalance causes a cyclic change in the amplitude of the meshing frequency during one revolution.
  • FIG. 6 shows a change ⁇ in the amplitude of the meshing frequency f z during one revolution.
  • FIG. 7 shows a simplified representation of an amplitude of the meshing frequency f z via a rotor rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the meshing frequency f z may be an exemplary embodiment of a tooth meshing frequency f z described in the preceding figures
  • Frequency signal shown at a characteristic frequency In the Cartesian coordinate system, a waveform of a tooth meshing frequency f z is shown via the rotational position ⁇ of the rotor of the wind turbine. The maximum of the amplitude during one revolution of the rotor provides information on which leaf the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour surveiller une éolienne (100), ladite éolienne (100) comprenant un rotor (106) qui entraîne un groupe motopropulseur (112) et comporte une première pale de rotor (108a) et au moins une deuxième pale de rotor (18b), ledit procédé comprenant une étape consistant à déterminer une information de balourd (126) représentant un balourd de l'éolienne (100), au moyen d'un signal de rotation (124), afin de surveiller l'éolienne (100), ledit signal de rotation (124) représentant une vitesse angulaire et/ou un couple sur l'arbre moteur (110).
PCT/EP2015/079107 2014-12-12 2015-12-09 Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller une éolienne WO2016091945A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014225637.2A DE102014225637A1 (de) 2014-12-12 2014-12-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen einer Windenergieanlage
DE102014225637.2 2014-12-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016091945A1 true WO2016091945A1 (fr) 2016-06-16

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PCT/EP2015/079107 WO2016091945A1 (fr) 2014-12-12 2015-12-09 Procédé et dispositif pour surveiller une éolienne

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102014225637A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016091945A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP3505754A1 (fr) * 2018-01-02 2019-07-03 Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy A/S Détection d'un mouvement oscillant d'une éolienne
WO2020029324A1 (fr) * 2018-08-06 2020-02-13 大连理工大学 Procédé de commande et de freinage d'éolienne basé sur une commande individuelle de pas
US10781792B2 (en) 2017-05-18 2020-09-22 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a pitch angle of a wind turbine rotor blade
CN113819011A (zh) * 2020-06-19 2021-12-21 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 风力发电机组的叶轮状态检测方法、装置及系统
US11608811B2 (en) 2020-04-08 2023-03-21 General Electric Renovables Espana, S.L. System and method for mitigating loads acting on a rotor blade of a wind turbine
US11708815B2 (en) 2021-02-08 2023-07-25 General Electronic Company System and method for controlling a wind turbine
US11774324B2 (en) 2021-03-12 2023-10-03 General Electric Renovables Espana, S.L. System and method for detecting actual slip in a coupling of a rotary shaft
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US12098704B2 (en) 2019-10-22 2024-09-24 Ge Infrastructure Technology Llc System and method for mitigating loads acting on a rotor blade of a wind turbine
US11608811B2 (en) 2020-04-08 2023-03-21 General Electric Renovables Espana, S.L. System and method for mitigating loads acting on a rotor blade of a wind turbine
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US11708815B2 (en) 2021-02-08 2023-07-25 General Electronic Company System and method for controlling a wind turbine
US11774324B2 (en) 2021-03-12 2023-10-03 General Electric Renovables Espana, S.L. System and method for detecting actual slip in a coupling of a rotary shaft
US11913429B2 (en) 2021-04-29 2024-02-27 General Electric Renovables Espana, S.L. System and method for slip detection and surface health monitoring in a slip coupling of a rotary shaft

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