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WO2013046708A1 - Tubular flame burner - Google Patents

Tubular flame burner Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013046708A1
WO2013046708A1 PCT/JP2012/006226 JP2012006226W WO2013046708A1 WO 2013046708 A1 WO2013046708 A1 WO 2013046708A1 JP 2012006226 W JP2012006226 W JP 2012006226W WO 2013046708 A1 WO2013046708 A1 WO 2013046708A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
nozzle
combustion chamber
tubular flame
flame burner
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2012/006226
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
泰平 野内
石井　純
浅沼　稔
岡田　邦明
Original Assignee
Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 filed Critical Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社
Priority to JP2013535934A priority Critical patent/JP5704248B2/en
Priority to KR1020147008949A priority patent/KR101595678B1/en
Priority to CN201280047615.9A priority patent/CN103857961B/en
Priority to EP12836569.9A priority patent/EP2762779B1/en
Publication of WO2013046708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013046708A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F23D1/02—Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/03004—Tubular combustion chambers with swirling fuel/air flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tubular flame burner.
  • the tubular flame burner 10 has a tubular combustion chamber 11 having one end opened, and a nozzle 12 for blowing fuel gas to a closed end side of the combustion chamber 11 and a nozzle 13 for blowing oxygen-containing gas.
  • a burner that forms a tubular flame 14 in the combustion chamber 11 in a direction tangential to the inner wall surface.
  • the burner is downsized, and harmful substances such as NOx that increase depending on combustion conditions, carbonization It is an epoch-making burner that can reduce unburned components such as hydrogen and environmental pollution sources such as soot (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a method for adjusting the temperature of combustion exhaust gas. Absent.
  • Patent Document 2 a nozzle for injecting a temperature adjustment gas for combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is adjusted by the temperature adjustment gas blown from the nozzle. It is described. However, as described in detail in the section “DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION” described later, the technique described in Patent Document 2 sometimes misfires (stops combustion).
  • the present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted appropriately and stably in response to the use of a tubular flame burner as a hot air generator or the like.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tubular flame burner capable of continuing combustion.
  • the present invention has the following features.
  • It has a tubular combustion chamber with one end open, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface.
  • a tubular flame burner, A nozzle for injecting a temperature adjustment gas for combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the temperature adjustment gas blown from the nozzle for injecting the temperature adjustment gas flows backward to the fuel gas injection nozzle side.
  • a tubular flame burner provided with a backflow prevention means for preventing this.
  • the backflow prevention means inclines the blowing direction of the temperature adjusting gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjusting gas 10 ° to 60 ° downstream from the plane orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber.
  • the tubular flame burner according to the above [1].
  • a tubular combustion chamber having one end opened is provided, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface.
  • a tubular flame burner, A nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas of the combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the blowing direction of the temperature adjustment gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas is orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber
  • the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted appropriately, and a tubular flame burner capable of continuing stable combustion is obtained. Yes.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing a conventional tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 1.
  • FIG. FIG. 2 shows a tubular flame burner 10A having a temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle based on one embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to the tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 2 described above. .
  • a tubular flame burner 10A shown in FIG. 2 has a tubular combustion chamber 11 having one end opened like the conventional tubular flame burner 10 shown in FIG. 1, and a fuel gas is provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber 11.
  • a nozzle (fuel gas blowing nozzle) 12 for blowing gas and a nozzle (oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle) 13 for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface thereof, and a tubular flame 14 is formed in the combustion chamber 11.
  • a nozzle for blowing a temperature adjusting gas 17 for adjusting the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 on the open end side of the combustion chamber 11 (temperature adjusting gas blowing) Nozzle) 16 is provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the tubular flame burner 10A can adjust the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 by blowing and mixing the temperature adjusting gas 17 from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16.
  • this tubular flame burner 10A when a low temperature (for example, normal temperature) temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown in a certain amount or more, a misfire (combustion stop) may occur. Further, when the calorific value of the fuel gas was low and the length of the tubular flame 14 was long, misfiring was observed with a smaller amount of the temperature adjusting gas 17.
  • a low temperature for example, normal temperature
  • misfire combustion stop
  • the present inventors examined the cause of the misfire by a combustion test using a combustion test apparatus or a numerical simulation. As a result, it became clear that this misfire occurred by the following mechanism.
  • the temperature adjusting gas 17 after being blown from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is in its blowing position.
  • a part 18 of the temperature adjustment gas 17 may go back upstream (backflow) along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11, although it is a short distance, trying to diffuse concentrically from I understood.
  • the present inventors obtained the following conclusions from the above results.
  • the temperature adjusting gas 17 is placed at a position after the combustion of the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas that form the tubular flame 14 is completed. It is necessary to prevent the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing back to the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 side. Specifically, it is necessary to blow the temperature adjusting gas 17 downstream from the position where the tubular flame 14 is formed, and to prevent the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing backward to the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 side.
  • FIG. 3 shows the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an installation state of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B.
  • a part 18 of the temperature adjusting gas 17 as shown in FIG. 2 is prevented from flowing back upstream.
  • the temperature adjustment gas 17 is blown in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle ⁇ from the direction orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber 11 toward the downstream side.
  • the gas blowing nozzle 16 is attached to be inclined by an angle ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ is set to 10 ° to 60 ° (10 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 60 °).
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably 25 ° to 60 °.
  • the adjusting gas is used in addition to the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 being inclined by the angle ⁇ .
  • a mechanism for example, a rectifying plate 25 for inclining the flow of the temperature adjusting gas 17 by an angle ⁇ may be provided inside the blowing nozzle 16.
  • the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment is used for temperature adjustment by inclining the blowing angle of the temperature adjusting gas 17 to the downstream side by a predetermined angle ⁇ (10 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 60 °).
  • the backflow of the gas 17 is prevented, and as a result, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 can be adjusted appropriately while accurately preventing misfire while keeping the length of the combustion chamber 11 short.
  • the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 extends from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown in the tangential direction, but other installation states are possible.
  • the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B there are a plurality (three in FIG. 6).
  • the temperature adjusting gas may be blown 17 times from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the direction of tangential to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the temperature adjustment gas injection nozzles 16 are used to adjust the temperature toward the center of the combustion chamber 11. Gas 17 may be blown in.
  • the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is tubular as shown in FIG. 10 as a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B 3 .
  • One end of the flame 14 is reduced in the vicinity of the tip, and a predetermined number (three in FIG. 10) of temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 is supplied to the center of the combustion chamber 11 at the reduced position. You may make it blow.
  • the shape of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 may be a rectangular cross-section nozzle (slit nozzle) as in the tubular flame burner 10B (FIGS. 3 and 4), or the tubular flame burner 10B 1 (FIG. 5). 6), a tubular flame burner 10B 2 (FIGS. 7 and 8), and a tubular flame burner 10B 3 (FIGS. 9 and 10) may be a circular cross-section nozzle.
  • the shape, size, and number of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 may be determined so that the desired flow rate and flow velocity of the temperature adjusting gas can be obtained.
  • FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 show tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E, respectively, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 is installed on the downstream side of the tubular flame 14 and the upstream side of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 without lowering the temperature of the tubular flame 14 by the back flow of the temperature adjusting gas 17.
  • the mixing and combustion of oxygen and fuel gas is accelerated at a high temperature to forcibly complete the combustion.
  • an orifice 21 is installed as the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20.
  • a lattice (mesh) 22 is installed as the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20.
  • the packed bed 23 (for example, the thing which sintered spherical ceramics) is installed as the turbulent flow production
  • the installation of the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 prevents the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing back upstream along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11, and has the effect of not impairing the stability of the tubular flame 14. .
  • the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in the second embodiment have the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 installed on the downstream side of the tubular flame 14, thereby reducing the length of the combustion chamber 11. It is possible to appropriately adjust the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 while accurately preventing misfire.
  • combustion is performed from one temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 as shown in a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in FIG.
  • the temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the chamber 11, other installation states are possible.
  • 17 temperature adjusting gases are blown from a plurality of (three in FIG. 15) temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11. You may do it. Further, it is not always necessary to blow the temperature adjusting gas toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. The temperature adjusting gas 17 may be blown from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 toward the center of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is shaped like a tubular flame burner 10C (FIGS. 11 and 14), a tubular flame burner 10D (FIGS. 12 and 14), and a tubular flame burner 10E (FIGS. 13 and 14). Alternatively, it may be a rectangular cross-section nozzle (slit nozzle) or a circular cross-section nozzle as shown in FIGS.
  • the shape, size, and number of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 may be determined so that the desired flow rate and flow velocity of the temperature adjusting gas can be obtained.
  • the fuel gas to be used is not particularly limited.
