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WO2014183963A1 - Method for obtaining information regarding operating variables of injection systems - Google Patents

Method for obtaining information regarding operating variables of injection systems Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014183963A1
WO2014183963A1 PCT/EP2014/058188 EP2014058188W WO2014183963A1 WO 2014183963 A1 WO2014183963 A1 WO 2014183963A1 EP 2014058188 W EP2014058188 W EP 2014058188W WO 2014183963 A1 WO2014183963 A1 WO 2014183963A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voltage
injection
measurements
actuator
charge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2014/058188
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans-Jörg Wiehoff
Tany GARGISO
Michael Katzenberger
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2014183963A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014183963A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
    • F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
    • F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
    • F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
    • F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
    • F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F02D2200/0604—Estimation of fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0618—Actual fuel injection timing or delay, e.g. determined from fuel pressure drop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/244—Force sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/24—Fuel-injection apparatus with sensors
    • F02M2200/247—Pressure sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/005—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices the devices being sensors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for obtaining information relating to operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines, which have injectors actuated by piezo actuators, which information is obtained from voltage and / or charge measurements on the piezoactuator acting as a sensor.
  • the nozzle needle of the respective injection valve is controlled by a piezo actuator.
  • an electrical voltage is applied to the piezoactuator, it increases its length, so that a position control of the nozzle needle of the injection valve can be carried out in this way.
  • injectors are very high demands on the accuracy and robustness of the injection quantity under all operating conditions and over the entire life of the associated vehicle.
  • Disturbances with respect to the feedback signal during the active phase of the piezo actuator are, inter alia, by the drive profile of the associated output stage for current application, by the idle stroke in the power transmission between the piezo actuator and nozzle needle, by friction effects in the nozzle needle and the actual Lifting behavior of the piezo actuator generated.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type described above, with the particularly trouble-free information can be obtained.
  • the inventive concept is based thereon, the required voltage and / or charge measurements to obtain the desired information in relation to the operating variables not during the active operating phase of the piezo actuator perform ⁇ in which it acts as an actuator, but during its passive phase of operation.
  • the invention makes use of the sensory properties of the piezoelectric actuator in its passive operating phase and makes use of the fact that corresponding operating variables (force, pressure, etc.) and / or corresponding changes in the operating variables of the system also occur in the passive phase of the piezoactuator / or charge measurements can be recorded directly on the actuator.
  • Such operating variables or operating variable changes induce voltages / voltage changes and / or charges / charge changes and enable the derivation of injection-relevant operating variables. This data is from the point of immunity is robust ⁇ adjustable and expand the observability of the operating behavior of the injection system.
  • pressure and / or temporal information einspritzre ⁇ relevant operating variables can be obtained by voltage and / or charge measurements.
  • the injection and combustion ⁇ behavior can be observed with reduced interference potential.
  • Runaway during the passive phase ⁇ led voltage and / or charge measurements feedback signals can be obtained, which are used to injection quantity adaptation.
  • the feedback signals obtained here can in addition to during the active phase of the piezo actuator generated feedback signals are used.
  • additional information can be obtained in particular with which the observability of the operating behavior of the injection system can be extended.
  • the voltage and / or charge measurements are carried out permanently during the passive operating phase of the piezoactuator. Since the passive operating phase is usually about ten times as large as the active operating phase of a piezo actuator, information relating to operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines can thus be provided in a permanent manner with the method according to the invention Viewpoint of noise immunity are robust representable.
  • the present invention carried out voltage and / or La ⁇ dung measurements can be carried out simultaneously during the passive phase of operation of piezoelectric actuators more injectors. In this way, a plausibility of the measured signals can be carried out.
  • a corresponding measurement can be carried out simultaneously with three piezo actuators, which leads to a significant increase in robustness. By means of a corresponding signal adjustment, therefore, the accuracy of the information obtained is further increased.
  • the voltage and / or charge measurements are preferably carried out under the boundary condition of high-impedance output impedance of an output stage.
  • a corresponding discharge resistor is used to discharge the piezo actuator after completion of the active phase first.
  • the corresponding Entladecharakte ⁇ rrick is then taken into in the performed analysis so that no distortions of the measurement results occur.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the voltage measurement at the piezoelectric actuator
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment. r
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the invention
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the voltage measurement on the piezo actuator during the passive phase of operation thereof.
