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WO2014030915A1 - Al-zn alloy for die casting, simultaneously showing high strength and high thermal conductivity - Google Patents

Al-zn alloy for die casting, simultaneously showing high strength and high thermal conductivity Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014030915A1
WO2014030915A1 PCT/KR2013/007480 KR2013007480W WO2014030915A1 WO 2014030915 A1 WO2014030915 A1 WO 2014030915A1 KR 2013007480 W KR2013007480 W KR 2013007480W WO 2014030915 A1 WO2014030915 A1 WO 2014030915A1
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Prior art keywords
thermal conductivity
alloy
die casting
aluminum alloy
weight
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PCT/KR2013/007480
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
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김기태
신제식
고세현
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한국생산기술연구원
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Priority to US14/421,998 priority Critical patent/US20150218678A1/en
Publication of WO2014030915A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014030915A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/02—Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere
    • B22D21/04—Casting aluminium or magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-strength, high thermal conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy, and more particularly, to an aluminum alloy capable of obtaining excellent castability and at the same time excellent tensile strength and thermal conductivity.
  • Die casting also known as die casting, is a precision casting method in which molten metal is injected into steel molds that are precisely machined to perfectly match the required casting shape to obtain the same casting as the mold. Products manufactured by casting are called diecast castings.
  • the metal used for die casting casting is generally an alloy of zinc, aluminum, tin, copper, magnesium, and the like, and these alloys are melted and made of molten metal, and then pressurized through a pressurization device such as air pressure, hydraulic pressure, hydraulic pressure, etc. It is injected into the mold and solidified rapidly.
  • Die-casting castings made through this process are used in various fields, and are particularly applied to automobile parts, and are widely used in the manufacture of parts such as electric devices, optical devices, vehicles, weaving machines, architecture, and measuring instruments.
  • Al-Si-based alloys and Al-Mg-based alloys excellent in castability are mainly used as die casting aluminum alloys.
  • the tensile strength is 230MPa or more but the thermal conductivity is low as 90 ⁇ 130W / mK. Because of this, the tensile strength is 230MPa or more, and at the same time, the use of heat dissipation parts for electric, electronic, and automotive applications requiring high tensile strength and thermal conductivity of 130W / mK or more has been limited.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by adding zinc (Zn) as the main alloying element and controlling the content of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe), while having excellent castability and at the same time more than 130W / mK
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for die casting having a thermal conductivity and a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more.
  • the present invention comprises 5.5 to 8.5% by weight of zinc (Zn), 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of magnesium (Mg) and 0.45 to 1.5% by weight of iron (Fe), with the remainder being aluminum (Al). It provides an aluminum alloy for die casting consisting of and inevitable impurities.
  • the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy according to the present invention may be 130W / mK or more and at the same time the tensile strength may be 230MPa or more.
  • ⁇ T which is a difference (T L -T S ) between the liquidus temperature T L and the solidus temperature T S , which is an index indicating castability, may be 70 ° C. or less.
  • the content of zinc (Zn) may be 5.5 to 8.0% by weight.
  • the content of magnesium (Mg) may be 0.7 to 2.0% by weight.
  • the content of the iron (Fe) may be 0.5 to 1.1% by weight.
  • the aluminum alloy according to the present invention by controlling the composition of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) while using zinc (Zn) as a main alloying element, to ensure sufficient castability required to obtain a sound casting in the die casting casting method and At the same time, it has a thermal conductivity in the range of 130 to 165 W / mK and a tensile strength in the range of 230 MPa to 300 MPa, which can be used for the manufacture of heat dissipating parts for electric, electronic and automotive which require high thermal conductivity and require a considerable level of mechanical strength. have.
  • the aluminum alloy according to the present invention is a high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy for die casting in which zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) are alloyed, and includes 5.5 to 8.5% by weight of zinc (Zn) and 0.5 to magnesium (Mg). 3.0% by weight and 0.45-1.5% by weight of iron (Fe), and the remainder is composed of aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities.
  • the present invention provides an alloy element capable of improving the castability of aluminum, an alloy element which can be dissolved in an aluminum base metal to obtain a solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening effect, and a solid solubility in an aluminum base metal according to the respective composition amounts. It is low, which minimizes the thermal conductivity and increases the tensile strength by precipitating the intermetallic compound, and simultaneously adds the alloying element that can reduce the mold adhesion when forming the aluminum alloy product by die casting. It is a high strength, high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy for die casting that exhibits thermal conductivity of mK or higher and tensile strength of 230 MPa or higher.
  • Zinc (Zn) can be added as an alloying element to aluminum to increase the tensile strength according to the solid-solution strengthening effect.
  • zinc (Zn) is precipitated as an intermetallic compound such as MgZn 2 , thereby increasing the tensile strength while minimizing the decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum. Alloy element.
  • it is preferable that zinc is added in an amount of 5.5 to 8.5% by weight. If the zinc content is less than 5.5% by weight, tensile strength of 230 MPa or more cannot be obtained. This is because the thermal conductivity is lowered, and thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK or more cannot be obtained.
  • the content of zinc (Zn) is 5.5 to 8.0% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
  • Magnesium (Mg) is an alloying element that can be added as an alloying element to aluminum to improve the castability of the aluminum alloy and also to increase the tensile strength while minimizing a decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum because it is precipitated as an intermetallic compound such as MgZn 2 .
