WO2012052011A2

WO2012052011A2 - Condensate recirculation system in an adsorption refrigeration machine

Info

Publication number: WO2012052011A2
Application number: PCT/DE2011/075236
Authority: WO
Inventors: Niels Braunschweig; Sören PAULUSSEN
Original assignee: Invensor Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-09-28
Filing date: 2011-09-28
Publication date: 2012-04-26
Also published as: US20130213062A1; AU2011317943A1; WO2012052011A3; JP2013539005A; KR20130116260A; AU2011317943C1; AU2011317943B2; EP2622286A2

Abstract

The invention describes a condensate return device which is arranged between a condenser and an evaporator of an adsorption refrigeration machine and which is designed as a pipe which is open to vapour.

Description

Condensate recycling in an adsorption chiller

The invention relates to a condensate return device for a Adsortpionskältemaschine comprising at least one tube which connects the condenser to the evaporator, wherein the tube is open to vapor and preferably has a pressure-reducing element. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the condensate return device and a method for recycling the condensate.

In the prior art chillers are described, which are generally used for heating and / or cooling of buildings. Chillers implement thermodynamic cycles, where, for example, heat is absorbed below the ambient temperature and released at a higher temperature. The thermodynamic cycles are similar to those of a heat pump. Known in the art

Chillers are z. As adsorption refrigeration systems, diffusion absorption refrigeration machines and compression refrigeration systems.

The Adsorptionskältemaschine consists of at least one ad / Desorber unit, an evaporator, a condenser and / or a combined evaporator / condenser unit, which are housed in a common container or in separate containers, which then with tubes o. Ä the refrigerant flow are connected together. The advantage of the sorption machines compared to conventional heat pump technology is that the expiration of the adsorption / desorption solely by the temperature of the

Sorbent takes place. Thus, the container of the adsorption machine can be hermetically sealed and gas-tight. When using, for example, water as a refrigerant, the adsorption chiller preferably operates in the vacuum range.

The adsorption occurring in an adsorption machine describes a physical process in which a gaseous refrigerant (for example, water) to a

Solid attaches. The desorption of the refrigerant, that is, the dissolution of the refrigerant from the solid, again requires energy. In an adsorption chiller, the refrigerant, which absorbs heat at a low temperature and low pressure and releases heat at a higher temperature and pressure, is selected such that a change in state of aggregation is associated with the adsorption or desorption. When

Adsorbents are described in the prior art substances that are finely porous and therefore have a very large internal surface area. Advantageous materials are activated carbon, zeolites, alumina or silica gel, aluminum phosphates, silica-aluminum phosphates, metal-silica-aluminum phosphates, mesostructure silicates, organometallic scaffolds and / or microporous material comprising microporous polymers. The adsorption material can advantageously be applied differently, that is it can - - be a bed, a bond and / or crystallization. Due to these different types of application, the adsorption machine can be adapted to different requirements. So the machine can go to the location or the

Refrigerant can be adjusted. In addition, the layer thickness of the adsorbent material is critical to the performance of the adsorbent material.

In the process of the adsorption machine, the heat of adsorption and the

Condensation heat to be removed from the plant. This is usually done via a flowing heat transfer medium that transports this heat to a heat sink, e.g. to a recooling plant, which releases the heat to the ambient air. However, if the heat of adsorption and / or the heat of condensation is dissipated or poorly dissipated, the temperatures and thus the pressures within the adsorption machine would rise and the adsorption process would cease. Thus, the efficiency of an adsorption machine can be significantly increased by improved heat transfer, which inevitably improves the efficiency of the system. For the evaporation in sorption usually a vacuum tank is necessary because z. B. water can be used as a refrigerant and accordingly low pressures are required.

