WO2013009148A2 - 원통형 이차 전지 - Google Patents
원통형 이차 전지 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013009148A2 WO2013009148A2 PCT/KR2012/005630 KR2012005630W WO2013009148A2 WO 2013009148 A2 WO2013009148 A2 WO 2013009148A2 KR 2012005630 W KR2012005630 W KR 2012005630W WO 2013009148 A2 WO2013009148 A2 WO 2013009148A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gasket
- secondary battery
- cap assembly
- case
- cap
- Prior art date
Links
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Images
Classifications
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/171—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids using adhesives or sealing agents
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
- H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/147—Lids or covers
- H01M50/166—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids
- H01M50/167—Lids or covers characterised by the methods of assembling casings with lids by crimping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/183—Sealing members
- H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
- H01M50/193—Organic material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
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- H01M50/197—Sealing members characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
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- H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
- H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
- H01M2200/106—PTC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cylindrical secondary battery, and more particularly, to a cylindrical lithium ion / polymer secondary battery having a gasket made of a high heat resistant polymer resin.
- a secondary battery unlike a primary battery that cannot be charged, means a battery that can be charged and discharged, and is widely used in electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, camcorders, and power supplies for electric vehicles.
- the lithium secondary battery has an operating voltage of 3.6 V, and has a capacity of about three times that of a nickel-cadmium battery or a nickel-hydrogen battery, which is widely used as a power source for electronic equipment, and has a high energy density per unit weight. Is rapidly increasing.
- Such lithium secondary batteries mainly use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively.
- the lithium secondary battery may be classified into a square battery, a cylindrical battery, and a pouch type battery.
- the lithium ion secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode / separator / negative electrode is sequentially arranged, and a packaging material for sealingly storing the electrode assembly together with the electrolyte solution.
- the packaging material of the rectangular or cylindrical secondary battery has a case having an open end and a cap assembly sealingly coupled to the open end of the case.
- the electrode assemblies are classified into a jelly-roll type wound through a separator between a cathode and an anode coated with an active material, and a stack type sequentially stacked through a separator between a plurality of cathodes and anodes of a predetermined size. do.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly has advantages of being easy to manufacture and having a high energy density per weight.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly is widely used because it is easy to store in a cylindrical or rectangular battery case.
- a stack type electrode assembly is widely used in a pouch type battery.
- the electrode assembly tends to deform while undergoing repeated expansion and contraction.
- the stress is concentrated to the center portion so that the electrode is separated from the separator.
- This internal short circuit is connected to the heat generated by the battery, the organic solvent is decomposed to generate a gas, and the pressure of the inside of the battery may be increased to rupture the exterior material.
- the gas pressure increase inside the battery may also be caused by an internal short circuit caused by an external impact.
- a secondary battery basically includes a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) element (safety element).
- PTC positive temperature coefficient
- the cylindrical battery forms safety devices such as a safety vent for discharging high pressure gas, a current interrupt device (CID) that blocks current when the internal pressure of the battery rises, and a protruding terminal for protecting these devices.
- a cap assembly comprising a top cap, the cap assembly being hermetically coupled to the case by a gasket.
- the gap between the gasket and the cap assembly or between the gasket and the case is high in the process of assembling the cap assembly and the case via the gasket, thereby degrading the airtightness of the battery. . That is, by the clamping process or the like, the gasket is pressed by the case and deformed, thereby closely contacting the case and the cap assembly.
- the gasket according to the conventional structure is inferior in airtightness since the surface closely contacted between the case and the cap assembly is a simple flat shape.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gasket made of a high heat-resistant polymer resin to prevent the short circuit caused by heat deformation even when the gasket is exposed to a high temperature environment due to the increase in the temperature of the secondary battery, the sealing force is It is to provide an improved cylindrical secondary battery.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that a structure that can more completely seal the area where the electrolyte and / or gas leakage or leakage first, that is, between the interface of the cap assembly including the gasket and the safety vent is introduced It is to provide a cylindrical secondary battery.
- An electrode assembly in which a cathode plate and an anode plate are disposed with the separator interposed therebetween;
- a cap assembly capable of sealing the open end of the case
- the gasket has a melting point of 200 °C or more, the hardness is 100D or less, formed of a polymer resin containing 10 to 30 mol% of repeating units represented by the following formula (1) and 70 to 90 mol% of repeating units represented by the following formula (2) Cylindrical secondary batteries are provided:
- n is an integer of 100 to 250.
