WO2014048880A2

WO2014048880A2 - Device and method for coating cylinder bores of an engine block

Info

Publication number: WO2014048880A2
Application number: PCT/EP2013/069732
Authority: WO
Inventors: Werner Roth; Bernd Zapf
Original assignee: Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-09-28
Filing date: 2013-09-23
Publication date: 2014-04-03
Also published as: WO2014048880A3; DE102012109203B3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (10) and a method for coating at least one cylinder bore (11) of an engine block (12). The engine block (12) is supported on an engine block retainer (35), which has a turntable (37) supported so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation (D) and an adjusting slide (49) supported indirectly or directly on the turntable (37). The adjusting slide (49) can be moved at a right angle to the axis of rotation (D) in an adjustment direction (V). A balancing apparatus (70) having a balancing slide (72), on which balancing slide a balancing weight (71) is located, is used at least to reduce or to eliminate an imbalance of the engine block (12) or of the parts of the engine block retainer (35) that rotate about the axis of rotation (D) together with the engine block (12). For this purpose, the balancing slide (72) is motion-coupled to the adjusting slide (49) in particular by means of a coupling apparatus (73) and does not have a separate drive motor. The balancing slide (72) moves in particular oppositely to the adjusting slide (49) in the adjustment direction (V). The coating tool (13) inserted into the cylinder bore (11) in order to coat the cylinder bore can be moved linearly along the tool axis (W) and is supported in a rotationally fixed manner in relation to the tool axis (W). During the coating, the coating tool (13) is moved in the cylinder bore (11) along the tool axis (W) and the engine block (12) is rotated about the axis of rotation (D) by means of the turntable (37).

Description

Apparatus and method for coating

cylinder bores of an engine block

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for coating cylinder bores of the engine block.

Such a method or such a device is known for example from DE 10 2010 060 652 AI. A Mo ^¬ torblock is placed in a workpiece holder, in which a suction device may be integrated. A coating tool is inserted along a tool axis in the Zy ^¬ relieving bore, the longitudinal axis of the cylin ^¬ the bore with the tool axis coincide. The ^coating tool can be moved and rotated along the tool axis. By a rotation of the coating tool and a simultaneous linear movement along the Zylin ^¬ derbohrung a coating is applied there by thermal spraying. To produce the coating material ejected from the coating tool, metallic material, for example in the form of a metal wire, is supplied to the coating tool. The material is melted and ejected in particle form from a spray orifice of the coating tool. The coating ^¬ tool rotates in such devices usually with several hundred revolutions per minute.

EP 1 034 845 B1 describes an arc spray gun with a conical spray jet. When coating within a cylinder bore, either the coating tool o- Alternatively, the workpiece to be rotated, the rotation of the workpiece in the coating of Zylinderblö ^¬ blocks is considered unsuitable.

Heretofore Starting it can be regarded as an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus and an improved method for the coating of cylinder bores of an engine block, simplifies the insbesonde ^¬ re the supply of metallic material to the coating ^¬ tool and also a high efficiency ^¬ has.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 15.

The device for coating cylinder bores has a coating tool with a spray opening oriented radially or obliquely to the tool axis. The coating tool is rotatably mounted with respect to the tool axis, so that the injection opening can not rotate about the tool axis. Via a tool drive, the coating tool can be moved linearly along the tool ^¬ axis and optionally additionally transverse to this tool axis.

An engine block holder is used for holding the engine block during coating of the at least one Zy ^¬ relieving hole. To the engine block holder includes a turntable rotatably mounted about a rotation axis, as well as a perpendicular to the axis of rotation movable Verstellschlit ^¬ th. The rotation axis is parallel to the tool axis and can also coincide with the tool axis. The center distance between the axis of rotation and the tool axis is smaller than the radius of a cylinder barrel to be coated. tion. The working distance between the coating tool and the wall of the cylinder bore during coating can be adjusted via the center distance. It is therefore possible to set the working distance independently of the radius of the cylinder bore. To set the axial distance or the working distance, for example, the tool ^¬ drive or another suitable linear drive can be used, which can move in particular the coating tool with the tool axis parallel to the axis of rotation.

For driving the turntable is a rotary drive before ^¬ hands and to move the Verstellschlittens is a comparison actuator provided. About the adjusting slide to be coated cylinder bore is moved transversely to the axis of rotation and positioned so that the longitudinal axis of the Zylin ^¬ derbohrung coincides with the axis of rotation. During the loading ^¬ coating tool ejects the coating material processing via the injection port, the rotary drive rotates the rotary table ^¬ so that the bore can be coated uniformly in the circumferential direction. Here, the Be ^¬ coating tool is ent on the tool drive also ^¬ long the tool axis within the cylinder bore ^¬ be moved.

Since the engine block according to the invention about the rotation axis ro ^¬ advantage is the supply of wire or rod-shaped metallic base material for coating tool, which is melted there, simplified. The coating ^¬ tool moves relative to the engine block. For example, it can only move along the tool axis parallel to the axis of rotation and does not rotate. Alterna tively ^¬ the engine block holder or part of it can run with the rotating engine block and the linear movement relative to the coating tool parallel to the rotation axis ^¬. For this purpose, the coating tool a Tool drive or the engine block holder be associated with a corresponding linear drive.

