WO2013108223A1

WO2013108223A1 - The production method of ecological biofuel briquettes

Info

Publication number: WO2013108223A1
Application number: PCT/IB2013/050475
Authority: WO
Inventors: Visvaldas ZELENIAKAS
Original assignee: Uab "Svela Real Estate"
Priority date: 2012-01-19
Filing date: 2013-01-18
Publication date: 2013-07-25
Also published as: LT2012002A; LT5973B

Abstract

This invention aims to create a new production method of biofuel briquettes which allows to produce the biofuel briquettes by employing the 'mechanical' or 'manual' method without using electric power. The fundamental feature of the invention is that by producing the biofuel briquettes from various types of waste, a binding agent is introduced into the same mass, which during the process of natural drying congeals together with the said waste. The following waste can be used when using the invention: peat, coal sand, rabbit faeces, hay, straw, grains, hulls, shells, flour, dry sugar beet waste, shredded branches, chips, sawdust, cones, recycled grease, etc. The said waste can be mixed with the binding agent (flour) mechanically, while the said waste can be also pressed manually with a pestle into the pockets made of various materials even without the binding agent. The preparation method of the biofuel briquette ensures very easy production process without any energy sources: neither heat nor electricity. Also, the biofuel briquettes produced in such a way are characterized by high energy emission, are light and damp-proof. The damp / moisture does not damage the mentioned briquettes.

Description

THE PRODUCTION METHOD OF ECOLOGICAL BIOFUEL BRIQUETTES

Technical Field

The invention refers to biofuel briquettes and methods of their production. The invention also refers to the use of waste.

Background Art

There have been a number of different alternative energy inventions patented around the globe which are related with such various renewable energy sources as water, biological medium (plants, animals, wood, etc.), air, sunlight and so on. On the other hand, the activity or existence of humanity and biological medium causes a lot of various types of waste, for example, wood sawdust, flour dust, carbon sand, animal faeces, hay, straw, grain, shredded branches and many other different types of waste. Since humanity always feels the need for energy, and different types of waste constantly increase, therefore increasingly new ways appear that solve two problems at a time: energy production and the use of waste. As time goes by, the alternative energy occupies bigger and more important place in human life, as the number of standard non-renewable energy sources (oil, gas, coal, etc.) rapidly decreases, energy demand only increases.

This invention refers to the production method of biofuel briquettes, when the basis of one briquette is made up of various types of waste, and the production method of the briquette consists of the sequence of appropriate operations.

The French patent No. FR2904325, published in 1 February, 2008, is known. Herein, the compression of corn, buckwheat, barley, oats and other similar grains into cylindrical pellets is analysed. Such type of pellets can be used as a food for animals or as biofuel. However, in order to implement such a method, a high pressure processing equipment and electric power is needed.

Also the American patent No. US5421836, published in 6 June, 1995, is known. Herein, a production method is analysed, when the coal dust of the coconut tree, borax, limestone and other similar type of waste is crushed, mixed with starch and water, then compressed. At the end of such a process the pellets are produced, which are put into bags and supplied to the end user. However, in order to implement such a method a sophisticated equipment and electric power is needed.

The American patent No. US5288413, published in 22 February, 1994, is known. Herein, a disposal method, encompassing the filtration operation by employing the vacuum equipment, of the solid waste containing water or oil, is analysed. Such a solution separates / filtrates potentially combustible materials from humidity and other liquids very well. However, such a patent encompasses only the filtration process, during which an expensive and sophisticated equipment is used.

Also the Chinese patent No. CN101113348, published in 30 February, 2008, is known. Herein, a biofuel production method, which uses the equipment of high pressure liquid conversion, is described. The technology allows to produce the biofuel briquettes from various materials, for example, sawdust, straw, household flammable materials and so on. Therefore, in this case, to compress the said waste into the briquettes a high-pressure equipment is used.

The closest in terms of the technical level is the international application WO0005328, published 3 February, 2000. Herein, a high-pressure equipment, used to compress different types of waste into the combustible biofuel briquettes, is described. During the production process of the briquettes, heating is used. However, in this case a compression equipment is used again.

By examining the current technical level it has been noticed that production of biofuel by using briquettes is very popular, however it is carried out by using complex and expensive compression and / or vacuum equipment, which requires maintenance (supervising) and electric power.

