WO2015033826A1 - ケイ酸塩セラミックス、板状基板および板状基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
ケイ酸塩セラミックス、板状基板および板状基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 100
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 239000006089 photosensitive glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- WVMPCBWWBLZKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium oxido-[oxido(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O WVMPCBWWBLZKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910021489 α-quartz Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- KXSKAZFMTGADIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(2-hydroxyethoxy)propoxy]ethanol Chemical compound OCCOCCCOCCO KXSKAZFMTGADIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 101000693243 Homo sapiens Paternally-expressed gene 3 protein Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 102100025757 Paternally-expressed gene 3 protein Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- YTZVWGRNMGHDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetralithium;silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YTZVWGRNMGHDJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000511976 Hoya Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000333 X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018068 Li 2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
- C03C10/0018—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents
- C03C10/0027—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition containing SiO2, Al2O3 and monovalent metal oxide as main constituents containing SiO2, Al2O3, Li2O as main constituents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
- C03B25/02—Annealing glass products in a discontinuous way
- C03B25/025—Glass sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B32/00—Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups C03B19/00, C03B25/00 - C03B31/00 or C03B37/00, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities; Hot-pressing vitrified, non-porous, shaped glass products
- C03B32/02—Thermal crystallisation, e.g. for crystallising glass bodies into glass-ceramic articles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/095—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing rare earths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/04—Compositions for glass with special properties for photosensitive glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3203—Lithium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3418—Silicon oxide, silicic acids or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. silica sol, fused silica, silica fume, cristobalite, quartz or flint
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/36—Glass starting materials for making ceramics, e.g. silica glass
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/78—Grain sizes and shapes, product microstructures, e.g. acicular grains, equiaxed grains, platelet-structures
- C04B2235/781—Nanograined materials, i.e. having grain sizes below 100 nm
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a silicate ceramic, a plate-like substrate, and a method for producing the plate-like substrate, and more specifically, a silicate ceramic formed by crystallizing silicate glass, and a plate formed of the silicate ceramic.
- the present invention relates to a substrate and a manufacturing method thereof.
- An interposer is known as a relay that is interposed between a semiconductor element and a substrate and electrically connects the semiconductor element and the substrate.
- a gas electronic amplifier using electronic avalanche amplification is known as a gas electronic amplifier using electronic avalanche amplification.
- the common point between the interposer and the gas electronic amplifier is that a substrate having an extremely large number of fine through holes is used.
- a substrate in which a through-hole is filled with a conductive metal is used.
- a Si wafer has been used as a substrate constituting an interposer (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Although the Si wafer is easy to finely process, it is expensive and has a problem in terms of cost.
- polyimide base materials have been used as substrates for gas electronic amplifiers (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
- the gas electronic amplifier has a problem that discharge due to a high voltage applied in order to obtain a high amplification factor is likely to occur, and this discharge deteriorates polyimide having low mechanical characteristics.
- the photosensitive glass is a glass in which only the exposed portion is crystallized by exposing and heat-treating a silicate glass containing a photosensitive component and a sensitizing component.
- the crystallized part has a very high dissolution rate with respect to the acid compared to the non-crystallized part. Therefore, by utilizing this property, selective etching can be performed on the photosensitive glass. According to such selective etching, a large number of through holes can be formed simultaneously. As a result, fine processing can be performed on the photosensitive glass at low cost without using machining.
- photosensitive glass which is less expensive than Si wafers and has better mechanical properties than polyimide, is beginning to be applied to substrates for interposers, substrates for gas electronic amplifiers, substrates for IPD (Integrated Passive Device), etc. .
- the substrate used for the above applications is also required to have a high through-hole density by reducing the substrate thickness, increasing the substrate size, and reducing the diameter of the through-hole, while reducing costs.
- the substrate has good mechanical properties.
- the above photosensitive glass has good mechanical properties as glass, it is not sufficient to realize such a requirement.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, is suitable for fine processing, and has excellent mechanical properties, a plate-like substrate that is composed of the material and has excellent mechanical properties even when the thickness is thin, and the plate It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a substrate.
- the present inventor can solve the above problems by crystallizing silicate glass into a ceramic (polycrystal) having a very high degree of crystallinity and controlling the ratio of the crystal phase precipitated by crystallization. As a result, the present invention has been completed.
- an aspect of the present invention is a silicate ceramic formed by crystallizing a silicate glass containing at least silicon oxide and lithium oxide.
- This silicate ceramic has a crystallinity of 95% or more, and the silicate ceramic has a lithium disilicate crystal phase and an ⁇ -quartz crystal phase. Further, the ratio of the lithium disilicate crystal phase to the ⁇ -quartz crystal phase in the silicate ceramic is larger in the weight ratio of the lithium disilicate crystal phase.