  • a low calorific value gas that has a high possibility of misfire when the temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown as shown in FIG. The effect is great when used as a fuel gas.
  • the low calorific value gas is a low calorific value gas having a calorific value of 600 to 900 kcal / Nm 3 , particularly 600 to 800 kcal / Nm 3 , such as blast furnace gas (BFG), CDQ gas, exhaust gas containing a small amount of combustible components, etc. It is.
  • the position where the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is installed is preferably a position after the gas (fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas) forming the tubular flame 14 is combusted. This position varies depending on the calorific value of the fuel gas and the gas flow rate in the combustion chamber.
  • the distance L between the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 and the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is 2 of the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the position is preferably from 5 to 3.5 times, and more preferably from 2.5 to 3.0 times because the length (burner length) of the combustion chamber 11 can be further shortened.
  • the distance L between the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 and the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is the combustion chamber.
  • the position is preferably 3.5 to 6 times the inner diameter D of 11, and is more preferably 4.0 to 5.0 times because the length (burner length) of the combustion chamber 11 can be further shortened.
  • the required length of the combustion chamber 11 (tubular flame combustion zone length) varies depending on the calorific value of the fuel gas, but in any case, the length of the combustion chamber 11 can be shortened by the present invention. It becomes easy.
  • the temperature and supply amount of the temperature adjustment gas may be set so that the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted to a desired temperature.
  • the temperature of the preheating gas is preferably 500 ° C. or higher, and preferably 800 ° C. or higher. Should be set.
  • the temperature adjusting gas preferably contains a reducing gas such as CO or H 2 .
  • a reducing gas such as CO or H 2 .
  • one or more of blast furnace gas, converter gas, coke oven gas, and the like can be used. In particular, it is preferable to extract a part of the blast furnace gas and use it as a temperature adjusting gas.
  • Example 1 of the present invention the performance of the tubular flame burner 10B according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention described above was confirmed using the combustion test apparatus 30 shown in FIG.
  • diluted LPG diluted propane gas, calorific value 2400 kcal / Nm 3
  • LPG propane gas
  • Air was used as the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the fuel gas is blown so that the velocity of the fuel gas blown toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11 and the velocity of the air are about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing in the combustion chamber 11.
  • the sizes of the nozzle 12 and the oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle 13 were adjusted.
  • the temperature adjusting gas 17 three types of diluted LPG (diluted propane gas) diluted with nitrogen 10 times, nitrogen, and air are used, and the amount of blowing is the same as the amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the blowing speed is the combustion chamber.
  • the size of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 was adjusted so as to be about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing in No. 11.
  • the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is about 200 mm, and the total length of the tubular flame burner 10 is 3 m in order to investigate the influence of the temperature adjustment gas blowing position.
  • the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is close to 2000 ° C., so the combustion exhaust gas from the furnace body 31 is cooled by the watering device 32 and then discharged from the chimney 33. Further, the entire furnace body 31 was covered with a refractory, and the piping to the upper roof portion and the sprinkler 32 was water-cooled.
  • a peeping eyeglass, a spark plug, and a luminance detector are installed at the rear end of the tubular flame burner 10. The misfire is detected by the luminance detector, and the propane gas supply is stopped instantaneously.
  • the distance L from the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is changed. The experiment was conducted.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is set to 30 °, and the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12
  • four rectifying plates 25 were installed inside the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16.
  • the fuel gas is changed to a blast furnace gas (calorific value 760 kcal / Nm 3 ), the temperature adjusting gas 17 is also changed to a blast furnace gas, and the oxygen-containing gas is used as it is. I did it.
  • the tubular flame burner 10A based on Embodiment 1 of the present invention, when the distance L was three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the temperature adjustment gas (air) was mixed and misfired at the same time. Further, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, and 5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, the maximum combustion was 5 minutes, 20 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively. On the other hand, when the distance L is 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
  • tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment of the present invention the tubular flame burner 10B 1 (FIG. 5, FIG. 6), the tubular flame burner 10B 2 (FIGS. 7 and 8), the tubular flame burner 10B 3 Also for (FIGS. 9 and 10), the same experiment as the above-described tubular flame burner 10B was performed. As a result, the same results as the tubular flame burner 10B were obtained.
  • Example 2 of the present invention the performance of the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in Embodiment 2 of the present invention described above was confirmed using the combustion test apparatus 30 shown in FIG.
  • diluted LPG diluted propane gas, calorific value 2400 kcal / Nm 3
  • LPG propane gas
  • Air was used as the oxygen-containing gas.
  • the fuel gas is blown so that the speed of the fuel gas blown in the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11 and the speed of the air are about 9 times the gas speed after mixing in the combustion chamber 11.
  • the sizes of the nozzle 12 and the oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle 13 were adjusted.
  • the amount of blowing is the same as the amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the blowing speed is the combustion chamber 11.
  • the size of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 was adjusted so as to be about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing inside.
  • the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is about 200 mm, and the total length of the tubular flame burner 10 is 3 m in order to investigate the influence of the blowing position of the temperature adjusting gas 17.
  • the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is close to 2000 ° C., so the combustion exhaust gas from the furnace body 31 is cooled by the watering device 32 and then discharged from the chimney 33. Further, the entire furnace body 31 was covered with a refractory, and the piping to the upper roof portion and the sprinkler 32 was water-cooled.
  • a peeping eyeglass, a spark plug, and a luminance detector are installed at the rear end of the tubular flame burner 10. The misfire is detected by the luminance detector, and the propane gas supply is stopped instantaneously.
  • the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 (orifice 21, grid) is provided immediately upstream of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16. 22 and a packed bed 23) were installed, and an experiment was conducted in which the distance L from the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 was changed.
  • the orifice 21 was a ring-shaped ceramic plate having a hole with an inner diameter of 120 mm. Thereby, the flow path cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 11 is temporarily halved, and the pressure loss increases.
  • the lattice 22 was made of ceramic and had 8 lattices in both length and width. Thereby, the flow path cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 11 is temporarily halved.
  • the packed bed 23 was used by sintering 5 layers of ceramic particles having a diameter of 1/10 of the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the fuel gas is changed to a blast furnace gas (calorific value 760 kcal / Nm 3 ), the temperature adjusting gas 17 is also changed to a blast furnace gas, and the oxygen-containing gas is used as it is. I did it.
  • the tubular flame burner 10A based on Embodiment 2 of the present invention when the distance L was three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the temperature adjusting gas (air) was mixed and misfired at the same time. Further, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, and 5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, the maximum combustion was 5 minutes, 20 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively. On the other hand, when the distance L is 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
  • the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E according to the second embodiment of the present invention, when the distance L is three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, continuous combustion was performed for a maximum of 60 minutes. In addition, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, 5 times, and 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)

Abstract

This tubular flame burner has a tubular combustion chamber having one open end, and is provided at the closed end side of the combustion chamber with a nozzle that blows in a fuel gas and a nozzle that blows in an oxygen-containing gas facing in the direction of the tangent line of the inner wall surface thereof. The open end side of the combustion chamber is provided with a nozzle that blows in a gas for adjusting the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas, and is provided with a backflow prevention means for preventing the gas for adjusting temperature blown in from the nozzle for blowing in the gas for adjusting temperature from backflowing towards the nozzle for blowing in the fuel gas.

Description

管状火炎バーナーTubular flame burner
　本発明は、管状火炎バーナーに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a tubular flame burner.
　図１に示すように、管状火炎バーナー１０は、一端が開放された管状の燃焼室１１を有し、この燃焼室１１の閉塞端側に燃料ガスを吹き込むノズル１２と酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズル１３がその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられていて、燃焼室１１内に管状火炎１４を形成するバーナーであり、燃焼設備の小型化と、燃焼条件によっては増加するＮＯｘなどの有害物質、炭化水素などの未燃焼分、煤煙等の環境汚染源を低減することができる画期的なバーナーである（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。 As shown in FIG. 1, the tubular flame burner 10 has a tubular combustion chamber 11 having one end opened, and a nozzle 12 for blowing fuel gas to a closed end side of the combustion chamber 11 and a nozzle 13 for blowing oxygen-containing gas. Is a burner that forms a tubular flame 14 in the combustion chamber 11 in a direction tangential to the inner wall surface. The burner is downsized, and harmful substances such as NOx that increase depending on combustion conditions, carbonization It is an epoch-making burner that can reduce unburned components such as hydrogen and environmental pollution sources such as soot (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
特開平１１－２８１０１５号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-281015 特開２０１２－０９７９１８号公報JP 2012-097918 A
　このような管状火炎バーナーを熱風発生装置等として使用する場合には、燃焼排ガスを所望の温度に調整する必要があるが、上記の特許文献１には燃焼排ガスの温度調整方法については示されていない。 When such a tubular flame burner is used as a hot air generator or the like, it is necessary to adjust the combustion exhaust gas to a desired temperature. However, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for adjusting the temperature of combustion exhaust gas. Absent.
