WO2014007342A1 - 繊維強化複合材料-金属部材接合体の製造方法、およびそれに用いる繊維強化複合材料 - Google Patents
繊維強化複合材料-金属部材接合体の製造方法、およびそれに用いる繊維強化複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014007342A1 WO2014007342A1 PCT/JP2013/068407 JP2013068407W WO2014007342A1 WO 2014007342 A1 WO2014007342 A1 WO 2014007342A1 JP 2013068407 W JP2013068407 W JP 2013068407W WO 2014007342 A1 WO2014007342 A1 WO 2014007342A1
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- composite material
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- reinforced composite
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- metal member
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a joined body obtained by joining a composite material in which a thermoplastic resin is reinforced with fibers and a metal member, and a fiber-reinforced composite material used therefor.
- thermoplastic composite material in which a thermoplastic resin is used as a matrix and is reinforced with carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or other reinforcing fibers has a specific strength and specific rigidity.
- thermoplastic composite material in which a thermoplastic resin is used as a matrix and is reinforced with carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or other reinforcing fibers has a specific strength and specific rigidity.
- thermoplastic resin itself used as a matrix in the composite material is firmly fused (adhered) to the metal surface.
- Patent Document 1 describes that aluminum and the resin can be joined by an anchor effect by injection-molding the resin on an aluminum material having a fine porous surface.
- Patent Documents 2 to 4 describe methods for improving the bondability between a resin and a metal by forming an organic coating layer by treating the metal surface with a triazine thiol derivative or the like.
- thermoplastic composite materials easily change shape when heat is applied, and therefore have the advantage that injection or press molding can be performed in a very short time compared to thermosetting composite materials using thermosetting resin as a matrix. Therefore, if the thermoplastic composite material can be easily joined to the metal surface by thermocompression bonding in the mold at the same time as molding or immediately after molding, the joined body of the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member (hereinafter referred to as “the joined body”) , Sometimes referred to as “thermoplastic composite-metal member assembly”).
- Patent Document 1 the method described in Patent Document 1 is practically limited to injection molding, and is difficult to apply to metals other than aluminum.
- the composite material is in a state where the thermoplastic resin has oozed into the reinforcing fiber bundle.
- the resin does not necessarily exist homogeneously on the surface of the material, and because there is a “deficient” portion of the resin, sufficient bonding strength does not appear or the bonding strength varies greatly.
- the reinforcing fiber is a carbon fiber, it causes a so-called electric corrosion on the metal, and therefore there is a possibility that the metal is corroded by directly touching the metal in a portion where the resin is deficient.
- thermoplastic composite material since the reinforcing material is included in the composite material, it is inevitable that fine irregularities exist on the surface of the composite material. It is difficult to firmly bond to the metal surface.
- Patent Document 5 when joining a thermoplastic composite material and a metal member, a layer containing a triazine thiol derivative is formed on the metal surface, A thermoplastic resin layer such as a thermoplastic resin film is placed between the thermoplastic composite material, and the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member are firmly and stably joined by heating and melting the thermoplastic resin layer. A method has been proposed.
- thermoplastic composite material is joined to the surface of a metal member having undulations or steps on the surface.
- a thermoplastic composite material is joined to the surface of a metal member having undulations or steps on the surface.
- it is not easy to install the thermoplastic resin layer so as to accurately follow the undulations or steps on the surface of the metal member, so that strong and effective bonding may be difficult.
- there is a problem in productivity because an operation for installing a thermoplastic resin layer between the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member is required.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems found in the conventional methods and to obtain a joined body in which the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member are firmly joined, that is, a thermoplastic composite material-metal member joined body. It is to provide a method for manufacturing with high productivity.
- the present inventors formed a convex portion containing a thermoplastic resin on the surface, and joined the convex portion of the thermoplastic composite material to the convex portion.
- the surface of the metal member preferably the surface of the metal member having a coating layer of an organic compound having a polar functional group, is contacted (preferably pressed), and in this state, the thermoplastic resin of the convex portion is heated.
- the inventors have found that the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member can be stably and firmly joined by melting and welding to the surface of the metal member, and the present invention has been achieved.
- the thermoplastic composite-metal member assembly is produced by the following methods (1) to (10). Moreover, it can manufacture using the fiber reinforced composite material of following (11).
- (1) A method of manufacturing a joined body of a fiber reinforced composite material including a reinforcing fiber and having a thermoplastic resin matrix and a metal member, Melting the thermoplastic resin of the convex portion on the surface of the fiber reinforced composite material in a state where the convex portion of the fiber reinforced composite material having a convex portion containing a thermoplastic resin is in contact with the surface of the metal member.
- the manufacturing method of the joined body characterized by joining a fiber reinforced composite material and a metal member.
- Manufacturing method. (9)
- the fiber reinforced composite material is a composite material obtained by impregnating a random mat containing reinforcing fibers with a matrix thermoplastic resin, wherein the average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers in the fiber reinforced composite material is 3 to 100 mm, and the reinforcing fiber is 100 weights.
- the ratio of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) composed of the number of critical single yarns or more defined by the following formula (a) in the random mat to the total amount of reinforcing fibers in the random mat is 20 to 99 Vol%, and the reinforcing fiber bundle (A ) In which the average number of fibers (N) satisfies the following formula (b).
- thermoplastic composite material and a metal member can be firmly and stably joined by a simple method without disposing a thermoplastic resin layer such as a thermoplastic resin film between them. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a thermoplastic composite material-metal member assembly having good productivity and good joint strength. Furthermore, since the thermoplastic resin of the convex part formed on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material is melted and welded to the surface of the metal member, there is almost no reinforcing fiber at the joint portion between the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member. Even when the reinforcing fiber is a carbon fiber, the electric corrosion caused by the carbon fiber can be prevented or suppressed. Further, even when a thermoplastic composite material is to be joined to the surface of a metal member having undulations or steps on the surface, strong and effective joining is possible.
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a joined body in which a thermoplastic composite material having a thermoplastic resin matrix and a metal member are integrally joined, and a convex portion containing a thermoplastic resin is formed on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material.
- thermoplastic composite material a thermoplastic composite material, a convex portion of the surface of the thermoplastic composite material for joining, a metal member, and a thermoplastic composite material targeted by the method of the present invention-
- the method for producing the metal member assembly will be specifically described sequentially.
- thermoplastic composite material used in the present invention is a fiber reinforced composite material containing reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin as a matrix.
- the thermoplastic composite material in the present invention is preferably in the form of a sheet. That is, a sheet-like material in which a reinforced fiber or a structure made of woven or knitted fabric or mat (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “reinforced fiber structure”) and a thermoplastic resin are integrated is preferably used.
- the shape of the thermoplastic composite material in this invention is not specifically limited.
- the shape of the thermoplastic composite material may be a sheet shape as described above, and is not limited to a sheet shape, and may be a plate shape.
- the shape of the thermoplastic composite material may have a curved surface portion. Further, the shape of the thermoplastic composite material may be a T-shaped, L-shaped, U-shaped, hat-shaped cross section, or a three-dimensional shape including these.
- the manufacturing method of the joined body shown in the present invention can be applied to the material. In any case, it is preferable that the joining location of the thermoplastic composite material and the shape of the joining location of the corresponding metal member are substantially matched to each other.
- reinforcing fiber and its structure As the reinforcing fiber contained in the thermoplastic composite material, one or more of carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber and the like are preferably used, and PAN-based or pitch-based carbon fiber is particularly preferable.
- the form of the reinforcing fiber is not particularly limited, and may be continuous fiber or discontinuous fiber.
- continuous fiber it may be a woven fabric or a so-called UD sheet in which continuous fibers are arranged in one direction to form a sheet.
- a UD sheet it is also possible to use a laminate in which multiple layers are laminated (for example, alternately laminated in an orthogonal direction) so that the fiber arrangement directions of the layers intersect each other.
- the average fiber diameter of continuous fibers is usually suitably 5 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the reinforcing fibers may be made into a sheet by wet papermaking, or the discontinuous reinforcing fibers may be arranged so as to be dispersed and overlapped to form a mat.
- the average fiber diameter is preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m in the case of carbon fibers.
- the average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is preferably 3 to 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 100 mm, and particularly preferably 12 to 50 mm.
- the average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers contained in the mat is important, and when the average fiber length is shorter than the above range, when the convex portion is formed by the method described later, the reinforcement included in the convex portion Since the ratio of the fibers tends to increase, there are cases where sufficient bonding strength cannot be obtained even if the fibers melt and are fused to the surface of the metal member. In contrast, by using a fiber having an average fiber length within the above range, the reinforcing fibers inherent in the convex portions are drastically reduced, and the convex portions contain almost no fibers, so that a good bonding strength can be realized. .
- the thermoplastic composite material includes a structure formed of discontinuous reinforcing fibers as a base material.
- the reinforcing fiber structure is preferably a random mat in which discontinuous reinforcing fibers are substantially two-dimensionally oriented.
- substantially two-dimensionally oriented means that the reinforcing fibers are randomly oriented in the in-plane direction of the mat, not in a specific direction such as one direction, and in a specific direction as a whole.