- the ratio of the lithium disilicate crystal phase to the ⁇ -quartz crystal phase is preferably 60:40 to 80:20 by weight.
- the silicate glass is preferably a photosensitive glass.
- the bending strength of the silicate ceramic is preferably 130 MPa or more.
- the crystallite size of the lithium disilicate crystal phase and the ⁇ -quartz crystal phase is preferably in the range of 20 to 30 nm.
- Another aspect of the present invention is a plate-like substrate made of the silicate ceramic of the above aspect and having a plurality of through holes, and the thickness thereof is 1.0 mm or less.
- the diameter of the plate substrate is preferably 50 mm or more.
- Another embodiment of the present invention includes a microfabrication process in which microfabrication is performed on a plate-like substrate composed of photosensitive glass containing at least silicon oxide and lithium oxide, and the photosensitive glass is crystallized by heat treatment after the microfabrication process. And a crystallization step of obtaining a plate-like substrate composed of the silicate ceramic of the above aspect.
- a material suitable for microfabrication and having excellent mechanical properties a plate-like substrate composed of the material and having excellent mechanical properties even when the thickness is thin, and a method for producing the plate-like substrate are provided. Can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a manufacturing process of a plate substrate in the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an X-ray diffraction profile of a sample according to an example of the present invention.
- the silicate ceramic according to this embodiment is obtained by crystallizing silicate glass containing at least silicon oxide and lithium oxide.
- photosensitive glass is used as the silicate glass in order to easily enable fine processing by selective etching using the difference in solubility with respect to acid. First, photosensitive glass will be described.
- the photosensitive glass contains Au, Ag, and Cu as photosensitive components in SiO 2 —Li 2 O—Al 2 O 3 glass, and further contains CeO 2 as a sensitizing component. It is glass. More specific compositions are SiO 2 : 55 to 85 mass%, Al 2 O 3 : 2 to 20 mass%, Li 2 O: 5 to 15 mass%, and SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 and Li 2 The total amount of O is 85% by mass or more based on the entire photosensitive glass, Au: 0.001 to 0.05% by mass, Ag: 0.001 to 0.5% by mass, Cu 2 O: 0.0. Examples include a composition containing 001 to 1% by mass as a photosensitive component and further containing CeO 2 : 0.001 to 0.2% by mass as a sensitizing component.
- Such a photosensitive glass is crystallized by heat treatment.
- two types of crystallization proceed depending on the temperature during the heat treatment.
- these two types of crystallization are referred to as a first crystallization and a second crystallization, respectively.
- the first crystallization proceeds by heat treatment in the range of 450 to 600 ° C., and in the present embodiment, is performed to enable the fine processing described above.
- first, ultraviolet light is irradiated to the photosensitive glass, and electrons are released from the sensitizing component (CeO 2 or the like) by the energy of the ultraviolet ray, and ions of the photosensitive component (Au, Ag, Cu, etc.) are emitted. Captures the electrons, thereby generating metal atoms of the photosensitive component in the photosensitive glass.
- lithium monosilicate (Li 2 O—SiO 2 ) crystals the metal atoms present in the glass aggregate to form a colloid, and this colloid serves as a crystal nucleus to precipitate lithium monosilicate (Li 2 O—SiO 2 ) crystals.
- this lithium monosilicate crystal has higher solubility in hydrogen fluoride than a non-crystallized glass portion, it can be finely processed using this property.
- the photosensitive glass is crystallized by the second crystallization after being finely processed using the first crystallization to become a silicate ceramic.
- the silicate ceramic is a polycrystal obtained through an amorphous glass.
- the second crystallization proceeds by heat treatment in the range of 800 to 900 ° C., and in this embodiment, is performed to obtain a polycrystal.
- a heat treatment is performed at a temperature higher than that in the first crystallization, whereby lithium disilicate (Li 2 O-2SiO 2 ) crystals and ⁇ -quartz crystals begin to precipitate.
- Lithium disilicate crystals are bonded directly to the inside of the glass by the heat treatment in the second crystallization, and the lithium monosilicate crystals precipitated by the first crystallization and silicon oxide (SiO 2 ) in the glass. The case where it precipitates by doing is considered.
- this silicate ceramic is a polycrystalline body composed of many crystals, and is no longer an amorphous body such as photosensitive glass.
- the degree of crystallinity indicating the proportion of crystals contained in the entire silicate ceramic is 95% or more. Therefore, the silicate ceramic according to the present embodiment is substantially composed of crystals and contains almost no amorphous phase.