A method for operating an adsorption chiller is z. B. from DE 34 08 193 A1. The method serves to increase the temperature of heat in the first and second expeller (adsorber) periodically between the adsorption and adsorber

Desorptionsphase switched and operated in opposite phases. Before the exchange of the modes of action of the two absorbers becomes a two-stage internal

Heat exchange performed. This internal heat exchange comprises first a pressure equalization step and a subsequent heat transfer through a

Heat transfer loop. After a heat balance between the two absorbers has been achieved, the process is continued. That is, after the switching between the adsorption and the desorption is used for the after

Desorption phase remaining heat carried out a temperature compensation between the adsorbers. An adsorption refrigeration machine further comprises a return device which serves to maintain a variable depending on the operating conditions

Pressure difference, a discharge of a fluid, in particular a refrigerant, between different components of the adsorption refrigeration system is ensured. This guarantees a continuous flow of the fluid. This feedback device is in particular for the return of the liquefied refrigerant from the condenser into the evaporator of Meaning, since only such a refrigerant circuit remains in the system. Furthermore, the return device contributes to an optimized process efficiency of the system and is therefore an important component. However, it should be noted that the

Return device is designed to save space, thus compact

Adsorption chillers are feasible.

In the prior art different ways are described, the one

Reach condensate return:

- U-pipe with a corresponding length around the existing

To be able to compensate for pressure differences - water barrier for steam from the condenser

The disadvantage here is that the production of these recirculation facilities is relatively expensive and the height of the Adsorptionskältemaschinen essentially of the length of

Condensate return is dependent.

Such a return device is disclosed for example in DE 38 08 653 C2. The collected in a condenser tank and stored at the bottom of the container coolant liquid is supplied to the evaporator via a return means in the form of a pipe due to a pressure difference.

Furthermore, DE 10 2008 012 598 describes a return device for a

Adsorptionskälteanlage, comprising a fluid-flow-through arrangement of a first siphon (U-tube) from a downwardly directed first inner tube, a downwardly closed, the inner tube enclosing the first outer tube and a arranged at an upper end of the outer tube first pressure equalization pot with a first exit. At the output of the first siphon, a second siphon is connected downstream, wherein this has a downwardly directed second inner tube, a downwardly closed, the second inner tube enclosing second outer tube and a second outer tube disposed second output. The siphon is high enough to be able to compensate for the fluctuating pressure differences between the evaporator and condenser, by means of a hydrostatic acting water column. Since water always remains in the U-tube, it acts as a vapor barrier, so that the pressure separation between

Capacitor and evaporator remains ensured.

A disadvantage of the feedback devices disclosed in the prior art is that they are not made compact and can not be arranged to save space on the Adsorptionskältemaschine, which also no compact Adsorptionskältemaschinen - - can be produced. In order to guarantee the function of the return devices, they must always consist of several units (or siphons) connected in series, which makes the return device very complex and expensive to install. Furthermore, it has been found that the cascading of the siphons are prone to error and difficult to maintain. In addition, the return means comprise a plurality of metal pipes which significantly increase the weight and the manufacturing cost of the adsorption machine.

Furthermore, in the case of very low adsorption chillers, the pressure separation by means of a simple siphon can generally not be achieved if the available hydrostatic pressure or the hydrostatic head is insufficient for a low apparatus. At full idle condensate recirculation, the vapor may pass out of the condenser, producing a significant loss of cooling power.

Accordingly, it was an object of the invention to provide a device which does not have the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art and which allows the production of a compact adsorption chiller, efficiently passing condensate from the condenser into the evaporator.

The problem is solved by the independent claims. advantageous

Embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

There is provided a condensate return device which does not have the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art. The device comprises at least one tube, wherein at least one tube with a condenser and an evaporator of

Adsorptionskältemaschine is connected vapor-open, wherein it is preferred that a pressure-reducing element is present in the tube. The device of the invention is simple in construction, has no moving parts, is durable and the condensate can flow without congestion from the condenser in the evaporator. It may be preferable to arrange a plurality of tubes between the evaporator and the condenser.

