WO2012040998A1

WO2012040998A1 - Electric arc plasma torch and application method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2012040998A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/001249
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周开根
Original assignee: Zhou Kaigen
Priority date: 2010-09-28
Filing date: 2011-07-29
Publication date: 2012-04-05

Abstract

An electric arc plasma torch and an application method thereof. The torch comprises a cathode, an anode, a torch barrel, and a rear base. The rear end of the torch barrel is connected to the rear base forming a torch body; the cathode is connected to the front end of the torch barrel wherein an annular space forms a torch nozzle; a space in the torch barrel forms a gas chamber; the rear base forms a closed end at the rear of the torch barrel; the front end of the anode extends into the torch barrel via a through hole on the rear base, a space between the front end of the anode and of the cathode forms an electrical discharge space; the rear portion of the anode body is outside of the torch body; a service water interface is connected from the outside of the torch body into a cooling chamber of the anode. The application method is as follows: using water as a coolant of the anode and of the cathode of the arc plasma torch, then vaporizing the water into water vapor, using the vaporization latent heat to absorb heat from the anode and the cathode, avoiding or slowing anode and cathode ablation; then using the water vapor as a service gas or an object to be heated, forming an activated chemical by means of electric field ionization, decomposition, and activation, and spraying into a gasification chamber to have a chemical reaction with carbon forming synthesized gas.

Description

Arc plasma spray gun and application method

This invention relates to electrical heating apparatus, and more particularly to a plasma heating apparatus.

Background technique

At present, plasma technology has been widely used in industrial applications such as plasma ignition, plasma spraying, metal smelting, plasma heating to manufacture nanomaterials, cutting, waste incineration and waste treatment. In recent years, the technology of using plasma to treat hazardous and harmful wastes and domestic garbage has developed rapidly. The treatment of plasma is very different from the general method of incineration. The plasma is formed under the ionosphere or discharge phenomenon. The state, along with the discharge phenomenon, will generate reactive chemicals for excited atoms, excited molecules, dissociated atoms, free radicals, atomic or molecular ion groups, and reactions caused by their collision with other chemicals. In the plasma generator, the discharge action causes the working gas molecules to lose the outer layer electrons to form an ion state, which collides with each other to generate a high temperature, and the temperature can reach tens of thousands of degrees or more. The method of plasma heating is also: ohmic heating, which is heated by the impedance of the plasma; magnetic compression heating, the external magnetic field is applied to the plasma to compress it, thereby causing temperature rise, and this method The heated plasma can continue to heat up; neutral atomic injection heating, high-energy neutral atoms are injected into the magnetic field to obtain high temperature; using static waves, plasma waves, magnetoacoustic waves, magnetohydrodynamic waves and electromagnetic waves in the plasma Instability to warm; magnetic pump heating and ion cyclotron resonance wave heating; using laser beam, strong high-energy particle beam, microwave radiation and plasma heating using shock waves, so the center temperature of the plasma torch can be as high Above 50,000 degrees Celsius, the torch edge temperature can reach more than 3 thousand degrees. When the treated garbage waste is subjected to high temperature and high pressure plasma, its molecules and atoms will be recombined to form new substances, thus making harmful substances change. It is harmless.

At present, the gasification agent used in the conventional coal gasification unit is water vapor + air or water vapor + oxygen. When the gasifier is working, water vapor + air or steam + oxygen is directly sent to the gasifier to make water vapor. Syngas is reacted with charcoal to form syngas, and the reaction is endothermic. It needs to be heated by air or oxygen and carbon to provide heat. The gasification rate of this gasification method is only about 70%, which will increase. The consumption of coal resources, at the same time, the production of a large amount of carbon dioxide waste gas in the syngas, not only affects the quality of the syngas, but also emits a large amount of greenhouse gases in the post-production. For example, a plasma spray gun is used to heat-decompose the steam gasification agent and then spray it into the gasifier for chemical reaction with the coke. The reaction occurs is an exothermic reaction, which can provide the gasifier with the raw material for drying and pyrolysis. The heat so that the gasifier does not need to input air or oxygen, the proportion of hydrogen in the produced syngas is high, and the content of exhaust gas is low. When used as raw material gas for producing methanol, the production of methanol per ton reduces the coal consumption compared with conventional technology. About 40%, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 45%.

