WO2012077520A1 - 有機電界発光素子 - Google Patents
有機電界発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012077520A1 WO2012077520A1 PCT/JP2011/077384 JP2011077384W WO2012077520A1 WO 2012077520 A1 WO2012077520 A1 WO 2012077520A1 JP 2011077384 W JP2011077384 W JP 2011077384W WO 2012077520 A1 WO2012077520 A1 WO 2012077520A1
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbazole Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=C1 UJOBWOGCFQCDNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- -1 carbazole compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical class CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 11
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 8
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 7
- VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-[4-(4-carbazol-9-ylphenyl)phenyl]carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C32)C=C1 VFUDMQLBKNMONU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001716 carbazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- AJZDHLHTTJRNQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy-N-[2-(tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl]benzamide Chemical compound N1(N=NN=C1)CCNC(C1=CC(=CC=C1)OC1=NC(=CC(=C1)CN)C(F)(F)F)=O AJZDHLHTTJRNQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NRLQBVLOUUPAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxybenzoyl]-1-oxa-3,8-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one Chemical compound NCC1=CC(=NC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC=1C=C(C(=O)N2CCC3(CNC(O3)=O)CC2)C=CC=1 NRLQBVLOUUPAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K tri(quinolin-8-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 TVIVIEFSHFOWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HERBKFFXXVZKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-carbazol-9-yl-9h-carbazole Chemical group C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N1C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3NC2=CC=C1 HERBKFFXXVZKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diiodide Chemical compound I[Cu]I GBRBMTNGQBKBQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 150000004866 oxadiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001269 time-of-flight mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000404 tripotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019798 tripotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-PHDIDXHHSA-N (1r,2r)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound N[C@@H]1CCCC[C@H]1N SSJXIUAHEKJCMH-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrazine Natural products N1=CC=NC2=CC=CC=C21 XSCHRSMBECNVNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthene Chemical compound C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 1-[(e)-2-phenylethenyl]anthracene Chemical class C=1C=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C=1\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 VERMWGQSKPXSPZ-BUHFOSPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PABWCQBWXPHCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyldibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1O2 PABWCQBWXPHCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMXRUUFRMHNVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-phenyldibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1S2 VMXRUUFRMHNVDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione Chemical class O=C1C=CC(=O)C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 MVWPVABZQQJTPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diphenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 WKAXDAMWMOBXMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dipyridin-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CN=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 JFJNVIPVOCESGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC=N1 OXPDQFOKSZYEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HKOAFLAGUQUJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-pyrimidin-2-ylpyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC=CN=C1C1=NC=CC=N1 HKOAFLAGUQUJQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SHBHYINHXNTBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy-N-(2-methylsulfonylethyl)benzamide Chemical compound NCC1=CC(=NC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC=1C=C(C(=O)NCCS(=O)(=O)C)C=CC=1 SHBHYINHXNTBRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HHVGZHHLRBNWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diphenyltriazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NN=N1 HHVGZHHLRBNWAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YUXBNNVWBUTOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-phenyltriazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NN=N1 YUXBNNVWBUTOQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-phenyl amine Natural products NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1,10]phenanthroline Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C3=NC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YQYBUJYBXOVWQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-yl)methanone Chemical compound NCC1=CC(=NC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC=1C=C(C=CC=1)C(=O)N1CC2=CC=CC=C2CC1 YQYBUJYBXOVWQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LJHFUFVRZNYVMK-ZDUSSCGKSA-N [3-[4-(aminomethyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxyphenyl]-[(3S)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl]methanone Chemical compound NCC1=CC(=NC(=C1)C(F)(F)F)OC=1C=C(C=CC=1)C(=O)N1C[C@H](CC1)O LJHFUFVRZNYVMK-ZDUSSCGKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azulene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC2=C1 CUFNKYGDVFVPHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N coronene Chemical compound C1=C(C2=C34)C=CC3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C4C3=CC=C(C=C3)C4=C2C3=C1 VPUGDVKSAQVFFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 150000008376 fluorenones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Phenylpyridine Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229940083761 high-ceiling diuretics pyrazolone derivative Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000007857 hydrazones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940079865 intestinal antiinfectives imidazole derivative Drugs 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent element containing a carbazole compound having a specific structure, and more particularly to a thin film device that emits light by applying an electric field to a light emitting layer made of an organic compound.
- an organic electroluminescence element (hereinafter referred to as an organic EL element) has a light emitting layer and a pair of counter electrodes sandwiching the layer as its simplest structure. That is, in an organic EL element, when an electric field is applied between both electrodes, electrons are injected from the cathode, holes are injected from the anode, and these are recombined in the light emitting layer to emit light. .