- An asphalt coating layer may be further provided on the surface of the gasket.
- An electrode assembly in which a cathode plate and an anode plate are disposed with the separator interposed therebetween;
- a cap assembly capable of sealing the open end of the case
- a gasket bent and interposed to have two transverse surfaces opposing between said case and said cap assembly,
- An uneven portion is formed in one transverse surface of the gasket, a protrusion is formed in the other transverse surface, and an edge of the cap assembly is inserted and inserted between the uneven portion and the protruding portion,
- the gasket is formed of a polymer resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or more and a hardness of 100 D or less.
- the polymer resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE), tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
- TPEE thermoplastic polyester elastomer
- PFA tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- the cap assembly includes a top cap disposed to seal an open end of the case and to contact a protrusion of the gasket; A PTC element disposed to contact the top cap; And a safety vent disposed on one surface of the gasket to be in contact with the PTC element, and a part of the other surface of the gasket to contact the uneven portion of the gasket, and electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
- the cap assembly includes a top cap sealing an open end of the case; One side may be in contact with all of the side surface, the upper surface and the lower surface of the top cap, the other surface is bent and disposed so as to contact the protrusions and protrusions of the inner circumferential surface of the gasket, and may be provided with a safety vent electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
- the cap assembly may further include a current blocking device having an upper portion welded to a lower end of the safety vent and a lower portion connected to the electrode assembly.
- the cap assembly may further include an auxiliary gasket surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the current blocking device.
- a gasket into which an edge of the cap assembly is inserted may surround the auxiliary gasket and the lower surface of the current blocking device.
- a gasket into which the rim of the cap assembly is inserted may surround the upper surface of the auxiliary gasket and the current blocking device.
- the gasket may further include an auxiliary gasket interposed between the safety vent and the current blocking device to fix each other in a fitted state.
- the gasket into which the rim of the cap assembly is inserted has an inclined portion or a step portion, and a distal end of the current blocking element is placed in an inclined portion or step portion of the gasket, thereby adding the current blocking element between the safety vent and the gasket. Can be fixed.
- the irregularities and the protrusions may each independently have a triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, or semicircular cross-sectional structure.
- the uneven portion or the protrusion may further include a barb portion.
- the safety vent may be a metal material.
- Cylindrical secondary battery by using a polymer resin of high heat resistance and does not have excessive hardness of the material of the gasket due to heat deformation when the gasket is exposed to a high temperature environment due to the increase in the temperature of the inside of the secondary battery It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a short and the sealing force, and to provide an uneven portion and a protrusion on the lower surface and the upper surface of the inner peripheral surface of the gasket contacting the cap assembly, that is, the electrolyte or gas, such as the cap assembly to increase the bonding force of the contact surface, By increasing the moving distance of the gas or the electrolyte through the portion, it is possible to greatly improve the airtightness of the secondary battery even when the external shock and the internal pressure increase.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a gasket used in a cylindrical secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a cylindrical secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a cylindrical secondary battery including: an electrode assembly in which a cathode plate and an anode plate are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween; A case accommodating the electrode assembly; A cap assembly capable of sealing the open end of the case; And a gasket interposed between the case and the cap assembly, wherein the gasket has a melting point of 200 ° C. or more, a hardness of 100D or less, and includes a repeating unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a repeating unit represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 It is formed of a polymeric resin:
- n is an integer of 100 to 250.
- the gasket is composed of an electrically insulating elastic polymer resin, and the polymer resin needs to have electrical insulating property, impact resistance, elasticity and durability.
- the gasket should be excellent in chemical resistance to the electrolyte in order to prevent leakage to the electrolyte, and high heat resistance is required to maintain the airtightness of the gasket in the harsh conditions of high temperature and high humidity inside the battery.
- the polymer resin forming the gasket of the cylindrical secondary battery according to an aspect of the present invention has a melting point of 200 ° C or higher, or 200 to 350 ° C, or 200 to 310 ° C.
- the melting point of the polymer resin satisfies this range, the fluidity of the polymer resin is not exhibited below the melting point even at the time of abnormally overheating due to an electrical short circuit inside the secondary battery or an external environment, so that the structure of the gasket contacts the cap assembly. Can be suppressed, and the airtightness of the gasket can be improved.
- the polymer resin has a hardness of 100D or less, or 40 to 100D, or 60 to 90D based on Shore Hardness.