- crystallized glass glass obtained by crystallizing photosensitive glass.
- this crystallized glass is a glass in which crystals are precipitated on the entire photosensitive glass, but not all of the entire photosensitive glass is crystallized.
- the crystallinity of PEG3C manufactured by HOYA Corporation, which is a crystallized photosensitive glass is about 30%.
- the crystallinity of the silicate ceramic according to this embodiment is much higher than that of ordinary crystallized glass.
- the crystal phase of the silicate ceramic is composed of the two crystal phases described above, and the mechanical properties of the silicate ceramic can be improved by setting the ratio within the above range.
- a phase other than the above two phases for example, a crystal phase of lithium monosilicate (Li 2 O—SiO 2 ) does not exist. This is because, when the silicate ceramic according to the present embodiment includes a lithium monosilicate crystal phase, the mechanical properties of the silicate ceramic tend to deteriorate.
- the crystal phase of lithium disilicate and the crystal phase of ⁇ -quartz are composed of extremely fine crystals, and the size of the crystals matches the crystallite diameter.
- the crystallite diameters of the lithium disilicate crystal and ⁇ -quartz crystal are preferably in the range of 20 to 30 nm.
- a grain boundary is formed between the grains. It is considered that a component that has not been incorporated into the lithium disilicate crystal phase and the ⁇ -quartz crystal phase is present at this grain boundary. Therefore, it is considered that components other than silicon oxide and lithium oxide (for example, aluminum oxide, photosensitive component, and sensitizing component) exist at the grain boundary.
- the crystallinity described above, the weight ratio of the crystal phase, and the crystallite diameter are calculated using an X-ray diffraction method.
- Crystallinity (%) 100 ⁇ (crystal scattering intensity) / (crystal scattering intensity + amorphous scattering intensity)
- the crystallite diameter can be calculated from the Scherrer equation using the half width of a specific peak in an X-ray diffraction profile obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement.
- the lithium disilicate is calculated using the half width of the peak of the (111) plane
- ⁇ -quartz is calculated using the half width of the peak of the (011) plane.
- crystallinity and the weight ratio of the crystal phase are described later, it has been clarified by the present inventor that the crystallinity and the weight ratio of the crystal phase can be controlled by the heat treatment temperature and the temperature-decreasing rate after annealing.
- the silicate ceramic according to this embodiment is a polycrystal, has a high degree of crystallinity, and controls the weight ratio of the crystal phase to a specific range. By doing in this way, the silicate ceramics which are excellent in a mechanical characteristic are obtained.
- the bending strength is exemplified as one of the mechanical characteristics, but the bending strength of the silicate ceramic according to the present embodiment is 130 MPa or more. The bending strength may be measured according to JIS R 1601.
- the plate-like substrate is made of the silicate ceramic described above.
- the plate-like substrate may be a circular plate shape or a rectangular plate shape such as a rectangle or a square depending on the application.
- the thickness of the plate substrate is 1.0 mm or less. Since the plate-like substrate is made of the silicate ceramic, the mechanical properties are good even if the thickness is small.
- the diameter of the plate substrate is not particularly limited, but the effect of the present invention becomes more remarkable when the plate substrate diameter is 50 mm or more.
- the diameter of the plate substrate indicates the diameter when the plate substrate is a circular plate, and indicates the length of the side when the plate substrate is a rectangular plate.
- a plurality of through holes are regularly arranged on the main surface of the substrate.
- the shape of the through hole is not particularly limited, but is usually circular in plan view.
- the diameter of the through holes is about 5 to 100 ⁇ m, and the arrangement pitch of the through holes is about 10 to 300 ⁇ m. That is, the plate-like substrate is a substrate in which a very large number (thousands to millions) of fine through holes are formed. A method of forming the through hole will be described later.
- the plate-like substrate in which the through holes are formed is applied to, for example, an interposer, a gas electronic amplifier substrate, and the like.
- an interposer When applied to an interposer, the through hole of the substrate is filled with a conductive metal to ensure conduction between the front and back surfaces.
- electrodes When applied to a gas electronic amplifier substrate, electrodes are formed on the front and back surfaces so as not to cover the through holes.
- the plate-like substrate forms a latent image on a base material composed of photosensitive glass, and after the latent image is crystallized, dissolves and removes it to form through holes, and then crystallizes the photosensitive glass. It is manufactured by converting to silicate ceramics. First, the photosensitive glass which comprises a base material is manufactured.
- raw materials for the components constituting the photosensitive glass are prepared.
- an oxide of the component or a composite oxide can be used.