  • the voltage measurement is carried out under the boundary condition of high-impedance output impedance of an output stage.
  • an output stage 2 is shown, which acts on a piezoelectric actuator 1 with a defined current to produce in a controlled manner certain stroke conditions of the piezoelectric actuator 1.
  • the piezo actuator is first discharged for safety reasons, for which purpose a discharge resistor 3 is used.
  • the signal evaluation ⁇ ⁇ the corresponding discharge characteristic is taken into account and calculated out accordingly.
  • the voltage measured during the passive phase of the piezoactuator 1 is used as a feedback signal in order to obtain corresponding information relating to operating variables of the associated injection system.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a schematic flowchart, the implementation of the method according to the invention in an exemplary embodiment.
  • step 10 set points related to the opening / closing timing of the injector nozzle needle are input in the form of voltage and / or charge values for the associated piezo actuator.
  • step 11 a corresponding control of the piezo actuator with associated admission of the nozzle needle takes place. This is the usual Procedure.
  • corresponding actual values of the voltage and / or charge are then measured during the active phase of the piezoelectric actuator and used in the form of feedback signals for regulating the mode of operation of the piezoelectric actuator. This is indicated in FIG. 2 with step 12.
  • corresponding voltage and / or charge measurements are carried out on the piezoactuator in the passive phase of the piezoactuator, as indicated by step 13.
  • the measured values are also used as feedback signals for controlling the piezo actuator. In this way, additional information can be obtained in relation to the operating variables of the injection system, which can be used to control or adaptation of the piezo actuators.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the method which is used here for compensating the pressure wave influence of the pump phases.
  • Corresponding setpoints setpoint quantity, a ⁇ spray angle command value
  • corresponding disturbance variables which are given by way of example in FIG. 3, have an effect.
  • the measured values obtained are transferred via detection algorithms into corresponding feedback signals which are used for the adaption of the system pressure of the injection system (adaptation function of the pressure set value ⁇ (pressure-SP)).
  • a corresponding input tax compensation (rail pressure), drive time, injection start, injection quantity, etc.), which can be correspondingly influenced by the adaptation function carried out according to the invention or which is taken into account for the adaptation function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for obtaining information regarding operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines, which injection systems have injection valves actuated by piezoelectric actuators. The information is obtained from voltage and/or charge measurements of the piezoelectric actuator acting as a sensor, wherein the voltage and/or charge measurements are performed during the passive operating phase of the piezoelectric actuator, in which the piezoelectric actuator is not active as an actuator. In this way, especially disturbance-free and additional information can be obtained.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zum Gewinnen von Informationen in Bezug auf Betriebsgrößen von Einspritzsystemen Method for obtaining information relating to operating variables of injection systems
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Gewinnen von Informationen in Bezug auf Betriebsgrößen von Einspritzsystemen von Verbrennungsmotoren, die durch Piezo-Aktuatoren betätigte Einspritzventile aufweisen, welche Informationen aus Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen am als Sensor wirkenden Piezo-Aktuator gewonnen werden. The present invention relates to a method for obtaining information relating to operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines, which have injectors actuated by piezo actuators, which information is obtained from voltage and / or charge measurements on the piezoactuator acting as a sensor.
Bei derartigen Einspritzsystemen wird die Düsennadel des jeweiligen Einspritzventils durch einen Piezo-Aktuator ange- steuert. Bei Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung an den Piezo-Aktuator vergrößert dieser seine Länge, so dass auf diese Weise eine Positionssteuerung der Düsennadel des Einspritzventils durchgeführt werden kann. Für solche Einspritzventile gelten sehr hohe Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit und Robustheit der Einspritzmenge unter allen Betriebsbedingungen und über die gesamte Lebensdauer des zugehörigen Fahrzeuges. In such injection systems, the nozzle needle of the respective injection valve is controlled by a piezo actuator. When an electrical voltage is applied to the piezoactuator, it increases its length, so that a position control of the nozzle needle of the injection valve can be carried out in this way. For such injectors are very high demands on the accuracy and robustness of the injection quantity under all operating conditions and over the entire life of the associated vehicle.