　これに対して、特許文献２には、燃焼室の開放端側に燃焼排ガスの温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルを設けて、そのノズルから吹き込まれた温度調整用ガスによって燃焼排ガスの温度調整を行なうことが記載されている。
　　しかしながら、後述する［発明を実施するための形態］の欄で詳説するように、特許文献２に記載された技術では、失火（燃焼停止）する場合があった。 On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, a nozzle for injecting a temperature adjustment gas for combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is adjusted by the temperature adjustment gas blown from the nozzle. It is described.
However, as described in detail in the section “DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION” described later, the technique described in Patent Document 2 sometimes misfires (stops combustion).
　本発明は、上記のような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、管状火炎バーナーを熱風発生装置等として使用する場合に対応して、燃焼排ガスの温度を適切に調整することができ、安定した燃焼の継続が可能な、管状火炎バーナーを提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted appropriately and stably in response to the use of a tubular flame burner as a hot air generator or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a tubular flame burner capable of continuing combustion.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下の特徴を有する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following features.
　［１］一端が開放された管状の燃焼室を有し、この燃焼室閉塞端側に、燃料ガスを吹き込むノズルと酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズルがその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられている管状火炎バーナーであって、
その燃焼室開放端側に燃焼排ガスの温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルが設けられているとともに、該温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルから吹き込まれた温度調整用ガスが前記燃料ガス吹き込みノズル側に逆流することを防止する逆流防止手段が設けられている管状火炎バーナー。
　［２］前記逆流防止手段は、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルからの温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向を、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から１０°～６０°下流側に傾斜させるものである前記［１］に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 [1] It has a tubular combustion chamber with one end open, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface. A tubular flame burner,
A nozzle for injecting a temperature adjustment gas for combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the temperature adjustment gas blown from the nozzle for injecting the temperature adjustment gas flows backward to the fuel gas injection nozzle side. A tubular flame burner provided with a backflow prevention means for preventing this.
[2] The backflow prevention means inclines the blowing direction of the temperature adjusting gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjusting gas 10 ° to 60 ° downstream from the plane orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber. The tubular flame burner according to the above [1].
　［３］前記逆流防止手段は、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルの上流側に配置された乱流生成機構である前記［１］に記載の管状火炎バーナー。
　［４］前記乱流生成機構は、オリフィス、格子、充填層のいずれかである前記［３］に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 [3] The tubular flame burner according to [1], wherein the backflow prevention means is a turbulent flow generation mechanism disposed upstream of a nozzle that blows in a temperature adjusting gas.
[4] The tubular flame burner according to [3], wherein the turbulent flow generation mechanism is any one of an orifice, a lattice, and a packed bed.
［５］前記温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズルは、燃焼室の内径Ｄの２．５～３．５倍の距離、燃料ガス吹き込みノズルから離れている［１］に記載の管状火炎バーナー。
［６］前記温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズルは、燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５～６倍の距離、燃料ガス吹き込みノズルから離れている請求項１に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 [5] The tubular flame burner according to [1], wherein the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle is separated from the fuel gas blowing nozzle by a distance 2.5 to 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber.
[6] The tubular flame burner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle is separated from the fuel gas blowing nozzle by a distance 3.5 to 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber.
［７］　一端が開放された管状の燃焼室を有し、この燃焼室閉塞端側に、燃料ガスを吹き込むノズルと酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズルがその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられている管状火炎バーナーであって、
その燃焼室開放端側に燃焼排ガスの温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルが設けられており、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルからの温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向が、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から１０°～６０°下流側に傾斜している管状火炎バーナー。
［８］前記温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向が、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から２５°～６０°下流側に傾斜している［７］に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 [7] A tubular combustion chamber having one end opened is provided, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface. A tubular flame burner,
A nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas of the combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the blowing direction of the temperature adjustment gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas is orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber A tubular flame burner that is inclined 10 ° to 60 ° downstream from the surface to be moved.
[8] The tubular flame burner according to [7], wherein the blowing direction of the temperature adjusting gas is inclined 25 ° to 60 ° downstream from a plane orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber.
　本発明においては、管状火炎バーナーを熱風発生装置等として使用する場合に対応して、燃焼排ガスの温度を適切に調整することができ、安定した燃焼の継続が可能な、管状火炎バーナーとなっている。 In the present invention, in response to the use of a tubular flame burner as a hot air generator or the like, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted appropriately, and a tubular flame burner capable of continuing stable combustion is obtained. Yes.
従来の管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the conventional tubular flame burner. 本発明の実施形態において基礎とした管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tubular flame burner based on the embodiment of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーでの温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置位置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation position in the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例での温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置位置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation position in another example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例での温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置位置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation position in another example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the other example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナーの他の例での温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置位置の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of the temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation position in another example of the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーでの温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置状態を示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which shows the gas blowing nozzle for temperature adjustment installation state in the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of this invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーでの他の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置状態を示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view showing another temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation state in the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナーでの他の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル設置状態を示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view showing another temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle installation state in the tubular flame burner in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. 管状火炎バーナーの性能を確認するための燃焼試験装置を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the combustion test apparatus for confirming the performance of a tubular flame burner.
　本発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、特許文献１に記載された従来の管状火炎バーナーを示す図である。そして、図２は、本発明の一実施形態において基礎とした温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズルを有する管状火炎バーナー１０Ａを示すものであり、前述した特許文献２に記載の管状火炎バーナーに対応している。 FIG. 1 is a view showing a conventional tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 1. FIG. FIG. 2 shows a tubular flame burner 10A having a temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle based on one embodiment of the present invention, and corresponds to the tubular flame burner described in Patent Document 2 described above. .
　図２の管状火炎バーナー１０Ａは、図１に示した従来の管状火炎バーナー１０のように、一端が開放された管状の燃焼室１１を有し、この燃焼室１１の閉塞端側に、燃料ガスを吹き込むノズル（燃料ガス吹き込みノズル）１２と酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズル（酸素含有ガス吹き込みノズル）１３がその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられ、燃焼室１１内に管状火炎１４を形成する。さらに、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２と酸素含有ガス吹き込みノズル１３に加えて、燃焼室１１の開放端側に燃焼排ガス１９の温度を調整するための温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むノズル（温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル）１６が燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられている。 A tubular flame burner 10A shown in FIG. 2 has a tubular combustion chamber 11 having one end opened like the conventional tubular flame burner 10 shown in FIG. 1, and a fuel gas is provided on the closed end side of the combustion chamber 11. A nozzle (fuel gas blowing nozzle) 12 for blowing gas and a nozzle (oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle) 13 for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface thereof, and a tubular flame 14 is formed in the combustion chamber 11. Further, in addition to the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 and the oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle 13, a nozzle for blowing a temperature adjusting gas 17 for adjusting the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 on the open end side of the combustion chamber 11 (temperature adjusting gas blowing) Nozzle) 16 is provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11.
　この管状火炎バーナー１０Ａは、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込んで混合させることにより、燃焼排ガス１９の温度を調整することができる。 The tubular flame burner 10A can adjust the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 by blowing and mixing the temperature adjusting gas 17 from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16.
　しかしながら、この管状火炎バーナー１０Ａでは、低温（例えば常温）の温度調整用ガス１７を一定量以上吹き込んだ場合、失火（燃焼停止）してしまうことがあった。さらに、燃料ガスの発熱量が低く管状火炎１４の長さが長い場合は、より少量の温度調整用ガス１７で失火が観測された。 However, in this tubular flame burner 10A, when a low temperature (for example, normal temperature) temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown in a certain amount or more, a misfire (combustion stop) may occur. Further, when the calorific value of the fuel gas was low and the length of the tubular flame 14 was long, misfiring was observed with a smaller amount of the temperature adjusting gas 17.
　そこで、本発明者らは、その失火の原因について、燃焼試験装置を用いた燃焼試験や数値シミュレーションなどによって検討を行った。その結果、この失火は以下のメカニズムで生じることが明らかになった。 Therefore, the present inventors examined the cause of the misfire by a combustion test using a combustion test apparatus or a numerical simulation. As a result, it became clear that this misfire occurred by the following mechanism.
