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WO2015043927A2 - Dispositif et un procédé pour détecter un objet étranger dans une zone de l'espace - Google Patents

Dispositif et un procédé pour détecter un objet étranger dans une zone de l'espace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015043927A2
WO2015043927A2 PCT/EP2014/069022 EP2014069022W WO2015043927A2 WO 2015043927 A2 WO2015043927 A2 WO 2015043927A2 EP 2014069022 W EP2014069022 W EP 2014069022W WO 2015043927 A2 WO2015043927 A2 WO 2015043927A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency
coil
capacitance value
recorded
foreign object
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/069022
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2015043927A3 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Mader
Oliver Blum
Philipp Schumann
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2015043927A2 publication Critical patent/WO2015043927A2/fr
Publication of WO2015043927A3 publication Critical patent/WO2015043927A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
    • G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
    • G01V3/101—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils by measuring the impedance of the search coil; by measuring features of a resonant circuit comprising the search coil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/124—Detection or removal of foreign bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
    • B60L53/36—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles by positioning the vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/60—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power responsive to the presence of foreign objects, e.g. detection of living beings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/147—Emission reduction of noise electro magnetic [EMI]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for detecting a foreign object in a space area.
  • it relates to a method and a device for determining a foreign object in an air gap of a transformer arrangement for inductively charging a rechargeable battery.
  • the accumulator is in particular an accumulator of an electrically driven vehicle, for example an electric vehicle.
  • Electrically powered vehicles usually have an accumulator as the main energy storage.
  • the energy required for charging the accumulator can be transmitted to the vehicle via a charging cable, by means of so-called conductive charging.
  • the energy is transmitted through a transformer with a large air gap.
  • the primary coil, or transmitting coil, of the transformer is typically either embedded in the street floor or designed as a charging plate placed on the floor and is connected to the power supply by means of suitable electronics.
  • the secondary coil, or receiving coil, of the transformer is typically fixedly mounted in the underbody of the vehicle and in turn connected by suitable electronics to the accumulator.
  • the transmitting coil generates a high-frequency alternating magnetic field, which penetrates the receiving coil and induces a corresponding current there.
  • WO 2012/004092 A2 describes an apparatus for determining a foreign object in an inductive charging environment.
  • the device has a thermally conductive layer over the charging unit. Sensors monitor the temperature of the conductive Layer and can thus determine whether a foreign object, which is in contact with the layer, heated.
  • the present invention discloses a method for determining a foreign object in a spatial area with the features of patent claim 1 and an apparatus for determining a foreign object in a spatial area with the features of patent claim 9.
  • the idea underlying the present invention is that foreign objects, which are located in a spatial area between the transmitting and receiving coil, influence the frequency-dependent properties of the transmitting coil. By measuring these influences conclusions can be drawn which allow the determination of the foreign objects. For example, the resonant characteristics of a foreign object may result in frequency-dependent coil losses. By adjusting the characteristic resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, in which the transmitting coil is integrated, the resonance properties of the foreign objects can be measured both as a function of the excitation frequency of the coil system and in response to various set resonant frequencies of the resonant circuit. So a three- or multi-dimensional map can be created.
  • measurement curve can be used to describe functions with a one-dimensional value range, but also multidimensional characteristic diagrams with multidimensional value ranges.
  • the measurement curves can be continuous curves, but some or all of the measurement curves can also be, in whole or in part, arrays of discrete measured values act.
  • characteristic frequency ranges of the excitation frequency can be selected, which are influenced as much as possible by foreign objects.
  • the adjustment of the characteristic resonant frequency may be accomplished by varying the electrical capacitance value of the capacitance element of the device. Measurements can also be made in which the compensation capacitors are decoupled for power transmission.
  • the device according to the invention can therefore be realized in a particularly cost-effective manner and the method according to the invention can be used in many different ways. The method can also be carried out outside the charging process, advantageously also continuously or regularly.
  • the first frequency-dependent parameter of the coil is a quality, an inductance or an impedance. These are easily measurable parameters of the coil, which can also enable meaningful maps.
  • at least one reference profile is a predetermined reference profile.
  • the method comprises the following further method steps: setting the capacitance element to a second electrical capacitance value, which is different from the first electrical capacitance value; Applying the AC voltage across the capacitance element having the adjusted second electrical capacitance value to the coil to generate the magnetic field in the space region; Varying the frequency of the applied AC voltage in a second predetermined frequency range; and recording a second measurement curve for the adjusted second electrical capacitance value describing the first frequency dependent parameter of the coil as a function of the frequency. In the comparison, the recorded first and second measured curves are compared with each other.