In particular, the invention relates to a condensate return device for a

Adsorptionskältemaschine, comprising at least one tube, wherein at least one tube with a condenser and an evaporator of the Adsorptionskältemaschine is open to vapor and a mass flow of liquid refrigerant and a low mass flow of vapor refrigerant, preferably less than 0% to 3%, preferably 0.5 to 2%, more preferably 1% to 1, 5% of the mass flow of liquid refrigerant through the condensate return device, in particular the tube flows.

The tube is preferably connected positively or cohesively to the evaporator and the condenser. Positive connections are preferably formed by the Interaction of at least two connection partners. The positive locking

Connections include screws, rivets, pins or clamps. The tube may be connected to the components of the adsorption chiller, for example by means of screws or rivets and corresponding seals. Furthermore, the tube by cohesive means to the capacitor and the

Evaporator be attached. Cohesive connections are held together by atomic or molecular forces. They are at the same time non-detachable connections, which can be solved only by destruction of the components and / or the connecting means again. Bonded connections include soldering, welding or gluing. The person skilled in the art knows that positive-locking or material-locking connections, such as welded connections in the form of one or more

Connection points (eg spot weld) or as a linear (eg weld) or surface connection can be performed.

By means of the condensate return device according to the invention can advantageously flow a fluid comprising a vaporous and / or liquid fluid from the condenser through the tube into the evaporator. That is, it is preferable that in the tube there is a flowing fluid comprising vaporous and liquid fluid. For the purposes of the invention, a fluid refers in particular to a gas or a liquid. The

Refrigerant, which may be referred to as fluid within the meaning of the invention, is present in the condenser as vapor and liquid.

The gaseous refrigerant present in the condenser must not enter the evaporator to any significant extent. The condensate return device according to the invention is designed open to vapor, so that a defined mass flow of steam from the

Capacitor flows through the device into the evaporator. Although the refrigerant flowing in the gaseous state through the apparatus to the evaporator is adsorbed by the adsorbent material of the adsorber / desorber unit, it does not contribute to the refrigerating capacity of the evaporator since the evaporation of the refrigerant does not take place in the evaporator chamber. As a result, the actual refrigeration process is impaired and there is a loss of performance. The power loss is due to the fact that steam passes directly from the condenser into the evaporator. Due to the condensate recirculation according to the invention, the power loss amounts to less than 2%.

According to the invention, a tube is used which, due to a specific diameter and a corresponding length, offers surprising advantages over the prior art having. The diameter and the length of the tube are chosen so that the condensate can flow on the one hand without difficulty without backflow to the evaporator, the steam flows from the condenser on the other hand in a negligible or negligible amount in the evaporator. This effect is produced in particular by pressure losses of the vapor flow in the tube and is due to the large density difference between the liquid condensate and the gaseous vapor. This difference in density has the consequence that the mass flow of the steam through a pipe of a certain diameter, for example with water as refrigerant, is up to 200 times smaller than the flow of the liquid refrigerant. It is known to the person skilled in the art that the mass flow and not the volume flow of the steam is the decisive variable for the loss of cooling capacity. In the current

Adsorption cooling process, the mass flow of condensate varies between zero and a maximum value. By the condensate return device is also ensured that even with complete emptying of the flowing steam a very small

Mass flow has, which corresponds to a negligible loss of cooling capacity. It is preferred that the mass flow of the liquid condensate is 0.4 g / s per kW cooling capacity, wherein the steam mass flow, in particular the mass flow of the vaporous refrigerant at idling is at most 1% of the mass flow of the liquid condensate. Preference is given to a steam mass flow of 0.004 g / s per kW cooling capacity. It was completely surprising that despite a steam-open condensate return device a

Adsorption chiller can be operated efficiently. It is not unreasonable for a person skilled in the art to reproduce the invention and to provide a tube which allows the required mass flows of liquid and vapor condensate to pass. The person skilled in the art can carry out simple comparative experiments for this purpose.

