WO2014057865A1 - 排気ガス浄化装置 - Google Patents
排気ガス浄化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014057865A1 WO2014057865A1 PCT/JP2013/076976 JP2013076976W WO2014057865A1 WO 2014057865 A1 WO2014057865 A1 WO 2014057865A1 JP 2013076976 W JP2013076976 W JP 2013076976W WO 2014057865 A1 WO2014057865 A1 WO 2014057865A1
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- purification
- exhaust gas
- path
- bypass path
- bypass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9431—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9495—Controlling the catalytic process
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
- F01N13/087—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits having valves upstream of silencing apparatus for by-passing at least part of exhaust directly to atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2410/00—By-passing, at least partially, exhaust from inlet to outlet of apparatus, to atmosphere or to other device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
- F01N2590/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for marine vessels or naval applications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/06—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being in the gaseous form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
- F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
- F01N2610/146—Control thereof, e.g. control of injectors or injection valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2093—Periodically blowing a gas through the converter, e.g. in a direction opposite to exhaust gas flow or by reversing exhaust gas flow direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for purifying exhaust gas in an internal combustion engine (engine) such as a diesel engine.
- diesel A diesel generator that combines an engine and a generator that generates electricity by driving the diesel engine (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- Diesel engines are known to be one of the most energy efficient types of internal combustion engines, and the amount of carbon dioxide contained in exhaust gas per unit output is small.
- a low-quality fuel such as heavy oil can be used, there is an advantage that it is economically excellent.
- the exhaust gas of a diesel engine contains a large amount of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and particulate matter. These are mainly derived from heavy oil, which is a fuel, and are harmful substances that hinder environmental conservation. In particular, nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as NOx) are harmful to human bodies and exhibit strong acidity, and are also considered to cause acid rain. Accordingly, it is understood that a machine that drives a diesel generator, such as a ship, has a very large amount of NOx emission and a large burden on the global environment.
- a selective catalytic reduction method (hereinafter referred to as an SCR method) using urea as a reducing agent has become common as a post-treatment means for greatly purifying NOx.
- the SCR method uses a NOx catalyst having a honeycomb structure made of a material in which an active component such as V or Cr is supported on an oxide carrier such as Ti.
- an active component such as V or Cr
- an oxide carrier such as Ti.
- the applicant of the present application has previously provided a purification casing that accommodates the NOx catalyst in the exhaust path of the engine, and bypasses the exhaust gas from the upstream side of the purification casing in the exhaust path without bypassing the NOx catalyst. Proposed to branch off.
- the exhaust gas is sent to the purification casing while navigating within the regulated sea area, and the exhaust gas is sent to the bypass path side while navigating outside the regulated sea area, thereby extending the life of the NOx catalyst, reducing running costs, There is an advantage that the purification performance can be maintained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purifying apparatus which has been improved by examining the current situation as described above.
- the invention of claim 1 is an exhaust gas purification device provided in an exhaust path of an engine, comprising a purification casing that contains at least a purification catalyst for purifying exhaust gas from the engine, and allows the purification catalyst to pass through.
- a bypass path for bypassing the exhaust gas is provided integrally with the purification casing separately from the purification path with the purification catalyst.
- the bypass path is provided in the purification casing.
- the purification casing is partitioned into the purification path and the bypass path by a partition plate extending along a discharge direction of the exhaust gas. It is that.
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path, the inside of the purification casing is partitioned by the partition plate.
- the purification catalyst on the purification path side is configured to be warmed up using heat.
- the purification path and the bypass path are merged at an outlet portion of the purification casing.
- the exhaust gas is discharged in a branching portion between the purification path and the bypass path.
- a path switching member for switching to the bypass path is provided.
- the path switching member is constituted by a switching valve provided on each of an inlet side of the purification path and an inlet side of the bypass path. When the switching valve is opened, it operates to close the other.
- the two switching valves are interlocked and connected so that when one is opened via a link mechanism, the other is closed.
- a drive mechanism for opening / closing operation is connected to either one of them.
- the path switching member is a swing valve that closes the other when one of the inlet side of the purification path and the inlet side of the bypass path is opened. It is said that it is constituted by.
- a tenth aspect of the present invention is the exhaust gas purifying device according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein an upstream portion of the purifying catalyst in the purifying casing is provided with an air blowing portion for blowing gas to the purifying catalyst. That is.
- the gas ejection from the gas blowing section is stopped. Is.
- the exhaust gas purifying apparatus further includes a reducing agent supply unit that supplies a reducing agent for NOx reduction to the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path. Furthermore, the supply of the reducing agent from the reducing agent supply unit is stopped.
- an exhaust gas purification apparatus provided in the exhaust path of an engine, Comprising: The purification catalyst which accommodates at least the purification catalyst which purifies the exhaust gas from the said engine is provided, The said purification catalyst In addition to the purification path with the purification catalyst, a bypass path that bypasses the exhaust gas without passing through the purification catalyst is integrally provided in the purification casing, so that when exhaust gas purification processing is required (regulated sea area) The exhaust gas may be sent to the purification path side during navigation, and the exhaust gas may be sent to the bypass path side when purification treatment is not required (during navigation outside the regulated sea area). Therefore, it is possible to efficiently treat the exhaust gas and extend the life of the purification catalyst.
- bypass path is integrally provided in the purification casing, the piping distance of the bypass path can be shortened and the initial cost can be reduced as compared with a case where a bypass path is separately provided outside the purification casing.
- the exhaust gas purification device itself can be made compact, and the installation space for the exhaust gas purification device can be reduced. For this reason, it becomes easy to mount the exhaust gas purification device in a narrow engine room in a ship or the like, for example.