- CBP 4,4′-bis (9-carbazolyl) biphenyl
- Ir (ppy) 3 2,4′-bis (9-carbazolyl) biphenyl
- a host material having high triplet excitation energy and balanced in both charge (hole / electron) injection and transport characteristics is required. Further, a compound that is electrochemically stable and has high heat resistance and excellent amorphous stability is desired, and further improvement is required.
- Patent Document 3 the following carbazole compounds are disclosed.
- the disclosure is not limited to the disclosure of an organic EL device using a compound substituted by the 4-position of carbazole, and does not indicate the usefulness of the organic EL device using a compound in which the 9-position of carbazole is substituted at the 4-position of the carbazole compound. .
- Patent Document 4 discloses an organic EL element using a compound as shown below.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a compound as shown below and an organic EL device using the compound.
- An object of this invention is to provide the practically useful organic EL element which has high efficiency and high drive stability in view of the said present condition, and a compound suitable for it.
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device in which an anode, a plurality of organic layers and a cathode are laminated on a substrate, and is generally used as at least one layer selected from the group consisting of a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer.
- the present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a carbazole compound represented by the formula (1).
- L is an m-valent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms in total or an aromatic heterocyclic group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms in total, but is not a carbazole ring-containing group.
- N is an integer of 1 to 3, and each n is independently an integer of 1 to 4, but at least one n is an integer of 2 to 4, and is represented by at least one formula (1a) in the formula (In general formulas (1) and (1a), each R is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms.)
- n is independently an integer of 1 to 3
- at least one n is preferably an integer of 2 to 3.
- L is preferably an m-valent group generated by removing m hydrogen atoms from any one of the formulas (2) to (5).
- each X independently represents CH or nitrogen
- each R independently represents hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 11 carbon atoms.
- Y represents oxygen or sulfur
- p represents an integer of 0 to 2.
- L is an m-valent group generated by removing m hydrogen atoms from any one of the formulas (2), (3), or (4).
- the total sum of n is preferably an integer of 2 to 6.
- the present invention relates to the organic electroluminescent element, wherein the organic layer containing a carbazole compound is a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant.
- the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention contains the carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as the compound represented by the general formula (1)) in the organic layer.
- This carbazole compound has a 4- (9-carbazolyl) carbazole structure, and is considered to bring about the excellent effects as described above.
- L represents an m-valent group formed by removing m hydrogen atoms from an aromatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or an aromatic heterocyclic compound having 3 to 30 carbon atoms.
- L is preferably an m-valent group formed by removing m hydrogen atoms from an aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic heterocyclic compound having 6 to 18 carbon atoms in total.
- L is not a carbazole ring-containing group.
- the carbazole ring-containing group here is an m-valent group generated by removing m hydrogen atoms from a substituted or unsubstituted carbazole. Specifically, it is an m-valent group generated by removing m hydrogen atoms from N or C constituting the carbazole ring.
- aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic heterocyclic compound examples include benzene, pentalene, indene, naphthalene, azulene, heptalene, octalene, indacene, acenaphthylene, phenalene, phenanthrene, anthracene, tridene, fluoranthene, acephenanthrylene, and ASEAN.
- Tolylene Triphenylene, Pyrene, Chrysene, Tetraphen, Tetracene, Preaden, Picene, Perylene, Pentaphene, Pentacene, Tetraphenylene, Collanthrylene, Helicene, Hexaphene, Rubicene, Coronene, Trinaphthylene, Heptaphene, Pyrantrene, Furan, Benzofuran, Isobenzofuran , Xanthene, oxatolene, dibenzofuran, perixanthenoxanthene, thiophene, thioxanthene, thianthrene, phen Noxatiin, thionaphthene, isothianaphthene, thiobutene, thiophanthrene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, pyrazole, tellurazole, selenazole, thiazole, isothiazole, ox
- the number to be connected is preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 7, and the connected aromatic rings may be the same or different. Also good.
- the bonding position for bonding to m carbazolyl groups is not limited, and it may be a ring at a terminal portion or a central ring of a linked aromatic ring.
- the aromatic ring is a generic term for an aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- the linked aromatic rings include at least one heterocyclic ring, it is included in the aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- the m-valent group generated from the aromatic compound in which a plurality of aromatic rings are connected is a monovalent group, it is represented by the following formula, for example.
- Ar 1 to Ar 6 represent a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring.
- Specific examples of the group formed by connecting a plurality of the aromatic rings include, for example, biphenyl, terphenyl, bipyridine, bipyrimidine, bitriazine, terpyridine, bistriazylbenzene, phenylterphenyl, binaphthalene, phenylpyridine, diphenylpyridine, phenylpyrimidine, diphenyl. And monovalent groups generated by removing hydrogen from pyrimidine, phenyltriazine, diphenyltriazine, phenylnaphthalene, diphenylnaphthalene and the like.