In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to a

Condensate return device for an adsorption refrigeration machine, comprising at least one tube, wherein the tube with a condenser and an evaporator of

Adsorptionskältemaschine is connected vapor-open and a mass flow

vaporous refrigerant of not more than 0% to 3%, preferably 0.5% to 2% and particularly preferably 1% to 1, 5% of the mass flow of the liquid condensate, in particular

Refrigerant flows through the pipe. It was completely surprising that one

Condensate return device can be provided in which flows in addition to the liquid condensate, in particular the liquid refrigerant mass flow of the vapor refrigerant of a maximum of 1% of the mass flow of the liquid refrigerant, wherein the power drop of the adsorption is less than 4%, preferably less than 2% , This represents a departure from the state of the art - - described recirculation facilities, as they are designed exclusively steam-sealed and therefore pass no mass flow of steam.

To calculate the dimensions using the example of a tube, the following formulas may preferably be used: Steam flow (loss of cooling power):

The cooling capacity loss due to the flow of steam flowing from the condenser to the evaporator can be calculated by the following formula: Q = m - AH _V

Q: performance

m: mass flow

AH _v Evaporative enthalpy of the refrigerant It also applies:

m p - V

p: density (here steam)

V: volumetric flow

V = u ^■ A

u: flow velocity

A: Transverse surface of the pipe

All in all:

Q = p - u - A - AH _v The velocity of the flow can be calculated from the following formula:

Ap: pressure drop (here differential pressure between evaporator and condenser) ζ: drag coefficient

All in all

The power loss is a function of the drag coefficient:

Q power loss

ζ: resistance coefficient

In the case of a tube, the following formula applies to the drag coefficient - - λ: Pipe friction coefficient

/: Pipe length

d: pipe diameter condensate:

For the mass flow of the condensate, a similar formula applies:

The optimal choice of geometry and drag coefficient of

Condensate return device should ensure that:

- the maximum permissible power loss is not exceeded

- the condensate flows smoothly from the condenser to the evaporator without it being e.g. accumulating in the condenser. Further advantages of the invention include:

- smaller and lighter than the state of the art

- regardless of the size or height of the adsorption machine

- simple, no moving parts, durable

In contrast to the prior art, the condensate return device has no vibrations during the operation of the adsorption chiller

- easier to manufacture

- Design of the return is very flexible, since in particular only the length and the diameter of the tube are crucial

- Low loss even at idle due to the high pressure losses in the pipe - the condensate is reliable and without backlog in the condenser to

Evaporator led

- Has a long life, which advantageously corresponds to the life of the entire machine

- is not prone to failure - -

- simple design, without complicated control technology, without actuators or

Sensors work and without components that can easily clog

- is self-regulating

- is independent of the size and design of the adsorption chiller

A tube describes in the context of the invention, in particular an elongated hollow body whose length is usually much larger than its cross-section. It may also have a rectangular, oval or other cross-section. The tube preferably has a length of 0 to 2 m, wherein in particular a length of 0.1 m to 1 m is advantageous. The tube can be easily connected to the components of the adsorption chiller and is easily customizable, so it is universally applicable. For example, an installer can shorten the pipe on site and adjust it to a required length. It has also been found that the tube is very low maintenance to maintenance free, since it is a simple construction. For the purposes of the invention, it may also be advantageous to make the tube so short that it only serves as an opening between the

Condenser and the evaporator is present. This may be necessary in particular for very compact systems. Nothing of the kind is described in the prior art.

Accordingly, a tube according to the invention in particular also includes an opening or passage through which a mass flow of liquid and vapor

Refrigerant can flow. It may therefore be preferable to arrange at least one opening or passage between the condenser and the evaporator.

The tube is preferably made of metal, plastic and / or ceramic materials. Preferred variants include steel, stainless steel, cast iron, copper, brass, nickel alloys, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, plastic, combinations of plastic and metal (composite pipe), combinations of glass and metal (enamel) or

Ceramics. It may also be preferred to connect a plurality of tubes to one another in a force-locking and / or material-locking manner. Frictional connections include clamping rings, molded parts, bent pipe sections, screws or rivets. Bonded joints include gluing, welding, brazing or vulcanizing. Due to the good thermal conductivity copper or aluminum is advantageously used as the material for the tubes, whereby the use of stainless steel can be advantageous because it has high static and dynamic strength values and high corrosion resistance. Plastic pipes, for example polyvinyl chloride, are particularly light and flexible and can thus reduce the weight of the adsorption chiller. Ceramic materials, - - comprehensive building ceramic materials, have a high stability and long durability. Particularly advantageous are combinations of the materials listed, since thus

different material properties can be combined. The preferred materials meet the high manufacturing requirements of a pipe, or a

Adsorption chiller because they are stable to high temperatures or varying pressures.

