WO2012171832A1

WO2012171832A1 - Pressure-accumulator device

Info

Publication number: WO2012171832A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/060604
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gert Joachim Reinhardt
Original assignee: Reinhardt, Gaby Traute
Priority date: 2011-06-16
Filing date: 2012-06-05
Publication date: 2012-12-20

Abstract

A method for producing a pressure-accumulator device has the following steps: production of at least one tubular element (13), arrangement of the at least one tubular element (13) in an end position, filling of the tubular element (13) with binder, arrangement of an inner wall (14) of the pressure-accumulator device within the at least one tubular element (13), with the result that the at least one tubular element (13) is arranged between the inner wall (14) and an outer wall (12) which surrounds the at least one tubular element, and filling of intermediate spaces (15) between the inner wall (14) and the outer wall (12) with binder.

Description

Pressure storage device

The invention relates to a pressure storage device for compressible gases.

For energy storage, it is possible to compress gases or gas mixtures such as air and store them in pressure storage devices. In order to generate electrical energy from the stored compressed gas, it would then be possible to operate a generator with the aid of a corresponding turbine device. By providing suitable pressure storage devices, it would thus be possible to buffer energy in order to compensate for energy fluctuations. The storage of large amounts of gas is not economically possible with the help of known pressure bottles. Known pressure bottles have a relatively small capacity and are also heavy. The use of a variety of such pressure bottles for storing large amounts of gas is not economically appropriate.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a pressure accumulator for compressed gases, with which also large amounts of compressed gas can be stored. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for producing such a pressure accumulator. The object is achieved according to the invention by a method according to claim 1 or 8.

The pressure storage device for compressed gases according to the invention has a double-walled pressure vessel. The double-walled pressure vessel has an inner wall of gas-tight material. Between the inner wall and an outer wall, a binder layer is provided for stiffening. In such a construction according to the invention of a double-walled pressure vessel, it is possible to produce the inner wall and the outer wall from a relatively thin layer, for example a metal sheet. These thin walls would not withstand a correspondingly high internal pressure. The pressure vessel is therefore stiffened according to the invention by a binder layer. This can be used as a binder, a low-cost material such as cement or concrete. In particular, the release agent layer is polymer concrete or mineral casting. Furthermore, it is preferred that the binder does not or only slightly shrink during curing, so that the formation of cavities is avoided. Optionally, a slight expansion of the binder occurs during curing.

Due to the inventive construction of the double-walled container made of especially high-quality gas-tight material on the inner wall, a stable outer wall, which may not necessarily be made of gas-tight material, and a binder layer of inexpensive material, it is possible to create very large pressure vessel at low production costs. In particular, the binder layer may comprise reinforced concrete. Furthermore, the binder layer may also be formed as an insulating layer. This can be realized by the provision of insulating material, such as glass, in the binder layer. In the outer wall of the double-walled pressure vessel according to the invention may also be earth mass. It is inventively advantageous to use existing large-volume cavities in the earth mass, such as parts of mines, for storage. For this purpose, according to the invention, the wall of the cavity is lined by an inner wall of gas-tight material is provided, and between the inner wall and the outer wall formed by the Erdmassiv itself to stiffen a binder layer is provided. Such provided in Erdmassiv, thereby formed double-walled pressure vessel has the particular advantage that it can withstand high pressures.

Furthermore, it is possible that the outer wall of the pressure storage device is formed by a building wall, in particular a basement wall. As a container, for example, columns of wind turbines, interiors of a street lamp or the like can be used. Of course, different embodiments of the pressure storage device are possible.

In the case of the wall of the double-walled pressure vessel according to the invention, which is always referred to below as the outer wall, in a preferred embodiment it may be earth mass.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the pressure storage device according to the invention, at least one tubular element is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall. The tubular element is preferably filled with binder. Here, a single, for example, spirally formed tubular element and / or a plurality of self-contained, in particular annular tubular elements may be provided. The at least one pipe element in this case preferably surrounds the pressure chamber, in particular completely. In an example, cylindrical pressure chamber in particular a plurality of tubular elements on the one hand in the cylinder jacket but also arranged in the cylinder bottom and in the cylinder cover. The at least one tubular element has in a preferred embodiment plastic, in particular plastic composite materials. It is particularly preferred that a tubular element made of a fiber composite material, such as carbon fiber, glass fiber or the like. This has the significant advantage that the tube element is very light and so far can be easily transported. The individual pipe elements can thus be produced in a factory, transported in a simple manner to the place of use and solidified there by backfilling.