- Shore hardness was designed by AF Shore of the United States in 1906 and has a constant weight and shape. Indicates.
- the gap is not opened when the gasket contacts the cap assembly, the adhesion is improved, and the risk of damage may be reduced even when the secondary battery is assembled.
- the polymer resin is an example of a thermoplastic polyester elastomer, and the hard segment represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the soft segment represented by Chemical Formula 2 may be alternately repeated regularly or irregularly.
- the hard segment may include crystalline polybutylene terephthalate prepared from 1,4-butylene glycol and terephthalic acid or dimethylphthalate
- the soft segment may include amorphous polyether, which is polytetra-methylene glycol. have.
- the polymer resin may be prepared by generally known polymerization and condensation methods.
- the hardness of the polymer resin may be prevented from being excessively high, thereby exhibiting low hardness characteristics, and the polymerization of the polymer resin.
- the time can be adjusted appropriately.
- the weight average molecular weight of the polymer resin is, for example, 10,000 to 500,000, or 20,000 to 300,000, or 50,000 to 250,000.
- the gasket may be further provided with an asphalt coating layer on the surface in contact with the cap assembly.
- the asphalt coating layer may be applied without particular limitation as long as it is an asphalt material having a predetermined sealing property to prevent penetration of moisture or leakage of electrolyte solution.
- the asphalt material since the asphalt material is applied on the gasket, the asphalt material having a very high conductivity, the uneven portion and the protrusion formed on the gasket in the process of applying it may make it difficult to close the gasket and the cap assembly tightly. The airtightness of the battery may be rather harmed. Therefore, the asphalt material also needs to have a malleability that is not too large by having a predetermined viscosity.
- the asphalt material may be at least one selected from the group consisting of coal tar pitch, straight asphalt pitch, and blond asphalt pitch, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- a cylindrical secondary battery including: an electrode assembly in which a cathode plate and an anode plate are disposed with a separator interposed therebetween; A case accommodating the electrode assembly; A cap assembly capable of sealing the open end of the case; And a gasket that is bent and interposed to have two transverse surfaces opposing between the case and the cap assembly, wherein an uneven portion is formed on one transverse surface of the gasket, and a protrusion is formed on the other transverse surface. And an edge of the cap assembly is inserted and inserted between the uneven portion and the protruding portion, and the gasket is formed of a polymer resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or more and a hardness of 100 D or less.
- polymer resins may be one or more selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polyester elastomers (TPEE), tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymers (PFA), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). However, it is not limited to this.
- TPEE thermoplastic polyester elastomers
- PFA tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkylvinylether copolymers
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- Cap assembly seals the open end of the case, the top cap disposed to be in contact with the protrusion of the gasket; A PTC element disposed to contact the top cap; And a safety vent disposed at one surface of the gasket in contact with the PTC element and a part of the other surface of the gasket in contact with the uneven portion of the gasket, and electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
- the interface portion between the cap assembly and the gasket especially the interface portion between the gasket and the safety vent, has a high possibility of leakage of electrolyte or gas, as described above, the uneven portion is formed, so that their safety vent is shorted. It is possible to greatly prevent the leakage of the electrolyte or gas at the interface, thereby greatly improving the safety of the battery.
- the uneven portion improves the bonding force between the cap assembly and the gasket when the cap assembly is assembled with the case of the battery via the gasket by a mechanical press process (clamping process).
- the reason is that the upper and lower surfaces of the gasket are provided with irregularities to increase the contact area between the metallic top cap and the safety vent, thereby increasing the adhesion between the cap assembly and the gasket.
- the uneven portion formed of the gasket may be further formed on the surface of the cap assembly in contact with the gasket. If concavities and convexities are formed on the surfaces of both the gasket and the cap assembly in such contact, the bond between the two can be further increased.
- the concave-convex portion may be a structure capable of solidifying the coupling force between the gasket and the cap assembly, and the position, size, shape, and the like of the concave-convex portion should not be particularly limited.
- the uneven portion may have a triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal or semicircular cross-sectional structure.
- the protrusion may be triangular, square, trapezoidal or semicircular in cross section, and when assembled with the case of the battery, the protrusion contacts the upper surface of the gasket and the cap assembly, that is, the top cap, which causes the contact area with the gasket due to the protrusion. Since the protrusions are increased and compressed more than other parts, the bonding force, adhesion (fixability), and shape occlusion between the interfaces to be contacted can be improved.
