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WO2015024217A1 - 一种绿原酸粉针剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种绿原酸粉针剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015024217A1
WO2015024217A1 PCT/CN2013/081967 CN2013081967W WO2015024217A1 WO 2015024217 A1 WO2015024217 A1 WO 2015024217A1 CN 2013081967 W CN2013081967 W CN 2013081967W WO 2015024217 A1 WO2015024217 A1 WO 2015024217A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chlorogenic acid
injection
powder
mannitol
parts
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PCT/CN2013/081967
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张洁
杨华蓉
田晨煦
严永江
朱丽娜
黄望
Original Assignee
四川九章生物科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 四川九章生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 四川九章生物科技有限公司
Priority to US14/911,100 priority Critical patent/US9918956B2/en
Priority to JP2016535291A priority patent/JP2016528261A/ja
Priority to EP13891994.9A priority patent/EP3040067A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/081967 priority patent/WO2015024217A1/zh
Publication of WO2015024217A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015024217A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/25Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids with polyoxyalkylated alcohols, e.g. esters of polyethylene glycol
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/21Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
    • A61K31/215Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
    • A61K31/216Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acids having aromatic rings, e.g. benactizyne, clofibrate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/20Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing sulfur, e.g. dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], docusate, sodium lauryl sulfate or aminosulfonic acids
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0019Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/19Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles lyophilised, i.e. freeze-dried, solutions or dispersions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P9/00Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chlorogenic acid powder injection.
  • Chlorogenic acid is a polyphenolic compound. Experimental studies have shown that it is unstable under acid, alkali, light and high temperature conditions. Zhou Hongqi, Olthof MR and Gonthir MP reported that chlorogenic acid is an unstable polyphenolic compound. Moreover, it is susceptible to factors such as digestive flora, and the bioavailability of oral administration is low, and it is preferable to use a blood vessel administration method, so that the injection dosage form is a better dosage form of the drug. Chlorogenic acid is unstable in aqueous solution, so it is not suitable to use a liquid dosage form.
  • the technical solution of the present invention provides a chlorogenic acid powder injection, and another technical solution of the present invention provides a preparation method of the chlorogenic acid powder injection.
  • the present invention provides a chlorogenic acid powder injection prepared from the following raw materials by weight ratio:
  • the scaffolding agent is one or two of sucrose, mannitol, glucose, lactose, trehalose, hydroxyethyl starch, dextran 20, sorbitol, PEG1000, glycerin, glycine, 1, 2-propanediol More than one kind of mixing;
  • the antioxidant is one or a mixture of two or more of sodium hydrogen sulfite, sodium metabisulfite, L-cysteine hydrochloride or vitamin C.
  • the scaffolding agent is mannitol; and the antioxidant is sodium hydrogen sulfite.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing the powder injection, which comprises the following steps: a, weighing chlorogenic acid, sodium hydrogen sulfite, mannitol;
  • the sulphuric acid is added in an amount of 0. 03% by weight of activated carbon, and the temperature is 45. After stirring for 30 minutes, the activated carbon was removed by filtration, and then filtered through a 0.20 um hydrophilic microporous membrane to the filtrate. Clarification, aseptic filling, lyophilization, that is.
  • the lyophilization step is carried out by double-temperature lyophilization, pre-freezing at -38 ° C for 3 hours, the condenser temperature is -60 ° C, and the temperature rise time is -45 ° C to - 23 ° C. 12h, -23 °C ⁇ - 28 °C, the heating time is 6. 5h, the initial vacuum is 400 ⁇ 450 mbar, the end vacuum is 180 ⁇ 200 mbar, the minimum vacuum is 180 mbar, the sublimation drying time is 24 hours, and then drying 30 °C, 3h.
  • the pH of the pH is 3 ⁇ 3.
  • the packaging material is a brown borosilicate glass controlled injection bottle and a medicinal butyl rubber stopper.
  • Chlorogenic acid is an unstable polyphenolic compound, and is susceptible to factors such as digestive flora, and adopts an injection type, and the drug has high bioavailability and rapid effect;
  • the acid is unstable in aqueous solution, and the lyophilized powder dosage form can avoid the decomposition of chlorogenic acid in water.
  • Rapid drug effect The injection is directly injected into the human tissue, so the absorption is fast and the effect is rapid. In particular, intravenous injection, which directly enters the blood vessel without an absorption phase, is the fastest in all dosage forms. 3.
  • the dosage is accurate and the effect is reliable:
  • the injection is a non-gastrointestinal route, which is not affected by various factors of the stomach and intestine, so the dosage is accurate and the effect is reliable. 4. Suitable for patients who cannot be orally administered.
  • the chlorogenic acid powder injection of the invention has good stability, strong resolubility and safety in clinical use.
  • Chlorogenic acid is a polyphenolic compound, which is easily oxidized. In the formulation study, whether or not to add antioxidants should be considered. The solubility of chlorogenic acid in water is about 2%, and the concentration should be 2% when the solution is prepared. Chlorogenic acid has hygroscopicity and should be controlled by formulation research and production environment humidity; chlorogenic acid is sensitive to light, and should be selected from materials that can be directly protected from light; chlorogenic acid is sensitive to heat, and the process should be handled. Temperature is controlled.
  • Chlorogenic acid has a polyphenol structure and is easily decomposed by oxidation.
  • antioxidants in the formulation of the formulation. 2%, intends to use the above several antioxidants, the commonly used antioxidants are sodium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, L-cysteine hydrochloride and vitamin C, etc., the usual amount is 0. 1 ⁇ 0. filter.
  • the molecular structure of chlorogenic acid contains ester bonds, and PH has an important influence on the rate of hydrolysis and degradation.
  • the pH value of the chlorogenic acid is adjusted by using a phosphate buffer solution at 1. 5 ⁇ 6. 2 , and the degradation rate constant k of the chlorogenic acid is measured, and the pH of the pH-degradation reaction rate curve is obtained by plotting lgk at each pH to P H . Determine a stable pH m value.
  • the results are shown in Figure 1.
  • the chlorogenic acid degradation was calculated according to the first-order kinetics. The results are shown in Table 1 ⁇ 2 and Figure 1.
  • the scaffold is mainly used in freeze-dried injection. Its function is to ensure that the solid crystals are uniform after lyophilization, the color is consistent, the volume of the original liquid is basically kept, and it does not collapse, does not shrink, and has good dispersibility.
  • Commonly used stenting agents include mannitol, lactose and glycine. It is intended to use different amounts of mannitol, lactose and glycine for prescription screening.
