WO2014073406A1 - 磁気共鳴イメージング装置およびアンテナ装置 - Google Patents
磁気共鳴イメージング装置およびアンテナ装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014073406A1 WO2014073406A1 PCT/JP2013/079100 JP2013079100W WO2014073406A1 WO 2014073406 A1 WO2014073406 A1 WO 2014073406A1 JP 2013079100 W JP2013079100 W JP 2013079100W WO 2014073406 A1 WO2014073406 A1 WO 2014073406A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/36—Electrical details, e.g. matching or coupling of the coil to the receiver
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/345—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR of waveguide type
- G01R33/3453—Transverse electromagnetic [TEM] coils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/38—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field
- G01R33/385—Systems for generation, homogenisation or stabilisation of the main or gradient magnetic field using gradient magnetic field coils
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/44—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance using nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR]
- G01R33/48—NMR imaging systems
- G01R33/54—Signal processing systems, e.g. using pulse sequences ; Generation or control of pulse sequences; Operator console
Definitions
- the present invention measures nuclear magnetic resonance (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: hereinafter referred to as NMR) signals from hydrogen, phosphorus, etc. in a subject, and images nuclear density distribution, relaxation time distribution, etc. More particularly, the present invention relates to an antenna device that performs at least one of transmission of a high-frequency signal and reception of an NMR signal.
- NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
- a high-frequency signal which is an electromagnetic wave
- a subject placed in a uniform static magnetic field generated by a static magnetic field magnet to excite nuclear spins in the subject and to generate nuclear spins.
- the subject is imaged by receiving a nuclear magnetic resonance signal and processing the signal.
- High-frequency signal irradiation and nuclear magnetic resonance signal reception are performed by a device called an RF antenna or an RF coil that transmits or receives radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic waves.
- RF radio frequency
- the RF coil can be roughly classified into three types: a transmission antenna that performs only transmission, a reception antenna that performs only reception, and a transmission and reception antenna that performs both transmission and reception.
- a transmission antenna that performs only transmission In a human imaging MRI system with a static magnetic field strength of 3 Tesla or less, a combination of a large transmitting antenna mainly in the shape of a cylinder or disk and a relatively small receiving antenna having various shapes such as a sheet or cylinder Often used.
- the RF coils are roughly classified into two types, those called surface antennas or local antennas, and those called volume coils or volume antennas.
- a local antenna is circular or flat and has sensitivity in the vicinity of the antenna and is often applied to the surface of a subject.
- the volume antenna has a cylindrical shape or a disk shape installed on two upper and lower sides, has sensitivity in the whole or in between, and is used by installing a subject there.
- cylindrical volume antennas examples include a so-called birdcage type or birdcage type (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1) and a so-called TEM (transverse-electromagnetic) type (for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).
- a so-called birdcage type or birdcage type for example, see Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1
- TEM transverse-electromagnetic
- In these transmitting antennas about 16 to 32 bar-shaped conductors called rungs (horizontal bars or ladder horizontal bars) are usually arranged along the cylindrical side surface in parallel with the central axis of the cylinder.
- Such a cylindrical transmission antenna is used in an MRI apparatus called a tunnel type.
- a tunnel is formed by a cylindrical static magnetic field magnet, and the subject enters the tunnel while lying on a bed, and imaging is performed.
- TEM-type antennas used as cylindrical transmission antennas are mainly used as volume antennas for trunks, volume antennas for heads, etc. in high magnetic field MRI apparatuses of 3 Tesla or higher. At this time, the currents flowing in the 16 to 32 rungs described above are coupled to each other. The number of independent feeding points (ports) is two.
- a TEM antenna with N rungs has N / 2 + 1 resonance modes.
- a TEM antenna used in a 3 Tesla MRI apparatus uses a resonance mode near 128 MHz.
- this TEM antenna has 24 rungs, there are 13 resonance modes, and their frequencies are in the range of approximately 120 to 135 MHz and at intervals of approximately 1 to 2 MHz.
- each resonance mode has a different spatial sensitivity range.
- the MRI apparatus uses a phenomenon in which the hydrogen nuclear spin rotates at a specific frequency around the direction of the static magnetic field. Therefore, it is desirable to have as uniform sensitivity as possible in the space inside the antenna. Only one resonance mode of the TEM antenna is suitable for this.
