WO2015050188A1 - 二酢酸アルカリ金属塩を含む固形透析用a剤、及びそれを用いた2剤型の低酢酸透析用剤 - Google Patents
二酢酸アルカリ金属塩を含む固形透析用a剤、及びそれを用いた2剤型の低酢酸透析用剤 Download PDFInfo
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- acetic acid
- acetate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/14—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/08—Solutions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1654—Dialysates therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
- A61P7/08—Plasma substitutes; Perfusion solutions; Dialytics or haemodialytics; Drugs for electrolytic or acid-base disorders, e.g. hypovolemic shock
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a solid dialysis agent A containing an alkali metal diacetate and a low acetic acid dialysis agent using the same. More specifically, the present invention is a solid dialysis agent A used for preparing a bicarbonate dialysis solution together with a dialysis agent B containing sodium hydrogen carbonate, and the total acetate ion concentration in the dialysis solution It is related with A agent for solid dialysis which can be prepared so that it may become less than 6 mEq / L, is excellent in storage stability, such as glucose, and can reduce an acetic acid odor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a dialysis agent containing the dialysis agent A.
- Dialysis therapy has been established as a treatment method for patients with renal failure and is performed for the purpose of adjusting blood electrolyte component concentration, removing uremic substances, correcting acid-base balance, and the like.
- the dialysate used for this dialysis treatment contains a plurality of components, but components that meet the purpose of the treatment and have a low burden on the living body should be blended in an appropriate concentration.
- bicarbonate dialysis solutions using sodium bicarbonate have been the mainstream in dialysis fluids to correct acid-base balance, and it has become essential to add acid to neutralize the dialysis fluid. Yes.
- carbon dioxide is generated in the container and it becomes very unstable. Therefore, as a dialysis agent used for the preparation of dialysate, It is common to manufacture in two parts and mix at the time of use.
- a agent contains sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, pH adjuster (acid and optional buffer component), and glucose
- B agent contains sodium bicarbonate. ing.
- the B agent is contraindicated in calcium chloride or magnesium chloride.
- the powdered dialysis agent initially consisted of three agents: A-1 containing electrolyte and pH adjuster, A-2 consisting of glucose only, and B consisting of sodium bicarbonate. In A, A-1 and A-2 are combined, and a two-agent type consisting of A and B is the mainstream.
- bicarbonate dialysate is formulated to have the following composition and concentration when used as a dialysate in clinical practice.
- the dialysate is a liquid A agent obtained by dissolving a liquid A agent or a powder A agent, or an A solution obtained by dissolving a powder A-1 agent and an A-2 agent during dialysis treatment.
- the liquid B or the liquid B obtained by dissolving the powder B is diluted and mixed, but as mentioned above, the bicarbonate dialysate contains acid and sodium bicarbonate. Due to the coexistence, carbon dioxide gas is generated with the passage of time, and at the same time, the pH may be increased to produce insoluble calcium carbonate or the like. Due to this phenomenon, there is a problem that the calcium concentration effective for the treatment is reduced or crystals are attached to the piping or hose of the dialysis machine.
- acetic acid has been used as a pH regulator for a long time, but in recent years, acetic acid has a peripheral vasodilatory effect and cardiac function inhibitory effect, induces inflammatory cytokines, and burdens on patients with acetic intolerance.
- acetic acid is metabolized in a short time, it does not accumulate in the living body, but has an effect of suppressing cardiac function and peripheral vasodilatation, and has the effect of lowering blood pressure as a result.
- dialysis treatment is also a treatment for removing water in the body, blood pressure reduction inevitably occurs during dialysis and after dialysis.
- coping therapy such as water removal control and administration of vasopressor is often used in combination. Since the presence or absence of symptoms due to these actions varies from patient to patient, it is also considered that the concentration of acetic acid contained in the dialysate is also caused. In recent years, acetic acid-free (acetate-free) dialysis has been proposed as one method for overcoming such a situation.
- citric acid instead of acetic acid as a pH regulator is commercially available and clinically used (for example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
- citric acid since citric acid has a strong chelating action, it chelate a part of calcium in the dialysate, lowering the ionized calcium concentration, and because it is a stronger acid than acetic acid, the pH of the concentrated solution A is low. Therefore, there is a risk of corrosion of parts of the dissolution apparatus and dialysis machine.
- organic acid salt is added to increase the pH of solution A, calcium citrate crystals precipitate and affect the composition. And so on.
- citric acid is easily chelated with alkaline earth metals, so it chelates with calcium and magnesium in the dialysate components.
- this action is particularly strong against calcium, the adjustment of the amount of calcium is very important in dialysis treatment, and thus there is a drawback that the decrease in ionized calcium concentration by chelate greatly affects the patient's calcium balance.
- citric acid and calcium are contained in the dialysate at approximately the same concentration (ion equivalent ratio)
- about 35% of calcium is chelated, and the amount of ionized calcium in the dialysate decreases accordingly. This makes it difficult to control the blood calcium concentration.
- citric acid also enters the body by dialysis, so when citric acid and calcium are combined in the blood, there is a risk that sparingly soluble calcium citrate will be generated and deposited in blood vessels. At the same time, there is also a concern that the management of calcium in the body, which is important in dialysis patients, becomes difficult due to unclear kinetics of these components after entering the blood. In addition, a decrease in the concentration of ionized calcium by citric acid promotes relaxation of the myocardium and vascular smooth muscle, leading to hypotension, and there are problems in that it is difficult to use for patients who tend to bleed due to the anticoagulant action of citric acid.
- Patent Document 1 describes an acetic acid-free powder-type dialysate that can prevent the formation of insoluble compounds, suppress the precipitation of calcium carbonate, and prevent the decomposition of glucose by using citric acid. This is achieved by using a limited range of pH 2.2 to 2.9.
- citric acid as an acid component other than acetic acid
- biologically safe substances such as lactic acid, malic acid, fumaric acid and gluconic acid as organic acids other than citric acid
- citric acid or the like is concerned that the ionized calcium concentration is lowered due to the strong chelating action, but strictly speaking, acetic acid also lowers the ionized calcium concentration.
- the concentration of ionized calcium in the dialysate is actually lower than that using hydrochloric acid as a pH regulator.
- hydrochloric acid as a pH regulator.
- the ionized calcium concentration further decreases.
- the reason that the prescription is 8 mEq / L or more in Japan is that when the previous acetate dialysate (sodium acetate is not used and sodium acetate is blended more than 30 mEq / L) is changed to bicarbonate dialysate, This is because the merit of bicarbonate and the merit of acetate, that is, the one that directly corrects the bicarbonate ion of blood, and the merit of slowly correcting the bicarbonate ion through the metabolism of acetate are used.
- liquid preparation (A liquid) is mainly sold overseas.
- sodium acetate is used as a part of the alkalizing agent, but since only sodium B sodium carbonate is used as the alkalizing agent overseas, sodium acetate is not used. Therefore, as the acetic acid component, only acetic acid in an amount of usually 4 mEq / L or less is usually used as the pH regulator.
- dialysate containing acetic acid in dialysis facilities that handle a large amount even though it is liquid, the odor of acetic acid is very strong and unpleasant, so that the dialysate is not as open as possible during production and use. Will also be needed.
- sodium acetate is usually blended in an amount of more than 2 times and not more than 5 times with respect to acetic acid.
- Rinpack TA-1 is 2.2 times (acetic acid 2.5 mEq / L: sodium acetate). 5.5 mEq / L), kindery 2E is 3 times (acetic acid 2 mEq / L: sodium acetate 6 mEq / L), highsolve F is 4.5 times (acetic acid 2 mEq / L: sodium acetate 9 mEq / L), highsolve D is 5 times (Acetic acid 2 mEq / L: Sodium acetate 10 mEq / L).
- the dialysis agent set so that the pH of the solution A (concentrated solution) obtained in this way is about 4 and the total acetate ion content in the dialysis solution is 4 to 8 mEq / L. Does not exist.
- Patent Document 6 discloses that acetic acid and sodium acetate are used, and the total acetate ion content in the dialysate is preferably 5 mEq / L at maximum.