　（ａ）完全燃焼前における温度調整用ガスの混合による燃焼停止
　特許文献１に記載されている従来の管状火炎バーナー１０では、燃焼室１１の長さは燃焼室１１の直径Ｄに対して必ずしも長い必要は無いが、それは温度調整用ガス１７の混合が無い場合に限られる。温度調整用ガス１７の混合がなければ、一度着火した燃料ガスは消えることなく燃焼を完了することができるからである。物質が燃焼するためには、燃料、酸素、ガス温度の３つが不可欠であるが、この管状火炎バーナー１０Ａにおいて、温度調整用ガス１７として常温のガスを管状火炎１４に混合させると、管状火炎１４の温度が急激に低下し失火してしまう。なお、温度調整用ガス１７として、常温の可燃性ガス、空気、不活性ガス（アルゴン）の３種類を使用したが、いずれも失火しており、管状火炎１４の温度低下が最大の原因であることが確認された。 (A) Combustion stop by mixing temperature adjusting gas before complete combustion In the conventional tubular flame burner 10 described in Patent Document 1, the length of the combustion chamber 11 is not necessarily longer than the diameter D of the combustion chamber 11. It is not necessary, but it is only when there is no mixing of the temperature adjusting gas 17. This is because if there is no mixing of the temperature adjusting gas 17, the fuel gas that has been ignited once can complete the combustion without disappearing. In order for the substance to burn, three of fuel, oxygen, and gas temperature are indispensable. In this tubular flame burner 10A, when normal temperature gas is mixed as the temperature adjusting gas 17 into the tubular flame 14, the tubular flame 14 is used. The temperature of the water drops rapidly and misfires. In addition, although three types of combustible gas of normal temperature, air, and inert gas (argon) were used as the temperature adjustment gas 17, all are misfired, and the temperature drop of the tubular flame 14 is the biggest cause. It was confirmed.
　（ｂ）温度調整用ガスの上流への逆流
　従来の考え方からすると、この管状火炎バーナー１０Ａでは、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて吹き込まれた温度調整用ガス１７は、その吹き込まれた位置から下流側にしか供給されず、上流側の管状火炎１４に影響する（燃焼していた管状火炎１４を消す）とは考えられなかった。しかしながら、実際には、温度調整用ガス１７の吹き込みによって、吹き込み位置および下流側の管状火炎１４の径の縮小だけでなく、上流側の管状火炎１４の径も縮小される現象が燃焼試験で観察された。さらに、数値シミュレーションの結果、たとえ管状火炎１４の排ガス（燃焼排ガス）１９が下流に向かって流れていても、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から吹き込まれた後の温度調整用ガス１７がその吹き込み位置から同心円状に拡散しようとして、図２に示すように、短距離ではあるが、温度調整用ガス１７の一部１８が燃焼室１１の内壁面に沿って上流側に遡る（逆流する）ことが分かった。 (B) Backflow of temperature adjusting gas upstream According to the conventional concept, in this tubular flame burner 10A, the temperature adjustment blown from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11 The working gas 17 was supplied only to the downstream side from the position where the gas was blown, and it was not considered to affect the upstream tubular flame 14 (extinguish the burning tubular flame 14). However, in practice, not only the blowing position and the diameter of the downstream tubular flame 14 are reduced by the blowing of the temperature adjusting gas 17 but also the diameter of the upstream tubular flame 14 is reduced in the combustion test. It was done. Furthermore, as a result of the numerical simulation, even if the exhaust gas (combustion exhaust gas) 19 of the tubular flame 14 flows downstream, the temperature adjusting gas 17 after being blown from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is in its blowing position. As shown in FIG. 2, a part 18 of the temperature adjustment gas 17 may go back upstream (backflow) along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11, although it is a short distance, trying to diffuse concentrically from I understood.
　本発明者らは、以上の結果から、以下の結論が得られた。
失火を的確に防止しつつ、温度調整用ガス１７を混合するには、管状火炎１４を形成するガスである燃料ガスおよび酸素含有ガスが燃焼を完了した後の位置に、温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込み、かつ、温度調整用ガス１７が燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２側に逆流することを防止する必要がある。具体的には、管状火炎１４が形成される位置より下流に、温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込み、かつ、温度調整用ガス１７が燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２側に逆流することを防止する必要がある。 The present inventors obtained the following conclusions from the above results.
In order to mix the temperature adjusting gas 17 while accurately preventing misfiring, the temperature adjusting gas 17 is placed at a position after the combustion of the fuel gas and the oxygen-containing gas that form the tubular flame 14 is completed. It is necessary to prevent the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing back to the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 side. Specifically, it is necessary to blow the temperature adjusting gas 17 downstream from the position where the tubular flame 14 is formed, and to prevent the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing backward to the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 side.
　そして、逆流の防止を実現するものとして、以下に述べる本発明の実施形態（実施形態１、実施形態２）における管状火炎バーナーを想到した。 And as a thing which implement | achieves prevention of a backflow, the tubular flame burner in embodiment (Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2) of this invention described below was conceived.
　実施形態１
　図３は、本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂを示すものであり、図４は、その管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂにおける温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置状態を示す横断面図である。 Embodiment 1
FIG. 3 shows the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an installation state of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B.
　この実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂでは、図２に示したような、温度調整用ガス１７の一部１８が上流側に逆流するのを防止するようにしている。 In the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment, a part 18 of the temperature adjusting gas 17 as shown in FIG. 2 is prevented from flowing back upstream.
　すなわち、図３に示すように、温度調整用ガス１７が、管状の燃焼室１１の管軸に直交する方向から所定の角度θだけ下流側に傾斜した方向に向かって吹き込まれるように、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６を角度θだけ傾斜させて取り付けている。具体的には、角度θを１０°～６０°としている（１０°≦θ≦６０°）。角度θは、２５°～６０°であるのが好ましい。 That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature adjustment gas 17 is blown in a direction inclined by a predetermined angle θ from the direction orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber 11 toward the downstream side. The gas blowing nozzle 16 is attached to be inclined by an angle θ. Specifically, the angle θ is set to 10 ° to 60 ° (10 ° ≦ θ ≦ 60 °). The angle θ is preferably 25 ° to 60 °.
　ちなみに、数値シミュレーションにより、角度θが１０°以上では温度調整用ガス１７の逆流が減少し、角度θが４５°で温度調整用ガス１７の逆流が殆ど消滅することが確認されている。また、角度θを６０°以下にすれば、燃焼室１１との干渉が少なく製作が非常に容易になる。 Incidentally, it has been confirmed by numerical simulation that when the angle θ is 10 ° or more, the backflow of the temperature adjusting gas 17 decreases, and when the angle θ is 45 °, the backflow of the temperature adjusting gas 17 almost disappears. If the angle θ is set to 60 ° or less, the interference with the combustion chamber 11 is reduced and the manufacture becomes very easy.
　なお、温度調整用ガス１７が角度θだけ下流側に傾斜した方向に向かって吹き込まれるようにするためには、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６を角度θだけ傾斜させて取り付ける以外に、調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の内部に温度調整用ガス１７の流れを角度θだけ傾斜させる機構（例えば整流板２５）を設けることでもよい。 In order to blow the temperature adjusting gas 17 in the direction inclined by the angle θ toward the downstream side, the adjusting gas is used in addition to the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 being inclined by the angle θ. A mechanism (for example, a rectifying plate 25) for inclining the flow of the temperature adjusting gas 17 by an angle θ may be provided inside the blowing nozzle 16.
　このようにして、この実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂは、温度調整用ガス１７の吹き込み角度を所定の角度θ（１０°≦θ≦６０°）だけ下流側に傾斜させることによって、温度調整用ガス１７の逆流を防止し、その結果、燃焼室１１の長さを短くしたままで、失火を的確に防止しつつ、燃焼排ガス１９の温度を適切に調整することができる。 In this manner, the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment is used for temperature adjustment by inclining the blowing angle of the temperature adjusting gas 17 to the downstream side by a predetermined angle θ (10 ° ≦ θ ≦ 60 °). The backflow of the gas 17 is prevented, and as a result, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 can be adjusted appropriately while accurately preventing misfire while keeping the length of the combustion chamber 11 short.
　なお、この管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂでは、図４に温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置の横断面図を示したように、１本の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むようになっているが、他の設置状態をとることも可能である。 In this tubular flame burner 10B, as shown in a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in FIG. 4, the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 extends from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11. The temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown in the tangential direction, but other installation states are possible.
　例えば、図５に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ１の如く、図６にその管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ１における温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置の横断面図を示すように、複数本（図６では３本）の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガスを１７吹き込むようにしてもよい。 For example, like the tubular flame burner 10B 1 shown in FIG. 5, as shown in a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B 1, there are a plurality (three in FIG. 6). The temperature adjusting gas may be blown 17 times from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the direction of tangential to the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11.