- a preferred thermoplastic composite material in the present invention is a composite material based on a substantially isotropic random mat having no in-plane anisotropy.
- all or most of the reinforcing fibers may be present in a state of being opened in a single yarn shape, but a fiber bundle in which a certain number or more of single yarns are converged and a fiber bundle in a state where the single yarn or a state close thereto is present.
- An isotropic random mat mixed at a predetermined ratio is particularly preferable.
- Such an isotropic random mat and a manufacturing method thereof are described in detail in specifications such as PCT / JP2011 / 70314 (International Publication No. 2012/105080) and Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-188768 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-049208). Are listed.
- the preferred two-dimensional isotropic random mat described above includes a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) composed of the number of critical single yarns defined by the following formula (a) and a reinforcing fiber bundle (B 1 ) of less than the critical single yarn number. And / or an isotropic random mat in which reinforcing fiber single yarn (B 2 ) is mixed, and the ratio of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) in the isotropic random mat to the total amount of fibers is preferably 20 to 99 Vol%, More preferably, it is 30 to 90 Vol%, and the average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) satisfies the following formula (b).
- Critical number of single yarns 600 / D (a) 0.6 ⁇ 10 4 / D 2 ⁇ N ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 5 / D 2 (b) (Here, D is the average fiber diameter ( ⁇ m) of the reinforcing fibers.)
- the composite material using such a random mat has an advantage that it is easy to form convex portions on the surface thereof.
- the convex portion when the convex portion is formed on the surface of the composite material by the method described later, the proportion of the reinforcing fiber in the convex portion is remarkably small. Since the convex portion can be formed, as a result, a stronger bonded state can be realized also in the bonding between the composite material and the metal member.
- Such a two-dimensional isotropic random mat has, for example, a plurality of narrow widths of 0.05 to 5 mm by slitting strands composed of a plurality of reinforcing fibers continuously as necessary along the fiber length direction. After forming a strand, the fiber is continuously cut to form a discontinuous fiber bundle having an average fiber length of 3 to 100 mm, particularly 10 to 100 mm, and the fiber bundle obtained by cutting in this way is blown to open a fiber.
- a mat can be obtained by depositing in layers on a breathable conveyor net or the like.
- thermoplastic resin in the form of granules or short fibers is deposited on the breathable conveyor net together with the reinforcing fibers, or the molten thermoplastic resin is supplied to the mat-like reinforcing fiber layer as a film and penetrated.
- An isotropic random mat including a thermoplastic resin can also be produced.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) in which the number of the reinforcing single fiber bundles is equal to or greater than the critical single yarn number defined by the above formula (a) and the reinforcing fiber bundle having less than the critical single yarn number are concentrated.
- the ratio of reinforcing fiber bundle (A) to the total amount of reinforcing fibers in the isotropic random mat is preferably 20 to 99 Vol% More preferably 30 to 90% by volume, particularly preferably 50 to 90% by volume, and an isotropic random mat in which the average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) satisfies the above formula (b). It is good.
- the size of the fiber bundle used in the cutting step for example, the width of the bundle, It can be controlled by adjusting the number of fibers per width. Specifically, there are a method of expanding the width of the fiber bundle by opening the fiber and using it for the cutting process, and a method of providing a slit process before the cutting process. Moreover, you may slit a fiber bundle simultaneously with cutting.
- the two-dimensional isotropic random mat has a reinforcing fiber bundle (A) having a basis weight of reinforcing fibers in the range of 25 to 4500 g / m 2 and having a critical single yarn number or more as defined by the above formula (a). ),
- the ratio of the total amount of reinforcing fibers is in the above range, and the average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) satisfies the above formula (b).
- the balance becomes good, and such a thermoplastic composite material provides a bonded body with a metal member having a good bonding strength.
- the manufacturing method of such a random mat it describes also in international publication 2012/105080, and can refer suitably also in this invention.
- the discontinuous reinforcing fibers are not oriented in a specific direction in the plane, but are dispersed in a random direction. That is, such a thermoplastic composite material is an in-plane isotropic material.
- the isotropy of the reinforcing fibers in the thermoplastic composite material is maintained in the molded body.
- An isotropic property of the composite material can be quantitatively evaluated by obtaining a molded body from the thermoplastic composite material and obtaining a ratio of tensile modulus in two directions orthogonal to each other.
- the discontinuous reinforcing fibers that make up the thermoplastic composite material obtained from such an isotropic random mat can exhibit a sufficient reinforcing function by including a long reinforcing fiber to some extent, and are reinforced on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material. Since the convex part with little fiber content can be formed, it is preferable.
- the length of the reinforcing fiber in the thermoplastic composite material is expressed by the average fiber length of the reinforcing fiber in the obtained thermoplastic composite material.
- a method for measuring the average fiber length for example, a method is used in which the fiber length of 100 reinforcing fibers extracted at random is measured to the 1 mm unit with calipers or the like, and the average is obtained.
- the preferred average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is 3 to 100 mm, more preferably 10 to 100 mm.
- the random mat may be composed of reinforcing fibers having a single fiber length, or reinforcing fibers having different fiber lengths may be mixed.
- the average fiber diameter of the reinforcing fibers is preferably 5 to 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 5 to 12 ⁇ m.
- the adhesion strength between the reinforcing fiber and the thermoplastic thermoplastic resin is preferably 5 MPa or more in the strand tensile shear test. In addition to the selection of the matrix resin, this strength is a method of changing the surface oxygen concentration ratio (O / C) of the reinforcing fiber, or a method of increasing the adhesion strength between the fiber and the matrix resin by applying a sizing agent to the reinforcing fiber. Can be improved.
- the critical single yarn number defined by the above formula (a) is 86 to 120.
- the average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is in the range of more than 240 to less than 4000, and in particular, it is 300 to 2500. preferable. More preferably, it is 400 to 1600.
- the average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is in the range of more than 122 to less than 2040, and in particular, 150 to 1500. The number is preferably 200 to 800.
- the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) is preferably thin, and the proportion of reinforcing fiber bundles having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m or more is preferably less than 3% of the total number of reinforcing fiber bundles (A). If the reinforcing fiber bundle having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m or more is less than 3%, it is preferable because the thermoplastic resin is easily impregnated into the fiber bundle. More preferably, the proportion of the reinforcing fiber bundle having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m or more is less than 1%.
- nylon polycarbonate, polyoxymethylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene ether, modified polyphenylene ether, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, or a copolymer mainly composed of these.
- a polymer, AS resin, ABS resin and the like are preferable.
- Nylon includes PA6 (also referred to as polycaproamide, polycaprolactam, poly ⁇ -caprolactam), PA26 (polyethyleneadipamide), PA46 (polytetramethylene).
- PA66 polyhexamethylene adipamide
- PA69 polyhexamethyleneazepamide
- PA610 polyhexamethylene sebamide
- PA611 polyhexamethylene undecamide
- PA612 polyhexamethylene
- Dodecanamide PA11 (polyundecanamide)
- PA12 polydodecanamide
- PA1212 polydodecanethylenedodecanamide
- PA6T polyhexamethylene terephthalamide
- PA6I polyhexamethyleneisophthalamide
- PA912 polyno Methylene dodecamide
- PA1012 polydecamethylene dodecamide
- PA9T polynonamethylene terephthalamide
- PA9I polynonamethylene isophthalamide
- PA10T polydecamethylene terephthalamide
- PA10I polydecamethylene isophthalamide
- PA11T polyundecamethylene terephthalamide
- PA11I PA11I
- thermoplastic composite material A UD sheet in which continuous fibers are unidirectionally arranged, or a paper sheet made of discontinuous fibers, a random mat, etc., each containing a thermoplastic resin, heated and pressed in a single layer or a plurality of layers, and those sheets or mats
- a thermoplastic composite material having a thermoplastic resin as a matrix is obtained by melting the thermoplastic resin present therein and impregnating between the fibers.
- the thermoplastic resin in this case may be supplied during the production of the reinforcing fiber sheet or mat, and after the production of the reinforcing fiber sheet or mat, the thermoplastic resin layer is laminated and heated and pressed to form a sheet or mat.
- a resin may be impregnated in the mat.
- the content of the matrix resin in the thermoplastic composite material is preferably 30 to 200 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers. More preferably, it is 30 to 150 parts by weight of the matrix resin with respect to 100 parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers, and further preferably 35 to 100 parts by weight of the matrix resin with respect to 100 parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers. If the thermoplastic resin is 30 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers, it is preferable that dry reinforcing fibers not covered with the thermoplastic resin are hardly generated. Further, if it is 200 parts by weight or less, the reinforcing fiber is not decreased and is suitable as a structural material, which is preferable.
- the thickness of the thermoplastic composite material is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 10 mm, considering the moldability, particularly the moldability with the mold, and the thickness of 1 to 5 mm is particularly suitable. . Moreover, two or more of such composite materials can be laminated and used.
- thermoplastic composite material used in the present invention various fibrous or non-fibrous fillers of organic fibers or inorganic fibers, flame retardants, UV-resistant agents, stabilizers, and the like within the range not impairing the object of the present invention.