Domestic garbage has low calorific value and low fixed carbon content in chemical components. For example, conventional steam, air or oxygen is used as a gasifying agent to gasify domestic garbage. Water vapor reacts with waste carbon to form syngas. The thermal reaction will consume the heat of the gasifier. The gasifier needs to input air or oxygen, and consume fuel, so that the exhaust gas content in the syngas is high, and the useful component in the obtained syngas is quite low, almost exhaust gas. To the application requirements of chemical raw materials. In recent years, plasma technology has been applied to the field of domestic waste gasification. The plasma spray gun is used to heat water vapor to 400 (TC or more, and the active chemicals that decompose water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen are injected into the gasifier, and the waste charcoal. Carry out a chemical reaction, which is an exothermic reaction. The gasification furnace can be provided with the heat required for drying and pyrolysis of the raw materials, so that the gasification furnace does not need to input air or oxygen, so that the quality of the synthesis gas converted by the domestic garbage is good, and the requirements of the chemical raw materials are met, and after the synthesis gas is passed through The equipment produces methanol or dimethyl ether to achieve zero-emission treatment of domestic waste, and at the same time converts waste into chemical raw materials needed by humans. Therefore, the effect of using a plasma spray gun to heat-decompose water vapor and then spray it into a gasifier and directly feed water vapor into the gasifier is very different. For example, a syngas that vaporizes domestic waste becomes a useful material. A gasification technique in which plasma is used to decompose water vapor as a gasifying agent should be preferred.

Plasma pyrolysis water hydrogen production technology is one of the candidate technologies for water hydrogen production proposed in recent years. Because water is a fairly stable substance, under normal pressure conditions, water molecules hardly decompose at 2000K, 2500K. 25% of the water is decomposed. When the temperature reaches 4200K, the water molecules will be completely decomposed into hydrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, oxygen and hydrogen oxygen groups, but the general heating method is difficult to reach such a high temperature, and the plasma spray gun is used. It's easy to do.

The use of a plasma spray gun to heat the decomposed water vapor to make the gasification agent is the first choice in the field of coal gasification or domestic waste disposal. However, in order to prevent the electrode from being ablated, the existing plasma spray gun uses a circulating water to cool the electrode to protect the electrode. The circulating cooling water will carry away at least 30% of the heat, making the efficiency of the plasma spray gun only about 70%. Existing plasma spray guns have the disadvantages of inefficient efficiency and easy electrode ablation.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art plasma spray gun and the disadvantage that the electrode is easily ablated, and design and manufacture an arc plasma spray gun with high efficiency and easy ablation of the electrode, which is used for a coal gasification device. Waste biomass gasification unit, pyrolysis water hydrogen production unit or burner, overcoming the direct use of water vapor as a gasifying agent, low gasification rate, large consumption of coal resources, emission of greenhouse gases and production of syngas The disadvantage of low quality is to reduce coal resource consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

An arc plasma torch of the present invention comprises a gun body, a cathode and an anode, characterized in that the arc plasma torch is composed of an anode (1), a cathode (3), a barrel (2) and a rear seat (4), wherein The anode (1) has a hollow annular structure, the annular body has an annular cooling groove (1-1), the annular cooling groove (1-1) has a cooling water interface (15), and the cathode (3) has a hollow rod structure. There is a cooling chamber (3-4) in the rod body, and a working water port (3-3) in the cooling chamber (3-4); the rear seat (4) is a disc body structure, and the center of the disc body has a through hole The anode (1), the barrel (2) and the rear seat (4) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the rear seat (4) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the barrel The front end of (2), the annular space of the anode (1) constitutes the spout (16), the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes the air chamber (14), and the rear seat (4) constitutes the rear closed end of the barrel (2) The front end of the cathode (3) extends into the barrel (2) through a via in the rear seat (4), between the front end of the cathode (3) and the anode (1) A discharge space formed between; a cathode (3) of the rear portion of the rod outside the body of the gun, the working water interface (3-3) by a cooling chamber access gun vitro (3-4) a cathode (3).

In the arc plasma torch described above, a cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) and a steam vent (1-3) are formed on the ring wall between the annular cooling groove (1-1) and the nozzle (16) of the anode (1). ), wherein the cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) is a circular hole or a square hole or a triangular hole structure, and the cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) is connected to the steam injection groove (1-3), and the steam injection groove (1) -3) is a strip-shaped slit structure; cooling water vaporization holes (1-2) on one side of the annular cooling tank (1-1), cooling water vaporization holes (1-2) and steam injection grooves (1 - 3) The annular cooling tank (1-1) communicates with the space between the nozzles (16), the steam injection grooves (1-3) enter the nozzle (16) in a tangential direction _{, and the} anode (1) has a power terminal (17).