To avoid irregularities in the application of the coating on the wall of the cylinder bore, the device also has a compensation device with at least one balance weight. About the compensating device, the balance weight is positioned depending on the position of the engine block relative to the rotational axis such that the imbalance of the engine block and / or the ^{¬ together} with the engine block about the rotation axis rotating parts of the engine block holder is at least reduced or eliminated. The unbalance is thereby at least reduced to the extent that the residual vibrations caused by the residual unbalance in the rotation of the engine block or the other rotating parts of the engine block bracket can be supported by the bearings of the engine block bracket, so that there are no negative effects on the uniformity of the coating. Preferably, the imbalance is abgese ^¬ hen completely eliminated by technical tolerances. By reducing or eliminating the unbalance also the load on the engine block holder and in particular the bearing present therein is reduced, which extends the service life of the device ^¬ Le.

With this device, an engine block with multiple cylinder bores can be coated very quickly and economically. About the adjusting slide the engine block is so to speak from cylinder bore to cylinder bore weiteretaktet. The movement of the adjustment slide can also be carried out during the rotation of the turntable in one embodiment. In this embodiment, the at least one Ausgleichsge ^¬ weight of the compensating device is preferably moved in opposite directions to the engine block simultaneously to the currency increasing or generating an unbalance to avoid rotation. Alternatively, the adjustment slide can be moved by the adjustment drive only when the turntable is stationary.

Preferably, at least one of the Ausgleichsge ^¬ weights in a first direction is perpendicular to the axis of rotation movable. This first direction corresponds insbesonde ^¬ re the adjustment direction in which the adjustable slide is movably mounted. In one embodiment, au ^¬ ßerdem may include at least one of the balance weights in a second direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation and preferably at right angles to the first direction movable to be. It is possible to store different balancing weights in one direction movable or at least one compensating weight in the first and the second direction movable ^¬ bar to store. Preferably, the at least one off ^¬ equilibrium linearly movably in the first direction and / or the second direction. In particular, the compensation device may comprise at least one compensation slide, which is linearly movable in the first direction and / or the second direction. On this compensating slide one or more balance weights can be arranged ^{auswechsel ¬} bar. Alternatively, the Ausgleichsge ^¬ weight can also be formed by the balance shuttle itself.

In an advantageous embodiment, the compensation slide and the adjustment slide are coupled in motion via a coupling means. The movement coupling can be realized mechanically, for example via a friction wheel, a gear, a belt or the like. Alternatively, the motion coupling can also be achieved by control technology via a control unit which activates the respective drives adapted to each other. The Bewegungsungskopp ^¬ ment has the advantage that a movement of the adjustment Sliding and thus a changed position of the Mo ^¬ gate block relative to the axis of rotation also leads to a corresponding and in particular opposite movement of the compensation ^¬ slide to avoid intolerable generation or increase in imbalance.

There are various possibilities for the design of the engine block holder. In one embodiment, the adjustment slide can be arranged on the turntable. In addition, in one embodiment, the engine block holder may include at least one removable ^{pallet that} rotates the engine block. In this embodiment, the removable pallet may comprise the adjustment slide and / or the turntable and / or the compensation device.

In order to position engine blocks with a double-row arrangement of the cylinder bores relative to the axis of rotation, in one embodiment the adjusting slide can also be movable transversely or at right angles to the adjustment direction and can be driven via the adjustment drive.

The engine block mount may also include a tilting means by means of which the engine block can be tilted with respect to the axis of rotation. This tilting device allows the coating of cylinder bores of a motor block in V-arrangement. It is also possible that the tilting device is part of the removable pallet.

In an advantageous embodiment, the encryption actuator to a disposed along the axis of rotation An ^¬ drive shaft. This drive shaft extends in particular in a central recess through the turntable. The drive shaft is coupled via a transmission, such as a Pla ^¬ Netengetriebe with the Versteilmotor. The adjustment drive for the adjustment slide can be used with the rotary be drive coupled for the turntable. By this movement, the coupling is achieved that rotates about the axis of rotation of the Antriebswel ^¬ le Versteilantriebes at the same speed at a Rota ^¬ tion of the turntable. The rotary drive associated with the end of the drive shaft does not move relative to the turntable, so that the adjusting slide, which is mounted directly or indirectly on the turntable remains unmoved.

The device can also have a feed device in order to supply the coating tool with wire-shaped or rod-shaped metallic starting material. The ^coating tool can have a burner in order to melt the supplied starting material. Any device which generates sufficient heat to melt the starting material can serve as the burner; plasma, arc, laser or flame spraying can be carried out via the coating tool. The molten raw material is preferably ejected using a carrier gas. The ejected coating material contains particles of the metallic, molten starting material which are applied to the wall of the cylinder bore.

To remove excess gas or fluid from the cylinder bore during the coating, a suction channel of a suction device can be connected to the coating tool and / or to the engine block holder.

The apparatus may also include, in various embodiments, one or more means for automatically transporting workpieces and / or automatically changing device components, such as:

^■ a mask change device, which is addressed, a replaceable spray mask of the coating tool automatically auszuwech ^¬ clauses;

^■ a tool changing device which is adapted to replace a replaceable heating means of the coating tool automatically;

^■ a transport device for transporting an engine block to be coated to the device and / or an already coated engine block from the device that can be configured as Motorblockwechse ^¬ leinrichtung.

By means of the device described above, the following method according to the invention is carried out:

First, an engine block is arranged with at least one cylinder bore to be coated on the engine block holder and aligned to be coated cylinder bore on the axis of rotation. This is done using the Ver ^¬ vice sled and gegebenenfals the rocker. An ^¬ closing or simultaneously with the positioning of the Mo ^¬ torblocks is at least one balance weight of from ^¬ equal means positioned to reduce an imbalance of the Mo ^¬ torblocks and / or rotating with the engine block around the rotational axis parts of at least or fully ^¬ constantly eliminate. When positioning the cylinder bore to be coated along the axis of rotation and positioning the at least one balance weight, the turntable can stand still or rotate. By rotating the turntable about the axis of rotation during the movement of the off ^¬ balance and the engine block, the processing time can be reduced ^¬ per engine block.

