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WO2012021128A1 - Efficient power supply/charger - Google Patents

Efficient power supply/charger Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012021128A1
WO2012021128A1 PCT/US2010/045044 US2010045044W WO2012021128A1 WO 2012021128 A1 WO2012021128 A1 WO 2012021128A1 US 2010045044 W US2010045044 W US 2010045044W WO 2012021128 A1 WO2012021128 A1 WO 2012021128A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charger
power supply
efficient power
input protection
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/045044
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Joseph B. Sainton
Original Assignee
Ever Win International Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ever Win International Corporation filed Critical Ever Win International Corporation
Priority to PCT/US2010/045044 priority Critical patent/WO2012021128A1/en
Publication of WO2012021128A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012021128A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electrical chargers for electronic devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to vehicle electrical chargers for electronic devices with universal serial buses (USB).
  • USB universal serial buses
  • the efficient power supply/charger of the present invention is a car charger comprising an input protection component, a surge regulator, a voltage controller component, a current limiting component, and a cable compensation component.
  • the voltage controller components further comprises of a power output component and a gate drive.
  • An object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger capable of charging various electronic devices through their USB ports.
  • a further object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger capable of regulating a surge versus attempting to clamp the surge.
  • Another object of the car charger is to achieve low EMI without the necessity of using any ferrites.
  • Yet another object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger that is capable of better response to transients and the capability to spread out EMI over a wider frequency range.
  • FIG 1 shows the complete schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the efficient power supply/charger.
  • Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the input protection circuit.
  • FIG. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the surge regulator circuit.
  • Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram of the power output circuit.
  • Figure 5 shows the schematic diagram of the gate drive circuit.
  • Figure 6 shows the schematic diagram of the voltage controller circuit.
  • Figure 7 shows the output and gate voltage under a variable load of 80mA to
  • Figure 8 shows the output voltage during dynamic load change of 80mA to
  • Figure 9 shows the schematic diagram of the current limiting and cable compensation circuit.
  • Figure 10 shows the output voltage loaded to 80mA and subjected to a 40V input surge.
  • Figure 11 shows the output voltage loaded to 1A and subjected to a 40V input surge.
  • Vout+ and Vout- can be connected directly to a USB or other type of connector, or connected to a cable.
  • Vin+ and Gnd are normally connected to a positive tip spring and ground clip.
  • the efficient power supply/charger comprises an input protection component, a surge regulator, a voltage controller component, a current limiting component, and a cable compensation component.
  • the voltage controller components further comprises of a power output component and a gate drive.
  • Figure 2 shows the input protection components comprised of Fl, C2, and D3.
  • Fl provides protection to the vehicle's electrical system in case of a shorted part inside the adapter.
  • a 2 amp PTC is shown, but any other type of fuse could be used, including a PCB trace fuse, which would be the lowest possible cost.
  • C2 is a luF capacitor used to provide a small amount of filtering.
  • D3 is used to provide reverse input voltage protection.
  • FIG. 3 shows the surge regulator comprised of Q4, Q2, Q5, Z2, R7, R17, R18, and R19.
  • the adapter input current flows through Q4, which is biased on by R17 and R19. If the input voltage surge rises above 27 volts, Z2 starts to conduct current into the base of Q2. This causes Q2 to pull base current out of Q5.
