WO2012014607A1 - 近赤外反射フィルム及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 - Google Patents
近赤外反射フィルム及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012014607A1 WO2012014607A1 PCT/JP2011/064380 JP2011064380W WO2012014607A1 WO 2012014607 A1 WO2012014607 A1 WO 2012014607A1 JP 2011064380 W JP2011064380 W JP 2011064380W WO 2012014607 A1 WO2012014607 A1 WO 2012014607A1
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- film
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- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H bis(4,5-dioxo-1,3,2-dioxalumolan-2-yl) oxalate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZCLVNIZJEKLGFA-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- WVMYSOZCZHQCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(sulfanylidene)zirconium Chemical compound S=[Zr]=S WVMYSOZCZHQCSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical class C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUIQMPLLYXZKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-J butanoate pentane-2,4-dione zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CC(=O)CC(C)=O HUIQMPLLYXZKTI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DZBZPOBRWKJBMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L butanoate;octadecanoate;zirconium(2+) Chemical compound [Zr+2].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O DZBZPOBRWKJBMH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HSVPRYWNEODRGU-UHFFFAOYSA-J butanoate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O HSVPRYWNEODRGU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WPCPXPTZTOMGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-K di(butanoyloxy)alumanyl butanoate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O.CCCC([O-])=O WPCPXPTZTOMGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RPUZVWKKWXPKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O.OP([O-])([O-])=O RPUZVWKKWXPKIP-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- GWWKZPLMVIATIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromozirconium Chemical compound Br[Zr]Br GWWKZPLMVIATIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloridooxygen Chemical compound ClOCl RCJVRSBWZCNNQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical group OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical group CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COSHNDIHSFYGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluorozirconium Chemical compound F[Zr]F COSHNDIHSFYGTR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(oxo)titanium;lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])=O NKZSPGSOXYXWQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910001940 europium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007765 extrusion coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N n-[(2r,3r)-1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl]tetracosanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BPLYVSYSBPLDOA-GYOJGHLZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013041 optical simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003961 organosilicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J oxalate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DAWBXZHBYOYVLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-propan-2-yl azepane-1-carbothioate Chemical compound CC(C)SC(=O)N1CCCCCC1 LMHHRCOWPQNFTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013464 silicone adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012798 spherical particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXKRWVMEUQBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.OS(O)(=O)=O TXKRWVMEUQBFSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002029 synthetic silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFURYIUEZSWQQB-UHFFFAOYSA-F tetrapotassium;zirconium(4+);tetrasulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QFURYIUEZSWQQB-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRXSRLDSHFGLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluorozirconium Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Zr+3] SRXSRLDSHFGLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- BPVKTQRLRAVYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-K triiodozirconium Chemical compound [Zr+3].[I-].[I-].[I-] BPVKTQRLRAVYEX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- IIBYPFWXQQDGFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)NC(=O)C(C)=C IIBYPFWXQQDGFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2-methyl-2-(prop-2-enoylamino)propyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C LMRVIBGXKPAZLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-methyl-3-(prop-2-enoylamino)butyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C GHVWODLSARFZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical class [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000166 zirconium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Zr](F)(F)F OMQSJNWFFJOIMO-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YRDBVAQLYFVSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K zirconium(3+);tribromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Zr+3] YRDBVAQLYFVSFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B zirconium(4+);tetraphosphate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LEHFSLREWWMLPU-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 1
- PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K zirconium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)Cl PFXYQVJESZAMSV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- XLMQAUWIRARSJG-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(iv) iodide Chemical compound [Zr+4].[I-].[I-].[I-].[I-] XLMQAUWIRARSJG-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/08—Mirrors
- G02B5/0816—Multilayer mirrors, i.e. having two or more reflecting layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/26—Reflecting filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a near-infrared reflective film that can be increased in area at low cost and has excellent optical characteristics and film properties.
- Energy saving technology is attracting attention by minimizing the electrical energy of the cooling operation by suppressing the temperature rise caused by the heat radiation energy of sunlight entering the room through the window glass.
- a laminated film in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated with the same optical film thickness has a property of selectively reflecting a specific wavelength. Therefore, as a heat ray shielding film used for a window or a vehicle member, use of a laminated film having selective reflectivity that transmits visible light and selectively reflects near infrared rays has been attempted.
- a film is formed by a wet film forming method such as solution coating, there are advantages that the manufacturing cost is low and the area is relatively easily increased.
- a laminated film is produced by a wet film forming method, it is difficult to produce industrially from the viewpoint that it is difficult to increase the area and cost when the number of layers is large.
- the high refractive index layer, the low refractive index layer and the like are formed by containing an inorganic oxide.
- an organic-inorganic hybrid film is formed with a composition mainly composed of titanium oxide fine particles, an organic silicon compound, and a polyfunctional acrylic compound.
- these films particularly when formed on a film, lack flexibility and are liable to bend or crack.
- a reflective film having good optical performance is provided with a difference in refractive index, the film is refracted.
- the content of the hard inorganic oxide necessary for rate control must be increased, and it has been difficult to obtain a flexible film.
- Patent Document 1 has a film-forming body containing rutile-type titanium oxide fine particles, a binder made of an organosilicon compound, and air
- Patent Document 2 has a high refractive index layer made of a resin layer containing inorganic particles.
- a near-infrared reflective film having good performance by giving a difference in the refractive index of each layer and at the same time hardly causing bending or cracking, and a near-infrared reflective film provided with the same are provided. It is to obtain a reflector.
- the inventors of the present application have found that flexibility is improved by making the membrane itself hydrated and by configuring each additive to form a network of OH hydrogen bonds.
- a near-infrared reflective film comprising a metal oxide in at least one layer, and polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer in at least one of the two adjacent layers.
- a near-infrared reflector wherein the near-infrared reflective film according to any one of 1 to 5 is provided on at least one surface of a substrate.
- a near-infrared reflective film having a multilayer film in which films having different refractive indexes are laminated on a film, wherein the refractive index difference between at least two adjacent layers is 0.3 or more, and the two adjacent layers
- An optical film comprising a metal oxide in at least one layer and polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer in at least one of the two adjacent layers.
- a near-infrared reflective film having improved flexibility by making the film itself constituting the reflective film hydrated and forming each component so as to form a network of OH hydrogen bonds, and a near red provided with the same An external reflector could be obtained.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention has a multilayer film in which films having different refractive indexes are laminated on a polymer film, has a visible light region transmittance of 50% or more as shown in JIS R3106-1998, and , The region having a wavelength exceeding 900% to 1400 nm has a reflectance exceeding 40%.
- various resin films can be used, such as polyolefin films (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyester films (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, etc. Can be used, and a polyester film is preferable.
- a polyester film but it does not specifically limit as a polyester film (henceforth polyester), It is preferable that it is polyester which has the film formation property which has a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main structural components.
- the main component dicarboxylic acid component includes terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid.
- diol component examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like.
- polyesters having these as main components from the viewpoints of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred.
- polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.
- the thickness of the film support used in the present invention is preferably 50 to 300 ⁇ m, particularly 80 to 125 ⁇ m.
- the film support of the present invention may be a laminate of two sheets. In this case, the type may be the same or different.
- At least two adjacent layers have a refractive index difference of 0.3 or more, and at least one of the two adjacent layers contains a metal oxide, Polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer is contained in at least one of the two adjacent layers.
- the refractive index difference is preferably 0.4 or more, more preferably 0.45 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is usually 1.4 or less.
- the preferred refractive index of the high refractive index layer is 1.80 to 2.50, more preferably 1.90 to 2.20.
- the preferable refractive index of the low refractive index layer is 1.10 to 1.60, more preferably 1.30 to 1.50.
- the reflection at the interface between adjacent layers depends on the refractive index difference between the layers, so that the larger this refractive index difference, the higher the reflectance.
- the reflected light is controlled to be strengthened by the phase difference.
- reflectivity can be increased.
- n is the refractive index
- d is the physical film thickness of the layer
- n ⁇ d is the optical film thickness.
- the film thickness of each layer is controlled to control the transmission of visible light and the reflection of near infrared light. That is, the reflectance in a specific wavelength region is increased by the refractive index of each layer, the film thickness of each layer, and the way of stacking each layer.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer may be set to 1.9
- the film thickness may be set to 125 nm
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer may be set to 1.4 and 170 nm.
- the refractive index of the high refractive index layer is set to 1.9
- the film thickness is set to 72 nm
- the refractive index of the low refractive index layer is set to 1.4 and 98 nm. good.
- the infrared region of the incident spectrum of direct sunlight is related to the increase in indoor temperature, and by blocking this, the increase in indoor temperature can be suppressed.
- the cumulative energy ratio from the shortest infrared wavelength (760 nm) to the longest wavelength of 3200 nm based on the weight coefficient described in Japanese Industrial Standards JIS R3106 the entire infrared region from the wavelength of 760 nm to the longest wavelength of 3200 nm is observed.
- the cumulative energy from 760 nm to each wavelength when the total energy is 100 the total energy from 760 to 1300 nm occupies about 75% of the entire infrared region. Therefore, shielding the wavelength region up to 1300 nm has the most efficient energy saving effect by heat ray shielding.
- the reflectance in the near-infrared region (760 to 1300 nm) is about 80% or more at the maximum peak value
- a decrease in the sensory temperature is obtained by sensory evaluation.
- the temperature at the window facing southeast in the morning of August showed a clear difference when the reflectance in the near infrared region was shielded to about 80% at the maximum peak value.
- the reflectance does not reach 60% when the number of stacked layers is 4. However, when there are six layers, a reflectance of about 80% can be obtained.
- the flexibility in the present invention is a measure of how much the optical properties of the film can be kept homogeneous when the film is bent by applying an external stress.
- roll-to-roll such as handling, transportability, and winding are used. It is important in the productivity of rolls, and is indispensable in the degree of freedom of processing such as cutting and pasting at the application stage of the near-infrared reflective film.
- the metal oxide of the present invention is used when constituting the low refractive index layer or the high refractive index layer.
- the metal oxide used for the above purpose include titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, and zinc oxide.
- the average particle size of the metal oxide fine particles is determined by observing the particles themselves or the particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the layer with an electron microscope, measuring the particle size of 1,000 arbitrary particles, and calculating the simple average value (number Average).
- the particle diameter of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.
- metal oxide fine particles it is preferable to use solid fine particles selected from titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and alumina.
- silicon dioxide (silica) is preferably used as the metal oxide, and acidic colloidal silica sol is particularly preferably used.
- silicon dioxide As silicon dioxide (silica) that can be used in the present invention, silica synthesized by an ordinary wet method, colloidal silica, silica synthesized by a gas phase method, or the like is preferably used, but is particularly preferably used in the present invention.
- colloidal silica or fine particle silica synthesized by a gas phase method is preferable.
- fine particle silica synthesized by a gas phase method not only provides a high porosity but also hardly forms a coarse aggregate.
- Alumina or alumina hydrate may be crystalline or amorphous, and any shape such as amorphous particles, spherical particles, and acicular particles can be used.
- the metal oxide fine particles are preferably in a state where the fine particle dispersion is dispersed to the primary particles.
- the metal oxide fine particles preferably have a particle size of 100 nm or less.
- the average particle size (particle size in the dispersion state before coating) of the metal oxide fine particles dispersed in the primary particle state is 100 nm or less. More preferably, it is 4 to 50 nm, and most preferably 4 to 20 nm.
- Aerosil manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd. is commercially available as the silica synthesized by the vapor phase method in which the average particle diameter of primary particles is 4 to 20 nm.
- the vapor phase fine particle silica can be dispersed to primary particles relatively easily by being sucked and dispersed in water, for example, by a jet stream inductor mixer manufactured by Mitamura Riken Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- the colloidal silica preferably used in the present invention is obtained by heating and aging a silica sol obtained by metathesis with an acid of sodium silicate or the like and passing through an ion exchange resin layer.
- a silica sol obtained by metathesis with an acid of sodium silicate or the like passes through an ion exchange resin layer.
- the preferred average particle size of colloidal silica is usually 5 to 100 nm, but an average particle size of 7 to 30 nm is particularly preferable.
- Silica and colloidal silica synthesized by a vapor phase method may be those whose surfaces are cation-modified, or those treated with Al, Ca, Mg, Ba, or the like.
- TiO 2 , ZnO, and ZrO 2 are preferable, and from the viewpoint of the stability of the metal oxide particle-containing composition described later for forming the high refractive index layer.
- TiO 2 titanium dioxide sol
- rutile type is more preferable than anatase type because the high refractive index layer and the adjacent layer have high weather resistance due to low catalytic activity, and the refractive index is high.
- the first step in the production method of rutile type fine particle titanium oxide is at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal hydroxide and an alkaline earth metal hydroxide as the titanium dioxide hydrate. This is a step (Step 1) of treatment with a basic compound.
- Titanium dioxide hydrate can be obtained by hydrolysis of water-soluble titanium compounds such as titanium sulfate and titanium chloride.
- the method of hydrolysis is not particularly limited, and a known method can be applied. Especially, it is preferable that it was obtained by thermal hydrolysis of titanium sulfate.
- the step (1) can be performed, for example, by adding the basic compound to an aqueous suspension of the titanium dioxide hydrate and treating (reacting) it under a predetermined temperature condition for a predetermined time. it can.
- the method for preparing the titanium dioxide hydrate as an aqueous suspension is not particularly limited, and can be performed by adding the titanium dioxide hydrate to water and stirring.
- the concentration of the suspension is not particularly limited.
- the concentration of TiO 2 is 30 to 150 g / L in the suspension. By setting it within the above range, the reaction (treatment) can proceed efficiently.
- the at least one basic compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and alkaline earth metal hydroxides used in the step (1) is not particularly limited. Examples include potassium, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and the like.
