WO2016076271A1 - リフティングマグネット付き作業機械 - Google Patents
リフティングマグネット付き作業機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016076271A1 WO2016076271A1 PCT/JP2015/081494 JP2015081494W WO2016076271A1 WO 2016076271 A1 WO2016076271 A1 WO 2016076271A1 JP 2015081494 W JP2015081494 W JP 2015081494W WO 2016076271 A1 WO2016076271 A1 WO 2016076271A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lifting magnet
- controller
- urea water
- engine
- working machine
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/96—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements for alternate or simultaneous use of different digging elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
- B66C1/06—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means electromagnetic
- B66C1/08—Circuits therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/2058—Electric or electro-mechanical or mechanical control devices of vehicle sub-units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for heavy duty applications, e.g. trucks, buses, tractors, locomotives
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1406—Storage means for substances, e.g. tanks or reservoirs
- F01N2610/142—Controlling the filling of the tank
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/18—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the system for adding a substance into the exhaust
- F01N2900/1806—Properties of reducing agent or dosing system
- F01N2900/1814—Tank level
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/36—Control for minimising NOx emissions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a working machine with a lifting magnet that performs work using a lifting magnet.
- a working machine with a lifting magnet is known as a working machine for transporting or moving an object such as a steel material (see Patent Document 1).
- Patent Document 1 does not mention suppression of the content of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas.
- Patent Document 1 Therefore, there is a possibility that the working machine with a lifting magnet of Patent Document 1 can not sufficiently cope with the exhaust gas regulation.
- a lifting magnet a lifting magnet, an arm supporting the lifting magnet, a boom supporting the arm, and an upper portion supporting the boom.
- a rotating body an engine, a selective reduction catalyst system, and a controller that controls the adsorption and release of the lifting magnet.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of a working machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- An upper swing body 3 is mounted on a lower traveling body 1 of the work machine via a swing mechanism 2.
- a boom 4 is attached to the upper swing body 3.
- An arm 5 is attached to the tip of the boom 4, and a lifting magnet 6 is attached to the tip of the arm 5. That is, the lifting magnet 6 is supported by the arm 5, the arm 5 is supported by the boom 4, and the boom 4 is supported by the upper swing body 3.
- the boom 4, the arm 5 and the lifting magnet 6 are hydraulically driven by the boom cylinder 7, the arm cylinder 8 and the lifting magnet cylinder 9 respectively.
- a cabin 10 is provided in the upper revolving superstructure 3 and a power source such as an engine 11 which is an internal combustion engine is mounted.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a drive system of the working machine shown in FIG.
- the mechanical power system is shown by a double line, the high pressure hydraulic line by a thick solid line, the pilot line by a broken line, the electrical control system by a dashed dotted line, and the electric drive system by a thick dotted line.
- the drive system in FIG. 2 mainly includes an engine 11, an alternator 11a, a main pump 14, a lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G, a pilot pump 15, a control valve 17, an operating device 26, a controller 30, and an engine control device 74. Ru.
- the engine 11 is a drive source of a work machine, and is, for example, a diesel engine that operates to maintain a predetermined number of revolutions.
- the output shaft of the engine 11 is connected to each of the alternator 11 a, the main pump 14, the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G, and the input shaft of the pilot pump 15.
- the main pump 14 is a hydraulic pump that supplies hydraulic fluid to the control valve 17 via the high pressure hydraulic line 16 and is, for example, a swash plate type variable displacement hydraulic pump.
- the regulator 14 a is a device that controls the discharge amount of the main pump 14.
- the regulator 14a controls the discharge amount of the main pump 14 by adjusting the swash plate tilt angle of the main pump 14 according to the discharge pressure of the main pump 14, the control signal from the controller 30, etc. .
- the pilot pump 15 is a hydraulic pump for supplying hydraulic fluid to various hydraulic control devices including the operating device 26 through the pilot line 25 and is, for example, a fixed displacement hydraulic pump.
- the control valve 17 is a hydraulic control device that controls a hydraulic system in a work machine.
- the control valve 17 is, for example, one of the boom cylinder 7, the arm cylinder 8, the lifting magnet cylinder 9, the traveling hydraulic motor 1A (for the right), the traveling hydraulic motor 1B (for the left), and one of the turning hydraulic motors 2A.
- the hydraulic fluid which the main pump 14 discharges is selectively supplied to a plurality of things.
- the boom cylinder 7, the arm cylinder 8, the lifting magnet cylinder 9, the traveling hydraulic motor 1A (for the right), the traveling hydraulic motor 1B (for the left), and the turning hydraulic motor 2A ".