  • the content of magnesium (Mg) is 0.7 to 2.0% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
  • iron has a very high solubility in aluminum at room temperature of 0.052% by weight, it is mostly crystallized as an intermetallic compound such as Al 3 Fe after casting, so that it is added to aluminum to increase strength while minimizing a decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum. It is an alloy element that can be made, and at the same time to reduce the mold adhesion when forming an aluminum alloy product by die casting. In the die casting alloy according to the present invention, it is preferable that iron is added in an amount of 0.45 to 1.5% by weight. When the iron content is less than 0.45% by weight, the effect of preventing the metal from sticking to the die is reduced, so that a part of the mold part is formed when forming a product by die casting.
  • the sintering phenomenon of the product occurs and the tensile strength is not sufficient, and when the iron content exceeds 1.5% by weight, the Fe-rich phase (Fe-rich phase) is excessively crystallized in the alloy, thereby decreasing the castability of the alloy. Because it is.
  • the content of iron (Fe) is 0.5 to 1.1% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
  • the unavoidable impurity means an impurity unintentionally incorporated by a raw material or a manufacturing apparatus in the process of producing an alloy according to the present invention, and examples thereof include Ti, Cr, V, Mn, Li, and Zr. Impurity components are kept at 0.1% by weight or less, preferably 0.01% or less, so as not to affect the alloy properties.
  • a high strength, high thermal conductivity die casting aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Tables 1 and 2 below.
  • the inventors of the present invention prepared a test piece by a method of producing a molten stirred aluminum alloy commonly used in the die casting production of an alloy having a composition shown in Table 1 to produce a high strength, high thermal conductivity die casting aluminum alloy.
  • thermal conductivity which is one of the main objects of the alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • thermal conductivity first, by measuring the conductivity at room temperature using a conductivity meter, and then converted to the conversion formula of the following formula [1] Thermal conductivity was obtained.
  • flow field evaluation generally performed in a manner well known in the art (flow field evaluation method is performed by injecting alloy molten metal into a fluidity test mold such as FIG. 1 maintained at a temperature of 200 ° C. After measuring the solidified length after the molten alloy flows a certain distance, the flow field specimen size is 12mm in width, 5mm in thickness, the maximum length is 780mm), and liquid phase temperature (T L ) using a thermal analyzer ) And the solidus temperature (T S ) was measured.
  • the aluminum alloys according to the embodiments of the present invention are all thermal conductivity of 130W / mK or more, excellent thermal conductivity of the level or more required in various heat dissipation parts Have
  • ⁇ T which is the difference between the flow field and the liquidus temperature and the solidus temperature (T L -T S ) shown in Table 2, is an important index for evaluating the castability of the alloy, and the larger the flow field, the better the fluidity of the alloy.
  • DELTA T which is the difference between the temperature and the solid phase temperature, means that the castability is excellent.
  • the aluminum alloys according to the embodiment of the present invention has a flow field of 720 ⁇ 780mm, and the flow field of 780mm and Al-Si alloy (ADC 12, Comparative Example 9) that is widely used as a die casting aluminum alloy It can be seen that compared to 90% flow field.
  • ⁇ T which is the difference (T L -T S ) between the liquidus temperature (T L ) and the solidus temperature (T S ) of the aluminum alloys according to an embodiment of the present invention is 33 ⁇ 70
  • the aluminum alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention has a castability equivalent to that of the Al-Si alloy widely used in conventional die casting.
  • the tensile strength of the alloys according to Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention is 240MPa or more, a conventional Al-Si alloy (ADC 12, Comparative Example) widely used as an aluminum alloy for die casting It has better tensile strength than alloy 9).
  • Comparative Alloy 10 and Comparative Alloy 11 had a zinc content of 1.95% by weight and 2.30% by weight, respectively, compared to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the thermal conductivity was 170 W / mK or higher but the tensile strength was 141 MPa and 151 MPa, respectively.
  • the tensile strength is relatively low compared to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • Comparative Example Alloy 12 has a higher zinc content of 9.16% by weight compared to the embodiments of the present invention. As a result, the thermal conductivity is 116 W / mK. It is unreasonable to apply to parts requiring heat dissipation.
  • Comparative Example 13 alloy has a low zinc content of 3.97% by weight and a magnesium content of 0.39% by weight compared to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the thermal conductivity is relatively high at 175 W / mK, but the tensile strength is 171 MPa, respectively.
  • the tensile strength is relatively low.
  • the aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention is a die-casting aluminum material for heat dissipation parts that requires a certain level of tensile strength and excellent thermal conductivity properties required for parts with a castability capable of die casting. May be suitably used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for die casting which can obtain excellent thermal conductivity while simultaneously having a remarkable casting property and satisfactory tensile characteristics, and thus can be applied to a product for various structures requiring radiation characteristics. According to the present invention, the aluminum alloy for die casting comprises 5.5-8.5 wt% of zinc (Zn), 0.5-3.0 wt% of magnesium (Mg), 0.4-1.5 wt% of iron (Fe), and the balance of aluminum (Al) and inevitable impurities.

Description

고강도 및 고열전도도를 동시에 나타내는 다이캐스팅용 Ａｌ－Ｚｎ 합금Die casting alloy with high strength and high thermal conductivity
본 발명은 고강도, 고열전도도 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금에 관한 것으로서 특히, 우수한 주조성을 가지면서 동시에 우수한 인장강도와 열전도도를 얻을 수 있는 알루미늄 합금에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a high-strength, high thermal conductivity die-casting aluminum alloy, and more particularly, to an aluminum alloy capable of obtaining excellent castability and at the same time excellent tensile strength and thermal conductivity.