- the partition plate since the inside of the purification casing is partitioned into the purification path and the bypass path by the partition plate extending along the exhaust gas discharge direction, the partition plate is added. With only a simple configuration, two paths can be formed in the purification casing. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the exhaust gas purification device can be reduced.
- the purification catalyst on the purification path side is formed by partitioning the purification casing with the partition plate and using the heat of the exhaust gas when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path. Therefore, regardless of whether or not the exhaust gas is purified, the purification catalyst can always be warmed up to easily maintain the activated state.
- the exhaust gas purified through the purification path and the bypass path are passed through. Both the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas thus delivered can be sent to the downstream side of the exhaust path connected to the outlet of the purification casing. Accordingly, the exhaust structure can be simplified and the initial cost can be reduced.
- the path switching member closes only one of the purification path and the bypass path, and simultaneously closes both the purification path and the bypass path. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the exhaust passage from being completely blocked, or to significantly reduce the risk of complete blockage.
- the both switching valves are interlocked and connected so that when one is opened via a link mechanism, the other is closed, and a drive mechanism for opening / closing operation is provided on one of the both switching valves. Since they are connected, the risk of complete blockage of the exhaust path can be greatly reduced, and the two switching valves can be opened and closed by one drive mechanism, and the structure can be simplified.
- an upstream part of the purification catalyst in the purification casing is provided with an air blowing part for blowing gas to the purification catalyst.
- the dust collected in the exhaust gas can be forcibly removed, and the maintenance workability of the exhaust gas purification device can be improved and the life can be extended.
- the exhaust gas passes through the purification path because the exhaust gas is stopped from being ejected when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path. Except for the case, it is not necessary to spray gas on the purification catalyst. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of gas that is blown onto the purification catalyst, thereby contributing to the reduction of running costs.
- the exhaust gas further includes a reducing agent supply unit that supplies a reducing agent for NOx reduction to the exhaust gas, and the reduction from the reducing agent supply unit when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path. Since the supply of the agent is stopped, when the purification process is unnecessary (for example, during navigation outside the regulated sea area), the reducing agent is not consumed wastefully.
- the reducing agent can be efficiently supplied according to the necessity of the purification treatment.
- the ship 1 includes a hull 2, a cabin 4 provided at a rear portion of the hull 2 on the deck 3, a funnel 5 (chimney) disposed behind the cabin 4, and a rear lower portion of the hull 2.
- a provided propeller 6 and a rudder 7 are provided.
- a main engine 8 and a speed reducer 9 that are driving sources of the propeller 6, and a power generator 10 for supplying electric power to the electrical system in the ship 2 are installed.
- the propeller 6 is rotationally driven by the rotational power from the main engine 8 via the speed reducer 9.
- the power generation apparatus 10 includes a diesel generator 11 that combines a power generation diesel engine 12 (hereinafter referred to as a power generation engine) and a power generator 13 that generates power by driving the power generation engine 12.
- the generated power generated by driving the generator 13 is supplied to the electrical system in the ship 2.
- the generator 13 is electrically connected to a power transducer 15 in the generator control panel 14.
- the power transducer 15 is for detecting the power generated by the generator 13. Based on the detection information of the power transducer 15, the drive of the generator engine 12 is controlled so that the generated power matches the target power set in advance on the generator control panel 14.
- the power transducer 15 is also electrically connected to a controller 55 of a reducing agent supply device 43 described later.
- a fuel tank 16 for storing fuel (heavy oil) of the power generation engine 12 is installed in the hull 2.
- a supply line 17 is connected to the fuel tank 16.
- a fuel inlet valve 18, a fuel filter 19, and a fuel flow meter 20 are provided on the upstream side of the supply pipeline 17.
- the fuel flow meter 20 is electrically connected to a controller 55 of a reducing agent supply device 43 described later.
- a feed line 21 extends from the downstream side of the fuel flow meter 20.
- the feed line 21 is connected to a fuel pump (not shown) of the power generation engine 12.
- the fuel sent to the fuel pump 16 is injected into a combustion chamber (not shown) for each cylinder in the power generation engine 12 by a fuel injection device (not shown) provided in the power generation engine 12.
- a return chamber 22 is provided in the middle of the feed line 21.
- a return line 23 extending from the fuel injection device to the outside of the power generation engine 12 is connected to the fuel tank 16 via a return chamber 22. Accordingly, unused surplus fuel in the power generation engine 12 is returned to the fuel tank 16 through the return line 23.
- a check valve 24 is provided downstream of the return chamber 22 in the return line 23.
- the power generation engine 12 is connected to an intake path (not shown) for air intake and an exhaust path 25 for exhaust gas discharge.
- the air taken in through the intake path is sent into each cylinder of the power generation engine 12 (inside the cylinder in the intake stroke).
- the compression stroke of each cylinder is completed, the fuel sucked up from the fuel tank 16 is pumped into the combustion chamber (sub chamber) for each cylinder by the fuel injection device, so that the air-fuel mixture is self-ignited in each combustion chamber. An expansion stroke accompanying combustion is performed.
- the exhaust path 25 of the power generation engine 12 extends to the funnel 5.
- a post-treatment device 27 is provided as an exhaust gas purification device for purifying exhaust gas.
- the exhaust stroke after the expansion stroke the exhaust gas sent from the power generation engine 12 to the exhaust path 25 is released to the outside of the ship 1 via the post-treatment device 27.
- a NOx catalyst 62 and a slip treatment catalyst 63 are accommodated as purification catalysts.
- the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 are disposed on the purification path 28 side in the post-treatment device 27.
- the post-processing device 27 is integrally provided with a bypass path 29.
- the bypass path 29 is for bypassing the exhaust gas without passing through the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- the bypass path 29 of the first embodiment is provided in the post-processing device 27.
