WO2014192473A1 - 油圧ショベル - Google Patents
油圧ショベル Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014192473A1 WO2014192473A1 PCT/JP2014/061537 JP2014061537W WO2014192473A1 WO 2014192473 A1 WO2014192473 A1 WO 2014192473A1 JP 2014061537 W JP2014061537 W JP 2014061537W WO 2014192473 A1 WO2014192473 A1 WO 2014192473A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- boom
- pilot
- proportional solenoid
- solenoid valve
- controller
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2285—Pilot-operated systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
- E02F3/435—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/30—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom
- E02F3/32—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with a dipper-arm pivoted on a cantilever beam, i.e. boom working downwardly and towards the machine, e.g. with backhoes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/425—Drive systems for dipper-arms, backhoes or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
- E02F3/36—Component parts
- E02F3/42—Drives for dippers, buckets, dipper-arms or bucket-arms
- E02F3/43—Control of dipper or bucket position; Control of sequence of drive operations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2221—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements
- E02F9/2225—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using pressure-compensating valves
- E02F9/2228—Control of flow rate; Load sensing arrangements using pressure-compensating valves including an electronic controller
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/20—Drives; Control devices
- E02F9/22—Hydraulic or pneumatic drives
- E02F9/2278—Hydraulic circuits
- E02F9/2292—Systems with two or more pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/32—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation
- F15B2211/329—Directional control characterised by the type of actuation actuated by fluid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/355—Pilot pressure control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/30—Directional control
- F15B2211/36—Pilot pressure sensing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6306—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure
- F15B2211/6316—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a pressure the pressure being a pilot pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/63—Electronic controllers
- F15B2211/6303—Electronic controllers using input signals
- F15B2211/6346—Electronic controllers using input signals representing a state of input means, e.g. joystick position
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/635—Circuits providing pilot pressure to pilot pressure-controlled fluid circuit elements
- F15B2211/6355—Circuits providing pilot pressure to pilot pressure-controlled fluid circuit elements having valve means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/665—Methods of control using electronic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
- F15B2211/67—Methods for controlling pilot pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
- F15B2211/80—Other types of control related to particular problems or conditions
- F15B2211/86—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions
- F15B2211/8613—Control during or prevention of abnormal conditions the abnormal condition being oscillations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/8593—Systems
- Y10T137/87056—With selective motion for plural valve actuator
- Y10T137/87064—Oppositely movable cam surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydraulic excavator.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an electromagnetic switching in which a pipe line connected to a boom lowering pilot port of a boom pilot switching valve has an oil passage position with a throttle portion. A configuration in which a valve is provided is disclosed. Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which a pressure sensor is provided on the boom lowering pilot port side and a pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor is input to a controller.
- a construction method in which a work vehicle detects the position of a work machine after acquiring design surface information from the outside, and automatically controls the work machine based on the detected position of the work machine.
- the boom lowering is executed at the moment when the body shakes after the automatic stop of the work machine and the cutting edge moves away from the design surface. As a result, the cutting edge may erode the design surface.
- This invention is made in view of said subject, The objective is to provide the technique which can suppress the erosion of the design surface by a working machine.
- a hydraulic excavator includes a boom, a boom pilot switching valve, a boom lowering pilot line, a boom lowering proportional solenoid valve, an operation lever, a first pressure sensor, and a controller.
- the boom pilot switching valve has a boom lowering pilot port and controls the operation of the boom.
- the boom lowering pilot line is connected to the boom lowering pilot port.
- the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve is provided in the boom lowering pilot line.
- the operation lever is for an operator to operate.
- the first pressure sensor detects the pressure generated in the boom lowering pilot line between the operation lever and the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve.
- the controller controls the opening degree of the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve based on the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor.
- the controller gradually increases the current value output to the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve from zero.
- the boom lowering is performed again when the cutting edge is temporarily separated from the design surface due to the shaking of the vehicle body. Execution can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the design surface is eroded because the cutting edge is positioned below the design surface after the shaking of the vehicle body has converged.
- the controller when the controller outputs a command signal instructing an increase in opening to the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve, the amount of increase in current per unit time is the same as that for the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve. Smaller than the amount of current decrease per unit time when the command signal for instructing the opening reduction is output. In this way, the boom lowering operation when the boom lowering operation is no longer necessary can be quickly stopped.
- the boom pilot switching valve further has a boom raising pilot port.
- the hydraulic excavator further includes a boom raising pilot line, a boom raising proportional solenoid valve, and a second pressure sensor.
- the boom raising pilot pipe is connected to the boom raising pilot port.
- the boom raising proportional solenoid valve is provided in the boom raising pilot line.
- the second pressure sensor detects the pressure generated in the boom raising pilot line between the operation lever and the boom raising proportional solenoid valve.
- the controller controls the opening degree of the boom raising proportional solenoid valve based on the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor. When the controller outputs a command signal to instruct the boom lowering proportional solenoid valve to increase the opening, the controller increases the opening to the boom raising proportional solenoid valve. Smaller than the amount of increase in current per unit time when the command signal is output. If it does in this way, the response speed of boom lowering operation can be reduced, maintaining the response speed of boom raising operation.
- the hydraulic excavator further includes a bucket having a cutting edge.
- the controller controls the boom so that the position of the blade edge does not fall below the construction design data. In this way, since the leveling work can be performed in accordance with the construction design data, the quality and efficiency of the leveling work using the hydraulic excavator can be improved.