- the operating device 26 is a device used by the operator for operating the hydraulic actuator.
- the operating device 26 supplies hydraulic fluid from the pilot pump 15 to the pilot port of the corresponding flow control valve in the control valve 17 to generate a pilot pressure.
- the operation device 26 includes a turning operation lever, a boom operation lever, an arm operation lever, a lifting magnet operation lever, a traveling pedal, and the like.
- the pilot pressure is a pressure according to the operation content (for example, including the operation direction and the operation amount) of the operation device 26.
- the pressure sensor 29 detects a pilot pressure generated by the operating device 26.
- the pressure sensor 29 detects the pilot pressure generated by the controller 26, and outputs the detected value to the controller 30.
- the controller 30 grasps each operation content of the operating device 26 based on the output of the pressure sensor 29.
- the controller 30 is a control device for controlling a work machine, and is configured of, for example, a computer provided with a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, and the like.
- the controller 30 reads a program corresponding to the operation or function of the work machine from the ROM and loads it into the RAM, and causes the CPU to execute processing corresponding to each of the programs.
- the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G is a pump that supplies hydraulic oil to the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60 via the high pressure hydraulic line 16a.
- the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14 G is a fixed displacement hydraulic pump, and supplies hydraulic oil to the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60 through the switching valve 61.
- the switching valve 61 is a valve that switches the flow of hydraulic oil discharged by the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G.
- the switching valve 61 is an electromagnetic valve that switches according to a control command from the controller 30, and has a first position for communicating between the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G and the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60; And a second position for disconnecting between the hydraulic pump 14G and the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60.
- the controller 30 When the mode switch 62 is operated and the operation mode of the working machine is switched to the lifting magnet mode, the controller 30 outputs a control signal to the switch valve 61 to switch the switch valve 61 to the first position.
- the controller 30 outputs a control signal to the switching valve 61 to switch the switching valve 61 to the second position when the mode switching switch 62 is operated and the operation mode of the work machine is switched to other than the lifting magnet mode.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the switching valve 61 is in the second position.
- the mode changeover switch 62 is a switch for switching the operation mode of the work machine. In the present embodiment, it is a rocker switch installed in the cabin 10. The operator operates the mode changeover switch 62 to switch between the shovel mode and the lifting magnet mode alternatively.
- the shovel mode is a mode for operating the work machine as a shovel, and is selected, for example, when a bucket is attached instead of the lifting magnet 6.
- the lifting magnet mode is a mode in which the working machine is operated as a working machine with a lifting magnet, and is selected when the lifting magnet 6 is attached to the tip of the arm 5.
- the controller 30 may automatically switch the operation mode of the working machine based on the outputs of various sensors.
- the switching valve 61 In the lifting magnet mode, the switching valve 61 is set to the first position, and the hydraulic oil discharged by the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G flows into the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60. On the other hand, in the case other than the lifting magnet mode, the switching valve 61 is set to the second position, and the hydraulic oil discharged by the lifting magnet hydraulic pump 14G flows out to the hydraulic oil tank without flowing into the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60.
- the rotating shaft of the lifting magnet hydraulic motor 60 is mechanically connected to the rotating shaft of the lifting magnet generator 63.
- the lifting magnet generator 63 is a generator that generates electric power for exciting the lifting magnet 6.
- the lifting magnet generator 63 is an AC generator that operates in accordance with a control command from the power control device 64.
- the power control device 64 is a device that controls the supply / cutoff of power for exciting the lifting magnet 6.
- the power control device 64 controls start / stop of AC power generation by the lifting magnet generator 63 in accordance with the power generation start command / power generation stop command from the controller 30.
- the power control device 64 converts the AC power generated by the lifting magnet generator 63 into DC power and supplies the DC power to the lifting magnet 6.
- the power controller 64 can control the magnitude of the DC voltage applied to the lifting magnet 6.
- the controller 30 outputs a suction command to the power control device 64 when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on to be turned on.
- the power control device 64 receiving the adsorption command converts the AC power generated by the lifting magnet generator 63 into DC power and supplies the DC power to the lifting magnet 6 to excite the lifting magnet 6.
- the excited lifting magnet 6 is in an adsorption state capable of adsorbing an object.
- the controller 30 sets the value of the suction flag having the initial value "0" to "1".
- the adsorption flag is a flag indicating the adsorption state of the lifting magnet 6, a value "0" indicates a non-adsorption state (release state), and a value "1" indicates an adsorption state.