- the TEM type antenna uses current coupling between adjacent rungs.
- the rung tends to be close to the outer cylindrical shield in order to secure the internal space of the antenna.
- the mirror current flows right next to the rung, which increases the efficiency of the antenna. descend. Accordingly, current coupling between adjacent rungs tends to decrease.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in the TEM type antenna, the internal space of the antenna is sacrificed regardless of the size, shape and arrangement of the load and regardless of the arrangement of the antenna components. It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for maintaining the uniformity of sensitivity inside an antenna with a simple configuration.
- the present invention increases the degree of current coupling between adjacent rungs in a TEM antenna, and reduces the uneven position of the load disposed inside the antenna and the non-uniform sensitivity caused by the magnitude of the load.
- This TEM-type antenna includes a rung conductor that branches into a plurality at the center and merges into one at both ends.
- the rung conductor has a gap along the longitudinal direction of the rung conductor at the center.
- This rung conductor is arranged so as to be close to the adjacent rung conductor at the center and to maintain the same distance at the end as in the prior art.
- the antenna in a TEM type antenna, can be constructed with a simple configuration without sacrificing the internal space of the antenna regardless of the size, shape, and arrangement of the load, and regardless of the arrangement of the antenna components.
- the uniformity of internal sensitivity can be maintained.
- FIG. 2 Schematic configuration diagram of an MRI apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
- the perspective view of the antenna apparatus of embodiment of this invention Figure 2 is an enlarged view of part of A perspective view of a conventional antenna device Partly enlarged view of Figure 4
- (a) is an impedance characteristic graph showing the spread of the resonance peak of the antenna device of the embodiment of the present invention
- (b) is an impedance characteristic graph showing the spread of the resonance peak of the conventional antenna device.
- (a) is explanatory drawing of magnetic field distribution by the antenna apparatus of embodiment of this invention
- (b) is explanatory drawing of magnetic field distribution by the conventional antenna apparatus.
- the perspective view of the antenna device of the modification of embodiment of this invention The perspective view of the antenna device of the modification of embodiment of this invention
- the perspective view of the antenna device of the modification of embodiment of this invention The perspective view of the antenna device of the modification of embodiment of this invention
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment.
- the MRI apparatus 100 transmits a high-frequency signal to the subject 112, a magnet 101 that forms a static magnetic field in the measurement space in which the subject 112 is arranged, a gradient magnetic field coil 102 that gives a magnetic field gradient in a predetermined direction to the static magnetic field, and
- an RF coil 103 that receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated from the subject 112 and a high-frequency signal transmitted from the RF coil 103 are generated and transmitted to the RF coil 103, and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal received by the RF coil 103
- the transmitter / receiver 104 that performs signal processing on the magnetic field, the gradient magnetic field power source 109 that supplies current to the gradient coil 102, the drive of the transceiver 104 and the gradient magnetic field power source 109 are controlled, and various information processing and operations by the operator are performed.
- a data processing unit 105 to receive, a display device 108 for displaying a processing result of the data processing unit 105, and a bed 111 on which the subject 112 is placed.
- the data processing unit 105 functions as an imaging unit that images internal information of the subject 112 from a nuclear magnetic resonance signal received by the RF coil 103 and subjected to various signal processing by the transceiver 104.
- the gradient magnetic field power source 109 and the gradient magnetic field coil 102 are connected by a gradient magnetic field control cable 107.
- the RF coil 103 and the transceiver 104 are connected by a transmission / reception cable 106 that transmits and receives signals between the RF coil 103 and the transceiver 104.
- the transceiver 104 includes a synthesizer, a power amplifier, a reception mixer, an analog / digital converter, a transmission / reception changeover switch, and the like.
- the MRI apparatus 100 is classified into a horizontal magnetic field method and a vertical magnetic field method depending on the direction of the static magnetic field formed by the magnet 101.
- the magnet 101 In the case of the horizontal magnetic field method, the magnet 101 generally has a cylindrical bore (central space) and generates a static magnetic field in the horizontal direction in FIG.
- the vertical magnetic field method a pair of magnets are arranged above and below the subject to generate a static magnetic field in the vertical direction in FIG.
- the present invention is mainly suitable for a horizontal magnetic field type MRI apparatus.
