WO2015111691A1 - 電極端子、電力用半導体装置、および電力用半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
電極端子、電力用半導体装置、および電力用半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015111691A1 WO2015111691A1 PCT/JP2015/051812 JP2015051812W WO2015111691A1 WO 2015111691 A1 WO2015111691 A1 WO 2015111691A1 JP 2015051812 W JP2015051812 W JP 2015051812W WO 2015111691 A1 WO2015111691 A1 WO 2015111691A1
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Definitions
- the portion facing the power semiconductor element 3 has a width of 12 mm, and corresponds to each main electrode of the two power semiconductor elements 3 (3S, 3R), and has an opening 622a (width direction 10 mm ⁇ length). 2 places are formed in the vertical direction (8 mm).
- the case 8 is fixed to the ceramic substrate 2 in which the IGBT 3S and the diode 3R are solder-die bonded using an adhesive 9.
- the protruding portion 621b that straddles the opening 622a and is separated from the facing surface 622f contacts the main electrode of the IGBT 3S or the diode 3R. Therefore, with the main electrode facing upward, the ultrasonic bonding tool 901 is inserted into the opening 622a, and the first lead portion 621 is bonded to each main electrode of the IGBT 3S or the diode 3R by ultrasonic bonding. Furthermore, since the lead terminal 61 and the conductive layer 2a of the ceramic substrate 2 are also in contact, ultrasonic bonding is performed.
- a copper layer 62m having a thickness of 0.7 mm and an aluminum layer 62e having a thickness of 0.2 mm thinner than the copper layer 62m are included.
- a laminated copper aluminum clad material 62M is used.
- a predetermined range of the copper layer 62m is removed by etching to form an opening 622a.
- slits 621s penetrating the aluminum layer 62e are formed on both sides in the width direction of the portion of the aluminum layer 62e exposed from the opening 622a.
- the electrode terminal 62 can be easily formed.
- the ceramic substrate 2 was formed by forming 0.4 mm thick copper conductive layers 2a and 2b on both sides of an alumina (Al2O3) ceramic base 2i of 50 mm ⁇ 25 mm ⁇ 0.635 mm thick.
- the power semiconductor element 3 is an element using SiC, which is a wide band gap semiconductor material.
- the switching element is IGBT3S having a rectangular plate shape with a thickness of 0.25 mm and a 15 mm square, and the rectifying element is thickness.
- a diode 3R having a rectangular plate shape of 0.25 mm, 13 mm ⁇ 15 mm was used.
- the first extraction portion 621 for ultrasonic bonding (including the first extraction portions 623 and 624 of the modified example) and the second extraction portion 622 that is thicker than the first extraction portion 621 are combined.