다이캐스팅은 다이 주조라고도 하는데, 필요한 주조형상에 완전히 일치하도록 정확하게 기계가공된 강제(鋼製)의 금형(金型)에 용융금속(熔融金屬)을 주입하여 금형과 똑같은 주물을 얻는 정밀주조법이며, 이 주조법을 통해 제조한 제품을 다이캐스트 주물이라고 한다.Die casting, also known as die casting, is a precision casting method in which molten metal is injected into steel molds that are precisely machined to perfectly match the required casting shape to obtain the same casting as the mold. Products manufactured by casting are called diecast castings.
다이캐스팅 주물은 치수가 정확하므로 다듬질할 필요가 거의 없는 장점 외에 기계적 성질이 우수하며, 대량생산이 가능하다는 특징이 있다. 한편, 다이캐스팅 주조에 이용되는 금속은 일반적으로 아연, 알루미늄, 주석, 구리, 마그네슘 등의 합금이며, 이들 합금은 용융되어 용탕으로 만들어진 후, 공기압, 수압, 유압 등의 가압장치를 통해 다이캐스트 장치의 금형에 주입되어 급속 냉각 응고된다.Die-casting castings are precisely dimensioned so that they do not need to be trimmed, but also have excellent mechanical properties and mass production. On the other hand, the metal used for die casting casting is generally an alloy of zinc, aluminum, tin, copper, magnesium, and the like, and these alloys are melted and made of molten metal, and then pressurized through a pressurization device such as air pressure, hydraulic pressure, hydraulic pressure, etc. It is injected into the mold and solidified rapidly.
이러한 과정을 통해 만들어진 다이캐스팅 주조품은 여러 분야에 사용되고 있으며, 특히 자동차부품에 많이 적용되고 있고, 전기기기, 광학기기, 차량, 방직기, 건축, 계측기 등의 부품 제작 등에도 널리 사용되고 있다.Die-casting castings made through this process are used in various fields, and are particularly applied to automobile parts, and are widely used in the manufacture of parts such as electric devices, optical devices, vehicles, weaving machines, architecture, and measuring instruments.
한편, 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금으로는 주조성이 우수한 Al-Si계 합금 및 Al-Mg계 합금 등이 주로 사용되고 있다. 그런데 Al-Si계 합금 또는 Al-Mg계 합금의 경우, 인장강도는 230MPa 이상이나 열전도도가 90~130W/mK로 낮다. 이로 인하여 인장강도는 230MPa 이상이며 동시에 열전도도가 130W/mK 이상의 높은 인장강도와 열전도도를 필요로 하는 전기, 전자 및 자동차용 방열부품에 사용이 제한되어 왔다.On the other hand, Al-Si-based alloys and Al-Mg-based alloys excellent in castability are mainly used as die casting aluminum alloys. However, in the case of Al-Si-based alloys or Al-Mg-based alloys, the tensile strength is 230MPa or more but the thermal conductivity is low as 90 ~ 130W / mK. Because of this, the tensile strength is 230MPa or more, and at the same time, the use of heat dissipation parts for electric, electronic, and automotive applications requiring high tensile strength and thermal conductivity of 130W / mK or more has been limited.
또한 높은 열전도도를 요구하는 방열부품에는, 종래 열전도도가 220W/mK 이상으로 매우 높은 순 알루미늄을 다이캐스팅한 제품이 전기, 전자제품용 로터 등에 일부 사용되고 있으나, 순 알루미늄은 열전도도는 매우 우수하지만 인장강도가 100MPa 정도로 낮기 때문에, 열전도도와 함께 우수한 인장강도를 요구하는 구조용 부품에까지 적용하기에는 한계가 있다.In addition, in the case of heat dissipation parts that require high thermal conductivity, products which have been die-cast pure aluminum having a very high thermal conductivity of 220 W / mK or more are used in electric and electronic rotors, but pure aluminum has excellent thermal conductivity but is tensile. Since the strength is as low as 100 MPa, there is a limit to apply to structural parts that require excellent tensile strength together with thermal conductivity.
이에 따라, 전기, 전자 및 자동차용 방열부품 등에 사용하기 위하여 우수한 주조성을 가지면서 동시에 130W/mK 이상의 높은 열전도도와 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 갖는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금 개발에 대한 필요성이 절실히 요구되고 있지만, 현재까지는 우수한 주조성을 가지면서 동시에 130W/mK 이상의 높은 열전도도와 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 갖는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금이 개발되지 못한 상태이므로, 인장강도는 230MPa 이상이고 열전도도가 90~130W/mK인 Al-Si계 합금 및 Al-Mg계 합금 등이 전기, 전자 및 자동차용 방열부품 등에 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금으로 사용되고 있는 실정이다.Accordingly, there is an urgent need for the development of die casting aluminum alloys having excellent castability and high thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK and tensile strength of 230 MPa or more for use in heat dissipating parts for electric, electronic and automotive applications. Al-Si alloys with tensile strength of 230 MPa or more and thermal conductivity of 90-130 W / mK have not been developed because die casting aluminum alloys having excellent castability and high thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK and tensile strength of 230 MPa or more have not been developed. And Al-Mg alloys are used as die casting aluminum alloys for electric, electronic and automotive heat dissipation parts.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출한 것으로서 아연(Zn)을 주 합금원소로 첨가하고 마그네슘(Mg)과 철(Fe)의 함량을 조절하여, 우수한 주조성을 가지면서 동시에 130W/mK 이상의 열전도도와 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 갖는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금을 제공하는 것을 해결하고자 하는 과제로 한다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, by adding zinc (Zn) as the main alloying element and controlling the content of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe), while having excellent castability and at the same time more than 130W / mK An object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy for die casting having a thermal conductivity and a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more.