- an RF signal 103 and a gradient magnetic field coil 102 irradiate a subject 112 placed in a static magnetic field with intermittent high frequency signals and gradient magnetic fields at intervals of several milliseconds, respectively.
- a nuclear magnetic resonance signal emitted from the subject 112 in resonance with the high-frequency signal is received by the RF coil 103, and signal processing is performed by the transceiver 104 and the data processing unit 105 to acquire a magnetic resonance image.
- the subject 112 is, for example, a predetermined part of the human body.
- the subject 112 lies on the bed 111 and is disposed inside the RF coil 103.
- the RF coil 103, the gradient magnetic field coil 102, and the bed 111 are arranged in a static magnetic field space formed by the magnet 101.
- a single RF coil is shown as the RF coil 103 that transmits a high-frequency signal and receives a nuclear magnetic resonance signal.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- an RF coil composed of a plurality of coils may be used as the RF coil 103, such as combining a wide range imaging RF coil and a local RF coil.
- the high-frequency signal transmitted by the RF coil 103 and the nuclear magnetic resonance signal received by the RF coil 103 are collectively referred to as electromagnetic waves.
- a TEM type antenna having about 16 to 32 rungs and using the currents flowing through the rungs coupled to each other is used.
- the TEM type antenna of this embodiment has less sensitivity non-uniformity caused by the load being biased inside the antenna and the large load. For this reason, even when the distance between the rung conductor of the antenna and the sheet-like conductor is relatively close compared to the diameter of the entire cylinder, the efficiency of the antenna does not decrease and there are two feeding points. Just do it.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the antenna device 200 used as the RF coil 103 of the present embodiment.
- the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment includes a cylindrical sheet-like conductor (hereinafter referred to as a sheet-like conductor) 210 serving as a ground plane (a ground plane), and 24 sets of rungs.
- a sheet-like conductor serving as a ground plane (a ground plane)
- This is a TEM-type antenna including a unit 220 and two power feeding units 230. Since it is used as a volume coil for a trunk, it has a cylindrical shape as shown in this figure.
- the number of rungs 220 is not limited to this.
- the central axis direction of the cylindrical shape formed by the sheet-like conductor 210 is referred to as an axial direction
- the circumferential direction of a circle having a cross section orthogonal to the central axis is referred to as a circumferential direction
- the diametric direction is referred to as a radial direction.
- Figure 3 shows an enlarged view of a part of Figure 2.
- the rung section 220 includes a shunt capacitor 223, a rung capacitor 222, and a rung conductor 221.
- the rung conductor 221 is made of a strip-shaped (elongated flat plate or tape), or a rod-shaped or cylindrical conductor.
- the rung conductor 221 is disposed on a virtual cylindrical surface at a predetermined distance (space) from the sheet conductor 210 on the side where the subject 112 is disposed of the sheet conductor 210. At this time, it arrange
- the rung conductor 221 of the adjacent rung 220 is substantially parallel to the rung conductor 221.
- the 24 sets of rung portions 220 are arranged at a predetermined interval (gap 241) in the circumferential direction.
- the plate-like surface is arranged substantially parallel to the surface of the sheet-like conductor 210.
- the tape surface is arranged substantially parallel to the surface of the sheet-like conductor 210. This is because the space in the antenna device 200 is effectively used and the performance of the antenna device 200 is improved.
- the gap 241 between the adjacent rung conductors 221 is reduced, the coupling between the adjacent rung conductors 221 is increased, and the rung conductor is secured in order to secure a region through which the magnetic flux passes.
- a gap (hole: opening) 224 is provided at the center of 221.
- the rung conductor 221 of this embodiment branches into two in the region near one end, and becomes two parallel tape-like (elongated flat plate-like) branch rungs 221a and 221b in the central portion. , Merge in the region near the other end.
- a gap (hole) 224 is formed between the place where the rung conductor 221 branches and the place where the rung conductor 221 branches, and the circumferential width of the central portion is configured to be wider than the circumferential width of the end portion.
- both locations where the rung conductor 221 branches or merges are referred to as branch portions.
- branch portions When it is necessary to distinguish the two, they are referred to as a first branch 251a and a second branch 251b.
- the rung conductor 221 of the present embodiment includes a pair of branch portions 251a and 251b and a plurality of branch rungs that connect between both branch portions constituting the pair of branch portions.
- the two branch rungs 221a and 221b have the same width.