In a method according to the invention for producing a pressure storage device using such tubular elements, the at least one tubular element is thus preferably produced in a factory and can then be transported easily and inexpensively to the place of use. Since it is in the particularly preferred embodiment of the pipe elements to pipe elements made of fiber composite material, it is also possible to carry out the curing on site. As a result, the transport is particularly simplified large pipe elements. At the site, the at least one pipe element is arranged in its end position and then filled with binder. Before or after the filling of the at least one tubular element, the inner wall is arranged and, if it is a separate outer wall and not an outer wall such as a solid mass, also an arrangement of the outer wall of the pressure storage device. The already filled or still to be filled at least one pipe element is thus arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall of the pressure storage device. In the next step, then filling the at least one pipe element and then or simultaneously filling the gap between the at least one pipe element and the inner wall and the outer wall. After the curing of the binder can thus be prepared in a simple and cost-effective manner, a large-volume pressure storage device. The particular several Pipe elements are preferably arranged in all intermediate spaces between the inner wall and the outer wall, so that in an example cylindrical pressure vessel tube elements in the lateral surface as well as in the cylinder cover and in the cylinder bottom are arranged.

The inner and / or the outer wall of the pressure storage device may, for example, before filling to define the position of the at least one pipe element relative to the walls, be connected to one of the two walls. This can be done by welding, for example, if the inner and / or the outer wall of plastic material.

In a first preferred embodiment, the one or more tube elements are ring elements. These individual ring elements can be brought to form a pressure storage device according to the invention in a horizontal end position, wherein preferably a plurality of ring elements are stacked on each other. This results in a, for example, cylindrical or in particular upwardly conically tapered cavity. The individual annular tubular elements can then be filled in each case before the next tubular element is arranged. In addition, it is conceivable initially to stack some tube elements to each other and then to fill them separately from the outside via an opening to be introduced into the tube elements.

In a further preferred embodiment, the ring element is designed as a spiral element. The ring element is designed as a helical spiral, so that a cylindrical or conical cavity is already formed by the spiral element. The formation of a tubular element as a spiral element has the advantage that it can be filled more easily, since at least several spiral turns can be filled together by pressing in binder. In particular, the entire multi-start spiral element can be filled via its opening provided at the end of the spiral opening. The provision of openings in each individual ring element for filling thus eliminated. As a result, the production is easier and eliminates the need to close several backfills.

In a further preferred embodiment, the individual tube elements are formed like a column. The individual columnar tube elements are each preferably aligned vertically and arranged along a ring, which in turn is formed, for example, a cylindrical or upwardly tapered pressure storage device.

The individual pipe elements can have different cross sections. For example, it is also possible that the tubular elements are not round, but have a rectangular or square cross-section. In this case, then the filling can be omitted if necessary, if the pipe elements are designed such that no or only slight gaps arise.

The individual differently configured tubular elements, which can also be combined with each other, are lined in the next step with an inner wall. Furthermore, an outer wall is provided, wherein the outer wall can also be an existing outer wall of a mine shaft or the like. Subsequently, a filling of the gaps between the inner wall and the outer wall with binder takes place.

The provision of the inner wall can preferably be effected by spraying a corresponding inner wall forming sealing material, in particular a composite material. Optionally, additional mats made of fiber composite material can be introduced. Such a production of the inner wall is particularly advantageous if the cross sections and the arrangement of the individual pipe elements is designed such that already a substantially closed surface is generated. This is especially true in the rectangular cross sections of the tubular elements. The outer wall can, if an outer wall is provided, be made according to the inner wall. A filling of the pipe elements and the optionally present between the pipe elements and the inner wall or the pipe elements and the outer wall spaces can be made after the manufacture of the inner and / or the outer wall. Optionally, a complete or partial filling of the pipe elements before the manufacture of the inner and / or outer wall can be carried out.

The production of the inner and / or the outer wall by spraying composite material with or without the additional provision of fiber composite mats has the particular advantage that in this way an extremely thin inner and / or outer wall can be produced. As a result, the production costs can be further reduced considerably.