It is preferred that the tube has diameters of 0.01 to 15 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm and more preferably 3 to 6 mm. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tube is angled or not straight. Advantageously, it may also have bends or angles. It is preferable that a pipe for a 10kW adsorption refrigerator has a diameter of 4mm and a length of 2m, the cooling power loss being more preferably 1.5%. The diameter / length ratio is preferably 1 to 500, the ratio of the performance of the adsorption chiller is and is given only by way of example. In the tube, there is preferably a pressure-reducing element. However, it may also be preferred that the tube function as a pressure reducing element based on its diameter to length ratio. That is, the diameter is reduced or the length increased so far that the liquid condensate (in particular the refrigerant) and a small volume of vapor refrigerant, preferably less than or equal to 1% of the mass flow of the liquid condensate from the evaporator through the tube into the evaporator flows. The power loss of the adsorption chiller is

preferably less than 2%. It is known to the person skilled in the art that the diameter of a pipe can be reduced in such a way that only one liquid and no or little steam flows through it. For the purposes of the invention, this state can be referred to as open-vapor.

The pressure-reducing element, which is preferably arranged in the tube, is preferably a throttle, a valve or a stopcock. The elements can be integrated into a tube and cause a local narrowing of the flow cross-section.

Advantageously, different valves, which can be classified according to their geometric shape, be integrated into the tubes. In this case, valves comprising through valves, angle valves, angle seat valves and / or three-way valves can be used. By using the valves, the flow rates in the pipes can be precisely and precisely metered by changing the nominal diameter, as well as being able to close securely against the environment. The valves can advantageously be operated by hand, by medium, mechanically or electromagnetically. A throttle is within the meaning of the invention Preferably, a conical piece of tube within a tube is preferred, with concentric or eccentric reductions being preferred as well.

In a further preferred embodiment, the pressure-reducing element is an aperture and / or a built-in component. A built-in part includes, for example, a reduced cross-section of a casing or parts of the casing of a strand, a T-piece with reduced outlet or a sleeve, aperture, fitting or measuring, control or control device with reduced cross-section. The person skilled in fluid mechanics knows how such a built-in component can be integrated into a pipe. The pressure reducing or

Cross-section reducing elements can be advantageously integrated into one or more tubes, and it may be advantageous to make these adjustable and variable. That is, the pressure-reducing elements may be controllable or self-regulating, thereby preferably at any time and condition the optimum or preferred

Pressure reduction can be adjusted, since the flowing cross-section of the tubes can be reduced or increased. The adjustability of the pressure-reducing element can be realized manually, for example by means of a manual tap. However, it may also be preferred that the

Setting of the pressure-reducing element and thus the flow-through pipe cross-section automatically and / or runs self-regulating. Here, the pressure-reducing element may be provided with measuring and control devices, for example, measure the pressure in the tube and based on this, the nominal diameter of the tube, that change the cross-section of the tube through the pressure-reducing element.

It may thus be preferred that the pressure-reducing element changes the nominal diameter of the pipes or the pipe or the cross-section of the free flow such that substantially liquid condensate and a small volume of vapor from the

Condenser flows into the evaporator.