- the rung conductor 221 of this embodiment has a gap (hole) 224 in the center, the gap 240 between adjacent rung conductors 221 is narrower than the gap 241 at the end in the center of the rung 220 in the axial direction. . As a result, the coupling with the adjacent rung conductor 221 increases.
- an air gap (hole) 224 is provided in the center, a region through which the magnetic flux passes is secured. In the present embodiment, a case where one continuous gap (hole) 224 is provided in the axial direction will be described as an example.
- the rung capacitor 222 is inserted into each end region of the rung conductor 221 in the longitudinal direction.
- the first branch portion 251a and the second branch portion 251b are respectively inserted into the end portions.
- the continuous length of the rung conductor 221 is adjusted according to the arrangement position of the rung capacitor 222. As a result, the voltage at the end of the rung conductor 221 is reduced.
- the shunt capacitor 223 is inserted between the sheet conductor 210 and the rung portion 220. Accordingly, both end portions of the rung conductor 221 are connected to the sheet-like conductor 210 via the shunt capacitor 223.
- one shunt capacitor 223 and one rung capacitor 222 are arranged here, but the number of these arrangements is not limited to this.
- Two capacitors (shunt capacitor 223 and rung capacitor 222) arranged in series on one side of each rung conductor 221 may be integrated into one. Further, it may be divided into three or more in series.
- capacitors are determined by the loop circuit that resonates at the frequency of the high-frequency signal or nuclear magnetic resonance signal transmitted and received by the RF coil 103 by the rung 220 and the sheet-like conductor 210. Adjusted to constitute.
- the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment resonates at the frequency of the signal transmitted and received by the RF coil 103, and realizes a function as an antenna that performs at least one of transmission and reception.
- the power supply unit 230 includes a connection point 231 and a power supply coaxial cable 232.
- the connection point 231 is a transmission and / or reception terminal provided on one end of the rung conductor 221 and the sheet-like conductor 210 immediately below.
- the end of the coaxial cable 232 is connected to the connection point 231. That is, the inner conductor and the outer conductor of the coaxial cable 232 are connected to the rung portion 220 side and the sheet-like conductor 210 side of the connection point 231, respectively.
- the coaxial cable 232 is used as the transmission / reception cable 106 described above, and connects the antenna device 200 and the MRI apparatus 100 main body (transceiver 104).
- the antenna device 200 transmits and receives electromagnetic waves via the coaxial cable 232.
- the connection point 231 is also referred to as a transmission / reception terminal, a port of the antenna device 200, a feeding point, or the like. Further, the connection point 231 is provided for each channel.
- connection point 231 may be configured to have a matching circuit function by using several lumped constant elements such as capacitors and inductors, for example.
- the antenna device 200 includes a conductor support structure for arranging the rung conductor 221 while maintaining a predetermined distance from the sheet-like conductor 210.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a conventional antenna device 900 used as the RF coil 103.
- the antenna device 900 includes a sheet-like conductor (hereinafter referred to as a sheet-like conductor) 910 serving as a cylindrical ground plane (ground plane), 24 sets of rung portions 920, Two or four power supply units 930.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a case where four power feeding units 930 are provided.
- Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of Fig. 4 in detail.
- the rung section 920 includes a shunt capacitor 923, a rung capacitor 922, and a rung conductor 921.
- the rung conductor 921 is made of a strip-like (elongated flat plate or tape-like), rod-like or cylindrical conductor.
- the arrangement is the same as that of the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment.
- the power feeding unit 930 includes a power feeding point 931 and a power feeding coaxial cable 932, similarly to the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment.
- the gap 240 between the rung conductors 221 is smaller than the gap 940 between the rung conductors 921. Therefore, when the number of the rung portions 220 and the rung portions 920 are the same, the current coupling of the rung portion 220 of the antenna device 200 of this embodiment is larger than that of the conventional antenna device 900.
- the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment for example, when the number of rung portions 220 (920) is 24, the spread of 13 resonance modes on the frequency axis increases, and the MRI device 100 The stability of the resonance mode used when measuring the magnetic resonance signal is increased.
- the sensitivity non-uniformity caused by the deviation of the arrangement position of the load inside the antenna device 200 can be suppressed.