In a further preferred, an independent invention performing method is not first arranging the pipe elements in the final position followed by filling the pipe elements, providing an inner wall and possibly an outer wall and then filling the gaps, but first producing an inner and an outer wall. In this method according to the invention thus takes place in the first step, a production of two cylinder elements. These are preferably round and have a different diameter. In the next step, a particular concentric arrangement of the two cylinder elements, ie a nesting of the two cylinder elements. In the next step, the space between the two cylinder elements is filled with binder. In a preferred development of this method, prior to filling, at least one connecting or stiffening element is arranged between the two cylinder elements. Preferably, the at least one connecting element is connected to one, in particular two, cylinder elements. The bonding can be done by gluing or by co-curing of the fiber composite material. As connecting elements connecting webs may be provided which extend in particular radially. Likewise, it is possible to provide a wavy, for example sinusoidally configured intermediate wall as a connecting element. This is preferably in turn connected in particular at their inflection points with the inner cylinder element and / or the outer cylinder element.

In a preferred development of this method, pipe elements are arranged between the two cylinder elements, as described above with reference to the other production method according to the invention. This can in turn be done filling gaps.

Thus, a double-walled pressure storage device is provided by the above two methods according to the invention. Here, the inner wall and the outer wall or the two cylinder elements serve as external reinforcement.

Such pressure storage devices can be arranged in the ground or in rooms. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the pressure storage device according to the invention, this additionally serves as a tower for a wind turbine. The pressure-storage device according to the invention thus has the dual function, on the one hand to carry the wind turbine and on the other hand to serve for storing compressed gas. Even if the resulting cavity of the tower or pillar for supporting wind turbines is not used as an accumulator, has the inventive Manufacturing process compared to conventional towers for wind turbines on a significant cost advantage. Also, the production is much easier and cheaper.

The fiber composite material may be a composite material comprising fibers such as carbon and / or glass fibers. Also, a composite material with steel or glass can be used.

The binder used for backfilling, which is in particular concrete, can be added with fillers such as fibers of glass, carbon, steel, etc. in order to further increase the strength.

It is particularly preferred to connect the inner wall with the outer wall via stiffening elements, such as stiffening struts with each other. This can serve as a stiffening element and the at least one pipe element. This is particularly possible in a simple manner, when both the inner wall and the outer wall are made of a weldable material such as plastic. The stiffening elements may for example also be formed as a honeycomb structure. By stiffening a dimensionally stable framework-like structure of inner wall, outer wall and stiffening struts is formed. This can then be filled in a further process step with a binder, such as concrete, concrete polymer, concrete mineral casting, etc. As a result, an extremely pressure-resistant container can be realized at very low production costs. It can be made by this cylindrical or tubular pressure vessel of great length. In particular, pressure vessels can be produced, which are constructed according to an overseas pipeline. In particular, this pipeline can also be laid in a circle with several spirals. Such pressure vessels may extend over several hundred meters or even several kilometers and be arranged for example in shafts on the seabed or the like. Such tubular pressure vessel can in a kind of endless process can be produced so that long lengths can be realized. For example, such a pressure vessel has an inner wall and an outer wall made of, in particular, fiber-reinforced plastic. The thickness of the steel wall may be in the range of a few millimeters, wherein the inner wall may be made thinner than the outer wall. The binder layer disposed between the two walls preferably has a thickness in the range of 40-100 mm. Already hereby pressure vessel can be realized, in which gas pressure of about 200 bar can be stored. In a somewhat more massive design and pressure vessel can be realized in which gas can be stored at a pressure of about up to 400 bar.

Since the pressure resistance of the pressure vessel is essentially realized by a binder layer which can be produced from cost-effective material, double-walled pressure vessels with large volumes can be realized. In particular, it is possible to build pressure vessels having a volume of more than 25 l, in particular more than 1000 l and more preferably more than 100,000 l.

Due to the construction according to the invention as a double-walled pressure vessel, it is possible to store within the vessel a gas, such as air, with a pressure of more than 200 bar, in particular more than 400 bar.

The inner wall of gas-tight material may have a plastic layer and be formed as a plastic container. In particular, this is a substantially circular cylindrical container. Of course, the inner wall can also be made of composite material. It is essential that it is a gas-tight material or a material with a gas-tight layer or coating. The outer wall serves to form a cavity between inner wall and outer wall, around the binder layer of a hardening and / or setting material take. The outer wall does not have to be made of a gas-tight material. In particular, for reasons of stability, it is preferred that the inner wall and / or the outer wall are made of a metal sheet, in particular a metal sheet. This makes it possible, for example, to connect the inner wall with the outer wall via webs, such as reinforced concrete, to realize a further increase in rigidity. In particular, this can be realized as a reinforced concrete binder layer. Furthermore, in the region between the inner and the outer wall, if appropriate, reinforcements connected thereto may be provided. Between the inner wall and the outer wall and other intermediate walls may be provided, so that a multi-walled container is realized. Furthermore, it is possible and to reduce transport costs appropriate to make the inner wall and / or the outer wall of plastic or plastic composite material and provide between the walls, for example, tubular elements that serve to stiffen and are also made of plastic or plastic composite material.