- Additives such as mold release agents, pigments, softeners, plasticizers, and surfactants may be included.
- thermoplastic composite material injection is performed using long fiber pellets, that is, pellets obtained by cutting after melted thermoplastic resin is adjusted to a predetermined viscosity and impregnated into continuous fibrous reinforcing fibers. It may be molded into a predetermined shape with a molding machine, or may be a thermoplastic composite material in which a thermoplastic resin is melt-impregnated into a unidirectionally arranged sheet (UD sheet) in which strands of continuous fibers are aligned in parallel, A thermoplastic composite material in which the above-described two-dimensional isotropic random mat is melt-impregnated with a thermoplastic resin is particularly preferable.
- a suitable thermoplastic composite material used in the present invention is an average fiber length of 3 to 100 mm, preferably 10 to 100 mm, especially 15 to 80 mm, and 30 to 200 weights per 100 parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers.
- a composite material comprising a proportion of thermoplastic resin, the composite material comprising: (I) a sheet having a thickness of 0.5 to 5 mm, (Ii) The reinforcing fibers are randomly arranged in the in-plane direction, (Iii) the overall basis weight is in the range of 25-4500 g / m 2 ; (Iv) The ratio of the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) composed of the number of critical single yarns or more defined by the following formula (a) with respect to all reinforcing fibers is 50 to 90 Vol%, (V) The average number of fibers (N) in the reinforcing fiber bundle (A) satisfies the following formula (c).
- Critical number of single yarns 600 / D (a) 0.7 ⁇ 10 4 / D 2 ⁇ N ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 5 / D 2 (c) (Here, D is the average fiber diameter ( ⁇ m) of the reinforcing fibers) Things.
- thermoplastic composite material having a convex portion containing a thermoplastic resin on the surface to be joined to the metal member is used.
- at least one convex portion mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin is formed in advance on the surface to be joined to the metal member in the thermoplastic composite material. It is preferable to do.
- the thermoplastic resin contained in each convex portion is preferably the same type of resin as the matrix of the thermoplastic composite material.
- the volume content of the thermoplastic resin in the convex portion is preferably 50% or more, particularly preferably 70% or more. If the volume content of the thermoplastic resin in the convex portion is 50% or more, the amount of reinforcing fibers contained in the convex portion is small, and therefore, the bonding strength between the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member is sufficient by melting this. Become.
- the thermoplastic resin content in the convex part is preferably 50 to 100% by weight, more preferably 70 to 100% by weight, and still more preferably 85 to 100% by weight.
- each convex portion may be any shape such as a hemisphere, a cylinder, a cone, a truncated cone, a prism, a pyramid, a truncated pyramid, a geometric pattern, a pattern, or an equivalent shape, or one or more. It may be a hook-like projection of a book. In the case of forming a plurality of hook-shaped convex portions, a plurality of hook-shaped protrusions may be provided so as to cross each other, for example, a lattice-like hook may be used.
- the tip of each convex portion may be sharp, but it is not always necessary to be sharp.
- each convex part may be the same, what differs in a shape may coexist.
- the convex portions may be a single character or a set of characters constituting a character or a numerical shape.
- Examples of the shape of the convex portion include alphabets, kana, Arabic characters, Korean characters, pictograms (for example, *, ⁇ , $,!, &, #, @,?, ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , >, Hollow shape (ring (ring), etc.) and the like.
- Examples of the shape when the convex portion is a number include 0 to 9, Chinese numerals, and Roman numerals. Letters and numbers may be used alone or in combination. A preferred specific example is “Teijin”.
- each convex part may differ with places.
- a plurality of convex portions they may be regularly arranged or irregularly present.
- the height of the convex portion is preferably 1 to 55%, more preferably 5 to 50%, with respect to the thickness of the portion having no convex portion of the thermoplastic composite material.
- the height of the convex portion is preferably 0.1 to 5 mm, and more preferably 0.2 to 2 mm.
- the average value of each height exists in this range.
- the height of the convex portion is excessive, a large amount of the convex portion forming resin becomes burrs and protrudes around the joint portion when the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member are joined, so that post-treatment of the joined body becomes complicated. Moreover, if the height of the convex portion is insufficient, the amount of resin for welding and bonding may be insufficient, and the bonding strength may be insufficient.
- the average diameter of the bottom part (root) of the convex part is preferably 0.5 to 100 mm.
- the average length of one side of the bottom of the convex portion is preferably 0.5 to 100 mm.
- the average width is preferably 0.5 to 100 mm.
- each convex portion is smaller than the average fiber length of the reinforcing fibers, the convex portions that hardly contain reinforcing fibers are formed even when the convex portions are formed by the molding method described later. Since a part can be formed, it is preferable.
- the convex portions are arranged on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material at an average interval of 0.6 to 110 mm.
- the “interval” here is an average distance between the centers of adjacent convex portions.
- the position where the convex portion on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material is formed is a place where the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member are to be joined, and the number of the convex portions is appropriately selected according to the joining area, but the convex portion to be welded at one time is selected.
- the total area of the bottoms (bases) of the parts is preferably about 0.8 to 20 m 2 .
- the density is 1 to 20 per 1 cm 2 of area to be bonded to the metal member in the thermoplastic composite material.
- the density is 1 to 20 per 1 cm 2 of area to be bonded to the metal member in the thermoplastic composite material.
- the density is 1 to 20 per 1 cm 2 of area to be bonded to the metal member in the thermoplastic composite material.
- the ratio of the total area occupied by the convex bottom to the surface area of the joint with the metal member is preferably 1 to 80%, more preferably 1 to 60%, and still more preferably 5 to 50%. It is. If the ratio of the total area of the convex bottom is 1% or more, the bonding strength is preferably increased. On the other hand, if it is 80% or less, it is preferable because excess resin hardly becomes burrs at the time of joining.
- the convex portions on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material can be formed simultaneously with the molding of the thermoplastic composite material, or can be carried out by providing the convex portions on the surface of the flat thermoplastic composite material by means such as spraying. However, it is preferable to form it simultaneously with the molding.
- the specific method for example, the following method can be adopted. 1) A method in which a thermoplastic composite material is placed in a mold having a concave portion and molded by heating and pressing. 2) A method of embossing a thermoplastic composite material with a roller having a recess on the surface.
- the method 1) when a composite material material so-called dry sheet impregnated with a thermoplastic resin is pressure-formed into a certain shape, a predetermined convex portion is simultaneously formed. Since it is possible, it is industrially advantageous.
- the method 2) has an advantage that a predetermined convex portion can be formed continuously.
- convex portions having a relatively small content of reinforcing fibers are formed on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material.
- the resin content in each convex portion is the resin of the original thermoplastic composite material. It becomes larger than the content rate.
- thermoplastic resin 50% or more, preferably 70 to 100%.
- a convex portion of 100% thermoplastic resin is inevitably formed.
- the thermoplastic resin contained in the convex portion is preferably the same type of resin as the matrix resin of the thermoplastic composite material. According to the above methods 1) and 2), the thermoplastic resin contained in the convex portion is naturally the same as the matrix resin of the thermoplastic composite material. However, even when the convex portion is formed by other means, both are used. By using the same kind of resin, good bonding strength can be realized.
- thermoplastic composite material suitable for the method of the present invention is a fiber reinforced composite material containing a reinforcing fiber and having a thermoplastic resin as a matrix, and has a joint portion to be joined to another member such as a metal member. And it is a fiber reinforced composite material which has the convex part containing a thermoplastic resin on the surface of the said junction part.
- Metal member examples of the metal member to be bonded to the thermoplastic composite material in the present invention include metals such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, brass, nickel, and zinc, or alloys thereof. It is preferable that the element constituting the metal is mainly iron or aluminum. Here, “mainly” means occupying 90% by weight or more.
- steels such as general structural rolled steel (SS material), cold rolled steel (SPCC material), high-tensile material (high-tensile steel material), stainless steels such as SUS304 and SUS316, 1000-700 series aluminum and alloys thereof
- SS material general structural rolled steel
- SPCC material cold rolled steel
- high-tensile material high-tensile steel material
- stainless steels such as SUS304 and SUS316, 1000-700 series aluminum and alloys thereof
- these metal members may be made of two or more kinds of metals, or may have a metal plating on the surface.
- the shape is not limited to a flat plate shape as long as a bonding surface with the thermoplastic composite material is secured, and any shape can be used.
- a metal member having a cross-section or a cylindrical shape such as an L-shape, T-shape, H-shape, U-shape, or hemi-shape may be used, or a surface having a step, undulation, unevenness, curved surface, etc. Good.
- a thermoplastic composite material it is possible to firmly join a thermoplastic composite material to a metal member having such a complicated shape without a gap.
- a coating layer of an organic compound having a polar functional group that imparts and improves bondability on the surface of a metal member to be bonded to the thermoplastic composite material it is preferable to form a coating layer of an organic compound having a polar functional group that imparts and improves bondability on the surface of a metal member to be bonded to the thermoplastic composite material, and use it for bonding.
- the coating layer is preferably formed by treating the surface of the metal member with a solution containing an organic compound having a polar functional group.