- non-uniformity of sensitivity due to the distance from the feeding point which is caused by a large load placed inside the antenna device 200, can be suppressed. Therefore, even when the distance between the rung conductor 221 and the sheet-like conductor 210 is relatively small compared to the diameter of the cylinder of the antenna device 200 formed by the sheet-like conductor 210, the feeding portion 230 is provided at four places. There is no need to increase it. Since the power supply unit 230 is only required in two places, it is possible to more easily cope with a high-frequency signal irradiation method called QD (Quadrature Drive).
- QD Quadrature Drive
- the cylindrical sheet-like conductor 210 was formed of a stainless steel mesh having a diameter of 710 mm, a depth of 1000 mm, and a thickness of 100 microns.
- 24 rung conductors 221 composed of a tape-like conductor having a width of 40 mm and a length of 400 mm were arranged.
- a cut was made in the central portion of the rung conductor 221 and branched into two tape-shaped conductors having a width of 20 mm.
- the maximum value in the circumferential direction of the width of the gap (hole) 224 obtained was set to 40 mm.
- the distance (gap) 240 between the adjacent rung conductors 221 is approximately 7.7 mm.
- the capacities of the rung capacitor 222 and the shunt capacitor 223 were 44 pF, respectively.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna device 200 is approximately 122 MHz.
- the cylindrical sheet-like conductor 910 was formed of a stainless steel mesh having a diameter of 710 mm, a depth of 1000 mm, and a thickness of 100 microns.
- 24 rung conductors 921 composed of a tape-like conductor having a width of 40 mm and a length of 400 mm were arranged.
- an interval (gap) 940 between adjacent rung conductors 921 is approximately 48 mm.
- the capacities of the rung capacitor 922 and the shunt capacitor 923 were 44 pF, respectively.
- the resonance frequency of the antenna device 200 is approximately 121 MHz.
- a phantom simulating a living body was used.
- the phantom has a cylindrical shape, in which an aqueous solution composed of water and an electrolyte is enclosed.
- the size of the phantom used was about 30 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length. This is a simulation of the human trunk.
- the electric conductivity of the aqueous solution filled in the phantom was set to 0.66 S / m, and the relative dielectric constant was set to 77.2.
- the phantom was installed in the center of the antenna device 200 and the antenna device 900, and a simulation was performed.
- FIG. 6 (a) is an impedance characteristic graph at a connection point (feeding point) 231 by the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment.
- the horizontal axis represents frequency, which is from 0.11 GHz to 0.155 GHz.
- the vertical axis represents the absolute value (Magnitude) of the impedance, from 0 to 400 ⁇ .
- a peak 301 near 0.122 GHz which is the second from the low frequency side, is a resonance peak used in MRI.
- the lowest frequency peak is at approximately 0.119 GHz and the highest frequency peak is at approximately 0.145 GHz.
- the difference is approximately 26 MHz.
- FIG. 6 (b) is an impedance characteristic graph at a connection point (feeding point) 931 by the conventional antenna device 900.
- the horizontal axis represents frequency, which is from 0.11 GHz to 0.155 GHz.
- the vertical axis represents the absolute value (Magnitude) of the impedance, from 0 to 500 ⁇ .
- the impedance characteristic of the conventional antenna device 900 has eleven peaks.
- the reason why the number of peaks is different from that of the antenna device 200 shown in FIG. 6 (a) is that a plurality of peaks having the highest frequency overlap and become one.
- the peak 302 near 0.121 GHz, which is the second from the low frequency side, is the resonance peak used in MRI.
- the lowest frequency peak is at approximately 0.118 GHz and the highest frequency peak is at approximately 0.135 GHz.
- the difference is approximately 17 MHz.
- the broadening of the resonance peak (26 MHz) by the antenna device 200 of this embodiment is approximately 1.5 times the broadening (17 MHz) by the conventional antenna device 900.
- the higher-order resonance mode it can be seen that the possibility of interfering with the mode used in MRI is reduced when the mode is excited.
- the phantom 113 used as a load was the same as described above. That is, the electrical conductivity of the aqueous solution filled therein was 0.66 S / m, the relative dielectric constant was 77.2, and the size of the phantom 113 was 30 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length.
- the phantom 113 is arranged in the antenna device 200 and the antenna device 900 at a position where the axial direction is centered and the radial direction is deviated from the center.
- the antenna device 200 and the antenna device 900 are arranged so that the radial center of the cross section of the phantom is located at a position 17 cm away from the center of the cross section (circle) perpendicular to the central axis of the antenna device 200.