- preferable L forms include m-valent groups generated from the aromatic compounds represented by the formulas (2) to (5), preferably the formulas (2) to (4). These m-valent groups are valent groups generated by removing m hydrogen atoms from the carbon forming the ring appearing in the formulas (2) to (5). When m is 2 or more, the hydrogen atoms to be removed are The same ring may be different.
- each X independently represents methine or nitrogen. Of the Xs constituting each 6-membered ring, 0 to 3 Xs are preferably nitrogen, and more preferably all are methine.
- Y represents oxygen or sulfur.
- p represents an integer of 0 to 2, preferably 0 or 1.
- aromatic compound giving preferable L examples include benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, triazine, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, biphenyl, terphenyl, bipyridine, bipyrimidine, vitriazine, terpyridine, bistrine.
- Examples include azylbenzene, phenylpyridine, diphenylpyridine, phenylpyrimidine, diphenylpyrimidine, phenyltriazine, diphenyltriazine, phenyldibenzofuran, phenyldibenzothiophene, dibenzofuranylpyridine, and dibenzothienylpyridine. More preferably, benzene, dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, biphenyl, terphenyl, bistriazylbenzene, phenyldibenzofuran, and phenyldibenzothiophene are mentioned.
- m represents an integer of 1 to 3.
- m is 1 or 2, more preferably m is 1.
- each n independently represents an integer of 1 to 4.
- n is 1 to 3.
- at least one n is an integer of 2 to 4, and has a bond structure represented by at least one formula (1a) in the formula.
- all the bond structures between carbazole rings are the bond structures represented by the formula (1a) or the formulas (1a) and (1b).
- the carbazole ring refers to a three condensed ring appearing in the general formula (1).
- the total sum of n is an integer of 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9, and more preferably 2 to 6.
- each R is independently hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or cycloalkyl having 3 to 11 carbon atoms. Represents a group. Preferred is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferred is hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms. .
- alkyl group examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, and a decyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
- a decyl group preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, and a propyl group.
- the alkyl group may be linear or branched.
- cycloalkyl group examples include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, and a methylcyclohexyl group, preferably a cyclohexyl group and a methylcyclohexyl group.
- the carbazole compound of the present invention can be synthesized using a carbazole derivative substituted at the 4-position with a halogen atom, using a known method by selecting a raw material according to the structure of the target compound.
- the 4-fluorocarbazole skeleton of a carbazole derivative substituted at the 4-position with a fluorine atom is described in Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2008, No. 73, p7603 to p7610, and can be synthesized by the following reaction formula with reference to the synthesis examples.
- carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1) Specific examples of the carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1) are shown below, but the material used for the organic electroluminescence device of the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1) includes at least one of a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer, and an electron blocking layer in an organic EL device in which an anode, a plurality of organic layers, and a cathode are stacked on a substrate. By containing it in the organic layer, an excellent organic electroluminescent element is provided.
- a light emitting layer and a positive hole transport layer are preferable. More preferably, it may be contained as a host material of a light emitting layer containing a phosphorescent dopant.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has an organic layer having at least one light emitting layer between an anode and a cathode laminated on a substrate, and at least one of a light emitting layer, a hole transport layer and an electron blocking layer.
- the organic layer contains a compound represented by the general formula (1).
- the light-emitting layer or the hole transport layer contains a compound represented by the general formula (1), and more preferably a compound represented by the general formula (1) together with a phosphorescent dopant is contained in the light-emitting layer. .
- the structure of the organic EL element of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
- the structure of the organic EL element of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated one.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structural example of a general organic EL device used in the present invention, wherein 1 is a substrate, 2 is an anode, 3 is a hole injection layer, 4 is a hole transport layer, and 5 is a light emitting layer. , 6 represents an electron transport layer, and 7 represents a cathode.
- the organic EL device of the present invention may have an exciton blocking layer adjacent to the light emitting layer, and may have an electron blocking layer between the light emitting layer and the hole injection layer.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted on either the anode side or the cathode side of the light emitting layer, or both can be inserted simultaneously.
- the organic EL device of the present invention has a substrate, an anode, a light emitting layer and a cathode as essential layers, but it is preferable to have a hole injecting and transporting layer and an electron injecting and transporting layer in layers other than the essential layers, and further emit light. It is preferable to have a hole blocking layer between the layer and the electron injecting and transporting layer.
- the hole injection / transport layer means either or both of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer
- the electron injection / transport layer means either or both of an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer.