- the amount of the basic compound added in the step (1) is preferably 30 to 300 g / L in terms of the basic compound concentration in the reaction (treatment) suspension.
- the above step (1) is preferably performed at a reaction (treatment) temperature of 60 to 120 ° C.
- the reaction (treatment) time varies depending on the reaction (treatment) temperature, but is preferably 2 to 10 hours.
- the reaction (treatment) is preferably performed by adding an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or calcium hydroxide to a suspension of titanium dioxide hydrate. After the reaction (treatment), the reaction (treatment) mixture is cooled, neutralized with an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid as necessary, and then filtered and washed with water to obtain fine particle titanium dioxide hydrate.
- the compound obtained in step (1) may be treated with a carboxylic acid group-containing compound and an inorganic acid.
- the method of treating the compound obtained in the above step (1) with an inorganic acid in the production of rutile type fine particle titanium oxide is a known method, but in addition to the inorganic acid, the particle size is determined using a carboxylic acid group-containing compound. Can be adjusted.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is an organic compound having a —COOH group.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably a polycarboxylic acid having 2 or more, more preferably 2 or more and 4 or less carboxylic acid groups. Since the polycarboxylic acid has a coordination ability to a metal atom, it is presumed that coagulation between fine particles can be suppressed by coordination, and thereby a rutile type fine particle titanium oxide can be suitably obtained.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, propylmalonic acid, and maleic acid; hydroxys such as malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, propylmalonic acid, and maleic acid
- hydroxys such as malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- two or more compounds may be used in combination.
- carboxylic acid group-containing compound may be a neutralized product of an organic compound having a —COOH group (for example, an organic compound having a —COONa group or the like).
- the inorganic acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and the like.
- the inorganic acid may be added so that the concentration in the reaction (treatment) solution is 0.5 to 2.5 mol / L, more preferably 0.8 to 1.4 mol / L.
- the step (2) is preferably performed by suspending the compound obtained in the step (1) in pure water and heating it with stirring as necessary.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound and the inorganic acid may be added simultaneously or sequentially, but it is preferable to add them sequentially.
- the addition may be to add an inorganic acid after the addition of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound, or to add the carboxylic acid group-containing compound after the addition of the inorganic acid.
- a carboxyl group-containing compound is added to the suspension of the compound obtained by the above step (1), heating is started, and the inorganic acid is added when the liquid temperature is 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher. Adding and maintaining the liquid temperature, preferably stirring for 15 minutes to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours (Method 1); heating the suspension of the compound obtained by the above step (1)
- an inorganic acid is added when the liquid temperature is 60 ° C. or higher, preferably 90 ° C. or higher, and a carboxylic acid group-containing compound is added 10 to 15 minutes after the inorganic acid addition, and the liquid temperature is preferably maintained.
- a method of stirring for 15 minutes to 5 hours, more preferably 2 to 3 hours (Method 2).
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably used in an amount of 0.25 to 1.5 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of TiO 2 , and 0.4 to More preferably, it is used at a ratio of 0.8 mol%.
- the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is less than 0.25 mol%, there is a possibility that particle growth proceeds and particles having the target particle size may not be obtained.
- the amount is more than 5 mol%, rutile conversion of the particles does not proceed and anatase particles may be formed.
- the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably used in an amount of 1.6 to 4.0 mol% with respect to 100 mol% of TiO 2 , and is preferably 2.0 to It is more preferable to use it at a ratio of 2.4 mol%.
- the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably 1.6 mol% or more and 4.0 mol% or less for obtaining the target particle size and for promoting the rutile formation of the particles. If the amount is less than 1.6 mol%, particle growth may proceed and particles having the desired particle size may not be obtained. If the amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound added is more than 4.0 mol%, There is a possibility that anatase particles may be formed without progressing rutile formation, and even if the addition amount of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound exceeds 4.0 mol%, the effect is not good, which is economically disadvantageous. .
- the addition of the carboxylic acid group-containing compound is preferably carried out for 10 minutes or more and 15 minutes or less from the addition of the inorganic acid, and if it is carried out in less than 10 minutes, rutile conversion does not proceed and anatase type particles may be formed. If the inorganic acid is added for more than 15 minutes, the particle growth may proceed excessively, and particles having the desired particle size may not be obtained.
- step (2) it is preferable to cool after completion of the reaction (treatment) and further neutralize so that the pH becomes 5.0 to 10.0.
- the neutralization can be performed with an alkaline compound such as an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or aqueous ammonia.
- the target rutile type fine particle titanium oxide can be separated by filtering and washing with water after neutralization.
- titanium oxide fine particles As a method for producing titanium oxide fine particles, a known method described in “Titanium oxide—physical properties and applied technology” (Kagino Kiyono, pp 255-258 (2000) Gihodo Publishing Co., Ltd.) can be used.
- the preferred primary particle diameter of the titanium oxide fine particles is 5 nm to 15 nm, more preferably 6 nm to 10 nm.
- the average particle diameter of the metal oxide according to the present invention is such that the particle itself or particles appearing on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer are observed with an electron microscope, and the particle diameter of 1,000 arbitrary particles is measured. It is obtained as a simple average value (number average).
- the particle diameter of each particle is represented by a diameter assuming a circle equal to the projected area.
- colloidal silica composite emulsion can also be used as a metal oxide in the low refractive index layer.
- the colloidal silica composite emulsion preferably used in the present invention has a central part of a particle mainly composed of a polymer or copolymer, and is described in JP-A-59-71316 and JP-A-60-127371. It is obtained by polymerizing a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond in the presence of colloidal silica which has been conventionally known by an emulsion polymerization method.
- the particle diameter of colloidal silica applied to the composite emulsion is preferably less than 40 nm.
- the colloidal silica used for the preparation of this composite emulsion usually includes primary particles of 2 to 100 nm.
- the ethylenic monomer include (meth) acrylic acid ester having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, aryl group, or allyl group, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride. , Vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, acrylamide, N-methylol acrylamide, ethylene, butadiene, and other materials known in the latex industry, and if necessary, vinyl trimethoate is used to improve compatibility with colloidal silica.
- Vinyl silanes such as oxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -methacrylooxypropyltrimethoxysilane, etc. are also used to stabilize the dispersion of (meth) acrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid.
- Anionic monomers such as -Is used as an auxiliary agent.
- two or more types of ethylenic monomers can be used together as necessary.
- the ratio of ethylenic monomer / colloidal silica in the emulsion polymerization is preferably 100/1 to 200 in terms of solid content.
- colloidal silica composite emulsions used in the present invention those having a glass transition point in the range of ⁇ 30 to 30 ° C. are preferable.
- compositions include ethylenic monomers such as acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters, and particularly preferred are copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid esters and styrene, alkyl (meth) acrylates.
- ethylenic monomers such as acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters
- copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid esters and styrene, alkyl (meth) acrylates examples thereof include a copolymer of ester and (meth) acrylic acid aralkyl ester, and a (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester and (meth) acrylic acid aryl ester copolymer.