  • L-cysteine hydrochloride 2580619 (100%) 2359955 (91. 4%) 2317304 (89. 8%) Vitamin C 2551027 ( 100%) 2299927 (90. 2%) 2255217 (88. 4%)
  • the antioxidants sodium bisulfite, L-cysteine hydrochloride and vitamin C used in the experiment all increased the stability of chlorogenic acid. Sodium metabisulfite did not increase the stability of chlorogenic acid. However, L-cysteine was added. The chlorogenic acid solution of the hydrochloride and vitamin C was darkened, and the addition of sodium hydrogen sulfite had no effect on the color of the chlorogenic acid solution.
  • sodium hydrogen sulfite as an antioxidant has a high standard potential (E°), which can replace oxidative damage in place of drugs.
  • standard potential
  • sodium bisulfite as an antioxidant has hemostasis. 1% ⁇ 0%. 2%.
  • Sodium bisulfite is a commonly used antioxidant for injections. It has high safety to human body and is a reducing substance with chlorogenic acid. It does not react with each other and has good compatibility (test products) The influencing factors experiment also proves that the two have good compatibility), so choose 0. 1% sodium hydrogen sulfite as an antioxidant of this product.
  • 4% mannitol was used as a scaffold to obtain a product with good formability, resolubility and clarity.
  • Mannitol is a commonly used scaffold for lyophilized powder injection. It has high safety to human body, stable chemical properties, and is not easy to react with chlorogenic acid. Both should have good compatibility (the impact of pilot products)
  • the factor experiment also proved that the two have good compatibility), so 4% mannitol was determined as the scaffold for this product.
  • the prescription is determined by 1000 preparation units (30 mg/piece):
  • test items were: traits , loss on drying, related substances and content.
  • Chlorogenic acid plus auxiliary white powder 1. 67 0. 079 0. 106 0. 155 0. 203 0. 030 0. 494 99. 57 chlorogenic acid dark brown mass 2. 25 0. 104 0. 134 0. 160 0. 294 0. 039 0. 627 99. 36
  • Chlorogenic acid plus auxiliary light brown powder 0. 52 0. 107 0. 125 0. 165 0. 261 0. 030 0. 580 99. 42 chlorogenic acid dark brown mass 2. 13 0. 121 0. 143 0. 175 0. 306 0. 047 0. 670 99. 31 chlorogenic acid plus auxiliary light brown powder 0. 60 0. 116 0. 128 0. 164 0. 258 0. 034 0. 584 99. 41
  • the result is high temperature for 5 days and Compared with 0 days, the chlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid supplements were basically the same in terms of traits, loss on drying, related substances and chlorogenic acid content, indicating that the excipients and chlorogenic acid were higher under high temperature (6CTC) conditions. Good compatibility.
  • Chlorogenic acid plus auxiliary white powder 1. 67 0. 079 0. 106 0. 155 0. 203 0. 030 0. 494 99. 57 chlorogenic acid yellowish mass 4. 22 0. 102 0. 123 0. 157 0. 203 0. 036 0. 518 99. 47
  • Chlorogenic acid plus auxiliary light brown powder 0. 63 0. 112 0. 127 0. 495 0. 232 0. 042 0. 896 99. 10 Results glare exposure 5 days and 10 days compared with 0 days, chlorogenic acid and The changes of chlorogenic acid and auxiliary materials in terms of traits, loss on drying, related substances and chlorogenic acid content were basically the same, indicating that the auxin has good compatibility with chlorogenic acid under strong light irradiation conditions.
  • the process of chlorogenic acid for injection is designed as: liquid distribution ⁇ sterilization filtration ⁇ aseptic filling ⁇ freeze drying ⁇ Packaging, production process flow chart shown in Figure 2.
  • the order of feeding is to first add an antioxidant sodium hydrogen sulfite, dissolve it with water for injection, then add chlorogenic acid to dissolve, and finally add the scaffold mannitol to stir and dissolve.
  • the solubility of chlorogenic acid in water is about 2%, the concentration of the solution (about 1.5%) is less than the solubility, and it should be fully dissolved under normal temperature conditions, and it is verified that it can be completely dissolved at the concentration of the solution.
  • Activated carbon is a commonly used adsorbent for the preparation of injections. There are many micropores inside the particles, which have a large active surface and adsorb the pigment, impurities and heat of the liquid. The amount of the activated carbon is 0. 02 ⁇ 0. 04%; the amount of the activated carbon is 0. 02 ⁇ 0. 04%; 5% ⁇ The mannitol. In order to fully ensure the safety of the preparation, the activated carbon is used to adsorb the pigment, impurities and heat source in the liquid, but the more the activated carbon is added, the greater the adsorption and the loss of chlorogenic acid, so the amount of activated carbon is screened. Table 8.
  • the adsorption time of activated carbon is 30 minutes, and the temperature of water for injection is 45 ⁇ 50° (:.
  • the bacterial endotoxin test of small-scale test products and pilot products proves that this step can effectively remove pyrogens.
  • the filter paper is initially filtered to remove activated carbon. The solution was verified to be clear after initial filtration.
  • Chlorogenic acid is sensitive to heat.
  • the fine filtration process is used to remove and remove the final product.
  • Fine filtration often uses 0. 22 ⁇ microporous membrane, this product is an aqueous solution, so the hydrophilic filtration process is carried out using a hydrophilic 0.22 ⁇ microporous membrane.
  • the filtration membrane integrity is used as an indicator in the fine filtration process. Reliability; The adsorption rate of chlorogenic acid by the filter after fine filtration is used to investigate the adsorption of chlorogenic acid by the filter; the sterility check, clarity and color and visible foreign matter of the finely filtered liquid are used as indicators. , to investigate the feasibility of the fine filtration process.
  • the foaming point pressure of the filter film before the fine filtration was 0. 40Mpa, fine filtration, was carried out with a hydrophilicity of 0.22 ⁇ m microporous membrane (Shanghai Yadong Nuclear Resin Co., Ltd.).
  • the pressure point of the filter is 0. 41Mpa, and has good integrity before and after fine filtration, indicating that the microporous membrane is suitable for sterilization and impurity removal of chlorogenic acid for injection.
  • Chlorogenic acid content before filtration (mg/ml) Chlorogenic acid content after filtration (mg/ml) Adsorption rate (%)
  • the hydrophilic membrane is 0.22 ⁇ microporous membrane (Shanghai Yadong Nuclear Resin Co., Ltd.) Division) for fine filtration, can effectively remove bacteria and foreign matter in the liquid, while the loss of chlorogenic acid is small.
  • Chlorogenic acid is sensitive to heat, so it is produced by freeze-drying process. Chlorogenic acid is relatively stable under low temperature conditions, the solid content of the liquid is not high, the viscosity is low, and it is easy to freeze-dry and form. Therefore, the freeze-drying process is studied by conventional freeze-drying conditions.
