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WO2013070058A1 - A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil - Google Patents

A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013070058A1
WO2013070058A1 PCT/MY2012/000269 MY2012000269W WO2013070058A1 WO 2013070058 A1 WO2013070058 A1 WO 2013070058A1 MY 2012000269 W MY2012000269 W MY 2012000269W WO 2013070058 A1 WO2013070058 A1 WO 2013070058A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phytonutrients
extracting
mixture
polar solvent
palm oil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2012/000269
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mei Han Ng
Yuen May Choo
Original Assignee
Malaysian Palm Oil Board
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Malaysian Palm Oil Board filed Critical Malaysian Palm Oil Board
Priority to MYPI2015000742A priority Critical patent/MY192728A/en
Priority to CN201280055427.0A priority patent/CN104039169B/en
Priority to SG11201402286SA priority patent/SG11201402286SA/en
Publication of WO2013070058A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013070058A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/003—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fatty acids with alcohols
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil.
  • Crude palm oil consists of 99% glycerides and fatty acids and 1 % of minor components.
  • the minor components commonly found in CPO are namely, carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qjo, phospholipids and glycolipids.
  • the minor components are also termed as phytonutrients as they have been found to exhibit beneficial health properties such being anti-oxidative and anti cancer.
  • the minor components can be extracted and recovered from the CPO by various methods. However, these methods call for tedious and time consuming procedures. A more rapid process is thus favorable for the extraction and recovery of the palm minor components.
  • the present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil.
  • the minor components are known as phytonutrients.
  • the phytonutrients includes carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qio, phospholipids and glycolipids.
  • the process for extracting phytonutrients includes the steps of: i) mixing the palm oil with alcoholic solution and base catalyst, (ii) heating the mixture obtained from step (i) between 1 to 20 minutes using microwave with frequencies between 200MHz to 300GHz; (iii) cooling the mixture obtained from step (ii) to room temperature; (iv) adding non-polar solvent into the mixture obtained from step (iii) and the mixture is agitated wherein a top layer and bottom layer are formed; (v) subjecting the bottom layer to agitation with non-polar solvent; (vi) repeating step (v) to the bottom layer formed in step (v) and subsequent bottom layers that are formed by adding non-polar solvent and followed by agitation until the upper layer turns pale yellow in color; (vii) drying the upper layers obtained from step (iv), (v) and (vi).
  • the dried portion consists of the minor components.
  • the minor components are such as carotenes, tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols), sterols and squalene.
  • the alcoholic solution is selected from ethanol, methanol or combination of ethanol and methanol.
  • the base catalyst is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
  • the non polar solvent is selected from hexane, heptane or cyclohexane.
  • the present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil.
  • the minor components are such as carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qio, phospholipids and glycolipids.
  • the minor components are known as phytonutrients.
  • Crude palm oil is first mixed with an alcoholic solution and a base catalyst. The mixture is then subjected to reaction under microwave heating for several minutes (between 1-20 minutes). The microwave heating is performed using a frequency range between 200MHz to 300GHz. Crude palm oil is reacted with an alcohol solution and base catalyst, converting the crude palm oil to esters. Minor components, i.e. phytonutrients which remain un-reacted are then extracted from the resultant mixture obtained after the microwave heating through solvent extraction.
  • the mixture After the microwave heating, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and a known amount ( ⁇ 100mL) of non-polar solvent is then added. Upon agitation and left to rest, the mixture forms two layers in which upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is re-extracted with the non polar solvent until it turns into pale yellow in color. The pooled upper layers are then washed with water and dried to zero percent moisture content. The dried portion consists of the said minor components.
  • the alcoholic solution is selected from ethanol, methanol or combination of ethanol and methanol. Any alcoholic solution can be used in the present invention.
  • the base catalyst is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
  • the non- polar solvent is selected from hexane, heptane or cyclohexane.
  • Example 1 30mL absolute ethanol and 5mL 50% potassium hydroxide are added to 5.0g crude palm oil in a flat round bottom flask. The mixture is then placed in an 800 watt, 2450 MHz microwave oven. The mixture is then let to react in the microwave for 6 minutes. Thereafter the mixture is left to cool to room temperature. lOOmL hexane is added into the mixture and agitated and left to rest. Two layers are then formed. Upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is again subjected to agitation with hexane. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried. The dried portion contains the minor components as indicated in Table 1. Table 1 : Minor Components Recovered in the Dried Portion

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Pyrane Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil. The minor components are known as phytonutrients. The minor components are such as carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Q, phospholipids and glycolipids. The process for extracting includes the steps of: i) mixing the palm oil with alcohol and catalyst, (ii) heating the mixture obtained from step (i) using microwave with frequencies between 200MHz to 300GHz; (iii) cooling the mixture 10 obtained from step (ii) to room temperature; (iv) adding non-polar solvent into the mixture obtained from step (iii) and the mixture is agitated wherein a top layer and bottom layer are formed; (v) subjecting the bottom layer to agitation with non-polar solvent; (vi) repeating step (v) on the bottom layer formed in step (v) and subsequent bottom layers that are formed by adding non-polar solvent and followed by agitation until the upper layer turns pale yellow in color; (vii) drying the upper layers obtained from step (iv), (v) and (vi).