- the release of the lifting magnet 6 means an operation of stopping the power supply to the lifting magnet 6 to dissipate the electromagnetic force generated by the lifting magnet 6.
- the controller 30 outputs a release command to the power control device 64 when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned off to be turned off.
- the power control device 64 that has received the release command stops the power generation by the lifting magnet generator 63, and brings the lifting magnet 6 in the adsorption state into the non-adsorption state (release state). At this time, the controller 30 sets the value of the suction flag to “0”.
- the lifting magnet switch 65 is a switch for switching between adsorption and release of the lifting magnet 6.
- the lifting magnet switch 65 is a push button switch provided on the top of at least one of the swing mechanism 2, the boom 4, the arm 5, and the pair of left and right operating levers for operating the lifting magnet 6.
- the lifting magnet switch 65 may be configured such that the on state and the off state are alternately switched each time the button is pressed, and the on operation button and the off operation button are separately prepared. It is also good.
- the work machine can perform operations such as adsorption and transport of an object by the lifting magnet 6 while operating the hydraulic actuator with the hydraulic oil discharged by the main pump 14.
- the fuel remaining amount sensor 50a is an example of a fuel storage amount detection unit, and detects the remaining amount of fuel in a fuel tank as a fuel storage unit. In the present embodiment, the fuel remaining amount sensor 50a outputs information on the detected fuel remaining amount to the controller 30. Specifically, the fuel remaining amount sensor 50a is configured of a float that follows a change in the liquid level of the fuel in the fuel tank, and a variable resistance (potentiometer) that converts the amount of vertical fluctuation of the float into a resistance value. With this configuration, the fuel remaining amount sensor 50a can continuously detect the fuel remaining amount state.
- the detection method of the fuel remaining amount sensor 50a may be appropriately selected according to the use environment or the like, and a detection method capable of detecting the fuel remaining amount state in stages may be adopted.
- the urea water remaining amount sensor 55a is an example of a reducing agent storage amount detection unit, and detects the remaining amount of urea water in the urea water tank 55 as the reducing agent storage unit.
- the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55a outputs information regarding the detected urea aqueous solution remaining amount to the engine control device 74.
- the engine control device 74 outputs information on the remaining amount of urea water received from the urea water remaining amount sensor 55a to the controller 30.
- the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55a is configured of a float in which a magnet is fixed and a plurality of magnetically driven reed switches installed at different heights.
- the urea water remaining amount sensor 55a detects the remaining state of the urea water using the fact that the reed switch corresponding to the position of the float following the change of the surface of the urea water in the urea water tank 55 becomes conductive. Do. More specifically, the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55a includes eight reed switches arranged at equal intervals. With this configuration, the urea water remaining amount sensor 55a can detect the state of the urea water remaining amount in eight stages.
- the detection method of the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55a can be appropriately selected according to the use environment, the freezing point of urea aqueous solution, etc., and a detection method capable of continuously detecting the residual state of the urea aqueous solution may be adopted. .
- the image display device 40 is a device that displays various information.
- the image display device 40 is fixed to a pillar of the cabin 10 provided with a driver's seat.
- the image display device 40 can provide the driver with information by displaying the driving condition and control information of the work machine on the image display unit 41.
- the image display device 40 includes a switch panel 42 as an input unit. The driver can use the switch panel 42 to input information and commands to the controller 30 of the work machine.
- the switch panel 42 is a panel including various hardware switches.
- the switch panel 42 includes a light switch 42a as a hardware button, a wiper switch 42b, and a window washer switch 42c.
- the light switch 42 a is a switch for switching on / off of a light attached to the outside of the cabin 10.
- the wiper switch 42b is a switch for switching between activation and deactivation of the wiper.
- the window washer switch 42c is a switch for injecting a window washer fluid.
- Image display device 40 operates by receiving power supply from storage battery 70.
- the storage battery 70 is charged with the power generated by the alternator 11a.
- the power of the storage battery 70 is also supplied to the controller 30 and the electrical components 72 of the working machine other than the image display device 40 and the like.
- the starter 11 b of the engine 11 is driven by the power from the storage battery 70 to start the engine 11.
- the engine control device 74 is a device that controls the engine 11.
- the engine control device 74 collects various data indicating the state of the engine 11 and transmits the collected data to the controller 30.
- the engine control device 74 and the controller 30 are separately configured, but may be integrally configured.
- engine controller 74 may be integrated into controller 30.
- the engine speed adjustment dial 75 is a dial for adjusting the engine speed.