  • the frozen intervention test conditions were pre-freezing temperature -38 ° C, pre-freezing time 3 hours, condenser temperature -60 ° C, sublimation drying time 24 hours.
  • Dry weight loss 2.86% freeze-drying process pre-test results show that under this condition, the appearance, resolubility and loss on drying of the lyophilized sample are good, so the pre-freezing temperature of the product is determined to be -38 °C, pre- The freezing time was 3 hours, the condenser temperature was -60 ° C, the initial vacuum was 400 to 450 mbar, the end vacuum was 180 to 200 mbar, the minimum vacuum was 180 mbar, and the sublimation drying time was 24 hours.
  • the freeze-drying curve reflects the relationship between the material temperature, the separator temperature, the condenser temperature, and the vacuum of the chamber over time during the freeze-drying process.
  • the drawing of the freeze-drying curve not only reflects the performance of the freeze dryer, but also has certain guiding significance for actual production, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the production process of chlorogenic acid for injection is determined as follows: According to the prescription of the preparation, the process is verified by 125 batches, and the water for injection is taken, and sodium hydrogen sulfite, chlorogenic acid and mannitol are sequentially added, and the mixture is fully stirred. Dissolved, the pH is controlled at 2 ⁇ 4; 0. 03% needle is added with activated carbon, stirred for 30 minutes, filtered to remove activated carbon, and then finely filtered with 0.22 ⁇ microporous membrane to clear the filtrate, aseptically filled, as determined by freezing The dry process parameters are lyophilized and the cap is obtained.
  • Chlorogenic acid is sensitive to light. It should be selected from direct contact with pharmaceutical packaging materials. Therefore, brown low borosilicate glass controlled injection bottles and medicinal butyl rubber stoppers are preliminarily determined as packaging materials for direct contact with pharmaceuticals.
  • the chlorogenic acid for injection was placed in a 6 CTC incubator, with a relative humidity of 92.5%, 25 ° C incubator and illumination (4500 ⁇ 500) lx.
  • the instrument was taken out in 5 and 10 days to test the appearance of the preparation. Traits, solution color, pH, insoluble particles, visible foreign matter, clarity, related substances and labeling Contents and packaging materials for direct contact with pharmaceuticals
  • the internal and external surface properties of brown borosilicate glass controlled injection bottles and medicinal butyl rubber stoppers were investigated. Compared with the 0-day samples, the experimental results are as follows:
  • the chlorogenic acid for injection is prepared into a test solution according to the maximum concentration (0. 03%) of the clinical application, respectively, by adding 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 5% glucose injection and water for injection, at 0, 2 Samples were taken at 4 and 6 hours to check the color, PH value, clarity, insoluble particles, visible foreign matter, related substances and labeled content of each test solution. The inspection results are shown in Table 15.
  • the results of the study showed that the chlorogenic acid for injection was prepared into the clinically-used maximum concentration solution by using the commonly used 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 5% glucose injection and water for injection, and the content did not change significantly within 6 hours; The solution is clear and colorless; the insoluble particles and visible foreign matter are qualified; the relevant substances have no obvious change, indicating that the chlorogenic acid for injection has good stability with the commonly used injection solvent. In order to ensure the quality and safety of chlorogenic acid, it is recommended that the preparation solution should be used within 6 hours during clinical use.
