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WO2014182295A1 - Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2014182295A1
WO2014182295A1 PCT/US2013/040134 US2013040134W WO2014182295A1 WO 2014182295 A1 WO2014182295 A1 WO 2014182295A1 US 2013040134 W US2013040134 W US 2013040134W WO 2014182295 A1 WO2014182295 A1 WO 2014182295A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spinner
gas
wall
accordance
gasifier
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2013/040134
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Schlote
Original Assignee
Innerpoint Energy Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Innerpoint Energy Corporation filed Critical Innerpoint Energy Corporation
Priority to PCT/US2013/040134 priority Critical patent/WO2014182295A1/fr
Publication of WO2014182295A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014182295A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0052—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation
    • B01D46/0056—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with filtering elements moving during filtering operation with rotational movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/28—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter brushes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions

Definitions

  • This invention pertains to a centrifugal separator for preventing particulates suspended in gaseous matter from entering a passageway. More particularly, the present invention pertains to a centrifugal separator that comprises a spinner that revolves about an axis adjacent to an inlet into the passageway. The revolution of the spinner prevents particulates from entering the passageway and thereby allows only gaseous matter to enter the passageway.
  • the centrifugal separator is suited for use in connection with gasifiers, but also can be used in connection with many other devices.
  • a centrifugal particle separator in accordance with the present invention produces only a relatively small total pressure drop in the gas flowing through the separator. Still further, a centrifugal particle separator in accordance with the present invention does not suffer from performance decreases as more and more particulates are removed from gaseous matter flowing therethrough.
  • a centrifugal separator for preventing particulates suspended in gaseous matter from entering a passageway comprises a filtered-gas passageway, a spinner, and a drive mechanism.
  • the filtered-gas passageway has an inlet.
  • the spinner is configured and adapted to rotate about a spinner axis relative to the filtered-gas passageway, and has an inner cavity, a gas permeable outer wall, and a plurality of protrusions that extend radially outward from the gas permeable outer wall relative to the spinner axis.
  • the inner cavity of the spinner is operatively connected to the inlet of the filtered-gas passageway.
  • the drive mechanism is configured and adapted to rotate the spinner about the spinner axis at a rate such that the protrusions prevent particulates from passing through the gas permeable outer wall and into the inner cavity of the spinner and such that gaseous matter is able to pass through the gas permeable outer wall, into the inner cavity, and thereafter into the filtered-gas passageway via the inlet.
  • a centrifugal separator in accordance with the invention can be utilized in combination with a gasifier.
  • gasifier may comprise an internal chamber having a main combustion region that is configured and adapted to gasify fuel.
  • the filtered-gas passageway associated with the centrifugal separator may constitute a gasified-fuel outlet that is operatively connected to the main combustion region and that is configured and adapted to discharge gasified fuel (syngas) from the gasifier.
  • the spinner of the centrifugal separator can be positioned within the internal chamber of the gasifier such that it can be used to prevent particulates from leaving the internal chamber through the gasified-fuel outlet.
  • a method of preventing particulates from entering an inlet of a gas passageway comprising a step of rotating a spinner adjacent the inlet of the gas passageway about a spinner axis.
  • the spinner has an inner cavity and a plurality of protrusions that encircle the inner cavity and extend radially outward relative to the spinner axis.
  • the inner cavity is operatively connected to the inlet of the gas passageway. The rotation of the spinner causes the protrusions to force gas and particulates to rotate with the spinner between the protrusions about the spinner axis.
  • Figure 1 depicts a perspective view of a centrifugal separator in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 3 depicts a perspective view of the spinner of the centrifugal separator shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 4 depicts a perspective view of a gasifier comprising the centrifugal separator shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 5 depicts a corss-section of the gasifier shown in Figure 4.
  • centrifugal separator 10 in accordance with the invention is shown by itself in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the centrifugal separator 10 comprises a spinner 12, a filtered-gas passageway 14, and a drive mechanism 16.
  • the filtered-gas passageway 14 of the centrifugal separator 10 has an inlet 18 (see Figure 2) and an outlet 20.
  • the outlet 20 is preferably configured with a flange 22 that optionally allows the outlet to be removably connected to some other object such as another fluid passageway or chamber.
  • the inlet 18 is also preferably configured with a flange 24 that optionally allows the inlet to be removably connected to some other object.
  • passageway 14 is configured to receive filtered gas through the inlet 18 and to discharge such gas through the outlet 20.
  • the drive mechanism 16 preferably comprises an rotational drive motor 26 and a driveshaft 28.
  • the drive motor 26 is operatively connected to the driveshaft 28 and is configured to rotationally drive the driveshaft about the longitudinal axis of the driveshaft.
  • the drive motor 26 is preferably an electric motor but could be any type of rotational drive motor.
  • the drive motor 26 may be operatively connected to the driveshaft 26 via a gear mechanism 30 as shown, but may also be directly connected to the driveshaft.
  • the drive mechanism 16 may comprise a bearing assembly 32 that is configured to support the driveshaft 28 relative to the filtered-gas passageway 14 in a manner such that the driveshaft extends through a portion of the filtered-gas passageway and centrally through the inlet 18 of the filtered-gas passageway to a terminal end 34 of the driveshaft.