In the above arc plasma torch, the cathode (3) is composed of a cathode rod (3a), a cathode head (3b) and a cathode cap (3c). Composition, wherein the cathode rod (3a) is a tubular structure, the inner space of the tube constitutes a cooling chamber (3-4), the cooling chamber (3-4) has a working water interface (3-3), and the front end of the cathode head (3b) The tapered conical surface, the middle and the rear are cylindrical; the cathode head (3b) has vaporization fins (3b-1) on the rear, and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are arranged in a multi-piece annular shape, vaporized The gap between the ribs (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), the vaporization fin (3b-1) has a fitting flange (3b-2); the cathode cap (3c) has a fitting flange (3b) -2) Fastened to the wall of the front end of the cathode rod (3a), the front end of the cathode head (3b) protrudes from the cathode cap (3c), and the annular groove space between the cathode cap (3c) and the cathode head (3b) The steam ring (3-8), the space of the cooling chamber (3-4) is connected to the steam ring (3-8) through the vaporization chamber (3-9), and the outlet of the steam ring (3-8) is in the gas chamber. (14).

In another arc plasma torch of the present invention, a cathode base (18) is used instead of a rear seat (4), and a cathode base (18) constitutes a rear closed end of the barrel (2), and the cathode base (18) is The disk body design has a through hole in the center of the disk body, the through hole constitutes a mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) and a cooling cavity (3-4), and the mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) is on one side of the gun body. The cathode cap (3c) fastens the cathode head (3b) on the cathode base (18); the outside of the cathode base (18) has a working water port (3 - 3) and a cathode terminal (22), a working water port (3-3) and the cooling chamber (3-4) are set in the same hole.

When the above two kinds of arc plasma spray guns are working, first use steam or other air or hydrogen or gasifier feedback gas as the working gas when the plasma spray gun is started. After the arc is normally operated, replace the water vapor or air with water or The hydrogen or gasifier feedback gas is divided into two into the plasma spray gun, one of which enters the annular cooling tank (1-1) of the anode (1), absorbs the heat of the anode body, and vaporizes in the gasification hole (1-2). Water vapor, which uses the latent heat of vaporization of water to absorb the heat of the anode body to generate water vapor, and then enters the nozzle (16) in a tangential direction from the steam injection tank (1-3), and the active chemical is ejected from the spray gun; the other enters the cathode ( 3) The cooling chamber (3-4) in the body absorbs the heat of the cathode body, vaporizes it into water vapor in the vaporization chamber (3-9), absorbs the heat of the cathode by using the latent heat of vaporization of the water, and then, the water vapor acts as a plasma spray gun. The working gas is ejected from the vapor ring (3-8) into the discharge zone, ionized, decomposed and activated to become active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0, from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun (16) spray . In the above process: water is first used as a coolant for the anode (1) and the cathode (3), and then vaporized into water vapor, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water absorbs the heat of the anode (1) and the cathode (3) to avoid or slow down the anode ( 1) ablation with the cathode (3), using water vapor as the working gas or as the object to be heated, ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become active chemicals, which are sprayed into the gasifier by the plasma spray gun and reacted with charcoal. The chemical reaction produces syngas. When the plasma torch is in operation, a part of the water vapor in the plasma spray gun body acts as a isolating agent or coolant between the gun body and the plasma arc to protect the gun body from being ablated.