- the organic EL element of the present invention is preferably supported on a substrate.
- the substrate is not particularly limited as long as it is conventionally used for an organic EL element.
- a substrate made of glass, transparent plastic, quartz, or the like can be used.
- an electrode material made of a metal, an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, or a mixture thereof having a high work function (4 eV or more) is preferably used.
- electrode materials include metals such as Au, and conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 and ZnO.
- conductive transparent materials such as CuI, indium tin oxide (ITO), SnO 2 and ZnO.
- an amorphous material such as IDIXO (In 2 O 3 —ZnO) that can form a transparent conductive film may be used.
- these electrode materials may be formed into a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering, and a pattern having a desired shape may be formed by a photolithography method, or when the pattern accuracy is not so high (about 100 ⁇ m or more) ), A pattern may be formed through a mask having a desired shape when the electrode material is deposited or sputtered. Or when using the substance which can be apply
- the transmittance is greater than 10%, and the sheet resistance as the anode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
- the film thickness depends on the material, it is usually selected in the range of 10 to 1000 nm, preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the cathode a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal (referred to as an electron injecting metal), an alloy, an electrically conductive compound, and a mixture thereof as an electrode material is used.
- an electron injecting metal a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal
- an alloy a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal
- an alloy a material having a low work function (4 eV or less) metal
- an alloy referred to as an electron injecting metal
- an alloy referred to as an electron injecting metal
- a mixture of an electron injecting metal and a second metal which is a stable metal having a larger work function than this for example, a magnesium / silver mixture
- Suitable are a magnesium / aluminum mixture, a magnesium / indium mixture, an aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) mixture, a lithium / aluminum mixture, aluminum and the like.
- the cathode can be produced by forming a thin film of these electrode materials by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the sheet resistance as the cathode is preferably several hundred ⁇ / ⁇ or less, and the film thickness is usually selected in the range of 10 nm to 5 ⁇ m, preferably 50 to 200 nm.
- the light emission luminance is improved, which is convenient.
- a transparent or semi-transparent cathode can be produced by producing the conductive transparent material mentioned in the description of the anode on the cathode after producing the metal with a thickness of 1 to 20 nm on the cathode.
- an element in which both the anode and the cathode are transmissive can be manufactured.
- the light emitting layer is a phosphorescent light emitting layer and includes a phosphorescent dopant and a host material.
- the phosphorescent dopant material preferably contains an organometallic complex containing at least one metal selected from ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold. Such organometallic complexes are known in the prior art documents and the like, and these can be selected and used.
- the emission wavelength of the phosphorescent dopant preferably has a maximum emission wavelength of 550 nm or less.
- Preferred phosphorescent dopants include complexes such as Ir (ppy) 3 having a noble metal element such as Ir as a central metal, complexes such as (Bt) 2 Iracac, and complexes such as (Btp) Ptacac. Specific examples of these complexes are shown below, but are not limited to the following compounds.
- the amount of phosphorescent dopant contained in the light emitting layer is preferably in the range of 1 to 50% by weight. More preferably, it is 5 to 30% by weight.
- the host material in the emissive layer it is preferable to use the compound represented by the general formula (1).
- the material used for the light emitting layer may be a host material other than the compound represented by the general formula (1). .
- a plurality of known host materials may be used in combination.
- a known host compound that can be used is preferably a compound that has a hole transporting ability or an electron transporting ability, prevents the emission of light from becoming longer, and has a high glass transition temperature.
- host materials are known from a large number of patent documents and can be selected from them.
- Specific examples of the host material are not particularly limited, but include indole derivatives, carbazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives, pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine.
- arylamine derivatives amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, styrylanthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aromatic tertiary amine compounds, styrylamine compounds, aromatic dimethylidene compounds, porphyrin compounds, anthraquino Heterocyclic tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides such as dimethane derivatives, anthrone derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, naphthalene perylene,
- the injection layer is a layer provided between the electrode and the organic layer for lowering the driving voltage and improving the luminance of light emission.
- the injection layer can be provided as necessary.
- the hole blocking layer has a function of an electron transport layer in a broad sense, and is made of a hole blocking material that has a function of transporting electrons and has a remarkably small ability to transport holes. The probability of recombination of electrons and holes can be improved by blocking.
- a known hole blocking layer material can be used for the hole blocking layer. Moreover, as a hole-blocking layer material, the material of the electron carrying layer mentioned later can be used as needed.
- the electron blocking layer is made of a material that has a function of transporting holes and has a very small ability to transport electrons.
- the electron blocking layer blocks the electrons while transporting holes, and the probability of recombination of electrons and holes. Can be improved.