The coating tool is inserted into the cylinder bore introduced along the tool axis and ejected coating material from the injection opening. The turntable rotates with the engine block around the axis of rotation. Simultaneously, the coating tool is moved along the tool axis ^¬.

Advantageous embodiments of the device and the method will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. The description is limited to essential features of the invention. The drawing is to be used as a supplement. Below Ausführungsbei ^¬ games of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings are explained in detail. Show it:

1 shows a schematic, block diagram-like representation of an embodiment of an apparatus for coating a cylinder bore of an engine block,

Figures la and lb respectively, a schematic, block diagram ^¬ similar view of optional exchange means for the embodiment of the apparatus of Figure 1;

2 shows a turntable with associated rotary drive, and a Versteilantrieb for a Verstellschlitten in block diagram similar representation,

3 is a block diagram similar representation of an embodiment of the arrangement of an adjustment ^¬ sled and a balance carriage of the device of Figure 1,

4 is a block diagram similar representation of another embodiment of the arrangement of the adjustment ^¬ slide and the compensation slide for the execution Example of the device of Figure 1,

4a is a schematic block diagram similar representation of an additional coupling device for a movement coupling between a compensation slide and the adjustment slide for the Ausführugsbeispiel according to Figure 4,

5 is a block diagram similar representation of another embodiment of the arrangement of the Ver ^¬ adjusting carriage and the balance carriage in Ausfüh ^¬ tion of the embodiment of Figure 1,

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of an engine block with cylinder bores in the V arrangement;

Figure 7 shows the engine block of Figure 6 in a view according to arrow VII in Figure 6 in an arrangement on a removable pallet in a schematic representation and

8 shows a schematic, block diagram-like representation of an optionally provided masking device with heat supply to the engine block for the exemplary embodiment of the device according to FIG. 1.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a device 10 for coating at least one cylinder bore 11 of an engine block 12. For this purpose, the device 10 has a coating tool 13 which is mounted so as to be linearly movable along a tool axis W. The coating tool 13 has a finger 14, at its free end an obliquely or at right angles to the tool axis W aligned injection opening 15 is present. In the area of the injection opening 15, a spray mask 16 is interchangeably arranged on the finger 14. In the embodiment described here, the spray mask 16 can be exchanged via a mask changing device 17, for example a double-armed gripper. Used spray masks 16 can insert the mask changing device 17 into a shaft or a chute 18. From a first magazine 19a, the mask changing device 17 can remove a new spray mask 16 and transport it by rotation of its gripper arm about an axis oriented parallel to the tool axis W to the coating tool 13 and attach it to the finger 14.

The coating tool 13 is attached to a tool ^carriage 22. The tool carriage 22 is mounted on a machine frame 23 linearly displaceable in the direction of the tool axis W. The tool carriage 22 can be driven via a tool drive 24. During the movement of the tool carriage 22, the finger 14 of the coating tool 13 moves along the tool axis W. The coating tool 13 is held against rotation on the tool carriage 22. The coating tool 13 and in particular the fingers 14 with the injection opening 15 can therefore not rotate about the tool axis W.

The coating tool 13 serves for thermal spraying of a coating material discharged from the injection opening 15 onto the wall of the cylinder bore 11. The coating tool 13 operates on the principle of plasma, arc, laser or flame spraying. For this purpose, a metallic Ausgangsma ^¬ TERIAL is supplied to the coating die, which is melted in the coating die 13 via egg ^¬ NEN arc, a flame or other heat source of a heating medium 20th In particular, the molten starting material is atomized into particles while supplying a gas and expelled from the injection opening 15 with the gas as the carrier gas.

In the figures la and lb further Ausführungsmög ^¬ possibilities of the device 10 are illustrated. Alternatively or in addition to the mask changing device 17, a tool changing device 21 may be present. The tool changing device 21 can, for example, automatically replace the heating means 20, in particular a burner of the coating tool 13. Analogously to the Maskenwechse ^¬ leinrichtung 17, the tool changing device 21 having a double-gripper.

It is also possible to carry out the mask changing device 17 and the tool changing device 21 as a combined changing device with a common gripper. This combined change device can then be associated with several magazines 19a, 19b with spray masks and tools for off ^¬ change.

During coating, the burner forming the heating means 20 is contaminated and must be cleaned. To avoid arrest ^¬ downtimes, the heating means 20 can be therefore replaced. The tool changing device 21 can remove the contaminated heating means 20 and insert a non-contaminated heating means 20 into the coating tool 13. For this purpose, the tool changing device 21 is assigned, for example, a second magazine 19a, in which further ready for use heating means 20 are kept.

In this second magazine 19b, in one embodiment, heating means 20 of different types may also be present to operate in response to constraints such as e.g. the working distance of the injection port 15 to the wall of the cylinder bore 11 or the type of engine block, etc., to select and use the appropriate type of heating medium.

Additionally or alternatively, in the second magazine 19b, other testing, measuring or processing tools 31 are arranged and used instead of the coating tool 13 in a spindle receptacle on the tool carriage 22, such as

^■ a tool for activating the cylinder bore wall to Errei ^¬ chen good adhesion prior to coating and / or

^■ a finishing implement 31 for finishing the cylinder surface after the coating, such as a honing tool, and / or

^■ an induction heating tool 31b for inductive heating of the cylinder bore wall - it can serve in particular 31b and / or an electrical supply of the heating means 20 also for the electrical supply of the induction heating tool

^■ a camera 31c, preferably rod camera by means of which the coated surface of the cylinder bore can be photographed ^¬ fiert, for example, for the purpose of quality ^¬ tätskontrolle

^■ etc.