- the controller transmits / receives information to / from the outside via satellite communication. If it does in this way, the information construction based on the information transmitted / received between the exterior will be attained, and the highly efficient and highly accurate leveling work using a hydraulic excavator will be realizable.
- the blade edge of the bucket when the blade edge of the bucket is aligned with the design surface, the blade edge is temporarily separated above the design surface even if the vehicle body shakes after the automatic stop of the work machine. It is possible to prevent the boom from being lowered again. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a problem that the design surface is eroded because the cutting edge is positioned below the design surface after the shaking of the vehicle body has converged.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a configuration of a hydraulic excavator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the hydraulic excavator 1 mainly includes a lower traveling body 2, an upper swing body 3, and a work implement 5.
- the lower traveling body 2 and the upper turning body 3 constitute a work vehicle main body.
- the lower traveling body 2 has a pair of left and right crawler belts.
- the excavator 1 is configured to be capable of self-propelling by rotating a pair of crawler belts.
- the upper swing body 3 is installed so as to be rotatable with respect to the lower traveling body 2.
- the upper swing body 3 includes a cab 4 that is a space for an operator to operate the excavator 1.
- the cab 4 is included in the work vehicle main body.
- the upper swing body 3 includes, on the rear side B, an engine room that houses the engine and a counterweight.
- the front side (front side) of the operator is referred to as the front side F of the upper swing body 3, and the opposite side, that is, the rear side of the operator is the upper side.
- the left side of the operator in the seated state is referred to as the left side L of the upper swing body 3, and the right side of the operator in the seated state is referred to as the right side R of the upper swing body 3.
- the front / rear / left / right of the upper swing body 3 and the front / rear / left / right of the excavator 1 coincide.
- the work machine 5 for performing work such as earth and sand excavation is pivotally supported by the upper swing body 3 so as to be operable in the vertical direction.
- the work machine 5 includes a boom 6 that is operatively attached in the vertical direction to a substantially central portion of the front side F of the upper swing body 3, and an arm 7 that is operatively attached in the front-rear direction to the tip of the boom 6.
- a bucket 8 is attached to the front end of the arm 7 so as to be operable in the front-rear direction.
- the bucket 8 has a cutting edge 8a at its tip.
- the boom 6, the arm 7 and the bucket 8 are configured to be driven by a boom cylinder 9, an arm cylinder 10 and a bucket cylinder 11 which are hydraulic cylinders, respectively.
- the cab 4 is arranged on the left side L on the front side F of the upper swing body 3.
- the work machine 5 is provided on the right side R which is one side of the cab 4 with respect to the cab 4.
- the arrangement of the cab 4 and the work implement 5 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1. For example, even if the work implement 5 is provided on the left side of the cab 4 arranged on the right front side of the upper swing body 3. Good.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the inside of the cab 4 of the excavator 1.
- a driver's seat 24 in which an operator sits facing the front side F is disposed inside the cab 4.
- the cab 4 includes a roof portion disposed so as to cover the driver's seat 24 and a plurality of pillars that support the roof portion.
- the plurality of pillars include a front pillar disposed on the front side F with respect to the driver seat 24, a rear pillar disposed on the rear side B with respect to the driver seat 24, and an intermediate pillar disposed between the front pillar and the rear pillar. have.
- Each pillar extends along a vertical direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and is connected to the floor portion and the roof portion of the cab 4.
- the space surrounded by each pillar and the floor portion and the roof portion of the cab 4 forms an indoor space of the cab 4.
- the driver's seat 24 is accommodated in the indoor space of the cab 4, and is disposed at the substantially central portion of the floor portion of the cab 4.
- a front window is arranged on the front side F with respect to the driver seat 24.
- the front window is formed of a transparent material, and an operator sitting on the driver's seat 24 can visually recognize the outside of the cab 4 through the front window. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the operator seated in the driver's seat 24 can directly see the bucket 8 for excavating earth and sand through the front window.
- a monitor device 26 is installed on the front side F inside the cab 4.
- the monitor device 26 is disposed at the corner on the right front side in the cab 4 and is supported by a support base that extends from the floor of the cab 4.
- the monitor device 26 is disposed on the driver seat 24 side with respect to the front pillar.
- the monitor device 26 is disposed on the front side of the front pillar as viewed from the operator seated in the driver's seat 24.
- the monitor device 26 Since the monitor device 26 is used for multiple purposes, a flat display surface 26d having various monitor functions, a switch unit 27 having a plurality of switches assigned with multiple functions, and contents displayed on the display surface 26d. And a sound generator 28 for expressing the sound as a sound.
- the display surface 26d is constituted by a graphic display such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display.
- the switch unit 27 includes a plurality of key switches, but is not limited thereto, and may be a touch panel type touch switch.
- traveling operation levers 22a and 22b for the left and right crawler belts.
- the left and right traveling operation levers 22 a and 22 b constitute a traveling operation unit 22 for operating the lower traveling body 2.
- a first operation lever 44 is provided for an operator on the cab 4 to operate the drive of the boom 6 and the bucket 8 in the work machine 5.
- a switch panel 29 on which various switches are mounted is also provided on the right side R of the driver seat 24.
- a second operation lever 45 is provided for the operator to drive the arm 7 of the work machine 5 and to turn the upper swing body 3.
- the monitor 21 is disposed above the monitor device 26.