Zur Identifikation der Düsennadelposition während des eigentlichen Einspritzvorganges (aktiver Betrieb) werden Feed- back-Signale aus dem Piezo-Aktuator verwendet. Der Pie¬ zo-Aktuator wirkt dabei als Sensor. Diese Informationen unterliegen jedoch hohen Störgrößeneinflüssen, weil der Piezo-Aktuator zeitgleich als Aktuator und Sensor verwendet wird. Die verbleibende Zeit im Einspritzfenster wird der Pie- zo-Aktuator nicht betätigt (passiver Betrieb) . Das Verhältnis zwischen aktivem und passivem Betrieb lässt sich ungefähr mit 1:10 angeben. Störgrößen in Bezug auf das Feedback-Signal während der aktiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators werden u.a. durch das Ansteuerprofil der zugehörigen Endstufe zur Strombeaufschlagung, durch den Leerhub in der Kraftübertragung zwischen Piezo-Aktuator und Düsennadel, durch Reibungseffekte im Bereich der Düsennadel sowie durch das eigentliche Hubverhalten des Piezo-Aktuators erzeugt. Diese Einflüsse reduzieren die Robustheit der abge¬ leiteten Regelgrößen und wirken sich somit auch auf die Qualität der Regelgüte aus. To identify the nozzle needle position during the actual injection process (active operation), feedback signals from the piezo actuator are used. The Pie ¬ zo actuator acts as a sensor. However, this information is subject to high Störgrößeneinflüssen, because the piezo actuator is used at the same time as an actuator and sensor. The remaining time in the injection window is not actuated by the piezo actuator (passive operation). The ratio between active and passive operation can be stated as approximately 1:10. Disturbances with respect to the feedback signal during the active phase of the piezo actuator are, inter alia, by the drive profile of the associated output stage for current application, by the idle stroke in the power transmission between the piezo actuator and nozzle needle, by friction effects in the nozzle needle and the actual Lifting behavior of the piezo actuator generated. These influences reduce the robustness of abge ¬ initiated control variables and thus also have an impact on the quality of control performance.
Bisher wurde dieses Problem dadurch gelöst, dass die Feed¬ back-Auswertealgorithmen zur Erfassung der Düsennadelposition verschiedene Schwellwerte aus den elektrischen Signalen der Piezo-Spannung bzw. Piezo-Ladung verwenden, um eine Plausi- bilisierung der Schließ- bzw. Öffnungsinformation durchzuführen. Allerdings hängt dabei die Robustheit von den gewählten Schwellwerten ab, welche jedoch unter Umständen nicht alle möglichen Ausprägungs- bzw. Fehlerfälle herausfiltern können und somit zu verbleibenden, nicht zulässigen Restfehlern führen. To date, this problem has been solved by the fact that the feedback evaluation algorithms for detecting the nozzle needle position use different threshold values from the electrical signals of the piezoelectric voltage or piezoelectric charge in order to perform a plausibility of the closing or opening information. However, the robustness depends on the selected threshold values, which however may not be able to filter out all possible occurrences or errors and thus lead to remaining, non-permissible residual errors.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs beschriebenen Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, mit dem besonders störungsfreie Informationen gewonnen werden können. The present invention has for its object to provide a method of the type described above, with the particularly trouble-free information can be obtained.
Dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Verfahren der angegebenen Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen während der passiven Betriebsphase des Pie¬ zo-Aktuators durchgeführt werden, in der dieser nicht als Aktuator tätig ist. This object is achieved in a method of the type specified by the fact that the voltage and / or charge measurements during the passive phase of operation of Pie ¬ zo actuator are performed in which this is not active as an actuator.