In the second magazine 19b, a cleaning tool 31d may be present, which is grasped by the Werkzeugwechse ^¬ leinrichtung 21 and for cleaning the currently used in the coating tool 13 heating means 20 or Brenners can be used. This cleaning tool is not used for insertion into the spindle of the tool ^¬ slide.

Alternatively or additionally, a separate cleaning device 30 may be present, which is assigned to the second magazine 19b (FIG. 1a) or the coating tool (FIG. 1b). By means of the cleaning device 30 can be a through coating material residues ( "overspray") contaminated heating means 20 cleaned. The already used heating means 20 may be arranged during the purification in two ^¬ th magazine 19b or in the coating die 13. As already mentioned 30, the cleaning means by the tool changer 21 and the cleaning tool 31d may be formed.

In the embodiment described here, a solid rod or wire-shaped starting material is supplied ^¬ . For this purpose, the device 10 on a feeder 25. To this belongs a reservoir 26, in which, according to one or more wire rollers 27 are arranged ^¬ . The metal wire 28 of one or more wire ^rollers 27 is connected to the coating tool 13 via an example hose-like feed channel 29.

The device 10 also has a Mo torblockhalterung 35 which has a machine frame 23 be consolidated ^¬ base 36th In the embodiment described here, a turntable 37 is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis D on the base 36. The axis of rotation D ver ^¬ runs parallel to the tool axis W and as shown in Figure 1 can also coincide with the tool axis W. About the distance between the axis of rotation D and the tool axis W can the spray distance or working distance between the coating tool 13 and the wall of the Zy Adjust linder bore 11 and adjust, for example, to the coating tool used 13 and / or to beschich ^¬ border engine block 12. For this purpose, a linear Ver ^¬ displacement of the coating tool 13 may be at right angles possible to the axis of rotation D by means of the tool slide 22 or of an additional Schlit ^¬ least and of the tool drive 24th As a result, the tool axis W is also displaceable parallel to the axis of rotation D. In Figure 1, this embodiment is highly schematically illustrated by the dashed arrow P.

The mounting of the turntable 37 is illustrated in Figure 2 in detail. The turntable 37 has a table top 38 which is arranged on a pillar 39. The column 39 is arranged coaxially to the axis of rotation D and executed in the embodiment of a hollow cylinder. As a result, a cylindrical opening 40 is gebil ^¬ det within the column 39. Radially outside the column 39 is rotatably supported by two or more pivot bearing 41 on the base 36 of the machine frame 23.

For rotating the turntable 37 about the rotation axis Dist a rotary drive 44 is present. To the rotary drive 44 includes in the embodiment, a first drive motor 45 which drives a first drive wheel 46. The first drive wheel 46 is in contact with a first output gear 47, in particular ^¬ special in engagement, which is fixedly connected to the column 39 of the Drehti ^¬ cal 37 and the axis of rotation D coaxially ^¬ closes.

The engine block holder 35 also has an adjustment slide 49. The adjusting carriage 49 is mounted linearly movable at least in a first adjustment direction V. The adjustment direction V is oriented at right angles and in particular radially to the axis of rotation D. The adjustment V is aligned parallel to the plane in which the table top 38 of the turntable 37 extends.

The adjustment slide 49 is driven by a Versteilantrieb 50. The Versteilantrieb 50 includes a second drive motor 51 which drives a second drive wheel 52, for example, a gear. The second drive ^¬ wheel 52 is in contact with a second output gear 53 in particular engaged, which is arranged coaxially to the rotation axis D ^¬ . The second driven gear 53 is rotatably connected to egg ^¬ nem ring gear 54 of a planetary gear 55. In the embodiment using a connection shaft 56 which is rotatably mounted via at least one rotary bearing 41 on the base 36 of the frame 23 serves Ma ^¬ schin. A sun gear 57 of the planetary gear 55 is rotatably connected to a drive ^¬ shaft 58 which extends in the exemplary embodiment through the cylindrical opening 40 therethrough and beispielsge ^¬ Mäss is supported via a plurality of rotary bearing 41 for rotation relative to the column 39 and on the column. 39 In the area of the table ^¬ plate 38 of the turntable 37, a Schlittenantriebsrad 59 is rotatably disposed on the sun gear 57 opposite end of the drive shaft 58, which can be designed as a front, conical, crown or friction wheel. It is medium ^¬ bar or directly with the adjustment slide 49 in conjunction to move it in the adjustment direction V. For example, may be arranged on the adjusting slide 49, a rack which is in engagement with the external toothing of the Schlittenantriebsrads 59.

To the planetary gear 55 also includes at least a first planetary gear 60 and, according to the example, a plurality of first planet gears 60 which are disposed between the ring gear 54 and the sun gear 57 and with two gears 54, 57 are engaged. The planetary gear 55 is configured ^¬ example as a double planetary gear ^¬ . It is Each first planetary gear 60, a second planetary gear 61 to ^¬ ordered. A first planetary gear 60 and a second tarp ^¬ tenrad 61 are each rotatably mounted on an axis 62 aneinan ^¬ .

The at least one second planet gear 61 is engaged with a fixed ring gear 63 which is fixed to the base 36, for example. Stands radially inwardly the at least one second planet gear 61 with a ^¬ a sun wheel forming coupling gear 64 in engagement. The coupling wheel 64 is rotatably connected to the turntable 37 and, according to the example, connected to the column 39 and coaxial with the axis of rotation D angeord ^¬ net.