- the protrusion may be formed with a barbed portion in the form of a conventional fish hook at the end of the projection to further improve the bonding force and / or adhesion between the interface.
- the secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention may further include an uneven portion for preventing can-part leakage formed on any one surface of a case contacting the gasket and a surface of the gasket contacting the gasket.
- the additional uneven portion is to prevent the electrolyte or gas from leaking through the interface between the case and the gasket separately from the uneven portion described above.
- the safety vent serves to block a current or exhaust gas when the pressure inside the battery rises, and is preferably made of metal.
- the thickness of the safety vent may vary depending on the material and the structure, and the like may be, but is not particularly limited, as long as the safety vent may burst while generating a high pressure inside the battery, and may be 0.2 to 0.6 mm, for example.
- the PTC device serves to block the current by greatly increasing the battery resistance when the temperature inside the battery rises, and the thickness of the PTC device may also vary depending on the material and the structure, for example, 0.2 to 0.4 mm.
- the thickness of the PTC element is too thick, the internal resistance increases, and the size of the battery may be increased to reduce the capacity of the battery compared to the same standard.
- the thickness of the PTC element is too thin, it is difficult to exert a desired current interruption effect at high temperature and can be destroyed even by a weak external impact. Therefore, the thickness of the PTC element can be appropriately determined within the above-described thickness range in consideration of these points in combination.
- the thickness of the top cap portion in contact with the PTC element is not particularly limited as long as it can protect various components of the cap assembly from pressure applied from the outside, and may be, for example, 0.3 to 0.5 mm. If the thickness of the top cap portion is too thin, it is difficult to exert predetermined mechanical rigidity. On the contrary, if the thickness of the top cap portion is too thick, the capacity of the battery compared to the same standard may be reduced by increasing the size and weight.
- the secondary battery including a cap assembly having a top cap, a PTC element, and a safety vent may be used as a power source for a mobile phone or a notebook, which stably provides a constant output.
- a lithium secondary battery having a top cap, a PTC element, and a safety vent may not be able to provide a high output at a moment, and may have a uniform output due to a change in resistance of a contact surface during external shock such as vibration.
- PTC devices typically exhibit an electrical resistance of about 7 to 32 m ⁇ even at room temperature and, furthermore, a steep rise in resistance as the temperature rises, which can be a major deterrent to providing instantaneous high output. Because there is.
- the contact surface of the top cap, the PTC element, and the safety vent during external impact such as vibration may not provide a uniform output because the change of resistance becomes very large.
- the cap assembly includes a top cap for sealing the open end of the case; One side is in contact with all of the side, top and bottom of the top cap, the other side is bent and disposed so as to contact the concave and convex portion of the gasket, and a safety vent electrically connected to the electrode assembly.
- the secondary battery having the cap assembly When used as a power source of a power tool such as a power drill, the secondary battery may provide a high output instantaneously and may be stable against external physical shocks such as vibration and dropping.
- the uneven portion of the gasket secures the bonding force between the gasket and the cap assembly, and the protrusion is bent and wrapped around the top cap, and the bonding force, adhesion, form between the interface of the safety vent and the gasket contacted with the top surface of the top cap. It plays a role in improving occlusion.
- the contact surface of the safety van and the top cap may form one or more welds, and may be simultaneously formed in a radially symmetric position, for example, two places. , Symmetrical structure in 4 places, 6 places and 8 places.
- welding used in the present invention is used as a concept that includes not only welding in a literal sense such as laser welding, ultrasonic welding, resistance welding, but also a fastening method such as soldering. Welding may be performed in the process of assembling the cap assembly itself, or even in a state where the cap assembly is placed in a can.
- the protrusions provided on the upper and lower longitudinal surfaces of the gasket may be tightly bound to the surface of the irregularity to effectively prevent leakage of the electrolyte or the like. can do.
- the secondary battery having the cap assembly may further include an uneven portion for preventing can-part leakage formed on any one surface of a case contacting the gasket and a surface of the gasket contacting the gasket.
- the cathode lead welded to the cathode foil of the jelly-roll type electrode assembly is electrically connected to the cap assembly and connected to the protruding terminal at the top of the top cap, and the anode lead welded to the anode foil
- the case itself constitutes the anode terminal by welding to the closed end of the case.
- the material of the case is not particularly limited and may be formed of any one of stainless steel, steel, aluminum, or equivalents thereof.