상기의 과제의 해결수단으로 본 발명은, 아연(Zn) 5.5~8.5중량%, 마그네슘(Mg) 0.5~3.0중량% 및 철(Fe) 0.45~1.5중량%를 포함하고, 나머지는 알루미늄(Al)과 불가피한 불순물로 이루어진 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금을 제공한다.In order to solve the above problems, the present invention comprises 5.5 to 8.5% by weight of zinc (Zn), 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of magnesium (Mg) and 0.45 to 1.5% by weight of iron (Fe), with the remainder being aluminum (Al). It provides an aluminum alloy for die casting consisting of and inevitable impurities.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금의 열전도도는 130W/mK 이상이고 동시에 인장강도는 230MPa 이상일 수 있다.In addition, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy according to the present invention may be 130W / mK or more and at the same time the tensile strength may be 230MPa or more.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금은, 주조성을 나타내는 지표인 액상온도(TL)와 고상온도(TS)의 차이(TL-TS)인 △T가 70℃ 이하일 수 있다.In addition, in the aluminum alloy according to the present invention, ΔT, which is a difference (T L -T S ) between the liquidus temperature T L and the solidus temperature T S , which is an index indicating castability, may be 70 ° C. or less.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금에 있어서, 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시키 위해, 상기 아연(Zn)의 함량은 5.5~8.0중량%일 수 있다.In addition, in the aluminum alloy according to the present invention, in order to further improve thermal conductivity and strength, the content of zinc (Zn) may be 5.5 to 8.0% by weight.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금에 있어서, 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시키 위해, 상기 마그네슘(Mg)의 함량은 0.7~2.0중량%일 수 있다.In addition, in the aluminum alloy according to the present invention, in order to further improve thermal conductivity and strength, the content of magnesium (Mg) may be 0.7 to 2.0% by weight.
또한, 본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금에 있어서, 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시키 위해, 상기 철(Fe)의 함량은 0.5~1.1중량%일 수 있다.In addition, in the aluminum alloy according to the present invention, in order to further improve the thermal conductivity and strength, the content of the iron (Fe) may be 0.5 to 1.1% by weight.
본 발명에 따른 알루미늄 합금은, 아연(Zn)을 주 합금원소로 하면서 마그네슘(Mg)과 철(Fe)의 성분 제어를 통해, 다이캐스팅 주조법에서 건전한 주물을 얻을 수 있는데 요구되는 충분한 주조성을 확보함과 동시에, 130 ~ 165W/mK 범위의 열전도도와 230MPa ~ 300MPa 범위의 인장강도를 가져서, 높은 열전도도를 요구하면서 상당한 수준의 기계적 강도를 요하는 전기, 전자 및 자동차용 방열부품의 제조에 적합하게 사용될 수 있다.The aluminum alloy according to the present invention, by controlling the composition of magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) while using zinc (Zn) as a main alloying element, to ensure sufficient castability required to obtain a sound casting in the die casting casting method and At the same time, it has a thermal conductivity in the range of 130 to 165 W / mK and a tensile strength in the range of 230 MPa to 300 MPa, which can be used for the manufacture of heat dissipating parts for electric, electronic and automotive which require high thermal conductivity and require a considerable level of mechanical strength. have.
도 1은 알루미늄 합금의 주조성을 평가한 장비의 사진이다.1 is a photograph of equipment for evaluating the castability of an aluminum alloy.
이하 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 합금에 대하여 상세하게 설명하겠지만 본 발명이 하기의 실시예에 제한되는 것은 아니다. 따라서 해당 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 변경할 수 있음은 자명하다.Hereinafter, an aluminum alloy according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be variously modified without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention.
또한, 본 발명의 실시예를 설명하기 위해 사용되는 단수 형태들은 문구들이 이와 명백히 반대의 의미를 나타내지 않는 한 복수 형태들도 포함하는 것을 의미한다.Also, the singular forms used to describe the embodiments of the present invention are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the phrases clearly indicate the opposite.
본 발명에 의한 알루미늄 합금은, 아연(Zn), 마그네슘(Mg) 및 철(Fe)이 합금되어 구성된 다이캐스팅용 고열전도도 알루미늄 합금으로서, 아연(Zn) 5.5~8.5중량%, 마그네슘(Mg) 0.5~3.0중량% 및 철(Fe) 0.45~1.5중량%를 포함하고, 나머지는 알루미늄(Al)과 불가피한 불순물로 구성된다.The aluminum alloy according to the present invention is a high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy for die casting in which zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) are alloyed, and includes 5.5 to 8.5% by weight of zinc (Zn) and 0.5 to magnesium (Mg). 3.0% by weight and 0.45-1.5% by weight of iron (Fe), and the remainder is composed of aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities.