In a further preferred embodiment, at least one measuring and / or

Control device to the condensate return device, in particular the condenser and / or the evaporator installed. The measuring and / or regulating device measures in particular physical properties of the refrigerant, including temperature and / or pressure. The measurement and / or control device can thus determine the vapor pressure in the condenser, wherein the measured quantities are digitized and output as data. Advantageously, it is also possible to store the measured data and to use it for comparative experiments, whereby optimization of the adsorption refrigeration machine is possible. It may be preferred that the measured data - the so-called actual values - be compared with predetermined target values and, if necessary, existing difference causes the control device preferably varies the pipe size or the cross section of the free flow over the pressure reducing element. As a result, the condensate return device can be easily and quickly adapted to different modes of operation or operating points of the adsorption chiller. For this purpose, the desired values preferably correspond to values which define a specific mode of operation.

The person skilled in the art knows that operating points may designate certain points in the characteristic diagram or on the characteristic curve of a technical device, preferably a sorption machine, particularly preferably an adsorption chiller or adsorption heat engine, which are adopted on the basis of the system properties and acting external influences and parameters. Examples are the temperatures of the

Heat sinks and sources or total volume flows in the recooling circuit in the evaporator or Desorberstrang.

Within the meaning of the invention, the system configuration preferably designates the configuration of the machine, that is to say, for example, the internal hydraulic connection of the components of the machine, the internal connection of the components on the refrigerant side or the changed basic structure of the machine (eg number of adsorbers, operation of the machine)

Evaporator, the condenser, etc.).

The condensate return device can be easily known by those skilled in the art

Fasteners are connected to the condenser and the evaporator, so that there is a vapor-open connection between the condenser and condenser. It was quite surprising that for this purpose a tube can be used, which causes a pressure reduction either due to the combination of diameter and length or by means of a component such as a diaphragm. As a result, it is surprisingly achieved that the liquid condensate from the condenser can flow into the evaporator, wherein likewise vaporous refrigerant flows into the evaporator. However, the mass flow of steam is so low that only a power reduction of less than 2% occurs. Advantageously, the mass flow of the steam

in particular at most 1% of the mass flow of the liquid refrigerant. This represents a departure from the technically usual and opens up a new technical field, since by the use of the pipe no equipment adaptations to different

Operating modes of a sorption, preferably an adsorption more necessary. This in turn leads to a reduction in manufacturing costs and a universal applicability of the machines. In addition, the condensate return device is a simple construction that can be made in different lengths or dimensions. In the prior art, the use of steam-open - -

Return devices avoided, whereby the invention turns away from the technical standard.

Advantageously, the condensate return device and for 1-chamber systems, for example with 2 adsorbers, but also for 2- or multi-chamber systems, each with only one adsorber of a Adsorptionskältemaschine be used. In addition, it can be easily and quickly adapted to other types of sorption machines. Essentially, the machines do not have to be modified in terms of apparatus.

It is known to a person skilled in the art that the pressure loss designates the pressure difference resulting from wall friction and internal fluid friction in pipelines. In the condenser and the evaporator, preferably different pressures are present. This ensures that substantially no liquid or vapor refrigerant flows from the evaporator into the condenser. The term "substantially" is not an unclear formulation to the skilled person in terms of printing, since he recognizes by the overall disclosure of the teaching of the invention that the pressure is preferably different in both components of the adsorption and this

Formulation of course captures small as well as large pressure differences alike. The different pressures can be determined, for example, by measuring methods described in the prior art.

The average person skilled in the art has hitherto assumed that no steam may flow from the condenser into the evaporator through the return devices, as this leads to a drop in the performance of the adsorption chiller. That is, hitherto vapor-open return devices have not been used for the said use, since a drop in performance was assumed by the experts. However, it has been found that the use of at least one steam-open pipe as a condensate return device, especially when used in an adsorption chiller, does not lead to significant power drops or other disadvantages. This was completely surprising and represents a departure from the prior art. In this case, it is preferred that the mass flow of the vapor, in particular of the vaporous refrigerant is in particular at most 1% of the mass flow of the liquid refrigerant. The skilled artisan can use these details to recreate the invention, without having to be inventive, since he can determine the dimensions of the condensate return device, in particular the pipe by simple comparative experiments without high technical effort to determine.

