WO2015097664A1

WO2015097664A1 - Scaffold supporting structure, without ground support

Info

Publication number: WO2015097664A1
Application number: PCT/IB2014/067270
Authority: WO
Inventors: Enzo MORELLI; Mario MARTINA; Michele MICELI; Davide ROMEI
Original assignee: Morelli Enzo; Martina Mario; Miceli Michele
Priority date: 2013-12-24
Filing date: 2014-12-23
Publication date: 2015-07-02
Also published as: EP3087233A1; ITRM20130720A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a scaffold supporting structure, in particular to a structure made of steel for supporting scaffolds without ground support.

Description

SCAFFOLD SUPPORTING STRUCTURE, WITHOUT GROUND SUPPORT

DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to a scaffold supporting structure, in particular to a structure made of steel for supporting scaffolds by the bearing members of the overhangs of buildings made of reinforced concrete (beams of balconies, bosses of any type, etc.) and/or on the members of buildings made of reinforced concrete (beams, pillars, etc.) or on the bearing portions of the buildings made of masonry and stones, metals, without ground support.

In the current state of art the scaffolds necessary to renovate, above all, the front sides of the buildings made of r.c. (reinforced concrete), are mainly implemented with supports starting from the ground - pavements, roads, courtyards, etc. - and they rise for the whole height of the front side.

The sustaining supports starting from the ground can involve different drawbacks: taking-up of public places with great commercial interest, such as pavements, by covering signs; difficulties in the footpath and/or vehicular passage; facilitation of thefts due to easiness in using the ground supports; aesthetical defacement of the front sides at the ground floor during work; etc.

The object of the present invention is then to overcome the problems illustrated above and this is obtained by means of a scaffold supporting structure as defined by claim 1.

An additional object of the present invention is a method for supporting a scaffold by bosses of a front side of a building, without ground support of the scaffold, as defined in claim 1 1.

The present invention, by overcoming the problems of known art, involves several and evident advantages.

With the present industrial invention the scaffolds are supported by the bearing structures of the buildings, of any type, and without ground support by eliminating the drawbacks mentioned above and by avoiding to narrow, or even to close, the narrow alleys of the old town centres.

First of all, the use of the present invention allows not to take up public places (then not to pay the taking-up thereof or at least to reduce the costs thereof) of great commercial and functional interest, with obvious advantages for the business activities placed at the ground floors. Moreover, the ground floors of the buildings remain free and therefore even signs, tables and other indications of commercial nature.

An additional advantage is given by the fact that the structure, according to the present invention, does not obstruct in any way the passage and the pedestrian and vehicular traffic as it leaves free both pavements and streets.

An additional advantage derives from the fact that the theft possibility results to be reduced due to the lack of support to the ground and consequently the compulsory insurance of the scaffolds will be cheaper.

Furthermore, the less impact, both visual and functional one, of the front sides due to the lack of taking up and covering the ground floors reduces the aesthetical defacement of the building during work.

Still an additional advantage is given by the fact that each component of the structure can be recovered after work completion and then subsequently be reused, with consequent cost saving in the work implementation itself.

Additional advantages, together with the features and the use modes of the present invention, will result evident from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments thereof, shown by way of example and not for limitative purpose.

The figures of the enclosed drawings will be referred to, wherein:

• figure 1 is a view of a main plate of a supporting structure accordign to the present invention;

• figure 2 shows a first mode for using the main plate of figure 1 , for installing a scaffold according to the present invention;

• figure 3 shows a mode for installing a scaffold according to the present invention;

• figure 4 shows a second mode for using the plate of figure 1 , for installing a scaffold according to the present invention;

· figure 5 shows an additional mode for installing a scaffold according to the present invention; figure 6 is a perspective view of a supporting structure according to the present invention;

figure 7 is a first section view of a supporting structure according to the present invention, during the fastening on a boss of a front side;

· figure 8 is a view of one of the plates (the lower one) of a supporting structure according to the present invention;

figure 9 is a second cross view of a supporting structure according to the present invention, fastened on a boss of a front side;

figure 10 is a view of an articulated joint device according to the present invention;

figure 11 is a schematic view of a front side of a palace wherein a scaffold is supported according to the present invention;

figure 12 is a schematic view of an additional mode for using the present invention; and

· figure 13 shows the graphs of the breakdown of the acting forces according thereto the total weight of the scaffold is supported by the system of the present invention.