  • the method comprises recording in each case a third measurement curve for at least one set electrical capacitance value, which describes a second frequency-dependent parameter of the coil as a function of the frequency, the second parameter being different from the first parameter.
  • the second frequency-dependent parameter of the coil is a quality, an inductance or an impedance.
  • a part or all of the foreign objects continue to be characterized based on at least one of the recorded measuring curves. This can be done, for example, by comparing recorded traces with characteristic reference profiles which may be predetermined for a variety of materials in a variety of quantities and shapes.
  • the inductive charging of the battery can be continued even though foreign objects are in the space area. If at least one foreign object does not satisfy the predetermined criteria, the inductive charging of the accumulator can be interrupted, for example by issuing a warning. In this case, detailed instructions can also be issued as to what kind of foreign object is in the room area. For example, based on characterizing at least one foreign object, it may also be determined that the power transfer is performed when the battery is being charged at reduced or full power.
  • At least one third frequency range is predetermined within which some or all of the recorded measured curves are compared in order to determine a behavior of a switching network, which is essentially uninfluenced by foreign objects, comprising the coil and the capacitance element; and wherein the comparing is adjusted based on the determined behavior of the switching network.
  • changing properties of the coils or the compensation circuit for example due to aging or fluctuations of the ambient conditions, can be detected and compensated.
  • the inductance of the transmitting coil may change, for example due to a temperature dependence of ferrites.
  • control device is further designed to characterize at least a part of the foreign objects based on at least one of the recorded measurement curves.
  • an electrical capacitance value, or short capacitance value, of the capacitive element is adjustable, and the control device is furthermore designed such that the electrical capacitance value of the capacitance element can be set by means of the control device.
  • electrical properties of the device according to the invention can be further varied in order to be able to determine additional information by recording further measurement curves.
  • the coil is a transmitting coil for inductively charging an electric vehicle with a receiving coil.
  • the space area in which foreign objects are to be determined can be arranged between a transmitting coil for inductively charging an electric vehicle and a predetermined charging position of the receiving coil of the electric vehicle to be charged inductively by means of the transmitting coil.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart for explaining a method according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart for explaining a method according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are exemplary graphs of sets of traces
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for detecting a foreign object in a space area according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • 5 is a schematic view of a possible use of the device for detecting a foreign object in a space area according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart for explaining a method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first method step S01 a with a coil 10; 1 10 electrically connected capacitance element 12 set to a first capacitance value C.
  • the capacitance element 12 can be any electrical or electromechanical component whose electrical capacitance value can be set.
  • this can be a network of parallel and / or series-connected capacitors whose circuit arrangement can be varied so that different total capacitance values of the capacitance element 12 result.
  • the network can be deactivated in one method step.
  • an alternating voltage is applied to the coil 10 via the capacitance element 12 with the set first capacitance value C; 1 10 is applied, so that a magnetic field M is generated in a space region V.
  • the spatial region V is radial to a longitudinal axis of the coil 10; 1 10, wherein further in the axial direction, a large overlap between the coil and the space area V results.
  • a frequency f of the applied S02 alternating voltage is varied in a first predetermined frequency range.
  • the frequency f between a first cut-off frequency of the first frequency range and a second cut-off frequency of the first frequency range is continuous and uniform, in particular monotonically increasing or monotonically decreasing, advantageously strictly mono- sound rising or strictly monotonically decreasing, varies.
  • the frequency f may also be varied according to predetermined discrete frequency values.
  • a first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i is recorded, which contains a first frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the varied frequency f describes.
  • the first frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 may be, for example, a Q 32, an inductor 34 or an impedance. Also conceivable are other frequency-dependent parameters of the coil 10; 1 10, which are comparatively easy to measure.
  • step S05 at least the recorded first measuring curve 30-i, 31-i is compared with at least one reference profile in order to determine whether at least one foreign object F is located in the spatial region V.
  • the at least one reference profile may include at least one predetermined reference profile.
  • a predetermined reference profile may, for example, be a measurement curve recorded under ideal conditions, which comprises the first frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the varied frequency f while a foreign object F is in the space area V.
  • at least one reference profile can also be a given mathematical function, for example a constant, an overlay of groups of curves, such as Gaussian curves or the like.