  • the gate to source voltage of Q4 is reduced to its linear operating region, regulating the output to a little less than 28 volts.
  • the power dissipated in Q4 is the input current x the 12 volts across it. Worse case scenario testing has shown Q4 can survive with more than 1 amp passing through it.
  • the present invention has the benefit of regulating the surge, versus trying to clamp it to less than 30 volts using traditional parts and methods.
  • Traditional parts would have to be very large and expensive, severely limiting the size of the enclosure and marketability.
  • Figure 4 shows the power output stage made from Q3, CI, C3, LI, D2, C5, and R2.
  • Q3 When Q3 is turned on, the input voltage causes a current to start ramping up through LI, which charges C3.
  • An R-C snubbing network is comprised of C5 and R2 to reduce EMI.
  • Figure 5 shows the gate drive circuit made from R12, R13, D1, and Ql.
  • Ul-B When Ul-B is off (open collector) the FET's gate to source voltage is held to less than 0.6 volts by R13 and Ql .
  • Ql As Ul-B turns on, Ql is turned off by Dl and R12 slowly pulls the gate voltage down, turning on the FET.
  • Careful control of the gate drive to the FET is the key to achieving low EMI without having to use any ferrites.
  • Traditional methods switch the FET on and off as quickly as possible for high efficiency. This introduces large amounts of EMI.
  • the FET must be turned off quickly, since the current is at a maximum, but this can be easily dealt with by the R-C snubber.
  • the other unique feature of the gate drive circuit is that operation in both the digital and linear regions is possible, depending on the load.
  • Figure 6 shows how the voltage controller works. Ul-B's inverting input is normally biased at 1.24 volts. The output voltage is controlled by the ratio of Rl 1 to R6. Rl and C6 provide a "speed up" function by coupling more of the output ripple into the comparator input. As can be seen, this is a very simple on-off controller.
  • Another advantage is the inherent frequency jitter. This tends to spread out the EMI, instead of concentrating it at a single frequency.
  • Figure 7 shows the output and gate voltages under a variable load of 80ma to lOOOma.
  • the gate voltage drive changes in amplitude as well as pulse width.
  • Figure 8 shows a closer inspection of the output voltage.
  • the output easily stays in spec during a dynamic load change of 80ma to 1 OOOma at a slew rate of lOOma/us. This is at the end of a standard 0.25 ⁇ USB cable.
  • FIG 9 shows how the current is limited and cable compensation is performed.
  • R15 and R16 are the current sensing elements with U2 "riding on top" of the current sense voltage. Ul-A's non-inverting input is biased by the 1.24 volt reference as well as the output voltage. This provides a current foldback as well as a soft start function. If the returned load current exceeds the threshold, Ul-A's output pulls the reference on Ul- B's inverting input low, turning off the FET. As the output current decreases below the threshold, Ul-A's output turns off, returning control of the FET to Ul-B. As the load current increases from minimum to maximum, the reference voltage seen at Ul-B' s inverting input increases by 50mv/amp. This increase causes the output voltage between Vout+ and Vout- to increase, compensating for the I x R loss of the cable. This effect can be seen in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 shows the output loaded to 80ma and subjected to a 40 volt input surge. As can be seen, the surge is "transparent", having little effect on the output.
  • Figure 11 shows the output loaded to 1 amp while subjected to a 40 volt input surge. The output stays within the spec of 4.75 to 5.25 volts.
  • An alternative construction of the current invention replaces F 1 with a PCB trace fuse to lower cost. Yet another embodiment of the current invention replaces U2 with a 2.5 volt reference to reduce the amount of cable compensation. Another alternative embodiment of the efficient power supply/charger removes all the surge regulator components and replaces Q3 with a more expensive 40 volt FET to save space.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