- emulsifiers used in emulsion polymerization include alkyl allyl polyether sulfonic acid soda salt, lauryl sulfonic acid soda salt, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid soda salt, polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether sodium nitrate salt, alkyl allyl sulfosuccinate soda salt, sulfo Examples include propyl maleic acid monoalkyl ester soda salt.
- Preferred particle diameters are 10 nm or less for primary particles and 30 nm or less for secondary particles, and have low haze and excellent visible light permeability.
- the layer containing these inorganic oxide fine particles according to the present invention or a layer adjacent thereto is formed by coating at least one layer using polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer as a binder, at least one of which is a known acrylic type It may be applied and formed using a resin such as a resin or a polyester resin, or a cured resin composition containing a polyfunctional acrylic compound as a main component.
- the content of the metal oxide is preferably 50% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and more preferably 60% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less for each layer.
- the content of the metal oxide is set to 50% by mass or more, it becomes easy to increase the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, and the content of the metal oxide is set to 95% by mass or less. This makes it easy to form a near-infrared reflective film without the film becoming brittle.
- At least one of two adjacent layers contains a metal oxide, and at least one of the two adjacent layers contains polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer.
- the containing layer itself is hydrated, and the component of the layer, the metal oxide surface, or the polyvinyl alcohol forms a hydrogen bond network of OH, thereby improving flexibility.
- the polyvinyl alcohol used in the present invention includes, in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate, modified polyvinyl alcohol such as polyvinyl alcohol having a terminal cation modified or anion modified polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group. Is also included.
- the polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing vinyl acetate preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,000 or more, and particularly preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,500 to 5,000.
- the degree of saponification is preferably 70 to 100%, particularly preferably 80 to 99.5%.
- Examples of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol have primary to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups in the main chain or side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-61-10383.
- Polyvinyl alcohol which is obtained by saponifying a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group and vinyl acetate.
- Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group include trimethyl- (2-acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethyl) ammonium chloride and trimethyl- (3-acrylamido-3,3-dimethylpropyl) ammonium chloride.
- the ratio of the cation-modified group-containing monomer of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol is 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 5 mol%, relative to vinyl acetate.
- Anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol is, for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group as described in JP-A-1-206088, as described in JP-A-61-237681 and JP-A-63-307979, Examples thereof include a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a vinyl compound having a water-soluble group, and modified polyvinyl alcohol having a water-soluble group as described in JP-A-7-285265.
- Nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohols include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol derivatives obtained by adding a polyalkylene oxide group to a part of vinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-7-9758, and described in JP-A-8-25795. And a block copolymer of a vinyl compound having a hydrophobic group and vinyl alcohol.
- Polyvinyl alcohol can be used in combination of two or more, such as the degree of polymerization and the type of modification.
- the weight average molecular weight is preferably 1,000 or more and 200,000 or less. Furthermore, 3,000 or more and 40,000 or less are more preferable. If it is less than 1,000, the film formability is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 200,000, problems such as an increase in viscosity tend to occur.
- polyvinyl alcohol and other water-soluble binders can be used in combination.
- water-soluble binders that can be used in combination include gelatin, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, and polyurethane. Dextran, dextrin, color ginane ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , etc.), agar, pullulan, water-soluble polyvinyl butyral, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like. Two or more of these water-soluble binders can be used in combination.
- particularly preferable examples include polyvinylpyrrolidones and copolymers containing the same.
- the weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble binder is preferably 1,000 or more and 200,000 or less. Furthermore, 3,000 or more and 40,000 or less are more preferable. If it is less than 1,000, the film formability is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 200,000, the problem of an increase in viscosity tends to occur.
- the addition amount of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 10% by mass or more and 200% by mass or less with respect to the dissolved polyvinyl alcohol. If it is less than 10% by mass, the effect of suppressing the growth and aggregation of pigment particles is reduced, and if it exceeds 200% by mass, problems such as an increase in viscosity and poor dissolution tend to occur.
- the curing agent that can be used together with polyvinyl alcohol is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with polyvinyl alcohol, but boric acid and its salts are preferable, but other known ones are used. Generally, it is a compound having a group capable of reacting with polyvinyl alcohol or a compound that promotes the reaction between different groups of polyvinyl alcohol, and is appropriately selected and used.
- the curing agent include, for example, epoxy curing agents (diglycidyl ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-diglycidyl cyclohexane, N, N-diglycidyl- 4-glycidyloxyaniline, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, etc.), aldehyde curing agents (formaldehyde, glioxal, etc.), active halogen curing agents (2,4-dichloro-4-hydroxy-1,3,5) -S-triazine, etc.), active vinyl compounds (1,3,5-trisacryloyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bisvinylsulfonylmethyl ether, etc.), boric acid or a salt thereof, aluminum alum, and the like.
- epoxy curing agents digly
- Boric acid or a salt thereof refers to an oxygen acid having a boron atom as a central atom and a salt thereof, specifically, orthoboric acid, diboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, pentaboric acid, and octaboron. Examples include acids and their salts.
- Boric acid having a boron atom and a salt thereof as a curing agent may be used alone or in a mixture of two or more. Particularly preferred is a mixed aqueous solution of boric acid and borax.
- Boric acid and its salt are preferable because they form a network by hydrogen bonding with polyvinyl alcohol or metal oxide (especially titanium oxide).
- aqueous solutions of boric acid and borax can be added only in relatively dilute aqueous solutions, respectively, but by mixing them both can be made into a concentrated aqueous solution and the coating solution can be concentrated. Further, there is an advantage that the pH of the aqueous solution to be added can be controlled relatively freely.
- the total amount of the curing agent used is preferably 1 to 600 mg per gram of polyvinyl alcohol, and preferably 100 to 600 mg per gram of polyvinyl alcohol.
- At least one layer contains a metal oxide, and at least one layer contains polyvinyl alcohol or an inorganic polymer.
- the inorganic polymer examples include an inorganic polymer composed of a metal oxide formed by hydrolytic polycondensation of a metal salt compound capable of hydrolysis polycondensation by a so-called sol-gel method.
- An inorganic polymer formed by hydrolytic polycondensation of a compound containing a zirconium atom or a compound containing an aluminum atom is preferable.
- inorganic polymers also have an effect of containing water in the containing layer itself, as in the case of polyvinyl alcohol, because OH groups generated in the hydrolysis process remain after the polycondensation reaction. Moreover, it is considered that the flexibility is improved because the inorganic polymer forms a network of hydrogen bonds of OH.
- the compound containing a zirconium atom used in the present invention as a precursor of these inorganic polymers include zirconium difluoride, zirconium trifluoride, zirconium tetrafluoride, hexafluorozirconium salt (for example, potassium salt) ), Heptafluorozirconate (for example, sodium salt, potassium salt or ammonium salt), octafluorozirconate (for example, lithium salt), fluorinated zirconium oxide, zirconium dichloride, zirconium trichloride, zirconium tetrachloride, hexachloro Zirconate (for example, sodium salt and potassium salt), zirconium oxychloride (zirconyl chloride), zirconium dibromide, zirconium tribromide, zirconium tetrabromide, zirconium bromide oxide, zirconium triiodide, zircon
- zirconyl carbonate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl nitrate, zirconyl acid chloride, zirconyl lactate and zirconyl citrate are preferable, and zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acid chloride and zirconyl acetate are particularly preferable.