- the effect of obtaining a highly reliable power semiconductor device 1 corresponding to a large current can be further exhibited. That is, by using the electrode terminal 62 according to each embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a high-performance power semiconductor device 1 that takes advantage of the characteristics of a wide band gap semiconductor.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Wire Bonding (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Semiconductors Or Solid State Devices (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1~図3は、本発明の実施の形態1にかかる電極端子とそれを用いた電力用半導体装置の構成、および製造方法について説明するための図であり、図1(a)は電力用半導体装置から封止樹脂を除いた状態の平面図、図1(b)は電力用半導体装置の断面図で、切断位置は図1(a)のA-A線に対応する。図2は電力用半導体装置から封止樹脂を除いた状態の斜視図である。そして、図3(a)~(d)は、電極端子およびそれを用いた電力用半導体装置の製造方法を説明するための、工程ごとの断面図である。
(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)3Sを、整流素子としては、厚さ0.25mm、13mm×15mmの矩形板状をなすダイオード3Rを用いた。
Sulfide)樹脂製のケース8の内部にセラミック基材2i部分との隙間を埋めるようにして位置決め固定されている。なお、リード端子61、電極端子
62、および信号端子52は、それぞれ、ケース8にインサートモールド形成されており、リード端子61と電極端子62のケース8の上部(図中右側上部)から露出した端部61c、62cは、ナットとともにネジ止め端子となっている。また、信号端子52のケース8の上部(図中左側上部)から露出した端部52tは、ピン状に形成している。
622の電力用半導体素子3への対向面622fの幅方向の中心で、長さ方向に沿って接合されている。その際、開口部622aをまたぐ部分は、それぞれ対向面622fから離れるように湾曲し、電力用半導体素子3のそれぞれの主電極と超音波接合によって接合されている。
まず、図3(a)に示すように、モールドインサートにより、リード端子61、信号端子52に加え、電極端子62のうち第二引出部622を一体化したケース8を形成する。そして、図3(b)に示すように、対向面622fが上を向くように、ベース902に対してケース8を裏返した状態で設置する。下側から見た際に、開口部622aから第一引出部621が見えるように、超音波接合ツール901を用いて、第二引出部622に対して第一引出部621の接合を行い、電極端子62を形成する。
62を形成するようにしてもよい。
621の材料としては、母材どうしの接合時に主電極へ衝撃がかからないよう、第二引出部622よりも弾性率が低い材料であることが望ましいが、衝撃をコントロールできる装置を用いる場合は銅リボンであっても問題ない。また、形状としても、第二引出部622よりも厚みが薄い(あるいは径が細い)ことが望ましいが、素子の耐衝撃性に問題がなければ必須ではない。
Transistor)でもよい。また、ダイオード3Rとしては、SBD(Schottky Barrier Diode:ショットキーバリアダイオード)など、様々な種類の素子を用いることができる。また、素子数も2個に限ることはなく、それ以上でも、1個でもよい。
上記例では、別々の部材であった銅板の第二引出部とアルミリボンの第一引出部とを接合して電極端子を形成する例を示したがこれに限ることはない。例えば、銅アルミクラッド材をエッチング加工や機械切削によって銅だけを除去することによっても形成可能である。本変形例では、第一変形例として、エッチング加工により銅アルミクラッド材を電極端子に加工する方法について説明する。
622aから露出したアルミ層62e部分の幅方向の両側に、それぞれアルミ層62eを貫通するスリット621sを形成する。そして、図4(d)に示すように、スリット621sで挟まれた部分が対向面622fから離れるように突出部621bを形成するとともに、ケース8に埋め込まれる側の部分の折り曲げ等を行うと、電極端子62が完成する。ここでは、電極端子
62を形成するための材料として、厚さ0.7mmの銅層62mと、厚さ
0.2mmのアルミ層62eを用いたが、厚さに特に制約はなく、銅とアルミの厚さが逆になっていても同様の効果が得られる。
上記例では、第一引出部を一本のアルミリボンで形成する例を示したが、これに限ることはない。本変形例では、第二変形例として、図5に示すように、2mm幅のアルミリボンを3本並列に接合したものを第一引出部623とした。これにより、各アルミリボンをそれぞれ独立して主電極と接合することで、電力用半導体素子3がセラミック基板2に対して傾いてダイボンドされたり、アルミリボンが第二引出部622に対して傾いて接合されたりした場合でも、相対的な傾きの影響が受けにくくなる。そのため、さらに信頼性の高い電力用半導体装置1の形成が可能となる。
上記例では、第一引出部をアルミリボンで形成する例を示したが、これに限ることはない。本変形例では、第三変形例として、図6に示すように、アルミリボンに代えて、φ0.5mmのアルミワイヤを5本張ったものを第一引出部624とした。これにより、さらなる接合部の安定化が可能となるので、電力用半導体素子3の寸法に対して電流容量が比較的小さい場合には有効な手段となる。