In a further development of the invention, the inner wall is composed of individual tubular elements. These are connected to each other in particular annular joints, for example by welding (steel, plastic), gluing or screwing. It is also possible to disguise a composite, for example, by such items inner wall with a gas-tight film or liner. It is particularly preferred to provide such tubular elements with a circumferential thread, so that by screwing together two or more tubular elements, a very large pressure vessel can be realized.

Furthermore, when storing large amounts of compressed gas, there is a requirement that these be stored at the highest possible pressure of preferably more than 200 bar, in particular more than 400 bar. This is required to store the largest possible amount of energy per unit volume. In this case, it is preferable to design spherical double-walled pressure vessels. This is especially possible with pressure vessels made of plastic, such as fiber-reinforced plastic.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a plurality of pressure vessels are combined. Here, a main pressure vessel is provided. Within the main pressure vessel at least one secondary pressure vessel is arranged, wherein both the main pressure vessel and the at least one secondary pressure vessel are constructed as described above. Such an arrangement of a plurality of pressure vessels arranged one inside another has the advantage that an internal secondary pressure vessel with a comparatively high pressure of, for example, 400 bar and a secondary pressure vessel surrounding the main pressure vessel can be filled with a lower pressure of for example 200 bar. This has the advantage that the container wall of the secondary pressure vessel can be designed to be weaker or thinner and thus more cost-effective, since the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the container wall is relevant for the design of the container wall. In the above example, the pressure difference is only 200 bar, so that the container wall of the secondary pressure vessel can be designed significantly thinner and cheaper than the container wall of a container in which a high pressure of 400 bar is stored and the container is surrounded by atmospheric pressure.

The filling and emptying of such nested pressure vessel is in this case preferably controlled such that the pressure differences between a container inner wall and a container outer wall do not exceed the allowable for the corresponding construction pressure difference.

For example, it is possible to arrange a plurality of pressure vessels concentric with each other. Also can be independent in an outer main pressure vessel be arranged from each other a plurality of individual pressure vessel or, for example, surrounded an inner pressure vessel.

To fill a pressure vessel of a pressure storage device with gas, another, an independent invention performing pressure storage device comprises at least one pressure vessel for storing the compressed gas and a pressure generating device. The pressure generating device has a pressure piston arranged in a cylinder. The pressure piston, which may be formed as a free piston, divides the interior of the cylinder into a hydraulic chamber and a pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is connected for example via one or more lines to the at least one pressure vessel. The movement of the pressure piston takes place by supplying hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic chamber. It is thus possible to compress the gas by, in particular, continuously supplying hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic space. The conveying of the hydraulic fluid can be effected by a pump. The drive of the pump can be done mechanically, for example by water power or wind power or electrically, for example by solar energy.

In a preferred alternative embodiment of the pressure storage device, the pressure generation does not take place with the aid of a pressure piston arranged in a pressure generating device. Instead, in a pressure vessel by means of a pumping liquid, especially water, pumped. The water surface thus corresponds to the piston surface. The liquid is preferably pumped into the pressure vessel via a pumping device designed as a hydraulic pump. By increasing the amount of liquid, the gas present in the pressure vessel is compressed. The provision of liquid, in particular water, in the pressure vessel instead of a pressure piston has the significant advantage that in a very large-volume pressure vessel instead of pumping large volumes of hydraulic fluid, water or other inexpensive fluid is pumped into the pressure vessel. The provision of hydraulic fluid is only required depending on the type of pump for the pump itself, so that only a small amount of hydraulic fluid is needed.

Furthermore, a liquid reservoir, in particular a water reservoir, is preferably provided, from which the liquid is pumped into the pressure vessel with the aid of the pumping device. Since in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention pressure accumulators are used with large volumes to store large amounts of energy, takes place a relatively slow supply of liquid, such as water to the pressure vessel. As a result, a strong sloshing or moving the water is avoided within the pressure vessel, so that the water surface can be used as a piston surface.