- Specific trade names of the above compounds include zirconyl acetate ZA (trade name) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Earth Chemical Co., Ltd., zirconyl oxychloride (trade name) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Earth Chemical Co., Ltd., and the like.
- the compound containing a zirconium atom may be used alone, or two or more different compounds may be used in combination.
- the metal compound containing a zirconium atom is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 g per 1 m 2 , more preferably 0.05 to 2 g, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1 g. is there. Depending on the film thickness of the low refractive index layer or the high refractive index layer to be formed, the amount of use varies.
- Aluminates eg, sodium salts
- aluminum bromides tetrabromoaluminates (eg, potassium salts), aluminum iodide, aluminates (eg, sodium, potassium, calcium salts), aluminum chlorate, Aluminum perchlorate, aluminum thiocyanate, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate (alum), ammonium aluminum sulfate (ammonium alum), sodium aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate Aluminum nitrate, aluminum hydrogen phosphate, aluminum carbonate, aluminum polysulfate silicate, aluminum formate, aluminum acetate, aluminum lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum isopropylate, aluminum butyrate, ethyl acetate aluminum diisopropylate, aluminum tris (acetylacetonate), Aluminum tris (ethyl acetoacetate), aluminum monoacetylacetonate bis (ethyl acetoacetonate), etc.
- aluminum chloride, basic aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, and basic aluminum sulfate silicate are preferable, and basic aluminum chloride and basic aluminum sulfate are most preferable.
- an acid catalyst is preferably added to cause hydrolysis. Accelerate the condensation reaction.
- a layer can be obtained.
- an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or nitric acid
- an organic acid such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, levulinic acid, citric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid or the like
- the base may be added for neutralization after the acid is added and the sol-gel reaction proceeds.
- the content of alkali metal before the drying step is preferably less than 5000 ppm (herein, the alkali metal includes those in an ionic state).
- Lewis acids such as acetates of metals such as germanium, titanium, aluminum, antimony and tin, other organic acid salts, halides and phosphates may be used in combination.
- the hydrolysis polycondensation of the metal compound may be completed in a solution state before coating, or may be completed after coating.
- bicyclo rings such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, DBU (diazabicycloundecene-1), DBN (diazabicyclononene), etc.
- Bases such as amines, ammonia and phosphine can be used.
- acid and base treatments may be used in combination several times.
- the catalyst may be neutralized, or the volatile catalyst may be removed under reduced pressure, or may be removed by separation water washing or the like.
- the reactive metal compound is dissolved in a solvent, and a water-miscible organic solvent is used as the solvent.
- a volatile solvent is preferable, and it does not react with a reactive metal compound or a catalyst, and does not dissolve the base material or the lower layer, Two or more solvents may be mixed and used.
- water miscible solvents include alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, methoxymethyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, dimethylimidazo Linone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane and the like can be mentioned, and 1,3-dioxolane, ethyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone and acetone are preferred.
- alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, methoxymethyl alcohol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, dimethylimid
- additives can be added to each layer (film) of the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention.
- organic latex fine particles such as polystyrene, polyacrylic acid esters, polymethacrylic acid esters, polyacrylamides, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, or a copolymer thereof, urea resin, or melamine resin .
- surfactants of cation or nonion ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-57-74193, JP-A-57-87988, and JP-A-62-261476, JP-A-57-74192, JP-A-57-87989, JP-A-60-27285, JP-A-61-146591, JP-A-1-95091 and JP-A-3-13376, etc., and JP-A-59-42993, JP-A-59-52689, JP-A-62.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is formed by coating each constituent layer including a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, either individually or at the same time, from a known coating method, and drying on a support.
- a coating method include a roll coating method, a rod bar coating method, an air knife coating method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, or US Pat. Nos. 2,761,419 and 2,761,791.
- a slide bead coating method using an hopper, an extrusion coating method, or the like is preferably used.
- the viscosity of each coating solution at the time of simultaneous multilayer coating is preferably in the range of 5 to 100 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably in the range of 10 to 50 mPa ⁇ s.
- the range of 5 to 1200 mPa ⁇ s is preferable, and the range of 25 to 500 mPa ⁇ s is more preferable.
- the viscosity of the coating solution at 15 ° C. is preferably 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, more preferably 100 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s, still more preferably 3,000 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s, and most preferably 10 , 30,000 to 30,000 mPa ⁇ s.
- the coating liquid is heated to 30 ° C. or higher and coated, and then the temperature of the formed coating film is once cooled to 1 to 15 ° C. and dried at 10 ° C. or higher. More preferably, the drying conditions are a wet bulb temperature of 5 to 50 ° C. and a film surface temperature of 10 to 50 ° C. Moreover, as a cooling method immediately after application
- the near-infrared reflective film according to the present invention should be stored after being overcoated and dried, stored in a roll, or cut into a sheet. Is preferred. Storage at 30 ° C. or higher for a certain period of time, for example, 1 day to 1 month, helps to reduce coating unevenness. Preferred storage conditions are 30 to 50 ° C. and 1 to 30 days.
- the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of fields. For example, pasting to facilities exposed to sunlight for a long time such as outdoor windows of buildings and automobile windows, film for window pasting such as heat ray reflecting film to give heat ray reflecting effect, film for agricultural greenhouse, etc. Used mainly for the purpose of improving weather resistance.
- the near-infrared reflective film according to the present invention is suitable for a member that is bonded to glass or a glass substitute resin base material directly or via an adhesive.
- the adhesive so that the near-infrared reflective film is on the sunlight (heat ray) incident surface side when pasted on a window glass or the like. Further, when the near-infrared reflective film is sandwiched between the window glass and the base material, it can be sealed from ambient gas such as moisture, which is preferable for durability. Even if the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is installed outdoors or outside the vehicle (for external application), it is preferable because of environmental durability.
- an adhesive mainly composed of a photocurable or thermosetting resin can be used.
- the adhesive preferably has durability against ultraviolet rays, and is preferably an acrylic adhesive or a silicone adhesive. Furthermore, an acrylic adhesive is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesive properties and cost. In particular, since the peel strength can be easily controlled, a solvent system is preferable among the solvent system and the emulsion system in the acrylic adhesive. When a solution polymerization polymer is used as the acrylic solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, known monomers can be used as the monomer.
- a polyvinyl butyral resin or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin used as an intermediate layer of laminated glass may be used.
- plastic polyvinyl butyral manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Monsanto Co., Ltd.
- ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer manufactured by DuPont Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., duramin]
- Example 1 (Sample 1-Comparative example) A ZrO 2 film (thickness 135 nm) as a high refractive index layer and a SiO 2 film (175 nm) as a low refractive index layer were produced on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (thickness 125 ⁇ m) by a known sputtering method.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- Example 2-Comparative example A TIO 2 film (thickness 135 nm) as a high refractive index layer and a SiO 2 film (175 nm) as a low refractive index layer were formed on PET by a known sputtering method.
- Example 3-Comparative example As a high refractive index layer on PET, 100 parts of zirconia sol (Nanouse ZR30-AR manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries) and 20 parts of acrylic latex (TOCRYL X-4454 manufactured by Toyo Ink) were applied with a wire bar to a dry film thickness of 135 nm. .
- Example 4-Comparative Example As a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of rutile type titanium oxide fine particles (55N made by Ishihara Sangyo) and 15 parts acrylic latex (TOCRYL X-4454 made by Toyo Ink) were coated on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 135 nm. .
- a low refractive index layer 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) and 10 parts of acrylic latex (Toyo Ink TOCRYL X-4454) were coated on the PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 5-Comparative Example As a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo) and 11 parts of acrylic latex (TOCRYL X-4454 manufactured by Toyo Ink) were applied with a wire bar as a high refractive index layer with a dry film thickness of 135 nm. .
- a low refractive index layer 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) and 10 parts of acrylic latex (Toyo Ink TOCRYL X-4454) were coated on the PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 6 Comparative Example
- rutile type titanium oxide fine particles 55N made by Ishihara Sangyo
- acrylic latex TOCRYL X-4454 made by Toyo Ink
- a low-refractive index layer 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Snowtex OS) and 5 parts of acrylic latex (Toyo Ink TOCRYL X-4454) were coated on the PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 7-Invention As a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of zirconia sol (Nanouse ZR30-AR, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries) and 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203, manufactured by Kuraray) were coated on the PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 135 nm.
- zirconia sol Nanouse ZR30-AR, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries
- PVA203 polyvinyl alcohol
- polyvinyl alcohol As a low refractive index layer, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) was applied on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 8 As a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of zirconia sol (Nanouse ZR30-AR, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries) and 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203, manufactured by Kuraray) were coated on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 135 nm.
- zirconia sol Nanouse ZR30-AR, manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries
- PVA203 polyvinyl alcohol
- polyvinyl alcohol As a low refractive index layer, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) was applied on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 9-Invention On PET, as a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo) and 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203 manufactured by Kuraray) were applied with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 135 nm.
- rutile titanium oxide fine particles 55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo
- PVA203 manufactured by Kuraray polyvinyl alcohol
- polyvinyl alcohol As a low refractive index layer, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) was applied on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 10-present invention On PET, as a high refractive index layer, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo) and 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203 manufactured by Kuraray) were applied with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 135 nm.
- rutile titanium oxide fine particles 55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo
- PVA203 manufactured by Kuraray polyvinyl alcohol
- a low refractive index layer 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) and 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) were coated with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 11-Invention As a high refractive index layer on PET, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo) and 60 parts of an inorganic polymer (Zircosol ZC-2 manufactured by 1st Rare Element Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) have a dry film thickness of 135 nm. It was applied with a wire bar.
- polyvinyl alcohol As a low refractive index layer, 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) was applied on PET with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 12-the present invention As a high refractive index layer on PET, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo) and 60 parts of an inorganic polymer (Zircosol ZC-2 manufactured by 1st Rare Element Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) have a dry film thickness of 135 nm. It was applied with a wire bar.
- a low refractive index layer 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) and 12 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203) were coated with a wire bar so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- Example 13-Invention As a high refractive index layer on PET, 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N made by Ishihara Sangyo), 10 parts polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203 made by Kuraray), and 0.5 parts epoxy compound 1 (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) are dried. The film was coated with a wire bar so as to have a film thickness of 135 nm, and a crosslinking reaction was performed at 3000 mJ using a commercially available UV curing lamp.
- rutile titanium oxide fine particles 55N made by Ishihara Sangyo
- PVA203 polyvinyl alcohol
- epoxy compound 1 ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether
- colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) 100 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 12 parts (Kuraray PVA203), epoxy compound 1 0.6 parts, dry film thickness 175 nm It apply
- Example 14 As a high refractive index layer on PET, a wire bar is used so that 100 parts of rutile titanium oxide fine particles (55N made by Ishihara Sangyo), 8 parts polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203 made by Kuraray), and 0.4 parts boric acid have a dry film thickness of 135 nm. It was applied with.
- rutile titanium oxide fine particles 55N made by Ishihara Sangyo
- PVA203 polyvinyl alcohol
- boric acid boric acid
- colloidal silica As a low-refractive index layer on PET, 100 parts of colloidal silica (Nissan Snowtex OS), 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (Kuraray PVA203), 0.5 parts of boric acid are used so that the dry film thickness is 175 nm. It was applied with.
- the titania fine particle liquid 1 was prepared by the following known method. Treated with base and suspended titanium chloride in water at 30 g / L, added 0.7 mol% of citric acid to titanium oxide, heated to 90 ° C. at 10 ° C./min, and added hydrochloric acid 30 g / L And stirred for 2.5 hours. After cooling, 5 mol% of lysine was added to titanium oxide, and the pH was adjusted to 3 with sodium hydroxide to prepare titania fine particle liquid 1.
- colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Snowtex OS) 100 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 10 parts (Kuraray PVA203), boric acid 0.5 parts, inorganic polymer (1st Rare Element Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 3 parts of Zircozole ZC-2) manufactured by the same company were applied with a wire bar to a dry film thickness of 175 nm.
- sample evaluation With respect to the obtained samples 1 to 15, the refractive index of the single film sample was measured. Further, laminated samples in which six layers of high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers were alternately laminated on PET were prepared for each of samples 1 to 15, and the spectral reflection spectrum was measured, and the near infrared region around 1200 nm was measured. It was confirmed to have reflection. Flexibility evaluation was performed on this laminated sample.
- a single film of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer is formed on PET, and an optical thin film analyzer such as a spectroscopic ellipsometer (for example, JOVIN YVON) is used to measure a value for a wavelength of 589 nm (Na D line). did.
- an optical thin film analyzer such as a spectroscopic ellipsometer (for example, JOVIN YVON) is used to measure a value for a wavelength of 589 nm (Na D line).
- the reflectance change amount before and after the bending test (reflectance% before the bending test ⁇ reflectance% after the bending test) of the reflectance of 1200 nm was compared to obtain an evaluation value of flexibility.
- a crack is generated in the coating film, or white turbidity occurs, and the reflectance of a sample having a poor flexibility is changed.
- the smaller the value in the table the less the change in reflectance and the better the flexibility.
- Table 1 shows the refractive index difference of the single layer sample and the results of the flexibility evaluation of the laminated sample. As is clear from the results in the table, it can be seen that the sample satisfying the present invention can achieve both the refractive index difference and flexibility.