- a suitable organic compound having a polar functional group is a triazine thiol derivative described later.
- the coating layer is preferably formed on the entire surface of the metal member to be joined to the thermoplastic composite material, but it is not always necessary to cover the entire surface.
- the thickness of the coating layer may be a location and thickness that can ensure sufficient bonding strength (adhesiveness).
- Preferred examples of the triazine thiol derivative that forms a suitable coating layer include a dehydrated silanol-containing triazine thiol derivative that can be expected to be chemically bonded to a metal, or an alkoxysilane-containing triazine thiol derivative.
- the alkoxysilane-containing triazine thiol derivative is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (1) and (2) and compounds represented by the following general formula (3). .
- R 3 is — (CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 CHOCONHCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 — or — (CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 N—CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 —, in which case N, R 3 and Becomes a ring structure.
- X in the formula is, CH 3 -, C 2 H 5 -, n-C 3 H 7 -, i-C 3 H 7 -, n-C 4 H 9 -, i-C 4 H 9 -, t- C 4 H 9 —, C 6 H 5 —
- Y is CH 3 O—, C 2 H 5 O—, n—C 3 H 7 O—, i—C 3 H 7 O—, n-C 4 H 9 O-, i-C 4 H 9 O-, t-C 4 H 9 O-, or C 6 H 5 O-.
- n is an integer of 1 to 3
- M is —H or an alkali metal.
- R 4 represents —S—, —O—, —NHCH 2 C 6 H 4 O—, —NHC 6 H 4 O—, —NHC 6 H 3 (Cl) O—, —NHCH 2 C 6 H 3 (NO 2 ) O—, —NHC 6 H 3 (NO 2 ) O—, —NHC 6 H 3 (CN) O—, —NHC 6 H 2 (NO 2 ) 2 O—, —NHC 6 H 3 (COOCH 3 ) O—, —NHC 10 H 6 O—, —NHC 10 H 5 (NO 2 ) O—, —NHC 10 H 4 (NO 2 ) 2 O—, —NHC 6 H 4 S—, —NHC 6 H 3 (Cl) S—, —NHCH 2 C 6 H 3 (NO 2 ) S—, —NHC 6 H 3 (NO 2 ) S—, —NHC 6 H 3 (CN) S— , —NHC 6 H 2 (NO 2 )
- the alkali metal is at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and cesium.
- the method described in International Publication No. 2009/157445 pamphlet specifically, alkoxysilane-containing triazine thiol, immersed in an aqueous ethanol solution, then pulled up and subjected to heat treatment, reaction The method of completion and drying is mentioned.
- the triazine thiol derivative-containing layer may contain a substance other than the triazine thiol derivative as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.
- the coating layer is preferably the above-described triazine thiol derivative-containing layer, but other organic compounds having the same function as this, for example, silane coupling agents, polar functional groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups
- metal compound layer in the present invention, it further includes a metal compound layer such as hydroxide, carboxylate, phosphate, sulfate, etc. between the coating layer of the organic compound having a polar functional group and the surface of the metal member. This is preferable for improving the bonding strength.
- a metal compound layer there is a method described in the pamphlet of International Publication No. 2009/157445. For example, a metal member to be bonded to a thermoplastic composite material is immersed in an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid or the like. Or a method of applying or spraying on the surfaces of the metal members to be joined. Therefore, in this invention, after processing a metal member with such a metal compound, it is preferable to form the coating layer of said organic compound on the surface.
- thermoplastic composite material having at least one convex portion containing a thermoplastic resin on the surface is formed with the convex portion.
- Laminate so that the surface is in contact with the surface to be joined to the metal member, and melt the thermoplastic resin of the convex portion by heating, so that the resin forming the convex portion formed on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material is applied to the surface of the metal member. It welds and the target joined body is obtained. At this time, it is preferable to pressurize along the joining direction together with the melting of the thermoplastic resin of the convex portion.
- thermoplastic composite material having a convex portion and the metal member are in contact with each other (preferably in a close contact state), A method of melting the thermoplastic resin constituting the convex portion of the surface of the thermoplastic composite material by heat generated by mechanical vibration, ultrasonic waves, high frequency, etc., (B) The surface of the metal member is previously heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the thermoplastic resin constituting the convex portion, and the side having the convex portion of the thermoplastic composite material is laminated on the heated metal member.
- a method of heating and melting the thermoplastic resin constituting the convex portion of the surface of the thermoplastic composite material by heat transfer from the metal member, Etc. can be adopted.
- a pressure of 0.01 to 2 MPa is more preferably 0.02 to 1.5 MPa, further preferably 0.05 to 1 MPa. If the pressure is 0.01 MPa or more, good bonding strength can be easily obtained, and the strength of the material can be increased because the thermoplastic composite material does not spring back during heating and can retain its shape. Moreover, if a pressure is 2 Mpa or less, a pressurization part will not be crushed, shape maintenance is easy, and raw material intensity
- thermoplastic composite material having a thermoplastic resin as a matrix and a metal member are joined to each other by the melting of the convex thermoplastic resin by heating, a metal composite molded body having a fixed shape is produced. If the metal member and the surface of the thermoplastic composite material are placed in the mold so that the convex portions on the surface are in contact with each other and are heated under pressure, the metal member and the metal member are joined in the same process as the molding of the thermoplastic composite material. Is completed, the metal member and the thermoplastic composite material can be quickly joined. For this reason, it is an industrially superior method compared to the case of using a composite material having a conventional thermosetting resin as a matrix. Moreover, it is also possible to simultaneously perform molding of a product from a thermoplastic composite material and a metal member.
- the joint surface between the thermoplastic composite material and the metal member is not limited to a flat surface, and may be a curved surface or a surface having irregularities. In the present invention, even if there is a slight gap between the thermoplastic composite material to be joined and the metal member, the molten thermoplastic resin is filled between them, so that the joining can be performed without any problem.
- thermoplastic composite material-metal member joined body a joined body in which a thermoplastic composite material and a metal member are firmly joined, or a metal composite molded body in which this is molded into a predetermined shape, can be produced. Good and can be manufactured in a short time.
- the joint strength between the metal of the joined body and the thermoplastic composite material can be evaluated by a tensile test, but according to the present invention, the joint strength between the two is at least 5 MPa, and in some cases, a joint strength of about 50 MPa can be realized. It is. Therefore, the joined body and metal composite molded body obtained in the present invention can be suitably used as a structural member that requires strength.
- Such a structural member examples include parts and structural materials that constitute a moving body such as an automobile, an aircraft, a railway vehicle, and a ship. It is also useful as a structural material for electrical and electronic equipment, sports equipment, mechanical equipment, building materials, furniture and the like.
- a structural material for electrical and electronic equipment, sports equipment, mechanical equipment, building materials, furniture and the like.
- the number of joining locations of the joined body there is no limitation in the number of joining locations of the joined body, and it can be arbitrarily selected depending on the joining environment, whether by single wrap or double wrap. Among them, the double wrap doubles the bonding area, so the bonding strength also doubles.
- the average fiber length of reinforcing fibers is measured by measuring the fiber length of 100 reinforcing fibers randomly extracted from a thermoplastic composite material to the 1 mm unit with calipers or the like, and obtaining the average. The method is adopted.
- (3) Fiber bundle analysis of random mat material The fiber bundle analysis of the random mat material obtained in Reference Example 2B and Example 4 is based on the method described in PCT / JP2011 / 70314 (International Publication No. 2012/105080). Carried out.
- the height of the convex portion on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material, the diameter of the bottom surface, and the length of one side are all the convex portions formed on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material. Randomly five were selected and their dimensions were measured and displayed as an average of the five.
- the ratio of the total area of the convex portions on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material is the ratio of the total area of the bottom of each convex portion to the surface area of the surface having the convex portions of the thermoplastic composite material that has formed the convex portions in%. displayed.
- the ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the projections is determined by cutting five projections randomly selected apart from the above dimension measurement from the roots, and the weight of each projection and the thermoplastic resin in each projection. The weight was measured, and the average value of the thermoplastic resin content was expressed in wt%.
- thermoplastic composite material molded plate (I) of continuous laminated material of 0 to 90 degrees continuous fiber Carbon fiber (“Tenax” (registered trademark) STS40-24KS (average fiber diameter 7 ⁇ m) manufactured by Toho Tenax) And nylon 6 film (“Emblem” (registered trademark) ON, 25 ⁇ m thickness) manufactured by Unitika Ltd.) are sequentially laminated, with 64 layers so that layers at 0 degree and 90 degrees are alternately arranged.
- Laminated 64 layers of carbon fiber, 65 layers of nylon film
- this laminate is set in a mold having a recess on the top, and pressed at a temperature of 260 ° C.
- thermoplastic composite material molding plate (I) having a plurality of convex portions on one side was prepared.
- the shape of the convex part in the thermoplastic composite material molding plate (I) is conical, the average height is 0.5 mm, the average diameter of the bottom is 1 mm, and the average number per 1 cm 2 of the surface of the thermoplastic composite material is The average interval between 16 adjacent convex portions was 3 mm.