- the monitor 21 has a flat display surface 21d. Comparing the display surface 26d of the monitor device 26 shown in FIG. 2 with the display surface 21d of the monitor 21, the display surface 21d is provided larger than the display surface 26d.
- the monitor device 26 may have a 7-inch display surface 26d, and the monitor 21 may have a 12-inch display surface 21d.
- the monitor 21 is attached to the right-side R front pillar on the side close to the work machine 5 of the pair of front pillars.
- the monitor 21 is disposed in front of the front pillar in the line of sight of the operator sitting in the driver's seat 24 toward the right front.
- the operator can move both the work machine 5 and the monitor 21 with a small amount of line-of-sight movement. Can see.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a configuration for transmitting and receiving information to and from the excavator 1.
- the excavator 1 includes a controller 20.
- the controller 20 has a function of controlling the operation of the work machine 5, the turning of the upper turning body 3, the driving of the lower running body 2, and the like.
- the controller 20 and the monitor 21 are connected via a bidirectional network communication cable 23 to form a communication network in the excavator 1.
- the monitor 21 and the controller 20 can exchange information with each other via the network communication cable 23.
- Each of the monitor 21 and the controller 20 is mainly composed of a computer device such as a microcomputer.
- Information can be transmitted and received between the controller 20 and the external monitoring station 96.
- the controller 20 and the monitoring station 96 communicate via satellite communication.
- a communication terminal 91 having a satellite communication antenna 92 is connected to the controller 20.
- the satellite communication antenna 92 is mounted on the upper swing body 3.
- a network control station 95 connected to a communication earth station 94 communicating with the communication satellite 93 via a dedicated communication line is connected to the ground monitoring station 96 via the Internet or the like.
- Construction design data created by three-dimensional CAD Computer Aided Design
- the monitor 21 updates and displays the current position of the hydraulic excavator 1 received from the outside in real time on the screen so that the operator can always check the working state of the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the controller 20 controls the work machine 5 by comparing the construction design data with the position and posture of the work machine 5 in real time and driving the hydraulic circuit based on the comparison result. More specifically, the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 is designed so that the position (design surface) to be constructed according to the construction design data and the position of the bucket 8 are compared and the design surface is not dug. It is controlled so that it is not located lower than. Thereby, construction efficiency and construction accuracy can be improved, and high-quality construction can be easily performed.
- FIG. 4 is a hydraulic circuit diagram applied to the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the first hydraulic pump 31 and the second hydraulic pump 32 are driven by the engine 33.
- the first hydraulic pump 31 and the second hydraulic pump 32 serve as driving sources for driving hydraulic actuators such as the boom cylinder 9, the arm cylinder 10, the bucket cylinder 11, and the traveling motors 16 and 17.
- the hydraulic oil discharged from the first hydraulic pump 31 and the second hydraulic pump 32 is supplied to the hydraulic actuator via the main operation valve 34.
- the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic actuator is discharged to the tank 35 via the main operation valve 34.
- the main operation valve 34 has an arm pilot switching valve 36, a boom pilot switching valve 37, a left traveling pilot switching valve 38, a right traveling pilot switching valve 39, and a bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the arm pilot switching valve 36 controls supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the arm cylinder 10.
- the boom pilot switching valve 37 controls supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to the boom cylinder 9.
- the left travel pilot switching valve 38 controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the left travel motor 17.
- the right travel pilot switching valve 39 controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the right travel motor 16.
- the bucket pilot switching valve 40 controls supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to the bucket cylinder 11.
- the arm pilot switching valve 36, the boom pilot switching valve 37, the left traveling pilot switching valve 38, the right traveling pilot switching valve 39, and the bucket pilot switching valve 40 each have a pair of pilot ports p1 and p2. ing.
- Each pilot switching valve 36 to 40 is controlled in accordance with the pressure (pilot pressure) of oil supplied to each pilot port p1, p2.
- the pilot pressure applied to the pilot ports p1 and p2 of the arm pilot switching valve 36, the boom pilot switching valve 37, and the bucket pilot switching valve 40 is determined by the first operating lever device 41 and the second operating lever device 42. It is controlled by being manipulated.
- the pilot pressure applied to the left traveling pilot switching valve 38 and the right traveling pilot switching valve 39 is controlled by operating the left and right traveling operation levers 22a and 22b shown in FIG.
- the operator controls the operation of the work implement 5 and the turning operation of the upper turning body 3 by operating the first operation lever device 41 and the second operation lever device 42.
- the operator controls the traveling operation of the lower traveling body 2 by operating the left and right traveling operation levers 22a and 22b.
- the first operating lever device 41 includes a first operating lever 44 operated by an operator, a first pilot pressure control valve 41A, a second pilot pressure control valve 41B, a third pilot pressure control valve 41C, and a fourth pilot pressure control. And a valve 41D.
- a first pilot pressure control valve 41A, a second pilot pressure control valve 41B, a third pilot pressure control valve 41C, and a fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D are provided corresponding to the four directions of front, rear, left and right of the first operation lever 44. ing.
- the second operating lever device 42 includes a second operating lever 45 operated by an operator, a fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A, a sixth pilot pressure control valve 42B, a seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C, and an eighth pilot pressure control. And a valve 42D.
- a fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A, a sixth pilot pressure control valve 42B, a seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C, and an eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D are provided corresponding to the four directions of front, rear, left and right of the second operation lever 45. ing.