　また、必ずしも燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガスを吹き込むようにしなくてもよく、図７に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ２の如く、図８にその管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ２における温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置の横断面図を示すように、所定の本数（図８では３本）の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の中心部に向けて温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むようにしてもよい。 Further, it is not necessarily so as blowing temperature regulating gas toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11, as the tubular flame burner 10B 2 shown in FIG. 7, in the tubular flame burner 10B 2 in FIG. 8 As shown in a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjustment gas injection nozzles 16, the temperature adjustment gas injection nozzles 16 of a predetermined number (three in FIG. 8) are used to adjust the temperature toward the center of the combustion chamber 11. Gas 17 may be blown in.
　さらに、図９に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ３の如く、図１０にその管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ３における温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置の横断面図を示すように、燃焼室１１の内径を管状火炎１４の先端部近傍で一端縮小し、その縮小した位置で所定の本数（図１０では３本）の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の中心部に向けて温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むようにしてもよい。 Further, like the tubular flame burner 10B 3 shown in FIG. 9, the inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is tubular as shown in FIG. 10 as a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in the tubular flame burner 10B 3 . One end of the flame 14 is reduced in the vicinity of the tip, and a predetermined number (three in FIG. 10) of temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 is supplied to the center of the combustion chamber 11 at the reduced position. You may make it blow.
　なお、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の形状は、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ（図３、図４）のように、矩形断面ノズル（スリットノズル）であってもよいし、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ１（図５、図６）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ２（図７、図８）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ３（図９、図１０）のように、円形断面ノズルであってもよい。 The shape of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 may be a rectangular cross-section nozzle (slit nozzle) as in the tubular flame burner 10B (FIGS. 3 and 4), or the tubular flame burner 10B 1 (FIG. 5). 6), a tubular flame burner 10B 2 (FIGS. 7 and 8), and a tubular flame burner 10B 3 (FIGS. 9 and 10) may be a circular cross-section nozzle.
　要するに、温度調整用ガスの所望の流量・流速が得られるように、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の形状と寸法と本数を定めればよい。 In short, the shape, size, and number of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 may be determined so that the desired flow rate and flow velocity of the temperature adjusting gas can be obtained.
　実施形態２
　図１１、図１２、図１３は、それぞれ本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅを示すものである。 Embodiment 2
FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 show tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E, respectively, according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
　この実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅでは、管状火炎１４の燃焼を積極的に加速して、燃焼が完了する位置を、自然に燃焼が完了する位置から上流側に移動させ、その下流側に温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６を設置するようにしている。 The tubular flame burner 10C in this embodiment 2, 10D, the 10E, accelerating actively combustion tubular flame 14, the combustion is complete position, is moved to the upstream side from naturally combustion is completed position, the A temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is installed on the downstream side.
　すなわち、管状火炎１４の下流側でかつ温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の上流側に乱流生成機構２０を設置して、管状火炎１４の温度を温度調整用ガス１７の逆流により低下させること無く、高温のまま酸素と燃料ガスの混合・燃焼を加速して強制的に燃焼を完了させるようにしている。 That is, the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 is installed on the downstream side of the tubular flame 14 and the upstream side of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 without lowering the temperature of the tubular flame 14 by the back flow of the temperature adjusting gas 17. The mixing and combustion of oxygen and fuel gas is accelerated at a high temperature to forcibly complete the combustion.
　具体的には、図１１に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃでは、乱流生成機構２０として、オリフィス２１を設置している。また、図１２に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｄでは、乱流生成機構２０として、格子（メッシュ）２２を設置している。また、図１３に示す管状火炎バーナー１０Ｅでは、乱流生成機構２０として、充填層２３（例えば、球状セラミックを焼結させた物）を設置している。 Specifically, in the tubular flame burner 10 </ b> C shown in FIG. 11, an orifice 21 is installed as the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20. In the tubular flame burner 10 </ b> D shown in FIG. 12, a lattice (mesh) 22 is installed as the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20. Moreover, in the tubular flame burner 10E shown in FIG. 13, the packed bed 23 (for example, the thing which sintered spherical ceramics) is installed as the turbulent flow production | generation mechanism 20. As shown in FIG.
　なお、この乱流生成機構２０の設置により、温度調整用ガス１７が燃焼室１１の内壁面に沿って上流側に逆流することが阻止され、管状火炎１４の安定性を損なわせない効果もある。 The installation of the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 prevents the temperature adjusting gas 17 from flowing back upstream along the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11, and has the effect of not impairing the stability of the tubular flame 14. .
　このようにして、この実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅは、管状火炎１４の下流側に乱流生成機構２０を設置することによって、燃焼室１１の長さを短くしたままで、失火を的確に防止しつつ、燃焼排ガス１９の温度を適切に調整することができる。 In this way, the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in the second embodiment have the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 installed on the downstream side of the tubular flame 14, thereby reducing the length of the combustion chamber 11. It is possible to appropriately adjust the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas 19 while accurately preventing misfire.
　なお、この実施形態２（図１１～図１３）においては、図１４に温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置の横断面図を示すように、１本の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むようになっているが、他の設置状態をとることも可能である。 In the second embodiment (FIGS. 11 to 13), combustion is performed from one temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 as shown in a cross-sectional view of the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 in FIG. Although the temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the chamber 11, other installation states are possible.
　例えば、図１５に横断面図を示すように、複数本（図１５では３本）の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガスを１７吹き込むようにしてもよい。また、必ずしも燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向けて温度調整用ガスを吹き込むようにしなくてもよく、例えば、同じく図１６に横断面図を示すように、所定の本数（図１６では３本）の温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６から燃焼室１１の中心部に向けて温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込むようにしてもよい。 For example, as shown in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 15, 17 temperature adjusting gases are blown from a plurality of (three in FIG. 15) temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11. You may do it. Further, it is not always necessary to blow the temperature adjusting gas toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11. For example, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. The temperature adjusting gas 17 may be blown from the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 toward the center of the combustion chamber 11.
　なお、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の形状は、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ（図１１、図１４）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｄ（図１２、図１４）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｅ（図１３、図１４）のように、矩形断面ノズル（スリットノズル）であってもよいし、図１５、図１６のように、円形断面ノズルであってもよい。 The temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is shaped like a tubular flame burner 10C (FIGS. 11 and 14), a tubular flame burner 10D (FIGS. 12 and 14), and a tubular flame burner 10E (FIGS. 13 and 14). Alternatively, it may be a rectangular cross-section nozzle (slit nozzle) or a circular cross-section nozzle as shown in FIGS.
　要するに、温度調整用ガスの所望の流量・流速が得られるように、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の形状と寸法と本数を定めればよい。 In short, the shape, size, and number of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzles 16 may be determined so that the desired flow rate and flow velocity of the temperature adjusting gas can be obtained.
　そして、本発明においては、使用する燃料ガスに特に限定を加えるものではないが、図２に示したようにして温度調整用ガス１７の吹き込みを行うと失火する可能性が高い低発熱量ガスを燃料ガスとして用いる際に、その効果が大きい。前記低発熱量ガスは、例えば、高炉ガス（ＢＦＧ）、ＣＤＱガス、可燃成分を少量含む排ガス等のような発熱量が６００～９００ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３、特に６００～８００ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３の低発熱量ガスである。 In the present invention, the fuel gas to be used is not particularly limited. However, a low calorific value gas that has a high possibility of misfire when the temperature adjusting gas 17 is blown as shown in FIG. The effect is great when used as a fuel gas. The low calorific value gas is a low calorific value gas having a calorific value of 600 to 900 kcal / Nm 3 , particularly 600 to 800 kcal / Nm 3 , such as blast furnace gas (BFG), CDQ gas, exhaust gas containing a small amount of combustible components, etc. It is.
　また、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６を設置する位置については、管状火炎１４を形成するガス（燃料ガスおよび酸素含有ガス）が燃焼を完了した後の位置が良い。この位置は、燃料ガスの発熱量や燃焼室内でのガス流速によって変わる。 Also, the position where the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is installed is preferably a position after the gas (fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas) forming the tubular flame 14 is combusted. This position varies depending on the calorific value of the fuel gas and the gas flow rate in the combustion chamber.
　例えば、比較的発熱量が高いガスを燃料ガスとして用いた場合は、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置と温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置との距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの２．５～３．５倍となる位置とするのが好ましく、２．５～３．０倍となる位置が燃焼室１１の長さ（バーナー長）をより短くできるのでより好ましい。 For example, when a gas having a relatively high calorific value is used as the fuel gas, the distance L between the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 and the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is 2 of the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11. The position is preferably from 5 to 3.5 times, and more preferably from 2.5 to 3.0 times because the length (burner length) of the combustion chamber 11 can be further shortened.