Thus, the rotary actuator 44 for the turntable 37 and the Versteilantrieb 50 for the adjusting slide 49 via a gear and, for example, the planetary gear 55, coupled to each other in a motion. This motion coupling works as follows:

When the first drive motor 45 of the rotary drive betae ^¬ Untitled, the turntable 37 rotates around the rotation axis D. In this case, the second planetary gears 61 roll on the stationary ring gear 63rd It is now assumed that the adjustable slide 49 will not be moved and thus the second Antriebsmo ^¬ tor 51 of the Versteilantriebs 51 is stationary. Accordingly, the ring gear 54 is stationary, so that the first tarp ^¬ tenräder 60 rotate in the ring gear 54. Thereby, the sun gear 57 and thus the drive shaft 58 is driven about the rotational axis D-rotating. The ring gears 54, 63 on the one hand and the sun gears 57, 64 on the other hand have the same diameter and the same number of teeth. Thereby, the drive ^¬ shaft is rotated at the same speed about the rotation axis D with a rotating turntable 37 58th The carriage drive wheel 59 is thus stationary relative to the table top 38. Thereby No relative movement of the adjustment slide 49 is caused against ^¬ over the table top 38.

Conversely, the second drive motor 51 is driven to move the Verstellschlittens 49, the Son ^¬ nenrad 57 rotates at a different speed from the coupling wheel 54 about the axis of rotation D, whereby a movement of the adjusting ^¬ slide 49 is effected.

The apparatus 10 also includes at least one from ^¬ equal to 70 with at least one Ausgleichsge ^¬ weight 71st The compensating device 70 is to be ^¬ aligned, carriage 72 to move at least the balance weight 71 by means of a compensation ^¬ in a first direction Rl right angle to the axis of rotation ^¬ Dzu. In the here-described ^¬ NEN embodiment, the first direction Rl of the adjustment direction V in which the adjustable slide is movably supported 49 corresponds. The at least one compensating weight 71 of the compensation device 71 can be interchangeably arranged on the compensation carriage 72. Alternatively, it is also possible that the at least one balance weight

71 is part of the balance carriage 72 or is formed by the compensation slide 72.

The movement of the at least one compensating slide

72 is coupled with the movement of Verstellschlittens 49 of the engine block mount 35. In particular, the balance shuttle 72 moves in the first direction Rl or in the adjustment direction V opposite to the adjustable slide 49. In order to achieve this, a control-system or me ^{¬-mechanical} motion coupling between the adjustable slide 49 and the at least one compensating slide 72 may be provided.

In the embodiment described here, a ne mechanical coupling device 73 is provided, via which the compensating slide 72 and the adjusting slide 49 is coupled in motion. The coupling device 73 is illustrated schematically in FIGS. 3 to 5. In the exemplary embodiments shown, the compensation device 70 in each case has two compensation slides 72. The engine block holder 35 has a plurality of guide rails 74 which extend in the adjustment direction V. On at least one of the guide rails 74 of the adjusting slide 49 is slidably guided guided. At least one further guide rail 74, a compensation ^¬ slide 72 is slidably guided guided in each case.

As a coupling device 73, for example, a coupling wheel 75, which can be out as a gear or as a friction wheel ^¬ used. It is both in contact with the adjusting slide 49, as well as with the associated compensating slide 72. In the embodiments shown here, a compensating slide 72 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the adjusting slide 49 and in each case there is a coupling wheel 75 (FIGS. 3 and 4). As an alternative to the coupling wheel 75, in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 there is a coupling belt 76 which is guided over two deflecting rollers 77 which are arranged at a distance from one another in the adjustment direction V. The coupling belt 76 is firmly connected at one point with the associated compensating slide 72 and at another point with the adjusting slide 49. The coupling device 73 operates as follows:

Moving the adjustable slide 49 in the adjustment direction V to the right, causing the coupling device 73, so for example the coupling wheel 75 and the coupling ^¬ belt 76 an oppositely directed movement of the Ausgleichsschlit least ^¬ or the balance shuttle 72 in the adjustment direction V to the left and vice versa. In this way the magnification ^¬ fication or creation of an inadmissible high unbalance of the rotating with the rotation of the turntable 37 masses can be avoided. Therefore, each of the cylinder bores 11 can be positioned along the axis of rotation D via the adjusting carriages 49. The compensation device 70 causes a symmetrical weight distribution relative to the axis of rotation D. The axis of rotation D thus always passes through the overall center of gravity of the rotating about the axis D during coating of the cylinder bore 11 parts.

In the modified embodiment according to FIG. 4, both the adjustment slide 49 and the at least one compensation slide 72 are designed as cross slides. The engine block 12 is therefore adjustable via the adjustment slide 49 both in the first direction Rl or in the adjustment direction V, as well as at right angles thereto in a second direction R2 perpendicular to the axis of rotation D. In this way, two-row engine blocks 12 can be automatically positioned with their cylinder bores 11 along the axis of rotation D. Accordingly, here also the balance weights 71 in both the first direction Rl, as well as in the second direction R2 are movable to compensate for the center of gravity, which is caused by the positioning of the engine block 12 with respect to the axis of rotation D, and the overall center of gravity of the rotating masses on the To arrange rotation axis D.