Das erfindungsgemäße Konzept beruht darauf, die erforderlichen Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen zur Gewinnung der gewünschten Informationen in Bezug auf die Betriebsgrößen nicht während der aktiven Betriebsphase des Piezo-Aktuators durch¬ zuführen, in der dieser als Aktuator tätig ist, sondern während dessen passiver Betriebsphase. Die Erfindung nutzt die sensorischen Eigenschaften des Piezo-Aktuators in dessen passiver Betriebsphase und nutzt die Tatsache, dass sich entsprechende Betriebsgrößen (Kraft, Druck etc.) und/oder entsprechende Betriebsgrößenänderungen des Systems auch in der passiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators durch Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen direkt am Aktuator erfassen lassen. Solche Betriebsgrößen bzw. Betriebsgrößenänderungen induzieren Spannungen/Spannungsänderungen und/oder Ladungen/Ladungsänderungen und ermöglichen die Ableitung einspritzrelevanter Betriebsgrößen. Diese Daten sind unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Störsicherheit robust dar¬ stellbar und erweitern die Beobachtbarkeit des Betriebsver- haltens des Einspritzsystems. The inventive concept is based thereon, the required voltage and / or charge measurements to obtain the desired information in relation to the operating variables not during the active operating phase of the piezo actuator perform ¬ in which it acts as an actuator, but during its passive phase of operation. The invention makes use of the sensory properties of the piezoelectric actuator in its passive operating phase and makes use of the fact that corresponding operating variables (force, pressure, etc.) and / or corresponding changes in the operating variables of the system also occur in the passive phase of the piezoactuator / or charge measurements can be recorded directly on the actuator. Such operating variables or operating variable changes induce voltages / voltage changes and / or charges / charge changes and enable the derivation of injection-relevant operating variables. This data is from the point of immunity is robust ¬ adjustable and expand the observability of the operating behavior of the injection system.
In der passiven Betriebsphase des Piezo-Aktuators können somit besonders störungsfreie und zusätzliche Informationen aus der Motor- und Einspritzumgebung gewonnen werden. Somit lassen sich beispielsweise Informationen über inhärente Druckverhältnisse im Injektor generieren, oder es kann auf das Einspritzverhalten anderer Zylinder des Verbrennungsmotors geschlossen werden. In the passive operating phase of the piezo actuator thus particularly trouble-free and additional information from the engine and injection environment can be obtained. Thus, for example, information about inherent pressure conditions in the injector can be generated, or it can be concluded that the injection behavior of other cylinders of the internal combustion engine.
Durch Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen können insbesondere Kraft-, Druck- und/oder zeitliche Informationen einspritzre¬ levanter Betriebsgrößen gewonnen werden. Auf diese Weise kann bei reduziertem Störpotenzial das Einspritz- und Verbrennungs¬ verhalten beobachtet werden. Mit den erfindungsgemäß während der passiven Phase durchge¬ führten Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen können Feedback-Signale gewonnen werden, die zur Einspritzmengenadaption verwendet werden. Die gewonnenen Feedback-Signale können hierbei zusätzlich zu den während der aktiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators erzeugten Feedback-Signalen eingesetzt werden. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können daher insbesondere zusätzliche Informationen gewonnen werden, mit denen die Beobachtbarkeit des Betriebsverhaltens des Einspritzsystems erweitert werden kann. In particular force, pressure and / or temporal information einspritzre ¬ relevant operating variables can be obtained by voltage and / or charge measurements. In this way, the injection and combustion ¬ behavior can be observed with reduced interference potential. With the invention Runaway during the passive phase ¬ led voltage and / or charge measurements feedback signals can be obtained, which are used to injection quantity adaptation. The feedback signals obtained here can in addition to during the active phase of the piezo actuator generated feedback signals are used. With the method according to the invention, therefore, additional information can be obtained in particular with which the observability of the operating behavior of the injection system can be extended.
In Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden die Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen dauerhaft während der passiven Betriebsphase des Piezo-Aktuators durchgeführt. Da die passive Betriebsphase in der Regel etwa zehnmal so groß ist wie die aktive Betriebsphase eines Piezo-Aktuators, können somit mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren auf permanente Weise Informationen in Bezug auf Betriebsgrößen von Einspritzsystemen von Verbrennungsmotoren zur Verfügung gestellt werden, wobei die gewonnenen Daten unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Störsicherheit robust darstellbar sind. In a further development of the method according to the invention, the voltage and / or charge measurements are carried out permanently during the passive operating phase of the piezoactuator. Since the passive operating phase is usually about ten times as large as the active operating phase of a piezo actuator, information relating to operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines can thus be provided in a permanent manner with the method according to the invention Viewpoint of noise immunity are robust representable.