- Patent Document 6 discloses a basic concentrate (sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium chloride and sodium acetate) and an individual concentrate (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, hydrochloric acid / or acetic acid, glucose).
- the molar ratio of acetate / sodium is 0.03 or less.
- Patent Document 6 merely discloses a dialysis agent that is effective for producing a dialysis fluid having a total acetate ion content of less than about 4 mEq / L.
- the dialysis agent of Patent Document 6 makes it possible to provide various individual concentrates that can be selected for each patient, and the purpose of blending sodium acetate is the stability and storage of the basic concentrate at low temperatures. It is an improvement of sex. That is, a small amount of sodium acetate in the basic concentrate increases the solubility of sodium bicarbonate and suppresses the formation of precipitates.
- the dialysis agent of Patent Document 6 enables various prescription dialysis (calcium, magnesium, potassium, etc.) according to individual patients, and requires a rather complicated system. Since acetate is designed to be blended into different preparations, it differs from the general two-agent dialysis agent consisting of agent A and agent B in terms of its preparation and dialysate preparation method. ing. Moreover, in patent document 6, the technical means for reducing the acetic acid odor of the dialysis agent is not examined at all. Furthermore, in the dialysis agent of Patent Document 6, since the individual concentrate contains hydrochloric acid or acetic acid and does not contain a basic component, it is exposed to strong acidity with a pH of 3 or less. It cannot be said that it is a good formulation in terms of the corrosion problem of liquid production equipment and the stability of glucose and the like.
- agent A electrophilicity, glucose, etc.
- agent B sodium bicarbonate
- acetic acid is a factor for degrading glucose
- a dialysis agent that uses acetic acid and contains glucose is required to have a formulation design that fully considers the stability of glucose. Therefore, it is necessary to find an optimal prescription while fully considering such problems.
- dialysates with low total acetate ion content reported at academic societies etc. simply reduce the addition amount of acetic acid and sodium acetate of dialysis agent A with total acetate ion content set to 8 mEq / L to 1/2 respectively. Since it is prepared by changing, there is a drawback that the pH of the dialysate is inevitably high. In such a high pH dialysate, there is a concern that continuous use may lead to vascular calcification of the patient, and there is also a problem of calcium deposition on the dialysate preparation device and the dialyzer.
- a method for reducing acetic acid odor by adsorbing acetic acid to sodium acetate by adding or spraying acetic acid to sodium acetate is disclosed as a method for reducing acetic acid odor.
- sodium acetate is contained in an equivalent ratio of more than 2 with respect to acetic acid, and it is not mentioned in the case of 2 or less.
- Patent Documents 8 and 9 disclose that sodium acetate is used in an equimolar amount or more with respect to acetic acid, but a specific production method in the case of equimolar amount is not described, and substantially. Is used under the condition that acetic acid is less likely to volatilize at an equivalent ratio of 3 or more. Further, these patent documents are not designed so that the total acetate ion content in the dialysate is 4 to 8 mEq / L, and do not disclose a formulation technique applicable to a low acetate dialysis agent.
- the total acetate ion content in the dialysate can be set to a low value, and it has excellent storage stability such as glucose, can reduce the odor of acetic acid, and corrodes dialysate preparation equipment and dialysers.
- the development of a dialysis agent that can be suppressed and that can be practically used, and a method for producing the same, are eagerly desired.
- JP 2003-104869 A International Publication No. 2005/094918 JP-A-10-087478 International Publication No. 2010/112570 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-24061 JP-A-6-245959 JP 2007-130165 A JP 7-59846 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-259133
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solid dialysis solution used for the preparation of bicarbonate dialysate, which can set the total acetate ion content in the dialysate to a low value, has excellent storage stability such as glucose, and can reduce acetic acid odor.
- a agent and a low-acetic acid dialysis agent using the same are examples of a solid dialysis solution used for the preparation of bicarbonate dialysate, which can set the total acetate ion content in the dialysate to a low value, has excellent storage stability such as glucose, and can reduce acetic acid odor.
- the present inventors in a solid dialysis agent A used for the preparation of bicarbonate dialysate, contain acetic acid and acetate together with glucose, By setting at least a part of the salt to be an alkali metal diacetate salt and a molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate to 1: 0.5 to 2, the total acetate ion concentration becomes 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L. In addition to the excellent stability of components such as glucose in dialysis agent A, it was found that the odor of acetic acid can be reduced. The present invention has been completed by further studies based on this finding.
- Item 3. The dialysis agent A according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the acetic acid: acetate molar ratio is 1: 1 to 1.5.
- Item 4. The dialysis agent A according to any one of Items 1 to 3, which is used for preparing a dialysate having a total acetate ion of 2 mEq / L or more and 5 mEq / L or less.
- Items 1 to 4 wherein the pH of the dialysis agent A is 3.9 to 4.6 when the solution is concentrated to 35 times the concentration of each component in the dialysate to be finally prepared. A dialysis agent according to any one of the above.
- Item 6. Item 6.
- Item 7. Item 6.
- Item 8. Item 8.
- Item 10. Item 10.
- Item 11. The alkali metal diacetate is obtained by reacting acetic acid with an alkali metal acetate, an alkali metal hydroxide, an alkali metal carbonate, or an alkali metal bicarbonate.
- a first raw material comprising acetic acid and an acetate salt, at least part of which is an alkali metal diacetate
- a second raw material comprising a composition comprising a physiologically usable electrolyte other than acetic acid and acetate
- All of acetic acid and acetate in dialysis agent A are contained in the first raw material, or part of acetic acid and acetate in dialysis agent A is also contained in the second raw material, and glucose is contained in the first raw material.
- the dialysis agent A according to any one of Items 1 to 11. Item 13. Item 13.
- Item 14. The dialysis agent A according to any one of Items 1 to 13, wherein the water content is 1.0% by weight or less.
- Item 15. Item 15.
- Item 17. Item 17.
- a two-part dialysis agent comprising the dialysis agent A according to any one of Items 1 to 16 and a dialysis agent B containing sodium bicarbonate.
- Preparation method of bicarbonate dialysis solution Item 19.
- a dialysis agent A used for the preparation of a bicarbonate dialysis solution having a total acetate ion of 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L
- a composition comprising glucose, acetic acid and acetate, wherein at least a portion of the acetic acid and acetate is an alkali metal diacetate and the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is 1: 0.5-2.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention can prepare a bicarbonate dialysis solution so that the total acetate ion concentration is less than 6 mEq / L. Therefore, it can suppress symptoms such as a decrease in blood pressure during dialysis and greatly improve safety. In addition, it is possible to effectively suppress the decrease in the ionized calcium concentration in the dialysate.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention is intended to improve the stability of other components such as glucose, reduce the odor of acetic acid, and further suppress corrosion of the dialysate preparation device and the dialysis device. Improvements in quality, use environment at medical sites, and the like have been achieved, and operability at medical sites has been greatly improved.
- the total acetate ion concentration in the dialysate is set to 2 to 5 mEq / L, and the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is about 1: 1 to 1.5.
- a bicarbonate dialysis solution can be prepared so that the total acetate ion concentration is less than 6 mEq / L, which is clinically more useful than the conventional solid or liquid dialysis agent A.
- a dialysis agent A excellent in terms of storage stability and handling can be provided.
- the dialysis fluid preparation device and the dialysis device are adversely affected by providing the dialysis agent A and the dialysis agent B containing sodium bicarbonate in combination as a two-component dialysis agent. Therefore, it is possible to prepare a bicarbonate dialysis solution having a total acetate ion concentration of less than 6 mEq / L with excellent safety, quality, and operability.
- the indication of “to” indicating a numerical range indicates that it is greater than or equal to the numerical value attached to the left side thereof and less than or equal to the numerical value attached to the right side thereof.
- the notation means X or more and Y or less.
- a dialysis agent A of the present invention is a solid dialysis agent A used for the preparation of bicarbonate dialysate, and includes glucose, acetic acid and acetate, and at least one of acetic acid and acetate. Part is an alkali metal diacetate, the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is 1: 0.5-2, and the total acetate ion is 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L. It is characterized by that.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention will be described in detail.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention contains acetic acid and acetate, and at least part of the acetic acid and acetate is in the form of alkali metal diacetate.