  • the spinner 12 comprise a cylindrical gas permeable wall 36, an end cap 38, a plurality of brush bristles 40, and two spoked support wheels 42.
  • the gas permeable wall 36 preferable is formed from metal tube that has holes cut therethrough to thereby render it gas permeable.
  • the gas permeable wall 36 has a diameter of approximately nine inches (matching the diameter of the inlet of the filtered-gas passageway 14) and an axial length of approximately ten inches.
  • the gas permeable wall 36 encircles a cylindrical inner cavity 44 that is also bound by the end cap 38.
  • the end cap is attached to the gas permeable wall 36 and closes one end of the inner cavity.
  • the brush bristles 40 are preferably formed of thin stainless steel wires that extend approximately one and half inches and are secured to one or more brush bands 52.
  • one brush band 52 can be spiraled around the gas permeable wall 36 of the spinner and welded thereto such that the brush bristles 40 surround substantially all of the gas permeable wall.
  • a plurality of brush bands 52 can be attached to the gas permeable wall 36 in a manner such that the brush bristles 40 surround substantially all of the gas permeable wall.
  • the spinner 12 of the centrifugal separator 10 is rotationally driven by the driveshaft 28 of the drive mechanism 16 with the open end 50 of the spinner facing the inlet 18 of the filtered-gas passageway 14.
  • the spinner 12 is rotationally driven at a rate of 1 ,000-3,000 revolutions per minute.
  • the rotation of the brush bristles 40 about the axis of the spinner 12 flings particles, including doprlets of liquids, radially outward, thereby preventing such particles from passing through the gas permeable wall 36 of the spinner 12 and into the inner cavity 44 of the spinner.
  • the rotation of the brush bristles 40 about the axis of the spinner 12 is not sufficient to prevent gaseous matter from passing through the gas permeable wall 36 of the spinner 12 and into the inner cavity 44 of the spinner.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 depict the centrifugal separator 10 as a component of a gasifier 60.
  • Figure 4 depicts a perspective view of the gasifier 60.
  • the gasifier 60 is configured to gasify bio-fuels, petroleum based fuels, and virtual any type of fuel that can be gasified.
  • the gasifier 62 comprises an internal chamber 62 that has a main combustion region 64.
  • the main combustion region 64 is encircled by a ceramic wall 66 that is formed out of a plurality of ceramic blocks 68.
  • the top of the main combustion region 64 is bounded by a dome-shaped top cover 70.
  • the top cover 70 comprises a centrally positioned fuel inlet port 72 and a plurality of utility ports 74 spaced
  • a gasified-fuel outlet tube 76 is operatively connected to at least one of the utility ports 74 via the centrifugal separator 10.
  • the filtered-gas passageway 14 of the centrifugal separator 10 serves as the gasified-fuel outlet tube 76.
  • the other utility ports 74 can serve as service access ports, ports for measuring equipment, additional fuel inlet ports, additional gasified-fuel outlets, and as variety of other things.
  • fuel is introduced into the main combustion region 64 of the gasifier 60 through the fuel inlet port 72 located on the top cover 70 of the gasifier. Additionally, air is introduced into the main combustion region 64 via air inlet tubes 78. Water may also be discharge into the internal chamber 62 of the gasifier 60 via a water injection system 80 to provide additional hydrogen and oxygen for the gasification process.
  • the gasification of the fuel creates hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, liquid particles (such as tar), solid particles (including ash), and many other gases.
  • the pressure within the internal chamber 62 of the gasifier 60 is greater than the pressure within the gasified-fuel outlet tube 76. As such, the matter within the internal chamber 62 of the gasifier 60 will attempt to escape from the internal chamber via the gasified-fuel outlet tube 76. To do so however, the matter must pass through the revolving spinner 12 of the centrifugal separator 10.
  • centrifugal separator 10 in the gasifier 60 is that it allows the gasifier to operate at a very high output despite its compact volume (the output can be as much as five times the output of conventional gasifiers of equal size). It should also be appreciated that since the spinner 12 of the centrifugal separator 10 repels particulates, the spinner is self-cleaning and its
  • the configuration of the centrifugal separator 10 allows the drive motor 26 of the drive mechanism 16 to be positioned external to the internal chamber 62 and the gasified-fuel outlet tube 76 of the gasifier 60. As such the drive motor 26 and the bearing assembly 32 need not be exposed to the high temperatures within the internal chamber 62 and the gasified-fuel outlet tube 76 of the gasifier 60.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un séparateur centrifuge qui comprend une voie de passage de gaz filtré, un rotor et un mécanisme d'entraînement. La voie de passage de gaz filtré a un orifice d'entrée. Le rotor est configuré et adapté pour tourner autour d'un axe de rotor par rapport à la voie de passage de gaz filtré et a une cavité interne, une paroi externe perméable aux gaz et une pluralité de protubérances qui s'étendent de façon radiale vers l'extérieur à partir de la paroi externe perméable aux gaz par rapport à l'axe de rotor. La cavité interne du rotor est connectée de façon opérationnelle à la voie de passage de gaz filtré. Le mécanisme d'entraînement est adapté pour mettre en rotation le rotor autour de l'axe à une vitesse de telle sorte que les protubérances empêchent les particules de passer à travers la paroi externe perméable aux gaz et dans la cavité interne du rotor et de telle sorte que la matière gazeuse est apte à passer à travers la paroi externe perméable aux gaz, dans la cavité interne, et ensuite dans la voie de passage de gaz filtré par l'intermédiaire de l'orifice d'entrée.
PCT/US2013/040134 2013-05-08 2013-05-08 Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement WO2014182295A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2013/040134 WO2014182295A1 (fr) 2013-05-08 2013-05-08 Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2013/040134 WO2014182295A1 (fr) 2013-05-08 2013-05-08 Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2014182295A1 true WO2014182295A1 (fr) 2014-11-13