- the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29 are merged at the outlet of the aftertreatment device 27 (downstream from the slip treatment catalyst 63).
- the NOx catalyst 62 may be used without the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- a purification side switching valve 30 and a bypass side switching valve 31 are provided as path switching members for switching the exhaust gas discharge direction between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- the purification side switching valve 30 is provided on the inlet side of the purification path 28.
- the bypass side switching valve 31 is provided on the inlet side of the bypass path 29.
- Each switching valve 30, 31 is for selecting a path through which the exhaust gas passes, and has a relationship that when one is opened, the other is closed.
- the purification side switching valve 30 is opened and the bypass side switching valve 31 is closed
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 25 passes through the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the post-treatment device 27 and is subjected to purification processing. Then, it is discharged out of the ship 1.
- the bypass side switching valve 31 is opened and the purification side switching valve 30 is closed, the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 bypasses the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip processing catalyst 63 in the post-processing device 27 and performs the purification process. Without being discharged outside the ship 1.
- One of the switching valves 30 and 31 is a gas-operated type.
- the drive unit of the bypass side switching valve 31 is connected to the gas trunk line 33 extending from the gas supply source 32 via the gas branch line 34.
- the gas supply source 32 of the first embodiment supplies air (which may be nitrogen gas) as compressed gas for operating the switching valves 30 and 31.
- a gate valve 35 and a pressure reducing valve 36 are provided in the middle of each gas branch line 34 in order from the upstream side.
- Both switching valves 30 and 31 are interlocked and connected via a link mechanism 110. Therefore, when the bypass side switching valve 31 is opened or closed by the air from the gas supply source 32, the purification side switching valve 30 is closed or opened via the link mechanism 110.
- the drive part of the bypass side switching valve 31, the gas trunk line 33, the gas branch line 34, and the gas supply source 32 correspond to a drive mechanism for opening and closing operations.
- the outlet side of the gas main pipe line 33 is connected to a jet nozzle 37 as a jet section provided on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 and the upstream side of the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the post-treatment device 27.
- the blow nozzle 37 blows the compressed gas from the gas supply source 32 toward the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63. By the action of the blow nozzle 37, the dust accumulated in the aftertreatment device 27 during use can be forcibly removed.
- a gate valve 38, a pressure reducing valve 39, an air filter 40, a reducer 41, and a fusible solenoid valve are arranged in this order from the upstream side between the most downstream air branch pipe 34 and the two jet nozzles 37 in the gas trunk pipe 33. 42 is provided.
- the fusible solenoid valve 42 is electrically connected to a controller 55 of a reducing agent supply device 43 described later, and is configured to open and close based on control information from the controller 55.
- the reducing agent supply device 43 is for supplying a reducing agent for NOx reduction to the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 25, and includes a reducing agent supply passage 44 and a reducing agent control panel 45.
- One end side of the reducing agent supply passage 44 is connected to a urea water tank 46 that stores a urea aqueous solution (hereinafter referred to as urea water) as a reducing agent.
- the other end side of the reducing agent supply passage 44 is connected to a urea water injection nozzle 47 as a reducing agent supply portion provided upstream of the branch portion of the purification passage 28 and the bypass passage 29 in the exhaust passage 25.
- the urea water injection nozzle 47 may be provided on the downstream side of the branch portion between the purification path and the bypass path 29.
- a urea water inlet valve 48, a reducer 49, a feed pump 50, a urea water filter 51, a urea water flow meter 52, an electromagnetic solenoid valve 53 for injection, and the like are provided in this order from the upstream side.
- the feed pump 50 sucks up urea water in the urea water tank 46 and discharges it toward the urea water injection nozzle 47.
- An electric motor 54 is connected to the feed pump 50.
- the urea water supply amount from the feed pump 50 is adjusted by adjusting the rotational drive amount of the electric motor 54 based on control information from the controller 55 described later via the inverter 56.
- the injection solenoid valve 53 is electrically connected to a controller 55 described later, and is configured to open and close based on control information from the controller 55.
- the spraying of urea water from the urea water injection nozzle 47 may be configured as an air assist type. That is, the urea water may be atomized by the compressed gas and injected from the urea water injection nozzle 47.
- the reducing agent control panel 45 includes a controller 55 as a control means, an inverter 56, a temperature controller 57, and a pressure sensor 58 as a clogging detection means for detecting a clogged state of the post-processing device 27.
- the controller 55 mainly performs a reducing agent adjustment control to operate the feed pump 50 and the injection electromagnetic valve 53 so as to supply an appropriate amount of urea water corresponding to the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas to the exhaust passage 25. To do.
- the controller 55 includes a CPU for executing various arithmetic processes and controls, a ROM for storing control programs and data, a RAM for temporarily storing control programs and data, and an input / output It has an interface.
- the controller 55 is electrically connected to the electric motor 54 via the inverter 56, while the temperature sensor 59 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust path 25 is electrically connected via the temperature regulator 57. Has been.
- the controller 55 includes a power transducer 15 of the generator control panel 14, a fuel flow meter 20, a urea water flow meter 52, a pressure sensor 58, a urea water amount sensor 60 for detecting a urea water storage amount, a fumarole electromagnetic valve 42, and The injection solenoid valve 53 is also electrically connected.
- Pressure sensors 58 as clogging detection means are provided on the upstream and downstream sides of the exhaust passage 25 with the post-processing device 27 interposed therebetween.
- pressure sensors 58 are arranged on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 and the downstream side of the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the post-processing device 27.
- the difference between the detection values of the two pressure sensors 58, that is, the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides with respect to the post-processing device 27 is obtained, and the amount of dust accumulated in the post-processing device 27 is converted based on the pressure difference.