- an acetic acid odor can be suppressed effectively by acetic acid and at least one part of an acetate being an alkali metal diacetate.
- the alkali metal diacetate is a complex (MH (C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 ; M represents an alkali metal atom) in which 1 mole of an alkali metal acetate and 1 mole of acetic acid are complexed. From 1 mol of alkali metal acetate, 1 mol of acetate (alkali metal acetate) and 1 mol of acetic acid are supplied.
- alkali metal diacetate used in the present invention examples include sodium diacetate and potassium diacetate. These alkali metal diacetates may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. Among the alkali metal diacetates, sodium diacetate is preferable.
- acetic acid and acetate may contain acetic acid and / or acetate other than the alkali metal diacetate as long as the molar ratio described later is satisfied.
- the acetic acid may be glacial acetic acid.
- the acetate is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate, and examples thereof include sodium acetate and potassium acetate. These acetates may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type. These acetate salts may be anhydrous acetate salts.
- 1 mol of alkali metal diacetate is a complex composed of 1 mol of acetic acid and 1 mol of alkali metal acetate. That is, the ratio of the alkali metal diacetate to the total amount of acetic acid and acetate is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of more effectively reducing the odor of acetic acid, the total amount of acetic acid and acetate
- the amount of acetic acid and acetate derived from alkali metal diacetate is 5 to 100 mol%, preferably 20 to 100 mol%, more preferably 50 to 100 mol%.
- the ratio of acetic acid and acetate derived from the alkali metal diacetate in the total amount of W is , (2X / W) ⁇ 100 (mol%).
- the 10 mol% of acetic acid and acetate are derived from alkali metal diacetate.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention is set so that the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate satisfies 1: 0.5-2.
- the dialysate can have an appropriate pH due to the buffering action of acetate-acetate. become.
- the pH of the liquid A (concentrated liquid) obtained by dissolving the dialysis agent A in water can be adjusted to about 3.9 to 4.6, Corrosion of the dialysate preparation device and the dialyzer can be suppressed.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid to acetate in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is from the viewpoint of more effectively exerting the action of improving the storage stability of the dialysis agent A such as glucose and reducing the odor of acetic acid.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is preferably 1: 0.75 to 1.75, more preferably 1: 0.75 to 1.5, still more preferably 1: 1 to 1.5, and particularly preferably 1. : 1 to 1.25.
- the alkali metal diacetate is a complex of 1 mol of acetic acid and 1 mol of alkali metal acetate
- 1 acetic acid and acetate derived from 1 mol of alkali metal diacetate are each 1 Calculated as moles. That is, for example, when the source of acetic acid and acetate consists only of alkali metal diacetate, the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is 1: 1.
- the source of acetic acid and acetate is composed of X mole of alkali metal diacetate, Y mole of acetic acid, and Z mole of acetate
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: acetate is 1: (X + Z) / (X + Y).
- the total acetate ion content in the finally prepared dialysate is 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L, preferably 2 mEq / L. It is set to be 5.5 mEq / L or less, more preferably 2 mEq / L or more and 5 mEq / L or less.
- the dialysate has an appropriate pH due to the buffering action of acetic acid-acetate, and at a level that cannot be realized with the conventional two-part dialysis agent. Since the total acetate ion content in the dialysate can be set to a low level, symptoms such as a decrease in blood pressure induced by acetate ions during dialysis can be suppressed, and safety can be significantly improved.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention contains glucose for the purpose of maintaining the blood glucose level of the patient in addition to the aforementioned acetic acid and acetate.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention by containing the specific acetic acid and the acetate in a specific ratio, the decomposition of glucose is suppressed, and the stability is improved.
- the content of glucose in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is appropriately set according to the glucose concentration provided in the finally prepared dialysate.
- the glucose content in the dialysis agent A is such that the glucose concentration in the finally prepared dialysate is 0 to 2.5 g / L, preferably 1.0 to 2.0 g / L. What is necessary is just to set suitably.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention may contain a physiologically usable electrolyte used in the dialysate, in addition to the aforementioned acetic acid, acetate salt, and glucose.
- electrolytes can be sources of magnesium ions, calcium ions, sodium ions, potassium ions, chloride ions, citrate ions, lactate ions, gluconate ions, succinate ions, malate ions, and the like. Is mentioned.
- the electrolyte (other than acetic acid and acetate) contained in the dialysis agent A of the present invention preferably contains at least a source of sodium ions, chloride ions, magnesium ions and calcium ions. In addition, it is more preferable that a source of potassium ions is further included.
- magnesium salts can be mentioned.
- the magnesium salt used in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate.
- magnesium chloride, magnesium lactate, magnesium citrate, magnesium gluconate, Examples include magnesium succinate and magnesium malate.
- magnesium chloride is preferably used as a magnesium supply source because of its high solubility in water.
- These magnesium salts may be in the form of hydrates and / or dried or anhydrous.
- these magnesium salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- Calcium salts can be cited as a source of calcium ions.
- the calcium salt used in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate.
- calcium chloride, calcium lactate, calcium citrate, calcium gluconate examples include calcium succinate and calcium malate.
- calcium chloride is preferably used as a calcium supply source because of its high solubility in water.
- These calcium salts may be in the form of hydrates and / or dried or anhydrous.
- these calcium salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- sodium ion supply source examples include sodium salts.
- sodium diacetate and / or sodium acetate is used as acetic acid and acetate
- the sodium diacetate and sodium acetate are sources of sodium ions, but sodium diacetate and sodium salts other than sodium acetate are also used.
- sodium ions can be replenished and the dialysate can be provided with a desired sodium ion concentration.
- the sodium salt is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate, and examples thereof include sodium chloride, sodium lactate, sodium citrate, sodium gluconate, sodium succinate, and sodium malate.
- sodium chloride is the most physiological substance and is therefore preferably used as a sodium source.
- These sodium salts may be in the form of hydrates and / or dried or anhydrous.
- these sodium salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- potassium salts can be mentioned.
- the potassium diacetate and / or potassium acetate is a source of potassium ions, but potassium diacetate and potassium salts other than potassium acetate are also available.
- potassium ions can be replenished and the dialysate can be provided with the desired potassium ion concentration.
- the potassium salt is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate, and examples thereof include potassium chloride, potassium lactate, potassium citrate, potassium gluconate, potassium succinate, and potassium malate. .
- potassium chloride is suitably used as a potassium source because chloride ions are the most physiological substance.
- These potassium salts may be in the form of hydrates. These potassium salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- chloride salts can be mentioned.
- the chloride salt blended in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate, and examples thereof include sodium chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, and potassium chloride. .
- These chloride salts are preferably used because they have a high solubility in water and can also serve as a source of sodium, potassium, magnesium, or potassium.
- These chloride salts may be in the form of hydrates and / or dried or anhydrous.
- these chloride salts may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- Hydrochloric acid which also serves as a pH regulator, can also be used as a chloride ion source.
- each electrolyte component blended in the dialysis agent A may be in the form of a hydrate, but more effectively reduces acetic acid odor and improves storage stability of glucose and the like. From the point of view, it is preferably in the form of an anhydride.
- the electrolyte Preferable examples (other than acetic acid and acetate) include a combination of sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and potassium chloride.
- organic acid salt except alkali metal diacetate and acetate
- organic acid salts include sodium lactate, sodium gluconate, sodium citrate, sodium malate, and sodium succinate. These organic acid salts may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- each electrolyte contained in the agent A is appropriately set according to each ion concentration provided in the finally prepared dialysate. Specifically, the content of the electrolyte component contained in agent A (other than acetic acid and acetate) is determined in consideration of the type and content of acetate, the amount of sodium bicarbonate prescribed as agent B, and the like. What is necessary is just to set suitably so that the dialysate prepared to satisfy
- each ion concentration shown in the said Table 2 contains each ion derived from acetate, and the quantity of each electrolyte contained in the A agent for dialysis of this invention is supplied from the supply source of acetic acid and acetate.
- the amount of each ion to be processed is also determined in consideration.
