WO2013178917A1 - Panneau composite auto-raidi et procede de realisation - Google Patents
Panneau composite auto-raidi et procede de realisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013178917A1 WO2013178917A1 PCT/FR2013/051159 FR2013051159W WO2013178917A1 WO 2013178917 A1 WO2013178917 A1 WO 2013178917A1 FR 2013051159 W FR2013051159 W FR 2013051159W WO 2013178917 A1 WO2013178917 A1 WO 2013178917A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stiffeners
- insert
- outer skin
- matrix
- fiber layers
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005447 environmental material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000569 greater omentum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
- B29C33/306—Exchangeable mould parts, e.g. cassette moulds, mould inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
- B29C33/48—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/44—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles
- B29C33/48—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling
- B29C33/485—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with means for, or specially constructed to facilitate, the removal of articles, e.g. of undercut articles with means for collapsing or disassembling cores or mandrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
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- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
- B29C70/443—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding and impregnating by vacuum or injection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
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- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
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- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/543—Fixing the position or configuration of fibrous reinforcements before or during moulding
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/549—Details of caul plates, e.g. materials or shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/74—Moulding material on a relatively small portion of the preformed part, e.g. outsert moulding
- B29C70/76—Moulding on edges or extremities of the preformed part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/86—Incorporated in coherent impregnated reinforcing layers, e.g. by winding
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- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
- B29D99/0014—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings provided with ridges or ribs, e.g. joined ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1284—Application of adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C1/00—Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces or the like
- B64C1/06—Frames; Stringers; Longerons ; Fuselage sections
- B64C1/064—Stringers; Longerons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C3/00—Wings
- B64C3/18—Spars; Ribs; Stringers
- B64C3/182—Stringers, longerons
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
- B29L2031/3082—Fuselages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
- Y10T156/10—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor
- Y10T156/1002—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina
- Y10T156/1028—Methods of surface bonding and/or assembly therefor with permanent bending or reshaping or surface deformation of self sustaining lamina by bending, drawing or stretch forming sheet to assume shape of configured lamina while in contact therewith
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a panel comprising elements increasing its rigidity and a device for implementing such a method.
- the invention relates more particularly to a method of producing a composite material panel of the type called "self-stiffened", intended for example, to be applied to the fuselage, a structural box or a wing of an aircraft.
- a self-stiffened panel consists mainly of a flat or curved outer skin on which stiffeners perpendicular to the plane of the panel are reported, to improve the resistance of this plate to the mechanical stresses applied to it.
- Each stiffener is an elongated element whose transverse vertical section is L, T or U-shaped.
- the stiffener thus comprises a horizontal portion which is parallel and is fixed to the outer skin, and one or more vertical longitudinal portions which are perpendicular to the main plane of the outer skin.
- the outer skin and the stiffeners are made of composite material; they comprise fibers in at least one material, called reinforcement, which are bonded together by a matrix such as a resin.
- a conventional method for producing such a self-stiffened panel is to position the outer skin on a molding support, then to set up skins for forming the preformed stiffeners on the outer skin. The whole is covered by a vacuum bag to form a vacuum around the skins. Then, wedging means are arranged on the vacuum bag to hold in place the vertical portions of the stiffeners.
- the assembly is put in place in an oven to carry out the polymerization of the resin.
- the outer skin and the skins intended to form the stiffeners are pre-impregnated with resin.
- the establishment of the skins for forming the stiffeners is effected by means of preforms, or inserts, which are then removed, before the introduction of the air bag, and then wedging means.
- the introduction of the vacuum bag and wedging means can deform the vertical portions of the stiffeners.
- the invention aims to provide a method and a device for obtaining a self-stiffened panel for which the vertical portions of the stiffeners are properly flat to optimize the quality of the panel.
- the invention proposes a method of producing a self-stiffened composite panel comprising an outer skin and stiffeners, each stiffener comprising a stiffener binding portion to the outer skin, and at least one portion protruding from the portion link,
- the method comprises a step of draping fiber layers intended to form the stiffeners on at least one insert of shape complementary to the final shape of the stiffeners, so that each layer of fiber intended to form a stiffener comprises a portion binding and a portion projecting downwards relative to the connecting portion, a step of draping a layer of fibers intended to form the outer skin on the layers of fibers intended to form the stiffeners, and a step of simultaneously joining together all the layers fiber.