In order to achieve a movement coupling between the adjusting slide 49 and the compensating slide 72 or balancing weights 71, another additional coupling device 80 can be used, as illustrated only in a highly schematic manner in FIG. 4a. Via a coupling wheel 75 of the adjusting slide 49 is coupled to a coupling rod 81, which in the second direction R2 move in opposite directions. The displaceable in the second direction R2 parts of the respective balance carriage 72 and the balance weights 71 are connected to the coupling rod 81, wherein this connection is designed such that a relative movement of the coupling rod 81 relative to the balance slide 72 in the first direction Rl is possible. Moves the Verstellschlitten 49 relative to the axis of rotation D in the direction R2 to the right, then the balance weight 71 located on this side moves on the Verstellschlitten 49 and ^¬ towards the axis of rotation Dzu and the other off ^¬ equal weight on the opposite side of Adjusting carriage 49 and the rotation axis D away. In the vice ^¬ opposite movement of Verstellschlittens 49 all directions of movement rotate. It is again it hingewie ^¬ sen that the representation in Figure 4a only is a highly schematic outline diagram.

The adjustment slide 49 can be driven by servomotors, which allow accurate positioning. The positioning of the adjustment slide 49 can be controlled or regulated by means of a control unit, not shown, of the device 10. To control is Wenig ^¬ least an unillustrated position sensor for each degree of freedom of movement of the adjustable slide Verstellschlittens 49 at 49 and / or arranged to the servo motor in question. The position determination of the adjustment slide can be determined by direct position measurement or indirectly via the position of a movement- ^coupled with the adjusting slide 49 th element - for example, rotational position of the servo motor - for each degree of freedom.

By way of example, the device 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 also has a transport device, via which an engine block to be coated is fed and / or a transport unit is provided. already finished coated engine block can be removed. The transport device is embodied, for example, by an engine block changer, for example a stroke-and-swivel changer 85. By means of this stroke-swing changer 85, a finished engine block 12 can be removed from the engine block holder 35 and / or an engine block 12 still to be coated can be inserted into the engine block holder 35.

Furthermore, the device 10 may have a suction device for sucking off excess carrier gas or coating material from the currently coated cylinder bore 11 during the coating process. The suction device 86 has at least one suction channel 87, which can lead to the coating die 13 and / or via the ^so-¬ ckel 36 to the engine block mount 35th In Figure 1, both options are shown by way of example.

In one embodiment of the device 10, a tilting device 90 may also be present, which is illustrated schematically in FIG. Using the Kip ^¬ peinrichtung 90 which is part of the motor block support 35, the engine block can be pivoted about a tilting axis K 12th In the exemplary embodiment, the tilting axis K extends in the longitudinal direction of the engine block 12 through the crankcase. The tilting device 90 serves to be able to align all cylinder bores 11 with their longitudinal axis along the axis of rotation at engine blocks 12 with cylinder bores 11 in a V arrangement. As illustrated in FIG. 6, the longitudinal axes of the V-shape arranged cylinder bores 11 intersect at an intersection, along which the tilting axis K ver ^¬ runs.

To the engine block bracket 35 may include a removable pallet 91. The change pallet 91 carries the engine block 12th As schematically illustrated in FIG. 7, in this embodiment, the tilt bracket 92 of the tilting device 90 is disposed on the changing pallet 91. A motor ^¬ shear drive for tilting the engine block 12 about the tilting axis K may be fixedly disposed on the part of the engine block holder 35 which is connected to the machine frame 23. When arranging the engine block 12 with the change pallet 91 on the turntable 37 and on the Verstellschlitten 49, a coupling between the tilt bracket 92 and a tilting drive 93 of the tilting device 90 can be made.

When using a tilting device 90, at least one of the balancing weights 71 of the balancing device 70 can be arranged fixedly to the tilting mount 92 or the engine block 12 and relative to the engine block 12, as is schematically illustrated in FIG. This at least one balancing weight 71 is arranged on the motor ^¬ block 12 such that the overall center of gravity of the engine block 12 and balance weight 71 is located on the tilt axis K. As a result, a tilting or pivoting of the center of gravity about the tilting axis K is avoided when tilting or tilting the engine block 12 about the tilting axis K.

FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment of the device 10 or the engine block holder 35. The device 10 may comprise a masking device 100, which is provided in the embodiment of the Mo ^¬ gate block holder 35. The masking means 100 is used to connect the current provided to the coating cylinder bore 11 with the suction passage 87 of the suction device 86 and at least one further still beschich ^¬ tend cylinder bore 11 of the engine block 12 with a heat supply means one hundred and first The heat supply device 101 can, for example, hot air via a hot air duct 102 in the at least one, still to be coated Feed cylinder bore 11. This avoids that during the rotation of the engine block 12 about the axis of rotation D in the coating of one of the cylinder bores 11, the respective other cylinder bores 11 cool down, which makes coating difficult or even impossible. In order to obtain a good bond between the coating material and the engine block 12, the walls of the cylinder bores must be warmed up and have a minimum temperature. Typically, the engine block 12 is preheated prior to coating and then transported to the apparatus 10. Cooling before coating can be avoided in this embodiment with the masking device 100.

For this purpose, the masking device 100 can each have a connection piece 103 for each cylinder bore 11, which is embodied as an air channel. Via a switching ^device 104, each of the connecting pieces 103 can be fluidically connected either to the suction channel 87 or to the hot air channel 102. Thereby, it is possible to feed each cylinder bore 11 to either the heating or hot air during the coating process, excess coating ^¬ material (overspray) via the suction dissipate 87th The switching device 104 may be formed by switching valves or the like, for example. As is indicated schematically in FIG. 8, the connecting pieces 103 and the switching device 104 can be arranged on the adjusting slide 49. The hot air duct 102 and the suction channel 87 can run in the region of the axis of rotation D through the turntable 37. The channels 102, 87 are preferably arranged coaxially with the axis of rotation D, at least with their section running on the turntable 37.