Die erfindungsgemäß durchgeführten Spannungs- und/oder La¬ dungsmessungen können gleichzeitig während der passiven Betriebsphase von Piezo-Aktuatoren mehrerer Einspritzventile durchgeführt werden. Auf diese Weise kann eine Plausibilisierung der gemessenen Signale erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann bei einem 4-Zylinder-Motor eine entsprechende Messung gleichzeitig bei drei Piezo-Aktuatoren durchgeführt werden, was zu einer deutlichen Robustheitserhöhung führt. Durch einen entspre- chenden Signalabgleich wird daher die Genauigkeit der gewonnenen Informationen weiter erhöht. The present invention carried out voltage and / or La ¬ dung measurements can be carried out simultaneously during the passive phase of operation of piezoelectric actuators more injectors. In this way, a plausibility of the measured signals can be carried out. For example, in a 4-cylinder engine, a corresponding measurement can be carried out simultaneously with three piezo actuators, which leads to a significant increase in robustness. By means of a corresponding signal adjustment, therefore, the accuracy of the information obtained is further increased.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden die Spannungsund/oder Ladungsmessungen vorzugsweise unter der Randbedingung hochohmiger Ausgangsimpedanz einer Endstufe durchgeführt. Aus Sicherheitsgründen findet ein entsprechender Entladewiderstand Verwendung, um den Piezo-Aktuator nach Beendigung der aktiven Phase zuerst zu entladen. Die entsprechende Entladecharakte¬ ristik wird dann bei der durchgeführten Auswertung berück- sichtigt, so dass keine Verfälschungen der Messergebnisse auftreten . In the method according to the invention, the voltage and / or charge measurements are preferably carried out under the boundary condition of high-impedance output impedance of an output stage. For safety reasons, a corresponding discharge resistor is used to discharge the piezo actuator after completion of the active phase first. The corresponding Entladecharakte ¬ ristik is then taken into in the performed analysis so that no distortions of the measurement results occur.
Insgesamt ist somit mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ein zusätzlicher Informationsgewinn im passiven Betrieb durchOverall, therefore, with the inventive method an additional information gain in passive operation by
Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen am Piezo-Aktuator möglich. Hierzu zählen beispielsweise: Voltage and / or charge measurements on the piezo actuator possible. These include, for example:
Beobachtbarkeit des Einspritz- und Verbrennungsprozesses, direkte Druckbestimmung im Injektor, Observability of the injection and combustion process, direct pressure determination in the injector,
Beobachtung des Einspritzverlaufes, Monitoring/Modellierung des Drucks im Rail, Observation of the course of injection, monitoring / modeling of the pressure in the rail,
Analyse der Pumpenphasenlage, Analyse von Ausset¬ zer-Pumpenhüben, Überwachung VCV-Ventil, Bestimmung Temperaturgang/Kraftstoffeigenschaften, wie Analysis of the pump phase, analysis of Ausset ¬ zer-strokes, monitoring VCV valve gear determination temperature / fuel properties, such as
E-Modul, Modulus of elasticity,
NVH-Analyse, Fertigung: „messendes Einstellen", Leerhubvermessung. NVH analysis, production: "measuring adjustment", idle stroke measurement.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeis¬ pieles in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung im Einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention will be explained below with reference to a Ausführungsbeis ¬ pieles in connection with the drawing in detail. Show it:
Figur 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung zur Spannungsmessung am Piezo-Aktuator; Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the voltage measurement at the piezoelectric actuator;
Figur 2 ein schematisiertes Ablaufdiagramm einer Aus- r FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment. r
führungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; und guide form of the method according to the invention; and
Figur 3 eine Schemadarstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the invention
Verfahrens am Beispiel einer Kompensation des Method on the example of a compensation of
Druckwelleneinflusses der Pumpenphasen. Pressure wave influence of the pump phases.
Figur 1 zeigt eine Prinzipdarstellung der Spannungsmessung am Piezo-Aktuator während der passiven Betriebsphase desselben. Die Spannungsmessung wird hierbei unter der Randbedingung ho- chohmiger Ausgangsimpedanz einer Endstufe durchgeführt. In der Darstellung ist eine Endstufe 2 gezeigt, die einen Piezo-Aktuator 1 mit einem definierten Strom beaufschlagt, um auf kontrollierte Weise bestimmte Hubzustände des Piezo-Aktuators 1 zu erzeugen. Um die Spannungsmessung mit einer Spannungsmesseinrichtung 4 während der passiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators 1 durchzuführen, wird aus Sicherheitsgründen der Piezo-Aktuator zuerst entladen, wozu ein Entladewiderstand 3 verwendet wird. Bei der Signal¬ auswertung wird die entsprechende Entladecharakteristik berücksichtigt und entsprechend herausgerechnet. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the voltage measurement on the piezo actuator during the passive phase of operation thereof. In this case, the voltage measurement is carried out under the boundary condition of high-impedance output impedance of an output stage. In the illustration, an output stage 2 is shown, which acts on a piezoelectric actuator 1 with a defined current to produce in a controlled manner certain stroke conditions of the piezoelectric actuator 1. In order to carry out the voltage measurement with a voltage measuring device 4 during the passive phase of the piezo actuator 1, the piezo actuator is first discharged for safety reasons, for which purpose a discharge resistor 3 is used. In the signal evaluation ¬ ¬ the corresponding discharge characteristic is taken into account and calculated out accordingly.