- the secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention may be a lithium (ion) secondary battery having high energy density, high discharge voltage, and high output stability.
- a lithium secondary battery is composed of a cathode, an anode, a separator, a nonaqueous electrolyte containing lithium salt, and the like.
- the cathode is produced by, for example, applying a mixture of a cathode active material, a conductive material, and a binder on a cathode current collector and then drying, and optionally, a filler may be further added.
- the anode is manufactured by applying and drying the anode active material on the anode current collector, and may further include the above-described components as necessary.
- the separator is interposed between the anode and the cathode, and an insulating thin film having high ion permeability and mechanical strength is used.
- the lithium salt-containing non-aqueous electrolyte is composed of a nonaqueous electrolyte and a lithium salt, and the nonaqueous electrolyte is a liquid nonaqueous electrolyte, a solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, or the like.
- a current collector, an electrode active material, a conductive material, a binder, a filler, a separator, an electrolyte, a lithium salt, and the like are known in the art, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the secondary battery 100 includes a cylindrical case 20 accommodating the electrode assembly 10 together with an electrolyte, and a cap assembly sealingly coupled to an open end of the case 20. 30, a gasket 40 interposed between the case 20 and the cap assembly 30, an uneven portion 50 formed on a surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the bottom surface of the safety vent 36, and a top cap ( 32 is provided with a projection 60 formed on the surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the upper surface.
- the electrode assembly 10 is interposed between two electrode plates 11 having different polarities from each other and having a wide plate shape in a roll shape and the electrode plates 11 to insulate the electrode plates 11 from each other. It is preferable to have a separator 12 disposed on the left side or the right side of the electrode plate 11 and wound in a so-called 'Jelly Roll' shape.
- the cathode plate and the anode plate of a predetermined standard may be stacked in such a manner that the separator is interposed therebetween.
- the two electrode plates 11 have a structure in which an active material slurry is applied to a current collector in the form of a metal foil or a metal mesh each containing aluminum and copper.
- the slurry is usually formed by stirring a granular active material, auxiliary conductor, binder, plasticizer and the like in a state where a solvent is added. The solvent is removed in the subsequent process.
- a pair of leads corresponding to each electrode plate 11 is attached to the uncoated portion.
- the first lead 13 attached to the top of the electrode assembly 10 is electrically connected to the cap assembly 30, and the second lead (not shown) attached to the bottom of the electrode assembly 10 is the case 20. Is connected to the bottom of the. Of course, both the first lead 13 and the second lead may be drawn out toward the cap assembly 30.
- the electrode assembly 10 may be disposed on a first insulating plate (not shown) installed at the bottom of the case 20, and a second insulating plate (not shown) may be disposed on the top of the electrode assembly 10.
- the first insulating plate insulates between the electrode assembly 10 and the bottom of the case 20, and the second insulating plate insulates between the electrode assembly 10 and the cap assembly 30.
- the case 20 is made of a lightweight conductive metal material such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and has a cylindrical structure having an open upper end and a closed bottom opposite thereto.
- the electrode assembly 10 and the electrolyte (not shown) are accommodated in the inner space of the case 20.
- the electrolyte is to move lithium ions generated by the electrochemical reaction of the electrode plate 11 during charging and discharging of the secondary battery 100.
- the electrolyte may be a polymer using a non-aqueous organic electrolyte or a polymer electrolyte which is a mixture of lithium salts and high purity organic solvents, but the type of electrolyte is not a problem.
- a center pin (not shown) may be inserted into the center of the case 20 to prevent the electrode assembly 10 wound in a jelly roll form from being loosened and to serve as a gas passageway inside the secondary battery 100. It may be.
- An upper portion of the case 20, that is, an upper portion of the upper end of the electrode assembly 10 is provided with a beading portion 24 formed to be bent from the outside to the inside to prevent the up and down flow of the electrode assembly 10.
- the cap assembly 30 is assembled to the opening of the case 20 in a sealed state through the gasket 40, and includes a top cap 32, a PTC element 34, a safety vent 36, and a current cutoff. Element 38.
- the top cap 32 has electrode terminals (not shown) formed to be electrically connected to the outside.
- the PTC element 34 is for blocking the flow of current inside the battery by overheating the battery 100.
- the safety vent 36 is convexly protruded at the center to be welded to a current interrupt device (CID) 38, and the current interrupt device 38 is connected to the safety vent 36 by an internal pressure of the secondary battery 100.