- the amount of electrolyte (other than sodium diacetate and sodium acetate) used as the source of sodium contained in the dialysis agent A of the present invention is the case where sodium diacetate and / or sodium acetate is used as acetic acid and acetate. If present, the sodium ion concentration shown in the above Table 2 is satisfied after taking into account the amount of sodium supplied from sodium bicarbonate in the dialysis agent B and the amount of sodium supplied from sodium diacetate and / or sodium acetate. To be decided.
- dialysis agent A of the present invention when using acetic acid and sodium acetate, at least a part of which is sodium diacetate, and using sodium chloride, potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride as other electrolytes, dialysis In order to satisfy each ion concentration contained in the liquid within the range shown in Table 1, for example, 13 to 65 moles of sodium chloride, preferably 20 to 60 moles per mole of total moles of acetic acid and sodium acetate; 0.08 to 1.5 mol, preferably 0.3 to 1.25 mol; magnesium chloride 0 to 0.5 mol, preferably 0.05 to 0.38 mol; calcium chloride 0.13 to 1 A ratio satisfying .13 mol, preferably 0.25 to 0.88 mol may be set.
- the pH of the dialysate finally prepared is adjusted to have an appropriate range by setting the molar ratio of acetic acid and acetate within a predetermined range.
- a pH adjuster may be separately included.
- the pH adjuster that can be used separately for the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is acceptable as a component of the dialysate.
- citric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid examples thereof include solid acids such as glucono delta lactone, and sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium salts thereof.
- organic acids are preferably used.
- a pH regulator may be used individually by 1 type, and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention contains these pH regulators, the content thereof will be described later, A solution obtained by dissolving dialysis agent A in water, and finally What is necessary is just to set suitably so that pH of the dialysate obtained can be satisfied.
- the preparation A for dialysis of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is solid, and examples thereof include powders and granules.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention is the pH of solution A obtained by dissolving the dialysis agent A in water when the acetic acid and acetate supplied from the acetic acid and acetate source satisfy the above-mentioned ratio. Therefore, the dialysate preparation device and the dialysis device are not corroded, and safety is ensured when touching the skin of a worker in a clinical or manufacturing site or a patient at home dialysis.
- the pH of solution A obtained by dissolving the dialysis agent A of the present invention in water is 35 times the concentration of each component in the dialysis solution to be finally prepared.
- it is in the form of a concentrated aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as “35-fold concentrated agent A solution”)
- its pH is usually 3.9 to 4.6, preferably 3.9 to 4.5, more preferably The thing which becomes about 4.3 is mentioned.
- the pH of the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution is a value measured at 25 ° C.
- the dialysis agent A of the present invention satisfies the pH range described above, thereby ensuring the stability of glucose.
- Glucose is generally considered to be most stable at pH around 3 (interaction of food ingredients, publisher: Shoichi Noma, p. 5-15, editors: Mitsuo Namiki, Yukio Matsushita, 1980) (Issued on May 1), it has been confirmed that it is extremely stable in the pH range described above.
- the dialysis agent A of the invention satisfies the pH range described above, so that the odor of acetic acid can be effectively reduced.
- the acetic acid odor tends to increase.
- acetic acid and acetate are used in terms of storage stability, reduction of odor of acetic acid, and further improvement of effects such as corrosion inhibition of the dialysate preparation device and dialysis device.
- the molar ratio is 1: 0.5 to 2
- the total acetate ion in the dialysate is set to 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L
- the pH of the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution is 3.9.
- a dialysis agent A to 4.6 more preferably a molar ratio of acetic acid to acetate of 1: 0.75 to 1.5 (more preferably 1: 1 to 1.5)
- the molar ratio of acetate is 1: 1 to 1.25
- Acetate ion is set to less than 2 mEq / L or more 5 mEq / L
- pH of and 35-fold concentrated A solution can be cited dialysis agent A is about 4.3.
- the water content of the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set from the viewpoints of storage stability, reduction of acetic acid odor, and the like.
- An example of the water content of the dialysis agent A of the present invention is preferably 1.1% by weight or less, more preferably 1.0% by weight or less. When the water content is reduced to such a range, the odor of acetic acid can be more effectively reduced, and the storage stability of glucose and the like can be further improved.
- the method for producing the dialysis agent A of the present invention is not particularly limited and is appropriately set according to the preparation form. A suitable production method will be described below.
- the alkali metal diacetate used in the present invention may be one produced by a known technique, or a commercially available product may be used.
- an alkali metal diacetate As a method for producing an alkali metal diacetate, a method of reacting acetic acid with an alkali metal hydroxide, a method of reacting acetic acid with an alkali metal carbonate and / or an alkali metal bicarbonate, and the like are known.
- the manufacturing method of the alkali metal diacetate illustrated here is an illustration to the last, and the alkali metal diacetate used by this invention is not limited to what was obtained with the manufacturing method illustrated above.
- the alkali metal diacetate contained in the dialysis agent A may be used for the production of the first raw material in the first step. Further, in the dialysis agent A, when acetic acid and / or acetate other than the alkali metal diacetate is included, acetic acid and / or acetate other than the alkali metal diacetate is the total amount of these. May be used for the preparation of the first raw material in the first step, or a part of them may be used for the preparation of the first raw material in the first step, and the remainder may be mixed in the second step.
- acetic acid in a form other than alkali metal diacetate causes acetic acid odor
- the total amount of acetic acid is contained in the form of alkali metal diacetate, but acetic acid in a form other than alkali metal diacetate. Is contained, it is preferable that the said acetic acid is contained in the 1st raw material.
- the first raw material with less acetic acid odor is obtained by preparing the first raw material under conditions of 60% RH or less, preferably 50% RH or less, more preferably 40% RH or less (both at 25 ° C.). It becomes possible.
- excess water is removed by heating to 30-90 ° C during preparation of the first raw material, blowing dry air with a low absolute humidity, for example 1.5 g / m 3 or less, or reducing the pressure.
- a low absolute humidity for example 1.5 g / m 3 or less
- the effect of suppressing acetic acid odor can be further improved by temporarily storing it in an airtight container or heating it as necessary.
- the first raw material obtained in the first step is mixed with glucose and other compounding ingredients to prepare a solid dialysis agent A.
- the mixing of the first raw material obtained in the first step and the other compounding components in the second step may be simple mixing, stirring granulation, fluidized bed granulation, rolling fluidized bed granulation, although dry and wet granulation methods such as pressure granulation may be used, since the volatilization of acetic acid is increased by the presence of moisture, a method using no moisture is preferable.
- the other compounding components to be mixed may be individually mixed with the first raw material, and a composition containing a part or all of the other compounding components to be mixed is prepared in advance.
- the composition may be mixed with the first raw material.
- an electrolyte other than acetic acid and acetate and, if necessary, a composition containing acetic acid and / or acetate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a second raw material) are prepared in advance, and this is prepared as the first raw material.
- a second raw material a composition containing acetic acid and / or acetate
- the organic acid salt is preferably contained in the second raw material.
- glucose may be contained in the second raw material, and may be mixed with the first raw material and the second raw material as a third raw material separately from the first raw material and the second raw material. Furthermore, a part of glucose may be mixed in the second raw material, and the remaining part may be mixed as the third raw material. Furthermore, when acetic acid (form other than alkali metal diacetate) is mixed in the second step, acetic acid (form other than alkali metal diacetate) may be mixed in the second raw material, Separately, the first raw material and the second raw material may be mixed as a fourth raw material separately from the third raw material mixed as necessary. Also, an organic acid other than acetic acid may be contained in at least one of the second raw material, the third raw material, and the fourth raw material, and separately from these, it may be mixed as a fifth raw material. Good.
- the composition used for the second step as the second raw material may be in the form of a mixture, but considering the moisture content, it is preferably in the state of a granulated product.
- the method for producing the second raw material in a granulated state is not particularly limited. For example, when producing a granulated product (second raw material) containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride as an electrolyte. If so, add an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride to a mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride, heat and mix at 50 to 90 ° C, and then add other ingredients (organic acid salt and glucose as necessary). Etc.) and the mixture is further heated and mixed to form a granulated product.