- PVA Polyvinyl alcohol Example 2 Using the configuration of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer of Sample 15, adjust the physical film thickness so that the optical film thickness is 230 nm for each component layer, and observe the number of layers and the characteristics of the spectral reflection spectrum did. All have near-infrared absorption with a maximum of 1200 nm from around 900 nm to around 1700 nm. In the case of four layers each, the reflectance is about 40% in the maximum region of 1200 nm, while in the case of six layers, the reflectance is 80%. It was confirmed that near infrared rays can be cut sufficiently with the configuration of the present invention.
- Example 3 [Preparation of near-infrared reflector 1] A near-infrared reflector 1 was produced using the near-infrared reflective film of Sample 8 produced in Example 1. A near-infrared reflective film 1 was prepared by adhering the near-infrared reflective film of Sample 8 with an acrylic adhesive on a transparent acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 5 mm and 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm.
- a near-infrared reflector 2 was prepared using the near-infrared reflective film of Sample 12 described in Example 1. Two plate glasses with a thickness of 2 mm and 20 cm ⁇ 20 cm are prepared, and a laminate in which polyvinyl butyral with a thickness of 0.5 mm is arranged on both sides of the near-infrared reflective film of Sample 8 is sandwiched between the two glasses.
- the near-infrared reflector 2 which is a laminated glass was produced by performing pressure heating treatment.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、高分子フィルムに互いに屈折率が異なる膜を積層させた多層膜を有し、JIS R3106-1998で示される可視光領域の透過率が50%以上で、かつ、波長900nm~1400nmの領域に反射率40%を超える領域を有する。
本発明においては、少なくとも隣接した2層(高屈折率層及び低屈折率層)の屈折率差が0.3以上、且つ、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層に金属酸化物を含み、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層にポリビニルアルコールまたは無機ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする。屈折率差は、好ましくは0.4以上であり、更に好ましくは0.45以上である。また、上限には特に制限はないが通常1.4以下である。
本発明における柔軟性とは、フィルムに外部応力を与えて屈曲した場合、どれ位フィルムの光学特性を均質に保てるかの尺度であり、製造段階では、ハンドリング、輸送性、巻き取りといった、ロールツウロールの生産性において重要であり、また近赤外反射フィルムの適用段階では、切り貼り等の加工の自由度において欠かせないものである。
本発明の金属酸化物は、上記低屈折率層、または高屈折率層を構成するときに用いられ、上記の目的で使用される金属酸化物としては、例えば、二酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化亜鉛、合成非晶質シリカ、コロイダルシリカ、アルミナ、コロイダルアルミナ、チタン酸鉛、鉛丹、黄鉛、亜鉛黄、酸化クロム、酸化第二鉄、鉄黒、酸化銅、酸化マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、チタン酸ストロンチウム、酸化イットリウム、酸化ニオブ、酸化ユーロピウム、酸化ランタン、ジルコン、酸化スズ、等を挙げることができる。
本発明で用いることのできる二酸化珪素(シリカ)としては、通常の湿式法で合成されたシリカ、コロイダルシリカ或いは気相法で合成されたシリカ等が好ましく用いられるが、本発明において特に好ましく用いられる微粒子シリカとしては、コロイダルシリカまたは気相法で合成された微粒子シリカが好ましく、中でも気相法により合成された微粒子シリカは、高い空隙率が得られるだけでなく、粗大凝集体が形成されにくいので好ましい。また、アルミナまたはアルミナ水和物は、結晶性であっても非晶質であってもよく、また不定形粒子、球状粒子、針状粒子など任意の形状のものを使用することができる。
二酸化チタンゾルの製造方法
ルチル型微粒子酸化チタンの製造方法における第1の工程は、二酸化チタン水和物をアルカリ金属の水酸化物及びアルカリ土類金属の水酸化物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の塩基性化合物で処理する工程(工程1)である。
本発明においては、少なくとも隣接した2層のうち、少なくとも1層に金属酸化物を含み、また隣接した2層のうち、少なくとも1層にポリビニルアルコールまたは無機ポリマーを含むものである。
本発明において、ポリビニルアルコールと共に用いることのできる硬化剤としては、ポリビニルアルコールと硬化反応を起こすものであれば特に制限はないが、ホウ酸及びその塩が好ましいが、その他にも公知のものが使用でき、一般的にはポリビニルアルコールと反応し得る基を有する化合物あるいはポリビニルアルコールが有する異なる基同士の反応を促進するような化合物であり、適宜選択して用いられる。硬化剤の具体例としては、例えば、エポキシ系硬化剤(ジグリシジルエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、1,4-ブタンジオールジグリシジルエーテル、1,6-ジグリシジルシクロヘキサン、N,N-ジグリシジル-4-グリシジルオキシアニリン、ソルビトールポリグリシジルエーテル、グリセロールポリグリシジルエーテル等)、アルデヒド系硬化剤(ホルムアルデヒド、グリオキザール等)、活性ハロゲン系硬化剤(2,4-ジクロロ-4-ヒドロキシ-1,3,5-s-トリアジン等)、活性ビニル系化合物(1,3,5-トリスアクリロイル-ヘキサヒドロ-s-トリアジン、ビスビニルスルホニルメチルエーテル等)、ホウ酸またはその塩、アルミニウム明礬等が挙げられる。
本発明においては、少なくとも隣接した2層のうち、少なくとも1層に金属酸化物を含み、また少なくとも1層にポリビニルアルコールまたは無機ポリマーを含むものである。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムの各層(膜)には、各種の添加剤を添加することが出来る。例えば、ポリスチレン、ポリアクリル酸エステル類、ポリメタクリル酸エステル類、ポリアクリルアミド類、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、またはこれらの共重合体、尿素樹脂、またはメラミン樹脂等の有機ラテックス微粒子、カチオンまたはノニオンの各種界面活性剤、特開昭57-74193号、同57-87988号及び同62-261476号に記載の紫外線吸収剤、特開昭57-74192号、同57-87989号、同60-72785号、同61-146591号、特開平1-95091号及び同3-13376号等に記載されている退色防止剤、特開昭59-42993号、同59-52689号、同62-280069号、同61-242871号及び特開平4-219266号等に記載されている蛍光増白剤、硫酸、リン酸、クエン酸、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸カリウム等のpH調整剤、消泡剤、防腐剤、増粘剤、帯電防止剤、マット剤等の公知の各種添加剤を含有させることもできる。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、高屈折率層、低屈折率層を含む各構成層を、各々単独にあるいは同時に、公知の塗布方式から適宜選択して、支持体上に塗布、乾燥して製造することができる。塗布方式としては、例えば、ロールコーティング法、ロッドバーコーティング法、エアナイフコーティング法、スプレーコーティング法、カーテン塗布方法、あるいは米国特許第2,761,419号、同第2,761,791号公報に記載のホッパーを使用するスライドビード塗布方法、エクストルージョンコート法等が好ましく用いられる。
本発明の近赤外反射フィルムは、幅広い分野に応用することができる。例えば、建物の屋外の窓や自動車窓等長期間太陽光に晒らされる設備に貼り合せ、熱線反射効果を付与する熱線反射フィルム等の窓貼用フィルム、農業用ビニールハウス用フィルム等として、主として耐候性を高める目的で用いられる。特に、本発明に係る近赤外反射フィルムが直接もしくは接着剤を介してガラスもしくはガラス代替樹脂基材に貼合されている部材には好適である。