- the first operation lever 44 and the second operation lever 45 are provided with respective pilot pressure control valves 41A to 41D and 42A to operate the hydraulic cylinders 9, 10, and 11 for the work machine 5 and the drive of the swing motor. 42D is connected. Respective pilot pressure control valves for operating the left and right traveling motors 16 and 17 are connected to the left and right traveling operation levers 22a and 22b.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A has a first pump port X1, a first tank port Y1, and a first supply / discharge port Z1.
- the first pump port X ⁇ b> 1 is connected to the pump flow path 51.
- the first tank port Y1 is connected to the tank flow path 52.
- the pump flow path 51 and the tank flow path 52 are connected to a tank 35 that stores hydraulic oil.
- a third hydraulic pump 50 is provided in the pump flow path 51.
- the third hydraulic pump 50 is a separate pump from the first hydraulic pump 31 and the second hydraulic pump 32 described above. However, the first hydraulic pump 31 or the second hydraulic pump 32 may be used instead of the third hydraulic pump 50.
- the first supply / discharge port Z ⁇ b> 1 is connected to the first pilot pipeline 53.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A is switched between an output state and a discharge state in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A allows the first pump port X1 and the first supply / discharge port Z1 to communicate with each other, and hydraulic oil having a pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the first operation lever 44 is supplied to the first supply / discharge port.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A communicates the first tank port Y1 and the first supply / discharge port Z1 in the discharge state.
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B has a second pump port X2, a second tank port Y2, and a second supply / discharge port Z2.
- the second pump port X ⁇ b> 2 is connected to the pump flow path 51.
- the second tank port Y2 is connected to the tank flow path 52.
- the second supply / discharge port Z ⁇ b> 2 is connected to the second pilot pipeline 54.
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B is switched between the output state and the discharge state according to the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B allows the second pump port X2 and the second supply / discharge port Z2 to communicate with each other so that hydraulic oil having a pressure corresponding to the operation amount of the first operation lever 44 is supplied to the second supply / discharge port.
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B allows the second tank port Y2 and the second supply / discharge port Z2 to communicate with each other in the discharge state.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the second pilot pressure control valve 41B are paired and correspond to the operation directions of the first operation lever 44 opposite to each other.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A corresponds to the forward operation of the first operation lever 44
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B corresponds to the backward operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> A and the second pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> B are alternatively selected by the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A controls supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the second pilot port p2 of the boom pilot switching valve 37.
- the second pilot pressure control valve 41B controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the first pilot port p1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37.
- the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the boom cylinder 9 are controlled, and the expansion and contraction of the boom cylinder 9 are controlled. Accordingly, the operation of the boom 6 in the raising direction or the lowering direction is controlled according to the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the first pilot port p1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 has a function as a boom raising pilot port to which hydraulic oil is supplied during the operation of raising the boom 6.
- the second pilot port p ⁇ b> 2 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 has a function as a boom lowering pilot port to which hydraulic oil is supplied during the operation of lowering the boom 6.
- the pilot pressure supplied to the first pilot line 53 via the first pilot pressure control valve 41A is detected by the hydraulic sensor 63.
- the hydraulic sensor 63 outputs a pressure signal P3, which is an electrical detection signal corresponding to the detected pilot pressure, to the controller 20.
- the pilot pressure supplied to the second pilot pipe line 54 via the second pilot pressure control valve 41B is detected by the hydraulic pressure sensor 64.
- the hydraulic sensor 64 outputs to the controller 20 a pressure signal P4 that is an electrical detection signal corresponding to the detected pilot pressure.
- a relay block 70 is provided in the hydraulic path connecting the first operation lever device 41 and the second operation lever device 42 and the main operation valve 34.
- the relay block 70 includes a plurality of proportional solenoid valves 73 to 79.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 is provided in the first pilot pipeline 53.
- the hydraulic sensor 63 is provided between the first pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> A and the proportional electromagnetic valve 73 in the first pilot pipeline 53.
- the proportional solenoid valve 74 is provided in the second pilot pipeline 54.
- the hydraulic sensor 64 is provided between the second pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> B and the proportional solenoid valve 74 in the second pilot pipeline 54.
- the proportional solenoid valves 73 and 74 are provided to control the vertical movement of the boom 6 in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the controller 20 controls the proportional solenoid valve 73 based on the pilot pressure in the first pilot pipe line 53 detected by the hydraulic sensor 63.
- the oil pressure sensor 63 functions as a first pressure sensor that detects the oil pressure generated in the first pilot pipe line 53 between the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the proportional solenoid valve 73 in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44. have.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G3 to the proportional solenoid valve 73 in accordance with the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic sensor 63 and adjusts the opening thereof, thereby changing the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the first pilot line 53.
- the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 is controlled.
- the controller 20 controls the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 73 based on the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic pressure sensor 63 and outputs a command signal for instructing the proportional solenoid valve 73 to lower the boom.
- the speed of the boom 6 when the boom 6 is lowered is adjusted according to the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2.
- the controller 20 controls the proportional solenoid valve 74 based on the pilot pressure in the second pilot pipeline 54 detected by the hydraulic sensor 64.
- the oil pressure sensor 64 functions as a second pressure sensor that detects the oil pressure generated in the second pilot pipe line 54 between the second pilot pressure control valve 41B and the proportional solenoid valve 74 in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44. have.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G4 to the proportional solenoid valve 74 in accordance with the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic sensor 64 and adjusts the opening thereof, thereby changing the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the second pilot line 54.