- the engine speed adjustment dial 75 is installed in the cabin 10 so that the engine speed can be switched in four stages.
- the engine speed adjustment dial 75 outputs data indicating the setting state of the engine speed to the controller 30.
- the engine speed adjustment dial 75 enables switching of the engine speed in four stages of SP mode, H mode, A mode, and idling mode.
- FIG. 2 shows a state in which the H mode is selected by the engine speed adjustment dial 75.
- the SP mode is a rotation speed mode selected when priority is given to the amount of work, and uses the highest engine rotation speed.
- the H mode is a rotational speed mode that is selected when it is desired to balance work amount and fuel consumption, and utilizes the second highest engine rotational speed.
- the A mode is a rotational speed mode selected when it is desired to operate the working machine with low noise while giving priority to fuel consumption, and utilizes the third highest engine rotational speed.
- the idling mode is a rotation speed mode selected when it is desired to put the engine into an idling state, and uses the lowest engine rotation speed (idling rotation speed).
- the engine 11 is controlled at a constant speed using the engine speed in the speed mode set by the engine speed adjustment dial 75.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a configuration example of the selective reduction catalyst system 100.
- the selective reduction catalyst system 100 is an example of an exhaust gas purification system, and purifies the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 11.
- Fuel is supplied to the engine 11 from a fuel tank by a high pressure pump.
- the high pressure fuel is directly injected into the combustion chamber to burn.
- the engine 11 and the high pressure pump are controlled by an engine control device 74.
- Exhaust gas from the engine 11 passes through the turbocharger 80 and then flows to the exhaust pipe 81 downstream thereof, and after being purified by the selective reduction catalyst system 100, is exhausted to the atmosphere.
- the intake air introduced from the air cleaner 82 into the intake pipe 83 passes through the turbocharger 80, the intercooler 84 and the like and is supplied to the engine 11.
- a diesel particulate filter 85 for trapping particulate matter in exhaust gas and a selective reduction catalyst 86 for reducing and removing NOx in the exhaust gas are provided in series.
- the selective reduction catalyst 86 receives a supply of a liquid reducing agent (eg, urea or ammonia) to continuously reduce and remove NOx in the exhaust gas.
- a liquid reducing agent eg, urea or ammonia
- urea aqueous solution urea aqueous solution
- urea aqueous solution is used as a liquid reducing agent because of easy handling.
- a urea water injection device 87 for supplying urea water to the selective reduction catalyst 86 is provided.
- the urea water injection device 87 is connected to the urea water tank 55 via a urea water supply line 88.
- a urea water supply pump 89 is provided in the urea water supply line 88, and a filter 90 is provided between the urea water tank 55 and the urea water supply pump 89.
- the urea water stored in the urea water tank 55 is supplied to the urea water injection device 87 by the urea water supply pump 89, and is injected from the urea water injection device 87 to the upstream position of the selective reduction catalyst 86 in the exhaust pipe 81.
- the urea water injected from the urea water injection device 87 is supplied to the selective reduction catalyst 86.
- the supplied urea water is hydrolyzed in the selective reduction catalyst 86 to generate ammonia.
- the ammonia reduces NOx contained in the exhaust gas in the selective reduction catalyst 86, and the reduction reaction of the NOx purifies the exhaust gas.
- the first NOx sensor 91 is disposed upstream of the urea water injection device 87.
- the second NOx sensor 92 is disposed downstream of the selective reduction catalyst 86.
- the NOx sensors 91 and 92 detect the concentration of NOx in the exhaust gas at each arrangement position.
- a urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55 a is disposed in the urea aqueous solution tank 55.
- the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55 a detects the urea aqueous solution remaining amount in the urea aqueous solution tank 55.
- the NOx sensors 91 and 92, the urea water remaining amount sensor 55a, the urea water injection device 87, and the urea water supply pump 89 are connected to the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93.
- the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 injects an appropriate amount of urea water into the exhaust pipe 81 by the urea water injection device 87 and the urea water supply pump 89 based on the NOx concentration detected by the NOx sensors 91 and 92. Perform quantity control.
- the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 sets the ratio of the remaining amount of urea water to the total volume of the urea water tank 55 based on the remaining amount of urea water output from the urea water remaining amount sensor 55 a (hereinafter, “urea water remaining ratio” Calculate). For example, the urea water remaining ratio 50% indicates that the urea water which is half the capacity of the urea water tank 55 remains in the urea water tank 55.