An electronic circuit that is normally used in a car cigarette lighter adapter is disclosed. It is designed to meet the high performance requirements of the Apple Computer specification for charging iPod and iPhone, while still retaining low cost. The circuit is composed of input protection components, surge regulator, FET switch, inductor-capacitor smoothing filter, gate drive components, voltage regulator, current regulator, current sense element, and voltage reference.

Description

PCT INTERNATIONAL PATENT APPLICATION
FOR
EFFICIENT POWER SUPPLY/CHARGER
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates generally to electrical chargers for electronic devices. More specifically, the present invention relates to vehicle electrical chargers for electronic devices with universal serial buses (USB).
BACKGROUND ART
Since Apple Computer has sold hundreds of millions of iPods, iPhones and iPads, a means to recharge their internal batteries while being used in the car is necessary. This is normally accomplished with a device that plugs into the vehicle's cigarette lighter socket that converts the vehicles loosely regulated voltage of 13.8 volts to the USB standard of 4.75 to 5.25 volts.
Various cabling arrangements are being used from a standard USB cable to different length coil cords. The electronic circuits are typically step-down switching regulators. Most manufacturers of these adapters want to have them certified by Apple Computer as Works With iPhone and/or Made for iPod. To get this certification, the adapter must meet all the requirements of the Apple specification. When marketing a product in such a competitive environment, price is of prime concern.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The efficient power supply/charger of the present invention is a car charger comprising an input protection component, a surge regulator, a voltage controller component, a current limiting component, and a cable compensation component. The voltage controller components further comprises of a power output component and a gate drive.
An object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger capable of charging various electronic devices through their USB ports. A further object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger capable of regulating a surge versus attempting to clamp the surge. Another object of the car charger is to achieve low EMI without the necessity of using any ferrites. Yet another object of the car charger is to provide an efficient car charger that is capable of better response to transients and the capability to spread out EMI over a wider frequency range.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows the complete schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the efficient power supply/charger.
Figure 2 shows the schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the input protection circuit.
Figure 3 shows the schematic diagram of the surge regulator circuit.
Figure 4 shows the schematic diagram of the power output circuit. Figure 5 shows the schematic diagram of the gate drive circuit.
Figure 6 shows the schematic diagram of the voltage controller circuit.
Figure 7 shows the output and gate voltage under a variable load of 80mA to
1000mA.
Figure 8 shows the output voltage during dynamic load change of 80mA to
1000mA.
Figure 9 shows the schematic diagram of the current limiting and cable compensation circuit.
Figure 10 shows the output voltage loaded to 80mA and subjected to a 40V input surge.
Figure 11 shows the output voltage loaded to 1A and subjected to a 40V input surge.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The following description and figures are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting. Other embodiments of this invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of this description.
The preferred way to construct the invention is shown in Figure 1. Vout+ and Vout- can be connected directly to a USB or other type of connector, or connected to a cable. Vin+ and Gnd are normally connected to a positive tip spring and ground clip. In the preferred embodiment, the efficient power supply/charger comprises an input protection component, a surge regulator, a voltage controller component, a current limiting component, and a cable compensation component. The voltage controller components further comprises of a power output component and a gate drive. Figure 2 shows the input protection components comprised of Fl, C2, and D3. Fl provides protection to the vehicle's electrical system in case of a shorted part inside the adapter. A 2 amp PTC is shown, but any other type of fuse could be used, including a PCB trace fuse, which would be the lowest possible cost. C2 is a luF capacitor used to provide a small amount of filtering. D3 is used to provide reverse input voltage protection.
Figure 3 shows the surge regulator comprised of Q4, Q2, Q5, Z2, R7, R17, R18, and R19. Normally, the adapter input current flows through Q4, which is biased on by R17 and R19. If the input voltage surge rises above 27 volts, Z2 starts to conduct current into the base of Q2. This causes Q2 to pull base current out of Q5. As Q5 starts to turn on, the gate to source voltage of Q4 is reduced to its linear operating region, regulating the output to a little less than 28 volts. During the Apple specified 40v, 16ms surge, repeated 5 times, the power dissipated in Q4 is the input current x the 12 volts across it. Worse case scenario testing has shown Q4 can survive with more than 1 amp passing through it.
The present invention has the benefit of regulating the surge, versus trying to clamp it to less than 30 volts using traditional parts and methods. Traditional parts would have to be very large and expensive, severely limiting the size of the enclosure and marketability. Using higher voltage parts, like most products do, is considerably more expensive.
Figure 4 shows the power output stage made from Q3, CI, C3, LI, D2, C5, and R2. When Q3 is turned on, the input voltage causes a current to start ramping up through LI, which charges C3. As Q3 is turned off, the reverse voltage caused by the collapsing magnetic field of LI, is clamped by D2. An R-C snubbing network is comprised of C5 and R2 to reduce EMI. Figure 5 shows the gate drive circuit made from R12, R13, D1, and Ql. When Ul-B is off (open collector) the FET's gate to source voltage is held to less than 0.6 volts by R13 and Ql . As Ul-B turns on, Ql is turned off by Dl and R12 slowly pulls the gate voltage down, turning on the FET.