  • the inventors screened the antioxidant, the optimum pH, the amount of activated carbon, the adsorption method, and the scaffold used for lyophilization. The result was sodium bisulfite.
  • the pH of the chlorogenic acid solution is controlled to be 2 to 4 in the preparation, which is favorable for the stability of the preparation; and 0.03% of activated carbon is stirred at 45 ° C to 50 ° C for 30 minutes to filter, the loss rate of chlorogenic acid It is about 5%, and the pyrogen (endotoxin) is qualified; the lyophilized product obtained by using 4% mannitol as a preparation scaffold has good moldability and good resolubility; the process verification results prove the rationality of the prescription and the process; Seven batches of products were produced. After all inspections, the quality indicators of the seven batches of products were in compliance with the regulations, which fully proved the rationality of the prescriptions and processes.
  • the experimental results of the product influencing factors indicate that the chlorogenic acid for injection should be stored in the cool and dark places; the quality research and stability study results of the product further prove the rationality of the prescription and the process; the stability study of the product is carried out, and the injection is used.
  • the stability of chlorogenic acid and the commonly used injectable solvent within 6 hours is good. It is recommended that the preparation solution should be used within 6 hours during clinical use.
  • the chlorogenic acid powder injection of the invention has good stability, strong resolubility, safe clinical use, and has excellent clinical application and industrialization prospects.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种绿原酸粉针剂,它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:绿原酸1-120份,支架剂1-320份、抗氧化剂1-8份。本发明还提供了该粉针剂的制备方法。本发明绿原酸粉针剂稳定性好,复溶性强,临床使用安全。

Description

一种绿原酸粉针剂及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种绿原酸粉针剂。
背景技术
绿原酸为多酚类化合物, 实验研究证明, 在酸、 碱、 光照和高温条件 下不稳定, 周宏灏、 Olthof MR和 Gonthir MP等文献报道表明, 绿原酸属 不稳定的多酚类化合物, 且易受到消化道菌群等因素的影响, 口服给药的 生物利用度较低, 最好是采用血管给药方式, 故注射剂型为该药物的较好 剂型。 绿原酸在水溶液中不稳定性, 故不宜采用液体剂型。
发明内容
本发明的技术方案是提供了一种绿原酸粉针剂, 本发明的另一技术方 案是提供了该绿原酸粉针剂的制备方法。
本发明提供了一种绿原酸粉针剂, 它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而 成:
绿原酸 1 120份, 支架剂 1 320份、 抗氧化剂 8份。
其中, 所述的支架剂为蔗糖、 甘露醇、 葡萄糖、 乳糖、 海藻糖、 羟乙 基淀粉、 右旋糖苷 20、 山梨醇、 PEG1000、 甘油、 甘氨酸、 1, 2-丙二醇中的 一种或两种以上的混合; 所述的抗氧化剂为亚硫酸氢钠、 焦亚硫酸钠、 L一 半胱氨酸盐酸盐或维生素 C中的一种或两种以上的混合。
其中, 所述的支架剂为甘露醇; 所述的抗氧化剂为亚硫酸氢钠。
其中, 所述的绿原酸的纯度为 98%以上。
其中, 它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
绿原酸 1 120份, 亚硫酸氢钠 1 8份、 甘露醇 i- 320份。
进一步优选地, 它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而成:
绿原酸 30份, 亚硫酸氢钠 2份、 甘露醇 80份。
本发明还提供了一种制备所述的粉针剂的方法, 它包括如下步骤: a、 称取绿原酸, 亚硫酸氢钠、 甘露醇;
b、 取注射用水, 依次加入亚硫酸氢钠、 绿原酸、 甘露醇, 搅拌使充分 溶解, pH控制在 2-4; 注射用水的温度为 45〜50°C, 加入 0. 03%的活性炭, 搅拌 30分钟后过滤除去活性炭, 再用 0. 22um亲水性微孔滤膜精滤至滤液 澄清, 无菌灌装, 冻干, 即得。
其中,所述的冻干步骤采用二次升温冻干,放置于 -38°C预冻,时间为 3 小时, 冷凝器温度为 -60°C, -45 °C〜- 23°C升温时间为 12h, -23 °C〜- 28°C 升温时间为 6. 5h, 初始真空度为 400〜450mbar, 结束真空度为 180〜 200mbar, 最低真空度为 180mbar, 升华干燥时间为 24小时, 再干燥 30 °C, 3h。
其中, b步骤所述的采用磷酸缓冲溶液调节 pH值为 3〜3. 5。
其中, 所述的包装材料为棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡 胶瓶塞。
本发明粉针剂具有的优点: 1.绿原酸属不稳定的多酚类化合物, 且易 受到消化道菌群等因素的影响, 采用注射剂型, 药物治疗生物利用度高, 显效快; 绿原酸在水溶液中有不稳定性, 冻干粉针剂型可避免绿原酸在水 中的分解。 2.药效迅速: 注射剂直接注入人体组织, 所以吸收快, 作用迅 速。 特别是静脉注射, 直接进入血管而没有吸收阶段, 所以在所有剂型中 起效最快。 3.剂量准确, 作用可靠: 注射剂属非胃肠道给药途径, 不受胃 肠道诸因素影响, 因此剂量准确, 作用可靠。 4.适于不能口服给药的病人。 本发明绿原酸粉针剂稳定性好, 复溶性强, 临床使用安全。