- the jet solenoid valve 42 When the pressure difference becomes equal to or larger than the set value, the jet solenoid valve 42 is opened by a command from the controller 55, the compressed gas is sent from the gas supply source 32 to the two jet nozzles 37, and the NOx catalyst 62 or A compressed gas is blown toward the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 passes through the bypass path 29, it is possible to stop the ejection of the compressed gas from each of the jet nozzles 37, except when the exhaust gas passes through the purification path 28.
- a pressure sensor 58 is provided on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62, and the pressure (reference pressure value) on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 in a new state in which no dust is accumulated in the post-processing device 27 is stored in the ROM of the controller 55 or the like. Pre-stored, the current pressure at the same measurement location is detected by the pressure sensor 58, the pressure difference between the reference pressure value and the detected value of the pressure sensor 58 is obtained, and the post-processing device 27 is based on the pressure difference. The dust accumulation amount may be converted.
- the temperature sensor 59 for detecting the exhaust gas temperature in the exhaust path 25 is provided on the downstream side of the post-processing device 27 in the exhaust path 25.
- a predetermined temperature for example, 305 ° C.
- the injection electromagnetic valve 53 is opened by a command from the controller 55, and the urea water tank 46 is driven by driving the feed pump 50.
- the urea water is sent from the urea water injection nozzle 47 to the urea water injection nozzle 47, and the urea water is injected into the exhaust passage 25 from the urea water injection nozzle 47.
- the urea water amount sensor 60 for detecting the urea water storage amount is of a float type and is disposed in the urea water tank 46. In this case, the urea water storage amount in the urea water tank 46 is detected based on the change in the vertical height position of the urea water amount sensor 60.
- the controller 55 is configured to adjust the amount of urea water supplied from the feed pump 50 by adjusting the rotational drive amount of the electric motor 54 via the inverter 56 based on the generated power amount detected by the power transducer 15.
- the controller 55 is configured to adjust the amount of urea water supplied from the feed pump 50 by adjusting the rotational drive amount of the electric motor 54 via the inverter 56 based on the generated power amount detected by the power transducer 15.
- the urea water supply amount (reducing agent supply amount) necessary for NOx reduction is proportional to the amount of generated power, that is, the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.
- the controller 55 for example, ROM
- the controller 55 for example, ROM
- the controller 55 obtains the urea water supply amount necessary for NOx reduction from the generated power amount detected by the power transducer 15 and a map or function table stored in advance in the controller 55, and the determined supply amount
- the electric motor 54 is rotationally driven to adjust the amount of operation of the feed pump 50 so that urea water is injected from the urea water injection nozzle 47 within an appropriate time.
- the power transducer 15 corresponds to NOx detection means. That is, the power transducer 15 detects the amount of power generated by the generator 13, and the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is indirectly calculated based on the detection result of the power transducer 15.
- the NOx detection means is not limited to the power transducer 15 and may be one that detects the output of the power generation engine 12 or may be one that detects the load of the power generation engine 12 from the fuel injection amount. Alternatively, the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas may be directly detected. Further, in addition to the motor rotation control by the inverter, the urea water may be circulated at a constant rotation speed, and the injection amount of the urea water may be controlled by the metering valve.
- the post-processing device 27 includes a NOx catalyst 62 that promotes the reduction of NOx in the exhaust gas in an order from the upstream side in the purification casing 61 made of a heat-resistant metal material formed in a rectangular tube shape, and an extra reduction supplied.
- a slip treatment catalyst 63 that accelerates the oxidation treatment of the agent (in the embodiment, ammonia after hydrolysis) is accommodated in series.
- Each of the catalysts 62 and 63 has a honeycomb structure composed of a large number of cells partitioned by porous (filterable) partition walls, and has a catalytic metal such as alumina, zirconia, vanadia / titania, or zeolite. is doing.
- the NOx catalyst 62 uses the ammonia produced by the hydrolysis of the urea water from the urea water injection nozzle 47 as a reducing agent to selectively reduce NOx in the exhaust gas, whereby the exhaust gas sent into the aftertreatment device 27. Is to purify.
- the slip treatment catalyst 63 oxidizes unreacted (surplus) ammonia flowing out of the NOx catalyst 62 to harmless nitrogen.
- a purification path 28 for accommodating the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 is formed. Further, the purification casing 61 is integrally provided with a bypass path 29. In the first embodiment, the bypass path 29 is provided in the purification casing 61. That is, a partition plate 64 extending along the exhaust gas discharge direction is attached in the purification casing 61. The partition plate 64 partitions the purification casing 61 into a purification path 28 and a bypass path 29. By partitioning the inside of the purification casing 61 with the partition plate 64, when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path 29, the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 on the purification path 28 side are warmed up using the heat of the exhaust gas. It is possible.
- the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 can always be warmed up to easily maintain the activated state regardless of whether or not the exhaust gas is purified.
- the warm-up operation is not required, so that the exhaust gas purification can be performed quickly.
- the upstream end portion of the partition plate 64 is in close contact with the front inner surface of the inlet portion 65 on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 in the purification casing 61.
- the downstream end portion of the partition plate 64 is interrupted in the outlet portion 66 on the downstream side of the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the purification casing 61. For this reason, the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29 merge at the outlet 66 of the purification casing 61.
- the front surface of the inlet 65 of the purification casing 61 is formed with the first exhaust gas inlet 67 close to the purification path 28 and the second exhaust gas inlet 68 close to the bypass path 29.
- a purification-side intake pipe 69 that communicates with the first exhaust gas inlet 67 and a bypass-side intake pipe 70 that communicates with the second exhaust gas inlet 68 are provided on the front outer surface of the inlet 65.
- the purification side intake pipe 69 and the bypass side intake pipe 70 are connected to the bifurcated pipe 71.