  • At least one reference profile can also be a further recorded measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i, which has been recorded, for example, with a further capacitance value C or which has a second frequency-dependent parameter of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the varied frequency f describes.
  • the comparison S05 of at least the recorded first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i with at least one reference profile may include comparing absolute values of curves, for example on certain frequency subsections of the predetermined first frequency range. Derivatives of first or higher order, integral functions, maximum and / or minimum values and further mathematical properties of at least the recorded first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i and at least one reference profile can also be compared with one another. The comparison can be made according to a predetermined scheme. Alternatively, the properties of the recorded measurement curves and / or the at least one reference profile to be compared can also be adapted dynamically during the comparison, so that the determination of the foreign object F in the spatial region V can be carried out with increased accuracy.
  • the slope of the corresponding first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i before and / or after this maximum value could, for example, continue to be compared with properties of at least one reference profile.
  • At least one foreign object F is located in the space area V. Furthermore, it may also be possible to determine a property of at least one foreign object, for example a material which has the foreign object or of which it is composed.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart for explaining a method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. The second embodiment is essentially a development of the first embodiment, wherein the second embodiment further comprises the following method steps:
  • a method step S1 the capacitance element 12 is set to a second capacitance value C, which is different from the first capacitance value.
  • the alternating voltage is applied to the coil 10 via the capacitance element 12 with the set second capacitance value C; 1 10 for generating the magnetic field M in the space area V applied.
  • the frequency f of the applied S12 alternating voltage is varied in a second predetermined frequency range.
  • the second predetermined frequency range may be the same frequency range as the first predetermined frequency range.
  • the first and second predetermined frequency ranges may overlap only partially. This may be useful, for example, if characteristic properties of the measurement curves 30-i, 31 -i for different capacitance values C become particularly clear at different frequency values of the frequency f.
  • the first and the second frequency range can also be disjoint. At least one reference profile can extend in this case over the first and over the second predetermined frequency range as a definition range.
  • a second measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i for the set second capacitance value C is recorded, which contains the first frequency-dependent parameter 30-i, 31 -i, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the frequency f describes.
  • the second measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i thus describes the same parameter of the coil 10; 1 10 as the first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i, but the measurement is carried out with a different set capacitance value C of the capacitance element 12.
  • the second measurement curve 30-i, 31-i can be clearly differentiated from the first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i, even if the first frequency range should substantially coincide with the second frequency range.
  • first and second measurement curves 30-i, 31-i are compared with one another.
  • the second measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i can thus also serve as a reference profile for the first measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i, and vice versa.
  • the first and second measurement curves 30-i, 31-i can also continue to be compared with other reference profiles, for example predetermined reference profiles.
  • a third measurement curve 30-i, 31 -i is recorded for at least one set capacitance value C in each case.
  • the at least one adjusted capacitance value C can correspond to the first set capacitance value C, the second set capacitance value C and / or further capacitance values C which differ from the first and second capacitance values C.
  • Each of the recorded third measurement curves 30-i, 31 -i describes a second frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the frequency f.
  • the second frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 is different from the first frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34.
  • Comparing S05 further compares some or all of the recorded first, second and / or third traces 30-i, 31-i with each other. Furthermore, some or all of the recorded measurement curves 30-i, 31-i can also be compared with at least one predetermined reference profile. Again, this comparison may be done according to a predetermined scheme or it may be dynamically modified based on intermediate results of the comparing. Furthermore, it may be possible that the comparison S05 results in a lack of clarity, which can be resolved by recording a further measurement curve 30-i, 31-i. A such a decision may be made, for example, based on pre-programmed decision criteria in a database.
  • a predetermined series of further measurement curves 30-i, 31-i can be recorded .
  • the predetermined series of recordings of traces 30-i, 31-i may include, for example, plots 30- i, 31 -i with all the adjustable capacitance values C of capacitance element 12 and for all frequency-dependent parameters 32, 34. If the system is still unable to determine whether a foreign object F is located in the area V, even after recording the predetermined series of measurement curves, a warning signal can be output to a user. Alternatively, in such a case, by default, the presence of a foreign object F in the space area V can be deduced.
  • the second frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 may be a Q 32, an inductor 34 or an impedance, provided that the first frequency-dependent parameter 32, 34 is a correspondingly different parameter.
  • FIG. 3A shows an exemplary graph of a family of first traces 30-i, 31-i.
  • FIG. 3A shows four measuring curves 30-0, 30-1, 30-2, 30-3, which respectively show the quality 32 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a frequency-dependent parameter of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of frequency f.