Careful control of the gate drive to the FET is the key to achieving low EMI without having to use any ferrites. Traditional methods switch the FET on and off as quickly as possible for high efficiency. This introduces large amounts of EMI. By turning the FET on slowly, when the current is at a minimum, EMI reduction is achieved. The FET must be turned off quickly, since the current is at a maximum, but this can be easily dealt with by the R-C snubber. The other unique feature of the gate drive circuit is that operation in both the digital and linear regions is possible, depending on the load.
Figure 6 shows how the voltage controller works. Ul-B's inverting input is normally biased at 1.24 volts. The output voltage is controlled by the ratio of Rl 1 to R6. Rl and C6 provide a "speed up" function by coupling more of the output ripple into the comparator input. As can be seen, this is a very simple on-off controller.
Extremely good line and load transient response is difficult to achieve with traditional constant frequency PWM controllers. The on-off controller with conditioned gate drive can respond to transients much better due to its cycle-by-cycle nature.
Another advantage is the inherent frequency jitter. This tends to spread out the EMI, instead of concentrating it at a single frequency.
Figure 7 shows the output and gate voltages under a variable load of 80ma to lOOOma. As can be seen, the gate voltage drive changes in amplitude as well as pulse width. Figure 8 shows a closer inspection of the output voltage. As can be seen, the output easily stays in spec during a dynamic load change of 80ma to 1 OOOma at a slew rate of lOOma/us. This is at the end of a standard 0.25 Ω USB cable.
Figure 9 shows how the current is limited and cable compensation is performed. R15 and R16 are the current sensing elements with U2 "riding on top" of the current sense voltage. Ul-A's non-inverting input is biased by the 1.24 volt reference as well as the output voltage. This provides a current foldback as well as a soft start function. If the returned load current exceeds the threshold, Ul-A's output pulls the reference on Ul- B's inverting input low, turning off the FET. As the output current decreases below the threshold, Ul-A's output turns off, returning control of the FET to Ul-B. As the load current increases from minimum to maximum, the reference voltage seen at Ul-B' s inverting input increases by 50mv/amp. This increase causes the output voltage between Vout+ and Vout- to increase, compensating for the I x R loss of the cable. This effect can be seen in Figure 8.
Figure 10 shows the output loaded to 80ma and subjected to a 40 volt input surge. As can be seen, the surge is "transparent", having little effect on the output.
Figure 11 shows the output loaded to 1 amp while subjected to a 40 volt input surge. The output stays within the spec of 4.75 to 5.25 volts.
An alternative construction of the current invention replaces F 1 with a PCB trace fuse to lower cost. Yet another embodiment of the current invention replaces U2 with a 2.5 volt reference to reduce the amount of cable compensation. Another alternative embodiment of the efficient power supply/charger removes all the surge regulator components and replaces Q3 with a more expensive 40 volt FET to save space.
Additional embodiment of the efficient power supply/charger use R15 and R16 with different values to achieve different current limiting and cable compensation characteristics.
Although the invention has been described in terms of particular embodiments and applications, one of ordinary skill in the art, in light of this teaching, can generate additional embodiments and modifications without departing from the spirit of or exceeding the scope of the claimed invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the drawings and descriptions herein are proffered by way of example to facilitate comprehension of the invention and should not be construed to limit the scope thereof.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:
1. An efficient power supply/charger comprising:
an input protection component;
a surge regulator;
a voltage controller component;
a current limiting component; and
a cable compensation component.
2. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 1 wherein said voltage controller component further comprises of a power output component and a gate drive.
3. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 1 wherein said input protection component comprises of a 2 amp PTC.
4. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 1 wherein said input protection component comprises of a PCT trace fuse.
. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 1 wherein said input protection component comprises of a 1 uF capacitor.
6. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 2 wherein said power output component comprises of a R-C snubbing network to reduce EMI.
7. An efficient power supply/charger comprising:
an input protection means;
a surge regulation means;
a voltage controlling means;
a current limiting means; and
a cable compensation means.
8. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 7 wherein said voltage controlling means further comprises of a power output means and a gate drive.
9. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 7 wherein said input protection means comprises of a 2 amp PTC.
10. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 7 wherein said input protection means comprises of a PCT trace fuse.
11. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 7 wherein said input protection means comprises of a 1 uF capacitor.
12. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 8 wherein said power output means comprises of a R-C snubbing network to reduce EMI.
13. An efficient power supply/charger comprising:
an input protection means;
a surge regulation means;
a power output means;
a gate drive;
a current limiting means; and
a cable compensation means.
14. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 13 wherein said input protection means comprises of a 2 amp PTC.
15. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 13 wherein said input protection means comprises of a PCT trace fuse.
16. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 13 wherein said input protection means comprises of a 1 uF capacitor.
17. An efficient power supply/charger as in claim 13 wherein said power output means comprises of a R-C snubbing network to reduce EMI.
PCT/US2010/045044 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Efficient power supply/charger WO2012021128A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2010/045044 WO2012021128A1 (en) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Efficient power supply/charger