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2013/040134 WO2014182295A1 (fr) 2013-05-08 2013-05-08 Séparateur de particules centrifuge et son procédé de fonctionnement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2014182295A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106520217A (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-03-22 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种除尘脱水塔
CN113244746A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-13 昆明理工大学 一种离心式气体脱湿装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3538657A (en) * 1968-12-26 1970-11-10 Lawrence Macrow Gas-liquid contact apparatus
US5607487A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-03-04 Taylor; Leland T. Bottom feed - updraft gasification system
US20020096050A1 (en) * 2001-01-22 2002-07-25 Miles Charles C. Centripetal Demister
US20020178919A1 (en) * 2001-01-22 2002-12-05 Miles Charles C. Centripetal gas purifying system and method
US20070094929A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2007-05-03 Sung-Kyu Kang Apparatus of catalytic gasification for refined biomass fuel at low temperature and the method thereof
US20100043364A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2010-02-25 Winddrop Liquid-gas separator, namely for vacuum cleaner
US20100223848A1 (en) * 2007-05-02 2010-09-09 Pall Corporation Gasification apparatus and method for generating syngas from gasifiable feedstock material

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3538657A (en) * 1968-12-26 1970-11-10 Lawrence Macrow Gas-liquid contact apparatus
US5607487A (en) * 1993-03-17 1997-03-04 Taylor; Leland T. Bottom feed - updraft gasification system
US20020096050A1 (en) * 2001-01-22 2002-07-25 Miles Charles C. Centripetal Demister
US20020178919A1 (en) * 2001-01-22 2002-12-05 Miles Charles C. Centripetal gas purifying system and method
US20070094929A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2007-05-03 Sung-Kyu Kang Apparatus of catalytic gasification for refined biomass fuel at low temperature and the method thereof
US20100043364A1 (en) * 2006-04-04 2010-02-25 Winddrop Liquid-gas separator, namely for vacuum cleaner
US20100223848A1 (en) * 2007-05-02 2010-09-09 Pall Corporation Gasification apparatus and method for generating syngas from gasifiable feedstock material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106520217A (zh) * 2016-10-26 2017-03-22 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 一种除尘脱水塔
CN113244746A (zh) * 2021-04-28 2021-08-13 昆明理工大学 一种离心式气体脱湿装置

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