Yet another arc plasma torch of the present invention is characterized by an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1), a barrel (2), The cathode (3) and the cathode base (18) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the front end of the barrel (2). The inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, and the cathode base ( 18) constituting the rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is an annular body structure, the annular space constitutes a spout (16), and the annular body of the anode (1) has vaporized ribs (1-7) The vaporized ribs (1-7) are in a multi-piece manner, and each vaporized rib (1-7) has an annular array centered on the center of the ring, and the space between each vaporized rib (1-7) constitutes a vaporization groove ( 1-6); The barrel (2) is a cylindrical structure with a water-passing hole (25) in the barrel wall of the barrel (2), and a flared space at the front of the barrel (2), flared Space constitutes a ring The groove (1-1); the cathode base (18) is a three-layer annular wall cylinder structure, and the inner ring wall of the cathode base (18) constitutes a cathode rod (3a), a space between the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall As part of the gas chamber (14), the space between the middle ring wall and the outer ring wall constitutes an anode water supply chamber (24), the anode water supply chamber (24) has a cooling water port (15), and the anode water supply chamber (24) is The water passage hole (25) is connected to the annular cooling groove (1-1), between the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall The gas chamber (14) has a working gas port (19) access, the back end of the cathode base (18) has a working water port (3-3), and the working water port (3-3) communicates with the cooling chamber of the cathode (3) -4); The cathode (3) has a cylindrical structure, the cathode (3) has a steam ring (3-8) at the front, and the cathode (3) has a cooling chamber (3-4) in the cylinder, and the cathode (3) The cylinder has vaporization fins (3b-1), the vaporization fins (3b-1) are in multiple pieces, and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are in an annular array with the axis of the cathode (3), and each vaporized rib The space between the sheets (3b-l) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), the vaporization chamber (3-9) is in communication with the cooling chamber (3-4), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) is passed through the vapor ring (3- 8) Connect to the spout (16). a compression coil (20a) or a conductive ring (20b) is disposed in the front flared space of the barrel (2), and the anode (1) is electrically connected to the power source through the compression coil (20a) or the conductive ring (20b); An annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) and a steaming groove (1-3) are disposed between the inner side of the front wall and the side wall of the anode (1), and the vaporizing tank (1-6) is connected to the ring. The steam collecting chamber (1-8), the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) is connected to the steam spraying tank (1-3), and the steam spraying tank (1-3) is connected to the gas chamber (14) or the spout (16). Another way of the arc plasma torch is to nest an excess piece (23) between the barrel (2) and the cathode base (18), and the excess piece (23) constitutes the outer ring wall of the anode water supply chamber (24). . When the arc plasma spray gun is in operation, the two water paths are respectively sent into the plasma spray gun from the cooling water port (15) and the working water port (3-3), wherein the water supply port (15) is sent from the cooling water port (15). Ionized water, deionized water passes through the water hole (25) to the annular cooling tank (1-1), and then enters the vaporization tank (1-6). The heat of the absorption anode (1) is vaporized into water vapor, and then the annular steam is collected. The chamber (1-8) enters the discharge zone by the steam vent (1-3) and is ionized, decomposed and activated into active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , O and HO from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun (16). Squirting; tap water or deionized water from the working water port (3-3), water enters the vaporization chamber (3-9) through the cathode cooling chamber (3-4), and absorbs the cathode head ( 3b) After the heat is vaporized, it enters the discharge zone through the steam ring (3-8), is ionized, decomposed and activated into active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , O and HO from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun ( 16) squirting; at the same time, the air or hydrogen or gasifier feedback gas is sent from the interface (19) into the plasma lance as working gas. Gas chamber (14) into the discharge region, is ionized to positive and negative ions, into a plasma arc is discharged from the nozzle of the plasma torch (16); become activated and decomposed, H, 0 _2, 0, and H0 of The active chemical is ejected into the gasifier or boiler along with the plasma arc.

Yet another arc plasma torch of the present invention is characterized by an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1), a barrel (2), The cathode (3) and the cathode base (18) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the front end of the barrel (2). The inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, and the cathode base ( 18) The rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is an annular body structure, the toroidal space constitutes a spout (16), and the annular body of the anode (1) has vaporized ribs (1-7) The vaporized ribs (1-7) are arranged in multiple pieces, and each vaporized rib (1-7) is an annular array centered on the center of the ring, and the space between each vaporized rib (1-7) constitutes a vaporization groove ( 1-6); The barrel (2) consists of a double cylinder structure consisting of an outer cylinder (2a) and an inner cylinder (2b). The inner cylinder (2b) is disposed in the middle section of the outer cylinder (2a), and the outer cylinder (2a) Longer than the inner tube (2b), a part of the air chamber (14) is formed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2b) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (2a), and a water passage hole (25) is provided in the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2a), in the barrel (2) There is a flared space in the front part, and the flared space constitutes an annular cooling groove (1-1), and there is an annular collecting steam between the inner side of the barrel wall at the front of the barrel (2) and the side wall of the anode (1). The chamber (1-8), the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) is connected to the air chamber (14) via the vent hole (28); the outer cylinder (2a) of the barrel is connected to the cathode base (18), the cathode base The inner ring wall of the seat (18) constitutes a cathode rod (3a), and an excessive piece (23) is nested between the outer tube (2a) of the barrel and the cathode base (18), and the excess piece (23) constitutes an anode water supply. The outer ring wall of the chamber (24), the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected by a cooling water port (15), and the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the annular cooling tank (1-1) through the water passing hole (25), the cathode The rear end of the base (18) has a working water port (3-3), the working water port (3-3) is connected to the cooling chamber of the cathode (3-4); the cathode (3) is a cylindrical structure, the cathode (3) There is a steam ring (3-8) at the front, The cathode (3) has a cooling chamber (3-4) in the cylinder, a vaporized fin (3b-1) on the cylinder of the cathode (3), and a vaporized fin (3b-1) in a multi-piece manner, the vaporized fin (3b-l) is an annular array with the axis of the cathode (3), and the space between each vaporized fin (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), a vaporization chamber (3-9) and a cooling chamber ( 3-4) Connect, the vaporization chamber (3-9) is connected to the nozzle (16) through the steam ring (3-8); a compression coil (20a) or conductive is arranged in the front flared space of the barrel (2) Ring (20b), the anode (1) is electrically connected to the power source via a compression coil (20a) or a conductive ring (20b). When the arc plasma spray gun is in operation, the tap water or the middle water or the deionized water is sent into the plasma spray gun through the working water interface (3-3), and the water enters the vaporization chamber through the cooling chamber (3-4) of the cathode (3) -9), after the heat of the absorption cathode head (3b) is vaporized, it enters the discharge zone through the steam ring (3-8), is ionized, decomposed and activated to become an active chemical of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and HO. , is sprayed from the nozzle (16) of the plasma spray gun; the deionized water is sent from the cooling water port (15) into the plasma spray gun, and the deionized water passes through the water hole (25) to reach the annular cooling tank (1- 1), then enter the vaporization tank (1-6), the heat of the absorption anode (1) is vaporized, enters the gas chamber (14) through the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) and the vent hole (28), and then enters the discharge area. An active chemical that is ionized, decomposed, and activated to become H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0, and HO, ejected from the nozzle (16) of the plasma torch; decomposed and activated to become H, 0 ₂ , 0, and H0 The active chemical is ejected into the gasifier or boiler along with the plasma arc.