- the total area of the protrusions on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material to be joined was 12% of the surface of the thermoplastic composite material.
- the ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the said convex part was 70 weight%.
- thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II-A) having a plurality of convex portions on one side was prepared.
- the convex portion formed on this thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II-A) has a quadrangular pyramid shape with an average height of 1 mm, an average size of the bottom (length of one side) of 1 mm, and a thermoplastic composite.
- the average number per 1 cm 2 of the surface of the molded material plate is 9, the average interval between adjacent convex portions is 3 mm, and the total area of the convex portions on the surface of the thermoplastic composite material forming plate to be joined is the surface of the thermoplastic composite material It was 9%. Moreover, the ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the said convex part was 75 weight%.
- thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II-B) was obtained.
- the shape of the convex portion formed on this thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II-B) is a square frustum shape, the average height is 0.7 mm, the average bottom size (length of one side) is 1 mm, The average number of plastic composite material molded plates per 1 cm 2 of the surface was 16, and the average interval between adjacent convex portions was 3 mm.
- molding board which should be joined was 16% of the thermoplastic composite material surface.
- the ratio of the thermoplastic resin in the said convex part was 75 weight%.
- the critical single yarn number defined by the above formula (a) was 86, and the critical single yarn number or more.
- the average number of single yarns (N) in the constituted carbon fiber bundle (A) was 420, and the proportion of the carbon fiber bundle (A) constituted by the number of critical single yarns or more was 85 Vol% of the total amount of carbon fibers. .
- the carbon fiber volume content of the thermoplastic composite material obtained was 43% (carbon fiber content 54% by mass).
- ⁇ Reference Example 3 Surface treatment of metal member A cold-rolled steel plate (SPCC) having a length of 100 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution having a concentration of 15.0 g / L and a temperature of 60 ° C. for 60 seconds. After degreasing, it was washed with water for 60 seconds and dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. Next, it is immersed in a phosphoric acid aqueous solution (at least 90% of the components other than water is phosphoric acid) at a temperature of 60 ° C.
- SPCC cold-rolled steel plate
- a metal compound film mainly composed of a metal phosphate and a hydroxide was formed on both surfaces of the metal plate.
- a metal plate having a metal compound film was immersed in an ethanol / water (volume ratio: 95/5) solution of triethoxysilylpropylaminotriazinethiol monosodium having a concentration of 0.7 g / L for 30 minutes at room temperature. Thereafter, heat treatment was performed in an oven at 160 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- Example 1 After heating the cold rolled steel plate (SPCC) having a length of 100 mm, a width of 25 mm, and a thickness of 1.6 mm obtained in Reference Example 3 to 280 ° C., heat having a convex portion on one side obtained in Reference Example 1
- the plastic composite material molded plate (I) is cut into a length of 100 mm and a width of 25 mm and dried at 80 ° C. for 5 hours so that the SPCC and the convex portion on one surface of the thermoplastic composite material are in close contact with the SPCC surface. Then, the laminate was overlapped in a range of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm with a single wrap, and heat treated at 0.2 MPa for 1 minute at 250 ° C. with a press molding machine to prepare a joined body of the thermoplastic composite material and SPCC. When five such bonded bodies were prepared and a tensile test was performed, the average value of the bonding strength was 12 MPa.
- Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that the thermoplastic composite material molding plate (II-A) having a convex portion on one side obtained in Reference Example 2A was used as the thermoplastic composite material molding plate. A thermoplastic composite-SPCC conjugate was produced. When the tension test was done about each obtained joined body, the average value of joining strength was 13 MPa.
- Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 except that a thermoplastic composite material molding plate (II-B) having a convex portion on one side prepared from the random mat material obtained in Reference Example 2B was used as the thermoplastic composite material molding plate. And five thermoplastic composite-SPCC assemblies were manufactured. When the tension test was implemented about each obtained joined body, the average value of joining strength was 13 MPa.
- Example 4 ⁇ Production of Thermoplastic Composite Material Molded Plate (II-C) Using Random Mat Material>
- a carbon fiber composite material was prepared according to the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2013-49208.
- carbon fiber “Tenax” registered trademark
- STS40-24KS average fiber diameter: 7 ⁇ m, strand width: 10 mm
- the fiber length was cut to 20 mm with a rotary cutter.
- the strand that passed through the cutter was introduced into a flexible transportation pipe arranged immediately below the rotary cutter, and subsequently introduced into a fiber opening device (gas blowing nozzle) continuously provided at the lower end of the transportation pipe.
- a fiber opening device gas blowing nozzle
- a double pipe in which nipples made of SUS304 having different diameters are welded is manufactured, and a small hole is provided on the inner pipe of the double pipe, and the inner pipe and the outer pipe are used.
- compressed air was sent by a compressor and blown onto a strand cut at a wind speed of 450 m / sec from a small hole, so that the fiber was partially opened by an air flow.
- a taper pipe whose diameter increases downward is welded to the lower end portion of the double pipe so that the carbon fiber cut in the taper pipe moves downward along with the air flow.
- the matrix resin was supplied into the tube from the hole provided in the side surface of the tapered tube.
- matrix resin particles of nylon resin (polyamide 6 resin) “A1030” manufactured by Unitika Ltd. were used.
- an air-permeable net conveyor that moves in a certain direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “fixing net”) is installed below the outlet of the taper pipe, and suction is performed from the bottom with a blower, and the flexible transport pipe And the taper tube are reciprocated in the width direction of the fixing net moving at a constant speed, and a mixture of cut carbon fiber and nylon resin particles discharged along with the air flow from the tip of the taper tube is placed on the fixing net. Deposited in strips.
- the carbon fiber supply rate was set to 212 g / min
- the matrix resin supply rate was set to 320 g / min
- the apparatus was operated. As a result, the carbon fiber and the thermoplastic resin were randomly mixed on the fixing net.
- a mat was formed.
- the basis weight of the reinforcing fibers of this random mat was 265 g / m 2 .
- the number of critical single yarns defined by the above formula (a) is 86, and the ratio of the carbon fiber bundle (A) in which fibers of the number of critical single yarns or more are bundled to the total amount of carbon fibers in the mat is 35 Vol%.
- the average number of fibers (N) in the carbon fiber bundle (A) was 240. Further, the nylon resin particles were uniformly dispersed in the carbon fiber with almost no spots.
- thermoplastic composite material molding plate having a thickness of 2.0 mm was produced at a temperature of 300 ° C. and a pressure of 1.0 MPa through a pair of heating rollers.
- an embossed roller provided with a number of small groove-like convex portions on the surface, a thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II) in which streaky convex portions are formed at equal intervals on one surface of the molded plate -C) was obtained.
- the height of the streaky convex portions in this molded plate is 0.2 mm, the interval between adjacent streaky convex portions is 5 mm, and the ratio of the total area of the convex portions to the surface area of the surface having the convex portions of the molded plate is 15%.
- the carbon fiber contained in the streaky convex portion was examined, the fiber was hardly detected.
- the ratio of elastic modulus (E ⁇ ) was 1.03, and there was almost no fiber orientation. It was possible to obtain a molded plate maintaining isotropic properties.
- the proportion of the carbon fiber bundle (A) and the average number of fibers (N) were examined. There was no difference from the measurement results.
- thermoplastic composite material molded plate (II-C) having a convex portion on the surface made from the above random mat material, cut into a length of 100 mm and a width of 25 mm, and dried at 80 ° C. for 5 hours is a reference.
- the SPCC obtained in Example 3 and the convex part on one side of the thermoplastic composite material were superposed in a range of 25 mm ⁇ 25 mm with a single wrap so as to be in close contact with the surface of the SPCC, and in a state pressurized at 0.2 MPa, The temperature of the SPCC was raised to 280 ° C.
- thermoplastic composite material was melted by heat transfer from the SPCC, thereby producing a joined body of the thermoplastic composite material and SPCC.
- the average value of the bonding strength was 12 MPa.
- thermoplastic composite material-metal member assembly obtained by the method of the present invention has excellent joint strength, it is used for parts constituting furniture such as automobiles, airplanes, rail cars, ships, bicycles, furniture and architecture. It is useful in applications such as materials, sports equipment, structural members of various machinery and equipment, and housings of electrical and electronic equipment.