Description

A PROCESS FOR EXTRACTING PHYTONUTRIENTS IN PALM OIL
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil.
BACKGROUND ART OF INVENTION
Crude palm oil (CPO) consists of 99% glycerides and fatty acids and 1 % of minor components. The minor components commonly found in CPO are namely, carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qjo, phospholipids and glycolipids. The minor components are also termed as phytonutrients as they have been found to exhibit beneficial health properties such being anti-oxidative and anti cancer. The minor components can be extracted and recovered from the CPO by various methods. However, these methods call for tedious and time consuming procedures. A more rapid process is thus favorable for the extraction and recovery of the palm minor components.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil. The minor components are known as phytonutrients. The phytonutrients includes carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qio, phospholipids and glycolipids.
The process for extracting phytonutrients includes the steps of: i) mixing the palm oil with alcoholic solution and base catalyst, (ii) heating the mixture obtained from step (i) between 1 to 20 minutes using microwave with frequencies between 200MHz to 300GHz; (iii) cooling the mixture obtained from step (ii) to room temperature; (iv) adding non-polar solvent into the mixture obtained from step (iii) and the mixture is agitated wherein a top layer and bottom layer are formed; (v) subjecting the bottom layer to agitation with non-polar solvent; (vi) repeating step (v) to the bottom layer formed in step (v) and subsequent bottom layers that are formed by adding non-polar solvent and followed by agitation until the upper layer turns pale yellow in color; (vii) drying the upper layers obtained from step (iv), (v) and (vi).
After the mixture is agitated and left to rest, two layers are formed. Upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is again subjected to agitation with non polar solvent. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried to zero percent moisture content. The dried portion consists of the minor components. The minor components are such as carotenes, tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols), sterols and squalene.
The alcoholic solution is selected from ethanol, methanol or combination of ethanol and methanol. The base catalyst is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. The non polar solvent is selected from hexane, heptane or cyclohexane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention relates to a process for extracting minor components in palm oil. The minor components are such as carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qio, phospholipids and glycolipids. The minor components are known as phytonutrients. Hereinafter, this specification will describe the present invention according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, it is to be understood that limiting the description to the preferred embodiments of the invention is merely to facilitate discussion of the present invention and it is envisioned that those skilled in the art may devise various modifications and equivalents without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Crude palm oil is first mixed with an alcoholic solution and a base catalyst. The mixture is then subjected to reaction under microwave heating for several minutes (between 1-20 minutes). The microwave heating is performed using a frequency range between 200MHz to 300GHz. Crude palm oil is reacted with an alcohol solution and base catalyst, converting the crude palm oil to esters. Minor components, i.e. phytonutrients which remain un-reacted are then extracted from the resultant mixture obtained after the microwave heating through solvent extraction.
After the microwave heating, the mixture is cooled to room temperature and a known amount (~100mL) of non-polar solvent is then added. Upon agitation and left to rest, the mixture forms two layers in which upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is re-extracted with the non polar solvent until it turns into pale yellow in color. The pooled upper layers are then washed with water and dried to zero percent moisture content. The dried portion consists of the said minor components.
The alcoholic solution is selected from ethanol, methanol or combination of ethanol and methanol. Any alcoholic solution can be used in the present invention. The base catalyst is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide. The non- polar solvent is selected from hexane, heptane or cyclohexane.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 30mL absolute ethanol and 5mL 50% potassium hydroxide are added to 5.0g crude palm oil in a flat round bottom flask. The mixture is then placed in an 800 watt, 2450 MHz microwave oven. The mixture is then let to react in the microwave for 6 minutes. Thereafter the mixture is left to cool to room temperature. lOOmL hexane is added into the mixture and agitated and left to rest. Two layers are then formed. Upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is again subjected to agitation with hexane. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried. The dried portion contains the minor components as indicated in Table 1. Table 1 : Minor Components Recovered in the Dried Portion
Figure imgf000005_0001
Example 2
30mL absolute ethanol and 5mL 50% potassium hydroxide are added to 5.0g crude palm oil in a flat round bottom flask. The mixture is then placed in a 600 watt, 2450 MHz microwave oven. The mixture is then let to react in the microwave for 5 minutes. Thereafter the mixture is left to cool to room temperature. lOOmL hexane is added into the mixture and agitated and left to rest. Two layers are then formed. Upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is again subjected to agitation with hexane. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried. The dried portion contains the minor components as indicated in Table 2.
Table 2: Minor Components Recovered in the Dried Portion
Minor components Concentration
(ppm)
Carotenes 2490
Tocols (Tocopherols and 52688
Tocotrienols)
Squalene 10127
Sterols 30580 Example 3
30mL absolute ethanol and 5mL 50% potassium hydroxide are added to 5.0g crude palm oil in a flat round bottom flask. The mixture is then placed in a 600 watt, 2450 MHz microwave oven. The mixture is then let to react in the microwave for 4 minutes. Thereafter the mixture is left to cool to room temperature. lOOmL hexane is added into the mixture and agitated and left to rest. Two layers are then formed. Upper layer is kept aside while the lower layer is again subjected to agitation with hexane. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried. The dried portion contains the minor components as indicated in Table 3.
Table 3: Minor Components Recovered in the Dried Portion
Figure imgf000006_0001
Example 4
30mL absolute ethanol and 5mL 50% sodium hydroxide are added to 5.0g crude palm oil in a flat round bottom flask. The mixture is then placed in a 400 watt, 2450 MHz microwave oven. The mixture is then let to react in the microwave for 20 minutes. Thereafter the mixture is left to cool to room temperature. lOOmL hexane is added into the mixture and agitated and left to rest. Two layers are then formed. Upper layer is kept aside while lower layer is again subjected to agitation with heptane. This step is repeated till the upper layer of the re-extracted portion turns pale yellow in color. All the upper layers obtained are then pooled and dried. The dried portion contains the components as indicated in Table 4.
Table 4: Minor Components Recovered in the Dried Portion
Minor components Concentration
(ppm)
Carotenes 1995
Tocols (Tocopherols and 79829 Tocotrienols)
Squalene 10143
Sterols 28499