- various compounds that become oxides or complex oxides when melted can be used. Examples of what becomes an oxide upon melting include carbonates, oxalates, nitrates, hydroxides and the like.
- the prepared starting materials are weighed and mixed so as to have a predetermined composition ratio to obtain a raw material mixture.
- the obtained raw material mixture is put into a melting container (for example, a platinum crucible) and melted.
- the temperature at the time of melting may be appropriately set according to the composition of the photosensitive glass, but is about 1400 to 1450 ° C. in this embodiment.
- the molten glass is stirred, clarified, and the like to obtain a homogeneous molten glass.
- the photosensitive glass is obtained by pouring this molten glass into a predetermined mold, forming it into a predetermined shape (for example, a rod shape, a block shape, etc.), and slowly cooling it. And it cuts out from the block of the manufactured photosensitive glass, and the base material 11 comprised from the photosensitive glass 1a is obtained (refer Fig.1 (a)).
- a predetermined shape for example, a rod shape, a block shape, etc.
- a latent image 16 is formed on a portion of the base material 11 that is to be a through hole (hereinafter also referred to as a through hole formation scheduled portion).
- the latent image 16 is formed by exposing the substrate 11 through the ultraviolet rays 50 passing through the opening of the photomask 30, that is, the portion where the light shielding film 31 is not formed.
- the latent image 16 there is a metal of the photosensitive component generated by the oxidation-reduction reaction between the photosensitive component (Au or the like) and the sensitizing component (Ce or the like).
- the heat treatment is performed in the range of 450 to 600 ° C.
- the holding time is not particularly limited, and may be set to a time that allows lithium monosilicate crystals to sufficiently precipitate and the size of the crystals not to become too large. This is because if the crystal size becomes too large, the precision of microfabrication by etching, which will be described later, deteriorates.
- the formed crystallized portion 17 is dissolved and removed by etching using HF (hydrogen fluoride) as shown in FIG. Form.
- the crystallized portion 17, that is, lithium monosilicate, is more easily dissolved in hydrogen fluoride than the non-crystallized glass portion.
- the difference in dissolution rate between the crystallized portion 17 and the glass portion other than the crystallized portion is about 50 times. Therefore, by utilizing this difference in dissolution rate, hydrogen fluoride is used as an etching solution, and for example, by spraying hydrogen fluoride on both surfaces of the substrate 11 by spray etching (not shown), the crystallized portion 17 is dissolved.
- the through-holes 15 are formed by removing them. That is, the through hole 15 can be formed by selectively etching the base material 11.
- the photosensitive glass substrate 10a in which the through-holes 15 are formed is heat-treated to crystallize the photosensitive glass 1a constituting the base material, so that the photosensitive glass substrate 10a is formed from the silicate ceramics 1. A plate-like substrate 10 is obtained.
- the heat treatment in the second crystallization step is performed at a higher temperature than the heat treatment in the first crystallization step, for example, maintained in the range of 800 to 900 ° C., and then gradually cooled.
- the heat treatment holding time is preferably 120 minutes or longer. This is because crystallization of the photosensitive glass can be promoted and the crystallinity can be increased.
- the entire surface of the plate substrate may be irradiated with ultraviolet rays before the heat treatment in the second crystallization step.
- This heat treatment causes lithium disilicate crystals and ⁇ -quartz crystals to be precipitated on the entire photosensitive glass, and almost all of the photosensitive glass is crystallized to form silicate ceramics. That is, the plate-like substrate in which the through holes are formed is composed of silicate ceramics.
- the obtained plate-like substrate is composed of the silicate ceramics described above, it has excellent mechanical properties and is suitably used for the applications described above.
- a silicate ceramic formed by crystallizing photosensitive glass is obtained.
- This silicate ceramic is composed of a lithium disilicate crystal and an ⁇ -quartz crystal, and has a crystallinity much higher than that of ordinary crystallized glass, and is almost composed of crystals.
- the weight ratio of the lithium disilicate crystal phase and the ⁇ -quartz crystal phase is in the above range.
- the crystallite diameters of lithium disilicate and ⁇ -quartz are both in the range of 20 to 30 nm. Therefore, both the lithium disilicate crystal and the ⁇ -quartz crystal in the silicate ceramic are extremely fine.
- the silicate ceramics are not easily deformed even when an external force is applied. Moreover, even if a crack is generated in the silicate ceramics by an external force, the crack is difficult to progress. Therefore, the silicate ceramic according to the present embodiment is excellent in mechanical properties. Specifically, a silicate ceramic having a bending strength of 130 MPa or more can be obtained.