Technical Problem

Technical Solution

This invention aims to create a new production method of biofuel briquettes by allowing to produce the biofuel briquettes manually (by hands), without using any technological equipment and electrical power.

The fundamental feature of the invention is that by producing the biofuel briquettes from various types of waste, a binding agent is introduced into the same mass, which during the process of natural drying congeals together with the said waste. It is also noteworthy that the said binding agent is combustible and also a waste, that is, the production process is completely ecological and during the production no additional by-products or materials are required. The amount of the binding agent can vary, also, the method is described below which allows to reduce the amount of the binding agent until it is non-existent.

The preparation method of the biofuel briquette ensures very easy production process without any energy sources: neither heat nor electricity. Also, the biofuel briquettes produced by applying the method have a very high combustion temperature, are especially light (in weight) and, another thing that is important, are resistant to moisture. The production method of such briquettes can be used by people in rural areas where there is no electricity supply.

The new production method of the biofuel briquettes protects environment and its resources: reduces the fossil fuel consumption and deforestation, saves energy.

Advantageous Effects

Description of Drawings

Fig. 1, a photograph of the biofuel briquettes produced by using the method of this invention (as visual material).

Best Mode

It has been noted that a lot of waste is produced by the activity / existence of the humanity / biological medium. No wadays, the waste recycling takes bigger and more important place in the life of the humanity, because the amount of waste increases while the land resources decreases. The following waste can be used when using this invention:

wet or dry peat, coal sand, rabbit faeces, any hay, any straw, shells and remains from all grains (corn, buckwheat, barley, oat, etc.), sunflower seed hulls, nutshells, all types of flour or remains of the process of grinding, flour dust, used oil, shredded branches, large chips, large / small sawdust, fir and pine cones, recycled grease, various grains, etc.

All components can be both dry or wet, that is, the method of the invention does not require to dry the waste. On the contrary, it is preferable that the waste would have water or any other liquid in itself.

The fundamental feature of this invention is that by producing the biofuel briquettes from various types of waste, a binding agent is introduced into the same mass, which during the process of natural drying congeals together with the said waste. The binding fraction can be any type of flour, starch, flour dust or similar type of waste from grains at grinding mills.

The preparation method of the biofuel briquettes of the invention consists of the following steps:

1) all waste is mixed in a large bowl (without or with water) together with the binding agent.

2) using a machine tool with film, the cylindrical briquettes are formed (shaped) from the mixed material and wrapped in the said film;

3) the briquettes are removed from the machine tool and left to dry, for approximately 5 hours (pre-drying);

4) after the pre-drying, the said film is removed from the formed briquettes;

5) the formed briquettes are dried one more time, for approximately 12-13 hours (secondary drying).

When applying this invention production method to produce the biofuel briquettes, we get light, quickly and easily produced, ecological, highly combustible and water resistant biofuel briquettes. There is no need to crush such a briquette, they have a good scent, are suitable for various types of furnaces. It should be also noted that all the said waste can be mixed without water, however water / humidity does not affect the process negatively, on the contrary, it helps. After having mixed the waste with the biding agent and a certain amount of water or other liquid, after the secondary drying, the briquettes become more solid (as bone), are more combustible (more heat is generated during the combustion) and become more resistant to humidity (no need to protect from the damp / moisture because the damp / moisture does not damage this inventions mentioned briquettes). The amount of the binding agent may vary over a wide range (for example: 5-50%), however it has been empirically established, that the best case when the amount of the binding agent is 15% of the total mixture / briquette content (weight). During the pre-drying and the secondary drying, the said briquettes can be dried directly in the open air or indoors, however it is possible to dry in special dryers. During the pre-drying and secondary drying the aforementioned times (durations) are optimal, however, depending on materials and need, these time periods (durations) can be longer or shorter.

The standard (that is, 'mechanical') production method of biofuel briquettes required mechanical tools, however, briquettes can be formed directly by hands (with gloves) without any machine tool. In this case the preparation method of biofuel briquettes consists of the following stages (manual method):

1) all waste is mixed in a large bowl (without any water) together with or without a binding agent:

2) the mixed material inserted to / pressed into prepared different diameter plastic or cylindrical paper pockets (these pockets made of various materials are the waste of the production process).