Die während der passiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators 1 gemessene Spannung wird als Feedback-Signal benutzt, um entsprechende Informationen in Bezug auf Betriebsgrößen des zugehörigen Einspritzsystems zu gewinnen. The voltage measured during the passive phase of the piezoactuator 1 is used as a feedback signal in order to obtain corresponding information relating to operating variables of the associated injection system.
Figur 2 zeigt in einem schematisierten Ablaufdiagramm die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens an einem Ausführungsbeispiel. In Schritt 10 werden Sollwerte in Bezug auf die Öffnungs/Schließzeit der Düsennadel eines Einspritzventils in der Form von Spannungs- und/oder Ladungswerten für den zugehörigen Piezo-Aktuator eingegeben. In Schritt 11 erfolgt eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Piezo-Aktuators mit zugehöriger Beaufschlagung der Düsennadel. Dies entspricht dem üblichen Ablauf. Bei dem bekannten Verfahren werden dann während der aktiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators entsprechende IST-Werte der Spannung und/oder Ladung gemessen und in Form von Feedback-Signalen zur Regelung der Funktionsweise des Pie- zo-Aktuators verwendet. Dies ist in Figur 2 mit Schritt 12 angedeutet . FIG. 2 shows, in a schematic flowchart, the implementation of the method according to the invention in an exemplary embodiment. In step 10, set points related to the opening / closing timing of the injector nozzle needle are input in the form of voltage and / or charge values for the associated piezo actuator. In step 11, a corresponding control of the piezo actuator with associated admission of the nozzle needle takes place. This is the usual Procedure. In the known method, corresponding actual values of the voltage and / or charge are then measured during the active phase of the piezoelectric actuator and used in the form of feedback signals for regulating the mode of operation of the piezoelectric actuator. This is indicated in FIG. 2 with step 12.
Zusätzlich hierzu werden in der passiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators erfindungsgemäß entsprechende Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen am Piezo-Aktuator durchgeführt, wie mit Schritt 13 angedeutet. Die gemessenen Werte werden ebenfalls als Feedback-Signale zur Regelung des Piezo-Aktuators eingesetzt. Auf diese Weise können zusätzliche Informationen in Bezug auf die Betriebsgrößen des Einspritzsystems gewonnen werden, die zur Regelung bzw. Adaption der Piezo-Aktuatoren eingesetzt werden können . In addition to this, according to the invention, corresponding voltage and / or charge measurements are carried out on the piezoactuator in the passive phase of the piezoactuator, as indicated by step 13. The measured values are also used as feedback signals for controlling the piezo actuator. In this way, additional information can be obtained in relation to the operating variables of the injection system, which can be used to control or adaptation of the piezo actuators.
Figur 3 zeigt eine Schemadarstellung des Verfahrens, das hier zur Kompensation des Druckwelleneinflusses der Pumpenphasen ein- gesetzt wird. Entsprechende Sollwerte (Mengensollwert, Ein¬ spritzwinkelsollwert) werden in das System eingegeben und zur Betätigung bzw. Regelung eines Injektors verwendet. Hierbei wirken sich entsprechende Störgrößen aus, die in Figur 3 beispielhaft angegeben sind. Während der passiven Betriebsphase des zugehörigen Piezo-Aktuators (nicht dargestellt) des In¬ jektors findet erfindungsgemäß eine Spannungs- und Ladungs¬ messung am Piezo-Aktuator statt. Die gewonnenen Messwerte werden über Detektions-Algorithmen in entsprechende Feedback-Signale überführt, die zur Adaption des Systemdrucks des Einspritz- Systems verwendet werden (Adaptionsfunktion des Druck-Soll¬ wertes (Druck-SP) ) . FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the method which is used here for compensating the pressure wave influence of the pump phases. Corresponding setpoints (setpoint quantity, a ¬ spray angle command value) to be entered into the system and used for operating or controlling an injector. In this case, corresponding disturbance variables, which are given by way of example in FIG. 3, have an effect. During the passive phase of operation of the associated piezoelectric actuator (not shown) of the in ¬ jektors place according to the invention instead of a voltage and charge ¬ measurement at the piezo actuator. The measured values obtained are transferred via detection algorithms into corresponding feedback signals which are used for the adaption of the system pressure of the injection system (adaptation function of the pressure set value ¬ (pressure-SP)).