- the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 is connected to the engine control device 74 by communication means. Further, the engine control device 74 is connected to the controller 30 by communication means. In the present embodiment, the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93, the engine control device 74, and the controller 30 are separately configured, but at least two of them may be integrally configured. For example, the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 may be integrated into the engine controller 74.
- the engine control device 74 and the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 each include a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, an input / output port, a storage device, and the like, as with the controller 30.
- the engine control device 74 determines the injection amount of urea water according to the collected data. Then, the engine control device 74 transmits a control signal to the urea water injection device 87 through the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 to control the injection amount of urea water with respect to the exhaust gas from the engine 11.
- FIG. 4 is a state transition diagram of the working machine of FIG.
- the operating state of the working machine of FIG. 1 transits in three phases of the normal phase, the alert phase and the usage restriction phase according to the decrease of the urea aqueous solution remaining amount.
- the working machine operates without any limitation on the residual amount of urea water.
- the operating state of the working machine transitions from the normal stage to the alert stage.
- a predetermined value TH1 for example, 5%
- the operating state of the working machine shifts from the normal stage to the alert stage.
- the predetermined value TH1 is preferably set in the range of 3% to 10%.
- the controller 30 causes the image display device 40 to display a text message indicating that the urea water remaining amount ratio has become less than the predetermined value TH1. Further, the controller 30 does not excite the lifting magnet 6 even when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on in the lifting magnet mode. This is to prevent the lifting magnet 6 from being forcibly released when the engine rotation speed has to be reduced due to the shortage of urea water in the subsequent work. However, the controller 30 continues excitation of the lifting magnet 6 without releasing the lifting magnet 6 when the lifting magnet 6 is already in the attracted state at the transition from the normal stage to the alert stage.
- the controller 30 may cause the image display device 40 to display a text message prompting release of the lifting magnet 6. Even when the controller 30 continues the excitation of the lifting magnet 6 at the transition from the normal stage to the alerting stage, after the lifting magnet 6 is released thereafter, the lifting magnet switch in the lifting magnet mode Even if 65 is turned on, the lifting magnet 6 is not excited.
- the operating state of the working machine transitions from the alerting stage to the use restriction stage.
- a predetermined value TH2 for example, 0%
- the predetermined value TH2 is preferably set in the range of 0% to 1%.
- the operating state of the working machine transitions from the alerting stage to the normal stage.
- the controller 30 causes the image display device 40 to display a text message indicating that the urea water remaining amount ratio has reached the predetermined value TH2. Further, the engine control device 74 reduces the engine speed to a predetermined speed.
- the predetermined number of rotations may be the minimum number of rotations that can maintain the attraction force of the lifting magnet 6, or may be an idling rotation number. In this case, the controller 30 may cause the image display device 40 to display a text message indicating that the engine speed has been reduced.
- the controller 30 continues driving the engine 11 at the current engine speed without reducing the engine speed if the lifting magnet 6 is already in the attracted state at the time of transition from the alerting stage to the use limiting stage. . This is to prevent the lifting magnet 6 from being forcibly released and, in turn, to prevent the object to which the lifting magnet 6 is adsorbed from falling.
- the engine control device 74 reduces the engine rotational speed to a predetermined rotational speed, even after reducing the engine rotational speed to the predetermined rotational speed, the engine rotational speed is limited to a predetermined number of times (for example, once). Allow adjustment to increasing numbers.
- the function of causing the controller 30 to increase the engine rotational speed after the engine control device 74 reduces the engine rotational speed to a predetermined rotational speed is referred to as an “escaping function”.
- the operation mode of the working machine after the controller 30 increases the engine speed by using this escape function is referred to as "the escape mode”.
- the engine controller 74 may limit the time allowed for adjustment to increase engine speed.
- the engine control device 74 may prohibit the execution of the escape function when the urea water remaining amount ratio becomes 0%.
- the controller 30 utilizes this escape function to increase the engine speed immediately after the engine speed is reduced to a predetermined speed. For example, the controller 30 automatically restores the engine rotational speed to the original rotational speed or automatically increases the rotational speed to a level at which the attraction force of the lifting magnet 6 can be maintained. Then, the reduction of the engine speed by the engine control device 74 for preventing the increase of NOx in the exhaust gas caused by the shortage of the urea water is nullified. In this case, the controller 30 may cause the image display device 40 to display a text message prompting an early release of the lifting magnet 6.
- the number of rotations at which the attraction force of the lifting magnet 6 can be maintained is a value derived from the specification value of the lifting magnet 6, and is stored in advance in a ROM or the like in the present embodiment.