The stored in the at least one pressure vessel by compression of the gas energy can be converted into electrical energy when needed. This can be done in a simple manner in that the compressed gas is used for direct or indirect driving of a generator. In particular, in the embodiment of the pressure storage device according to the invention, in which instead of the plunger liquid, such as water, is pumped into the pressure vessel, the corresponding liquid can be discharged from the pressure vessel and fed to a power-generating device for generating electricity. Due to the gas pressure in the pressure vessel, for example, by simply opening a valve, the water or another liquid is pushed out of the pressure vessel and can thus be used in a simple way for power generation. The water is then preferably recycled back into the water reservoir. By such a storage device with at least one pressure vessel and a pressure generating device, it is thus possible to store energy in the form of compressed gas and then, for example, to compensate for fluctuations in the power grid or to intercept temporary high energy demand for power generation. Furthermore, it is possible to realize a power generation by using the pressure generating device or pumping device in reverse operation.

The cylinder of the pressure generating device is constructed in a particularly preferred embodiment according to the double or multi-walled pressure vessel. For the production of large-volume long cylinder, it is possible to connect individual cylindrical tubes with each other. This can be realized in particular by circumferential threads at the connection points. The connection via circumferential thread in this case has the significant advantage according to the invention that a cylinder with a large length can be realized, wherein a constant diameter is also realized at the connection points. Deformations due to the connection of the cylinders are thereby excluded. This is necessary to realize a reliable sealing between the pressure piston and the inner wall of the cylinder.

In a preferred embodiment of the pressure storage device according to the invention a plurality of pressure vessels are provided, which are filled with a single pressure generating device or pumping device. In this case, it is preferable for the connection between the pressure-generating device or pumping device and the individual pressure vessels to take place via a branched line, valve device preferably being arranged in the line. By a corresponding activation of the valve devices, it is possible to fill the individual pressure vessels one after the other. This has the particular advantage that individual Pressure vessel are first filled to a desired pressure before a next pressure vessel is filled. This has the particular advantage that a completely filled pressure vessel can be used as needed to drive a turbine or the like for power generation.

In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of pressure vessels are arranged such that they surround the pressure generating device. As a result, short lines between the pressure generating device and the individual pressure vessels can be realized. It is also possible that the pressure-generating device is arranged within a pressure vessel, so that the pressure vessel surrounds the pressure-generating device.

The pressure vessels are preferably cylindrical or conical. It is also possible to arrange a plurality of pressure vessels and possibly also the pressure generating device within an example conical housing.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure chamber of the pressure generating device is connected to a gas supply line in which a valve is arranged. This makes it possible to fill the pressure vessel by a plurality of strokes of the pressure piston and to increase the gas pressure continuously. The valve, which is preferably a check valve, is designed in such a way that during a decompression stroke of the pressure piston gas, which is preferably nitrogen, flows into the pressure chamber. In a subsequent compression stroke of the pressure piston, the valve is closed, so that the gas flows from the pressure chamber into the pressure vessel or a buffer. The gas supply line is preferably connected to a container in which, in particular, the nitrogen to be delivered is arranged. In the case of very large pressure reservoirs, which in particular extend over a great length, a plurality of pressure-generating devices can be provided within the pressure reservoir in the longitudinal direction.

Instead of the hydraulic pressure generating device provided in a preferred embodiment, the

Pressure generating device also be constructed such that with the aid of a moving piston in a cylinder, a gas, in particular a gas mixture such as air is pumped into the pressure accumulator. This again takes place preferably with the interposition of a corresponding valve. In this embodiment, it is particularly preferred to arrange the pressure generating device within a pressure accumulator, so that the heat generated during the compression is not delivered to the environment, but to the compressed gas. This reduces the heat loss due to compression.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the pressure storage device, the pressure generating device described above is combined with at least one pressure vessel, wherein the pressure vessel is constructed according to the above-described double or multi-walled pressure vessel.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Show it :

FIG. 1 shows a schematic, sectioned schematic diagram of a double-walled pressure vessel, FIG. 2 shows a schematic, perspective, sectional view of a pressure storage device according to a first embodiment,

3 shows a schematic, perspective, sectional view of a pressure storage device according to a second embodiment,

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a pressure

Storage device according to a third embodiment,

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a pressure

Storage device according to a fourth embodiment,

Figures 6 - 8 shown schematically differently

Embodiments arranged one inside the other

Pressure accumulator,

Figures 9-12 are different schematic representations more preferred

Embodiments of pressure storage devices and

Figures 13-16 different preferred embodiments of

Tube elements.

A container designed according to the invention as a double-walled pressure vessel 10 for storing compressed gases has an outer wall 12 and an inner wall 14. The inner wall 14 is made of gas-tight material or, for example, coated on its inner side 16 with a gas-tight material. Through the inner wall 14, a pressure chamber 18 is thus formed, to which a compressed gas can be supplied via an inlet, not shown. To stiffen the particular columnar pressure vessel 10 is formed between the inner wall 14 and the outer wall 16 filled with a curable and / or settable material cavity 20. Between the two walls 12, 14 thus a binder layer is provided. The binder layer 20 has, for example, cement and / or concrete.