- FIG. 7A shows a magnetic field distribution generated in the antenna apparatus 200 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 7B shows a magnetic field distribution generated in the conventional antenna apparatus 900.
- the unit of magnetic field strength is ⁇ T (micro Tesla).
- the magnetic field distribution in the region inside the phantom 113 is compared in FIG. 7 (a) and FIG. 7 (b).
- FIG. 7B it can be seen that the magnetic field intensity at the top of the figure increases, while the magnetic field intensity at the center of the phantom 113 decreases, and the uniformity within the region decreases.
- the phantom 113 is asymmetrically arranged inside the antenna device 900 at a position close to the rung portion 920, and thus nonuniform sensitivity is generated.
- the phantom 113 is arranged in the same position as FIG.7 (b), but the magnetic field is extremely near the rung 220 compared to the case of FIG.7 (b). Strength does not increase. Therefore, according to the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment, the uniformity of sensitivity within the phantom 113 is maintained even when the phantom 113 is disposed asymmetrically near the rung portion 220. I understand.
- FIG. 8 shows a graph of the absolute value profile (magnetic field profile) of the magnetic field intensity in the line 400 of FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b).
- the vertical axis represents the magnetic field strength ( ⁇ T), and the horizontal axis represents the distance (unit: mm) with the center of the antenna device 200 on the line 400 in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) as 400.
- a graph 401 indicated by a solid line is FIG. 7A, that is, a magnetic field profile by the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment, and a graph 402 indicated by a broken line is FIG. 7B, that is, a magnetic field profile by the conventional antenna device 900. It is.
- a double-ended arrow 403 is an area where the phantom 113 exists.
- the magnetic field strength increases as the rung portion 220 approaches in the phantom 113 existence region, and the magnetic field distribution, that is, the sensitivity uniformity. It can be seen that is not maintained.
- the magnetic field strength is prevented from increasing even when approaching the rung portion 220, and the magnetic field distribution, that is, the sensitivity is improved. It can be seen that the uniformity is maintained.
- the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment maintains the uniformity of sensitivity even when the subject enters the antenna asymmetrically or locally compared to the antenna device 900 of the prior art, It was shown that good sensitivity characteristics can be obtained.
- the rung conductor 221 is not limited to the above-described configuration.
- a capacitor 243 may be inserted into the branch rungs 221a and 221b.
- each branch rung 221a and 221b becomes short, and the voltage of an edge part falls. Therefore, the effect that the radiation of the electric field to the human body is reduced can be obtained.
- the insertion position of the capacitor 243 is not limited as long as it is within the branch rungs 221a and 221b. Further, each of the branch rung 221a and the branch rung 221b may be inserted at a position where the distance from the end is different.
- the branch rungs 221a and 221b included in the rung conductor 221 are not limited to the above two. It is only necessary that the gap 240 at the center with the adjacent rung conductor 221 is made smaller than the gap 241 at the end and a magnetic flux passage region can be secured. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the rung conductor 221 may be branched into three at the branch portions 251a and 251b. Two gaps (holes) 224 are provided in the center of the rung conductor 221. In this case, among the rung conductors 221 branched into three, the left and right branch rungs approach the adjacent rung conductors 221, thereby increasing the coupling with the adjacent rung conductors 221. Further, the branching portions 251a and 251b may have four or more branches.
- the number of gaps (holes) 224 is not limited to one in the axial direction. That is, a set of a plurality of first branch portions 251a and second branch portions 251b may be provided in the longitudinal direction of the rung conductor 221.
- branch rungs 221a and 221b are connected to at least part of the nearest branch rungs 221a or 221b of adjacent rung conductors 221. You may arrange so that it may overlap. As a result, the degree of coupling is increased and the effect is enhanced, rather than being closer to the circumferential direction. It should be noted that necessary and sufficient insulation measures are taken on the portion where the rung conductor 221 overlaps.
- connection terminal which is the connection point 231 between the end of the coaxial cable 232 and the antenna device 200, is installed near one end of the rung conductor 221 as shown in FIG.
- the installation position of the connection point (connection terminal) 231 is not limited to this.
- the central portion of the rung conductor 221 may be used. In this case, a gap is provided at the center of the rung conductor 221 and the coaxial cable 232 is connected to both ends thereof.