- the compound represented by the general formula (1) is preferably used. However, when the compound is used for any other organic layer, the material for the hole transport layer described later is used. Can be used as needed.
- the thickness of the electron blocking layer is preferably 3 to 100 nm, more preferably 5 to 30 nm.
- the exciton blocking layer is a layer for preventing excitons generated by recombination of holes and electrons in the light emitting layer from diffusing into the charge transport layer. It becomes possible to efficiently confine in the light emitting layer, and the light emission efficiency of the device can be improved.
- the exciton blocking layer can be inserted on either the anode side or the cathode side adjacent to the light emitting layer, or both can be inserted simultaneously.
- Examples of the material for the exciton blocking layer include 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene (mCP) and bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) -4-phenylphenolato aluminum (III) (BAlq). It is done.
- mCP 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene
- BAlq bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) -4-phenylphenolato aluminum
- the hole transport layer is made of a hole transport material having a function of transporting holes, and the hole transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- the hole transport material has either hole injection or transport or electron barrier properties, and may be either organic or inorganic.
- As the hole transport material it is preferable to use the compound represented by the general formula (1). However, when the compound is used in any other organic layer, any one of conventionally known compounds can be used. A thing can be selected and used.
- Examples of known hole transport materials that can be used include triazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, polyarylalkane derivatives, pyrazoline derivatives and pyrazolone derivatives, phenylenediamine derivatives, arylamine derivatives, amino-substituted chalcone derivatives, oxazole derivatives, Examples include styryl anthracene derivatives, fluorenone derivatives, hydrazone derivatives, stilbene derivatives, silazane derivatives, aniline copolymers, and conductive polymer oligomers, particularly thiophene oligomers. Porphyrin compounds, aromatic tertiary amine compounds, and styryl. It is preferable to use an amine compound, and it is more preferable to use an aromatic tertiary amine compound.
- the electron transport layer is made of a material having a function of transporting electrons, and the electron transport layer can be provided as a single layer or a plurality of layers.
- an electron transport material which may also serve as a hole blocking material
- any conventionally known compounds can be selected and used.
- nitro-substituted fluorene derivatives, diphenylquinone derivatives, thiopyran dioxide derivatives, carbodiimides, fluorenylidenemethane derivatives, anthra examples include quinodimethane and anthrone derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, and the like.
- a thiadiazole derivative in which the oxygen atom of the oxadiazole ring is substituted with a sulfur atom, and a quinoxaline derivative having a quinoxaline ring known as an electron withdrawing group can also be used as an electron transport material.
- a polymer material in which these materials are introduced into a polymer chain or these materials are used as a polymer main chain can also be used.
- intermediate C is 6.4 g (0.034 mol)
- 2-iododibenzofuran is 21.5 g (0.073 mol)
- copper iodide is 36.2 g (0.19 mol)
- trans- 1,2-cyclohexanediamine (23.1 ml, 0.19 mol)
- 1,4-dioxane (162 ml) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C overnight.
- the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure.
- the obtained residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography to obtain 7.0 g (0.020 mol, yield 58%) of intermediate D as a white solid.
- Example 1 In the organic EL device shown in FIG. 1, a device in which an electron injection layer was added between the electron transport layer and the cathode was produced. Each thin film was laminated at a vacuum degree of 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa by a vacuum deposition method on a glass substrate on which an anode made of indium tin oxide (ITO) having a thickness of 110 nm was formed. First, copper phthalocyanine (CuPC) was formed to a thickness of 25 nm on ITO as a hole injection layer. Next, N, N-di (naphthalen-1-yl) -N, N-diphenyl-benzidene (NPB) was formed to a thickness of 90 nm as a hole transport layer.
- ITO indium tin oxide
- compound 1-3 as a host material of the light emitting layer and an iridium complex [iridium (III) bis (4,6-di-fluorophenyl) -pyridinate as a blue phosphorescent material as a dopant -N, C2 ′] picolinate] (FIrpic) were co-deposited from different deposition sources to form a light emitting layer with a thickness of 30 nm. The concentration of FIrpic was 10%.
- Alq3 was formed to a thickness of 30 nm as an electron transport layer.
- lithium fluoride (LiF) was formed to a thickness of 1.0 nm as an electron injection layer.
- Al aluminum
- Al was formed as an electrode to a thickness of 70 nm on the electron injection layer, and an organic EL element was produced.
- Examples 2 to 11 As a host material of the light emitting layer, compound 1-8, compound 1-11, compound 1-15, compound 1-17, compound 1-21, compound 1-27, compound 1-30, compound 2-13, compound 2- An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 23 or Compound 3-6 was used.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mCP or the following compound H-1 was used as the host material of the light emitting layer.