- the granulated product instead of adding an aqueous solution of calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, powdered calcium chloride and magnesium chloride may be added, and an appropriate amount of water may be added before or after that. However, it is preferable that the granulated product is sufficiently dried regardless of the granulation operation. In addition, when using a 2nd raw material in the state of a mixture, it is preferable to use anhydrous calcium chloride or anhydrous magnesium chloride.
- the first raw material, the second raw material, the third raw material as necessary, the fourth raw material as necessary, and the fifth raw material as necessary under low humidity may be mentioned.
- a method of mixing at 60% RH or less, preferably 50% RH or less, more preferably 40% RH or less (both at 25 ° C.) may be mentioned.
- acetic acid odor can be further increased by using means for removing excess water, such as heating to 30 to 90 ° C., blowing dry air having a low absolute humidity, or reducing the pressure. The suppression effect of generation can be enhanced.
- each raw material to be mixed in the second step is previously dried at 90 to 140 ° C. and cooled with cold air having an absolute humidity of 1.5 g / m 3 or less. Is mentioned.
- the dialysis agent A thus produced is provided in a packaging container after being subjected to a drying treatment as necessary so as to have the above-described moisture content.
- a packaging container used for packaging of the dialysis agent A for example, a flexible bag or a hard bottle is used.
- the packaging container include a silica vapor deposition laminate bag, an aluminum vapor deposition laminate bag, an aluminum oxide vapor deposition laminate bag, an aluminum laminate bag, and a polyethylene hard bottle.
- a packaging bag (aluminum laminated bag or the like) using a metal foil such as an aluminum foil can reduce moisture permeability, and more effectively suppress acetic acid volatilization and environmental moisture absorption.
- the moisture permeability of these packaging containers is preferably 0.5 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 h (40 ° C., 90% RH) or less, and more preferably, from the viewpoint of more effectively reducing the odor of acetic acid. 2 g / m 2 ⁇ 24 h (40 ° C., 90% RH) or less.
- the said moisture permeability is a value measured based on the measuring method prescribed
- a desiccant may be accommodated together with the dialysis agent A in the packaging container.
- a desiccant For example, a zeolite, magnesium sulfate, sodium sulfate, a silica gel, an alumina etc. are mentioned.
- a desiccant When a desiccant is stored in a packaging container, a container in which these substances are blended with a part of plastic (for example, a polyethylene layer) constituting the container may be used, or a space in which the desiccant can be stored in the packaging container ( A separate room may be provided.
- the desiccant may be contained in a non-woven fabric or the like so as not to be mixed with the solid A agent and contained in the packaging container.
- Dialysis Agent further provides a two-agent type dialysis agent comprising the dialysis agent A and a dialysis agent B containing sodium bicarbonate.
- the dialysis agent B used in the dialysis agent of the present invention preferably does not contain an electrolyte component other than sodium bicarbonate, and preferably contains only sodium bicarbonate.
- the dialysis agent B may be either solid or liquid, but preferably is solid from the viewpoint of ease of transportation and storage.
- the content of sodium bicarbonate contained in the liquid dialysis agent B should be sufficient to satisfy the desired bicarbonate ion concentration in the finally prepared dialysis fluid.
- 4 to 8 g / 100 mL, preferably 6 to 8 g / 100 mL may be mentioned.
- the amount of the dialysis agent B used is finally determined in consideration of the ratio of acetic acid and sodium acetate in the dialysis agent A, the total amount of acetate ions, the pH of the dialysate, and the like.
- the bicarbonate ion concentration in the prepared dialysate is preferably set to be 25 to 35 mEq / L.
- the amount of B-dialysis agent used is more preferably bicarbonate ion in the dialysis solution to be finally prepared. Examples of the concentration are 27 to 33 mEq / L.
- the dialysis agent of the present invention is used for preparing a bicarbonate dialysate.
- the dialysate is prepared by mixing and diluting dialysis agent A and dialysis agent B with a predetermined amount of water (preferably purified water).
- a predetermined amount of water preferably purified water.
- the dialysis agent A is prepared by dissolving the dialysis agent A in an appropriate amount of water, if necessary, to prepare solution A (concentrated solution), You may use this for preparation of a dialysate.
- the dialysis agent B is solid, if necessary, the solid agent B is dissolved in an appropriate amount of water to prepare a solution B (concentrated liquid). It may be mixed with a predetermined amount of water.
- the pH of the dialysate prepared by the dialysis agent of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the allowable range as a dialysate, but the viewpoint of avoiding the risk of correcting excessive acidosis in dialysis patients. Therefore, it is preferably 7.2 to 7.6, more preferably 7.3 to 7.5, and particularly preferably 7.3 to 7.4.
- the supply source of acetic acid and acetate satisfies a specific composition, and the dialysate having a pH in the above range can be prepared.
- Test example 1 (1) Preparation of dialysis agent A (Example 1) First, 11.15 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated. The electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Next, 239.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 4.97 g of sodium diacetate, 2.10 g of glacial acetic acid, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 0.5.
- Example 2 First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated.
- the electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC.
- 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 3 First, 10.94 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate and 0.144 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate are heated and mixed, and 0.178 kg of water is further added. In addition, it was granulated and dried at 130 ° C. to obtain an electrolyte composition. Next, 238.2 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.5.
- Example 4 First, 10.84 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated.
- the electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC.
- 233.3 g of the electrolyte composition 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, 5.74 g of anhydrous sodium acetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 2.
- Example 5 First, 10.99 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate and 0.140 kg of sodium lactate (70%) were heated and mixed. .178 kg was added, granulated, and dried at 130 ° C. to obtain an electrolyte composition. Next, 238.3 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 6 First, 11.10 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate and 0.072 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate are heated and mixed, and 0.178 kg of water is further added. In addition, it was granulated and dried at 130 ° C. to obtain an electrolyte composition. Next, 239.9 g of the electrolyte composition, 4.97 g of sodium diacetate, 2.24 g of anhydrous citric acid, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.5.
- Table 3 shows the types and amounts of components added as acetic acid and / or acetate, and the molar ratio of acetic acid and sodium acetate for each dialysis agent A (Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Examples 1 to 6).
- dialysis agent A concentration of volatile acetic acid and water content of dialysis agent A
- concentration was measured.
- the volatile acetic acid concentration is as follows.
- Each dialysis agent A is stored in a silica-deposited laminate bag in a predetermined amount as shown in Table 4, a detector tube is set on the dialysis agent A, and a certain amount of sample gas is vented to the detector tube. The measurement was made with a detector tube type gas meter (manufacturer: GASTEC, model number: GV-100S).
- the water content was measured using a Karl Fischer moisture meter (manufacturer: Hiranuma Sangyo, model number: AVQ-6).
- each dialysis agent A obtained above is dissolved in purified water, and in the form of an aqueous solution concentrated to 35 times the concentration of each component in the finally prepared dialysis solution, a 35-fold concentrated agent A solution was prepared.
- a 35-fold concentrated agent A solution was prepared by dissolving a predetermined amount of each agent A for dialysis in purified water to 500 mL.
- the pH was measured using a pH meter (manufacturer: Horiba, model number: F-73) at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the absorbance at the absorption wavelength (wavelength 284 nm) of 5-HMF was measured using a spectrophotometer for the liquid filtered with a 0.2 ⁇ m filter.
- the pH and ionized calcium concentration of the obtained bicarbonate dialysate were measured.
- the pH is measured using a pH meter (manufacturer: Horiba, model number: F-73) at a liquid temperature of 25 ° C.
- the ionized calcium concentration is measured using a blood gas analyzer cobas b121 (manufacturer: Roche Diagnostics). Measured.
- Table 5 shows the results of measuring the volatile acetic acid concentration and water content of the dialysis agent A, and the pH and 5-HMF amount (absorbance at 284 nm) of the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution.
- Table 6 shows the total acetate ion concentration, the measurement result of pH, and the measurement result of ionized calcium concentration for each bicarbonate dialysis solution obtained.