본 발명은 상기 각각의 조성량에 따라서 알루미늄의 주조성을 향상시킬 수 있는 합금원소, 알루미늄 기지 금속에 고용되어 고용강화 및 석출강화 효과를 얻을 수 있는 합금원소, 그리고 알루미늄 기지 금속에의 고용도가 매우 낮아서 열전도도 저하를 최소화하면서 금속간화합물로 석출하여 인장강도를 증가시키고 동시에 다이캐스팅에 의하여 알루미늄 합금 제품을 성형할 때에 금형소착을 줄일 수 있는 합금원소를 복합적으로 첨가함으로써, 우수한 주조성을 나타내면서 동시에 130W/mK 이상의 열전도도와 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 나타내는 다이캐스팅용 고강도, 고열전도도 알루미늄 합금이다.The present invention provides an alloy element capable of improving the castability of aluminum, an alloy element which can be dissolved in an aluminum base metal to obtain a solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening effect, and a solid solubility in an aluminum base metal according to the respective composition amounts. It is low, which minimizes the thermal conductivity and increases the tensile strength by precipitating the intermetallic compound, and simultaneously adds the alloying element that can reduce the mold adhesion when forming the aluminum alloy product by die casting. It is a high strength, high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy for die casting that exhibits thermal conductivity of mK or higher and tensile strength of 230 MPa or higher.
상기 각 합금원소의 첨가 및 함량 한정 이유는 다음과 같다.The reason for the addition and content limitation of each alloying element is as follows.
아연(Zn)은 알루미늄에 합금원소로 첨가하여 고용강화 효과에 따라서 인장강도를 증가시킬 수 있고, 또한 MgZn2 등의 금속간화합물로 석출되기 때문에 알루미늄의 열전도도 저하를 최소화하면서 인장강도를 증가시킬 수 있는 합금원소이다. 본 발명에 의한 합금에는 아연이 5.5~8.5중량% 첨가되는 것이 바람직한데, 이는 아연의 함량이 5.5중량% 미만이면 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 얻을 수 없고, 아연의 함량이 8.5중량% 초과하면, 합금의 열전도도가 저하되어 130W/mK 이상의 열전도도를 얻을 수 없기 때문이다. 상기 아연(Zn)의 함량은 5.5~8.0중량%로 할 경우, 알루미늄 합금의 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시킬 수 있으므로 바람직하다.Zinc (Zn) can be added as an alloying element to aluminum to increase the tensile strength according to the solid-solution strengthening effect. Also, zinc (Zn) is precipitated as an intermetallic compound such as MgZn 2 , thereby increasing the tensile strength while minimizing the decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum. Alloy element. In the alloy according to the present invention, it is preferable that zinc is added in an amount of 5.5 to 8.5% by weight. If the zinc content is less than 5.5% by weight, tensile strength of 230 MPa or more cannot be obtained. This is because the thermal conductivity is lowered, and thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK or more cannot be obtained. When the content of zinc (Zn) is 5.5 to 8.0% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
마그네슘(Mg)은 알루미늄에 합금원소로 첨가되어 알루미늄 합금의 주조성을 향상시키고 또한 MgZn2 등의 금속간화합물로 석출되기 때문에 알루미늄의 열전도도 저하를 최소화 하면서 인장강도를 증가시킬 수 있는 합금원소이다. 본 발명에 의한 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금에는 마그네슘이 0.5~3.0중량% 첨가되는 것이 바람직한데, 이는 상기 마그네슘의 함량이 0.5중량% 미만이면 230MPa 이상의 인장강도를 얻을 수 없고, 상기 마그네슘의 함량이 3.0중량% 초과하면 합금의 열전도도가 저하되어 130W/mK 이상의 열전도도를 얻을 수 없기 때문이다. 상기 마그네슘(Mg)의 함량을 0.7~2.0중량%로 할 경우, 알루미늄 합금의 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시킬 수 있으므로 바람직하다.Magnesium (Mg) is an alloying element that can be added as an alloying element to aluminum to improve the castability of the aluminum alloy and also to increase the tensile strength while minimizing a decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum because it is precipitated as an intermetallic compound such as MgZn 2 . In the die-casting aluminum alloy according to the present invention, it is preferable that 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of magnesium be added. If the magnesium content is less than 0.5% by weight, tensile strength of 230 MPa or more cannot be obtained, and the content of magnesium is 3.0% by weight. If it exceeds, the thermal conductivity of an alloy will fall and it will be impossible to obtain thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK or more. When the content of magnesium (Mg) is 0.7 to 2.0% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
철(Fe)은 상온에서 알루미늄에의 고용도가 0.052중량%로서 매우 낮아 주조 후에는 대부분 Al3Fe 등의 금속간화합물로 정출되기 때문에 알루미늄에 첨가되어 알루미늄의 열전도도 저하를 최소화하면서 강도를 증가시킬 수 있고, 동시에 다이캐스팅에 의하여 알루미늄 합금 제품을 성형할 때에 금형소착을 줄일 수 있도록 하는 합금원소이다. 본 발명에 의한 다이캐스팅용 합금에는 철이 0.45~1.5중량% 첨가되는 것이 바람직한데, 이는 상기 철의 함량이 0.45중량% 미만이면 합금의 금형소착 방지 효과가 낮아져 다이캐스팅에 의하여 제품을 성형할 때에 일부 금형부위에 제품의 소착현상이 발생하며 또한 인장 강도도 충분하지 못하게 되고, 상기 철의 함량이 1.5중량% 초과하면 합금에 Fe-부화상(Fe-rich상)이 과도하게 정출되어, 합금의 주조성을 저하시키기 때문이다. 상기 철(Fe)의 함량을 0.5~1.1중량%로 할 경우, 알루미늄 합금의 열전도도와 강도를 보다 향상시킬 수 있으므로 바람직하다.Since iron (Fe) has a very high solubility in aluminum at room temperature of 0.052% by weight, it is mostly crystallized as an intermetallic compound such as Al 3 Fe after casting, so that it is added to aluminum to increase strength while minimizing a decrease in thermal conductivity of aluminum. It is an alloy element that can be made, and at the same time to reduce the mold adhesion when forming an aluminum alloy product by die casting. In the die casting alloy according to the present invention, it is preferable that iron is added in an amount of 0.45 to 1.5% by weight. When the iron content is less than 0.45% by weight, the effect of preventing the metal from sticking to the die is reduced, so that a part of the mold part is formed when forming a product by die casting. The sintering phenomenon of the product occurs and the tensile strength is not sufficient, and when the iron content exceeds 1.5% by weight, the Fe-rich phase (Fe-rich phase) is excessively crystallized in the alloy, thereby decreasing the castability of the alloy. Because it is. When the content of iron (Fe) is 0.5 to 1.1% by weight, the thermal conductivity and strength of the aluminum alloy can be further improved, which is preferable.