The present invention will be described hereinafter by referring to the above- mentioned figures.

As already said, with the present industrial invention the scaffolds are supported by the bearing structures of all buildings and without ground support.

The supporting structures made of steel, of the present invention, are the combination of pairs of metal plates with various shape, one as basis and the other ones as inter-floor, coupled and anchored to the wall and/or to the initial portion of the overhang, by means of fastening members and tightened above and underneath by means of nuts with washers.

By firstly referring to figure 1 , this shows a supporting structure 1 according to the present invention, in particular for supporting a scaffold by bosses of a front side 40 of a building, without ground support of the scaffold.

The structure 1 first of all comprises a main plate 3 and a first tubular member segment 10 integrally connected or connectable to the main plate 3, in a substantially central position of the plate 3 and so as to develop in a substantially orthogonal direction with respect to the plane of the plate 3.

Furthermore, the structure 1 comprises removable means 200 of the main plate 3 for linking to a portion of the front side 40. The subsequent figure 2 shows a first mode for using the main plate of figure 1 , for installing a scaffold according to the present invention.

In particular, according to such first embodiment, the removable linking means 200 can comprise foaming fastening members or to be applied with resins in holes made in advance on the front side 40. It doesn't seem necessary to go into details for such fastening members, as they can be within the comprehension of a person skilled in the art.

By referring to figure 3, one or more supporting structures 1 according to the invention are then fastened to the front side 40, and the scaffold which will rest upon a slab 300 of a balcony is connected thereto. The subsequent figure 3 shows a second mode for using the plate of figure 1 , for installing a scaffold according to the present invention.

Such installing mode can be performed when there is not a suitable slab thereupon the scaffold can be rested.

In these cases, alternatively to the installation mode described above, a resting member 400, to be anchored too to the front side 40, can be advantageously provided (see figures 4 and 12).

Such resting member 400, generally, is a metallic structure which can be shaped like a framework, a mesh or other type, or a shape like an overturned "L" or a triangular one or other. Generally, it could be anchored to the front side, by means of several fastening members, such as threaded bars, and have an overhanging side for a variable length depending upon the presence, or not, of more or less protruding overhangs (balconies, projections, etc.). In this way, the combination between basis metallic structure and the inter-floor metallic structures supports wholly and easily the overall weight of the scaffold even in presence of considerable overhangs which the single metal structures could not support autonomously.

The combined action of the metal structures even contribute to reduce mostly the moment stress.

The subsequent figure 4 shows an additional use mode which provides only the use of one resting member 400, without main plate 3.

By now referring to figure 5, this shows a supporting structure V according to an additional embodiment of the present invention, in particular for supporting a scaffold by bosses of a front side of a building, without ground support of the scaffold.

The structure V first of all comprises a first plate 2 and a second plate 3 corresponding to the main plate 3 described sofar. Upon use, as visible in figures 6 and 8 and as it will be described better even hereinafter, such first and second plates are suitable, respectively, to be positioned above and under a boss of the front side and to be connected and tightened therebetween. To this purpose, the structure V, in fact, comprises removable linking members 5, 6, 7. Preferably, the removable linking members 5, 6, 7 comprise one or more threaded bars 5, passing through corresponding holes made on the plates, and respective tightening nuts 6 .

The plates are both metallic, preferably made of steel. Furthermore, both plates 2, 3, can have one or more stiffening or reinforcing ribs 8. Moreover, the structure V comprises a first tubular member segment 10 integrally connected or connectable to said second plate 3.