In the embodiment of the engine block holder 35, a variety of Abwandlungsmöglichkeiten of the exist Embodiments which have been described above with reference to the drawing. For example, the table top 38 and / or the adjustment slide 49 may be part of the removable pallet 91. The change pallet 91 itself carries preferably no drive motors before ^¬ . The first and second on ^¬ drive motor 45, 51 are fixed to the esterification portion of the Motorblockhal- arranged 35, which is fixedly connected to the machine frame 23rd To drive the table top 38 and the Verstellschlittens 49 49 can be prepared with the associated drive motor 45, 51 when arranging the removable pallet 91 to the parts connected to the machine frame 23 parts of the engine block holder 35, for example by positive and / or reib ^¬ conclusive drive coupling means such as gears, friction wheels or the like.

It is also possible in a modified embodiment also that the compensation device 70 is arranged on the removable pallet 91.

The device 10 described above operates as follows:

An engine block 12 is arranged on the adjusting carriage 49 of the engine block holder 35 with the aid of the lifting / swiveling changer 85. About the adjusting carriage 49, a first cylinder bore 11 to be coated is aligned with its longitudinal axis along the axis of rotation D. Here ver ^¬ ursacht the compensation device 70, a corresponding compensating movement of a Ausgleichsschlit ^¬ maximum of 72, so that the overall center of gravity of the engine block 12 and the parts of the engine block mount 35, which rotate about the axis of rotation D, lies at least on the rotation axis D. About the rotary actuator 44 of the turntable 37 and in particular the

Table top 38 in rotation about the axis of rotation D offset. The Coating tool 13 moves along the tool ^¬ axis W in the cylinder bore 11 into and injected loading coating material on the wall of the cylinder bore 11. For the coating, during the rotation of the turntable 37 and hence of the engine block 12 about the axis of rotation D equal ^¬ time the coating tool 13 moves along the tool axis W ^¬ until the bore 11 is completely ^¬ be coated. Subsequently, the coating tool 13 is moved out of the cylinder bore 11.

In the exemplary embodiment, the coating work ^¬ convincing 13 is moved over the tool drive 24 linearly along the tool axis W. Alternatively, in a modified exemplary embodiment, the engine block holder 35 or a part thereof could be moved together with the engine block 12 by means of a linear drive parallel to the axis of rotation D relative to the coating tool 13. It is only important that between the coating tool 13 and the engine block 12 via a suitable drive, a relative movement parallel to the tool axis W or the axis of rotation D can be generated.

About the adjusting carriage 49 of the engine block 12 is positioned with the next to be coated cylinder bore 11 on the axis of rotation D. During this movement of the Ver ^¬ adjusting carriage 49, the turntable 27 may be stopped or alternatively rotate further about the axis of rotation D. Via the coupling device 73 is a 72 moves at least from ^¬ equal sled according opposite direction to the adjusting ^¬ sled 49 in the adjustment direction V. Then, the coating tool is moved into this next Zylin ^¬ the bore 11 13 and coatings ausgesto ^¬ SEN. The second cylinder bore 11 is coated analogously to the first cylinder bore 11. This process is repeated cyclically until all cylinder bores 11 of the engine block 12 are coated. Then the finished coated engine block 12 is removed via the stroke-pivot changer 85 and another engine block 12 is used to coat cylinder bores 11 in the engine block holder 35.

The invention relates to a device 10 and a method for coating at least one cylinder bore 11 of an engine block 12. The engine block 12 is mounted on an engine block holder 35 which has a turntable 37 rotatably mounted about a rotation axis D and an adjustment slide 49 mounted indirectly or directly on the turntable 37 having. The adjustment slide 49 is movable at right angles to the axis of rotation D in an adjustment direction V. A compensation device 70 with a balance shuttle 72, on which a balance weight is 71, serves to reduce egg ^¬ ne unbalance of the engine block 12 and the rotating with the motor ^¬ block 12 about the axis of rotation D portions of the motor block support 35, at least or eliminate. The compensating slide 72 is for this purpose in particular motion-coupled via a coupling device 73 to the adjusting slide 49 and does not have its own drive motor. The balance shuttle 72 is moved in particular in opposite directions in the adjustment direction V with respect to the adjustable slide 49. The introduced to the coating in the cylinder bore 11 coating die 13 is linearly movable along the tool axis W ^¬ and rotationally fixed relative to the tool axis W ^¬ stored. During the coating, the coating Be ^¬ tool 13 is moved in the cylinder bore 11 along the tool axis W, and the engine block 12 is rotated about the axis of rotation D by means of the turntable 37th Reference sign list:

10 device

11 cylinder bore

12 engine blocks

13 coating tool

14 fingers

15 spray opening

16 spray mask

17 Mask changeover

18 slide

19a first magazine

19b second magazine

20 heating means

21 Heizmittelwechseleinrichtung

22 tool slides

23 machine frame

24 Tool drive

25 feeder

26 reservoir

27 wire roll

28 metal wire

29 feed channel

30 cleaning device

31 Testing, measuring or machining tool 31a Rework tool

31b induction heating tool

31c camera

31d cleaning tool

35 engine block bracket

36 sockets

37 turntable

38 table top pillar

cylindrical opening rotary bearing rotary drive

first drive motor first drive wheel first output wheel adjustment slide adjustment drive second drive motor second drive wheel second output gear ring gear

Planetary gear connecting shaft sun gear

drive shaft

Slide drive gear first planetary gear second planetary axis

Fixed hollow wheel Coupling wheel Compensation device Compensation weight Compensation carriage Coupling device Guide rail Coupling wheel