불가피한 불순물이란, 본 발명에 의한 합금을 제조하는 과정에서 원료 또는 제조 장치에 의해 의도하지 않게 혼입된 불순물을 의미하며, 예를 들어 Ti, Cr, V, Mn, Li, Zr 등을 들 수 있으며 이들 불순물 각 성분은 합금 특성에 영향을 주지 않도록 0.1중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 0.01% 이하가 되도록 유지한다.The unavoidable impurity means an impurity unintentionally incorporated by a raw material or a manufacturing apparatus in the process of producing an alloy according to the present invention, and examples thereof include Ti, Cr, V, Mn, Li, and Zr. Impurity components are kept at 0.1% by weight or less, preferably 0.01% or less, so as not to affect the alloy properties.
[실시예]EXAMPLE
본 발명의 실시예에 따른 고강도, 고열전도도 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금에 대하여 하기 표 1 ~ 2를 참조하여, 상세하게 설명한다.A high strength, high thermal conductivity die casting aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Tables 1 and 2 below.
본 발명자들은 고강도, 고열전도도 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금을 제조하기 위해 하기 표 1에 나타낸 조성을 갖는 합금을, 다이캐스팅 제조시에 통상적으로 사용되는 용융 교반식 알루미늄 합금 제조 방법으로 시험편을 제조하였다.The inventors of the present invention prepared a test piece by a method of producing a molten stirred aluminum alloy commonly used in the die casting production of an alloy having a composition shown in Table 1 to produce a high strength, high thermal conductivity die casting aluminum alloy.
표 1
합금 조성(중량%)
Zn Mg Fe Si Al
실시예 1 6.06 0.64 1.02 - bal.
2 6.10 1.25 1.04 - bal.
3 6.05 1.59 0.53 - bal.
4 5.92 2.08 0.60 - bal.
5 7.93 0.73 0.93 - bal.
6 8.14 1.62 0.97 - bal.
7 7.90 2.07 0.49 - bal.
8 8.10 2.71 0.56 - bal.
비교예 9 0.92 0.21 0.97 10.20 bal.
10 1.95 1.11 0.52 - bal.
11 2.30 1.11 0.53 - bal.
12 9.16 2.22 0.29 - bal.
13 3.97 0.39 0.96 - bal.
Table 1
alloy Composition (% by weight)
Zn Mg Fe Si Al
Example One 6.06 0.64 1.02 - bal.
2 6.10 1.25 1.04 - bal.
3 6.05 1.59 0.53 - bal.
4 5.92 2.08 0.60 - bal.
5 7.93 0.73 0.93 - bal.
6 8.14 1.62 0.97 - bal.
7 7.90 2.07 0.49 - bal.
8 8.10 2.71 0.56 - bal.
Comparative example 9 0.92 0.21 0.97 10.20 bal.
10 1.95 1.11 0.52 - bal.
11 2.30 1.11 0.53 - bal.
12 9.16 2.22 0.29 - bal.
13 3.97 0.39 0.96 - bal.
구체적으로, 상기 표 1과 같은 조성이 되도록 알루미늄 합금의 원료를 준비한 후, 전기저항식 용해로에 장입하여 대기 중에서 원료를 용해하여 용탕을 제조한 후에, 금형을 이용하여 주조성 평가를 위한 유동성 시험편을 제조하였고 또한 열전도도, 액상 온도 및 고상 온도 등을 측정하기 위한 특성평가용 시험편을 제조하였다.Specifically, after preparing the raw material of the aluminum alloy so as to have the composition as shown in Table 1, charged into an electric resistance melting furnace to dissolve the raw material in the air to produce a molten metal, the flowability test piece for castingability evaluation using a mold In addition, a test piece for characterization for measuring thermal conductivity, liquidus temperature, and solidus temperature was prepared.
본 발명의 실시예에 따른 합금의 주목적 중 하나인 열전도도에 대해서는, 먼저 제조한 시편을 도전율 측정기를 이용하여 상온에서 도전율을 측정한 후, 하기 [식 1]의 환산식으로 환산하는 방식을 통해 열전도도를 얻었다.For the thermal conductivity, which is one of the main objects of the alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention, first, by measuring the conductivity at room temperature using a conductivity meter, and then converted to the conversion formula of the following formula [1] Thermal conductivity was obtained.