附图说明
图 1 绿原酸 pH-降解反应速率曲线
图 2 绿原酸粉针剂制备工艺流程图
图 3 注射用绿原酸吸湿平衡曲线图
图 4 冻干曲线 (温度一时间曲线)
具体实施方式
实施例 1 本发明绿原酸粉针剂辅料选择试验
绿原酸原料药溶解度实验研究显示, 样品在甲醇、 乙醇中易溶, 丙酮 中溶解, 乙酸乙酯中极微溶解; 水中溶解度约为 2%。
引湿性实验研究结果表明, 绿原酸略具有引湿性。
对原料的稳定性研究结果显示, 绿原酸对光和热敏感。
绿原酸为多酚类化合物, 易被氧化, 在制剂处方研究中应考虑是否添 加抗氧化剂; 绿原酸在水中的溶解度约为 2%, 在溶液配制时浓度应在 2% 之内; 绿原酸具有引湿性, 应对制剂研究和生产环境湿度进行控制; 绿原 酸对光敏感, 应选择能避光的直接接触药品的包装材料; 绿原酸对热敏感, 应对工艺过程温度进行控制。
1、 抗氧剂选择
绿原酸有多元酚结构, 容易被氧化分解。 为了防止在生产和储存过程 中绿原酸被氧化, 制剂处方中有必要考虑加入抗氧剂。 注射剂一般常用的 抗氧剂有亚硫酸氢钠、 焦亚硫酸钠、 L一半胱氨酸盐酸盐和维生素 C等,常用 量是 0. 1〜0. 2%, 拟用以上几种抗氧剂进行筛选。
2、 pH值调节剂选择
绿原酸分子结构中含有酯键, PH对其水解降解速率有重要影响。 于是 用磷酸缓冲溶液调节绿原酸 pH值在 1. 5〜6. 2 , 测定绿原酸的降解速率常数 k, 用各个 pH下的 lgk对 PH作图, 得到 pH—降解反应速率曲线, 确定稳定的 pHm值。结果见图 1。绿原酸降解按照一级动力学计算,结果见表 1〜 2、图 1。
不同 pH值的缓冲液中绿原酸在不同时间点的浓度 (μ§/πι1 ) pH值 Oh 3h 7h l lh 17h 22h
1. 5 108. 07 97. 95 92. 20 78. 65 76. 80 68. 79
2. 0 108. 42 98. 91 97. 79 99. 67 90. 77 88. 26
3. 0 107. 51 103. 02 101. 91 102. 01 96. 77 95. 18
4. 0 106. 38 100. 68 95. 78 91. 29 85. 09 80. 21
5. 1 105. 96 97. 99 88. 87 81. 70 66. 59 55. 83
6. 2 105. 67 67. 91 43. 91 33. 46 22. 91 18. 48 表 2 线性回归结果及不同 pH值下的反应速率常数和 lgk H 斜率 截距 R 反应速率常数 k lgk
1. 5 - 0. 0198 4. 6526 - 0. 9763 0. 0198 - 1. 7036
2. 0 - 0. 0080 4. 6557 -0. 9212 0. 0080 - 2. 0947
3. 0 - 0. 0051 4. 6659 - 0. 9635 0. 0051 -2. 2931
4. 0 - 0. 0125 4. 6557 - 0. 9979 0. 0125 - 1. 9027
5. 1 - 0. 0288 4. 6808 - 0. 9955 0. 0288 - 1. 5412
6. 2 - 0. 0768 4. 4716 - 0. 9786 0. 0768 - 1. 1144 由以上实验结果可见, 随着 pH的增加, k值先降后升, 绿原酸含量则反 之。从 pH-降解反应速率曲线可以看出 pH值在 2〜4之间绿原酸水溶液比较稳 定, pH值在 3时绿原酸水溶液最稳定, 故确定注射用绿原酸配液的 pH值应在 2〜4之间。 绿原酸拟用的制剂规格为 30mg/支, 临床使用的较高浓度(0. 03%)溶液 pH值为 3. 5左右, 冻干前绿原酸配液浓度为 1. 5%, 经预试 pH值为 3. 0左右, 均在绿原酸稳定的 pH值范围内, 因此制剂辅料筛选时不添加 pH值调节剂。
3、 冻干支架剂选择
支架剂主要应用于冻干注射剂, 它的作用是保证冻干后固形物结晶均 匀,色泽一致,基本保持原液体积, 不塌陷, 不皱缩, 再分散性好。 常用的 支架剂有甘露醇、 乳糖和甘氨酸等, 拟选用不同量的甘露醇、 乳糖和甘氨 酸进行处方筛选。
4、 处方筛选和优化
4. 1抗氧剂的筛选和优化
在绿原酸溶液中加入 0. 1%的亚硫酸氢钠、 焦亚硫酸钠、 L一半胱氨酸盐 酸盐和维生素 C抗氧剂, 用加热煮沸的方式, HPLC法考察绿原酸的含量变化 来确定最佳的抗氧剂和用量。 结果见表 3。
Figure imgf000006_0001
对照 (不含抗氧剂) 2542434 (100%) 2238320 (88. 0%) 2124074 (83. 5%) 亚硫酸氢钠 2532554 (100%) 2410277 (95. 2%) 2349105 (92. 8%) 焦亚硫酸钠 2568769 (100%) 2263222 (88. 1%) 2114952 (82. 3%)
L-半胱氨酸盐酸盐 2580619 (100%) 2359955 (91. 4%) 2317304 (89. 8%) 维生素 C 2551027 ( 100%) 2299927 (90. 2%) 2255217 (88. 4%) 本实验所用的抗氧剂亚硫酸氢钠、 L一半胱氨酸盐酸盐和维生素 C都能 增加绿原酸的稳定性, 焦亚硫酸钠不能增加绿原酸的稳定性; 但加入 L一半 胱氨酸盐酸盐和维生素 C的绿原酸溶液颜色加深, 而加入亚硫酸氢钠对绿原 酸溶液颜色无影响。 据报道, 亚硫酸氢钠作为抗氧剂的原理是其具有较高 的标准电位势 (E°), 能代替药物先受到氧化破坏, 目前将亚硫酸氢钠作为抗 氧剂的注射液有止血敏注射液、安乃近注射液和地塞米松磷酸钠注射液等, 其用量都在 0. 1〜0. 2%。 亚硫酸氢钠是注射剂常用的抗氧剂, 对人体有较高 的安全性, 且与绿原酸同为还原性物质, 不会产生相互反应, 具有较好的 相容性(中试产品的影响因素实验也证明两者有较好的相容性), 所以选用 0. 1%亚硫酸氢钠作为本品的抗氧剂。
4. 2支架剂的筛选和优化
分别选用不同量的甘露醇、 乳糖和甘氨酸作为支架剂, 以外观、 复溶 性(加入 0. 9%NaCl注射液 2ml观察)以及澄明度为评价指标进行比较, 筛选出 最佳支架剂和用量。 结果见表 4。
表 4不同支架剂和用量对冻干制剂的影响
Figure imgf000007_0001
无支架剂 不太饱满 + - l· + + 澄清
2%甘露醇 比较饱满, 表面有小孔 + + + 澄清
4%甘露醇 饱满,质地疏松 + -卜+ + 澄清
6%甘露醇 饱满,质地疏松 - l·+ 澄清
8%甘露醇 饱满,质地疏松 - l·+ 澄清
10%甘露醇 饱满,质地疏松 - l·+ 澄清
2%乳糖 不饱满, 表面有孔 + + + 浑浊
4%乳糖 不饱满, 表面有孔 + + + 浑浊
6%乳糖 不饱满, 表面有孔 + + + 浑浊
8%乳糖 不饱满, 表面孔多, 颜色不均 + + + 浑浊
1%甘氨酸 不饱满, 有蜂窝状小孔 + + + 澄清
2%甘氨酸 不饱满, 有蜂窝状小孔 + + + 澄清 注: " + + + + "表示溶解迅速; " + + + "表示溶解比较迅速, 但是在最开始有块状物出现; " + + "表示溶解速度较慢, 同时最开始有块状物出现。
结果表明 4%甘露醇做为支架剂所得到的产品成型性、 复溶性和澄清度 较好。 甘露醇是冻干粉针剂常用的支架剂, 对人体有较高的安全性, 化学 性质稳定, 不易与绿原酸发生相互反应, 二者应有较好的相容性(中试产品 的影响因素实验也证明两者有较好的相容性), 故确定以 4%甘露醇作为本品 的支架剂。
5、 处方确定
依据上述处方筛选和优化实验结果, 以 1000个制剂单位 (30mg/支)确定 处方为:
绿原酸 30g 主药 亚硫酸氢钠 抗氧剂
支架剂 注射用水加至
经冻干共制成 1000支
6、 辅料相容性实验
取绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料的样品, 分别进行高温 (60°C)、 高湿 (相对湿 度 92. 5%)和强光照射(照度 45001x ± 5001x)的实验, 检测项目为: 性状、 干燥失重、 有关物质和含量。
6. 1 高温实验
取绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料的样品,于 60 °C孵箱中放置,分别于第 0、 5、 10天取样检测, 结果见表 5。
表 5 高温 (60°C)鎌结果
有关物质 (%)
其他 ―
1 2 3 4 总计 绿原酸 类白色结晶性粉末 2. 31 0. 083 0. 106 0. 154 0. 211 0. 035 0. 504 99. 51
0