- the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution prepared from the agent A for dialysis (comparative example 1) having an acetic acid: acetate molar ratio of 1: 0 has a low pH of around 2.6 and is strongly acidic. Sufficient safety has not been ensured, and the dialysis fluid preparation device and the dialysis device have been concerned about corrosion. Moreover, in the dialysis agent A of Comparative Example 1, the volatile acetic acid concentration exceeded 1000 ppm, which was an unacceptable level in clinical practice. Furthermore, in the 35-fold concentrated A solution prepared from the dialysis agent A of Comparative Example 1, the absorbance at 284 nm, which is the absorption wavelength of 5-HMF, is already higher than that of the other examples even after preparation.
- a 35-fold concentrated A agent prepared from a dialysis agent A (Examples 1 to 6) containing sodium diacetate and having an acetic acid: acetate molar ratio in the range of 1: 0.5 to 2
- the solution had a pH of 3.9 or more, and could be handled safely in the clinical field, and there was no concern about corrosion of the dialysate preparation device or the dialyzer.
- the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution prepared from the dialysis agent A of Examples 1 to 6 shows a lower absorbance at a wavelength of 284 nm, which is the absorption wavelength of 5-HMF after preparation, than that of Comparative Example 1. The glucose degradation was sufficiently suppressed.
- the dialysis agent A of Examples 1 to 6 had a lower volatile acetic acid concentration than Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- the absorbance at a wavelength of 284 nm and the concentration of volatile acetic acid were remarkably low.
- the bicarbonate dialysate prepared from the dialysis agent A of Examples 1 to 6 had a total acetate ion concentration of 2 mEq / L or more and less than 6 mEq / L, and maintained a pH suitable as a dialysate.
- Example 6 had a low concentration due to the chelating action of the citric acid contained therein, but in Examples 1 to 5, it could be kept sufficiently high.
- a detector tube Before storage, after 2 weeks of storage, after 1 month of storage, and after 2 months of storage, a detector tube is set in a polyethylene bag containing each dialysis agent A, and a certain amount of sample gas is detected for acetic acid measurement.
- the volatile acetic acid concentration was measured with a detector tube type gas measuring device (manufacturer: GASTEC, model number: GV-100S).
- Each preparation A after dialysis for 2 weeks, 1 month for storage, and 2 months for storage was finally prepared by dissolving each predetermined amount shown in Table 4 in purified water to 500 mL.
- a 35-fold concentrated A agent solution concentrated to 35 times the concentration of each component in the dialysate was prepared.
- the amount of 5-HMF in the obtained 35-fold concentrated agent A solution was measured by the same method as described above.
- the dialysis agent A of Comparative Example 1 before storage had high volatile acetic acid concentration and 5-HMF amount, and could not suppress acetic acid volatilization and glucose decomposition.
- Comparative Example 2 also showed a high volatile acetic acid concentration before storage, which was an unacceptable level in clinical practice.
- the dialysis agent A of Examples 2 to 6 sufficiently suppressed volatilization of acetic acid and decomposition of glucose even after 2 months of storage.
- disassembly of glucose can be suppressed much more effectively by adding a desiccant to the package which preserve
- Test example 2 (1) Preparation of dialysis agent A (Example 7) First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated. The electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Next, 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 8 First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated.
- the electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Separately, 0.105 kg of glacial acetic acid and 0.144 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate were mixed to obtain an acetic acid / sodium acetate mixture. 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 6.96 g of sodium diacetate, 2.98 g of a mixture of acetic acid / sodium acetate and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 9 First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated.
- the electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Separately, 0.105 kg of glacial acetic acid and 0.144 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate were mixed to obtain an acetic acid / sodium acetate mixture. 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 4.97 g of sodium diacetate, 4.97 g of a mixture of acetic acid / sodium acetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 10 First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated.
- the electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Separately, 0.105 kg of glacial acetic acid and 0.144 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate were mixed to obtain an acetic acid / sodium acetate mixture. 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 1.99 g of sodium diacetate, 7.96 g of an acetic acid / sodium acetate mixture and 52.5 g of glucose were stirred and mixed to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Table 11 shows the types and amounts of components added as acetic acid and / or acetate and the molar ratio of acetic acid and sodium acetate for each dialysis agent A (Examples 7 to 10).
- the volatile acetic acid concentration was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 for each dialysis agent A before storage, after 2 weeks of storage, and after 1 month and 2 months.
- a 35-fold concentrated agent A solution concentrated to 35 times the concentration of each of the above was prepared, and the pH and 5-HMF amount of the resulting 35-fold concentrated agent A solution were measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
- Test example 3 (1) Preparation of dialysis agent A (Example 11) First, 10.99 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate and 0.072 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate are heated and mixed, and 0.178 kg of water is further added. In addition, when the granulated product was dried at 130 ° C., electrolyte compositions having different moisture contents were obtained by changing the drying time. 237.8 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A.
- Example 11-1 When the moisture content of the dialysis agent A obtained by this operation was measured with a Karl Fischer moisture meter (manufacturer: Hiranuma Sangyo, model number: AVQ-6), 1.0% by weight (Example 11-1), They were 1.1% by weight (Example 11-2) and 1.3% by weight (Example 11-3).
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.25.
- Table 14 shows the obtained results. As is clear from Table 14, when the water content of the dialysis agent A is 1.1 wt% or less, the concentration of volatile acetic acid is as low as 100 ppm or less, and the effect of reducing acetic acid odor is remarkably recognized. It was.
- Test example 4 (1) Preparation of dialysis agent A (Example 12-1) First, 11.05 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, and 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate are heated and mixed, and further 0.178 kg of water is added and granulated. The electrolyte composition was obtained by drying at 0 degreeC. Next, 237.4 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 12-2 Sodium dialysis 220.90 g, potassium chloride 5.22 g, anhydrous calcium chloride 5.83 g, anhydrous magnesium chloride 1.67 g, sodium diacetate 9.95 g, and glucose 52.5 g were simply mixed to obtain a dialysis agent A.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 13-1 First, 10.94 kg of sodium chloride, 0.261 kg of potassium chloride, 0.386 kg of calcium chloride hydrate, 0.178 kg of magnesium chloride hydrate and 0.144 kg of anhydrous sodium acetate are heated and mixed, and 0.178 kg of water is further added. In addition, it was granulated and dried at 130 ° C. to obtain an electrolyte composition. Next, 238.2 g of the electrolyte composition, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose were mixed with stirring to obtain a dialysis agent A. The molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.5.
- Example 13-2 Dialysis by simply mixing 218.86 g of sodium chloride, 5.22 g of potassium chloride, 5.83 g of anhydrous calcium chloride, 1.67 g of anhydrous magnesium chloride, 2.87 g of anhydrous sodium acetate, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose A preparation A was obtained.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.5.
- Dialysis agent A by simply mixing 220.90 g of sodium chloride, 5.22 g of potassium chloride, 7.72 g of calcium chloride hydrate, 3.56 g of magnesium chloride hydrate, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose Got.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.
- Example 15 218.86 g of sodium chloride, 5.22 g of potassium chloride, 7.72 g of calcium chloride hydrate, 3.56 g of magnesium chloride hydrate, 2.87 g of anhydrous sodium acetate, 9.95 g of sodium diacetate, and 52.5 g of glucose Simple mixing was performed to obtain a dialysis agent A.
- the molar ratio of acetic acid: sodium acetate in the obtained dialysis agent A is 1: 1.5.
- a detector tube Before storage and after 2 weeks of storage, a detector tube is set in a polyethylene bag containing each dialysis agent A, and a certain amount of sample gas is passed through the detector tube for measuring acetic acid.
- the volatile acetic acid concentration was measured by (manufacturer: GASTEC, model number: GV-100S).
- each dialysis agent A after storage and 2 weeks after storage is dissolved in a predetermined amount shown in Table 15 in purified water to make 500 mL, whereby the concentration of each component in the dialysate finally prepared is adjusted.
- the 5-HMF content of the 35-fold concentrated agent A solution was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 above. Further, the pH of the 35-fold concentrated A agent solution prepared using the adjusted A agent for dialysis was measured in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
- Table 16 The results of measuring the water content of dialysis agent A are shown in Table 16.