[식 1][Equation 1]
K = 5.02σT x 10-9 + 0.03K = 5.02σT x 10 -9 + 0.03
(여기서, K는 열전도도, σ는 도전율, T는 절대온도임)(Where K is thermal conductivity, σ is conductivity, and T is absolute temperature)
또한, 다이캐스팅 주조에 필수적인 주조성 평가를 위해서는, 일반적으로 이 업계에서 널리 알려진 방식으로 수행한 유동장 평가(유동장 평가방법은 합금 용탕을 200℃의 온도로 유지된 도 1과 같은 유동성 시험 금형에 주입하고 합금 용탕이 일정한 거리를 유동한 후에 응고된 길이를 측정하는 것으로, 도 1에서 유동장 시험편 크기는 폭 12㎜, 두께 5㎜, 최대길이 780㎜임)와, 열분석기를 이용하여 액상온도(TL)와 고상온도(TS)의 차이를 측정하는 방식으로 수행하였다.In addition, for the evaluation of castability necessary for die casting casting, flow field evaluation generally performed in a manner well known in the art (flow field evaluation method is performed by injecting alloy molten metal into a fluidity test mold such as FIG. 1 maintained at a temperature of 200 ° C. After measuring the solidified length after the molten alloy flows a certain distance, the flow field specimen size is 12mm in width, 5mm in thickness, the maximum length is 780mm), and liquid phase temperature (T L ) using a thermal analyzer ) And the solidus temperature (T S ) was measured.
하기 표 2는 각 합금의 유동장, 열전도도, 액상온도(TL), 고상온도(TS) 및 그 차이(△T=TL-TS), 인장특성을 평가한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.Table 2 shows the results of evaluating the flow field, the thermal conductivity, the liquidus temperature (T L ), the solidus temperature (T S ) and the difference (ΔT = T L -T S ) and the tensile properties of each alloy.
표 2
합금 유동장(㎜) 열전도도(W/mK) 액상온도(℃) 고상온도(℃) △T(℃) 인장강도(MPa) 항복강도(MPa) 연신율(%)
실시예 1 780 163 649 616 33 254 210 12
2 720 152 646 600 46 307 250 8
3 780 152 640 587 53 280 242 4
4 780 148 640 577 63 256 190 8
5 720 156 638 600 38 293 231 6
6 770 144 643 589 54 285 216 4
7 780 144 639 572 67 242 202 2
8 780 133 637 567 70 290 185 2
비교예 9 780 95 575 501 74 134 120 3
10 - 175 - - - 141 103 30
11 - 171 - - - 151 110 22
12 - 116 - - - 299 230 2
13 - 175 - - - 171 122 20
TABLE 2
alloy Flow field (mm) Thermal Conductivity (W / mK) Liquid Temperature (℃) Solid State Temperature (℃) ΔT (℃) Tensile Strength (MPa) Yield strength (MPa) Elongation (%)
Example One 780 163 649 616 33 254 210 12
2 720 152 646 600 46 307 250 8
3 780 152 640 587 53 280 242 4
4 780 148 640 577 63 256 190 8
5 720 156 638 600 38 293 231 6
6 770 144 643 589 54 285 216 4
7 780 144 639 572 67 242 202 2
8 780 133 637 567 70 290 185 2
Comparative example 9 780 95 575 501 74 134 120 3
10 - 175 - - - 141 103 30
11 - 171 - - - 151 110 22
12 - 116 - - - 299 230 2
13 - 175 - - - 171 122 20
상기 표 2에서 확인되는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예(No. 1~8)에 따른 알루미늄 합금들은 모두 열전도도가 130W/mK 이상으로, 다양한 방열부품에서 요구되는 수준 또는 그 이상의 우수한 열전도도를 가진다.As confirmed in Table 2, the aluminum alloys according to the embodiments of the present invention (No. 1 to 8) are all thermal conductivity of 130W / mK or more, excellent thermal conductivity of the level or more required in various heat dissipation parts Have
또한, 상기 표 2에서 나타낸 유동장과 액상 온도와 고상 온도의 차이(TL-TS)인 △T는 합금의 주조성을 평가할 수 있는 주요한 지표인데, 유동장은 클수록 합금의 유동성이 우수한 것을 의미하며 액상 온도와 고상 온도의 차이인 △T는 작을수록 주조성이 우수한 것을 의미한다.In addition, ΔT, which is the difference between the flow field and the liquidus temperature and the solidus temperature (T L -T S ) shown in Table 2, is an important index for evaluating the castability of the alloy, and the larger the flow field, the better the fluidity of the alloy. DELTA T, which is the difference between the temperature and the solid phase temperature, means that the castability is excellent.
상기 표 2에서 확인되는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 합금들은 유동장은 720 ~ 780mm로, 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금으로 널리 사용되고 있는 Al-Si 합금(ADC 12, 비교예 9)의 유동장 780mm와 비교하여 90% 이상의 유동장을 나타냄을 알 수 있다.As confirmed in Table 2, the aluminum alloys according to the embodiment of the present invention has a flow field of 720 ~ 780mm, and the flow field of 780mm and Al-Si alloy (ADC 12, Comparative Example 9) that is widely used as a die casting aluminum alloy It can be seen that compared to 90% flow field.