　一方、発熱量が８００ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３以下の低発熱量ガスを燃料ガスとして用いた場合は、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置と温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置との距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３．５～６倍となる位置とするのが好ましく、４．０～５．０倍となる位置が燃焼室１１の長さ（バーナー長）をより短くできるのでより好ましい。 On the other hand, when a low calorific value gas having a calorific value of 800 kcal / Nm 3 or less is used as the fuel gas, the distance L between the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 and the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is the combustion chamber. The position is preferably 3.5 to 6 times the inner diameter D of 11, and is more preferably 4.0 to 5.0 times because the length (burner length) of the combustion chamber 11 can be further shortened.
　このように、燃料ガスの発熱量によって、必要な燃焼室１１の長さ（管状火炎燃焼帯長さ）は変わるが、いずれの場合でも、本発明によって燃焼室１１の長さを短くすることが容易になる。 As described above, the required length of the combustion chamber 11 (tubular flame combustion zone length) varies depending on the calorific value of the fuel gas, but in any case, the length of the combustion chamber 11 can be shortened by the present invention. It becomes easy.
　また、温度調整用ガスについては、燃焼排ガスを所望の温度に調整できるように温度調整用ガスの温度と供給量を設定すればよい。例えば、燃焼排ガスを高炉に予熱ガスとして吹き込む場合、予熱ガスの温度は５００℃以上、好ましくは８００℃以上が望ましいので、このような予熱ガス温度になるように温度調整用ガスの温度と供給量を設定すればよい。その際に、温度調整用ガスに予熱ガスの組成調整という役割も持たせたい場合には、温度調整用ガスとしてＣＯ、Ｈ２などの還元ガスを含むものが好ましい。例えば、高炉ガス、転炉ガス、コークス炉ガス等の１種以上を用いることができ、特に、高炉ガスの一部を抜き出して温度調整用ガスとして用いることが好ましい。
　実施例１ For the temperature adjustment gas, the temperature and supply amount of the temperature adjustment gas may be set so that the combustion exhaust gas can be adjusted to a desired temperature. For example, when the combustion exhaust gas is blown into the blast furnace as the preheating gas, the temperature of the preheating gas is preferably 500 ° C. or higher, and preferably 800 ° C. or higher. Should be set. At that time, when it is desired to give the temperature adjusting gas the role of adjusting the composition of the preheating gas, the temperature adjusting gas preferably contains a reducing gas such as CO or H 2 . For example, one or more of blast furnace gas, converter gas, coke oven gas, and the like can be used. In particular, it is preferable to extract a part of the blast furnace gas and use it as a temperature adjusting gas.
Example 1
　本発明の実施例１として、図１７に示す燃焼試験装置３０を用いて、上述した本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂの性能の確認を行った。 As Example 1 of the present invention, the performance of the tubular flame burner 10B according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention described above was confirmed using the combustion test apparatus 30 shown in FIG.
　その際に、炉体３１に取り付けられた管状火炎バーナー１０の燃料ガスとしてはＬＰＧ（プロパンガス）を窒素により１０倍に希釈した希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス、発熱量２４００ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３）を使用し、酸素含有ガスとしては空気を使用した。そして、それぞれ燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向かって吹き込まれる燃料ガスの速度と空気の速度が、燃焼室１１内で混合した後のガス速度の約９倍になるように、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２と酸素含有ガス吹き込みノズル１３のサイズを調整した。 At that time, diluted LPG (diluted propane gas, calorific value 2400 kcal / Nm 3 ) obtained by diluting LPG (propane gas) 10 times with nitrogen is used as the fuel gas of the tubular flame burner 10 attached to the furnace body 31. Air was used as the oxygen-containing gas. Then, the fuel gas is blown so that the velocity of the fuel gas blown toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11 and the velocity of the air are about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing in the combustion chamber 11. The sizes of the nozzle 12 and the oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle 13 were adjusted.
　また、温度調整用ガス１７としては、窒素で１０倍に希釈した希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス）、窒素、空気の３種類を用い、その吹き込み量は燃焼排ガス量と同じとし、吹き込み速度は燃焼室１１内で混合した後のガス速度の約９倍になるように、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６のサイズを調整した。 Further, as the temperature adjusting gas 17, three types of diluted LPG (diluted propane gas) diluted with nitrogen 10 times, nitrogen, and air are used, and the amount of blowing is the same as the amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the blowing speed is the combustion chamber. The size of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 was adjusted so as to be about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing in No. 11.
　なお、燃焼室１１の内径は約２００ｍｍであり、温度調整用ガスの吹き込み位置の影響を調査するため、管状火炎バーナー１０の全長は３ｍとなっている。 The inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is about 200 mm, and the total length of the tubular flame burner 10 is 3 m in order to investigate the influence of the temperature adjustment gas blowing position.
　そして、温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込まない場合は、燃焼排ガスの温度が２０００℃近くなることから、炉体３１からの燃焼排ガスを散水装置３２によって冷却した後に煙突３３より排出することとした。また、炉体３１全体は耐火物で覆い、上部屋根部分と散水装置３２までの配管は水冷構造とした。管状火炎バーナー１０の後端には、覗き眼鏡、点火プラグ、輝度検知器が設置されており、失火は輝度検知器より検知され、瞬時にプロパンガス供給が停止される機構となっている。 When the temperature adjusting gas 17 is not blown, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is close to 2000 ° C., so the combustion exhaust gas from the furnace body 31 is cooled by the watering device 32 and then discharged from the chimney 33. Further, the entire furnace body 31 was covered with a refractory, and the piping to the upper roof portion and the sprinkler 32 was water-cooled. At the rear end of the tubular flame burner 10, a peeping eyeglass, a spark plug, and a luminance detector are installed. The misfire is detected by the luminance detector, and the propane gas supply is stopped instantaneously.
　以下に、それぞれの管状火炎バーナーの性能を調査、確認した結果を述べる。なお、温度調整用ガス１７として、希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス）、窒素、空気のいずれを用いた場合も結果は同じであったので、ここでは、温度調整用ガス１７として空気を用いた場合について述べる。 The following describes the results of investigation and confirmation of the performance of each tubular flame burner. The results were the same when any one of diluted LPG (diluted propane gas), nitrogen, and air was used as the temperature adjusting gas 17, and here, the case where air was used as the temperature adjusting gas 17. State.
　まず、本発明の実施形態１の基礎とした管状火炎バーナー１０Ａの性能を確認するために、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置から温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置までの距離Ｌを変更する実験を行った。 First, in order to confirm the performance of the tubular flame burner 10A on which the first embodiment of the present invention is based, the distance L from the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 is changed. The experiment was conducted.
　その結果、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの２．５倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合すると同時に失火した。温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合した状態では点火プラグによる点火もできなかった。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を吹き込むと、燃焼はするものの最長でも２０分しか連続燃焼せず、失火に伴う再点火が不可欠であった。一方、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３．５倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を吹き込んでも連続的に燃焼し、少なくとも６０分の安定燃焼が確認できた。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの４倍以上の場合も６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 As a result, when the distance L was 2.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the temperature adjusting gas (air) was mixed and misfired simultaneously. When the temperature adjusting gas (air) was mixed, ignition with a spark plug could not be performed. When the distance L is three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, when the temperature adjusting gas (air) is blown in, the combustion occurs but the continuous combustion only takes 20 minutes at the longest, and reignition due to misfire is indispensable. there were. On the other hand, when the distance L is 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, even if the temperature adjusting gas (air) is blown, it is continuously burned and stable combustion can be confirmed for at least 60 minutes. Further, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed even when the distance L was 4 times or more the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
　これに対して、上述した本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂの性能を確認するために、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の傾斜角度θを３０°にして取り付け、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置から温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置までの距離Ｌを変更する実験を行った。なお、その際、温度調整用ガス１７の整流効果を上げるために、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の内部に４枚の整流板２５を設置した。 On the other hand, in order to confirm the performance of the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the inclination angle θ of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 is set to 30 °, and the fuel gas blowing nozzle 12 An experiment was conducted to change the distance L from the installation position to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16. At that time, in order to increase the rectifying effect of the temperature adjusting gas 17, four rectifying plates 25 were installed inside the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16.
　その結果、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの２．５倍、３．５倍のいずれの場合も、６０分以上の安定燃焼を確認することができた。 As a result, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more could be confirmed when the distance L was 2.5 times or 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
　次に、燃料ガスを高炉ガス（発熱量７６０ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３）に変更するとともに、温度調整用ガス１７も高炉ガスに変更し、酸素含有ガスはそのまま空気を使用して、上記と同様の実験を行なった。 Next, the fuel gas is changed to a blast furnace gas (calorific value 760 kcal / Nm 3 ), the temperature adjusting gas 17 is also changed to a blast furnace gas, and the oxygen-containing gas is used as it is. I did it.