- a purification side intake pipe 69 is fastened to the purification outlet side 72 of the bifurcated pipe 71 via a flange, and a bypass side intake pipe 70 is fastened to the bypass outlet side 73 of the bifurcated pipe 71 via a flange.
- the inlet side 74 of the bifurcated pipe 71 is connected to the upstream side of the exhaust path 25 via a flange.
- the bifurcated pipe 71 corresponds to a branch portion between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- a purification-side switching valve 30 is provided inside the purification outlet side 72 of the bifurcated pipe 71 corresponding to the inlet side of the purification path 28.
- a bypass-side switching valve 31 is provided inside the bypass outlet side 73 of the bifurcated pipe 71 that hits the inlet side of the bypass path 29.
- a discharge port 75 is formed near the purification path 28 on the rear surface of the outlet 66 of the purification casing 61.
- An exhaust gas discharge pipe 76 communicating with the discharge port 75 is provided on the rear outer surface of the outlet portion 66.
- the exhaust gas discharge pipe 76 is connected to the downstream side of the exhaust path 25 via a flange.
- an injection nozzle 37 as an injection unit is attached to the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 and the upstream side of the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- three nozzles 37 are attached to one side of the purification casing 61 on the upstream side of the NOx catalyst 62 and three on the upstream side of the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- a plurality of inspection windows 77 (three places in the first embodiment) are formed on the other side surface of the purification casing 61. Each inspection window 77 is formed for the inspection and maintenance of the inside of the purification casing 61, the jet nozzle 37, the NOx catalyst 62, and the slip treatment catalyst 63.
- Each inspection window 77 is normally closed by a lid cover 78 so as to be opened and closed.
- Each lid cover 78 is detachably fastened to the edge of the corresponding inspection window 77 with a mounting bolt.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 passes through the purification path 28. That is, it enters the purification casing 61 via the purification outlet side 72, the purification side intake pipe 69 and the first exhaust gas inlet 67 of the bifurcated pipe 71, and passes through the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 to be purified.
- the exhaust gas after the purification treatment enters the downstream side of the exhaust passage 25 from the discharge port 75 of the outlet portion 66 of the purification casing 61 through the exhaust gas discharge pipe 76, and is discharged outside the purification casing 61 and thus outside the ship 1.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 passes through the bypass path 29. That is, it enters the purification casing 61 via the bypass outlet side 73, the bypass side intake pipe 70 and the second exhaust gas inlet 68 of the bifurcated pipe 71, and performs the purification process bypassing the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63. Without passing through the bypass path 29.
- the exhaust gas that has passed through the bypass path 29 enters the downstream side of the exhaust path 25 from the discharge port 75 of the outlet 66 of the purification casing 61 through the exhaust gas discharge pipe 76, and is discharged outside the purification casing 61 and thus outside the ship 1.
- both the switching valves 30 and 31 require the exhaust gas purification process (for example, during navigation in the regulated sea area) and when the purification process is unnecessary (for example, during navigation outside the regulated sea area).
- the path through which the exhaust gas passes can be easily selected. Therefore, the exhaust gas can be processed efficiently according to the necessity of the purification process.
- both the switching valves 30 and 31 operate in conjunction with each other and do not close at the same time, it is possible to reliably prevent the exhaust passage 25 from being completely blocked, or to significantly reduce the possibility of complete blocking.
- the exhaust gas purifying device 27 provided in the exhaust path 25 of the engine 12 includes the purification casing 61 that houses at least the purification catalysts 62 and 63 that purify the exhaust gas from the engine 12.
- a bypass passage 29 for bypassing the exhaust gas without passing through the purification catalysts 62 and 63 is provided integrally with the purification casing 61 separately from the purification passage 28 having the purification catalysts 62 and 63. Therefore, exhaust gas is sent to the purification path 28 when exhaust gas purification treatment is necessary (during navigation within the regulated sea area), and exhaust gas is exhausted when purification treatment is not required (during navigation outside the regulated sea area). May be sent to the bypass path 29 side. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently treat the exhaust gas and extend the life of the purification catalysts 62 and 63.
- bypass path 29 is integrally provided in the purification casing 61, the piping distance of the bypass path 29 can be shortened and the initial cost can be reduced as compared with the case where a bypass path is separately provided outside the purification casing. Can be planned.
- the exhaust gas purification device 27 itself can be made compact, and the installation space for the exhaust gas purification device 27 can be reduced. For this reason, for example, the exhaust gas purification device 27 can be easily mounted in a narrow engine room in a ship or the like.
- the partition plate 64 is simply added. With only a simple configuration, two paths can be formed in the purification casing 61. Therefore, the manufacturing cost of the exhaust gas purification device 27 can be reduced.
- the purification catalysts 62, 63 on the purification path 28 side are used by using heat of the exhaust gas. Therefore, regardless of whether or not the exhaust gas is purified, the purification catalysts 62 and 63 can always be warmed up to easily maintain the activated state. When the exhaust gas passes through the purification path 28, the warm-up operation is not required, so that the exhaust gas purification can be performed quickly.
- the exhaust gas purified through the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29 pass through. Both the exhaust gas and the exhaust gas thus sent are sent to the downstream side of the exhaust passage 25 connected to the outlet 66 of the purification casing 61. Accordingly, the exhaust structure can be simplified and the initial cost can be reduced.
- path switching members 30 and 31 for switching the exhaust gas discharge direction between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29 are provided at a branching portion 71 between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- Routes 28 and 29 through which exhaust gas passes are used when exhaust gas purification processing is necessary (for example, during navigation in a regulated sea area) and when purification processing is not necessary (for example, during navigation outside the regulated sea area). Easy to select. Therefore, the exhaust gas can be processed efficiently according to the necessity of the purification process.