- each vertical portion of a fiber layer forming a stiffener on an insert makes it easier to keep them in shape during the joining step, which makes it possible to obtain a panel comprising stiffeners of relatively precise shape.
- the step of draping the layers of fibers on said at least one insert is followed by a step of positioning each insert covered by the associated layer of fibers on a molding support.
- the step of positioning the stiffeners is to position the inserts covered by the fiber layers adjacent to each other.
- the fiber layers are intended to be bonded to each other by a matrix, and during the draping and positioning stages, the fiber layers are not matrix impregnated and the bonding step comprises an injection phase. of said matrix and then a hardening phase of said matrix.
- the step of injecting the matrix consists of injecting the matrix from bottom to top.
- the step of joining consists of positioning at least one of a demolding fabric, an air drainage felt, a smoothing sheet and a vacuum bag on the layer of fibers intended to form the outer skin. before the injection phase of said matrix.
- the panel comprises metal accessories attached to the stiffeners and / or the outer skin
- the method comprises a step of placing the accessories simultaneously to the draping step of the fiber layers for forming the stiffeners.
- the invention also proposes a device for implementing a method according to the invention which comprises a molding support on which the fiber layers for forming the stiffeners and the outer skin are draped, via inserts, characterized in that it comprises positioning means longitudinally and / or transversely of each insert on the support.
- the positioning of the inserts on the molding support makes it possible to obtain a good transverse position and a parallelism of the vertical portions of the stiffeners.
- said positioning means consist of a key system.
- the support comprises a horizontal upper face which comprises grooves cooperating with the positioning means of each insert and the injection orifices of a binding matrix of the fiber layers.
- each insert is of parallelepipedal shape of longitudinal main orientation and of rectangular section in a transverse vertical plane.
- the support is made of a low coefficient of expansion material.
- each insert is made of a material with a high coefficient of expansion.
- the device comprises positioning means longitudinally and / or transversely of each accessory on the support.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a self-stiffened composite panel comprising stiffeners and which is adapted to be produced according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a support on which the fiber layers intended to form the composite panel shown in FIG. 1 are intended to be draped;
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2, in which an insert covered by an associated layer of fibers, intended to form a stiffener, is positioned on the support;
- FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 3, in which all the inserts covered with their associated fiber layers are put in place on the support
- FIG. 5 is a section along a transverse vertical plane of the installation before injection of the matrix
- FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view from below of a self-stiffened composite panel made according to the invention, comprising stiffeners and metal accessories.
- Orientation from top to bottom will also be adopted as the orientation following Earth's gravity.
- the vertical orientation V of the reference L, V, T can be confused with the orientation according to Earth's gravity, as shown by way of non-limiting example.
- the vertical direction V of the reference L, V, T may be inclined with respect to the orientation according to the Earth's gravity.
- FIG. 1 shows a panel 10 of the self-stiffened type, which comprises an outer skin 12 and a plurality of stiffeners 14.
- the outer skin 12 and the stiffeners 14 are made of composite material, that is to say they comprise fibers of at least one material, called reinforcement, which are bonded together by a matrix such as a resin.
- the panel 10 has, for example, the purpose of forming a part of the fuselage or wing of an aircraft, the outer skin 12 has an outer face 12a which is located outside the aircraft and the stiffeners are located inside the fuselage of the aircraft.
- the panel 10 is shown in the form of a substantially horizontal flat plate, that is to say extending in a transverse longitudinal plane. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to this form of the panel 10, which may consist of a curved plate and / or curved.
- the panel 10 is shown in a longitudinal main transverse orientation. It will be understood that the panel 10 can have any other orientation without departing from the scope of the invention.
- the stiffeners 14 are intended to be arranged inside the fuselage, they are thus located on the inner side of the panel 10. Each stiffener 14 is furthermore made in such a way that it comprises an inwardly protruding portion with respect to an inner face 12b of the outer skin 12.