- the lifting magnet 6 is released thereafter. After that, reduce the engine speed. Further, even when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on in the lifting magnet mode, the lifting magnet 6 is not excited. When urea aqueous solution is supplied, the operating state of the working machine shifts from the use restriction phase to the normal phase.
- FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing the flow of processing at the time of transition to the alerting stage.
- the controller 30 repeatedly executes the processing at the time of transition to the alerting step at a predetermined control cycle.
- the controller 30 determines whether the urea aqueous solution remaining ratio falls below the predetermined value TH1 (step S1).
- the controller 30 calculates the urea aqueous solution remaining ratio calculated by the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 based on the output of the urea aqueous solution remaining amount sensor 55a and a predetermined value TH1 (for example, 5%) preset in the ROM or the like. Compare with.
- the controller 30 ends the current attention stage transition process without inhibiting the lifting magnet 6 from being excited.
- the controller 30 calls attention of the driver of the work machine (step S2).
- the controller 30 outputs a control command to the image display device 40, and causes the image display unit 41 to display a text message indicating that the urea water remaining amount ratio has fallen below the predetermined value TH1. Then, the operator of the working machine is urged to replenish the urea water.
- the controller 30 may cause a voice message to be outputted from a car-mounted speaker etc. in addition to or instead of displaying the text message in the image display section 41, may light the remaining amount alarm lamp etc. You may make it sound.
- the controller 30 determines whether the operation mode of the work machine is the lifting magnet mode (step S3). In the present embodiment, the controller 30 determines whether the operation mode of the working machine is the lifting magnet mode or the shovel mode based on the output of the mode switch 62.
- step S4 When it is determined that the operation mode of the work machine is not the lifting magnet mode (NO in step S3), the controller 30 starts the adsorption prohibition restriction (step S4).
- the adsorption prohibition restriction is a function of prohibiting the excitation of the lifting magnet 6 (the adsorption of the object by the lifting magnet 6).
- the controller 30 does not excite the lifting magnet 6 even when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on when the suction inhibition limitation is started. Once the controller 30 starts the adsorption prohibition restriction, it does not release the adsorption prohibition restriction until the urea water is replenished.
- the controller 30 sets the value of the suction inhibition flag of the initial value “0” to “1” when the suction inhibition restriction is started.
- the adsorption inhibition flag is a flag indicating whether or not the adsorption inhibition restriction has been started, and the value "0" indicates the non-starting state (state in which the adsorption prohibition restriction is not started) and the value "1" indicates the start state ( Represents a state in which the adsorption prohibition restriction has been started).
- the controller 30 refers to the value of the adsorption inhibition flag when outputting the power generation start command to the power control device 64, and outputs the power generation start command if the value is "0” if it is the value "1” For example, do not output the power generation start command.
- step S3 When it is determined that the operation mode of the work machine is the lifting magnet mode (YES in step S3), the controller 30 determines whether the lifting magnet 6 is in the attracting state (step S5).
- step S4 When it is determined that the lifting magnet 6 is not in the attracting state (NO in step S5), the controller 30 starts the adsorption prohibition restriction (step S4).
- the controller 30 when it is determined that the lifting magnet 6 is not in the attracted state, that is, in the non-sucked state based on the output of the lifting magnet switch 65 (NO in step S5), the controller 30 starts the adsorption prohibition restriction. . Then, even when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on, the lifting magnet 6 is not excited. This is to prevent the lifting magnet 6 from being forcibly released when the engine rotation speed has to be reduced due to the shortage of urea water in the subsequent work.
- lifting magnet release mode the operation mode of the work machine in this state is referred to as "lifting magnet release mode".
- the controller 30 ends the current attention stage transition processing without starting the adsorption prohibition restriction. It is for preventing the fall of the target during adsorption.
- the operation mode of the working machine in this state will be referred to as the "adsorption / drop prevention mode".
- the controller 30 determines that the lifting magnet 6 is not in the suction state, and at that time, starts the suction prohibition restriction and lifts the operation mode of the working machine Switch to release mode.
- the controller 30 changes the control state of the lifting magnet 6 in accordance with the state of the urea water tank 55 (for example, the remaining amount of urea water) used in the selective reduction catalyst system 100.
- the working machine in FIG. 1 reduces and removes NOx in the exhaust gas with the selective reduction catalyst 86. Therefore, the content of NOx (nitrogen oxide) in the exhaust gas can be suppressed.