绿原酸加辅料 类白色粉末 1. 67 0. 079 0. 106 0. 155 0. 203 0. 030 0. 494 99. 57 绿原酸 深棕色团块 2. 25 0. 104 0. 134 0. 160 0. 294 0. 039 0. 627 99. 36
5
绿原酸加辅料 浅棕色粉末 0. 52 0. 107 0. 125 0. 165 0. 261 0. 030 0. 580 99. 42 绿原酸 深棕色团块 2. 13 0. 121 0. 143 0. 175 0. 306 0. 047 0. 670 99. 31 绿原酸加辅料 浅棕色粉末 0. 60 0. 116 0. 128 0. 164 0. 258 0. 034 0. 584 99. 41 结果高温 5天和 10天与 0天比较, 绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料在性状、 干 燥失重、 有关物质和绿原酸含量方面变化基本一致, 说明在高温 (6CTC )条 件下, 辅料与绿原酸有较好的相容性。
6. 2高湿实验
取绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料的样品, 分别于相对湿度 92. 5% (KN03饱和溶 液)的干燥器中放置, 于 25°C孵箱中恒温观察, 分别于第 0、 5、 10天取样 检测, 结果见表 6。
表 6 高湿 (相对湿度 92. 5%)实¾ ^果
有关物质 (%)
天 样品 性 状 干燥失重 (%) 其他
咖啡酸 (/。)
1 2 3 4 总计 绿原酸 类白色结晶性粉末 2. 31 0. 083 0. 106 0. 154 0. 211 0. 035 0. 504 99. 51
0
绿原酸加辅料 类白色粉末 1. 67 0. 079 0. 106 0. 155 0. 203 0. 030 0. 494 99. 57 绿原酸 淡黄色团块 4. 22 0. 102 0. 123 0. 157 0. 203 0. 036 0. 518 99. 47
5
绿原酸加辅料 类白色团块 8. 35 0. 101 0. 125 0. 154 0. 204 0. 033 0. 516 99. 46 绿原酸 淡黄色团块 4. 75 0. 103 0. 135 0. 174 0. 221 0. 041 0. 570 99. 43
10
绿原酸加辅料 类白色团块 8. 52 0. 104 0. 127 0. 171 0. 211 0. 038 0. 547 99. 45 结果高湿 5天和 10天与 0天比较, 绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料在性状、 干 燥失重、 有关物质和绿原酸含量方面变化基本一致, 说明在高湿条件下, 辅料与绿原酸有较好的相容性。
6. 3 强光照射实验
取绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料的样品, 室温条件下, 于光照强度为 4500士 5001x的光照箱中进行光照实验。 分别于 0、 5、 10天取样检测, 结果见表
(β 45001χ± 5001χ) 结果
有关物质 (%)
干燥失重 含量 天 样品 性 状 其他
(%) 咖啡酸 (%)
1 2 3 4 总计 绿原酸 类白色结晶性粉末 2. 31 0. 083 0. 106 0. 154 0. 211 0. 035 0. 504 99. 51
0
绿原酸加辅料 类白色粉末 1. 67 0. 079 0. 106 0. 155 0. 203 0. 030 0. 494 99. 57 绿原酸 深棕色团块 2. 38 0. 102 0. 129 0. 483 0. 223 0. 037 0. 871 99. 15
5
绿原酸加辅料 浅黄色粉末 0. 94 0. 109 0. 127 0. 470 0. 220 0. 031 0. 848 99. 15 绿原酸 深棕色团块 2. 54 0. 116 0. 129 0. 498 0. 235 0. 044 0. 905 99. 07
10
绿原酸加辅料 浅棕色粉末 0. 63 0. 112 0. 127 0. 495 0. 232 0. 042 0. 896 99. 10 结果强光照射 5天和 10天与 0天比较,绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料在性状、 干燥失重、 有关物质和绿原酸含量方面变化基本一致, 说明在强光照射条 件下, 辅料与绿原酸有较好的相容性。
绿原酸及绿原酸加辅料的高温、 高湿和强光照射的实验结果说明辅料 与绿原酸具有良好的相容性。
试验例 2本发明绿原酸粉针剂制剂工艺研究试验
根据冻干粉针剂的剂型特点和绿原酸原料药的理化性质, 进行注射用 绿原酸的工艺设计和工艺研究。
1、 工艺设计
注射用绿原酸的工艺过程设计为: 配液→除菌过滤→无菌灌装→冷冻干燥 →包装, 生产工艺流程图如图 2。
2、 工艺研究
2. 1 配液工艺研究
(1)溶解工艺研究
投料顺序为先加抗氧剂亚硫酸氢钠, 用注射用水溶解, 然后加入绿原 酸使溶解, 最后加入支架剂甘露醇搅拌溶解。
绿原酸在水中的溶解度约为 2%, 配液浓度(约为 1. 5%)小于溶解度, 在 常温条件下应能充分溶解, 经验证在配液浓度下能完全溶解。
(2)活性炭吸附工艺研究
活性炭是配制注射液常用的吸附剂, 颗粒内部有许多微孔, 具有很大 的活性表面, 对药液的色素、 杂质和热原有吸附作用。 用量一般是 0. 01〜 0. 5%, 如甲硝唑注射液的活性炭用量一般在 0. 05〜0. 08%; 诺氟沙星注射液 活性炭用量在 0. 02〜0. 04%; 甘露醇注射液活性炭用量在 0. 2〜0. 5%。 为了 充分保证制剂的安全性, 采用活性炭吸附药液中的色素、 杂质和热源, 但 活性炭加入量越多, 吸附作用越大, 绿原酸的损失也大, 故对活性炭用量 进行筛选, 结果见表 8。
表 8 活性炭用量的筛选
活性炭用量 吸附 30min绿原酸峰面积 绿原酸相对含量
0 2430905 100%
0. 01% 2348778 96. 60%
0. 03% 2260966 93. 0%
0. 05% 2222165 91. 4%
0. 10% 2199387 90. 5%
0. 20% 2040291 83. 9% 以上结果说明活性炭用量越高, 绿原酸含量下降得越多, 在不影响吸 附效果的前提下, 活性炭用量越少越好, 综合考虑我们选择活性炭用量为
0. 03%。 活性炭吸附时间为 30分钟, 注射用水的温度为 45〜50° (:。 经小试产 品和中试产品细菌内毒素检查证明, 该步骤能有效的除去热原类物质。
(3)初滤工艺
在药液中加入活性炭吸附时间 30分钟后, 为了保证精滤的效果, 采用 滤纸初滤, 除去活性炭。 经验证初滤后溶液澄清。
2. 2精滤工艺研究
绿原酸对热敏感, 为充分保证绿原酸的药效活性, 采用精滤工艺进行 终产品的除菌和除杂。 精滤常采用 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜, 本品为水溶液, 故采 用亲水性 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜进行精滤工艺研究, 精滤过程中以滤膜完整性为 指标, 考察滤膜的可靠性; 以精滤后滤膜对绿原酸吸附率为指标, 考察滤 膜对绿原酸的吸附性; 以精滤后药液的无菌检查、 澄清度与颜色和可见异 物为指标, 考察精滤工艺的可行性。
(1)滤膜完整性考察
以亲水性 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜 (上海亚东核级树脂有限公司)进行精滤前后 的起泡点实验, 结果精滤前滤膜承受的起泡点压力为 0. 40Mpa, 精滤后滤膜 承受的起泡点压力为 0. 41Mpa, 精滤前后均具有良好的完整性, 说明该微孔 滤膜适用于注射用绿原酸的除菌和除杂。
(2)滤膜对绿原酸的吸附性考察
以亲水性 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜 (上海亚东核级树脂有限公司)进行滤膜对绿 原酸的吸附性考察, 结果见表 9。
表 9 吸附性考察结果
滤前溶液绿原酸含量 (mg/ml) 滤后溶液绿原酸含量 (mg/ml) 吸附率 (%)
1. 223 1. 221 0. 15
1. 225 1. 221 0. 30
1. 221 1. 219 0. 15 结果表明, 亲水性 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜 (上海亚东核级树脂有限公司)对绿 原酸的吸附率较小, 说明此种微孔滤膜不会造成绿原酸的较大损失。