The outer wall 12, which need not be gas-tight, is preferably made of a sheet metal, glass or the like. Furthermore, the outer wall can be earth mass, a building wall, the pillar of a windmill or the like.

Between the two walls 12, 14 stiffening struts such as reinforcing bars and the like may be provided.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure vessel between the outer wall 12 and the inner wall 14, for example, a plurality of annular tubular elements 13. The annular tubular elements 13, which may for example also be formed as a spiral tubular element, are preferably made of a fiber composite material. It is thus possible to prefabricate the pipe elements in the factory and to bring them to the place of use in a simple manner, since they are lightweight components. Likewise, it is possible to cure the pipe elements on site, so that only a prefabrication of the pipe elements produced from composite material takes place in the factory. At the site then, for example, a connection of the tubular elements 13 with the preferably also made of a plastic material inside wall 14 and / or the outer wall 12. Before or after connecting the tubular elements 13, the pipe elements 13 and the spaces 15 between the tubular elements 13 and the walls 12, 14 with binder such as concrete or filled in the same way. It is possible to use different types of tubular elements, as described in particular with reference to FIGS 13-16.

The tubular elements 13 in their technical structure corresponding tubular elements 17, which are, for example, concentric annularly formed tubular elements are provided in a cylindrical pressure vessel 10 for stabilization in the cylinder base and in the cylinder cover.

Furthermore, it is also possible to produce other geometrically shaped pressure vessels such as spherical pressure vessels. This is possible in particular by the above-described provision of tubular elements between the inner wall and the outer wall.

In particular, in a cylindrical configuration of the pressure vessel, this is composed of a plurality of tubular elements. The connection of two adjacent tubular elements, in particular along the circular connecting line can be effected by welding, gluing and / or screwing.

In a first preferred embodiment of a pressure storage device (FIG. 2), a pressure generating device 22 is connected to a pressure vessel 10 via a supply line 24. Here, the pressure vessel 10 is formed as explained with reference to Figure 1 as a double-walled pressure vessel. The pressure-generating device also has a preferably double-walled cylinder 24, which is likewise constructed in accordance with the pressure vessel and thus has an inner wall and an outer wall, between which a binder layer is arranged. Within the cylinder 24, a pressure piston 26 is arranged. By the Pressure piston 26, the interior of the cylinder 24 is divided into a hydraulic chamber 28 and a pressure chamber 30.

For compressing the gas arranged in the pressure chamber 30 and in the pressure vessel 10, a hydraulic fluid is supplied to the hydraulic chamber 28 via a feed opening 32, for example by means of a pump, not shown. This results in a movement of the pressure piston in Figure 2 upwards.

In order to convert energy by means of the gas stored in the pressure vessel 10, the pressure vessel 10 is connected via a line, not shown, for example, with a turbine, wherein the turbine may then be connected to a generator for generating electricity. In particular, the energy conversion can also be done by reversing the function of the pressure generating device.

In order to provide the largest possible pressure generating device 22, this is composed of several individual components, as indicated in Figure 2 by the dashed line 23. For example, the cylinder 24 is composed of two parts, which are joined together at a separating seam 23. The joining takes place in a preferred embodiment by a circumferential thread, so that the two individual parts are screwed together. In this way, over the entire length of the cylinder 24, a constant inner diameter can be realized. The individual cylindrical parts for producing the cylinder 24 have a length of, for example, 10 m, so that overall a pressure generating device 22 with a height of 20 m is shown in FIG. Instead of providing a separate pressure vessel 10 and the pressure chamber 30 itself can be used to store gas. The pressure chamber 30 replaces the separate pressure vessel.

In a further embodiment of the invention (FIG. 3), similarly identical components are identified by the same reference numerals.

This embodiment also has a pressure generating device 10, which is connected via the line 24 with a plurality of pressure vessels 10. For this purpose, the line 24 has a plurality of branch lines 34, in which, if necessary, valve devices can be arranged.

In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of pressure vessel 10 are arranged in a housing 36 which is conical in the illustrated embodiment.