The invention also relates to an adsorption refrigerating machine comprising a

Condensate return device comprising at least one adsorber / desorber unit, - - A condenser and evaporator unit, wherein the condensate return device consists of a vapor-open pipe between the evaporator and condenser unit and in the tube is a pressure-reducing element. It may also be preferred to arrange at least one, preferably a plurality of tubes between evaporator and condenser.

Furthermore, the invention relates in particular to an adsorption chiller comprising at least one adsorber desorber unit with heat exchanger and sorption material, at least one condenser, at least one condenser heat exchanger, at least one evaporator-condenser unit and / or an evaporator heat exchanger, wherein the condensate return device as at least a vapor-open pipe between

Evaporator and condenser and there is a pressure-reducing element in at least one tube, the adsorption chiller connecting and connecting elements and pipe feedthrough for hydraulic interconnection and operation has. The average person skilled in the art knows which of the abovementioned assemblies he has to use depending on the type of adsorption chiller. The above list represents a group of units from which - depending on the type of Adsorptionskältemaschine - individual units can be joined together; The person skilled in the selection and the joining of the individual components is known.

The invention also relates to the use of a condensate return device for

Returning a fluid from a condenser to an evaporator

Adsorption. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that at least one tube is arranged between the evaporator and the condenser, wherein at least one tube is open to vapor and in at least one tube preferably a pressure-reducing element is present. It is also preferred that at least one tube is designed only as a passage or opening and accordingly exists between the evaporator and condenser at least one passage or at least one opening.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for condensate return a

An adsorption refrigerating machine comprising at least one pipe arranged between a condenser and an evaporator of the adsorption refrigerating machine, wherein a liquid refrigerant present in the condenser and a vaporous refrigerant flow into the evaporator via at least one pipe and an adsorption chiller power loss of less than 5%. , preferably less than 2%.

At least one tube preferably has a pressure-reducing element. - -

Below, the invention will be explained by way of example by way of example, but without being limited thereto. Show it:

Fig. 1 Adsorptionskältemaschine according to the prior art

Fig. 2 u. 3 Preferred Embodiments of the Code Return Device FIG. 4 Preferably compact adsorption refrigeration machine with alternative

design

Fig. 5 Preferred design range of the condensate return device

Fig. 1 shows an adsorption chiller according to the prior art. A

Adsorption chiller 1 is divided, as any conventional chiller, in two

Areas with different pressure: to the high pressure area belongs the condenser 2 and the desorber 3; to the low-pressure region of the evaporator 4 and the adsorber 3. In the cycle of the adsorption, the condensate from the condenser 2 (higher pressure) back to the evaporator 4 (low pressure) must be performed. The individual components are connected to each other via vapor openings, which allow a flow of steam.

Figs. 2 and 3 show preferred embodiments of the condensate return device. The condenser 2 of an adsorption chiller has a certain level of liquid refrigerant 6, which flows from the condenser 2 into the evaporator 4 by means of the condensate return device 7. The connection between the condenser 2 and the evaporator 4 is produced by at least one tube 8 in which there is advantageously a pressure-reducing element 9. Due to a specific diameter and a corresponding length of the tube 8, the condensate return device 7 has surprising advantages over the prior art. The diameter and the length of the tube 8 are preferably chosen so that the liquid refrigerant 6 can flow on the one hand without difficulty and without backflow to the evaporator 4, wherein the steam from the condenser 2 on the other hand flows in a negligible or negligible amount in the evaporator 4 , preferably less than 1% of the mass flow of the liquid refrigerant. This effect is preferably produced by pressure losses of the steam flow in the tube 8 and is due to the large density difference between the liquid condensate and the gaseous vapor. The tube 8 itself may have a pressure-reducing element, for example, by a diaphragm is arranged in the tube 8. However, it may also be preferred that the diameter and length of the tube 8 is selected so that liquid refrigerant flows through it, but vaporous refrigerant only with a low mass flow. in the - -

According to the invention, the tube 8 may also be referred to as a pressure-reducing element 9.