Such first tubular segment 10, for example a portion of metallic cylinder, can be directly welded to the plate 3, or can be removably connected thereto by means of a plug-in or screw system. The first tubular member 10 is fastened to the plate 3 in a substantially central position thereof and so as to develop in substantially orthogonal direction with respect to the plane of the plate itself.

In this way, the two plates can be fastened to a boss 50 of the front side, for example the overhang of a balcony or terrace. The first plate 2 will be positioned above the boss slab, whereas the second plate 3 will be positioned correspondingly below the overhang slab. According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, after having pierced the boss slab at the holes present on the plates, the two plates can be connected therebetween by means of two threaded bars tightened by nuts 6 and washers 7.

Advantageously, the two plates can be positioned so as to tighten inside thereof even one or more reinforced beams of the slab of the balcony.

For sizes, materials and presence of reinforcing ribs, the two plates can be reasonably equal therebetween. Advantageously, the structure can further comprise at least a plate-like protection member 9, apt to be placed between at least one of the plates and the boss.

Preferably, two plate-like protection members 9 are provided, one for each one of the plates. Such protection members have both the function of protecting the plates themselves and the boss from possible damages and facilitating the adherence between the components and avoiding unwished motions.

According to an embodiment, such plate-like protection members 9 are neoprene sheets, with sizes substantially equal to those of the plates 2, 3.

By referring to figure 9, the structure further comprises an articulated joint device 1 1 apt to connect removably a second tubular member segment 12 to the first tubular member 10.

In this way, the second tubular member segment 12 can be connected so as to have an inclination with respect to the first tubular member segment 10, for example preferably an inclination of about 45°. It is to be meant that additional fastening components 101 , of known and standardized type, could be used at the same time, for example for fastening the scaffold on the front sides of the bosses 50, as visible in figure 10.

According to the present invention, then a method is provided for supporting a scaffold 100 by bosses 50 of a front side 40 of a building, without ground support of the scaffold itself.

Such method first of all comprises a step of providing at least a pair of supporting structures V according to what described sofar.

The number of supporting structures V, of course, will depend upon the extension of the scaffold 100 to be supported and upon the height (in number of floors) of the front side 40.

The method then provides to fasten the structures V to respective bosses 50 of the front side by means of tightening the first and the second plates on the bosses themselves. It has already said that the bosses can be overhangs of balconies or terraces, and that said structures preferably are fastened on said overhangs close to the front side, as illustrated in an exemplifying way in figure 6.

Then, the method provides to connect a scaffold 100 to the second tubular members 12 which will have been connected to the supporting structures V, as already widely described previously.

As already described, the supporting structures 1 will be positioned so as to tighten inside thereof one or more reinforced beams of the slab 50 of the balcony or terrace.

As already described in relation to the first embodiment, even in this case, the scaffold can be supported by a resting member 400 anchored to the front side of the building.

Figure 11 shows schematically such use mode. As far as the resting member 400 is concerned, the considerations already made previously are exactly valid.

With the purpose of analysing in details the forces coming into play and, consequently, to dimension the various component portions, it is advantageous to start from a practical example.

Let's suppose to have to implement a scaffold to do maintenance of the front side of a common building in reinforced concrete for civil houses with number six of floors, apart from the ground floor, with an interfloor height of 3 meters (the height of the ground floor is not important as the scaffold starts from the slab of the first floor).

By supposing a distance between the two trestles of 2 meters and an overall weight of the scaffold (own weight, weight of material, etc.) for a width of 2 meters and for a height of two floors, of kg. 700, this will be the weight which must be supported by the structures of the present invention. As it can be seen in figure 12 representing the graphs of the breaking-down of the acting forces wherein the total weight of the scaffold is designated with the letter P (which by sake of simplicity it is designated equal to 100 to have the several forces broken down in percentage) and it is broken down according to the direction of the second tubular segment connected to the scaffold and to the first tubular segment of the cylinder projecting from the lower plate by means of the articulated joint.