- Table 17 shows the results of measuring the volatile acetic acid concentration of the dialysis agent A before and after storage, and the pH and 5-HMF amount of the 35-fold concentrated A agent solution prepared using the dialysis agent A before and after storage. Shown in the dialysis agent A of Examples 14 and 15 simply mixed using hydrate as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, the water content was about 1.5% by weight, whereas calcium chloride and magnesium chloride were used. In Examples 12-1 and 13-1, which were dried after mixing using hydrates as examples, and in Examples 12-2 and 13-2 using anhydrides as calcium chloride and magnesium chloride, the water content was It was reduced to less than 0.7% by weight.
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Abstract
Description
項1. 重炭酸透析液の調製に使用される固体状の透析用A剤であって、
ブドウ糖、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含み、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であり、
酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2であり、且つ
総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満である透析液の調製に使用される、透析用A剤。
項2. 二酢酸アルカリ金属塩が、二酢酸ナトリウム及び/又は二酢酸カリウムである、項1に記載の透析用A剤。
項3. 酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:1~1.5である、項1又は2に記載の透析用A剤。
項4. 総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上5mEq/L以下である透析液の調製に使用される、項1~3のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項5. 透析用A剤を、最終的に調製される透析液中の各成分濃度の35倍に濃縮した水溶液の状態にした際に、pHが3.9~4.6を示す、項1~4のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項6. 前記酢酸塩が酢酸ナトリウムである、項1~5のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項7. 更に、酢酸及び酢酸塩の供給源以外の生理的に利用可能な電解質を含む、項1~6のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項8. 前記電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、及び塩化カルシウムを含む、項7に記載の透析用A剤。
項9. 前記塩化マグネシウム及び/又は塩化カルシウムが、乾燥物又は無水物である、項8に記載の透析用A剤。
項10. 前記電解質として、更に酢酸塩以外の有機酸塩を含む、及び/又はpH調節剤として酢酸及び酢酸塩以外の有機酸塩及び/又は有機酸を含む、項7~9のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項11. 二酢酸アルカリ金属塩が、酢酸と、酢酸アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ金属塩の水酸化物、炭酸アルカリ金属塩、又は重炭酸アルカリ金属塩との反応によって得られる、項1~10のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項12. 少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩である酢酸及び酢酸塩を含む第1原料と、酢酸及び酢酸塩以外の生理的に利用可能な電解質を含む組成物からなる第2原料を含み、
透析用A剤中の酢酸及び酢酸塩の全てが前記第1原料に含まれ、又は透析用A剤中の酢酸及び酢酸塩の一部が前記第2原料にも含まれ、且つ
ブドウ糖が前記第2原料の組成物に含まれる、及び/又は第1原料と第2原料とは別にブドウ糖を含む第3原料が含まれる、
項1~11のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項13. 水分含量が1.1重量%以下である、項1~12のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項14. 水分含量が1.0重量%以下である、項1~13のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項15. 透湿度が0.5g/m2・24h以下の包装容器に収容されてなる、項1~14のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項16. 包装容器に、乾燥剤と共に収容されてなる、項1~15のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
項17. 項1~16のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤と、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含む透析用B剤を含む、2剤型透析用剤。
項18. 項1~16のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤と、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含む透析用B剤と、総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満となる量の水を混合する工程を含む、重炭酸透析液の調製方法。
項19. 総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満である重炭酸透析液の調製に使用される透析用A剤の製造ための、
ブドウ糖、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含み、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であり、且つ酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2である組成物の使用。
本発明の透析用A剤は、重炭酸透析液の調製に使用される固体状の透析用A剤であって、ブドウ糖、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含み、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であり、酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2であり、且つ総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満である透析液の調製に使用されることを特徴とする。以下、本発明の透析用A剤について詳述する。
本発明の透析用A剤は、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含有し、且つ当該酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩の形態になっている。このように、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であることによって、酢酸臭を効果的に抑制することができる。なお、二酢酸アルカリ金属塩とは、酢酸アルカリ金属塩1モルと酢酸1モルが複合化した複合体(MH(C2H3O2)2;Mはアルカリ金属原子を示す)であり、二酢酸アルカリ金属塩1モルからは、酢酸塩(酢酸アルカリ金属塩)1モルと酢酸1モルが供給されることになる。
本発明の透析用A剤には、前述する酢酸と酢酸塩の他に、患者の血糖値の維持の目的で、ブドウ糖が含まれる。本発明の透析用A剤では、前記特定の酢酸と酢酸塩を特定の比率で含むことにより、ブドウ糖の分解が抑制され、その安定性の向上が図られている。
本発明の透析用A剤には、前述する酢酸、酢酸塩、及びブドウ糖の他に、透析液に使用される生理的に利用可能な電解質が含まれていてもよい。このような電解質としては、例えば、マグネシウムイオン、カルシウムイオン、ナトリウムイオン、カリウムイオン、塩化物イオン、クエン酸イオン、乳酸イオン、グルコン酸イオン、コハク酸イオン、リンゴ酸イオン等の供給源となり得るものが挙げられる。本発明の透析用A剤に含まれる電解質(酢酸及び酢酸塩以外)として、少なくともナトリウムイオン、塩化物イオン、マグネシウムイオン及びカルシウムイオンの供給源になるものが含まれていることが好ましく、これらに加えてカリウムイオンの供給源になるものが更に含まれていることがより好ましい。
本発明の透析用A剤は、固体状である限り、その製剤形態については特に制限されないが、例えば、粉末剤、顆粒剤等が挙げられる。
本発明の透析用A剤は、酢酸及び酢酸塩の供給源から供給される酢酸及び酢酸塩が前述する比率を満たすことにより、透析用A剤を水に溶解して得られたA液のpHは4付近になるため、透析液調製装置や透析装置を腐食させることがなく、しかも臨床や製造現場における作業員や在宅透析における患者等の皮膚に触れた場合の安全性も確保されている。
本発明の透析用A剤として、保存安定性、酢酸臭の低減、透析液調製装置や透析装置の腐食抑制等の作用をより一層向上させて発揮させるという観点から、好ましくは酢酸及び酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2であり、透析液としたときの総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満に設定されており、且つ35倍濃縮A剤溶液のpHが3.9~4.6である透析用A剤;より好ましくは酢酸及び酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.75~1.5(更に好ましくは1:1~1.5)であり、透析液としたときの総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上5.5mEq/L以下に設定されており、且つ35倍濃縮A剤溶液のpHが4.1~4.4である透析用A剤;特に好ましくは酢酸及び酢酸塩のモル比が1:1~1.25であり、透析液としたときの総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上5mEq/L以下に設定されており、且つ35倍濃縮A剤溶液のpHが4.3程度である透析用A剤が挙げられる。
本発明の透析用A剤の水分含量については、特に制限されず、保存安定性、酢酸臭の低減等の観点から適宜設定すればよい。本発明の透析用A剤の水分含量の一例として、好ましくは1.1重量%以下、更に好ましくは1.0重量%以下が挙げられる。このような範囲にまで水分含量を低減させると、酢酸臭をより一層効果的に低減させ、ブドウ糖等の保存安定性をより一層向上させることが可能になる。
本発明の透析用A剤の製造方法については、特に制限されず、その製剤形態に応じて適宜設定されるが、以下に、好適な製造方法について説明する。
本発明は、更に、前記透析用A剤と、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含む透析用B剤を含む、2剤タイプの透析用剤を提供する。
(1)透析用A剤の調製
(実施例1)
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.15kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物239.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム4.97g、氷酢酸2.10g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:0.5である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.94kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び無水酢酸ナトリウム0.144kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物238.2g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1.5である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.84kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物233.3g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、無水酢酸ナトリウム5.74g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:2である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.99kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び乳酸ナトリウム(70%)0.140kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物238.3g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.10kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び無水酢酸ナトリウム0.072kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物239.9g、二酢酸ナトリウム4.97g、無水クエン酸2.24g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1.5である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.25kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物241.5g、氷酢酸4.20g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:0である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.64kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び無水酢酸ナトリウム0.574kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物240.7g、氷酢酸4.20g、無水酢酸ナトリウム5.74g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:3である。