- the controller 30 prevents the adsorption prohibition restriction from being started if the lifting magnet 6 is in the middle of adsorbing the object even when the adsorption prohibition restriction is started due to the urea water shortage. Therefore, the controller 30 can prevent the reduction of the output of the lifting magnet generator 63 and the reduction or disappearance of the magnetic force of the lifting magnet 6 due to the start of the adsorption prohibition restriction caused by the shortage of urea water, and thus the lifting magnet 6 It is possible to prevent an object that is adsorbed from falling off.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing at the time of transition to the use restriction stage.
- the controller 30 repeatedly executes this usage restriction phase shift process at a predetermined control cycle.
- the controller 30 determines whether the duration of the alerting step has become equal to or greater than a predetermined time (step S11).
- the controller 30 may determine whether the urea water remaining amount ratio has reached a predetermined value TH2, instead of determining whether the duration of the alerting step has reached a predetermined time or more.
- the controller 30 ends the current use restriction step transition process without reducing the engine speed.
- step S12 the controller 30 outputs a warning (step S12).
- the controller 30 outputs a control command to the image display device 40, and causes the image display unit 41 to display a text message indicating that the remaining amount of urea water has almost disappeared. Then, the operator of the working machine is urged to make an early supply of urea water.
- the controller 30 may output an audio message from the on-vehicle speaker or the like.
- the controller 30 determines whether the operation mode of the work machine is the lifting magnet mode (step S13). In the present embodiment, the controller 30 determines whether the operation mode of the working machine is the lifting magnet mode or the shovel mode based on the output of the mode switch 62.
- the controller 30 accepts reduction of the engine rotational speed by the engine control device 74 (step S14). Specifically, the engine control device 74 forcibly reduces the engine speed regardless of the control by the controller 30 if the duration of the alerting step exceeds a predetermined time. The controller 30 does not execute any process for the reduction of the engine rotational speed by the engine control device 74. Further, when the engine speed is once reduced, the engine control device 74 prohibits an increase in the engine speed until the urea water is replenished.
- step S13 When it is determined that the operation mode of the work machine is the lifting magnet mode (YES in step S13), the controller 30 determines whether the lifting magnet 6 is in the attracting state (step S15).
- the controller 30 accepts the reduction of the engine rotational speed by the engine control device 74 (step S14).
- the engine control device 74 Accept reduction of rotation speed.
- the operation mode of the working machine in this state is referred to as a "use restriction mode”. This is because the absorption horsepower that can be consumed by the main pump 14 is limited by the reduction of the engine rotational speed.
- the controller 30 does not excite the lifting magnet 6 even when the lifting magnet switch 65 is turned on. This is to prevent the lifting magnet 6 from being forcibly released when the engine rotation speed has to be reduced due to the lack of urea water in the subsequent work, and thus the lifting magnet 6 is attracted. It is for preventing that an object falls.
- step S15 when it is determined that the lifting magnet 6 is in the attracting state (YES in step S15), the controller 30 invalidates the reduction of the engine rotational speed by the engine control device 74 (step S16). It is for preventing the fall of the target during adsorption.
- the controller 30 restores the engine speed to the original speed immediately after the engine speed is reduced to a predetermined speed by the engine control device 74, and the engine speed is reduced by the engine control device 74. Disable At this time, the operation mode of the work machine is the "escape mode".
- the controller 30 determines that the lifting magnet 6 is not in the attracting state, and shifts the operation mode of the working machine from the escape mode to the usage restriction mode at that time. As a result, the engine control device 74 reduces the engine speed to a predetermined speed. The purpose is to suppress the amount of NOx emissions and to prevent the operation of the working machine from continuing.
- the controller 30 controls the state of control of the lifting magnet 6 according to the state of the aqueous urea tank 55 used in the selective reduction catalyst system 100 (for example, the continuation time of the state where the remaining amount of aqueous urea is less than the predetermined value TH1). Change.
- the working machine in FIG. 1 reduces and removes NOx in the exhaust gas with the selective reduction catalyst 86. Therefore, the amount of NOx (nitrogen oxide) contained in the exhaust gas can be suppressed.
- the controller 30 is the most attractive member that the lifting magnet 6 adsorbs the object. If it is in the middle, the engine speed is not reduced. Therefore, the controller 30 can prevent the reduction of the output of the lifting magnet generator 63 and the reduction or disappearance of the magnetic force of the lifting magnet 6 due to the reduction of the engine rotation speed due to the shortage of urea water. It is possible to prevent an object that is adsorbed from falling off.