The weight P, broken down in the direction of the second tubular segment, arranged at 45°, and in the direction orthogonal to the same, gives: P = Po + Pv (Po component along the second tubular segment = 70,7; Pv component orthogonal to the second tubular segment = 70,7).

The Po component, once reached the first vertical tubular segment welded to the plate, breaks down in a force according to the first tubular segment and in a force orthogonal to the same: that is Poo + Pov (Pov, according to the first tubular segment, = 50; Poo, orthogonal to the first tubular segment, = 50). Poo is a secondary cutting stress in the horizontal direction of the slab, which is absorbed by the metallic structure of the present invention. Pov = 50, is half of the weight P made to be supported by the same structure.

The Pv component of weight P, orthogonal to the second tubular segment, by loading on the lower metallic horizontal bar thereat the second tubular segment arrives, breaks down according to the same bar, in: Pvo + Pvv. Pvo = 50 acts horizontally along the same bar and pushes against the slab edge by means of a usual fastening system. Pvv = 50 acts vertically on the cross-piece, at 45°, and it breaks down, in turn, in Pvvo + Pvvv. Pvvo =35.5 acts according to the second tubular segment and, once arrived at the first vertical tubular segment welded to the lower plate, breaks down into two forces: Pvvoo + Pvvov.

The first one (Pvvoo = 25) acts along the axis of the cylinder and constitutes the fourth portion of the weight. The second one (Pvvov = 25) acts orthogonally to the cylinder and determines a cutting action of the cylinder on the plate, cancelled by the cutting action of one of the two components of Pvvv. In fact, this one exerts a tangential action along the cross-piece and once arrived at the vertical cylinder welded to the plate, it breaks down into Pvvvo + Pvvvv. The first one acts according to the cylinder and constitutes the fourth portion of the weight; the second one acts orthogonally to the cylinder, in the opposite direction with respect to Pvvov and cancels the cutting action thereof, as said above.

The whole weight is carried and made to be supported by the structure by means of the following components: Poo (= 50) + Pvvoo (= 25) + Pvvvo (= 25) = 100.

According to an exemplifying embodiment, the sizes of the various members composing the structure are the following ones.

The lower and upper plates have a thickness of mm 5. The reinforcing ribs have a section of mm. 20 x mm. 20. The threaded bars have a diameter of Φ 14 mm. The sizes of the lower and upper plates are cm. 30 x cm. 55. The interaxis between the threaded bars is cm. 25. The position of the first reinforced tubular segment of welded cylinder is in a barycentric position with respect to the lower plate and therefore in a medium position on the alignment of the two passage holes of the threaded bars. The outer diameter of the reinforced cylinder is mm. 48.25, whereas the thickness is mm. 5.

The above shown sizes are those considered the most used ones, but there can be, in relation to particular situations and different needs, members composing the structure with different sizes.

MOST RECURRENT APPLICATION CASES (which do not exhaust the possibilities of applying the present invention).

A) Continuous front side or portion thereof without overhangs and/or indentations B) Continuous front side or portion thereof with overhangs and/or indentations

C) Continuous front side or portion thereof without overhangs but with canopy at the covering slab and/or at the first slab

D) Continuous front side or portion thereof without overhangs but with indentations

E) Continuous front side or portion thereof with ornaments and/or architectural decorations of various type (historical, monumental palaces, etc.)

F) Continuous front side or portion thereof made of glass with or without overhangs and/or indentations

G) Continuous front side or portion thereof with arcades, terraces, etc.

H) Continuous front side or portion thereof with linear and/or curve course, with or without overhangs and/or indentations

I) Continuous front side or portion thereof with triangular, cuspidate and/or polygonal, infilled and not overhangs and/or indentations. PARTICULAR APPLICATIONS When a scaffold is to be armoured on a front side of a building of any kind (even historical and monumental buildings having balconies made of stone supported with brackets made of stone or iron too), with bosses, projections, moderately or on the average projecting balconies, the sizes of the basis metallic structure are variable with the entity of the overhangs and however always coupled with the inter-floor metallic structures; the sizes and the number of the fastening members vary depending upon the entity of the overhangs.