- the plate-like substrate composed of such silicate ceramics has extremely high mechanical characteristics. Therefore, even when the substrate is a very thin substrate having a thickness of 1.0 mm or less, sufficient mechanical characteristics are ensured.
- This effect is remarkable even when the substrate is thin and the length of the substrate in the planar direction, that is, the substrate diameter is large. Specifically, even when the substrate diameter is 50 mm or more, a substrate exhibiting sufficient mechanical characteristics can be obtained.
- the heat treatment temperature may be maintained within the above-described range and gradually cooled at a predetermined temperature-decreasing rate.
- the photosensitive glass is used as the silicate glass.
- a silicate glass containing no photosensitive component may be used. In such a silicate glass, only the second crystallization in the above-described embodiment occurs.
- the through hole is formed as the fine processing for the base material made of the photosensitive glass.
- other fine processing may be performed.
- the bottomed hole may be formed by forming the latent image halfway through the base material.
- Example 1 In Example 1, the characteristics of silicate ceramics were evaluated. First, PEG3 manufactured by HOYA Corporation was prepared as a photosensitive glass. PEG3 was composed of SiO 2 —Li 2 O—Al 2 O 3 glass, and had a photosensitive component and a sensitizing component.
- the PEG3 was heat treated at 500 ° C., 750 ° C., 820 ° C., 870 ° C. and 900 ° C. to obtain a sample.
- the holding time of the heat treatment was 240 minutes, and the temperature lowering rate in the slow cooling after holding was 25 ° C./hr.
- X-ray diffraction measurement was performed on the obtained sample (PEG3 after heat treatment).
- Cu-K ⁇ ray was used as the X-ray source, and the measurement conditions were a tube voltage of 45 kV, a tube current of 200 mA, a scan range of 5 to 80 °, a scan step of 0.04 °, and a scan speed of 10 ° / It was set to min.
- FIG. 2 shows an X-ray diffraction profile of PEG3 (sample number 4) subjected to heat treatment at 870 ° C.
- sample numbers 1 to 5 For each sample (sample numbers 1 to 5), based on the obtained X-ray diffraction profile, the crystallinity, the weight ratio of the crystal phase, and the crystallite diameter were calculated as follows. The crystallite diameter was calculated only for the sample (sample number 4) that was heat-treated at 870 ° C.
- Crystallinity was calculated from the obtained X-ray diffraction profile by separating the total X-ray scattering intensity into a crystal scattering intensity and an amorphous scattering intensity, and the above equation (1). The results are shown in Table 1.
- Weight ratio of crystal phase The weight ratio of the crystal phase is calculated from the obtained X-ray diffraction profile by the ratio between the peak intensity attributed to the (111) plane of lithium disilicate and the peak intensity attributed to the (011) plane of ⁇ -quartz. did. The results are shown in Table 1.
- Crystallite diameter From the obtained X-ray diffraction profile, the crystallite diameter is calculated by the half width of the peak due to the (111) plane of lithium disilicate, the half width of the peak due to the (011) plane of ⁇ -quartz, was used to calculate the crystallite size from the Scherrer formula. The results are shown in Table 1.
- the PEG3 sample after the heat treatment was processed to prepare a test piece having a total length of 40 mm, a width of 4 mm, and a thickness of 3 mm.
- the three-point bending strength was measured according to JIS R 1601. The measurement conditions were a fulcrum distance of 30 mm and a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm / min.
- ten test pieces were measured for each sample, and the average value was taken as the bending strength value.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- the bending strength it did not measure about the sample (sample number 4) which heat-processed at 870 degreeC.
- the bending strength of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) performed under the same conditions was 350 MPa
- the bending strength of silicon carbide (SiC) was 400 MPa.
- sample No. 1 having a heat treatment temperature of 500 ° C. was found to be in a glass state because no scattering was observed due to amorphous (halo) in the X-ray diffraction profile, and a specific peak was not obtained. Therefore, as described in Table 1, the crystallinity could not be calculated. Moreover, although the sample (sample number 2) whose heat processing temperature is 750 degreeC has very high crystallinity, since the weight ratio of the crystal phase did not satisfy said range, it has confirmed that bending strength was low.
- the sample having the heat treatment temperature of 820 ° C. had a higher crystal bending weight strength than the proportion of ⁇ -quartz in which the proportion of crystal phase was higher than the proportion of lithium disilicate.
- a sharp diffraction peak attributed to lithium disilicate and ⁇ -quartz was observed in the sample (sample number 4) having a heat treatment temperature of 870 ° C. from FIG.
- the degree of crystallinity calculated from the X-ray diffraction profile of FIG. 2 was 100%, and it was confirmed that PEG3 was completely crystallized into a polycrystal (silicate ceramic). .