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Abstract
Description
(1)
強化繊維を含み、熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとする繊維強化複合材料と、金属部材との接合体の製造方法であって、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む凸部を表面に有する繊維強化複合材料の前記凸部と、金属部材表面とを接触させた状態で、前記繊維強化複合材料表面の前記凸部の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させることにより、繊維強化複合材料と金属部材とを接合させることを特徴とする接合体の製造方法。
(2)
極性官能基を有する有機化合物の被覆層が形成された金属部材表面に、前記繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部を接触させることを特徴とする(1)に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(3)
金属部材表面を極性官能基を有する有機化合物を含む溶液で処理して前記被覆層を形成することを特徴とする(2)に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(4)
繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部の高さが繊維強化複合材料の厚みに対して1~55%であることを特徴とする(1)~(3)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(5)
繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部の高さが、0.1~5mmであることを特徴とする(1)~(4)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(6)
繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部における熱可塑性樹脂含有率が50~100重量%であることを特徴とする(1)~(5)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(7)
繊維強化複合材料表面において、金属部材との接合部の表面積に対する凸部底部の占める合計面積の割合が1~80%の範囲内にある(1)~(6)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(8)
繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、繊維強化複合材料のマトリックスと同種の樹脂であることを特徴とする(1)~(7)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(9)
繊維強化複合材料が、強化繊維を含むランダムマットにマトリックスの熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた複合材料であって、繊維強化複合材料における強化繊維の平均繊維長が3~100mmであり、強化繊維100重量部に対してマトリックスの存在量が30~200重量部であることを特徴とする(1)~(8)のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
(10)
ランダムマットにおける下記式(a)で定義される臨界単糸数以上で構成される強化繊維束(A)のランダムマット中の強化繊維全量に対する割合が20~99Vol%であり、かつ強化繊維束(A)中の平均繊維数(N)が下記式(b)を満たす(9)記載の接合体の製造方法。
臨界単糸数=600/D (a)
0.6×104/D2<N<1×105/D2 (b)
(ここでDは強化繊維の平均繊維径(μm)である)
(11)
強化繊維を含み、熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとする繊維強化複合材料であって、
他の部材と接合される接合部を有し、
前記接合部の表面に、熱可塑性樹脂を含む凸部を有する、
維維強化複合材料-金属部材接合体の製造用繊維強化複合材料。
本発明で使用する熱可塑性複合材料は、強化繊維とマトリックスとしての熱可塑性樹脂を含む繊維強化複合材料である。
本発明における熱可塑性複合材料は好ましくはシート形態のものである。すなわち、実質的に強化繊維またはそれを織編物、マット等にした構造物(以下「強化繊維構造物」ということがある)と熱可塑性樹脂とが一体化したシート状物が好ましく用いられる。なお、本発明における熱可塑性複合材料の形状は特に限定されない。熱可塑性複合材料の形状は、上記のようにシート状でもよいし、シート状に限らず、板状でもよい。熱可塑性複合材料の形状は、曲面部を有していてもよい。また、熱可塑性複合材料の形状は、断面がT字型、L字型、コの字型、ハット型およびこれらを含む三次元形状のものであってもよく、これら種々の形状の熱可塑性複合材料に対して、本発明に示す接合体の製造方法を適用できる。いずれの場合も、熱可塑性複合材料の接合箇所とそれに対応する金属部材における接合箇所の形状とは、互いにほぼ適合することが好ましい。
熱可塑性複合材料に含まれる強化繊維としては、炭素繊維、ガラス繊維、アラミド繊維等の1種または2種以上が好ましく用いられ、なかでもPAN系またはピッチ系の炭素繊維が好ましい。強化繊維の形態はとくに限定されず、連続繊維、不連続繊維のいずれでもよい。
臨界単糸数=600/D (a)
0.6×104/D2<N<1×105/D2 (b)
(ここでDは強化繊維の平均繊維径(μm)である。)
さらに、強化繊維の平均繊維長及び繊維の集束状態が上述の範囲にある複合材料は、その複合材料表面に後述の方法で凸部を形成する場合、凸部内の強化繊維の割合が顕著に少ない凸部を形成することができるので、その結果、該複合材料と金属部材との接合においても、より強固な接合状態を実現することができる。
このような2次元等方性のランダムマットは、例えば、複数の強化繊維からなるストランドを、必要に応じ繊維長方向に沿って連続的にスリットして幅0.05~5mmの複数の細幅ストランドにした後、連続的にカットして平均繊維長3~100mm、特に10~100mmの不連続繊維束とし、このようにカットして得た繊維束に気体を吹付けて開繊させた状態で、通気性コンベヤーネット等の上に層状に堆積させることによりマットを得ることができる。この際、粒体状もしくは短繊維状の熱可塑性樹脂を強化繊維とともに通気性コンベヤーネット上に堆積させるか、マット状の強化繊維層に溶融した熱可塑性樹脂を膜状に供給し浸透させることにより熱可塑性樹脂を包含する等方性ランダムマットを製造することもできる。この方法において、開繊条件を調整することで、強化繊維束を上記式(a)で定義される臨界単糸数以上が集束している強化繊維束(A)と臨界単糸数未満の強化繊維束(B1)および/または強化繊維単糸(B2)とが混在するように開繊し、等方性ランダムマットにおける強化繊維束(A)の強化繊維全量に対する割合を好ましくは20~99Vol%、より好ましくは30~90Vol%、特に好ましくは50~90Vol%とし、かつ該強化繊維束(A)中の平均繊維数(N)が、上記式(b)を満たす等方性ランダムマットとするのがよい。
このようなランダムマットの製造方法については、国際公開第2012/105080号にも記載されており、本発明においても適宜参照することができる。
熱可塑性複合材料のマトリックスとなる熱可塑性樹脂の種類としては、例えば、塩化ビニル樹脂、塩化ビニリデン樹脂、酢酸ビニル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、アクリロニトリル-スチレン樹脂(AS樹脂)、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン樹脂(ABS樹脂)、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、各種の熱可塑性ポリアミド樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、熱可塑性ポリエステル樹脂、ボリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、ポリスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリ乳酸樹脂などが挙げられる。なかでも、ナイロン、ポリカーボネート、ポリオキシメチレン、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリフェニレンエーテル、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリメチルメタクリレート、またはこれらを主成分とする共重合体、AS樹脂、ABS樹脂等が好ましく挙げられる。
2種以上を併用してもよい。
連続繊維が一方向配列したUDシートあるいは不連続繊維からなる抄造シート、ランダムマット等は、いずれも、熱可塑性樹脂を含む状態で、単層または複数積層して加熱加圧し、それらのシートまたはマット中に存在する熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させ繊維間に含浸させることで熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとする熱可塑性複合材料となる。この場合の熱可塑性樹脂は、強化繊維のシートまたはマットの製造時に供給してもよく、強化繊維からなるシートまたはマットの製造後に、熱可塑性樹脂からなる層を積層し加熱加圧することによってシートまたはマット中に樹脂を含浸させてもよい。
(i)厚さ0.5~5mmのシート状であり、
(ii)強化繊維が面内方向にランダムに配置されており、
(iii)全体の目付けが25~4500g/m2の範囲であり、
(iv)全強化繊維に対する下記式(a)で定義される臨界単糸数以上で構成される強化繊維束(A)の割合が50~90Vol%であり、しかも、
(v)強化繊維束(A)中の平均繊維数(N)が下記式(c)を満たす、
臨界単糸数=600/D (a)
0.7×104/D2<N<1×105/D2 (c)
(ここでDは強化繊維の平均繊維径(μm)である)
ものが挙げられる。
本発明では、熱可塑性複合材料として、その金属部材と接合すべき表面に熱可塑性樹脂を含む凸部を有するものを使用する。
本発明では、上述した熱可塑性複合材料と金属部材とを接合するに当り、予め熱可塑性複合材料における金属部材と接合すべき表面に、熱可塑性樹脂を主体とする少なくとも1個の凸部を形成することが好ましい。
凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の体積含有率が50%以上であることが好ましく、特に70%以上であることが好ましい。凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の体積含有率が50%以上であれば、凸部に含まれる強化繊維量が少ないため、これを溶融させることで熱可塑性複合材料と金属部材との接合強度が十分となる。
凸部中の熱可塑性樹脂含有率は50~100重量%であることが好ましく、70~100重量%であることがより好ましく、85~100重量%であることが更に好ましい。