- the organic EL elements When an external power source was connected to the organic EL elements obtained in the above Examples and Comparative Examples and a direct current voltage was applied, it was confirmed that the organic EL elements had light emission characteristics (initial characteristics) as shown in Table 1.
- the maximum wavelength of the device emission spectrum was 475 nm, indicating that light emission from FIrpic was obtained.
- the compound is a compound used as a host material, and luminance, voltage, and luminous efficiency show values at 2.5 mA / cm 2 .
- Example 12 Each thin film was laminated at a vacuum degree of 2.0 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 5 Pa by a vacuum deposition method on a glass substrate on which an anode made of an ITO substrate having a thickness of 110 nm was formed.
- CuPC was formed to a thickness of 25 nm on ITO as a hole injection layer.
- NPB was formed to a thickness of 40 nm as a hole transport layer.
- Compound 1-3 as a host material and Ir (ppy) 3 as a dopant were co-deposited from different vapor deposition sources on the hole transport layer to form a light emitting layer having a thickness of 40 nm. At this time, the concentration of Ir (ppy) 3 was 10 wt%.
- Alq3 was formed to a thickness of 20 nm as an electron transport layer. Further, LiF was formed to a thickness of 1 nm as an electron injection layer on the electron transport layer. Finally, on the electron injection layer, Al was formed to a thickness of 70 nm as an electrode to produce an organic EL device.
- Examples 13-25 As a host material of the light emitting layer, compound 1-8, compound 1-11, compound 1-15, compound 1-17, compound 1-21, compound 1-25, compound 1-27, compound 1-28, compound 1- 30, an organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that Compound 2-13, Compound 2-22, Compound 2-23, or Compound 3-6 was used.
- Comparative Examples 3-4 An organic EL device was produced in the same manner as in Example 12 except that CBP or H-1 was used as the host material of the light emitting layer.
- Examples 12 to 25 using the compound represented by the general formula (1) in the light-emitting layer are different in CBP generally known as a phosphorescent host material and H-1 having different carbazole substitution positions. It can be seen that it has higher luminous efficiency characteristics than the case of using. It also shows that the drive life characteristics are good and the stability is high.
- the carbazole compound represented by the general formula (1) has a 4- (9-carbazolyl) carbazole structure, so that it is possible to control the spread of molecular orbitals, to optimize charge balance and to stabilize both charges. Is considered to have an improved effect. Further, it is clear that a highly efficient organic EL phosphor element is realized by using the compound for the light emitting layer.
- the carbazole compound used in the present invention has a 4- (9-carbazolyl) carbazole structure.
- a compound having only a 3- (9-carbazolyl) carbazole structure as shown in Patent Document 5 is known. Since the compound of the present invention has a 4- (9-carbazolyl) carbazole structure, the compound of the present invention exhibits higher hole transportability than the case where carbazole is linked only at other positions. Further, it is considered that the electron transporting property can be improved while ensuring high hole transporting property by substituting the linking group with a specific aromatic group.
- the carbazole compound used in the present invention when used as a host material, it is considered that the transport property of both charges is increased and the recombination probability in the light emitting layer is increased. Due to the above effects, it is considered that the organic EL element of the present invention can achieve a high light emission efficiency, a long driving life, and a highly durable organic EL element.
- the organic EL device according to the present invention has practically satisfactory levels in terms of light emission characteristics, driving life and durability, flat panel display (mobile phone display device, in-vehicle display device, OA computer display device, television, etc.), surface light emission, etc. Its technical value is great in applications to light sources (lighting, light sources for copying machines, backlight light sources for liquid crystal displays and instruments), display boards, and sign lamps that make use of the characteristics of the body.