(試料1-比較例)
ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(厚み125μm)上に高屈折率層として、ZrO2膜(厚み135nm)、低屈折率層としてSiO2膜(175nm)を公知のスパッタリング法により作製した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、TIO2膜(厚み135nm)、低屈折率層としてSiO2膜(175nm)を公知のスパッタリング法により作製した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ジルコニアゾル(日産化学製 ナノユースZR30-AR)100部、アクリルラテックス20部(東洋インキ製 TOCRYL X-4454)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、アクリルラテックス15部(東洋インキ製 TOCRYL X-4454)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、アクリルラテックス11部(東洋インキ製 TOCRYL X-4454)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、アクリルラテックス7部(東洋インキ製 TOCRYL X-4454)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ジルコニアゾル(日産化学製 ナノユースZR30-AR)100部、ポリビニルアルコール12部(クラレ製 PVA203)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ジルコニアゾル(日産化学製 ナノユースZR30-AR)100部、ポリビニルアルコール10部(クラレ製 PVA203)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、ポリビニルアルコール12部(クラレ製 PVA203)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、ポリビニルアルコール10部(クラレ製 PVA203)を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、無機ポリマー(第1稀元素化学工業社製、ジルコゾールZC-2)60部を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、無機ポリマー(第1稀元素化学工業社製、ジルコゾールZC-2)60部を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、ポリビニルアルコール10部(クラレ製 PVA203)、エポキシ系化合物1(エチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル)0.5部を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布し、市販のUV硬化ランプを用いて3000mJで架橋反応を行った。
PET上に高屈折率層として、ルチル型酸化チタン微粒子(石原産業製 55N)100部、ポリビニルアルコール8部(クラレ製 PVA203)、ホウ酸0.4部を乾燥膜厚135nmになる様にワイヤーバーで塗布した。
以下の公知の方法でチタニア微粒子液1を作製した。塩基で処理し塩化チタンを30g/Lで水に懸濁させ、クエン酸を酸化チタンに対して0.7モル%を加え90℃まで10℃/分で昇温し、これに塩酸30g/Lを加えて2.5時間撹拌した。冷却後にリジンを酸化チタンに対して5モル%加え、水酸化ナトリウムでpH3に調整し、チタニア微粒子液1を作製した。
得られた試料1~15について、単膜試料の屈折率測定を行った。さらに、PET上に高屈折率層と低屈折率層を各6層ずつ交互に積層させた積層試料を試料1~15について各々作製し、分光反射スペクトルを測定し、1200nm付近の近赤外領域に反射を有することを確認した。この積層試料に対して柔軟性評価を行った。
PET上に積層膜を形成し、市販の分光光度計(積分球使用、例えば日立製U-4000)により300nm~2000nmの領域を測定した。
PET上に高屈折率層、低屈折率層の単膜をそれぞれ形成し、分光エリプソメーター(例えば、JOVIN YVON)等の光学薄膜の解析装置で、波長589nm(NaのD線)に対する値を測定した。
PET上に高屈折率層と低屈折率層をそれぞれ交互に6層ずつ積層させた試料を作製した。上記作製した各近赤外反射フィルムについて、JIS K5600-5-1に準拠した屈曲試験法に基づき、屈曲試験機タイプ1(井元製作所製:型式IMC-A0F2、マンドレル径φ20mm)を用いて、30回の屈曲試験を行った。
実施例2
試料15の高屈折率層と低屈折率層の構成を用いて、各構成層を光学膜厚が230nmになる様に物理膜厚を調整し、層の積層数と分光反射スペクトルの特性を観察した。いずれも900nm付近から1700nm付近までに1200nmを極大とする近赤外吸収があり、積層数各4層の場合1200nmの極大域で反射率40%程度に対し、積層数各6層では反射率80%程度まで増加し、本発明の構成で十分に近赤外線がカットできることを確認した。
〔近赤外反射体1の作製〕
実施例1で作製した試料8の近赤外反射フィルムを用いて近赤外反射体1を作製した。厚さ5mm、20cm×20cmの透明アクリル樹脂板上に、試料8の近赤外反射フィルムをアクリル接着剤で接着して、近赤外反射体1を作製した。
実施例1に記載の試料12の近赤外反射フィルムを用いて近赤外反射体2を作製した。厚さ2mm、20cm×20cmの板ガラスを2枚用意し、試料8の近赤外反射フィルムの両側に、厚さ0.5mmのポリビニルブチラールを配置した積層体を2枚のガラスの間に挟んで加圧加熱処理を行うことで合わせガラスである近赤外反射体2を作製した。
上記作製した近赤外反射体1、2共に、近赤外反射フィルムの適用を示したものであり、このようなものを製造する際にも、近赤外反射体の大きさにかかわらず、容易に利用可能であり、また、近赤外反射フィルムを利用したため、優れた近赤外反射性を確認することができた。
Claims (7)
- フィルム上に、互いに屈折率が異なる膜を積層させた多層膜を有する近赤外反射フィルムであって、少なくとも隣接した2層の屈折率差が0.3以上、且つ、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層に金属酸化物を含み、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層にポリビニルアルコールまたは無機ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記金属酸化物が、二酸化チタンであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記金属酸化物が、二酸化ケイ素であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールが硬化剤により硬化されていることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の近赤外反射フィルム。
- 前記硬化剤が、ホウ酸塩であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の近赤外フィルム。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の近赤外反射フィルムが、基体の少なくとも一方の面に設けられたことを特徴とする近赤外反射体。
- フィルム上に、互いに屈折率が異なる膜を積層させた多層膜を有する近赤外反射フィルムであって、少なくとも隣接した2層の屈折率差が0.3以上、且つ、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層に金属酸化物を含み、該隣接した2層の少なくとも1層にポリビニルアルコールまたは無機ポリマーを含むことを特徴とする光学フィルム。
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US13/808,538 US9001418B2 (en) | 2010-07-24 | 2011-06-23 | Near-infrared reflecting film and near-infrared reflecting body provided with same |
CN2011800353120A CN103003728A (zh) | 2010-07-24 | 2011-06-23 | 近红外反射膜及设有近红外反射膜的近红外反射体 |
EP11812200.1A EP2597496A4 (en) | 2010-07-24 | 2011-06-23 | NEAR-FRET REFLECTIVE FILM AND SOON-FROSTED REFLECTING BODY THEREWITH |
JP2012526385A JPWO2012014607A1 (ja) | 2010-07-24 | 2011-06-23 | 近赤外反射フィルム及びそれを設けた近赤外反射体 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2597496A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 |
EP2597496A4 (en) | 2015-11-11 |
US20130107355A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
US9001418B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
JPWO2012014607A1 (ja) | 2013-09-12 |
CN103003728A (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
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