上記例では、主電極に対する第一引出部621の接合については、超音波接合を例として示したが、これに限ることはない。主電極に対する第一引出部の接合に、はんだのようなロウ材を使ってもよい。例えば、図7に示すように、主電極や第一引出部の素材に対して接合可能なはんだ材41を用いることもできる。主電極素材をニッケルや銅とし、第一引出部を銅リボンあるいはアルミ/銅を積層したクラッドリボンからなる第一引出部625とすることで、はんだ材41により接合する面にははんだ付けの容易な銅の層
625Cを、第二引出部622と接合する面は超音波接合しやすいアルミの層625Aを配置することが可能となり、通常のスズ系はんだ材を用いて接続することが可能となる。また、第一引出部625の主電極との接合部に開口部625aを形成することではんだ材の供給を容易にし、余剰はんだの周辺への流れ出しを抑制することが可能となる。はんだ材は導電性接着剤や銀ナノペーストのような接合材料を用いても構わない。
上記例では、第二引出部622を、モールドインサートによりケース8と一体形成して用いる例を示したが、ガラスエポキシ製プリント基板を第二引出部として用いてもよい。図8に示すように、ガラスエポキシ製プリント基板626は、ガラスエポキシ基板626bの両表面に銅からなる表面導体層626c、626dを形成したものである。ガラスエポキシ製プリント基板626の一方の表面導体層626cを第一引出部621に接合し、ガラスエポキシ製プリント基板626に設けられた開口部626aから超音波接合ツールを用いて、この第二引出部626cに接合した引出部621を主電極に接合することで、同様の効果が得られる。この際には、ガラスエポキシ製プリント基板626の表面導体層626cとは反対側の表面導体層626dの上に信号端子52を設け、IGBT3Sのゲート電極3gとワイヤボンド
51によって接続して信号回路5を形成することで、ケースを単純化することが可能となる。
(626aも含む)のそれぞれでリボンやワイヤを接合するようにしてもよい。また、第一引出部621(623、624、625も含む)を電流経路に沿って開口部622aをまたぐように形成した例を示したが、これに限ることはない。例えば、第二引出部622(626も含む)の幅方向の両側から、開口部622a(626aも含む)をまたぐように形成してもよい。さらに、第二引出部622(626も含む)には開口部622a(626aも含む)を形成したが、これに限ることはない。例えば、図9に示すように、第二引出部627に開口部の一端が解放された切り欠部627aを形成しても、同様の効果が得られる。
621(623、624、625も含む)と、主電極に対して間隔をあけて対向配置される一端部から外部回路と接続される他端部まで連なるように、第一引出部621(623、624、625も含む)よりも弾性率が高い板材で形成され、一端部の主電極への対向面622f(626fも含む)に、第一引出部621(623、624、625も含む)の主電極に接合される部分(突出部621b、625b)の隣接部が接合された第二引出部622(626も含む)と、を備え、第一引出部621(623、624、625も含む)は、主電極に接合される部分(突出部621b、625b)が対向面622f(626fも含む)から離れるように形成されるとともに、第二引出部622(626も含む)には、主電極に対応した開口部622a
(626aも含む)が形成されているように構成したので、電極端子の主電極から外部回路にかけての電流経路の抵抗を増大させることなく、主電力電極への衝撃を抑制して母材どうしを接合させることができるので、メタライズ等が不要であるにもかかわらず、回路基板(セラミック基板2)上に余分なスペースを設けることはない。そのため、大電流に対応し、信頼性の高い電力用半導体装置を得ることができる。
622aと主電極(例えば、エミッタ電極3e)との位置を合わせて、回路基板(セラミック基板2)に対して電極端子62(あるいはそれが設けられたケース8)を固定する工程と、開口部622a(626aも含む)から治具(例えば、超音波接合ツール901)を挿入、あるいはレーザ光を照射して、第一引出部621(623、624、625も含む)と主電極とを超音波接合、真空圧接あるいはレーザ溶接により接合する工程と、を含むようにしたので、大電流に対応し、信頼性の高い電力用半導体装置を容易に製造することができる。
本実施の形態2にかかる電力用半導体装置では、実施の形態1で説明した電力用半導体装置に対して、封止体をトランスファモールド成型によって形成するように封止構造を変更したものである。図10は、本発明の実施の形態2にかかる電極端子とそれを用いた電力用半導体装置の構成について説明するための図であり、図10(a)は電力用半導体装置から封止樹脂を除いた状態の平面図、図10(b)は電力用半導体装置の断面図で、切断位置は図10(a)のB-B線に対応する。本実施の形態2においては、電極端子のうち、第一引出部の構造については、変形例を含め実施の形態1で説明したものと同様であるので説明を省略する。また、図中、実施の形態1で説明したものと同様のものには同じ符号を付しており、重複する部分についての詳細な説明は省略する。
Cu:融点219℃)によって電力用半導体素子3がダイボンド(接合)されている。
62、リード端子61、信号端子52は、外部に露出した端部以外の部分が、封止体7によって完全に固定される。
2a,2b:導電層、 2i:セラミック基材、 3:電力用半導体素子、
4:はんだ(接合部)、 5:信号回路、 6:主電流回路、
7:封止体、 8:ケース、 9:接着剤、 61:リード端子、
62:電極リード、 621,623,624,625:第一引出部、
621b,625b:突出部、 622,626:第二引出部、
622a,626a:開口部、 622f,626f:対向面、
901:超音波接合ツール(治具)、 902:ベース。
Claims (17)
- 電力用半導体素子の主電極と外部回路とを接続するための電極端子であって、
前記主電極に接合される第一引出部と、
前記主電極に対して間隔をあけて対向配置される一端部から前記外部回路と接続される他端部まで連なるように、板材で形成され、前記一端部の前記主電極への対向面に、前記第一引出部の前記主電極に接合される部分の隣接部が接合された第二引出部と、を備え、