Im herkömmlichen System wird eine entsprechende Vorsteuer-Kompensation (FUP (Raildruck) , Ansteuerzeit, Ein- spritzbeginn, Einspritzmenge etc.) vorgenommen, die von der erfindungsgemäß durchgeführten Adaptionsfunktion entsprechend beeinflusst werden kann bzw. die für die Adaptionsfunktion Berücksichtigung findet. In the conventional system, a corresponding input tax compensation (FUP (rail pressure), drive time, injection start, injection quantity, etc.), which can be correspondingly influenced by the adaptation function carried out according to the invention or which is taken into account for the adaptation function.
Mit dem hier schematisch dargestellten Verfahren gelingt es daher, Informationen über den Druckwelleneinfluss der Pumpenphasen zu gewinnen und den entsprechenden Einfluss beim Betrieb bzw. bei der Regelung des durch einen Piezo-Aktuator betätigten Injektors zu kompensieren. With the method schematically illustrated here, it is therefore possible to obtain information about the pressure wave influence of the pump phases and to compensate for the corresponding influence during operation or in the regulation of the actuated by a piezo actuator injector.

Claims

Verfahren zum Gewinnen von Informationen in Bezug auf Betriebsgrößen von Einspritzsystemen von Verbrennungsmotoren, die durch Piezo-Aktuatoren betätigte Einspritzventile aufweisen, welche Informationen aus Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen am als Sensor wirkenden Piezo-Aktuator gewonnen werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungs- und/oder Ladungs¬ messungen während der passiven Betriebsphase des Piezo-Aktuators durchgeführt werden, in der dieser nicht als Aktuator tätig ist. A method for obtaining information relating to operating variables of injection systems of internal combustion engines, the actuators actuated by piezo actuators injection valves, which information from voltage and / or charge measurements on the acting as a sensor piezo actuator are obtained, characterized in that the voltage and / or charge ¬ measurements are performed during the passive operating phase of the piezo actuator, in which this is not active as an actuator.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen Kraft-, Druck- und/oder zeitliche Informationen einspritzrelevanter Betriebsgrößen gewonnen werden. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that are obtained by voltage and / or charge measurements force, pressure and / or temporal information injection relevant operating variables.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit den Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen Feedback-Signale gewonnen werden, die zur Einspritzmengenadaption verwendet werden. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the voltage and / or charge measurements feedback signals are obtained, which are used for injection quantity adaptation.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gewonnenen Feedback-Signale zusätzlich zu während der aktiven Phase des Piezo-Aktuators erzeugten Feed¬ back-Signalen verwendet werden. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the recovered feedback signals are used in addition to during the active phase of the Feed back signals ¬ piezo actuator generated.
Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen dauerhaft während der passiven Betriebsphase des Piezo-Aktuators durchgeführt werden. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the voltage and / or charge measurements are performed permanently during the passive operating phase of the piezo actuator.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass Spannungs- und/oder La¬ dungsmessungen gleichzeitig während der passiven Betriebsphase von Piezo-Aktuatoren mehrerer Einspritzventile durchgeführt werden. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that voltage and / or La ¬ training measurements are performed simultaneously during the passive operating phase of piezo actuators of a plurality of injection valves.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, da durch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spannungs- und/oder Ladungsmessungen unter der Randbedingung hochohmiger Ausgangsimpedanz einer Endstufe durchgeführt werden. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the voltage and / or charge measurements are performed under the boundary condition of high impedance output impedance of an output stage.
PCT/EP2014/058188 2013-05-15 2014-04-23 Method for obtaining information regarding operating variables of injection systems WO2014183963A1 (en)

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