  • Each of the measurement curves 30-0, 30-1, 30-2, 30-3 is recorded with a different capacitance value C of the capacitance element 12.
  • the measurement curve 30-0 became approximately at the set first capacity value
  • the measurement curve 30-1 approximately at the set second capacity value
  • the measurement curve 30-2 at a set third capacity value
  • the measurement curve 30-3 at a set fourth capacity value of the capacitive element 12, wherein the first to fourth capacitance values are different from each other.
  • the frequency range shown in FIG. 3A may extend over several tens of kilohertz.
  • the frequency range may also extend over several hundred kilohertz or over a completely different frequency range with a different magnitude.
  • the measurement curves 30-0, 30-1, 30-2, 30-3 have different maximum values and different slopes between them
  • Graphene origin and the respective maximum value. From these properties, for example, it is already possible to refer to a material property of the foreign object F in the spatial region V getting closed. As described above, a plurality of further measurement curves and / or predetermined reference profiles can be used for plausibility and / or foreign object determination.
  • Fig. 3B shows another exemplary graph of a family of traces.
  • FIG. 3B shows by way of example a family of measurement curves 31-0, 31-1, 31-2, 31-3, each measurement curve 31-0, 31-1, 31-2, 31-3 indicating the inductance 34 of the coil 10; 1 10 as a frequency-dependent parameter of the coil 10; 1 10 as a function of the frequency f describes. Furthermore, as described above with reference to FIG. 3A, each of the traces 31-0, 31-1, 31-2, 31-3 having a different set capacitance value C of the capacitance element 12 was received.
  • the measurement curves 31-0, 31-1, 31-2, 31-3 differ, for example, in their asymptotic behavior, which likewise or further may allow conclusions to be drawn about a material of the foreign object F in the spatial region V.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for detecting a foreign object in a space area according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • a control device 22 is provided in the device.
  • the frequency f of the frequency generator 18 to be generated by an alternating voltage can be varied.
  • the frequency generator 18 may be set to continuously increase or decrease the frequency between the first cutoff frequency and the second cutoff frequency of the first or second frequency range, for example, or to generate a series of AC voltages having discrete frequency values in a predetermined order in a frequency range.
  • the variable alternating voltage which was generated by the frequency generator 18, can be applied to the coil 10 via the capacitance element 12.
  • the capacitance element is formed as a series of capacitors 14-1 to 14-n connected in parallel, each of the capacitors 14-1 to 14-n being connected to the capacitance element via a correspondingly arranged switch 16-1 to 16-n 12 can be switched on or off. This results in up to 2 n different capacitance values C of the capacitance element 12, depending on the number of different capacitance values of the individual capacitors 14-1 to 14-n.
  • the switches 16-1 to 16-n are controllable by the control device 22, so that the capacitance value C of the capacitance element 12 by means of the control device 22 is adjustable.
  • the coil 10 charged with the alternating voltage generates a magnetic field M.
  • the coil is connected to power electronics 24 via a power transmission network 26. Both the power electronics 24 and the power transmission network 26 are coupled to and controllable by the controller 22.
  • a measuring device 20 is furthermore formed in the device.
  • the measuring device 20 is electrically connected to the capacitance element 12 and the frequency generator 18 and coupled to this control device 22 for control by the control device 22.
  • the measuring device 20 is designed to receive S03, S13 of measurement curves 30-i, 31 -i, as described above.
  • the control device 22 can compare the recorded measurement curves 30-i, 31-i with at least one reference profile in order to at least determine whether at least one foreign object F is located in the spatial region V.
  • the control device 22 may in particular have a database 28, which may contain, for example, predetermined reference profiles, comparison criteria, comparison, measurement and / or evaluation strategies, as well as control and / or decision instructions.
  • control device 22 is further configured to characterize at least a part of the foreign objects F based on at least one of the recorded measurement curves 30-i, 31-i.
  • the result of the determination as to whether at least one foreign object F is located in the spatial area V and optionally a result of the characterization of a part of the foreign objects F can be transmitted via a communication device (not shown).
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a possible use of the device for detecting a foreign object in a space area according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coil 1 10 of the device according to the invention is shown only schematically.
  • the coil 1 10 is arranged below a bottom B.
  • a vehicle 130 is shown.
  • the vehicle 130 is an electric vehicle 130 and has a receiving coil 120, which is suitable for inductively charging the electric vehicle 130.