- the path switching members 30 and 31 close only one of the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29, and do not simultaneously close both the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- the path switching member (both switching valves 30, 31) is interlocked and connected so that when one is opened via the link mechanism 110, the other is closed, and either of the switching valves 30, 31 is connected. Since the drive mechanism for opening / closing operation is connected, the possibility of complete blockage of the exhaust passage 25 can be greatly reduced, and the two switching valves 30, 31 can be opened / closed by one drive mechanism, thereby simplifying the structure. it can.
- An air blowing portion 37 for blowing gas to the purification catalysts 62, 63 is provided on the upstream side of the purification catalysts 62, 63 in the purification casing 61. Therefore, the purification catalyst is used during use by the action of the air blowing portion 37.
- the dust accumulated in 62 and 63 can be forcibly removed, and the maintenance workability of the exhaust gas purification device 27 can be improved and the life can be extended.
- a reducing agent supply unit 47 that supplies a reducing agent for NOx reduction to the exhaust gas is provided, and the supply of the reducing agent from the reducing agent supply unit 47 is stopped when the exhaust gas passes through the bypass path 29.
- the purification process is unnecessary (for example, during navigation outside the regulated sea area)
- the reducing agent is not consumed wastefully.
- the reducing agent can be efficiently supplied according to the necessity of the purification treatment.
- the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas and hence the urea water supply amount (reducing agent supply amount) necessary for NOx reduction, is grasped from the generated power amount detected by the power transducer 15, the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas.
- the amount of urea water commensurate with this can be supplied to the exhaust passage 25. Therefore, NOx in the exhaust gas can be efficiently decomposed into nitrogen and water by the action of the NOx catalyst 62 in the aftertreatment device 27.
- urea water in an amount corresponding to the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is supplied to the exhaust passage 25, ammonia slip that releases unreacted (excess amount) ammonia to the outside can be suppressed.
- the slip treatment catalyst 63 that promotes the oxidation treatment of the excessively supplied reducing agent (hydrolyzed ammonia) is disposed downstream of the NOx catalyst 62.
- the excess reducing agent that is about to pass through the NOx catalyst 62 without being reacted can be rendered harmless by oxidizing it with nitrogen, and the possibility of ammonia remaining in the exhaust gas can be reliably avoided.
- the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 can be packaged, and the downstream side of the exhaust structure can be configured compactly.
- the power transducer 15 as the NOx detection means is configured to detect the amount of power generated by the generator 13 and indirectly determine the NOx concentration in the exhaust gas based on the detection result of the power transducer 15.
- a sensor dedicated to NOx concentration detection is not required, and the configuration can be simplified to contribute to a reduction in manufacturing cost.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a gas actuated swing valve 80 is provided as a path switching member at a branch portion between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- the swing valve 80 is configured such that when one of the inlet side of the purification path 28 and the inlet side of the bypass path 29 is opened, the other is closed.
- the upstream end of the partition plate 64 is interrupted in the inlet 65 located upstream of the NOx catalyst 62 in the purification casing 61.
- a pivot fulcrum shaft 81 of the swing valve 80 is pivotally supported at the upstream end of the partition plate 64 so as to be pivotable.
- the inlet 65 of the purification casing is provided with a first inlet plate 82 having a purification inlet 84 communicating with the purification path 28 and a second inlet plate 83 having a bypass inlet 85 communicating with the bypass path 29.
- the first inlet plate 82 is disposed on the inlet side of the purification path 28, and the second inlet plate 83 is disposed on the inlet side of the bypass path 29.
- the swing valve 80 By swinging around the pivot fulcrum shaft 81, the swing valve 80 is in close contact with the front side of the first inlet plate 82 and closes the purification inlet 84, or in close contact with the front side of the second inlet plate 83 and the bypass inlet 85.
- An inlet 86 is formed in front of the inlet 65 of the purification casing 61.
- An exhaust gas intake pipe 87 that communicates with the inlet 86 is provided on the front outer surface of the inlet 65.
- the exhaust gas intake pipe 87 is connected to the upstream side of the exhaust path 25 via a flange.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 passes through the purification path 28 side. That is, the exhaust gas passes through the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the post-treatment device 27 (purification casing 61), undergoes purification treatment, and then released to the outside of the ship 1.
- the purification inlet 84 is closed by the swing valve 80, the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 25 passes through the bypass passage 29 without bypassing the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 and performing the purification treatment. Released outside.
- the third embodiment is also different from the first embodiment in that a gas-operated swing valve 90 is provided as a path switching member at a branch portion between the purification path 28 and the bypass path 29.
- the front surface of the inlet 65 of the purification casing 61 is formed with the first exhaust gas inlet 67 close to the purification path 28 and the second exhaust gas inlet 68 close to the bypass path 29.
- a purification-side intake pipe 69 that communicates with the first exhaust gas inlet 67 and a bypass-side intake pipe 70 that communicates with the second exhaust gas inlet 68 are provided on the front outer surface of the inlet 65.
- a substantially box-shaped swing valve accommodating portion 92 is disposed in front of the purification side intake pipe 69 and the bypass side intake pipe 70.
- a first exhaust gas outlet 93 and a second exhaust gas outlet 94 are formed on the rear surface side of the swing valve accommodating portion 92.
- a purification-side piping 95 communicating with the first exhaust gas outlet 93 and a bypass-side piping 96 communicating with the second exhaust gas outlet 94 are provided on the rear outer surface of the swing valve housing portion 92.
- a purification side pipe 95 of the swing valve housing portion 92 is connected to a purification side intake pipe 69 of the purification casing 61 via a relay pipe 97.
- a bypass side pipe 96 of the swing valve housing portion 92 is connected to the bypass side intake pipe 70 of the purification casing 61 via a relay pipe 98.