- the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 is controlled.
- the controller 20 controls the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 74 based on the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic sensor 64 and outputs a command signal for instructing the proportional solenoid valve 74 to raise the boom.
- the speed of the boom 6 when the boom 6 is raised is adjusted according to the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1.
- a shuttle valve 80 is provided in the second pilot pipeline 54.
- the shuttle valve 80 has two inlet ports and one outlet port.
- the outlet port of the shuttle valve 80 is connected to the first pilot port p ⁇ b> 1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 via the second pilot pipeline 54.
- One of the inlet ports of the shuttle valve 80 is connected to the second pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> B via the second pilot pipeline 54.
- the other inlet port of the shuttle valve 80 is connected to the pump flow path 55.
- the pump flow path 55 is branched from the pump flow path 51.
- One end of the pump channel 55 is connected to the pump channel 51, and the other end of the pump channel 55 is connected to the shuttle valve 80.
- the hydraulic fluid transferred by the third hydraulic pump 50 flows to the first operation lever device 41 and the second operation lever device 42 via the pump flow path 51, and also shuttles via the pump flow paths 51 and 55. Flows to valve 80.
- the shuttle valve 80 is a high pressure priority type shuttle valve.
- the shuttle valve 80 compares the hydraulic pressure in the second pilot pipe line 54 connected to one of the inlet ports with the hydraulic pressure in the pump flow path 55 connected to the other of the inlet ports, and selects the pressure on the high pressure side. To do.
- the shuttle valve 80 communicates the hydraulic fluid flowing in the high pressure side flow path of the boom pilot switching valve 37 by connecting the high pressure side flow path of the second pilot pipe line 54 and the pump flow path 55 to the outlet port. Supply to the first pilot port p1.
- the pump channel 55 is provided with a proportional solenoid valve 75 included in the relay block 70.
- the proportional solenoid valve 75 is a boom raising forced intervention valve.
- the proportional solenoid valve 75 receives the command signal G5 output from the controller 20 and adjusts the opening thereof. Regardless of the operation of the first operating lever device 41 by the operator, the controller 20 outputs the command signal G5 of the proportional solenoid valve 75 and adjusts the opening thereof, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing through the pump flow path 55.
- the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 is controlled.
- the controller 20 controls the forcible raising operation of the boom 6 by adjusting the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 75.
- the third pilot pressure control valve 41C and the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D have the same configuration as the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the second pilot pressure control valve 41B described above.
- the third pilot pressure control valve 41C and the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D are paired in the same manner as the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the second pilot pressure control valve 41B, and are operated by operating the first operation lever 44.
- the third pilot pressure control valve 41C corresponds to the left operation of the first operation lever 44
- the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D corresponds to the right operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the third pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> C is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the third pilot pipe line 56.
- the third pilot pressure control valve 41C controls supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to and from the second pilot port p2 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the fourth pilot pipe line 57.
- the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the first pilot port p1 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the bucket cylinder 11 are controlled, and the expansion and contraction of the bucket cylinder 11 are controlled.
- release direction of the bucket 8 is controlled.
- the hydraulic oil pressure (pilot pressure) supplied to the third pilot line 56 via the third pilot pressure control valve 41C is detected by the hydraulic sensor 66.
- the hydraulic sensor 66 outputs a pressure signal P6 corresponding to the detected pilot pressure of the hydraulic oil to the controller 20.
- the proportional solenoid valve 76 is provided in the third pilot pipe line 56 that connects the third pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> C and the second pilot port p ⁇ b> 2 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G6 to the proportional solenoid valve 76 in accordance with the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic pressure sensor 66, and controls the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the speed of the bucket 8 when moving the bucket 8 in the excavation direction is adjusted according to the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2.
- the pressure (pilot pressure) of the hydraulic fluid supplied to the fourth pilot pipe line 57 via the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D is detected by the hydraulic sensor 67.
- the hydraulic sensor 67 outputs a pressure signal P 7 corresponding to the detected pilot pressure of the hydraulic oil to the controller 20.
- the proportional solenoid valve 77 is provided in a fourth pilot line 57 that connects the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D and the first pilot port p1 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G7 to the proportional solenoid valve 77 in accordance with the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor 67, and controls the oil pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1 of the bucket pilot switching valve 40.
- the speed of the bucket 8 when moving the bucket 8 in the opening direction is adjusted according to the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1.
- the fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A, the sixth pilot pressure control valve 42B, the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C, and the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D are the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the second pilot pressure control valve described above. 41B, the third pilot pressure control valve 41C, and the fourth pilot pressure control valve 41D have the same configuration.
- the fifth pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> A and the sixth pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> B are paired and are alternatively selected by the operation of the second operation lever 45.
- the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> C and the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> D are paired and are alternatively selected by the operation of the second operation lever 45.
- the fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A corresponds to the forward operation of the second operation lever 45
- the sixth pilot pressure control valve 42B corresponds to the backward operation of the second operation lever 45
- the seventh The pilot pressure control valve 42C corresponds to the operation of the second operation lever 45 in the left direction
- the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D corresponds to the operation of the second operation lever 45 in the right direction.
- the fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the fifth pilot pipeline 60.
- the sixth pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> B is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the sixth pilot pipe line 61.