- CID current interrupt device
- it may be divided into a CID gasket and a CID filter.
- the gasket 40 has a cylindrical shape with both ends open as a whole, and one side end facing the inner surface of the case 20 has a structure that is bent at a right angle toward the center so as to be placed at the opening of the case 20, that is, the clamping portion. desirable.
- the other end of the gasket 40 is first extended in a straight line to face the axial direction of the cylindrical gasket 40, and is bent at a right angle toward the center during the pressing process with the case 20 so that the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the gasket 40 are cap assemblies 30, respectively.
- the top cap is folded in close contact with the inner surface of the case 20.
- the gasket 40 is a material having electrical insulation, impact resistance, elasticity and durability, and is made of a polymer resin having a melting point of 200 ° C. or more and a hardness of 100 D or less.
- the uneven portion 50 is formed on the surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the safety vent 36 and has a triangular cross-sectional shape, wherein the uneven portion may be further provided on the bottom surface of the safety vent 36.
- the protruding portion 60 is formed on the surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the upper surface of the top cap 32, and has a protruding structure having a triangular cross section. Such irregularities and protrusions may have a rectangular, trapezoidal or semicircular cross-sectional structure in addition to the triangles.
- the concave-convex portion 50 and the protrusion 60 provided in the gasket 40 are closely coupled while being engaged with each other during the clamping operation of the open end of the case 20 to further improve the sealing coupling force between the cap assembly 30 and the gasket 40. You can strengthen it. Therefore, the uneven parts 50 and the protrusions 60 prevent the electrolyte or gas from leaking to the upper portion of the cap assembly 30 until the safety vent 36 ruptures when internal pressure occurs in the secondary battery 100. do.
- an auxiliary gasket 42 may be further included.
- the auxiliary gasket 42 is configured to surround the outer circumferential surface of the current blocking device 38 as a gasket for the current blocking device 38.
- the auxiliary gasket 42 contacts the upper and side portions at the outer circumferential surface of the current blocking element 38 to support the upper and side portions of the current blocking element 38.
- the auxiliary gasket 42 may allow the current blocking device 38 and the safety vent 36 to be electrically insulated from each other except for a portion where the protruding portion of the safety vent 36 and the current blocking element 38 contact each other. Play a role.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those described in FIG. 1 are the same members with the same functions.
- the PTC device is not disposed between the top cap and the safety vent, and the safety vent 36 is bent to form the top cap 32. It consists of a form that wraps around.
- the uneven portion 50 is formed on one surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the bottom surface of the safety vent 36
- the protrusion 60 is formed on one surface of the gasket 40 in contact with the top surface of the top cap 32.
- These include triangular cross sectional structures. As described above, these uneven portions and protrusions may have a rectangular, trapezoidal or semicircular cross-sectional structure in addition to the triangle.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view before and after the pressing process of the gasket of the secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, the other end of the gasket 40 is first extended in a straight line to face the axial direction of the cylindrical gasket 40 (refer to the left figure in FIG. 3), and bent at a right angle toward the center during the pressing process with the case 20. And a concave-convex portion 50 having two or more concave-convex structures on the lower surface facing each other and a projection 60 on the upper surface (see the right figure in FIG. 3).
- the uneven part 50 and the protruding part 60 may not be actually observed in the battery assembly process because the concave-convex part 50 and the protruding part 60 are closely bonded with the top cap or the safety vent.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a configuration of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same components as those described in FIG. 1 are the same members with the same functions.
- an asphalt coating layer 70 is provided on a part of the inner circumferential surface of the gasket 40 and the case surrounding the edge of the cap assembly 30.
- the gasket 40 of the cap assembly 30 has a structure in which a lower end thereof extends to a lower portion of the current blocking element 38, and a lower end portion of the gasket 40 surrounds a lower portion of the current blocking element 38.
- the gasket 40 supports the current blocking device 38 together with the auxiliary gasket 42 and simultaneously protects it.
- the lower end of the gasket 40 when an impact is applied to the side surface of the case 20 so that the case 20 is deformed inward, the lower end of the gasket 40 is disposed under the current interruption element 38. Since it moves further inward, the gasket 40 is wrapped to support the lower portion of the current blocking device 38 more securely.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a secondary battery according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the gasket 40 of the cap assembly 30 has a structure in which a lower end extends to an upper portion of the current blocking element 38, and a lower end portion of the gasket 40 surrounds the upper portion of the current blocking element 38.