- the weight ratio of the crystal phase was confirmed to be within the above-mentioned range, with the lithium disilicate ratio being higher than the ⁇ -quartz ratio. It was also confirmed that the crystallite size was very fine.
- sample No. 5 having a heat treatment temperature of 900 ° C.
- an X-ray diffraction profile similar to the X-ray diffraction profile shown in FIG. 2 was obtained.
- the crystallinity of Sample No. 5 was 100% as in Sample No. 4, and it was confirmed that the weight ratio of the crystal phase was within the above-described range. Accordingly, the three-point bending strength of Sample No. 5 was much higher than that in the case where the heat treatment temperature was low (Sample Nos. 1 and 2), and a remarkable effect on Sample Nos. 1 and 2 was confirmed.
- Example 2 In Examples 2 and 3, a plate-like substrate made of silicate ceramics by crystallizing a substrate having through holes was evaluated.
- a base material PEG3 manufactured by HOYA Corporation was prepared. This base material was disk-shaped, and the dimensions were a diameter of 200 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm.
- a latent image was formed on the material.
- the base material was put into a convection oven and heat-treated at 600 ° C. to crystallize the latent image.
- the obtained plate-like substrate was put into a conventional oven and heat-treated at 850 ° C., and the photosensitive glass constituting the plate-like substrate was crystallized to obtain a silicate ceramic.
- the holding time during the heat treatment was 300 minutes, and after the holding, slow cooling was performed.
- the temperature lowering rate in the slow cooling was 25 ° C./hr.
- Cu electrodes were formed on both sides of a plate-like substrate made of silicate ceramics, and the through holes were filled with Cu by electrolytic plating. Thereafter, the plate-like substrate was polished from both sides until the thickness became 0.1 mm to obtain an interposer in which the through holes were filled with Cu.
- Example 3 PEG3 manufactured by HOYA Corporation was prepared as a base material.
- This base material was a square plate shape, and the dimensions thereof were a diameter of 150 mm square and a thickness of 0.5 mm.
- a photomask in which a pattern in which through holes having a diameter of 50 ⁇ m are formed at an arrangement pitch of 200 ⁇ m is formed in a range of 100 mm square is overlaid on a substrate, and the pattern is subjected to proximity exposure with ultraviolet rays.
- a latent image was formed on the substrate.
- the base material was put into a convection oven and heat-treated at 600 ° C. to crystallize the latent image.
- the obtained plate-like substrate was put in a conventional oven and heat-treated at 900 ° C., and the photosensitive glass constituting the plate-like substrate was crystallized to obtain a silicate ceramic.
- the holding time during the heat treatment was 420 minutes, and after the holding, slow cooling was performed.
- the temperature lowering rate in the slow cooling was 25 ° C./hr.
- a Cu electrode is formed on one surface of a plate-like substrate made of silicate ceramics, and the inside of the through hole is dry-etched through the through hole from the other surface to remove Cu formed inside the through hole. . Subsequently, a Cu electrode was formed on the other surface, and similarly, Cu formed inside the through hole was removed. By doing in this way, the board
- the gas electronic amplifier substrate was stowed upright in a shipping case having a slit, and then transported by a truck at a distance of 500 km. As a result, it was confirmed that there was no breakage in the total number of stored gas electronic amplifier substrates, and it was confirmed that the gas electronic amplifier substrates showed good mechanical strength.