- the electric motor (not shown) for turning the upper swing body 3 is supplied with the hydraulic oil pressure supplied to the fifth pilot pipe line 60 via the fifth pilot pressure control valve 42A and the sixth pilot pressure control valve 42B. Control is performed based on the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the sixth pilot pipeline 61.
- the electric motor is driven to rotate in the opposite direction when hydraulic oil is supplied to the fifth pilot pipeline 60 and when hydraulic fluid is supplied to the sixth pilot pipeline 61.
- the turning direction and turning speed of the upper swing body 3 are controlled according to the operation direction and operation amount of the second operation lever 45.
- the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the seventh pilot pipe line 58.
- the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the first pilot port p1 of the arm pilot switching valve 36.
- the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D is connected to the pump flow path 51, the tank flow path 52, and the eighth pilot pipe line 59.
- the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D controls the supply and discharge of hydraulic fluid to the second pilot port p2 of the arm pilot switching valve 36.
- the supply and discharge of hydraulic oil to and from the arm cylinder 10 are controlled, and the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 10 are controlled. Thereby, the operation of the arm 7 rotating relative to the boom 6 is controlled according to the operation of the second operation lever 45.
- the hydraulic oil pressure (pilot pressure) supplied to the seventh pilot pipeline 58 via the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42C is detected by the hydraulic sensor 68.
- the hydraulic sensor 68 outputs a pressure signal P8 corresponding to the detected pilot pressure of the hydraulic oil to the controller 20.
- the proportional solenoid valve 78 is provided in a seventh pilot line 58 that connects the seventh pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> C and the first pilot port p ⁇ b> 1 of the arm pilot switching valve 36.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G8 to the proportional solenoid valve 78 in accordance with the oil pressure detected by the oil pressure sensor 68, and controls the oil pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1 of the arm pilot switching valve 36. According to the magnitude of the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the first pilot port p1, the speed of the arm 7 when the arm 7 is extended, that is, when the arm 7 is moved away from the upper swing body 3, is adjusted.
- the hydraulic oil pressure (pilot pressure) supplied to the eighth pilot pipe 59 via the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42D is detected by the hydraulic sensor 69.
- the hydraulic sensor 69 outputs a pressure signal P9 corresponding to the detected pilot pressure of the hydraulic oil to the controller 20.
- the proportional solenoid valve 79 is provided in an eighth pilot line 59 that connects the eighth pilot pressure control valve 42 ⁇ / b> D and the second pilot port p ⁇ b> 2 of the arm pilot switching valve 36.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G9 to the proportional solenoid valve 79 in accordance with the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic pressure sensor 69, and controls the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2 of the arm pilot switching valve 36.
- the speed of the arm 7 when the arm 7 is moved in the bending direction that is, the direction in which the arm 7 approaches the upper swing body 3 is adjusted according to the hydraulic pressure transmitted to the second pilot port p2.
- the correspondence relationship between the operation direction of the first operation lever 44 and the second operation lever 45 and the operation of the work implement 5 and the swing operation of the upper swing body 3 may be set to a desired pattern.
- the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the second pilot pressure control valve 41B may correspond to the operation of the first operation lever 44 in the front-rear direction, and correspond to the operation in the left-right direction, respectively. May be.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the work preparation 5 before positioning in the leveling work using the hydraulic excavator 1.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram after alignment of the work machine 5 in leveling work using the hydraulic excavator 1.
- the design surface S shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 indicates the target terrain according to the construction design data stored in advance in the controller 20 (FIG. 4).
- the controller 20 controls the work machine 5 based on the construction design data and the current position information of the work machine 5.
- the operation of the work machine 5 is performed at a position where the blade edge 8a contacts the design surface S.
- Control to automatically stop is performed.
- the controller 20 executes stop control to automatically stop the boom 6 so that the blade edge 8a of the bucket 8 does not fall below the design surface S when the blade edge 8a of the bucket 8 is likely to move below the design surface S. To do.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G3 for decreasing the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 73.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 that has been in the open state is fully closed. In this manner, as shown in FIG. 6, the blade 8 of the bucket 8 is aligned with the design surface S.
- the first pilot pipeline 53 has a function as a boom lowering pilot pipeline connected to the second pilot port p2 of the boom pilot switching valve 37.
- the second pilot line 54 and the pump flow path 55 have a function as a boom raising pilot line connected to the first pilot port p1 of the boom pilot switching valve 37 via the shuttle valve 80.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 provided in the first pilot pipeline 53 has a function as a boom lowering proportional solenoid valve.
- the proportional solenoid valve 74 provided in the second pilot pipeline 54 has a function as a boom raising proportional solenoid valve.
- the proportional solenoid valve 75 provided in the pump flow path 55 has a function as a boom raising proportional solenoid valve.
- the second pilot pipeline 54 and the pump channel 55 both have a function as a boom raising pilot pipeline. More specifically, the second pilot pipeline 54 functions as a boom normal raising pilot pipeline, and the pump flow channel 55 functions as a boom forced raising pilot pipeline.
- the proportional solenoid valve 74 can be expressed as a boom normal raising proportional solenoid valve, and the proportional solenoid valve 75 can be expressed as a boom forced raising proportional solenoid valve.
- the hydraulic pressure sensor 63 detects the hydraulic pressure generated in the first pilot line 53 between the first pilot pressure control valve 41A and the proportional electromagnetic valve 73 in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G3 to the proportional electromagnetic valve 73 based on the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic sensor 63, and controls the opening degree of the proportional electromagnetic valve 73.