또한, 상기 표 2에서 확인되는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 합금들의 액상온도(TL)와 고상온도(TS)의 차이(TL-TS)인 △T는 33~70℃로, 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금으로 널리 사용되고 있는 Al-Si 합금(ADC 12)인 비교예 합금 9의 액상온도(TL)와 고상온도(TS)의 차이인 △T 74℃와 비교하여 낮은 수준이다.In addition, as shown in Table 2, ΔT which is the difference (T L -T S ) between the liquidus temperature (T L ) and the solidus temperature (T S ) of the aluminum alloys according to an embodiment of the present invention is 33 ~ 70 The lower level compared to ΔT 74 ° C, which is the difference between the liquidus temperature (T L ) and the solidus temperature (T S ) of Comparative Example Alloy 9, which is an Al-Si alloy (ADC 12) widely used as an aluminum alloy for die casting. to be.
다시 말해, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 합금은 종래 다이캐스팅에서 널리 사용되는 Al-Si 합금과 동등한 수준의 주조성을 갖는다.In other words, the aluminum alloy according to the embodiment of the present invention has a castability equivalent to that of the Al-Si alloy widely used in conventional die casting.
또한, 상기 표 2에서 확인되는 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예 1~8에 따른 합금들의 인장강도는 240MPa 이상으로서, 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금으로 널리 사용되고 있는 기존의 Al-Si 합금(ADC 12, 비교예 합금 9)에 비해서 우수한 인장강도를 가지고 있다. In addition, as confirmed in Table 2, the tensile strength of the alloys according to Examples 1 to 8 of the present invention is 240MPa or more, a conventional Al-Si alloy (ADC 12, Comparative Example) widely used as an aluminum alloy for die casting It has better tensile strength than alloy 9).
비교예 합금 10 및 비교예 합금 11은 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해, 아연 함량이 각각 1.95중량% 및 2.30중량%로 낮은데, 그 결과 열전도도는 170W/mK 이상이지만 인장강도는 각각 141MPa 및 151MPa로서, 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해 인장강도가 상대적으로 낮다.Comparative Alloy 10 and Comparative Alloy 11 had a zinc content of 1.95% by weight and 2.30% by weight, respectively, compared to the embodiments of the present invention. As a result, the thermal conductivity was 170 W / mK or higher but the tensile strength was 141 MPa and 151 MPa, respectively. As a result, the tensile strength is relatively low compared to the embodiments of the present invention.
또한, 비교예 합금 12는 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해 아연 함량이 9.16중량%로 높은데, 그 결과 열전도도가 116W/mK로 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해 열전도도가 상대적으로 낮아, 높은 효율의 방열특성이 요구되는 부품에 적용하기에는 무리가 있다.In addition, Comparative Example Alloy 12 has a higher zinc content of 9.16% by weight compared to the embodiments of the present invention. As a result, the thermal conductivity is 116 W / mK. It is unreasonable to apply to parts requiring heat dissipation.
또한, 비교예 합금 13은 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해, 아연 함량이 3.97중량%, 마그네슘 함량이 0.39중량%로 낮은데, 그 결과 열전도도는 175W/mK로 상대적으로 높지만, 인장강도는 각각 171MPa로서 본 발명의 실시예들에 비해 인장강도가 상대적으로 낮다.In addition, Comparative Example 13 alloy has a low zinc content of 3.97% by weight and a magnesium content of 0.39% by weight compared to the embodiments of the present invention. As a result, the thermal conductivity is relatively high at 175 W / mK, but the tensile strength is 171 MPa, respectively. As compared to the embodiments of the present invention, the tensile strength is relatively low.
이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 알루미늄 합금은 다이캐스팅을 할 수 있는 정도의 주조성과 함께 부품에 요구되는 일정한 수준의 인장 강도와 우수한 열전도 특성이 요구되는 방열부품용 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 재료로 적합하게 사용될 수 있다.As described above, the aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention is a die-casting aluminum material for heat dissipation parts that requires a certain level of tensile strength and excellent thermal conductivity properties required for parts with a castability capable of die casting. May be suitably used.

Claims (6)

  1. 아연(Zn) 5.5~8.5중량%, 마그네슘(Mg) 0.5~3.0중량% 및 철(Fe) 0.45~1.5중량%를 포함하고, 나머지는 알루미늄(Al)과 불가피한 불순물로 이루어진 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.Die-casting aluminum alloy containing 5.5 to 8.5% by weight of zinc (Zn), 0.5 to 3.0% by weight of magnesium (Mg) and 0.45 to 1.5% by weight of iron (Fe), with the remainder being aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 아연(Zn)의 함량은 5.5~8.0중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.The zinc (Zn) is an aluminum alloy for die casting, characterized in that 5.5 to 8.0% by weight.
  3. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 마그네슘(Mg)의 함량은 0.7~2.0중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.The magnesium (Mg) content is die casting aluminum alloy, characterized in that 0.7 to 2.0% by weight.
  4. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 철(Fe)의 함량은 0.5~1.1중량%인 것을 특징으로 하는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.The content of the iron (Fe) is die casting aluminum alloy, characterized in that 0.5% by weight.
  5. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 알루미늄 합금의 열전도도는 130W/mK 이상이고 인장강도는 230MPa 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.The aluminum alloy has a thermal conductivity of 130 W / mK or more and a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more.
  6. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 알루미늄 합금의 액상온도(TL)와 고상온도(TS)의 차이는 70℃ 이하인 것을 특징으로 하는 다이캐스팅용 알루미늄 합금.The difference between the liquidus temperature (T L ) and the solidus temperature (T S ) of the aluminum alloy is 70 ℃ or less die casting aluminum alloy.
PCT/KR2013/007480 2012-08-21 2013-08-21 Al-zn alloy for die casting, simultaneously showing high strength and high thermal conductivity WO2014030915A1 (en)

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