　その結果、本発明の実施形態１の基礎とした管状火炎バーナー１０Ａでは、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合すると同時に失火した。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５倍、４倍、５倍の場合は、それぞれ最長で５分、２０分、６０分の連続燃焼であった。一方、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの６倍の場合は、６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 As a result, in the tubular flame burner 10A based on Embodiment 1 of the present invention, when the distance L was three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the temperature adjustment gas (air) was mixed and misfired at the same time. Further, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, and 5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, the maximum combustion was 5 minutes, 20 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively. On the other hand, when the distance L is 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
　これに対して、本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂでは、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、最長で６０分の連続燃焼であった。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５倍、４倍、５倍、６倍の場合は、いずれも６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 On the other hand, in the tubular flame burner 10B according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, when the distance L was three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, continuous combustion was possible for a maximum of 60 minutes. In addition, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, 5 times, and 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
　なお、本発明の実施形態１における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂの他の例である管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ１（図５、図６）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ２（図７、図８）、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂ３（図９、図１０）についても、上記の管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂに対する実験と同様の実験を行なったところ、いずれも管状火炎バーナー１０Ｂと同様の結果が得られた。 Incidentally, another example of the tubular flame burner 10B according to the first embodiment of the present invention the tubular flame burner 10B 1 (FIG. 5, FIG. 6), the tubular flame burner 10B 2 (FIGS. 7 and 8), the tubular flame burner 10B 3 Also for (FIGS. 9 and 10), the same experiment as the above-described tubular flame burner 10B was performed. As a result, the same results as the tubular flame burner 10B were obtained.
　このようにして、本発明の有効性を明らかにすることができた。
　実施例２ In this way, the effectiveness of the present invention could be clarified.
Example 2
　本発明の実施例２として、図１７に示す燃焼試験装置３０を用いて、上述した本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅの性能の確認を行った。 As Example 2 of the present invention, the performance of the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in Embodiment 2 of the present invention described above was confirmed using the combustion test apparatus 30 shown in FIG.
　その際に、炉体３１に取り付けられた管状火炎バーナー１０の燃料ガスとしてはＬＰＧ（プロパンガス）を窒素により１０倍に希釈した希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス、発熱量２４００ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３）を使用し、酸素含有ガスとしては空気を使用した。そして、それぞれ燃焼室１１の内壁面の接線方向に向かって吹き込まれる燃料ガスの速度と空気の速度が、燃焼室１１内で混合した後のガス速度の約９倍になるように、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２と酸素含有ガス吹き込みノズル１３のサイズを調整した。 At that time, diluted LPG (diluted propane gas, calorific value 2400 kcal / Nm 3 ) obtained by diluting LPG (propane gas) 10 times with nitrogen is used as the fuel gas of the tubular flame burner 10 attached to the furnace body 31. Air was used as the oxygen-containing gas. Then, the fuel gas is blown so that the speed of the fuel gas blown in the tangential direction of the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber 11 and the speed of the air are about 9 times the gas speed after mixing in the combustion chamber 11. The sizes of the nozzle 12 and the oxygen-containing gas blowing nozzle 13 were adjusted.
　また、温度調整用ガス１７としては、窒素で１０倍希釈した希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス）、窒素、空気の３種類を用い、その吹き込み量は燃焼排ガス量と同じとし、吹き込み速度は燃焼室１１内で混合した後のガス速度の約９倍になるように、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６のサイズを調整した。 Further, as the temperature adjusting gas 17, three types of diluted LPG (diluted propane gas) diluted with nitrogen 10 times, nitrogen, and air are used, the amount of blowing is the same as the amount of combustion exhaust gas, and the blowing speed is the combustion chamber 11. The size of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16 was adjusted so as to be about 9 times the gas velocity after mixing inside.
　なお、燃焼室１１の内径は約２００ｍｍであり、温度調整用ガス１７の吹き込み位置の影響を調査するため、管状火炎バーナー１０の全長は３ｍとなっている。 The inner diameter of the combustion chamber 11 is about 200 mm, and the total length of the tubular flame burner 10 is 3 m in order to investigate the influence of the blowing position of the temperature adjusting gas 17.
　そして、温度調整用ガス１７を吹き込まない場合は、燃焼排ガスの温度が２０００℃近くなることから、炉体３１からの燃焼排ガスを散水装置３２によって冷却した後に煙突３３より排出することとした。また、炉体３１全体は耐火物で覆い、上部屋根部分と散水装置３２までの配管は水冷構造とした。管状火炎バーナー１０の後端には、覗き眼鏡、点火プラグ、輝度検知器が設置されており、失火は輝度検知器より検知され、瞬時にプロパンガス供給が停止される機構となっている。 When the temperature adjusting gas 17 is not blown, the temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is close to 2000 ° C., so the combustion exhaust gas from the furnace body 31 is cooled by the watering device 32 and then discharged from the chimney 33. Further, the entire furnace body 31 was covered with a refractory, and the piping to the upper roof portion and the sprinkler 32 was water-cooled. At the rear end of the tubular flame burner 10, a peeping eyeglass, a spark plug, and a luminance detector are installed. The misfire is detected by the luminance detector, and the propane gas supply is stopped instantaneously.
　以下に、それぞれの管状火炎バーナーの性能を調査、確認した結果を述べる。なお、温度調整用ガス１７として、希釈ＬＰＧ（希釈プロパンガス）、窒素、空気のいずれを用いた場合も結果は同じであったので、ここでは、温度調整用ガス１７として空気を用いた場合について述べる。 The following describes the results of investigation and confirmation of the performance of each tubular flame burner. The results were the same when any one of diluted LPG (diluted propane gas), nitrogen, and air was used as the temperature adjusting gas 17, and here, the case where air was used as the temperature adjusting gas 17. State.
　まず、実施例１と同様に、本発明の実施形態２の基礎とした管状火炎バーナー１０Ａの性能を確認するために、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置から温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置までの距離Ｌを変更する実験を行った。 First, similarly to Example 1, in order to confirm the performance of the tubular flame burner 10A based on Embodiment 2 of the present invention, from the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 An experiment was conducted to change the distance L to.
　その結果、実施例１と同様に、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの２．５倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合すると同時に失火した。温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合した状態では点火プラグによる点火もできなかった。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を吹き込むと、燃焼はするものの最長でも２０分しか連続燃焼せず、失火に伴う再点火が不可欠であった。一方、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３．５倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を吹き込んでも連続的に燃焼し、少なくとも６０分の安定燃焼が確認できた。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの４倍以上の場合も６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 As a result, in the same manner as in Example 1, when the distance L was 2.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the gas for temperature adjustment (air) was mixed and misfired at the same time. When the temperature adjusting gas (air) was mixed, ignition with a spark plug could not be performed. When the distance L is 3 times the internal diameter D of the combustion chamber, if the temperature adjusting gas (air) is blown in, the combustion will occur but it will continue to burn for only 20 minutes at the longest, and reignition due to misfire is indispensable. there were. On the other hand, when the distance L is 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, even if the temperature adjusting gas (air) was blown, it was continuously burned, and stable combustion was confirmed for at least 60 minutes. Further, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed even when the distance L was 4 times or more the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
　これに対して、本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅの性能を確認するために、温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の直ぐ上流側に乱流生成機構２０（オリフィス２１、格子２２、充填層２３）を設置し、燃料ガス吹き込みノズル１２の設置位置から温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置位置までの距離Ｌを変更する実験を行った。なお、オリフィス２１は内径１２０ｍｍの穴が開いたリング状のセラミック板を用いた。これにより、燃焼室１１の流路断面積が一時的に半減し、圧損が上昇することになる。格子２２はセラミック製の縦と横ともに８本格子の物を用いた。これにより、燃焼室１１の流路断面積が一時的に半減する。充填層２３は燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの１／１０の直径のセラミック粒子を５層分焼結させて用いた。 On the other hand, in order to confirm the performance of the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in the second embodiment of the present invention, the turbulent flow generation mechanism 20 (orifice 21, grid) is provided immediately upstream of the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle 16. 22 and a packed bed 23) were installed, and an experiment was conducted in which the distance L from the installation position of the fuel gas injection nozzle 12 to the installation position of the temperature adjusting gas injection nozzle 16 was changed. The orifice 21 was a ring-shaped ceramic plate having a hole with an inner diameter of 120 mm. Thereby, the flow path cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 11 is temporarily halved, and the pressure loss increases. The lattice 22 was made of ceramic and had 8 lattices in both length and width. Thereby, the flow path cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber 11 is temporarily halved. The packed bed 23 was used by sintering 5 layers of ceramic particles having a diameter of 1/10 of the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
　その結果、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの２．５倍、３．５倍のいずれの場合も、６０分以上の安定燃焼を確認することができた。 As a result, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more could be confirmed when the distance L was 2.5 times or 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11.