(3)精滤液相关质量指标考察
表 10 精滤液相关质量指标检测结果
序号 无菌检查 澄清度与颜色 可见异物
1 符合规定 淡黄色澄清溶液 未检出
2 符合规定 淡黄色澄清溶液 未检出
3 符合规定 淡黄色澄清溶液 未检出 研究结果表明,采用亲水性 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜 (上海亚东核级树脂有限公 司)进行精滤,能有效的去除药液中的细菌和异物,同时绿原酸的损失较小。
2. 3冻干工艺研究
绿原酸对热敏感, 故采用冷冻干燥工艺进行生产。 绿原酸在低温条件 下比较稳定, 药液固含量不高, 粘度低, 容易冷冻干燥成型, 故采用常规 的冷冻干燥条件进行冻干工艺研究。 设计冻干预试条件为预冻温度 -38°C, 预冻时间 3小时, 冷凝器温度 -60 °C, 升华干燥时间 24小时。
表 11 冻干工艺预试研究结果
¾ @ έ§¾ 外观 饱满,质地疏松
复溶性 迅速溶解 澄清度与颜色 澄清无色
干燥失重 2. 86% 冻干工艺预试研究结果表明, 在该条件下, 冻干样品的外观、 复溶性 和干燥失重等均较好, 故确定本品预冻温度为 -38 °C, 预冻时间为 3小时, 冷凝器温度为 -60 °C, 初始真空度为 400〜450mbar, 结束真空度为 180〜 200mbar, 最低真空度为 180mbar, 升华干燥时间为 24小时。
7批产品工艺研究冷冻干燥工艺参数
参数 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 预冻温度(°c) -38 -38 -38 -38 -38 -38 -38 预冻时间(h) 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 升温(-45Γ〜- 23°C)时间 12h 12h 12h 12h 12h 12h 12h 升温(- 23°C〜28°C)时间 6. 5h 6. 5h 6. 5h 6. 5h 6. 5h 6. 5h 6. 5h 冷凝器温度 -60 °C -60 °C -60 °C -60 °C -60 °C -60 °C -60 °C 初始真空度 9. lPa 9. lPa 9. lPa 9. lPa 9. lPa 9. lPa 9. lPa 结束真空度 15. lPa 15. lPa 15. lPa 15. lPa 15. lPa 15. lPa 15. lPa 最低真空度 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 33. 5Pa 再干燥温度 30 °C 30 °C 30 °C 30 °C 30 °C 30 °C 30 °C 再干燥时间 3h 3h 3h 3h 3h 3h 3h
2. 4冻干产品吸湿曲
分别取三份注射用绿原酸冻干粉末约 0. 5g于称量瓶中, 精密称定, 放 在相对湿度为 57. 7% (25 °C)的干燥器中, 在一定时间称重, 计算平均增重百 分比, 绘制吸湿曲线。 结果见表 13, 图 3。
表 13 注射用绿原酸增重百分比
^号 1 2 3 平均值 时间
Oh ― ― ― ―
4h 3. 60% 3. 93% 3. 57% 3. 70%
16h 4. 48% 4. 48% 4. 53% 4. 50%
23h 4. 51% 4. 48% 4. 52% 4. 50%
40h 4. 51% 4. 49% 4. 53% 4. 51% 从图可以看出, 注射用绿原酸在相对湿度 57. 7%放置时, 在 4小时内增 重明显, 随后趋于平缓, 所以在冻干结束后应迅速轧盖。
2. 5冻干产品温度一时间冻干曲线
冻干曲线反应的是在冷冻干燥过程中, 物料温度、 隔板温度、 冷凝器 温度、 箱体真空度随时间的变化关系。 冻干曲线的绘制不仅能够反映冻干 机的性能, 并且对实际生产有一定的指导意义,见图 4。
3、 工艺验证
据上述工艺研究结果, 确定注射用绿原酸生产工艺为: 按照制剂处方, 以 125支每批进行工艺验证, 取注射用水, 依次加入亚硫酸氢钠、 绿原酸和 甘露醇, 搅拌使充分溶解, pH控制在 2〜4; 加入 0. 03%针用活性炭, 搅拌 30 分钟后过滤除去活性炭, 再用 0. 22μπι微孔滤膜精滤至滤液澄清, 无菌灌装, 按确定的冻干工艺参数进行冻干, 轧盖即得。
4、 直接接触药品包装材料的初步选择
绿原酸对光敏感, 应选择能避光的直接接触药品的包装材料, 故初步 确定采用棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞作为直接接触 药品的包装材料。
5、 影响因素实验
将注射用绿原酸分别放于 6CTC恒温培养箱、 相对湿度 92. 5%, 25°C孵箱 和照度为(4500 ± 500) lx的光照仪器内, 在 5、 10天取出, 检测制剂外观性 状、 溶液颜色、 pH值、 不溶性微粒、 可见异物、 澄清度、 有关物质和标示 含量及直接接触药品的包装材料棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基 橡胶瓶塞的内外表面性状进行考察, 与 0天样品对比, 实验结果如下:
表 14 注射用绿原酸在高温、 高湿及强光照射下的考察结果
j TO ,J 因素 天 外观性状 pH值 不溶性微粒 可见异物
颜色 咖啡酸 其它 (%)
0 类白色粉末 3. 55 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 230 0. 474 99. 45
5 微黄色粉末 3. 57 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 245 0. 591 99. 31
60 °C
10 微黄色粉末 3. 56 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 280 0. 699 99. 19
5 类白色粉末 3. 54 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 229 0. 502 99. 42 m
10 类白色粉末 3. 53 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 232 0. 511 99. 43
5 类白色粉末 3. 56 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 250 0. 649 99. 23 光照
10 类白色粉末 3. 54 符合规定 未检出 澄清无色 0. 269 0. 674 99. 07 结果高温 10天与 0天比较, 注射用绿原酸的性状由类白色粉末变成微黄 色粉末; pH值基本无变化; 可见异物基本无变化; 有关物质咖啡酸含量增 加了 21. 74%, 其它有关物质含量增加了 47. 47%; 绿原酸含量降低了 0. 26%; 棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞外观均无变化。 说明高 温对采用棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞包装的注射用 绿原酸的稳定性有一定影响, 与辅料相容性实验 (未采用内包装)的绿原酸 加辅料基本相当。
结果高湿 10天与 0天比较, 注射用绿原酸的性状基本无变化; pH值基本 无变化; 可见异物基本无变化; 有关物质含量基本无变化; 绿原酸含量基 本无变化; 棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞外观均无变 化, 说明高湿对采用棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞包 装的注射用绿原酸稳定性基本无影响。
结果光照 10天与 0天比较, 注射用绿原酸性状基本无变化; pH值基本无 变化; 可见异物基本无变化; 有关物质咖啡酸含量增加了 16. 96%, 其它有 关物质含量增加了 42. 19%; 10天与 0天比较, 绿原酸含量降低了 0. 38%; 棕 色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞外观均无变化。 说明强光 对采用棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞包装的注射用绿 原酸的稳定性有一定影响, 但小于辅料相容性实验 (未采用内包装)的绿原 酸加辅料。 以上结果说明高温和强光对注射用绿原酸的稳定性有一定的影响, 高 湿对注射用绿原酸的稳定性基本无影响, 故采用棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射 剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞包装的注射用绿原酸应在凉暗处保存。