Claims

1. A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil, the process includes steps of: i) mixing palm oil with alcoholic solution and base catalyst;
ii) heating the mixture obtained from step (i) using microwave with frequencies between 200MHz to 300GHz; and
iii) cooling the mixture obtained from step (ii); and
iv) adding non-polar solvent into the mixture obtained from step (iii) and the mixture is agitated wherein a top layer and bottom layer are formed; v) subjecting the bottom layer to agitation with non-polar solvent; and vi) repeating step (v) on the bottom layer formed in step (v) and subsequent bottom layers that are formed by adding non-polar solvent and followed by agitation until the upper layer turns pale yellow in color;
vii) drying the upper layers obtained from step (iv), (v) and (vi).
2. The process for extracting phytonutrients as claimed in claim 1 wherein the phytonutrients includes carotenes, tocols, tocopherols and tocotrienols, sterols, squalene, coenzyme Qio, phospholipids and glycolipids.
3. The process for extracting phytonutrients as claimed in claim 1 wherein the alcoholic solution is selected from ethanol, methanol or combination of ethanol and methanol.
4. The process for extracting phytonutrients as claimed in claim 1 wherein the base catalyst is selected from potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
5. The process for extracting phytonutrients as claimed in claim 5 wherein the non polar solvent is selected from hexane, heptane or cyclohexane.
6. Phytonutrients extracted as claimed in claims 1 to 5.
PCT/MY2012/000269 2011-11-11 2012-11-09 A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil WO2013070058A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI2015000742A MY192728A (en) 2011-11-11 2012-11-09 A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil
CN201280055427.0A CN104039169B (en) 2011-11-11 2012-11-09 Extract the method for nutrient for plants in Petiolus Trachycarpi oil
SG11201402286SA SG11201402286SA (en) 2011-11-11 2012-11-09 A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MYPI2011005478 2011-11-11
MYPI2011005478 2011-11-11

Publications (1)

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WO2013070058A1 true WO2013070058A1 (en) 2013-05-16

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015183069A1 (en) * 2014-05-29 2015-12-03 Malaysian Palm Oil Board (Mpob) A process to enhance the concentration of tocols from palm oil

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6610867B2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2003-08-26 Renessen Llc Corn oil processing and products comprising corn oil and corn meal obtained from corn
US20050101820A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-05-12 May Choo Y. Recovery of palm phytonutrients
US20050250953A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-11-10 May Choo Y Extraction of palm vitamin E, phytosterols and squalene from palm oil
US7161055B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2007-01-09 Malaysian Palm Oil Board Method of extracting and isolating minor components from vegetable oil
US20070238886A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2007-10-11 Ho David S S Recovery of Phytonutrients from Oils

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6610867B2 (en) * 2000-08-10 2003-08-26 Renessen Llc Corn oil processing and products comprising corn oil and corn meal obtained from corn
US20050101820A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-05-12 May Choo Y. Recovery of palm phytonutrients
US20050250953A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-11-10 May Choo Y Extraction of palm vitamin E, phytosterols and squalene from palm oil
US7161055B2 (en) * 2002-11-27 2007-01-09 Malaysian Palm Oil Board Method of extracting and isolating minor components from vegetable oil
US20070238886A1 (en) * 2003-11-19 2007-10-11 Ho David S S Recovery of Phytonutrients from Oils

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHOW, MEE CHIN ET AL.: "Processing of fresh palm fruits using microwaves", JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE POWER AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY, vol. 40, no. 3, 17 April 2007 (2007-04-17), pages 165 - 173 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015183069A1 (en) * 2014-05-29 2015-12-03 Malaysian Palm Oil Board (Mpob) A process to enhance the concentration of tocols from palm oil
CN106661497A (en) * 2014-05-29 2017-05-10 马来西亚棕榈油局 A process to enhance the concentration of tocols from palm oil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104039169A (en) 2014-09-10
MY192728A (en) 2022-09-05
SG11201402286SA (en) 2014-10-30
CN104039169B (en) 2016-06-29

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