(透析用A剤の揮発酢酸濃度及び水分含量)
上記で得られた各透析用A剤について、揮発酢酸濃度を測定した。揮発酢酸濃度は、各透析用A剤をシリカ蒸着ラミネート袋に表4に示す所定量を収容し、当該透析用A剤の上部に検知管をセットし、一定量の試料気体を検知管に通気させて検知管式気体測定器(製造元:GASTEC、型番:GV-100S)で測定した。
また、上記で得られた各透析用A剤を精製水に溶解し、最終的に調製される透析液中の各成分濃度の35倍に濃縮した水溶液の状態にして、35倍濃縮A剤溶液を調製した。具体的には、各透析用A剤を、表4に示す所定量を精製水に溶解して500mLとすることにより、35倍濃縮A剤溶液を調製した。
透析用A剤の揮発酢酸濃度及び水分含量を測定した結果、並びに35倍濃縮A剤溶液のpH及び5-HMF量(284nmの吸光度)を測定した結果を表5に示す。また、得られた各重炭酸透析液について、含有する総酢酸イオン濃度、pHの測定結果、及びイオン化カルシウム濃度の測定結果を表6に示す。
各透析用A剤(実施例1~6及び比較例1、2)について、表7に示す所定量を、ポリエチレン製の袋に収容した。更に、これを表8に示す包装袋に収容して密封し、25℃、相対湿度60%RHで2カ月間保存した。
(1)透析用A剤の調製
(実施例7)
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。また、別に氷酢酸0.105kgと無水酢酸ナトリウム0.144kgを混合し、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物を得た。前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム6.96g、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物2.98g及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。また、別に氷酢酸0.105kgと無水酢酸ナトリウム0.144kgを混合し、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物を得た。前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム4.97g、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物4.97g及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。また、別に氷酢酸0.105kgと無水酢酸ナトリウム0.144kgを混合し、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物を得た。前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム1.99g、酢酸/酢酸ナトリウム混合物7.96g及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
各透析用A剤(実施例7~10)の各々149.9gを、ポリエチレン製の袋に収容した。更に、これを表8に示すPET/AL/PE袋に収容して密封し、25℃、相対湿度60%RHで2カ月間保存した。
(1)透析用A剤の調製
(実施例11)
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.99kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び無水酢酸ナトリウム0.072kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加え造粒し、その後、この造粒物を130℃で乾燥する際に、乾燥時間を変えることにより水分量の異なる電解質組成物を得た。前記電解質組成物237.8g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを攪拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。この操作により得られた透析用A剤の水分含量をカールフィッシャー水分計(製造元:平沼産業、型番:AVQ-6)にて測定したところ、それぞれ1.0重量%(実施例11-1)、1.1重量%(実施例11-2)、1.3重量%(実施例11-3)であった。また、得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は、1:1.25である。
上記で得られた各透析用A剤について、上記試験例1と同様の方法で揮発酢酸濃度を測定した。
(1)透析用A剤の調製
(実施例12-1)
先ず、塩化ナトリウム11.05kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物237.4g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
塩化ナトリウム220.90g、塩化カリウム5.22g、無水塩化カルシウム5.83g、無水塩化マグネシウム1.67g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを単純混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
先ず、塩化ナトリウム10.94kg、塩化カリウム0.261kg、塩化カルシウム水和物0.386kg、及び塩化マグネシウム水和物0.178kg及び無水酢酸ナトリウム0.144kgを加熱混合し、さらに水0.178kgを加えて造粒し、130℃で乾燥することにより電解質組成物を得た。次いで、前記電解質組成物238.2g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを撹拌混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1.5である。
塩化ナトリウム218.86g、塩化カリウム5.22g、無水塩化カルシウム5.83g、無水塩化マグネシウム1.67g、無水酢酸ナトリウム2.87g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを単純混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1.5である。
塩化ナトリウム220.90g、塩化カリウム5.22g、塩化カルシウム水和物7.72g、塩化マグネシウム水和物3.56g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを単純混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1である。
塩化ナトリウム218.86g、塩化カリウム5.22g、塩化カルシウム水和物7.72g、塩化マグネシウム水和物3.56g、無水酢酸ナトリウム2.87g、二酢酸ナトリウム9.95g、及びブドウ糖52.5gを単純混合し透析用A剤を得た。得られた透析用A剤における酢酸:酢酸ナトリウムのモル比は1:1.5である。
(透析用A剤の水分含量)
上記で得られた各透析用A剤の水分含量について、カールフィッシャー水分計(製造元:平沼産業、型番:AVQ-6)を用いて測定した(n=2で測定して平均値を求めた)。
各透析用A剤を表15に示す所定量、ポリエチレン製の袋に収容し、さらにPET/AL/PE袋に収容して密封し、40℃、相対湿度75%RHで2週間保存した。
Claims (19)
- 重炭酸透析液の調製に使用される固体状の透析用A剤であって、
ブドウ糖、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含み、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であり、
酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2であり、且つ
総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満である透析液の調製に使用される、透析用A剤。 - 二酢酸アルカリ金属塩が、二酢酸ナトリウム及び/又は二酢酸カリウムである、請求項1に記載の透析用A剤。
- 酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:1~1.5である、請求項1又は2に記載の透析用A剤。
- 総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上5mEq/L以下である透析液の調製に使用される、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 透析用A剤を、最終的に調製される透析液中の各成分濃度の35倍に濃縮した水溶液の状態にした際に、pHが3.9~4.6を示す、請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 前記酢酸塩が酢酸ナトリウムである、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 更に、酢酸及び酢酸塩の供給源以外の生理的に利用可能な電解質を含む、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 前記電解質として、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化マグネシウム、及び塩化カルシウムを含む、請求項7に記載の透析用A剤。
- 前記塩化マグネシウム及び/又は塩化カルシウムが、乾燥物又は無水物である、請求項8に記載の透析用A剤。
- 前記電解質として、更に酢酸塩以外の有機酸塩を含む、及び/又はpH調節剤として酢酸及び酢酸塩以外の有機酸塩及び/又は有機酸を含む、請求項7~9のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 二酢酸アルカリ金属塩が、酢酸と、酢酸アルカリ金属塩、アルカリ金属塩の水酸化物、炭酸アルカリ金属塩、又は重炭酸アルカリ金属塩との反応によって得られる、請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩である酢酸及び酢酸塩を含む第1原料と、酢酸及び酢酸塩以外の生理的に利用可能な電解質を含む組成物からなる第2原料を含み、
透析用A剤中の酢酸及び酢酸塩の全てが前記第1原料に含まれ、又は透析用A剤中の酢酸及び酢酸塩の一部が前記第2原料にも含まれ、且つ
ブドウ糖が前記第2原料の組成物に含まれる、及び/又は第1原料と第2原料とは別にブドウ糖を含む第3原料が含まれる、
請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。 - 水分含量が1.1重量%以下である、請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 水分含量が1.0重量%以下である、請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 透湿度が0.5g/m2・24h以下の包装容器に収容されてなる、請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 包装容器に、乾燥剤と共に収容されてなる、請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤。
- 請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤と、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含む透析用B剤を含む、2剤型透析用剤。
- 請求項1~16のいずれかに記載の透析用A剤と、炭酸水素ナトリウムを含む透析用B剤と、総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満となる量の水を混合する工程を含む、重炭酸透析液の調製方法。
- 総酢酸イオンが2mEq/L以上6mEq/L未満である重炭酸透析液の調製に使用される透析用A剤の製造ための、
ブドウ糖、酢酸及び酢酸塩を含み、酢酸及び酢酸塩の少なくとも一部が二酢酸アルカリ金属塩であり、且つ酢酸:酢酸塩のモル比が1:0.5~2である組成物の使用。
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PH12016500572B1 (en) | 2016-06-20 |
KR102319863B1 (ko) | 2021-10-29 |
JP2015071557A (ja) | 2015-04-16 |
EP3053597A1 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
US10525078B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
EP3053597B1 (en) | 2020-11-25 |
KR20160064182A (ko) | 2016-06-07 |
JP5517321B1 (ja) | 2014-06-11 |
US20160235785A1 (en) | 2016-08-18 |
EP3053597A4 (en) | 2017-05-24 |
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