- branch rungs 221a and 221b do not have to have the same width.
- the branch rung on the side closer to the power feeding unit 230 may be made thicker than the branch rung on the far side.
- the shape of the sheet-like conductor 210 is not limited to a cylindrical shape.
- an elliptic cylinder shape may be sufficient.
- the axial length of the air gap (hole) 224 is preferably 60% or more and 80% or less of the axial length of the rung conductor 221.
- the MRI apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the magnet 101 that generates a static magnetic field to form the static magnetic field, the transmission of a high-frequency signal to the static magnetic field space, and the subject placed in the static magnetic field
- An RF coil 103 that performs at least one of reception of nuclear magnetic resonance signals generated from the RF coil 103, the RF coil 103 including a sheet-like conductor 210 and a plurality of rung portions 220.
- the sheet-like conductor 210 forms a cylindrical shape, and each of the plurality of rung portions 220 includes a rung conductor 221, a capacitor 223 that connects the sheet-like conductor 210 and both end portions of the rung conductor 221, respectively.
- the rung conductor 221 of each of the plurality of rung portions 220 has a cylindrical shape formed by the sheet-like conductor, a predetermined distance from the sheet-like conductor, and a longitudinal direction of the cylindrical shape of the cylindrical shape. As approximately parallel to the axial direction.
- Each of the rung conductors 221 has a gap 224 in the center, and the distance between adjacent rung conductors 221 is configured so that the center is smaller than the end, and the capacitor 223
- the rung 220 and the sheet-like conductor 210 are adjusted so as to form a loop circuit that resonates at the frequency of the high-frequency signal or the nuclear magnetic resonance signal.
- the rung conductor may be configured such that the circumferential width of the central portion is wider than the circumferential width of the end portion.
- the rung conductor 221 includes a pair of branch portions 251a and 251b, and a plurality of branch rungs extending in the axial direction and connecting the pair of branch portions, and the gap 224 includes the pair of branch portions 251a and 251b. It may be formed by a branch portion and two adjacent branch rungs.
- the number of the branch rungs provided in the rung conductor 221 may be two.
- branch rung included in the rung conductor 221 may be three or more.
- the rung conductor 221 may include one set of the pair of branch portions.
- the rung conductor 221 may include a rung capacitor 222 in the middle of the rung conductor 221 in the longitudinal direction.
- the rung conductor 221 may have a strip shape.
- the branch rung at the end of the branch rung portion is a region overlapping with the nearest branch rung in the circumferential direction of the branch rung of the rung conductor 221 adjacent to the rung conductor 221 to which the branch rung belongs. You may have.
- the cylindrical shape may be a cylindrical shape.
- the axial central portion is close between the adjacent rung conductors 221, so that the current coupling increases.
- the end portion maintains the same gap as in the prior art. Therefore, the electric field coupling does not increase. Therefore, according to the antenna device of the present embodiment, the electric field coupling can be suppressed while the current coupling between the rung conductors 221 is increased, and accordingly, the frequency spread of the resonance mode can be increased. it can. Thereby, since the frequencies of the resonance modes are separated from each other, even if the frequency is shifted due to a change in the situation inside the antenna device, it is difficult to be affected by being superimposed on other resonance modes. Therefore, the main resonance mode to be used can be stabilized.
- the resonance mode is stable, the distance between the rung conductor of the antenna and the sheet-like conductor can be relatively close compared to the diameter of the entire cylinder. Therefore, according to this embodiment, an antenna device having a wide internal space can be provided. Therefore, it is possible to realize a trunk volume coil having high uniformity of sensitivity and a wide examination space.
- the antenna device 200 of the present embodiment may be a reception-only antenna, a transmission-only antenna, or a transmission / reception antenna. Further, the antenna device of the above embodiment can be applied not only as an RF coil of an MRI apparatus but also to any device that uses an electromagnetic wave having a frequency of several MHz to several GHz.