In a further preferred embodiment (FIG. 4), the pressure-generating device 22 is arranged inside the pressure vessel 10. The pressure generating device 22 is constructed according to the pressure generating device described in particular with reference to FIG. The pressure chamber 30 of the pressure generating device 22 is connected via a gas supply line 40 with a container, not shown, in which nitrogen is stored in particular. In the gas supply line designed in particular as a check valve valve 42 is arranged. Furthermore, the pressure chamber 30 is connected via a further, preferably also designed as a check valve valve 44 with a compressed gas chamber 46 of the pressure vessel 10.

The hydraulic chamber 28 is connected via a line 52 for supplying hydraulic oil with an oil reservoir, not shown, which may have a small volume compared to the nitrogen reservoir. Hydraulic fluid is pumped through the line 52 from the hydraulic reservoir into the hydraulic chamber 28 via a pump, not shown. As a result, the pressure piston 26 shifts upward in FIG. 4, so that the gas to be delivered is conveyed from the pressure chamber 30 into the compressed gas space 46 through the valve 44.

In the next step, a decompression stroke takes place in which the pressure piston 26 in FIG. 4 is moved downwards again. As a result, gas is introduced through the check valve 42 and the gas supply line 40 into the pressure chamber 30. By the next compression stroke, in which the pressure piston 26 is moved upward in Figure 4, there is an automatic closing of the check valve 42 and opening the open in the reverse direction check valve 44, so that the gas, in particular nitrogen, from the pressure chamber 30th is fed back into the compressed gas chamber 46. This results in a further increase in the pressure in the pressure vessel.

For energy production, in particular for power generation, in a preferred embodiment, a reversal of the compression process. By a corresponding switching of the flow direction in the valve 44, in particular compressed nitrogen flows from the compressed gas chamber 46 into the pressure chamber 30. By means of this gas expansion, the pressure piston 26 is moved downwards. This makes it possible, for example, to operate a turbine for power generation with the aid of the fluid.

Instead of compressing nitrogen, it is also possible to compress other gases or gas mixtures, in particular air. In the compression of air, the arrangement shown in Figure 4 of the pressure generating device 22 within the pressure vessel 10 is particularly is preferred, since in this way the heat generated during the compression is released substantially to the compressed air.

Instead of providing a hydraulic space 28, the pressure piston 26 can also be moved via a push rod. The hydraulic chamber 28 is omitted here. The corresponding push rod is connected to a drive device such as a motor.

In a further preferred embodiment of the pressure storage device according to the invention (Figure 5) is provided as a pressure generating means within the pressure vessel 10 liquid 72, such as water. By supplying water or other liquid into the pressure vessel 10, the gas present in the region 74 of the pressure vessel is compressed. The supply of water takes place with the aid of a pump device 76, from which water is pumped from a liquid reservoir 78 via lines 80, 82 into the pressure vessel.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the power is generated by reversible operation of the pump 76. In this case, the pump 76 may in particular be mechanically connected to a generator.

Different arrangements of pressure vessels are shown schematically with reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, the individual pressure vessels represented by circles corresponding to the pressure vessels 10 being constructed as described above.

Within a main pressure vessel 54, three auxiliary pressure vessels 56 are arranged in FIG. Since the pressure difference between the outside and inside of the container is relevant to the required pressure stability of the walls of the pressure vessel, it is possible, in particular for cost savings, in the main pressure vessel 54, gas with a pressure of, for example, 200 bar and in the arranged inside pressure tanks to arrange gas at a higher pressure of 300 bar or 400 bar. This arrangement has the advantage that the walls of the secondary pressure vessel 56 need only be designed in such a way that they have to withstand a relatively small pressure difference of, for example, 200 bar.

In another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, two secondary pressure vessels 58, 60 are arranged inside the main pressure vessel 54. The containers 54, 58, 60 are arranged concentrically with each other. In this case, the pressure within the individual containers may increase from the outside in, so that, for example, the main pressure vessel has a pressure of 200 bar, the further inner container 58 has a pressure of 300 bar and the inner container 60 has a pressure of 400 bar.