凸部は単独でまたは複数集合して、文字を構成していても数字の形状であってもよい。その一つの凸部の形状としては、例えばアルファベット、かな、アラビア文字、ハングル文字、絵文字(例えば*、¥、$、!、&、#、@、?、■、◆、◎、★、<、>、中抜け形(リング(指輪)など)等)を挙げることができる。凸部が数字の場合の形状としては、例えば0~9、漢数字、ローマ数字を挙げることができる。文字と数字はそれぞれ単独で用いても組み合わせて用いてもよい。好ましい具体例として、「Teijin」を挙げることができる。
凸部の高さは熱可塑性複合材料の凸部を有しない部分の厚みに対して1~55%の高さが好ましく、5~50%の高さがより好ましい。
凸部の高さは0.1~5mmが好ましく、0.2~2mmがより好ましい。
なお、熱可塑性複合材料表面に高さの異なる複数の凸部が混在する場合は、それぞれの高さの平均値がこの範囲にあることが好ましい。凸部の高さが過大になると熱可塑性複合材料と金属部材の接合時に多量の凸部形成樹脂がバリとなって接合部の周囲にはみ出すため、接合体の後処理が煩雑となる。また、凸部の高さが足りないと溶着接合のための樹脂量が不足し、接合強度が不十分になることがある。
1)熱可塑性複合材料を、凹部を有する金型に入れ、加熱加圧して成形する方法。
2)熱可塑性複合材料を、表面に凹部を有するローラーによりエンボス加工する方法。
本発明において熱可塑性複合材料と接合させる金属部材としては、具体的には、鉄、ステンレス、アルミニウム、銅、黄銅、ニッケル、亜鉛等の金属またはそれらの合金が挙げられるが、金属を構成する元素が鉄またはアルミニウムを主とするものが好ましい。ここで「主とする」とは90重量%以上を占めることを意味する。
本発明では、熱可塑性複合材料と接合しようとする金属部材の表面に、接合性を付与・向上させる極性官能基を有する有機化合物による被覆層を形成し、接合に供することが好ましい。
上記の被覆層は、金属部材表面を極性官能基を有する有機化合物を含む溶液で処理して形成することが好ましい。
極性官能基を有する有機化合物として好適なものは、後述するトリアジンチオール誘導体である。
この被覆層は、熱可塑性複合材料と接合しようとする金属部材の全面に形成するのが好ましいが、必ずしも全面である必要はない。また被覆層の厚みは、十分な接合強度(接着性)が確保できる箇所および厚みにすればよい。
本発明では、かかる極性官能基を有する有機化合物による被覆層と金属部材表面との間に、さらに、水酸化物、カルボン酸塩、リン酸塩、硫酸塩等の金属化合物層を含むことが、接合強度向上を図る上で好ましい。金属化合物層を形成する方法としては、国際公開第2009/157445号パンフレットに記載の方法があり、例えば、熱可塑性複合材料と接合しようとする金属部材を塩酸、硫酸、リン酸等の酸に浸漬する方法、あるいは接合しようとする金属部材の表面に塗布または噴霧する方法等が挙げられる。したがって、本発明では、金属部材をこのような金属化合物で処理した後、その表面に上記の有機化合物の被覆層を形成するのが好ましい。
本発明の接合体の製造方法においては、表面に熱可塑性樹脂を含む少なくとも1個の凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料を、凸部を形成した面が金属部材と接合しようとする面と接するように積層し、加熱によって凸部の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させることにより、熱可塑性複合材料表面に形成した凸部を形成する樹脂を金属部材表面に溶着させ、目的とする接合体を得る。
この際、凸部の熱可塑性樹脂の溶融とともに、接合方向に沿って加圧することが好ましい。
(A)凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料の表面と金属部材とを接触させた状態で(好ましくは密に接触させた状態で)、電熱ヒーター、赤外線ヒーター、IHヒーター等の加熱手段による加熱、機械的振動、超音波、高周波等による発熱等によって、熱可塑性複合材料表面の凸部を構成する熱可塑性樹脂を溶融する方法、
(B)予め、金属部材の表面を、上記凸部を構成する熱可塑性樹脂の溶融温度以上に加熱しておき、加熱した金属部材上に上記熱可塑性複合材料の凸部を有する側を積層することで、金属部材からの伝熱により熱可塑性複合材料表面の凸部を構成する熱可塑性樹脂を加熱溶融する方法、
等を採用することができる。
かくして本発明によれば、熱可塑性複合材料と金属部材とが強固に接合した接合体あるいはこれを所定形状に成形した金属複合成形体を、生産性良く短時間で製造することができる。接合体の金属と熱可塑性複合材料の接合強度は引っ張り試験で評価することができるが、本発明によれば両者の接合強度は少なくとも5MPa以上となり、場合によっては実質50MPa程度の接合強度も実現可能である。したがって、本発明で得られる接合体および金属複合成形体は、強度が必要とされるような構造部材として好適に用いることができる。このような構造部材としては、例えば、自動車、航空機、鉄道車両、船舶等の移動体を構成する部品や構造材等が挙げられる。また、電気・電子機器の匡体、スポーツ用品、機械機器、建築材料、家具等の構造材としても有用である。なお、接合体の接合箇所数に
限定はなく、シングルラップによってもダブルラップによっても、接合環境により任意に選ぶことができる。なかでも、ダブルラップは接合面積が2倍となるため接合強度も2倍となる。
(1)接合強度
各実施例等に記載のとおりの熱可塑性複合材料‐金属部材接合体を5枚作成し、それぞれについて、「インストロン(登録商標)5587」万能試験機により、引っ張り速度2mm/分で引っ張り試験を行って求めた引っ張り強度の値を、その接合体の接合強度の値とし、5枚の平均値で表した。
(2)平均繊維長の測定
強化繊維の平均繊維長の測定は、熱可塑性複合材料から無作為に抽出した100本の強化繊維の繊維長をノギス等により1mm単位まで測定し、その平均を求める方法が採用される。
(3)ランダムマット材の繊維束分析
参考例2Bおよび実施例4により得たランダムマット材の繊維束分析は、PCT/JP2011/70314号(国際公開第2012/105080号)に記載の方法に準じて実施した。
(4)熱可塑性複合材料表面の凸部の測定
熱可塑性複合材料表面の凸部の高さ、底面の直径、および1辺の長さは、いずれも熱可塑性複合材料表面に形成した凸部を無作為に5個選定してそれぞれの寸法を実測し、5個の平均値で表示した。また、熱可塑性複合材料表面における凸部の合計面積の割合は、凸部を形成した熱可塑性複合材料の凸部を有する側の面の表面積に対する各凸部の底部の総計面積の割合を%で表示した。さらに、凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の割合は、上記寸法測定とは別に無作為に選んだ5個の凸部をその根元から切断し、それぞれの凸部重量と各凸部中の熱可塑性樹脂の重量を実測し、それらの熱可塑性樹脂含有量の平均値を重量%で表示した。
炭素繊維(東邦テナックス製“テナックス”(登録商標)STS40-24KS(平均繊維径7μm)のストランドとナイロン6フィルム(ユニチカ(株)製“エンブレム”(登録商標)ON、25μm厚)とを、順次積層しながら、繊維方向0度の層と90度の層が交互に配置するように64層積層し(炭素繊維64層、ナイロンフィルム65層)、この積層体を上部に凹部を有する金型内にセットし、温度260℃、圧力2.5MPaでプレスして、炭素繊維が0度90度交互、対称積層、炭素繊維体積含有率47%(質量基準の炭素繊維含有率57%)で、かつ、片面に複数の凸部を有する2mm厚の熱可塑性複合材料成形板(I)を作成した。
この熱可塑性複合材料成形板(I)における上記凸部の形状は円錐状であり、その平均高さは0.5mm、底部の平均直径は1mm、熱可塑性複合材料表面1cm2当りの平均個数は16個、隣接する凸部の平均間隔は3mmであった。接合すべき熱可塑性複合材料表面における凸部の合計面積は、熱可塑性複合材料表面の12%であった。また、上記凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の割合は70重量%であった。
炭素繊維として、平均繊維長20mmにカットした東邦テナックス(株)製“テナックス”(登録商標)STS40(平均繊維径7μm)を平均目付け540g/m2となるようランダムな配列状態でシート状に形成し、これをユニチカ(株)製KE435-POG(ナイロン6)クロス10枚の間に、炭素繊維シート/ナイロン6クロスの繰り返し積層となるように挟みこんで、上部に凹部を有する金型を用いて260℃、2.5MPaでプレスし、炭素繊維体積率35%(質量基準の炭素繊維含有率45%)で、片面に複数の凸部を有する2mm厚の熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-A)を作成した。
この熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-A)に形成した凸部の形状は四角錐形であり、その平均高さは1mm、底部の平均サイズ(1辺の長さ)は1mm、熱可塑性複合材料成形板の表面1cm2当りの平均個数は9個、隣接する凸部の平均間隔は3mm、接合すべき熱可塑性複合材料成形板の表面における凸部の合計面積は、熱可塑性複合材料表面の9%であった。また、上記凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の割合は75重量%であった。
炭素繊維として、平均繊維長20mmにカットした東邦テナックス社製の炭素繊維“テナックス”(登録商標)STS40-24KS(平均繊維径7μm)を使用し、マトリックス樹脂として、ユニチカ社製のナイロン6樹脂A1030を使用して、国際公開第2012/105080号)に記載の方法に従って、炭素繊維目付け1800g/m2、ナイロン樹脂目付け1500g/m2であるランダムに炭素繊維が配向したマットを作成した。このマットを、上部に凹部を有する金型を用いて260℃に加熱したプレス装置にて、2.0MPaにて5分間加熱し、片面に複数の凸部を有する厚さ2.3mmの熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-B)を得た。
この熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-B)に形成した凸部の形状は四角錘台形であり、その平均高さは0.7mm、底部の平均サイズ(1辺の長さ)が1mm、熱可塑性複合材料成形板の表面1cm2当りの平均個数は16個、隣接する凸部の平均の間隔は3mmであった。また、接合すべき熱可塑性複合材料成形板の表面における凸部の合計面積は、熱可塑性複合材料表面の16%であった。また、上記凸部における熱可塑性樹脂の割合は75重量%であった。
長さ100mm、幅25mm、厚み1.6mmの冷間圧延鋼板(SPCC)を、濃度15.0g/L、温度60℃の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中で60秒間脱脂を行った後、水洗を60秒行い、80℃のオーブンで30分間乾燥した。次に温度60℃、濃度30~50g/L、のリン酸水溶液(水以外の成分の90%以上がリン酸)中で300秒間浸漬し、次いで湯洗(60℃)および水洗を各60秒間行い、リン酸金属塩、水酸化物を主成分とする金属化合物皮膜を金属板両表面上に形成した。次に濃度0.7g/Lのトリエトキシシリルプロピルアミノトリアジンチオールモノナトリウムのエタノール/水(体積比95/5)溶液に、金属化合物皮膜を有する金属板を室温で30分間浸漬した。その後オーブン内で160℃、10分間熱処理した。次に濃度1.0g/LのN,N’-m-フェニレンジマレイミドと濃度2g/Lのジクミルパーオキシドを含むアセトン溶液に室温で10分間浸漬し、オーブン内150℃、10分間熱処理した。さらに金属板表面全体に濃度2g/Lのジクミルバーオキシドのエタノール溶液を室温で噴霧し、風乾し、トリアジンチオール誘導体層を冷間圧延鋼板(SPCC)の表面全体に設けた。