Coupling belt pulley 80 additional coupling device

81 coupling rod

85 Hub swivel changer

86 suction device

87 suction channel

90 tilting device

91 change pallet

92 tilt bracket

93 tilt drive

100 masking device

101 heat supply device

102 warm air duct

103 connection piece

104 switching device

D rotation axis

P arrow

Rl first direction

R2 second direction

V adjustment direction

W tool axis

Claims

Claims:

1. An apparatus (10) for coating at least one cylinder bore (11) of an engine block (12) with a coating tool (13) having a computationally twin ^¬ Kelig or obliquely with respect to a tool axis (W) orientier ^¬ te spray opening (15), with a linear drive (24), which causes a linear Re ^¬ lativbewegung between the coating tool (13) and the engine block (12) to the tool axis parallel (W), wherein the coating tool (13) rotating ^¬ fixed with respect to the tool axis (W) stored is, with an engine block bracket (35) for the engine block (12) having a about an axis of rotation (D) rotatably mounted and via a rotary drive (44) driven rotary table (37), wherein the rotary drive (44) is adapted to the Turntable (37) during the on ^¬ carrying the coating around the rotational axis (D) to dre ^¬ hen, the engine block holder (35) for linear movement of the engine block (12) has a Verstellschlitten (49), the linear and rechtwi is slidably mounted to the axis of rotation (D) in an adjustment direction (V) and that is drivable via an adjusting drive (50), and with a compensating device (70) having at least one balance weight (71), which is an unbalance of Mo ^¬ gate block (12 ) and / or the parts (49, 37) of the engine block holder (35) rotating with the engine block (12) about the rotation axis (D) are reduced or eliminated.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1,

characterized in that at least one of the equal weights ^¬ (71) in a first direction (Rl) perpendicular to the axis of rotation (D) is movable.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2,

characterized in that the first direction (Rl) coincides with the adjustment direction (V).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drive (24) for ^¬ input or change distance between the axis of rotation (D) and the tool axis (W) is present to the spraying distance or working distance between the coating Adjust tool (13) and the wall of the cylinder bore (11).

5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compensating device (70) has at least one compensating slide (72) which in the first direction (Rl) and / or the second direction (R2) is movable.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5,

characterized in that the compensating slide (72) and the adjusting slide (49) are coupled by means of a coupling means (73).

7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adjusting slide (49) of the engine block holder (35) on the turntable (37) is arranged.

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to the engine block holder (35) at least one removable pallet (91) belongs, which carries the engine block (12).

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the engine block holder (35) has a tilting device (90), by means of which the engine block (12) relative to the axis of rotation (D) can be inclined.

10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9,

characterized in that the adjusting carriage (49) and / or the turntable (37) and / or the compensating device (70) and / or the tilting device (90) or at least parts of the preceding devices (49, 37, 70, 90) on the Removable pallet (91) is arranged or are.

11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Versteilantrieb (50) along the axis of rotation (D) arranged Antriebswel ^¬ le (58) via a transmission (55) with the drive motor (51) of the adjusting device ( 50) is coupled.

12. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Versteilantrieb (50) for the adjusting slide (49) with the rotary drive (44) for the turntable (37) is coupled for movement.

13. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a feed device

(25) is provided to the coating tool (13) wire or rod-shaped metallic starting material

(28), wherein the coating tool (13) has a heat source to melt the supplied starting ^¬ material (28).

14. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the engine block holder

(12) and / or the coating tool (13) an Ab ^¬ suction duct (87) of a suction device (86) is present.

15. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating tool

(13) has a replaceable spray mask (16), which is automatically replaced by a mask changing device (17).

16. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coating tool (13) has a replaceable heating means (20) which is automatically replaceable via a tool changing device (21).

17. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a transport device (85) for transporting a motor block to be coated (12) to the device (10) and / or an already coated engine block (12) from the device (10) present is.

18. A method for coating at least one cylinder bore (11) of an engine block (12) using a coating tool (13) having a rechtwinke ^¬ lig or obliquely to a tool axis (W) oriented injection port (15), using a linear drive (24), by means of which a relative movement between the coating tool (13) and the motor block (12) parallel to the tool axis (W) who ^¬ can, wherein the coating tool (13) rotatably relative to the tool axis (W) is mounted, using an engine block bracket (35) for the engine block (12), the one to a Rotary axis (D) rotatably mounted turntable (37) and a Verstellschlitten (49), wherein the Verstellschlitten (49) linearly and perpendicular to the axis of rotation (D) in an adjustment ^¬ (V) is movably mounted, and using a compensating device ( 70) with at least one balance weight (71), comprising the following steps:

- arranging an engine block (12) on the Motorblockhal ^¬ esterification (35) and positioning of the cylinder bore to be coated (11) along the rotational axis (D) by using the Verstellschlittens (49)

Positioning at least one balance weight (71) of the balancing device (70) in order to prevent an unbalance of the engine block (12) and / or parts (49, 37) of the engine block holder (35) rotating about the rotation axis (D) with the engine block (12) ) to reduce or eliminate

Generating a relative movement between the coating tool (13) and the engine block (12) along the tool axis (W) in the cylinder bore (11),

Ejecting a coating material from the

Spray opening (15) of the coating tool (13) currency ^¬ rend the coating tool (13) along the axis ^¬ tools is moved (W) in the cylinder bore (11),

- Turning the turntable (37) about the axis of rotation (D) while ^¬ the coating tool (13) ejects the coating material.

Method according to claim 18,

characterized in that the movement of the mo- gate block (12) for positioning the cylinder bore (11) to be coated on the rotation axis (D) and / or positioning at least one balance weight (71) of the compensation device (70) during rotation of the turntable (37) about the axis of rotation (D) takes place ,