　次に、燃料ガスを高炉ガス（発熱量７６０ｋｃａｌ／Ｎｍ３）に変更するとともに、温度調整用ガス１７も高炉ガスに変更し、酸素含有ガスはそのまま空気を使用して、上記と同様の実験を行なった。 Next, the fuel gas is changed to a blast furnace gas (calorific value 760 kcal / Nm 3 ), the temperature adjusting gas 17 is also changed to a blast furnace gas, and the oxygen-containing gas is used as it is. I did it.
　その結果、本発明の実施形態２の基礎とした管状火炎バーナー１０Ａでは、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、温度調整用ガス（空気）を混合すると同時に失火した。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５倍、４倍、５倍の場合は、それぞれ最長で５分、２０分、６０分の連続燃焼であった。一方、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの６倍の場合は、６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 As a result, in the tubular flame burner 10A based on Embodiment 2 of the present invention, when the distance L was three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, the temperature adjusting gas (air) was mixed and misfired at the same time. Further, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, and 5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, the maximum combustion was 5 minutes, 20 minutes, and 60 minutes, respectively. On the other hand, when the distance L is 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
　これに対して、本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅでは、距離Ｌが燃焼室１１の内径Ｄの３倍の場合は、最長で６０分の連続燃焼であった。また、距離Ｌが燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５倍、４倍、５倍、６倍の場合は、いずれも６０分以上の安定燃焼が確認できた。 On the other hand, in the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E according to the second embodiment of the present invention, when the distance L is three times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber 11, continuous combustion was performed for a maximum of 60 minutes. In addition, when the distance L was 3.5 times, 4 times, 5 times, and 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber, stable combustion for 60 minutes or more was confirmed.
　なお、本発明の実施形態２における管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅの温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル１６の設置状態（図１４）を他の設置状態（図１５、図１６）にした場合についても、上記の管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅ（いずれも図１４）に対する実験と同様の実験を行なったところ、いずれの場合も、管状火炎バーナー１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅ（いずれも図１４）と同様の結果が得られた。 In addition, also about the case where the installation state (FIG. 14) of the temperature adjustment gas blowing nozzle 16 of the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is changed to another installation state (FIGS. 15 and 16), When experiments similar to those for the above-described tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E (FIG. 14) were performed, in each case, results similar to those for the tubular flame burners 10C, 10D, and 10E (all are FIG. 14). was gotten.
　このようにして、本発明の有効性を明らかにすることができた。 In this way, the effectiveness of the present invention could be clarified.
　１０　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ａ　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｂ　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｂ１　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｂ２　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｂ３　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｃ　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｄ　管状火炎バーナー
　１０Ｅ　管状火炎バーナー
　１１　燃焼室
　１２　燃料ガス吹き込みノズル
　１３　酸素含有ガス吹き込みノズル
　１４　管状火炎
　１６　温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズル
　１７　温度調整用ガス
　１８　温度調整用ガスの逆流部分
　１９　燃焼排ガス
　２０　乱流生成機構
　２１　オリフィス
　２２　格子
　２３　充填層
　２５　整流板
　３０　燃焼試験装置
　３１　炉体
　３２　散水装置
　３３　煙突 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tubular flame burner 10A Tubular flame burner 10B Tubular flame burner 10B 1 Tubular flame burner 10B 2 Tubular flame burner 10B 3 Tubular flame burner 10C Tubular flame burner 10D Tubular flame burner 10E Tubular flame burner 11 Combustion chamber 12 Fuel gas injection nozzle 13 Gas injection nozzle 14 Tubular flame 16 Temperature adjustment gas injection nozzle 17 Temperature adjustment gas 18 Backflow portion of temperature adjustment gas 19 Combustion exhaust gas 20 Turbulent flow generation mechanism 21 Orifice 22 Grid 23 Packing layer 25 Rectifier plate 30 Combustion test apparatus 31 Furnace Body 32 Sprinkler 33 Chimney

Claims (8)

  1. 　一端が開放された管状の燃焼室を有し、この燃焼室閉塞端側に、燃料ガスを吹き込むノズルと酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズルがその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられている管状火炎バーナーであって、
    その燃焼室開放端側に燃焼排ガスの温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルが設けられているとともに、該温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルから吹き込まれた温度調整用ガスが前記燃料ガス吹き込みノズル側に逆流することを防止する逆流防止手段が設けられている管状火炎バーナー。     A tubular flame burner having a tubular combustion chamber with one end open, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface on the closed end side of the combustion chamber Because
    A nozzle for injecting a temperature adjustment gas for combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the temperature adjustment gas blown from the nozzle for injecting the temperature adjustment gas flows backward to the fuel gas injection nozzle side. A tubular flame burner provided with a backflow prevention means for preventing this.
  2. 　前記逆流防止手段は、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルからの温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向を、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から１０°～６０°下流側に傾斜させるものである請求項１に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 The backflow prevention means inclines the blowing direction of the temperature adjusting gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjusting gas 10 ° to 60 ° downstream from the plane perpendicular to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber. Item 10. The tubular flame burner according to Item 1.
  3. 　前記逆流防止手段は、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルの上流側に配置された乱流生成機構である請求項１に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 2. The tubular flame burner according to claim 1, wherein the backflow prevention means is a turbulent flow generation mechanism disposed upstream of a nozzle for blowing a temperature adjusting gas.
  4. 　前記乱流生成機構は、オリフィス、格子、充填層のいずれかである請求項３に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 The tubular flame burner according to claim 3, wherein the turbulent flow generation mechanism is one of an orifice, a lattice, and a packed bed.
  5. 前記温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズルは、燃焼室の内径Ｄの２．５～３．５倍の距離、燃料ガス吹き込みノズルから離れている請求項１に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 The tubular flame burner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle is separated from the fuel gas blowing nozzle by a distance 2.5 to 3.5 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber.
  6. 前記温度調整用ガス吹き込みノズルは、燃焼室の内径Ｄの３．５～６倍の距離、燃料ガス吹き込みノズルから離れている請求項１に記載の管状火炎バーナー。 The tubular flame burner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature adjusting gas blowing nozzle is separated from the fuel gas blowing nozzle by a distance 3.5 to 6 times the inner diameter D of the combustion chamber.
  7. 　一端が開放された管状の燃焼室を有し、この燃焼室閉塞端側に、燃料ガスを吹き込むノズルと酸素含有ガスを吹き込むノズルがその内壁面の接線方向に向けて設けられている管状火炎バーナーであって、
    その燃焼室開放端側に燃焼排ガスの温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルが設けられており、温度調整用ガスを吹き込むノズルからの温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向が、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から１０°～６０°下流側に傾斜している管状火炎バーナー。     A tubular flame burner having a tubular combustion chamber with one end open, and a nozzle for blowing fuel gas and a nozzle for blowing oxygen-containing gas are provided toward the tangential direction of the inner wall surface on the closed end side of the combustion chamber Because
    A nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas of the combustion exhaust gas is provided on the open end side of the combustion chamber, and the blowing direction of the temperature adjustment gas from the nozzle for blowing the temperature adjustment gas is orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber A tubular flame burner that is inclined 10 ° to 60 ° downstream from the surface to be moved.
  8. 前記温度調整用ガスの吹き出し方向が、管状の燃焼室の管軸に直交する面から２５°～６０°下流側に傾斜している請求項７に記載の管状火炎バーナー。
          The tubular flame burner according to claim 7, wherein the blowing direction of the temperature adjusting gas is inclined 25 ° to 60 ° downstream from a plane orthogonal to the tube axis of the tubular combustion chamber.
PCT/JP2012/006226 2011-09-28 2012-09-28 Tubular flame burner WO2013046708A1 (en)

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JP2013535934A JP5704248B2 (en) 2011-09-28 2012-09-28 Tubular flame burner
KR1020147008949A KR101595678B1 (en) 2011-09-28 2012-09-28 Tubular flame burner
CN201280047615.9A CN103857961B (en) 2011-09-28 2012-09-28 Tubular flame burner
EP12836569.9A EP2762779B1 (en) 2011-09-28 2012-09-28 Tubular flame burner

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ITUD20130167A1 (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-07 Univ Degli Studi Trieste IRRADIATION BURNER

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CN112684099B (en) * 2020-12-18 2022-09-09 郑州大学 Assembled turbulent flame extinguishing device

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JPH0771726A (en) * 1993-07-09 1995-03-17 Boc Group Plc:The Gas combustor / reactor
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CN103857961B (en) 2016-11-23
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JP5704248B2 (en) 2015-04-22
KR101595678B1 (en) 2016-02-18
TW201314131A (en) 2013-04-01
KR20140067090A (en) 2014-06-03
EP2762779A1 (en) 2014-08-06
CN103857961A (en) 2014-06-11
TWI524039B (en) 2016-03-01
EP2762779A4 (en) 2015-08-26

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