- the oil pressure sensor 64 detects the oil pressure generated in the second pilot pipe line 54 between the second pilot pressure control valve 41 ⁇ / b> B and the proportional solenoid valve 74 in accordance with the operation of the first operation lever 44.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G4 to the proportional solenoid valve 74 based on the hydraulic pressure detected by the hydraulic sensor 64, and controls the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 74.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal G5 to the proportional solenoid valve 75 to control the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 75.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a change in current when a boom lowering command is issued in the hydraulic excavator 1 before application of the present invention. Both horizontal axes of the two graphs in FIG. 7 indicate time.
- the vertical axis of the lower graph in FIG. 7 indicates a current output to the proportional solenoid valve 73 when the controller 20 transmits the command signal G3, and this is referred to as a boom lowering EPC current.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 is a valve with a specification that the opening degree is zero (fully closed) when the current value is zero, and the opening degree is continuously increased in response to an increase in the current value.
- the vertical axis of the upper graph in FIG. 7 indicates the distance between the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 and the design surface S.
- the distance between the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 and the design surface S decreases as time elapses from time zero by the operator's boom lowering operation.
- the controller 20 calculates the distance between the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 and the design surface S.
- the value of the boom lowering EPC current becomes zero as shown in the lower graph in FIG. The lowering operation of the boom 6 is automatically stopped.
- the operator who operates the excavator 1 continues to operate the first operation lever 44 to the boom lowering side until the work machine 5 automatically stops. Further, the operator gradually decreases the tilt angle of the first operation lever 44 so as to decrease the boom lowering EPC current so that the moving speed of the work implement 5 decreases as the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 approaches the design surface S. ing. Thereby, precise alignment with the design surface S of the blade edge 8a of the bucket 8 becomes possible, and the impact when the boom 6 is automatically stopped is reduced.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing a change in current when a boom lowering command is issued in the hydraulic excavator 1 of the embodiment.
- the horizontal axes of the two graphs in FIG. 8 both indicate time.
- the vertical axis of the lower graph in FIG. 8 shows the boom lowering EPC current similar to that in FIG.
- the vertical axis of the upper graph in FIG. 8 indicates the distance between the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 and the design surface S, similar to FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a change in current when a boom raising command is issued in the hydraulic excavator 1 of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis of the graph in FIG. 9 indicates time.
- the vertical axis of the graph in FIG. 9 indicates a current output to the proportional solenoid valve 74 or the proportional solenoid valve 75 when the controller 20 transmits the command signal G4 or G5, and this is referred to as a boom raising EPC current.
- the lower graph in FIG. 8 and the graph in FIG. 9 have the same scale on both the vertical axis and the horizontal axis.
- the controller 20 outputs a command signal instructing the proportional solenoid valve 73 to increase the opening degree.
- the amount of increase in current per unit time when the controller 20 is smaller than the amount of increase in current per unit time when the controller 20 outputs a command signal that instructs the proportional solenoid valves 74 and 75 to increase the opening degree. It has become.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing an increase in current value when the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve is increased.
- the value of EPC current output to the proportional solenoid valve at a certain time t1 is i1
- the value of EPC current output to the proportional solenoid valve at a certain time t2 after time t1 is i2.
- the increase amount of the current per unit time is expressed as the increase amount of the EPC current at the time t1.
- the value is divided by the time from to t2.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing a decrease in current value when the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve is decreased. As shown in FIG. 11, the value of the EPC current output to the proportional solenoid valve at a certain time t3 is i3, and the value of the EPC current output to the proportional solenoid valve at a certain time t4 after the time t3 is i4. To do.
- the amount of decrease in current per unit time is the amount of decrease in EPC current at time t3.
- the current value output from the controller 20 to the proportional solenoid valve 73 is gradually increased from zero.
- the boom lowering EPC current shown in FIG. 8 does not increase rapidly in a step function but gradually increases with the passage of time.
- the boom lowering EPC current increases with a gradient over time.
- the controller 20 outputs the boom lowering EPC current with a time delay so that the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 73 increases smoothly over time. Is running.
- the time until the current value increases from the value zero and reaches the same value is as follows. It is getting longer.
- the sensitivity of the proportional solenoid valve 73 decreases, and the proportional The valve opening speed of the electromagnetic valve 73 is small.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 When the opening degree is increased from the fully closed state, the proportional solenoid valve 73 has a specification of starting an opening operation when the current value increases from zero to a predetermined threshold value.
- the proportional solenoid valve 73 may have a specification that starts an opening operation when the boom lowering EPC current increases to 40% of the rated current.
- the controller 20 outputs a gradually increasing current value. Thereby, the response speed of the lowering operation
- the boom lowering EPC current increases per unit time so that the current value does not increase to a predetermined threshold value at which the boom 6 starts moving within the time when the boom lowering EPC current shown in FIG. 8 is increasing. What is necessary is just to set quantity.
- the time during which the boom lowering EPC current is increased can be obtained based on the cycle of the work vehicle after specifying the cycle of the swing.
- the boom 6 does not move, and the relative position of the work machine 5 with respect to the work vehicle body can be maintained. Since the execution of lowering the boom again when the work vehicle body shakes can be suppressed, erosion of the design surface S due to the blade edge 8a of the bucket 8 being positioned below the design surface S can be prevented.
- the amount of increase in current per unit time when the controller 20 outputs a command signal that instructs the proportional solenoid valve 73 to increase the opening degree is as follows. This is smaller than the amount of decrease in current per unit time when a command signal instructing a decrease in opening is output.