In a further embodiment of a pressure vessel (FIG. 8) arranged inside one another, a secondary pressure vessel 60 is arranged concentrically within a main pressure vessel 54. In the provided between the two containers 54, 60 annular gap a plurality of individual secondary pressure vessel 70 is arranged. In the containers 70, for example, a pressure of 300 bar prevail, wherein in the container 54, a pressure of 200 bar and in the inner container 60, the highest pressure of for example 400 bar prevails. The wall thickness of the individual containers is in turn dependent on the pressure difference. The embodiment shown in Figure 7, the inner preferably having the highest pressure having container 60 may be formed large volume despite the very high pressure. For example, it is also possible to connect the individual auxiliary pressure vessels 70, for example via an annular wall, in order to further increase the stability. If in the container 54, for example, a pressure of 200 bar and in the container 70, a pressure of 300 bar prevails, the walls of the container 70 can be made relatively thin, since the pressure difference is only 100 bar here. According to a first production method, it is possible, as shown schematically in FIG. 9, to arrange web-shaped connecting elements 72 between an outer wall 12 produced as a cylinder element made of fiber composite material and a correspondingly produced inner wall 14 for producing a pressure storage device. These extend radially with respect to the two concentrically arranged in the illustrated embodiment cylinder elements 12, 14 and are in particular connected to the two cylinder elements 12, 14 and the two walls 12, 14. Subsequently, filling the gaps 74 with a binder such as concrete.

In a further embodiment according to FIG. 10, the two walls 12, 14 or the cylinder elements 12, 14 are of identical design, wherein a wave-shaped connecting element 76 is arranged in the intermediate space between the two cylinder elements 12, 14. This connecting element, which is substantially sinusoidal in plan view, is preferably in turn connected to the two walls or cylinder elements 12, 14. The resulting gaps 78 are then in turn filled with binder.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, it is possible to provide tubular or column-shaped tube elements 80 between the again identically designed cylinder elements 12, 14. These run parallel to each other and are arranged substantially vertically, as long as it is a cylindrically constructed pressure storage device. Both the interiors 82 of the tubular elements 84 and the spaces between the tubular elements 80 are then filled with binder in the next step. In the simplest embodiment of a pressure storage device according to the invention, the two cylinder elements 12, 14, as shown in Figure 12, arranged concentrically to each other, wherein the gap 86 between the two cylinder elements 12, 14 is provided with no fasteners, so that, for example, in the pressure - Memory device filling the entire ring-cylindrical gap formed 86 takes place.

In a further preferred manufacturing method, tube elements 88, 90, 92, 94 may be provided. This may be a spiral tubular element 80, 84 which has either a round cross section (FIG. 3) or a square cross section (FIG. 14). Likewise, it may be a plurality of annular tubular members 92, 94 which are horizontally aligned and stacked one on top of the other. These in turn may have a circular cross section (FIG. 15) or a square cross section (FIG. 14).

For the production of the pressure storage device, it is possible that the individual tube elements 88, 90, 92, 94 are first filled with binder. Subsequently, a lining of the cavity with an inner wall and surrounding an outer wall for sealing can then be made. The remaining spaces can then be filled with binder again.

In particular for the production of a tower for a wind turbine, such individual elements as described with reference to FIGS. 9-16 can be stacked on top of each other.

Claims

claims

A method of manufacturing a pressure storage device comprising the steps of:

Producing at least one pipe element (13),

Arranging the at least one tubular element (13) in an end position, filling the tubular element (13) with binder,

Arranging an inner wall (14) of the pressure storage device within the at least one tubular element (13) such that the at least one tubular element (13) is disposed between the inner wall (14) and an outer wall (12) surrounding the at least one tubular element and filling Gaps (15) between the inner wall (14) and the outer wall (12) with binder.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein from one or more tubular elements (92, 94) at least one ring element is produced, which is arranged horizontally in its end position.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein a plurality of ring elements (92, 94) are arranged one above the other, so that a preferably cylindrical or conical pressure storage device is produced.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein from one or more tubular elements (88, 90), a spiral element is produced, so that a preferably cylindrical or conical pressure storage device is produced.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the tube elements are straight and are arranged like a column in its end position.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the tubular elements are arranged in a columnar manner in a ring for forming a preferably cylindrical or conical pressure-memory device.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein at least one tubular element (90, 94) has a rectangular cross-section, so that if necessary filling the gaps can be omitted.

8. A method of manufacturing a pressure storage device, comprising the steps of:

Producing two cylinder elements (12, 14) made of fiber composite material, concentrically arranging the two cylinder elements (12, 14) and

Filling the intermediate space (86) between the two cylinder elements (12, 14) with binder.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein before filling at least one connecting element (72, 76, 80) between the cylinder elements (12, 14) is arranged, which is preferably connected to both cylinder elements (12, 14). The method of claim 9, wherein the connecting element as a connecting web (72) and / or as a wave-shaped connecting wall (76) is formed.

Method according to claim 8, wherein prior to filling the intermediate space between the two cylinder elements (12, 14), at least one pipe element according to one of claims 1-7 is arranged between the two cylinder elements (12, 14).