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2010/045044 WO2012021128A1 (en) 2010-08-10 2010-08-10 Efficient power supply/charger

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012021128A1 true WO2012021128A1 (en) 2012-02-16

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103914015A (en) * 2014-03-21 2014-07-09 航天科技控股集团股份有限公司 Monostable control signal output anti-jamming unit and method of power module of automobile electronic equipment
WO2015113344A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-08-06 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 Battery charging apparatus and battery charging protection control method
US10211656B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2019-02-19 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Power adapter, terminal, and method for processing exception of charging loop

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US20050088141A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-28 Kyung-Sang Lee Portable charger for mobile phone
US20050270164A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Mcdonald James N Jr Electrical protection device & method for a communication circuit
US20060158127A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-20 Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. Active damping control for a switch mode power supply
US20080036418A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2008-02-14 Simoes Felipe O Portable battery charger
US20080150617A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 International Business Machines Corporation Voltage Pump Circuit with an Oxide Stress Control Mechanism for use in High-Voltage Applications in an Integrated Circuit
US20090279225A1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-11-12 Morrish Andrew J Current limiting surge protection device

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080036418A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2008-02-14 Simoes Felipe O Portable battery charger
US20050088141A1 (en) * 2003-10-10 2005-04-28 Kyung-Sang Lee Portable charger for mobile phone
US20050270164A1 (en) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-08 Mcdonald James N Jr Electrical protection device & method for a communication circuit
US20060158127A1 (en) * 2004-12-28 2006-07-20 Monolithic Power Systems, Inc. Active damping control for a switch mode power supply
US20080150617A1 (en) * 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 International Business Machines Corporation Voltage Pump Circuit with an Oxide Stress Control Mechanism for use in High-Voltage Applications in an Integrated Circuit
US20090279225A1 (en) * 2008-04-16 2009-11-12 Morrish Andrew J Current limiting surge protection device

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015113344A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2015-08-06 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 Battery charging apparatus and battery charging protection control method
US10211656B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2019-02-19 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Power adapter, terminal, and method for processing exception of charging loop
US10461561B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2019-10-29 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Battery charging apparatus and battery charging protection control method
US11545843B2 (en) 2014-01-28 2023-01-03 Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. Battery charging apparatus and battery charging protection control method
CN103914015A (en) * 2014-03-21 2014-07-09 航天科技控股集团股份有限公司 Monostable control signal output anti-jamming unit and method of power module of automobile electronic equipment

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