- the time required for the current value to change by the same difference is: When the current value increases, it becomes longer.
- the rate at which the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 73 increases per unit time is smaller than the rate at which the opening degree of the proportional solenoid valve 73 decreases per unit time.
- the case where the proportional solenoid valve 73 is closed during the automatic control corresponds to the case where the cutting edge 8a of the bucket 8 is sufficiently close to the design surface S and the lowering instruction of the boom 6 is no longer necessary.
- the valve closing speed of the proportional solenoid valve 73 By making the valve closing speed of the proportional solenoid valve 73 relatively large, the lowering operation of the boom 6 can be stopped quickly, so that excessive digging of the design surface S can be avoided more reliably. Therefore, the efficiency and quality at the time of constructing the ground using the hydraulic excavator 1 can be improved.
- the increase amount of current per unit time is determined by the controller 20.
- 75 is smaller than the amount of increase in current per unit time when a command signal instructing an increase in opening is output.
- the rate of increase of the current when increasing the opening of the proportional solenoid valve 73 is made too small, the responsiveness to the operation of the operator is lowered. Therefore, it takes time until the boom 6 operates after the operator operates the first operation lever 44, and there is a possibility that the operator who feels that the operation of the boom 6 is slow may be stressed. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the rate of increase in current when increasing the opening of the proportional solenoid valve 73 within a range that does not affect the responsiveness of the operation of the work machine 5 during manual operation.
- the rate of increase of current when increasing the opening of the proportional solenoid valve 73 is, for example, the current when the opening of the proportional solenoid valve 73 is decreased or when the opening of the proportional solenoid valves 74 and 75 is increased. What is necessary is just to set so that it may become the range of 1/100 to 1/2 times the rate of change.
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Abstract
Description
まず、本発明の思想を適用可能な油圧ショベルの構成について説明する。
(単位時間当たりの電流の増加量)=(i2-i1)/(t2-t1)
単位時間当たりの電流の減少量について説明する。図11は、比例電磁弁の開度を減少するときの電流値の減少を示すグラフである。図11に示すように、ある時刻t3において比例電磁弁に出力されるEPC電流の値をi3とし、時刻t3よりも後のある時刻t4において比例電磁弁に出力されるEPC電流の値をi4とする。i3>i4の関係が成立し、時刻t4におけるEPC電流の値が時刻t3におけるEPC電流の値よりも減少している場合、単位時間当たりの電流の減少量は、EPC電流の減少量を時刻t3から時刻t4までの時間で除した値となる。
(単位時間当たりの電流の減少量)=(i3-i4)/(t4-t3)
次に、本実施形態の作用効果について説明する。
Claims (5)
- ブームと、
ブーム下げ用パイロットポートを有し、前記ブームを作動制御するブーム用パイロット切換弁と、
前記ブーム下げ用パイロットポートに接続されたブーム下げ用パイロット管路と、
前記ブーム下げ用パイロット管路に設けられたブーム下げ用比例電磁弁と、
オペレータが操作するための操作レバーと、
前記操作レバーと前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁との間の前記ブーム下げ用パイロット管路に生じる圧力を検出する第1圧力センサと、
前記第1圧力センサにより検出された圧力に基づいて前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁の開度を制御するコントローラとを備え、
前記コントローラは、前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁に対して出力する電流値を、零から緩やかに増加する、油圧ショベル。 - 前記コントローラが前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁に対して開度増加を指示する指令信号を出力するときの単位時間当たりの電流の増加量は、前記コントローラが前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁に対して開度減少を指示する指令信号を出力するときの単位時間当たりの電流の減少量よりも小さい、請求項1に記載の油圧ショベル。
- 前記ブーム用パイロット切換弁は、ブーム上げ用パイロットポートをさらに有し、
前記油圧ショベルは、
前記ブーム上げ用パイロットポートに接続されたブーム上げ用パイロット管路と、
前記ブーム上げ用パイロット管路に設けられたブーム上げ用比例電磁弁と、
前記操作レバーと前記ブーム上げ用比例電磁弁との間の前記ブーム上げ用パイロット管路に生じる圧力を検出する第2圧力センサとをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、前記第2圧力センサにより検出された圧力に基づいて前記ブーム上げ用比例電磁弁の開度を制御し、
前記コントローラが前記ブーム下げ用比例電磁弁に対して開度増加を指示する指令信号を出力するときの単位時間当たりの電流の増加量は、前記コントローラが前記ブーム上げ用比例電磁弁に対して開度増加を指示する指令信号を出力するときの単位時間当たりの電流の増加量よりも小さい、請求項1または請求項2に記載の油圧ショベル。 - 刃先を有するバケットをさらに備え、
前記コントローラは、施工設計データよりも前記刃先の位置が下がらないように、前記ブームを制御する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の油圧ショベル。 - 前記コントローラは、衛星通信を介して外部との間で情報を送受信する、請求項1または請求項2に記載の油圧ショベル。
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KR1020147018334A KR101561794B1 (ko) | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-24 | 유압 셔블 |
US14/370,069 US9284714B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2014-04-24 | Hydraulic excavator |
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US9476180B2 (en) | 2016-10-25 |
US9284714B2 (en) | 2016-03-15 |
CN103958782A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
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US20150240446A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
KR20150079961A (ko) | 2015-07-08 |
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