It should be also noted that the shape of the biofuel briquettes can vary: cylinder, rectangle, cone, egg, cube, pyramid, ball, hexagonal prism, etc. Also, the said briquette can be of a regular or irregular shape. The cylindrical shape is the most optimal in terms of combustion; however the geometry of the product (briquette) can vary. The briquette can be of any length.

In the case when the formation of the said briquettes is carried out manually by using pockets made various material, the amount of the binding agent can be reduced till non-existent.

Further, few best implementation methods when applying the aforementioned 'mechanical' production method of the briquettes are provided:

1) mixing of wet or dry, large or small wood sawdust with flour dust (sawdust briquette);

2) mixing of wet or dry peat with flour dust (peat briquette), to which the said wood sawdust also can be added;

3) mixing of carbon sand with sawdust, peat and flour dust (coal briquette).

Also, the best implementation method, when applying the aforementioned 'manual' method of the production of briquettes, is provided:

1) hay, straw, coal dust, sawdust, grain or shredded branches (in this case the flour / flour dust of the binding agent is not required) are inserted into the pocket(s) made of various materials.

The production waste of dry sugar beets also appeared to be good combustible fuel. The dry sugar beet waste is perfectly compressed into the said pockets that can be made of various (different) materials manually, without any binding agent. The best way to press the said various waste into the pockets that can be made of (from) various materials is by using a simple wood pestle.

In order to illustrate and describe the invention, the descriptions of the best implementation options are provided above. This is not an exhaustive or limiting invention aiming to determine an exact form or implementation option. The aforementioned description should be perceived more as an illustration and not as a limitation. It is evident that for professionals of the field there may be obvious many modifications and variations. Implementation options are selected and described in order the specialists of the field to provide the best explanation of the principles of the invention and their best practical application for different implementation options with different modifications suitable for a particular usage or application of implementation. The scope of the invention is specified in its claims and its equivalents where all said terms have meaning at the widest limits unless it is specified otherwise. It must be recognized that in relation to the implementation options, described by professionals of the relevant field, modifications may be made without deviating from the scope of the invention, as it is presented in the following claims.

Mode for Invention

Industrial Applicability

Sequence List Text

Claims

1. The production method of biofuel briquettes, comprising the collection and compression of various waste, characterized in that it includes the following stages (mechanical method):

1) all waste mixed in a large bowl (without or with water) together with the binding agent;

2) by using machine tool with film the cylindrical briquettes are formed (shaped) from the mixed material and wrapped in the said film;

3) the formed briquettes are removed from the mechanical machine tool and allowed to dry for some time, approximately 5 hours (pre-drying);

4) after the pre-drying, the said film is removed from the formed briquette;

the formed briquettes are dried again, approximately for 12-13 hours (secondary drying).

2. The production method of the biofuel briquettes, comprising the collection and compression of various waste, characterized in that it includes the following stages (manual or hand method):

1) all waste mixed in a large bowl (without water) together with or without the binding agent;

2) the mixed material inserted to / pressed into prepared cylindrical pockets that can be made of / from various materials (these pockets made of various materials are the production process waste).

3. The production method of the biofuel briquettes according to the claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the binding agent is any type of flour, flour dust, starch or waste of various grains.

4. The production method of the biofuel briquettes according to the claim 1, characterized in that the binding agent is 5-50 % of the total weight of the mixture, however the most optimal part of the material in the total weight is 15 %.

5. The production method of the biofuel briquettes according to the claim 2, characterized in that the binding agent may be non-existent.

6. The production method of the biofuel briquettes according to any of the above mentioned claims, characterized in that the said briquettes can be of any shape: cylinder, rectangle, cone, egg, cube, pyramid, ball, hexagonal prism; also, the said briquette can be regularly or irregularly shaped.

7. The production method of the biofuel briquettes according to any of the above mentioned claims, characterized in that the said waste can be the following:

wet or dry peat, coal sand, rabbit faeces, any hay, any straw, shells and remains from all grains (corn, buckwheat, barley, oat, etc.), sunflower seed hulls, nutshells, all types of flour or remains of the process of grinding, flour dust, dry sugar beet waste, shredded branches, large chips, large / small sawdust, fir and pine cones, recycled grease, various grains, etc.