- the auxiliary gasket 42 has a structure surrounding the lower portion of the current interrupting element 38. Therefore, the gasket 40 supports the current blocking device 38 together with the auxiliary gasket 42 and simultaneously protects it.
- the cap assembly 30 includes a top cap 32, a PTC element 34 and a safety vent 36 inside a gasket 40 mounted to the bead 24 of the case 20. It consists of a structure in which the current interruption element 38 is in close contact.
- the auxiliary gasket 42 may be further added to serve to secure the fitting between the safety vent 36 and the current interrupt device 38. That is, the auxiliary gasket 42 is positioned between the upper surface of the current blocking element 38 and the protruding fitting of the “Z” type of the safety vent 36 to support and protect the current blocking element 38. do.
- the gasket 40 may have an inclined portion or a step portion toward the lower end, and the current blocking element 38 is disposed by the distal end portion 38a of the current blocking element 38 being placed on the inclined portion or the step portion of the gasket 40. May be further secured between the safety vent 36 and the gasket 40.
- a top cap and a cylindrical case were fabricated, a cylindrical case electrode assembly was mounted, and a beading process was performed on the cylindrical case corresponding to the upper end of the electrode assembly to form a crimping portion.
- a thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) resin having a melting point of 208 ° C. and a shore hardness of 65D on the inner surface of the crimping portion, and having three uneven portions of triangular cross section on the lower surface of the bent inner peripheral surface.
- TPEE thermoplastic polyester elastomer
- the TPEE resin comprises 20 mol% of repeating units of Formula 1 and 80 mol% of repeating units of Formula 2, and had a weight average molecular weight of 100,000:
- the current interrupting device was mounted and coupled to the safety vent through laser welding. At this time, welding was performed at a power about 5% higher than the general rated welding power. Then, the PTC element and the top cap were mounted, and the top of the can was bent inward, and then, a crimping and pressing process was performed to prepare ten cylindrical transfer batteries of 18650 (diameter 18 mm, length 65 mm).
- Ten cylindrical secondary batteries were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the gasket was composed of tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer (PFA) having a melting point of 306 ° C and a shore hardness of 60D. .
- PFA tetrafluoride-perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymer
- Example 2 Ten cylindrical secondary batteries were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the gasket was made of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) having a melting point of 224 ° C. and a Shore hardness of 90D.
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- Ten cylindrical secondary batteries were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the gasket was made of polypropylene having a melting point of 165 ° C. and a Shore hardness of 85D.
- Cylindrical secondary batteries prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were stored in a high temperature storage chamber at 200 ° C. for 1 hour to evaluate heat resistance.
- Second insulating plate 20 ... case
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
- Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
평가 결과 | |
비교예 1 | 3회 자유 낙하시 누액 현상 발생 |
실시예 1 | 10회 자유 낙하 후에도 누액 현상 관찰되지 않음 |
실시예 2 | 10회 자유 낙하 후에도 누액 현상 관찰되지 않음 |
Claims (16)
- 캐소드판 및 애노드판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 배치된 전극 조립체;상기 전극 조립체가 수납되는 케이스;상기 케이스의 개방단을 밀봉할 수 있는 캡 조립체; 및상기 케이스와 상기 캡 조립체 사이에 개재되는 가스켓을 포함하고,상기 가스켓이 융점 200℃ 이상이고, 경도가 100D 이하이고, 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 반복단위 10 내지 30몰% 및 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 반복단위 70 내지 90몰%를 포함하는 고분자 수지로 형성되는 원통형 이차 전지:[화학식 1][화학식 2](상기 식에서 n은 100 내지 250의 정수이다).