前記第一引出部は、前記主電極に接合される部分が前記対向面から離れるように形成されるとともに、前記第二引出部には、前記主電極に対応した開口部または切欠き部が形成されていることを特徴とする電極端子。 - 前記第二引出部が、絶縁回路基板で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極端子。
- 前記絶縁回路基板が、ガラスエポキシ基板から形成されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電極端子。
- 前記第一引出部を形成する部材が、前記第二引出部を構成する部材よりも厚みが薄いことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子。
- 前記第一引出部を形成する部材が、前記第二引出部を構成する部材よりも弾性係数が小さいことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子。
- 前記第一引出部が、アルミリボンで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子。
- 前記第一引出部が、アルミワイヤで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子。
- 前記第一引出部が、2種以上の金属を積層したクラッドリボンで形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子。
- 回路基板と、
前記回路基板に接合された電力用半導体素子と、
前記電力用半導体素子の主電極と前記第一引出部とが母材どうしで接合された請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の電極端子と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電力用半導体装置。 - 前記電力用半導体素子は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体材料で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体材料は、炭化ケイ素、窒化ガリウム系材料、およびダイヤモンドのうちのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 回路基板と、
前記回路基板に接合された電力用半導体素子と、
前記電力用半導体素子の主電極と前記第一引出部とが母材どうしで接合された請求項8に記載の電極端子と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電力用半導体装置。 - 前記電力用半導体素子は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体材料で形成されていることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体材料は、炭化ケイ素、窒化ガリウム系材料、およびダイヤモンドのうちのいずれかであることを特徴とする請求項13に記載の電力用半導体装置。
- 請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置を製造する方法であって、
前記回路基板に前記電力用半導体素子を接合する工程と、
前記開口部と前記主電極との位置を合わせて、前記回路基板に対して前記電極端子を固定する工程と、
前記開口部から治具を挿入し、前記第一引出部と前記主電極とを超音波接合または真空圧接により接合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする電力用半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項9から11のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記回路基板に前記電力用半導体素子を接合する工程と、
前記開口部と前記主電極との位置を合わせて、前記回路基板に対して前記電極端子を固定する工程と、
前記開口部を通して、前記第一引出部にレーザ光を照射し、前記第一引出部と前記主電極とをレーザ溶接により接合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする電力用半導体装置の製造方法。 - 請求項12から14のいずれか1項に記載の電力用半導体装置の製造方法であって、
前記回路基板に前記電力用半導体素子を接合する工程と、
前記開口部と前記主電極との位置を合わせて、前記回路基板に対して前記電極端子を固定する工程と、
前記開口部からロウ材を供給し、前記第一引出部と前記主電極とを前記ロウ材により接合する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする電力用半導体装置の製造方法。
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JP7482259B2 (ja) | 2020-06-12 | 2024-05-13 | 無錫利普思半導体有限公司 | パワー半導体モジュール |
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US20160293563A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
JPWO2015111691A1 (ja) | 2017-03-23 |
CN105706236B (zh) | 2019-03-01 |
DE112015000513T5 (de) | 2016-11-10 |
CN105706236A (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
JP6139710B2 (ja) | 2017-05-31 |
US9899345B2 (en) | 2018-02-20 |
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