- the controller 30 overrides the reduction of the engine rotational speed by prioritizing the monitoring of the urea water remaining amount by the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 and the output limitation of the engine 11 by the engine control device 74. Therefore, even when the selective reduction catalyst system controller 93 and the engine control device 74 perform their own functions, the output of the lifting magnet generator 63 is lowered while the lifting magnet 6 is adsorbing the object. Thus, the magnetic force of the lifting magnet 6 can be prevented from being reduced or lost.
- the controller 30 determines whether or not the adsorption prohibition restriction is to be started when the urea aqueous solution remaining ratio falls below the predetermined value TH1, or the duration of the alerting step is a predetermined time. It is determined whether the reduction of the engine speed is to be invalidated when the above condition is reached.
- the controller 30 may detect the quality of urea water based on the outputs of various sensors, and determine whether to start the adsorption prohibition restriction when detecting a quality abnormality of the urea water.
- the controller 30 may determine whether or not to reduce the reduction of the engine rotational speed when detecting a quality abnormality of the urea water.
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Abstract
Description
モード切替スイッチ62は、作業機械の動作モードを切り替えるスイッチである。本実施例では、キャビン10内に設置されるロッカスイッチである。操作者はモード切替スイッチ62を操作してショベルモードとリフティングマグネットモードとを二者択一的に切り替える。ショベルモードは作業機械をショベルとして作動させるときのモードであり、例えばリフティングマグネット6の代わりにバケットが取り付けられているときに選択される。リフティングマグネットモードは作業機械をリフティングマグネット付き作業機械として作動させるときのモードであり、リフティングマグネット6がアーム5の先端に取り付けられているときに選択される。コントローラ30は各種センサの出力に基づいて作業機械の動作モードを自動的に切り替えてもよい。
Claims (7)
- リフティングマグネットと、
前記リフティングマグネットを支持するアームと、
前記アームを支持するブームと、
前記ブームを支持する上部旋回体と、
エンジンと、
選択還元触媒システムと、
前記リフティングマグネットの吸着・釈放を制御するコントローラと、
を有するリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量の状態に応じて前記リフティングマグネットの制御状態を変化させる、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量が所定量を下回った後で前記リフティングマグネットが吸着状態にあると判断した場合に前記リフティングマグネットの吸着状態を継続させる、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量が所定量を下回った後で前記リフティングマグネットが釈放状態にあると判断した場合に前記リフティングマグネットの励磁を禁止する、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量が所定量を下回った後で、前記エンジンの回転数を、前記リフティングマグネットの吸着力を維持できる回転数にする、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量が所定量を下回った後で前記リフティングマグネットが吸着状態にあると判断した場合に前記リフティングマグネットの吸着状態を継続させ、その後に前記リフティングマグネットが釈放状態にあると判断した場合に前記エンジンの回転数をアイドリング回転数にする、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。 - 前記コントローラは、前記選択還元触媒システムで用いる尿素水の残量が所定量を下回り且つ前記リフティングマグネットが釈放状態にあると判断した場合に前記リフティングマグネットの励磁を禁止する、
請求項1に記載のリフティングマグネット付き作業機械。
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EP15858684.2A EP3219657B1 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-09 | Working machine equipped with lifting magnet |
KR1020177012643A KR102426642B1 (ko) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-09 | 리프팅마그넷 장착 작업기계 |
CN201580060985.XA CN107001006B (zh) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-09 | 带有起重磁铁的工作机械 |
JP2016559040A JP6502379B2 (ja) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-09 | リフティングマグネット付き作業機械 |
US15/588,881 US10604382B2 (en) | 2014-11-10 | 2017-05-08 | Work machine with lifting magnet |
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KR20210036349A (ko) | 2018-07-27 | 2021-04-02 | 스미토모 겐키 가부시키가이샤 | 작업기계 |
US12030747B2 (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2024-07-09 | Sumitomo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. | Work machine |
JP2021008716A (ja) * | 2019-06-28 | 2021-01-28 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械 |
JP7130607B2 (ja) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-09-05 | 日立建機株式会社 | 作業機械 |
CN113602949A (zh) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-05 | 新乡市恒德机电有限公司 | 一种精密零件提升转运输送装置及提升转运输送方法 |
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KR102426642B1 (ko) | 2022-07-27 |
CN107001006B (zh) | 2019-08-06 |
EP3219657A4 (en) | 2017-10-25 |
JP6502379B2 (ja) | 2019-04-17 |
CN107001006A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
EP3219657A1 (en) | 2017-09-20 |
KR20170084080A (ko) | 2017-07-19 |
EP3219657B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
JPWO2016076271A1 (ja) | 2017-10-05 |
US20170240387A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
US10604382B2 (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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