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Abstract
Description
(ここで、Lはm価の総炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は総炭素数3~30の芳香族複素環基であるが、カルバゾール環含有基であることはない。mは1~3の整数であり、nはそれぞれ独立して1~4の整数であるが、少なくとも1つのnは2~4の整数であり、式中に少なくとも1つの式(1a)で表される結合構造を有する。一般式(1)及び式(1a)中、Rはそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は炭素数3~11のシクロアルキル基である。)
(式(2)~(5)中、Xはそれぞれ独立してCH又は窒素を表し、Rはそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は炭素数3~11のシクロアルキル基を表す。式(3)及び(5)中、Yは酸素又は硫黄を表し、式(4)中、pは0~2の整数を表す。)
また、一般式(1)において、nの総和が2~6の整数であることが好ましい。
本発明の有機EL素子は、基板に支持されていることが好ましい。この基板については、特に制限はなく、従来から有機EL素子に慣用されているものであればよく、例えば、ガラス、透明プラスチック、石英などからなるものを用いることができる。
有機EL素子における陽極としては、仕事関数の大きい(4eV以上)金属、合金、電気伝導性化合物及びこれらの混合物を電極物質とするものが好ましく用いられる。このような電極物質の具体例としてはAu等の金属、CuI、インジウムチンオキシド(ITO)、SnO2、ZnO等の導電性透明材料が挙げられる。また、IDIXO(In2O3-ZnO)等非晶質で透明導電膜を作製可能な材料を用いてもよい。陽極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により、薄膜を形成させ、フォトリソグラフィー法で所望の形状のパターンを形成してもよく、あるいはパターン精度をあまり必要としない場合は(100μm以上程度)、上記電極物質の蒸着やスパッタリング時に所望の形状のマスクを介してパターンを形成してもよい。あるいは、有機導電性化合物のように塗布可能な物質を用いる場合には、印刷方式、コーティング方式等湿式成膜法を用いることもできる。この陽極より発光を取り出す場合には、透過率を10%より大きくすることが望ましく、また陽極としてのシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましい。更に膜厚は材料にもよるが、通常10~1000nm、好ましくは10~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。
一方、陰極としては、仕事関数の小さい(4eV以下)金属(電子注入性金属と称する)、合金、電気伝導性化合物及びこれらの混合物を電極物質とするものが用いられる。このような電極物質の具体例としては、ナトリウム、ナトリウム-カリウム合金、マグネシウム、リチウム、マグネシウム/銅混合物、マグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、インジウム、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、希土類金属等が挙げられる。これらの中で、電子注入性及び酸化等に対する耐久性の点から、電子注入性金属とこれより仕事関数の値が大きく安定な金属である第二金属との混合物、例えば、マグネシウム/銀混合物、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、リチウム/アルミニウム混合物、アルミニウム等が好適である。陰極はこれらの電極物質を蒸着やスパッタリング等の方法により薄膜を形成させることにより、作製することができる。また、陰極としてのシート抵抗は数百Ω/□以下が好ましく、膜厚は通常10nm~5μm、好ましくは50~200nmの範囲で選ばれる。なお、発光した光を透過させるため、有機EL素子の陽極又は陰極のいずれか一方が、透明又は半透明であれば発光輝度が向上し好都合である。
発光層は燐光発光層であり、燐光発光ドーパントとホスト材料を含む。燐光発光ドーパント材料としては、ルテニウム、ロジウム、パラジウム、銀、レニウム、オスミウム、イリジウム、白金及び金から選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属を含む有機金属錯体を含有するものがよい。かかる有機金属錯体は、前記先行技術文献等で公知であり、これらが選択されて使用可能である。燐光発光ドーパントの発光波長は550nm以下に発光極大波長を有することが望ましい。
注入層とは、駆動電圧低下や発光輝度向上のために電極と有機層間に設けられる層のことで、正孔注入層と電子注入層があり、陽極と発光層又は正孔輸送層の間、及び陰極と発光層又は電子輸送層との間に存在させてもよい。注入層は必要に応じて設けることができる。
正孔阻止層とは広い意味では電子輸送層の機能を有し、電子を輸送する機能を有しつつ正孔を輸送する能力が著しく小さい正孔阻止材料からなり、電子を輸送しつつ正孔を阻止することで電子と正孔の再結合確率を向上させることができる。
電子阻止層とは、正孔を輸送する機能を有しつつ電子を輸送する能力が著しく小さい材料から成り、正孔を輸送しつつ電子を阻止することで電子と正孔が再結合する確率を向上させることができる。
励起子阻止層とは、発光層内で正孔と電子が再結合することにより生じた励起子が電荷輸送層に拡散することを阻止するための層であり、本層の挿入により励起子を効率的に発光層内に閉じ込めることが可能となり、素子の発光効率を向上させることができる。励起子阻止層は発光層に隣接して陽極側、陰極側のいずれにも挿入することができ、両方同時に挿入することも可能である。
正孔輸送層とは正孔を輸送する機能を有する正孔輸送材料からなり、正孔輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
電子輸送層とは電子を輸送する機能を有する材料からなり、電子輸送層は単層又は複数層設けることができる。
化合物1-3の合成
APCI-TOFMS, m/z 498 [M]+ 、1H-NMR測定結果(測定溶媒:CD2Cl2)を図2に示す。
化合物1-15の合成
化合物1-21の合成
化合物1-27の合成