参考例3により得られた長さ100mm、幅25mm、厚み1.6mmの冷間圧延鋼板(SPCC)を280℃まで昇温させた後、参考例1により得られた片面に凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料成形板(I)を、長さ100mm、幅25mmに切り出し、80℃/5時間で乾燥処理させたものを、SPCCと熱可塑性複合材料片面の凸部とがSPCC表面に密接するように、シングルラップで25mm×25mmの範囲で重ね、プレス成型機にて0.2MPa、1分間250℃で加熱処理して熱可塑性複合材料とSPCCとの接合体を作成した。かかる接合体を5枚作成し、引っ張り試験を行ったところ、接合強度の平均値は12MPaであった。
熱可塑性複合材料成形板として参考例2Aで得られた片面に凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-A)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同じ操作を実施して5枚の熱可塑性複合材料-SPCC接合体を製造した。得られた各接合体について引っ張り試験を行ったところ、接合強度の平均値は13MPaであった。
熱可塑性複合材料成形板として参考例2Bで得られたランダムマット材から作成した片面に凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-B)を使用した以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を実施して5枚の熱可塑性複合材料-SPCC接合体を製造した。得られた各接合体について引っ張り試験を実施したところ、接合強度の平均値は13MPaであった。
<ランダムマット材を用いた熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-C)の製造> 日本特許公開2013-49208号に記載の方法に準じて炭素繊維複合材料を作成した。
炭素繊維として、東邦テナックス(株)製の炭素繊維“テナックス”(登録商標)STS40-24KS(平均繊維径7μm、ストランド幅10mm)を使用した。縦スリット装置を使用して、幅0.8mmにスリットした後、ロータリーカッターにより繊維長20mmにカットを行った。カッターを通過したストランドを、上記ロータリーカッターの直下に配置したフレキシブルな輸送配管に導入し、引き続き、輸送配管の下端に連設した開繊装置(気体吹付けノズル)に導入した。この開繊装置としては、径の異なるSUS304製のニップルを溶接した二重管を製作し、その二重管の内側の管に小孔を設けたものを使用し、内側の管と外側の管との間にコンプレッサーにて圧縮空気を送気し、小孔からの風速450m/secでカットしたストランドに吹き付けることで、空気流により部分的に開繊するようにした。この二重管の下端部には下方に向けて径が拡大するテーパー管を溶接し、該テーパー管内をカットした炭素繊維が空気流とともに下方へ移動するようにした。この際、上記テーパー管の側面に設けた孔より、マトリックス樹脂を管内に供給した。マトリックス樹脂としてはユニチカ(株)製のナイロン樹脂(ポリアミド6樹脂)“A1030”の粒子を使用した。そして、テーパー管出口の下方に、一定方向に移動する通気性のネットコンベア(以後「定着ネット」と呼ぶことがある)を設置し、その下からブロワにて吸引を行い、該フレキシブルな輸送配管とテーパー管とを、定速で移動する定着ネットの幅方向に往復運動させながら、テーパー管先端から空気流とともに吐出されるカットした炭素繊維とナイロン樹脂粒子の混合体を、その定着ネット上に帯状に堆積させた。この際、炭素繊維の供給量を212g/min、マトリックス樹脂の供給量を320g/minにセットし、装置を稼動したところ、定着ネット上に炭素繊維と熱可塑性樹脂とが斑なく混合されたランダムマットが形成された。このランダムマットの強化繊維の目付け量は265g/m2であった。
得られたランダムマットでは、上記式(a)で定義される臨界単糸数は86であり、臨界単糸数以上の繊維が集束した炭素繊維束(A)のマットの炭素繊維全量に対する割合は35Vol%、炭素繊維束(A)中の平均繊維数(N)は240であった。また、ナイロン樹脂粒子は、炭素繊維中に殆ど斑の無い状態で均一に分散されていた。
なお、この炭素繊維複合材料成形板(II-C)の0度及び90度方向の引張り弾性率を測定したところ、弾性率の比(Eδ)は1.03であり、繊維配向は殆ど無く、等方性が維持された成形板を得ることができた。さらに、この成形板を500℃×1時間程度炉内にて加熱し、樹脂を除去した後、炭素繊維束(A)の割合と、平均繊維数(N)を調べたところ、上記ランダムマットの測定結果と差異は見られなかった。
上記のランダムマット材から作成した表面に凸部を有する熱可塑性複合材料成形板(II-C)を、長さ100mm、幅25mmに切り出し、80℃/5時間で乾燥処理させたものを、参考例3により得られたSPCCと、熱可塑性複合材料片面の凸部とがSPCC表面に密接するように、シングルラップで25mm×25mmの範囲で重ね合わせ、0.2MPaで加圧した状態で、高周波による誘導加熱によりSPCCを280℃に昇温させ、SPCCからの伝熱で熱可塑性複合材料表面の凸部を溶融させることにより、熱可塑性複合材料とSPCCとの接合体を作成した。かかる接合体を5枚作成し、引っ張り試験を行ったところ、接合強度の平均値は12MPaであった。
本出願は、2012年7月6日出願の日本特許出願(特願2012-152354)に基づくものであり、その内容はここに参照として取り込まれる。
Claims (11)
- 強化繊維を含み、熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとする繊維強化複合材料と、金属部材との接合体の製造方法であって、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む凸部を表面に有する繊維強化複合材料の前記凸部と、金属部材表面とを接触させた状態で、前記繊維強化複合材料表面の前記凸部の熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させることにより、繊維強化複合材料と金属部材とを接合させることを特徴とする接合体の製造方法。 - 極性官能基を有する有機化合物の被覆層が形成された金属部材表面に、前記繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部を接触させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 金属部材表面を極性官能基を有する有機化合物を含む溶液で処理して前記被覆層を形成することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部の高さが繊維強化複合材料の厚みに対して1~55%であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部の高さが、0.1~5mmであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部における熱可塑性樹脂含有率が50~100重量%であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料表面において、金属部材との接合部の表面積に対する凸部底部の占める合計面積の割合が1~80%の範囲内にある請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料表面の凸部に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂が、繊維強化複合材料のマトリックスと同種の樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- 繊維強化複合材料が、強化繊維を含むランダムマットにマトリックスの熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた複合材料であって、繊維強化複合材料における強化繊維の平均繊維長が3~100mmであり、強化繊維100重量部に対してマトリックスの存在量が30~200重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載の接合体の製造方法。
- ランダムマットにおける下記式(a)で定義される臨界単糸数以上で構成される強化繊維束(A)のランダムマット中の強化繊維全量に対する割合が20~99Vol%であり、かつ強化繊維束(A)中の平均繊維数(N)が下記式(b)を満たす請求項9記載の接合体の製造方法。
臨界単糸数=600/D (a)
0.6×104/D2<N<1×105/D2 (b)
(ここでDは強化繊維の平均繊維径(μm)である) - 強化繊維を含み、熱可塑性樹脂をマトリックスとする繊維強化複合材料であって、
他の部材と接合される接合部を有し、
前記接合部の表面に、熱可塑性樹脂を含む凸部を有する、
維維強化複合材料-金属部材接合体の製造用繊維強化複合材料。
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CN109968680B (zh) * | 2019-04-12 | 2023-09-08 | 吉林大学 | 一种基于脉冲电流的碳纤维复合材料与铝合金无铆钉铆接装置及方法 |
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JP2016089261A (ja) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-05-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | アルミニウム合金材、接合体、自動車用部材、及びアルミニウム合金材の製造方法 |
WO2016140096A1 (ja) * | 2015-03-04 | 2016-09-09 | オムロン株式会社 | 接合構造体 |
JP2016221868A (ja) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-12-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 複合部材、及び、該複合部材の製造方法。 |
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JP2019217704A (ja) * | 2018-06-20 | 2019-12-26 | 大成プラス株式会社 | アルミニウム合金と樹脂の複合体 |
JP7071886B2 (ja) | 2018-06-20 | 2022-05-19 | 大成プラス株式会社 | アルミニウム合金と樹脂の複合体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20150290911A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
EP2871039A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
JPWO2014007342A1 (ja) | 2016-06-02 |
KR20150035768A (ko) | 2015-04-07 |
CN104395057A (zh) | 2015-03-04 |
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