- Each stiffener 14 consists of an elongate element which extends in a longitudinal main direction. Since it protrudes vertically from the inner skin, it imparts extra stiffness to the flexion of the outer skin 12.
- each stiffener 14 in a transverse vertical plane, is L-shaped, T-shaped or U-shaped.
- Each stiffener 14 comprises a stiffener connection portion 18. to the outer skin which is of transverse longitudinal orientation and which is contiguous to the inner face 12b of the outer skin 12.
- Each stiffener 14 also comprises at least one protruding portion 16, which extends here longitudinally vertically and which protrudes vertically downwardly relative to the connecting portion 18, away from the outer skin 12, from an associated lateral edge of the connecting portion 18.
- the stiffeners 14 are arranged adjacent to each other, they are distributed transversely on the outer skin 12 and are placed transversely to one another at their projecting portions 16.
- each protruding portion 16 of a stiffener 14 is contiguous to a projecting portion 16 associated with an adjacent stiffener 14.
- stiffeners 14 having an L-shaped section are disposed at the lateral ends of the panel 12 and their only protruding portion 16 is contiguous to a projecting portion 16 associated with an adjacent stiffener 14.
- FIG. 2 shows a support 20 on which the panel 10 is intended to be formed.
- This support 20 also called “marble”, consists of a horizontally horizontal parallelepipedic element, it comprises a horizontal upper face 20s on which different layers of fibers are successively put in place to form the panel 10.
- FIGS. 3 and following show successive steps of implementation of the method of producing the panel 10 by a device for implementing said method.
- the panel 10 is made by a method consisting of draping, that is to say successively putting in place layers of fibers intended to form the outer skin 12 and the stiffeners 14 and then joining them together by hardening the matrix.
- fiber layers 24 intended to form the stiffeners 14 are draped before the fiber layer 22 intended to form the outer skin of the panel 10. Also, each layer of fibers 24 intended to form a stiffener 14 is put into place. shape so as to have the same shape as the stiffener 14 that it is intended to form.
- Each layer of fiber 24 intended to form a stiffener thus comprises a connecting portion 28 intended to form the connecting portion 18 of the stiffener 14 and at least one vertical longitudinal protruding portion 26 protruding downwardly from an edge of the associated connecting portion 28, which is intended to form a projecting portion 16 of the stiffener 14.
- the device comprises an insert 30 on which said fiber layer 24 intended to form a stiffener 14 is draped.
- This insert 30 is of complementary shape to the final shape of the stiffener 14 to obtain, that is to say here, that the section of the insert 30 in a transverse vertical plane is rectangular.
- the insert 30 thus has a horizontal upper wall 32 on which the connecting portion 28 of the fiber layer 24 is placed, and two vertical longitudinal side walls 34 against each of which a projecting portion 26 of the fiber layer 24 is contiguous .
- the fiber layer 24 is placed on the insert 30 before it is placed on the support 20. This makes it possible to drape the layer of fibers 24 more effectively because the insert 30 is then easily accessible for an operator. Also, the fiber layer 24 is held in place on the insert 30 by the action of Earth's gravity alone, so there is no need for any additional holding device.
- the assembly formed by the insert 30 and the fiber layer 24 is placed on the support 20.
- the support 20 and the insert 30 comprise means making it possible to position the insert 30 horizontally with respect to the support 20, and consequently the fiber layer 24 with respect to the support 20.
- These positioning means here comprise keys which are received in complementary grooves 36 formed in the support 20 and against which keys each insert 30 is longitudinally abutting.
- the method of manufacturing the panel 10 includes a step of successively draping the fiber layers 24 intended to form the inserts 14, positioning on the support 20 the sets each of which is formed by an insert 30 and the fiber layer 24 associated one after the other. This successive implementation is done by positioning the sets on the support 20 adjacent to each other, that is to say by positioning each set next to a set already in place.
- Two vertical portions 26 each belonging to a fiber layer 24, are disposed between the two adjacent inserts 30.