- MRI device 101 magnet, 102 gradient coil, 103 RF coil, 104 transceiver, 105 data processing unit, 106 transmission / reception cable, 107 gradient magnetic field control cable, 108 display, 109 gradient magnetic field power supply, 111 bed, 112 subject , 113 phantom, 200 antenna device, 210 sheet conductor, 220 rung, 221 rung conductor, 221a branch rung, 221b branch rung, 222 rung capacitor, 223 shunt capacitor, 224 air gap, 230 feed, 231 connection point, 232 coaxial Cable, 240 gap, 241 gap, 243 capacitor, 251a first branch, 251b second branch, 301 peak, 302 peak, 400 line, 401 graph, 402 graph, 403 double-ended arrow, 710 diameter, 900 antenna device , 910 ⁇ sheet conductor, 920 rung section, 921 rung conductor, 922 rung capacitor, 923 shunt capacitor, 930 power supply Section, 931 feed point, 932 feed co
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Abstract
Description
用いたファントムのサイズは、直径30センチ、長さ50センチ程度とした。これは、ヒトの体幹部を模擬したものである。ファントムの内部に満たされる水溶液の電気伝導度は0.66S/m、比誘電率は77.2と設定した。このファントムをアンテナ装置200およびアンテナ装置900の内部中心に設置し、シミュレーションを行った。
Claims (12)
- 静磁場を発生し静磁場を形成するマグネットと、前記静磁場空間への高周波信号の送信および前記静磁場内に置かれた被検体から発生する核磁気共鳴信号の受信の少なくとも一方を行うRFコイルと、を備えた磁気共鳴イメージング装置において、
前記RFコイルは、
シート状導体と、
複数のラング部と、を備え、
前記シート状導体は、筒形状を形成し、
前記複数のラング部の各々は、
ラング導体と、
前記シート状導体と前記ラング導体の両端部とをそれぞれ接続するキャパシタと、を備え、
前記複数のラング部のラング導体は、前記シート状導体が形成する筒形状の内部に、当該シート状導体から所定の距離をおいて、当該筒形状の軸方向を長手方向として前記軸方向に略平行にそれぞれ配置され、
前記ラング導体は、中央部に空隙を有し、隣り合うラング導体間の距離が、当該中央部の方が端部より小さくなるよう構成され、
前記キャパシタは、前記ラング部と前記シート状導体とにより、前記高周波信号または前記核磁気共鳴信号の周波数で共振するループ回路を構成するよう調整されていること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、前記中央部の周方向の幅が、前記端部の周方向の幅より広く構成されていること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、
一対の分岐部と、
前記軸方向に延伸し、前記一対の分岐部間を接続する複数の分岐ラングと、を備え、
前記空隙は、前記一対の分岐部と、隣接する2つの前記分岐ラングとにより形成されること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体が備える前記分岐ラングは、2つであること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体が備える前記分岐ラングは、3以上であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、前記一対の分岐部を1組備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、当該ラング導体の長手方向の途中にラングキャパシタを備えること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、ストリップ形状を有すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項3記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記分岐ラングのうち、端部の分岐ラングは、当該分岐ラングが属する前記ラング導体に隣接する前記ラング導体の前記分岐ラングのうち、最も近接する分岐ラングと前記周方向に重なる領域を有すること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 請求項1記載の磁気共鳴イメージング装置であって、
前記筒形状は、円筒形状であること
を特徴とする磁気共鳴イメージング装置。 - 所定の周波数の信号を送信および受信の少なくとも一方を行うアンテナ装置であって、 シート状導体と、
複数のラング部と、を備え、
前記シート状導体は、筒形状を形成し、
前記複数のラング部の各々は、
ラング導体と、
前記シート状導体と前記ラング導体の両端部とをそれぞれ接続するキャパシタと、を備え、
前記複数のラング部のラング導体は、前記シート状導体が形成する筒形状の内部に、当該シート状導体から所定の距離をおいて、当該筒形状の軸方向を長手方向として前記軸方向に略平行にそれぞれ配置され、
前記ラング導体は、中央部に空隙を有し、隣り合うラング導体間の距離が、当該中央部の方が端部より小さくなるよう構成され、
前記キャパシタは、前記ラング部と前記シート状導体とにより、前記高周波信号または前記核磁気共鳴信号の周波数で共振するループ回路を構成するよう調整されていること
を特徴とするアンテナ装置。 - 請求項11記載のアンテナ装置であって、
前記ラング導体は、前記中央部の周方向の幅が、前記端部の周方向の幅より広く構成されていること
を特徴とするアンテナ装置。
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US14/440,125 US10126382B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2013-10-28 | Magnetic resonance imaging apparatus and antenna device |
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