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Abstract
Description
1.感光性ガラス
2.ケイ酸塩セラミックス
3.板状基板
4.板状基板の製造方法
5.本実施形態の効果
6.変形例等
本実施形態では、感光性ガラスは、SiO2-Li2O-Al2O3系ガラスに、感光性成分としてのAu,Ag,Cuが含まれ、さらに増感成分としてのCeO2が含まれるガラスである。より具体的な組成として、SiO2:55~85質量%、Al2O3:2~20質量%、Li2O:5~15質量%であって、SiO2、Al2O3およびLi2Oの合計が感光性ガラス全体に対して85質量%以上含有されており、Au:0.001~0.05質量%、Ag:0.001~0.5質量%、Cu2O:0.001~1質量%を感光性成分とし、さらにCeO2:0.001~0.2質量%を増感成分として含有する組成が例示される。
本実施形態では、上記の感光性ガラスは、第1結晶化を利用する微細加工がなされた後に、第2結晶化により結晶化されてケイ酸塩セラミックスとなる。換言すれば、該ケイ酸塩セラミックスは、非晶質であるガラスを経由して得られる多結晶体である。
結晶化度(%)=100×(結晶散乱強度)/(結晶散乱強度+非結晶散乱強度)・・・式(1)
板状基板は、上記のケイ酸塩セラミックスから構成されている。この板状基板は、用途に応じて、円形板状であってもよいし、長方形あるいは正方形等の矩形板状であってもよい。本実施形態では、板状基板の厚みは1.0mm以下である。板状基板は、上記のケイ酸塩セラミックスにより構成されているため、厚みが薄くても、機械的特性が良好である。
上記の板状基板は、感光性ガラスから構成される基材に潜像を形成し該潜像が結晶化された後にこれを溶解除去し貫通孔を形成してから、該感光性ガラスを結晶化してケイ酸塩セラミックスとすることにより、製造される。まず、基材を構成する感光性ガラスを製造する。
次に、図1(b)に示すように、露光工程では、基材11において、貫通孔となるべき部分(以下、貫通孔形成予定部分ともいう)に潜像16を形成する。この潜像16は、フォトマスク30の開口部、すなわち、遮光膜31が形成されていない部分を紫外線50が透過して基材11を露光することにより形成される。潜像16では、感光性成分(Au等)と増感成分(Ce等)との間の酸化還元反応により生じた感光性成分の金属が存在している。
続いて、潜像が形成された基材に対して熱処理を行い、潜像を結晶化部分とする。熱処理を行うことにより、図1(c)に示すように、潜像16において該金属が凝集してコロイドを形成し、さらにこのコロイドを結晶核として、Li2O-SiO2(リチウムモノシリケート)の結晶が析出し、結晶化部分17が形成される。したがって、結晶化部分17は、潜像16と同様に貫通孔形成予定部分に対応する位置に形成されている。この結晶化は、上述した第1結晶化に相当し、感光性ガラスはケイ酸塩セラミックスにはなっていない。
微細加工工程の一例としての貫通孔形成工程では、図1(d)に示すように、形成された結晶化部分17を、HF(フッ化水素)を用いてエッチングにより溶解除去し、貫通孔15を形成する。結晶化部分17、すなわち、リチウムモノシリケートは、結晶化していないガラス部分に比べて、フッ化水素に溶解しやすい。具体的には、結晶化部分17と結晶化部分以外のガラス部分との溶解速度の差は約50倍である。したがって、この溶解速度の差を利用して、フッ化水素をエッチング液として用い、たとえば、図示しないスプレーエッチングにより、フッ化水素を基材11の両面に吹き付けることにより、結晶化部分17が溶解して除去され貫通孔15が形成される。すなわち、基材11に対して選択的エッチングを行うことにより貫通孔15を形成できる。
第2結晶化工程では、貫通孔15を形成した感光性ガラス基板10aに対して、熱処理を行い、基材を構成する感光性ガラス1aを結晶化することにより、ケイ酸塩セラミックス1から構成される板状基板10を得る。
本実施形態によれば、感光性ガラスを結晶化してなるケイ酸塩セラミックスが得られる。このケイ酸塩セラミックスは、リチウムダイシリケートの結晶とα-石英の結晶とから構成されており、通常の結晶化ガラスに比べて結晶化度が非常に高く、ほぼ結晶で構成されている。
上述した実施形態では、ケイ酸塩ガラスとして、感光性ガラスを用いたが、感光性成分を含まないケイ酸塩ガラスを用いてもよい。このようなケイ酸塩ガラスでは、上述した実施形態における第2結晶化のみが生じる。
実施例1では、ケイ酸塩セラミックスの特性について評価を行った。まず、感光性ガラスとして、HOYA株式会社製PEG3を準備した。PEG3は、SiO2-Li2O-Al2O3系のガラスから構成されており、感光性成分および増感成分を有していた。
結晶化度は、得られたX線回折プロファイルから、X線の全散乱強度を、結晶散乱強度と非結晶散乱強度とに分離し、上記の式(1)により算出した。結果を表1に示す。
結晶相の重量割合は、得られたX線回折プロファイルから、リチウムダイシリケートの(111)面に起因するピーク強度と、α-石英の(011)面に起因するピーク強度と、の比により算出した。結果を表1に示す。
結晶子径は、得られたX線回折プロファイルから、リチウムダイシリケートの(111)面に起因するピークの半価幅と、α-石英の(011)面に起因するピークの半価幅と、を用いて、シェラーの公式から結晶子径をそれぞれ算出した。結果を表1に示す。
さらに、熱処理後のPEG3の試料を加工して、全長40mm、幅4mm、厚み3mmの試験片を作製した。得られた試験片に対し、JIS R 1601に準拠して3点曲げ強度を測定した。測定条件は、支点間距離を30mmとし、クロスヘッド速度を0.5mm/minとした。曲げ強度の測定では、各試料について10本の試験片を測定し、その平均値を曲げ強度値とした。結果を表1に示す。なお、曲げ強度については、熱処理を870℃で行った試料(試料番号4)については測定しなかった。また、参考のため、同じ条件で行ったアルミナ(Al2O3)の曲げ強度が350MPaであり、炭化ケイ素(SiC)の曲げ強度が400MPaであった。
実施例2および3では、貫通孔を有する基材を結晶化してケイ酸塩セラミックスとした板状基板を作製して評価を行った。基材として、HOYA株式会社製PEG3を準備した。この基材は円板状であり、その寸法は、径がΦ200mmであり、厚みが0.5mmであった。
まず、基材として、HOYA株式会社製PEG3を準備した。この基材は正方形板状であり、その寸法は、径が150mm角であり、厚みが0.5mmであった。
1a…感光性ガラス
10…板状基板
10a…感光性ガラス基板
11…基材
15…貫通孔
16…潜像
17…結晶化部分
Claims (9)
- 酸化ケイ素および酸化リチウムを少なくとも含むケイ酸塩ガラスが結晶化されてなるケイ酸塩セラミックスであって、