- the swing fulcrum shaft 91 of the swing valve 90 is pivotally supported in the swing valve housing portion 92.
- a first inlet plate 102 having a purification inlet 104 communicating with the purification side piping 95 and a second inlet plate 103 having a bypass inlet 105 communicating with the bypass side piping 96 are provided in the swing valve accommodating portion 92.
- the first inlet plate 102 is opposed to the first exhaust gas outlet 93, and the second inlet plate 103 is disposed so as to partition the inside of the swing valve accommodating portion 92 to the left and right.
- the swing valve 90 closes the purification inlet 104 in close contact with the front side of the first inlet plate 102, or close in close contact with the one side of the second inlet plate 103. Block 105.
- the introduction port 106 is formed near the purification path 28 on the front surface of the swing valve accommodating portion 92.
- An exhaust gas intake pipe 107 communicating with the introduction port 106 is provided on the outer surface of the front portion of the swing valve accommodating portion 92.
- the exhaust gas intake pipe 107 is connected to the upstream side of the exhaust path 25 via a flange.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the exhaust gas in the exhaust path 25 passes through the purification path 28 side. That is, the exhaust gas passes through the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 in the post-treatment device 27 (purification casing 61), undergoes purification treatment, and then released to the outside of the ship 1.
- the purification inlet 104 is closed by the swing valve 90, the exhaust gas in the exhaust passage 25 passes through the bypass passage 29 without bypassing the NOx catalyst 62 and the slip treatment catalyst 63 and performing the purification treatment, and the ship 1 Released outside.
- the present invention is applied to the exhaust gas purification device 27 provided in the exhaust path 25 of the power generation diesel engine 12.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, exhaust gas purification in the exhaust system of the main engine 8 You may apply to an apparatus.
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Abstract
Description
まず始めに、図1を参照しながら、船舶1の概要について説明する。第1実施形態の船舶1は、船体2と、船体2におけるデッキ3上の後部に設けられたキャビン4と、キャビン4の後方に配置されたファンネル5(煙突)と、船体2の後方下部に設けられたプロペラ6及び舵7とを備えている。船体2内の後部にある機関室には、プロペラ6の駆動源である主エンジン8及び減速機9と、船舶2内の電気系統に電力を供給するための発電装置10とが設置されている。主エンジン8から減速機9を経由した回転動力によって、プロペラ6が回転駆動することになる。
次に、図2を参照しながら、発電装置10の構造について説明する。発電装置10は、発電用ディーゼルエンジン12(以下、発電用エンジンという)と、発電用エンジン12の駆動にて発電する発電機13とを組み合わせたディーゼル発電機11を備えたものである。発電機13の駆動にて生じた発電電力は船舶2内の電気系統に供給される。発電機13は、発電機制御盤14内の電力トランスデューサ15に電気的に接続されている。電力トランスデューサ15は発電機13による発電電力を検出するためのものである。電力トランスデューサ15の検出情報に基づき発電電力が発電機制御盤14にて予め設定された目標電力と一致するように、発電用エンジン12の駆動は制御される。電力トランスデューサ15は、後述する還元剤供給装置43のコントローラ55にも電気的に接続されている。
次に、図2及び図3を参照しながら、発電装置10の燃料系統について説明する。船体2内には、発電用エンジン12の燃料(重油)を貯留する燃料タンク16が設置されている。燃料タンク16には供給管路17が接続されている。供給管路17の上流側には、燃料入口バルブ18と燃料フィルタ19と燃料流量計20とが設けられている。燃料流量計20は、後述する還元剤供給装置43のコントローラ55に電気的に接続されている。
次に、図2及び図4を参照しながら、発電装置10の吸排気系統について説明する。発電用エンジン12には、空気取り込み用の吸気経路(図示省略)と排気ガス排出用の排気経路25とが接続されている。吸気経路を通じて取り込まれた空気は、発電用エンジン12の各気筒内(吸気行程の気筒内)に送られる。そして、各気筒の圧縮行程完了時に、燃料タンク16から吸い上げられた燃料を燃料噴射装置にて気筒毎の燃焼室(副室)内に圧送することにより、各燃焼室にて混合気の自己着火燃焼に伴う膨張行程が行われる。
次に、図2及び図4を参照しながら、還元剤供給装置43の構造について説明する。還元剤供給装置43は、排気経路25内の排気ガスにNOx還元用の還元剤を供給するためのものであり、還元剤供給通路44と還元剤制御盤45とを備えている。還元剤供給通路44の一端側は、還元剤としての尿素水溶液(以下、尿素水という)を貯留する尿素水タンク46に接続されている。還元剤供給通路44の他端側は、排気経路25のうち浄化経路28とバイパス経路29との分岐部よりも上流側に設けられた還元剤供給部としての尿素水噴射ノズル47に接続されている。なお、尿素水噴射ノズル47は、浄化経路とバイパス経路29との分岐部より下流側に設けても構わない。
次に、図2、図4及び図5を参照しながら、後処理装置27の構造について説明する。後処理装置27は、角筒型に形成された耐熱金属材料製の浄化ケーシング61内に、上流側から順に、排気ガス中のNOxの還元を促進させるNOx触媒62と、余分に供給された還元剤(実施形態では加水分解後のアンモニア)の酸化処理を促進させるスリップ処理触媒63とを直列に並べて収容したものである。各触媒62,63は、多孔質な(ろ過可能な)隔壁にて区画された多数個のセルからなるハニカム構造になっており、例えばアルミナ、ジルコニア、バナジア/チタニア又はゼオライト等の触媒金属を有している。