4 shows an alternative design of an adsorption chiller. Here is the

Capacitor 2 is arranged directly above the evaporator 4. Between the

Condenser 2 and the evaporator 4, the condensate return device 7 is arranged, wherein the tube 8 of the condensate return device 7 is configured as an opening or passage 8. However, it may also be preferable to arrange at least, preferably a plurality of openings / passages 8 between the evaporator 4 and the condenser 2. The condensate return is then through one or more openings / passages 8, which may be referred to in the sense of the invention, in particular as holes in the partition wall between the two chambers.

Fig. 5 shows the preferred design range of the condensate return device. In order to design the condensate return device optimally, a pressure loss is preferred, in particular a diameter / length ratio in which the liquid condensate, in particular the liquid refrigerant flows through the condensate return device, but also also steam. This results in a high power loss. On the other hand, the condensate return device can be designed such that the power loss is minimal and no steam flows through, but accumulates the liquid condensate. It was completely surprising that a condensate return device can be provided, through which flows a mass flow of liquid refrigerant, in particular condensate but also in particular a maximum of 1% of the mass flow of liquid condensate as a vapor refrigerant. This represents a departure from the technically usual.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 adsorption chiller

2 capacitor unit

3 adsorber / desorber unit

4 evaporator unit

5 steam holes

6 Liquid refrigerant

7 Condensate return device

8 pipe / opening / passage

9 pressure reducing element

Claims

claims

Condensate return device (7) for an adsorption refrigerating machine (1), comprising at least one tube (8),

characterized in that

at least one tube (8) with a condenser (2) and an evaporator (4) of the Adsorptionskältemaschine (1) is connected open to vapor.

Condensate return device (7) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

a pressure reducing element (9) is present in the tube (8).

Condensate return device (7) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that

the tube (8) consists of metal, plastic and / or ceramic materials.

Condensate return device (7) according to one or more of the previous

Claims,

characterized in that

the tube (8) has a diameter of 0.01 to 15 mm, preferably 2 to 10 mm and particularly preferably 3 to 6 mm.

Condensate return device (7) according to one or more of the previous

Claims,

characterized in that

the pressure-reducing element (9) is selected from the group comprising throttle, valve, shut-off valve, orifice and / or built-in part.

Condensate return device (7) according to one or more of the previous

claims

characterized in that

the pressure-reducing element (9) is adjustable and variable.

Condensate return device (7) according to one or more of the previous

claims

characterized in that

the tube (8) is material or form-fitting connected to the evaporator (4) and the condenser (2).

8. condensate return device (7) according to one or more of the preceding claims

characterized in that

in the tube (8) there is a flowing fluid comprising vaporous and liquid fluid.

9. A method for condensate recycling an adsorption chiller (1), comprising at least one tube (8) which is arranged between a condenser (2) and an evaporator (4) of the Adsorptionskältemaschine (1), wherein one, in the evaporator (4) present liquid Refrigerant and a vaporous refrigerant via at least one tube (8) in the evaporator (4) flow and a

Performance of the adsorption chiller (1) of less than 5%, preferably less than 2% sets.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein in at least one tube (8) a

pressure reducing element (9) is present.

1 1. Use of a condensate return device (7) according to claims 1 to 8 for returning a fluid from a condenser (2) in an evaporator (4) of a Adsorptionskältemaschine (1).

12. Use of a condensate return device (7) according to claim 1 1, wherein at least one tube (8) between the evaporator (4) and the capacitor (2) is arranged.

13. Use according to claim 1 1 or 12, wherein at least one tube (8) is open to vapor and in at least one tube (8) is a pressure-reducing element (9).

14. Adsorptionskältemaschine (1) comprising a condensate return device (7) according to claims 1 to 8, comprising at least one adsorber / Desorber- unit (3), a condenser (2) and evaporator unit (4), wherein the

Condensate return device (7) as at least one steam-open pipe (8) between evaporator (4) and condenser unit (2) and in at least one tube (8) is present a pressure-reducing element (9).