図1に示す有機EL素子において、電子輸送層と陰極との間に電子注入層を追加した素子を作製した。膜厚 110 nm の 酸化インジウムスズ(ITO)からなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度2.0×10-5 Pa で積層させた。まず、ITO 上に正孔注入層として、銅フタロシアニン(CuPC)を 25 nm の厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層としてN,N-ジ(ナフタレン-1-イル)-N,N-ジフェニル-ベンジデン(NPB)を 90 nm の厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層上に、発光層のホスト材料としての化合物1-3とドーパントとしての青色燐光材料であるイリジウム錯体[イリジウム(III)ビス(4,6-ジ-フルオロフェニル)-ピリジネート-N,C2']ピコリネート](FIrpic)とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、30 nm の厚さに発光層を形成した。FIrpicの濃度は 10 %であった。次に、電子輸送層として Alq3 を 30 nm厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてフッ化リチウム(LiF)を 1.0 nm厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてアルミニウム(Al)を70 nm厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
発光層のホスト材料として、化合物1-8、化合物1-11、化合物1-15、化合物1-17、化合物1-21、化合物1-27、化合物1-30、化合物2-13、化合物2-23又は化合物3-6を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
発光層のホスト材料として、mCP又は下記化合物H-1を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
表1において、化合物はホスト材料として使用した化合物であり、輝度、電圧、及び発光効率は、2.5 mA/cm2での値を示す。
膜厚110nmのITO基板からなる陽極が形成されたガラス基板上に、各薄膜を真空蒸着法にて、真空度2.0×10-5Paで積層させた。まず、ITO上に正孔注入層として、CuPCを 25 nm の厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層としてNPBを40 nmの厚さに形成した。次に、正孔輸送層上に、ホスト材料としての化合物1-3とドーパントとしてのIr(ppy)3とを異なる蒸着源から、共蒸着し、40 nmの厚さに発光層を形成した。この時、Ir(ppy)3の濃度は10 wt%であった。次に、電子輸送層としてAlq3を20nmの厚さに形成した。更に、電子輸送層上に、電子注入層としてLiFを1nmの厚さに形成した。最後に、電子注入層上に、電極としてAlを70nmの厚さに形成し、有機EL素子を作製した。
発光層のホスト材料として、化合物1-8、化合物1-11、化合物1-15、化合物1-17、化合物1-21、化合物1-25、化合物1-27、化合物1-28、化合物1-30、化合物2-13、化合物2-22、化合物2-23又は化合物3-6を用いた以外は実施例12と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
発光層のホスト材料としてCBP又はH-1を用いた以外は実施例12と同様にして有機EL素子を作製した。
表2において、化合物はホスト材料として使用した化合物であり、輝度、電圧及び発光効率は、20 mA/cm2での駆動時の値を示し、また、輝度半減時間は、20 mA/cm2の一定電流駆動で評価し、この結果を初期輝度1000 cd/m2の場合に換算した値を示す。
Claims (7)
- 基板上に、陽極、複数の有機層及び陰極が積層されてなる有機電界発光素子において、発光層、正孔輸送層及び電子阻止層からなる群れから選ばれる少なくとも一つの層に一般式(1)で表されるカルバゾール化合物を含有することを特徴とする有機電界発光素子。
ここで、Lはm価の総炭素数6~30の芳香族炭化水素基又は総炭素数3~30の芳香族複素環基であるが、カルバゾール環含有基であることはない。Rはそれぞれ独立して水素、炭素数1~10のアルキル基又は炭素数3~11のシクロアルキル基である。mは1~3の整数であり、nはそれぞれ独立して1~4の整数であるが、少なくとも1つのnは2~4の整数であり、式中に少なくとも1つの式(1a)で表される結合構造を有する。
ここで、Rは一般式(1)と同意である。 - 一般式(1)において、mは1~2の整数であり、nはそれぞれ独立して1~3の整数であり、少なくとも1つのnは2~3の整数である請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 一般式(1)において、Lが式(2)~(4)のいずれか1つからm個の水素を除いて生じるm価の基である請求項4に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- 一般式(1)において、nの総和が2~6の整数である請求項1に記載の有機電界発光素子。
- カルバゾール化合物を含む有機層が、燐光発光ドーパントを含有する発光層であることを特徴とする請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の有機電界発光素子。
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- 2011-11-28 WO PCT/JP2011/077384 patent/WO2012077520A1/ja active Application Filing
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TW201245150A (en) | 2012-11-16 |
US20130248845A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
JP5834023B2 (ja) | 2015-12-16 |
EP2650941A4 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
KR20130127992A (ko) | 2013-11-25 |
CN103262283B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
TWI518071B (zh) | 2016-01-21 |
CN103262283A (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
EP2650941A1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
JPWO2012077520A1 (ja) | 2014-05-19 |
US9337432B2 (en) | 2016-05-10 |
KR101838675B1 (ko) | 2018-03-14 |
EP2650941B1 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
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