(NH2)2CO+H2O → 2NH3+CO2(加水分解)
NO+NO2+2NH3 → 2N2+3H2O(NOx触媒62での反応)
4NH3+3O2 → 2N2+6H2O(スリップ処理触媒63での反応)
が生ずる。
以上の構成によると、エンジン12の排気経路25中に設ける排気ガス浄化装置27であって、前記エンジン12からの排気ガスを浄化する浄化触媒62,63を少なくとも収容する浄化ケーシング61を備えており、前記浄化触媒62,63を通過せずに前記排気ガスを迂回させるバイパス経路29を、前記浄化触媒62,63のある浄化経路28とは別に、前記浄化ケーシング61に一体的に設けているから、排気ガスの浄化処理が必要な場合(規制海域内の航行中)は排気ガスを前記浄化経路28側に送り、浄化処理が不要な場合(規制海域外の航行中)は排気ガスを前記バイパス経路29側に送ればよい。従って、排気ガスの効率よい処理と、前記浄化触媒62,63の長寿命化とが可能になる。
次に、図6を参照しながら、第2実施形態の後処理装置27の構造について説明する。なお、第2実施形態以降の実施形態において、構成及び作用が第1実施形態と変わらないものには、第1実施形態と同じ符号を付してその詳細な説明を省略する。第2実施形態では、浄化経路28とバイパス経路29との分岐部に、経路切換部材として気体作動式のスイングバルブ80を設けた点において、第1実施形態と相違している。スイングバルブ80は、浄化経路28の入口側及びバイパス経路29の入口側のうち一方を開放すると他方を閉止するように構成している。
次に、図7を参照しながら、第3実施形態の後処理装置27の構造について説明する。第3実施形態でも、浄化経路28とバイパス経路29との分岐部に、経路切換部材として気体作動式のスイングバルブ90を設けた点において、第1実施形態と相違している。
12 発電用ディーゼルエンジン
25 排気経路
27 後処理装置(排気ガス浄化装置)
28 浄化経路
29 バイパス経路
30 浄化側切換バルブ
31 バイパス側切換バルブ
61 浄化ケーシング
62 NOx触媒
63 スリップ処理触媒
64 仕切板
66 出口部
71 二股配管
80,90 スイングバルブ
Claims (12)
- エンジンの排気経路中に設ける排気ガス浄化装置であって、
前記エンジンからの排気ガスを浄化する浄化触媒を少なくとも収容する浄化ケーシングを備えており、
前記浄化触媒を通過せずに前記排気ガスを迂回させるバイパス経路を、前記浄化触媒のある浄化経路とは別に、前記浄化ケーシングに一体的に設けている、
排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記浄化ケーシング内に前記バイパス経路を設けている、
請求項1に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記浄化ケーシング内は、前記排気ガスの排出方向に沿って延びる仕切板によって、前記浄化経路と前記バイパス経路とに区画している、
請求項2に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記仕切板で前記浄化ケーシング内を区画することによって、前記排気ガスが前記バイパス経路を通過する際に、前記排気ガスの熱を用いて前記浄化経路側の前記浄化触媒を暖機するように構成している、
請求項3に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記浄化ケーシングの出口部において、前記浄化経路と前記バイパス経路とを合流させている、
請求項2~4のうちいずれかに記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記浄化経路と前記バイパス経路との分岐部に、前記排気ガスの排出方向を前記浄化経路と前記バイパス経路とに切り換える経路切換部材を設けている、
請求項1~5のうちいずれかに記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記経路切換部材は、前記浄化経路の入口側及び前記バイパス経路の入口側にそれぞれ設けた切換バルブによって構成し、前記両切換バルブは一方を開放すると他方を閉止するように作動する、
請求項6に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記両切換バルブは、リンク機構を介して一方を開放すると他方を閉止するように連動連結し、前記両切換バルブのうちいずれか一方に、開閉作動用の駆動機構を連結している、
請求項7に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記経路切換部材は、前記浄化経路の入口側及び前記バイパス経路の入口側のうち一方を開放すると他方を閉止するスイングバルブによって構成している、
請求項6に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記浄化ケーシングにおける前記浄化触媒の上流側には、前記浄化触媒に気体を吹き付ける噴気部を設けている、
請求項1~9のうちいずれかに記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記排気ガスが前記バイパス経路を通過する際に、前記噴気部からの気体の噴出を停止するように構成している、
請求項10に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。 - 前記排気ガスにNOx還元用の還元剤を供給する還元剤供給部を備え、前記排気ガスが前記バイパス経路を通過する際に、前記還元剤供給部からの前記還元剤の供給を停止するように構成している、
請求項1に記載の排気ガス浄化装置。
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EP3088067A1 (fr) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-11-02 | Lab Sa | Installation et procédé de dénitrification catalytique de fumées |
US10125651B2 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2018-11-13 | Yanmar Co., Ltd. | Exhaust purification system for ship |
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JP6016627B2 (ja) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-10-26 | ヤンマー株式会社 | 排気浄化装置 |
JP6419672B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-16 | 2018-11-07 | ヤンマー株式会社 | 船舶の排気ガス浄化装置 |
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KR20180126169A (ko) | 2017-05-17 | 2018-11-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 엔진 시스템 |
KR102012101B1 (ko) | 2017-11-27 | 2019-08-19 | 한국조선해양 주식회사 | Scr 장치 |
KR102449946B1 (ko) | 2018-03-15 | 2022-09-30 | 한국조선해양 주식회사 | Scr 장치 |
CN109184879B (zh) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-10-29 | 吉利汽车研究院(宁波)有限公司 | 一种发动机排气消音装置 |
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US9731246B2 (en) | 2017-08-15 |
US20150258495A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
KR20150064052A (ko) | 2015-06-10 |
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DK2918807T3 (da) | 2019-09-16 |
EP2918807A4 (en) | 2016-08-10 |
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