前記ケイ酸塩セラミックスの結晶化度が95%以上であり、
前記ケイ酸塩セラミックスは、リチウムダイシリケート結晶相とα-石英結晶相とを有し、
前記ケイ酸塩セラミックスにおける前記リチウムダイシリケート結晶相と、前記α-石英結晶相との割合が、重量比で、前記リチウムダイシリケート結晶相の方が多いことを特徴とするケイ酸塩セラミックス。 - 前記リチウムダイシリケート結晶相と、前記α-石英結晶相との割合が、重量比で60:40~80:20であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のケイ酸塩セラミックス。
- 前記ケイ酸塩ガラスが感光性ガラスであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のケイ酸塩セラミックス。
- 前記ケイ酸塩セラミックスの曲げ強度が130MPa以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のケイ酸塩セラミックス。
- 前記リチウムダイシリケート結晶相および前記α-石英結晶相の結晶子径が20~30nmの範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のケイ酸塩セラミックス。
- 請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のケイ酸塩セラミックスから構成され、複数の貫通孔が形成された板状基板であって、
前記板状基板の厚みが1.0mm以下であることを特徴とする板状基板。 - 前記板状基板の径が50mm以上であることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の板状基板。
- 酸化ケイ素および酸化リチウムを少なくとも含む感光性ガラスから構成される板状の基材に微細加工を行う微細加工工程と、
前記微細加工工程後に、熱処理により前記感光性ガラスを結晶化して請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のケイ酸塩セラミックスから構成される板状基板を得る結晶化工程と、を有する板状基板の製造方法。 - 前記熱処理では、前記感光性ガラスを800~900℃の範囲内に保持した後に徐冷を行うことを特徴とする請求項8に記載の板状基板の製造方法。
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CN106167346A (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-11-30 | 肖特股份有限公司 | 连续生产光敏玻璃体的方法 |
JP2017036200A (ja) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-02-16 | ショット アクチエンゲゼルシャフトSchott AG | 増感された感光性ガラスおよびその製造 |
WO2022215575A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Agc株式会社 | 結晶化ガラスからなる化学強化ガラス及びその製造方法 |
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WO2020139951A1 (en) | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-02 | 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. | Heterogenous integration for rf, microwave and mm wave systems in photoactive glass substrates |
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CA3135975C (en) | 2019-04-05 | 2022-11-22 | 3D Glass Solutions, Inc. | Glass based empty substrate integrated waveguide devices |
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- 2014-08-27 JP JP2015535435A patent/JPWO2015033826A1/ja active Pending
- 2014-08-27 DE DE112014004027.4T patent/DE112014004027T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-08-27 US US14/911,344 patent/US20160185653A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106167346A (zh) * | 2015-05-18 | 2016-11-30 | 肖特股份有限公司 | 连续生产光敏玻璃体的方法 |
JP2017036200A (ja) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-02-16 | ショット アクチエンゲゼルシャフトSchott AG | 増感された感光性ガラスおよびその製造 |
US10093575B2 (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2018-10-09 | Schott Ag | Continuous production of photo-sensitive glass bodies |
WO2022215575A1 (ja) * | 2021-04-07 | 2022-10-13 | Agc株式会社 | 結晶化ガラスからなる化学強化ガラス及びその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20160185653A1 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
DE112014004027T5 (de) | 2016-07-28 |
TW201518230A (zh) | 2015-05-16 |
JPWO2015033826A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
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