6、 注射用绿原酸的配伍稳定性研究
将注射用绿原酸, 按临床拟用最大浓度(0. 03%), 分别加入 0. 9%氯化钠 注射液、 5%葡萄糖注射液和注射用水配制成供试溶液, 于 0, 2, 4和 6小时分 别取样, 检查各供试溶液颜色、 PH值、 澄清度、 不溶性微粒、 可见异物、 有 关物质和标示含量等项目, 检查结果见表 15。
研究结果表明, 注射用绿原酸以临床常用的 0. 9%氯化钠注射液、 5%葡 萄糖注射液和注射用水分别配制成临床拟用最大浓度的溶液, 6小时内含量 无明显变化; 溶液澄清无色; 不溶性微粒和可见异物合格; 有关物质无明 显变化, 说明注射用绿原酸与临床常用注射用溶剂配伍稳定性良好。 为保 证绿原酸的质量和用药安全性, 建议临床使用时, 配制溶液应在 6小时内使 用。
表 15 注射用绿原酸配伍稳定性研究结果 时间 其它有关物质 (%)
澄清度 不溶性 咖啡酸 标不量 溶剂 pH值 可见异物
与颜色 微粒 (%) 1 2 3 4 5 6 (%)
0 3. 45 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 011 0. 047 0. 062 0. 015 0. 082 0. 031 0. 238 0. 475 99. 52
0. 9% 2 3. 47 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 013 0. 045 0. 050 0. 013 0. 077 0. 031 0. 206 0. 422 99. 42 氯化钠
注射液 4 3. 45 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 010 0. 044 0. 018 0. 022 0. 047 0. 039 0. 239 0. 409 99. 47
6 3. 49 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 010 0. 041 0. 033 0. 020 0. 048 0. 044 0. 239 0. 425 98. 93
0 3. 42 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 025 0. 016 0. 028 0. 061 0. 022 0. 022 0. 272 0. 421 99. 46
5% 2 3. 44 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 025 0. 013 0. 024 0. 056 0. 011 0. 022 0. 297 0. 423 99. 10 葡萄糖注射
液 4 3. 45 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 016 0. 011 0. 024 0. 060 0. 010 0. 020 0. 312 0. 437 98. 87
6 3. 48 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 020 0. 010 0. 020 0. 045 0. 015 0. 025 0. 274 0. 389 99. 04
0 3. 50 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 037 0. 014 0. 028 0. 054 0. 022 0. 118 0. 229 0. 465 99. 66
2 3. 51 澄清无色 . 238 0. 477 99. 33 灭菌注射 符合规定 未检出 0. 041 0. 016 0. 024 0. 057 0. 019 0. 123 0
用水 4 3. 51 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 036 0. 016 0. 025 0. 059 0. 023 0. 221 0. 245 0. 589 99. 10
6 3. 50 澄清无色 符合规定 未检出 0. 038 0. 011 0. 016 0. 047 0. 016 0. 278 0. 185 0. 553 99. 07
综上所述, 为了确定合理的注射用绿原酸制剂处方, 发明人对抗氧剂、 最佳 pH值、活性炭用量及吸附方法、冻干所用的支架剂做了筛选,结果以亚硫 酸氢钠作为抗氧剂,在配制中控制绿原酸溶液 pH在 2〜4,有利于制剂稳定;用 0. 03%的活性炭, 在 45 °C〜50°C搅拌 30分钟过滤, 绿原酸损失率为 5%左右, 而 且热原(内毒素)检查合格; 用 4%的甘露醇作为制剂支架剂得到的冻干品成型 性好, 复溶性好; 工艺验证结果证明了处方和工艺的合理性; 进行了 7批产品 生产, 经全检, 7批产品各项质量指标均符合规定, 充分证明了处方和工艺的 合理性。 另外, 产品影响因素实验结果说明注射用绿原酸应在凉暗处保存; 产品的质量研究和稳定性研究结果进一步证明了处方及工艺的合理性; 进行 了产品的配伍稳定性研究,注射用绿原酸与临床常用注射用溶剂 6小时内的配 伍稳定性良好, 建议临床使用时, 配制溶液应在 6小时内使用。
工业应用性
本发明绿原酸粉针剂稳定性好, 复溶性强, 临床使用安全, 具有极好的 临床应用和工业化前景。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种绿原酸粉针剂, 其特征在于: 它是由下述重量配比的原料制备而 成:
绿原酸 1 - 120份, 支架剂 1-320份、 抗氧化剂 1 ·8份。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的粉针剂, 其特征在于: 所述的支架剂为蔗糖、 甘露醇、葡萄糖、乳糖、海藻糖、羟乙基淀粉、右旋糖苷 20、山梨醇、 PEG1000, 甘油、 甘氨酸、 1, 2-丙二醇中的一种或两种以上的混合; 所述的抗氧化剂为 亚硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠、 L一半胱氨酸盐酸盐或维生素 C中的一种或两种以 上的混合。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的粉针剂,其特征在于:所述的支架剂为甘露醇; 所述的抗氧化剂为亚硫酸氢钠。
4、根据权利要求 1所述的粉针剂, 其特征在于: 所述的绿原酸的纯度为 98%以上。
5、根据权利要求 4所述的粉针剂, 其特征在于: 它是由下述重量配比的 原料制备而成:
绿原酸 3G份, 亚硫酸氢钠 2份、 甘露醇 80份。
6、 一种制备权利要求 5所述的粉针剂的方法, 它包括如下步骤: a、 称取绿原酸, 亚硫酸氢钠、 甘露醇;
b、 取注射用水, 依次加入亚硫酸氢钠、 绿原酸、 甘露醇, 搅拌使充分溶 解, pH控制在 2-4; 注射用水的温度为 45〜50°C, 加入 0. 03%的活性炭, 搅 拌 30分钟后过滤除去活性炭,再用 0. 22um亲水性微孔滤膜精滤至滤液澄清, 无菌灌装, 冻干, 即得。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的粉针剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述的冻干 步骤采用二次升温冻干, 放置于 _38 °C预冻,时间为 3 小时, 冷凝器温度为 - 60 °C, -45°C〜- 23 °C升温时间为 12h, -23 °C〜- 28°C升温时间为 6. 5h, 初始 真空度为 400〜450mbar, 结束真空度为 180〜200mbar, 最低真空度为 180mbar , 升华干燥时间为 24小时, 再在温度 30°C条件下干燥 3h。
8、 根据权利要求 6 所述的粉针剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述的 b 步骤采用磷酸缓冲溶液调节 pH值 3〜3. 5。
9、根据权利要求 6所述的粉针剂的制备方法, 其特征在于: 所述的包装 材料为棕色低硼硅玻璃管制注射剂瓶和药用丁基橡胶瓶塞。
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