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 가스켓의 표면 상에 아스팔트 도포층이 더 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 캐소드판 및 애노드판이 세퍼레이터를 사이에 두고 배치된 전극 조립체;상기 전극 조립체가 수납되는 케이스;상기 케이스의 개방단을 밀봉할 수 있는 캡 조립체; 및상기 케이스와 상기 캡 조립체 사이에 대향하는 2개의 횡방향면을 갖도록 절곡되어 개재되는 가스켓을 포함하고,상기 가스켓의 일 횡방향면에 요철부가 형성되어 있고, 타 횡방향 면에 돌출부가 형성되어 있고, 상기 요철부 및 상기 돌출부 사이에 상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 끼워져 있고,상기 가스켓이 융점 200℃ 이상이고, 경도가 100D 이하인 고분자 수지로 형성되는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 고분자 수지가 열가소성 폴리에스테르 엘라스토머(TPEE), 테트라플루오라이드-퍼플루오로알킬비닐에테르공중합체(PFA), 및 폴리부틸렌테레프탈레이트(PBT)로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체가상기 케이스의 개방단을 밀봉하고 상기 가스켓의 돌출부에 접촉되도록 배치된 탑 캡(top cap);상기 탑 캡에 접촉되도록 배치된 PTC 소자; 및일면은 상기 PTC 소자에 접촉되고 타면의 일부가 상기 가스켓의 요철부에 접촉되도록 배치되고, 상기 전극 조립체에 전기적으로 연결된 안전 벤트;를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체가상기 케이스의 개방단을 밀봉하는 탑 캡(top cap); 및일면은 상기 탑 캡의 측면, 상면 및 하면 모두에 접촉되고, 타면은 가스켓의 내주면의 요철부 및 돌출부에 접촉되도록 절곡되어 배치되고, 상기 전극 조립체에 전기적으로 연결된 안전 벤트;를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제5항 또는 제6항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체가 상부가 상기 안전 벤트의 하단에 용접되고, 하부가 전극 조립체와 연결될 수 있는 전류차단소자를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 있는 가스켓 이외에, 상기 전류차단소자의 외주면을 감싸는 보조 가스켓을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 있는 가스켓이 상기 보조 가스켓 및 상기 전류차단소자의 하부면을 감싸는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 있는 가스켓이 상기 보조 가스켓 및 상기 전류차단소자의 상부면을 감싸는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 있는 가스켓 이외에, 상기 안전 벤트와 상기 전류차단소자의 사이에 개재되어 상호 끼워맞춤 상태로 고정시키는 보조 가스켓을 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 캡 조립체의 테두리가 삽입되어 있는 가스켓이 경사부 또는 계단부를 가지고, 상기 전류차단소자의 말단부가 상기 가스켓의 경사부 또는 계단부에 안치됨으로써 상기 전류차단소자가 상기 안전벤트 및 상기 가스켓 사이에 추가 고정되는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 요철부 및 상기 돌출부가 각각 독립적으로 삼각형, 사각형, 사다리꼴형또는 반원형의 단면 구조를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 요철부 또는 상기 돌출부가 미늘부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제5항 또는 제6항에 있어서,상기 안전 벤트가 금속 재질인 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 가스켓의 표면 상에 아스팔트 도포층이 더 구비되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 원통형 이차 전지.
Priority Applications (4)
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EP12811971.6A EP2733767B1 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | Cylindrical rechargeable battery |
JP2014520140A JP5767407B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | 円筒型二次電池 |
CN201280034631.4A CN103650199B (zh) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | 圆筒形二次电池 |
US13/917,708 US9153805B2 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-06-14 | Cylindrical secondary battery |
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KR10-2011-0069510 | 2011-07-13 | ||
KR20110069510 | 2011-07-13 | ||
KR1020120076626A KR101313325B1 (ko) | 2011-07-13 | 2012-07-13 | 원통형 이차 전지 |
KR10-2012-0076626 | 2012-07-13 |
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US13/917,708 Continuation US9153805B2 (en) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-06-14 | Cylindrical secondary battery |
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WO2013009148A3 WO2013009148A3 (ko) | 2013-04-04 |
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US (1) | US9153805B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2733767B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP5767407B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101313325B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN103650199B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2013009148A2 (ko) |
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CN109906520A (zh) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-06-18 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 施压掩模以及使用施压掩模将顶盖组件与电极接片结合的方法 |
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US20160099443A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Top cap assembly for secondary battery |
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CN109906520A (zh) * | 2017-08-14 | 2019-06-18 | 株式会社Lg化学 | 施压掩模以及使用施压掩模将顶盖组件与电极接片结合的方法 |
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KR101313325B1 (ko) | 2013-09-27 |
CN103650199B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
JP2014524118A (ja) | 2014-09-18 |
KR20130009691A (ko) | 2013-01-23 |
US9153805B2 (en) | 2015-10-06 |
CN103650199A (zh) | 2014-03-19 |
EP2733767B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
EP2733767A2 (en) | 2014-05-21 |
WO2013009148A3 (ko) | 2013-04-04 |
JP5767407B2 (ja) | 2015-08-19 |
US20130273401A1 (en) | 2013-10-17 |
EP2733767A4 (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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