- the transverse distance "e" between two adjacent inserts 30 is defined so that the two vertical portions 26 of the fiber layers 24 are clamped transversely between the two inserts 30.
- the set of fiber layers 24 intended to form the stiffeners 14 are put in place on the support 20 and each one is maintained in the definitive shape of the stiffener 14 associated via the inserts 30.
- inserts 30 are made so that all the connecting portions 28 of the fiber layers 24 are located at the same vertical distance from the upper face 20s of the support, that is to say that all the connecting portions 28 of the fiber layers 24 are located in the same horizontal plane.
- the layer of fibers 22 intended to form the outer skin 12 is draped over the support 20, covering the skins 24 intended to form the stiffeners 14, that is to say by covering the portions of binding 28 fiber layers 24 for forming the stiffeners 14.
- the connecting portions 28 are all located in the same horizontal plane. They thus define in turn a horizontal plane on which the fiber layer 22 for forming the outer skin 12 is draped. At the end of this posterior step, all the skins 22, 24 intended to form the panel 10 are all placed on the support 20. Each vertical portion of a fiber layer 24 intended to form a stiffener 14 'extends downwards and is held by Earth's gravity in this configuration. There is therefore no risk that it will deform in the rest of the process.
- the fiber layer 22 intended to form the outer skin 12 which is naturally downwardly supported by the earth's gravity on the connecting portions 28 of the fiber layers 24. As shown in FIG. 22, 24 are then covered by different layers of environmental materials which will be used in a subsequent step of joining the fiber layers 22, 24.
- These layers of environmental materials consist in particular of a vacuum bag 40 disposed outside the assembly, a fabric 42 facilitating demolding, a fabric or felt 44 of vacuum drainage and systems 46 for emptying under the vacuum bag 40 and a "flat caul" smoothing plate 47 to improve the surface condition of the outer face 12a of the outer skin 12.
- the method comprises a subsequent step of joining the fibers to obtain the panel.
- This step consists in injecting a resin to bind the fibers of the different layers 22, 24 together and bind the fiber layers 22, 24 together.
- the resin is injected from the support 20, from the bottom to the top.
- the fiber layers 22, 24 are impregnated from the free lower ends of their protruding portions to the fiber layer 22 for forming the outer skin 12, flowing between two adjacent inserts 30, space defined by their side walls 34 vis-à-vis, between which the vertical portions 26 of the fiber layers 24 are received.
- the support 20 comprises resin injection orifices 48 which open into the upper horizontal face 20s of the support 20.
- these orifices open into the grooves 36 allowing transverse positioning of the inserts 30 on the support 20.
- the positioning of the grooves 36 on the support 20 is defined so that the keys cooperating with the inserts 30 are located at the side walls 34 of the inserts 30.
- the longitudinal grooves 36 are located transversely at the level of the projecting vertical portions 26 of the fiber layers 24.
- the resin After the resin has been completely injected and the air has been removed, the resin is cured, for example under an oven.
- the support 20 is made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which makes it possible to limit its dimensional variations.
- the material constituting the support 20 is an alloy of iron and nickel, known under the name "Invar”.
- the inserts 30 are made of a material having a relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as for example aluminum.
- the self-stiffened panel 10 comprises metal accessories 50 which are integrated in the panel 10 during its production.
- metal accessories 50 such as for example compression fittings, in particular make it possible to form supports on which components of the aircraft will subsequently be mounted.
- the accessories 50 are put in place on the inserts 30 or on specific inserts simultaneously with the step of placing the fiber layers 22, 24, and preferably simultaneously with the placing step. in place of the fiber layers 24 for forming the stiffeners 14 on the inserts 30.
- the inserts 30 are able to carry the accessories 50, for their positioning relative to the fiber layers 22, 24 and relative to the support 20.
- each insert 30 has recesses (not shown) able to partially receive the accessories 50.
- each accessory 50 consists of a compression fitting comprising a transverse longitudinal wall 52 which is situated in the same plane as the connecting portion 18 of the associated stiffener 14, two vertical longitudinal lateral portions 54 each of which is located in a plane of a protruding portion 16 of the stiffener 14, and a transverse vertical portion 56 connected to the longitudinal ends of the other portions 52, 54 of the fitting 50.