SIZES OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENT MEMBERS

The sizes, shapes and number and interaxis of the fastening members of the various members composing the metallic structures are variable in number and type depending upon the entity of the overhangs.

The metallic plates must have a thickness of at least mm 5. The possible reinforcing ribs have a section of mm. 20 x mm. 20.

The fastening members (threaded bars or the like) have a diameter of at least Φ14 mm.

The outer diameter of the reinforced cylinder generally is mm. 48.25, whereas the thickness usually is mm. 5.

The above-mentioned sizes are those considered mostly used, but there can be, in relation to particular situations and different needs, members composing the structure with different sizes.

The present invention has been sofar described by referring to preferred embodiments thereof. It is to be meant that each one of the technical solutions implemented in the preferred embodiments herein described by way of example, could advantageously be combined differently therebetween, in order to create other embodiments belonging to the same inventive core and however within the protection scope of the herebelow reported claims.

Claims

1. A structure for supporting a scaffold from bosses of a front side (40) of a building in reinforced concrete, without support on the ground of the scaffold, comprising: a main plate (3);

a first tubular member segment (10) integrally connected or connectable with said main plate (3), in a substantially central position of said main plate (3) and so to develop in a substantially orthogonal direction with respect to the plane of said main plate (3),

removable means (200) of said main plate (3) for linking to a portion of said front side (40).

2. The structure according to claim 1 , wherein said removable linking means (200) comprises two or more foaming fastening members or to be anchored through resins.

3. The structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a member (400) for resting the scaffold, apt to be anchored to the front side (40).

4. The structure according to claim 3, wherein said resting member (400) comprises framework-like structure.

5. The structure according to claim 3, wherein said resting member (400) comprises a "L"-shaped or triangular element.

6. The structure according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said plate (3) preferably is made of steel and/or has one or more stiffening ribs.

7. The structure according to one previous claims, comprising, apart from said main plate (3):

- a first plate (2);

removable linking means (5) of said first plate (2) and main plate (3); said plates (2, 3) being respectively apt to be positioned above and below a boss of said front face and connected and tightened therebetween by means of said removable linking means (5).

8. The structure according to claim 7, wherein said removable linking means comprises at least a pair of threaded bars, passing in corresponding holes on said plates (2, 3), and respective tightening nuts.

9. The structure according to claim 8, comprising two threaded bars.

10. The structure according to one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising at least a plate-like protection member, apt to be placed between one of said plates (2, 3) and said boss.

11. The structure according to claim 10, comprising two plate-like protection members, one for each one of said plates (2, 3).

12. The structure according to claim 10 or 11 , wherein said plate-like protection members are neoprene sheets, with sizes substantially equal to those of the plates (2, 3).

13. The structure according to one of claims 7 to 12, wherein said plates (2, 3) preferably are made of steel and/or have one or more stiffening ribs.

14. The structure according to one previous claims, further comprising an articulated joint device apt to connect removably a second tubular member segment to said first tubular member, said second tubular member segment being apt to be connected so to have an inclination with respect to said first tubular member segment.

15. The structure according to claim 14, wherein said tilting is about 45°.

16. A method for supporting a scaffold without ground support, comprising the steps of: providing one or more supporting structures according to one of claims 1 to 15;

fixing said structure to said front side by means of said main plate; connecting said scaffold to second tubular members connected to said supporting structures.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein said supporting structures are fastened to respective bosses of said front side by tightening said first and second plates on said bosses.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein said bosses are overhangs of balconies or terraces, and said structures are fixed on said overhangs close to the front side.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein said supporting structures are positioned so as to tighten inside thereof one or more reinforced beams of the slab of the balcony or terrace.