  • the inductive charging of the electric vehicle 130 is meant in particular the inductive charging of a battery of the electric vehicle 130 via the receiving coil 120.
  • the coil 1 10 is a transmitting coil 1 10 for inductive charging of the electric vehicle
  • the space region V to be checked, within which foreign objects F are to be determined and / or characterized, is located between the transmitting coil 110 and a predetermined charging position of the receiving coil 120.
  • the spatial region V can be determined according to one of the inventive methods and / or by means of a the devices according to the invention are continuously checked, regardless of whether a vehicle 130 is on the ground B or not.
  • the floor B may, for example, also be a lift.
  • the inductance of the transmitting coil can be changed to different capacitance value or in addition to the capacitance value of the capacitive element 12, for example, the inductance of the transmitting coil can be changed to different capacitance value of the capacitive element 12
  • the device according to the invention can also be arranged around the receiving coil 120 as a coil 10. In this case, it can be determined on the vehicle side, for example, whether at least one foreign object is located in the area below the electric vehicle 130.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé pour détecter un objet étranger dans une zone de l'espace. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : régler (S01) un élément capacitif (12), relié électriquement à une bobine (10 ; 110), à une première valeur de capacité (C) ; appliquer (S02) une tension alternative par le biais de l'élément capacitif (12) ayant la première valeur de capacité réglée (C) à la bobine (10) afin de générer un champ magnétique (M) dans une zone (V) de l'espace ; faire varier (S03) une fréquence (f) de la tension alternative (S02) appliquée dans une première gamme de fréquences prédéterminée ; enregistrer (S04) une première courbe de mesure (30-i, 31-i) pour la valeur de capacité (C) réglée qui décrit un premier paramètre (32, 34) de la bobine (10; 110), dépendant de la fréquence, en fonction de la fréquence variable (f) ; et comparer (S05) au moins la première courbe de mesure (30-i, 31-i) enregistrée avec au moins un profil de référence pour déterminer s'il existe au moins un objet étranger (F) dans la zone (V) de l'espace.
PCT/EP2014/069022 2013-09-30 2014-09-08 Dispositif et un procédé pour détecter un objet étranger dans une zone de l'espace WO2015043927A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102013219678.4 2013-09-30
DE102013219678.4A DE102013219678A1 (de) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln eines Fremdobjekts in einem Raumbereich

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WO2015043927A2 true WO2015043927A2 (fr) 2015-04-02
WO2015043927A3 WO2015043927A3 (fr) 2015-05-21

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DE102014218758A1 (de) * 2014-09-18 2016-03-24 Continental Automotive Gmbh Drahtloses Batterieladesystem für eine Einrichtung mit aufladbarer Batterie und mit Fremdkörpererkennung
DE102015112431B4 (de) * 2015-07-29 2017-06-29 Zollner Elektronik Ag Einrichtung zum Erfassen von Objekten insbesondere für Ladesysteme
DE102016222554A1 (de) 2016-11-16 2018-05-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum induktiven Laden eines Elektrofahrzeugs und Verfahren zur Detektion von elektrisch leitfähigen Fremdkörpern in einer solchen Vorrichtung
DE102017210409A1 (de) 2017-06-21 2018-12-27 Audi Ag Komponente einer induktiven Energieübertragungsvorrichtung mit Objekterkennung sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer induktiven Energieübertragungsvorrichtung
CN109552086B (zh) * 2018-12-18 2024-03-19 深圳市信维通信股份有限公司 一种电动汽车无线充电系统及其控制方法

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WO2013005860A1 (fr) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Sony Corporation Récepteur d'énergie, procédé de détection, système de transmission de puissance, dispositif de détection et émetteur d'énergie
US20130119925A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-05-16 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Non-contact charging system
US20130293026A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-07 Sony Corporation Detection device, power reception device, power transmission device and non-contact power supply system

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US6107924A (en) * 1994-11-30 2000-08-22 Omron Corporation High frequency type sensing device
US20130119925A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2013-05-16 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Non-contact charging system
US20120001493A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-05 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Power transmission system and power transmission apparatus
WO2013005860A1 (fr) * 2011-07-05 2013-01-10 Sony Corporation Récepteur d'énergie, procédé de détection, système de transmission de puissance, dispositif de détection et émetteur d'énergie
US20130293026A1 (en) * 2012-05-07 2013-11-07 Sony Corporation Detection device, power reception device, power transmission device and non-contact power supply system

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DE102013219678A1 (de) 2015-04-02

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