- the fitting 50 is located here at a longitudinal end of the panel 10. Thus, when it is put in place, the fitting 50 covers a longitudinal end of the associated insert 30.
- the invention is not limited to a panel 10 comprising only stiffeners 14 having vertical longitudinal protruding portions 16 and that the panel may also comprise stiffeners 14 having transverse vertical protruding portions.
- the method of manufacturing a panel comprising such stiffeners 14 is similar to the method just described and the device is adapted to these transverse vertical protruding portions.
- the device comprises a plurality of longitudinally aligned inserts 30 which are offset longitudinally to allow forming the transverse vertical protruding portions.
- the insert further comprises transverse grooves 60 shown in Figure 2, which allow the longitudinal positioning of the inserts 20 on the support 30 and in which injection ports open for the injection of the resin.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2874937A CA2874937C (fr) | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-27 | Panneau composite auto-raidi et procede de realisation |
GB1421210.4A GB2520438B (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-27 | Self-stiffened composite panel and method of producing same |
RU2014152719A RU2014152719A (ru) | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-27 | Самоужесточаемая композитная панель и способ ее изготовления |
CN201380034292.4A CN104428127A (zh) | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-27 | 自加强复合面板及其制造方法 |
US14/557,074 US10105938B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2014-12-01 | Self-stiffened composite panel and method of producing same |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1254925 | 2012-05-29 | ||
FR1254925A FR2991228B1 (fr) | 2012-05-29 | 2012-05-29 | Procede et dispositif de realisation d'un panneau composite auto-raidi |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/557,074 Continuation US10105938B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2014-12-01 | Self-stiffened composite panel and method of producing same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2013178917A1 true WO2013178917A1 (fr) | 2013-12-05 |
Family
ID=47080618
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2013/051159 WO2013178917A1 (fr) | 2012-05-29 | 2013-05-27 | Panneau composite auto-raidi et procede de realisation |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10105938B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN104428127A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2874937C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2991228B1 (fr) |
GB (1) | GB2520438B (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2014152719A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013178917A1 (fr) |
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FR3015347A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-26 | Aerolia | Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'un panneau auto-raidi en materiau composite |
CN105619833A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-06-01 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种防止蜂窝回缩的成型方法 |
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CN105415700A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-23 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种用于曲面的工艺垫板使用方法 |
GB201704890D0 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-05-10 | Composite Tech And Applications Ltd | A tool for manufacturing a composite component |
CN110978536B (zh) * | 2019-10-29 | 2021-12-17 | 泰兴市康威塑业有限公司 | 一种塑胶件热保压设备 |
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2012
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2013
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- 2013-05-27 CN CN201380034292.4A patent/CN104428127A/zh active Pending
- 2013-05-27 RU RU2014152719A patent/RU2014152719A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-05-27 CA CA2874937A patent/CA2874937C/fr active Active
- 2013-05-27 WO PCT/FR2013/051159 patent/WO2013178917A1/fr active Application Filing
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2014
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EP2712724A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Eléments de renforcement intégraux |
FR3015347A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-19 | 2015-06-26 | Aerolia | Dispositif et procede de fabrication d'un panneau auto-raidi en materiau composite |
CN105619833A (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-06-01 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种防止蜂窝回缩的成型方法 |
CN105619833B (zh) * | 2014-10-28 | 2018-03-02 | 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 | 一种防止蜂窝回缩的成型方法 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2014152719A (ru) | 2016-07-20 |
CN104428127A (zh) | 2015-03-18 |
GB201421210D0 (en) | 2015-01-14 |
GB2520438A (en) | 2015-05-20 |
FR2991228B1 (fr) | 2015-03-06 |
US20150165744A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
CA2874937C (fr) | 2021-02-16 |
US10105938B2 (en) | 2018-10-23 |
CA2874937A1 (fr) | 2013-12-05 |
FR2991228A1 (fr) | 2013-12-06 |
GB2520438B (en) | 2017-07-26 |
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