In the above arc plasma spray gun: the material selected for the barrel (2) is a high temperature resistant insulating material, including zirconia ceramics, alumina ceramics, quartz glass, etc.; anode (1) and cathode (3) or cathode head (3b) ) Use carbon-free or low-carbon high-temperature resistant metal materials, including tungsten alloy steel, nickel alloy steel, etc.; cathode rod (3a) is made of ordinary metal materials; cathode cap (3c) is made of metal material or High temperature resistant insulation material; the rear seat (4), the cathode base (18) and the drive screw (6) are made of ordinary metal materials. The anode (1) and the cathode (3) are manufactured by a die casting process, and then finished by finishing, or the anode (1) and the cathode (3) are subjected to decomposition processing, and then the respective decomposed components are spliced and combined, and then passed. Finishing is completed.

In the above arc plasma torch, the connection between the anode (1), the barrel (2), the rear seat (4) or the cathode base (18) is connected by a screw connection or a flange.

The application method of an arc plasma spray gun according to the present invention is characterized in that water is heated by a plasma spray gun and then sent to a gasification furnace as a vaporizer. The process of water in the plasma spray gun is: first, water is used as a plasma. The cathode (3) of the body spray gun and the coolant of the anode (1) are then vaporized into water vapor, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water absorbs the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1) to avoid or slow the ablation of the cathode and the anode. The water vapor is used as an operating gas or as a heated object, and is ionized, decomposed, and activated by an electric field to become an active chemical, which is injected into a gasification furnace by a plasma spray gun to chemically react with carbon to form a synthesis gas. Wherein: a part of the water vapor in the plasma spray gun acts as a isolating agent or coolant between the gun body and the plasma arc to protect the gun body from being ablated; the water vapor is heated to more than 4000 在 in the plasma spray gun to make water The chemical is decomposed into active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0. The gasifying agent injected into the gasifier includes active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0 decomposed by water molecules and undecomposed high temperature water. Steam; The gasifying agent injected into the gasifier by the plasma spray gun also serves as a heat carrying element, and the heat generated by the plasma spray gun enters the gasifier to provide heat to the gasifier. The gasification furnace described in the present method refers to a carbonization gasification device including a coal gasification device, an industrial polymer waste gasification device, waste rubber refining, a domestic garbage gasification device, and a biomass gasification device.

Another application method of the arc plasma spray gun of the present invention is characterized in that the plasma spray gun is used as a burner, and the water is decomposed by the plasma spray gun to be converted into the activity of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0. The chemicals are then injected into a boiler or kiln for reverse reaction combustion to provide the heat energy required for the boiler or furnace. Where: water is used first in the plasma spray gun The cathode (3), the anode (1) coolant, and then vaporized into water vapor, using the latent heat of vaporization of the water to absorb the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1), avoiding or slowing the ablation of the cathode and anode, and then water As the object of working gas or heat decomposition, steam is ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become active chemicals; water vapor is heated to more than 4200 在 in the plasma spray gun, so that the water molecules are completely decomposed and injected into the boiler by the plasma spray gun. The kiln is subjected to reverse reaction combustion; the active chemical injected into the boiler or kiln by the plasma spray gun also serves as a heat transfer element, and the arc heat carrying the plasma spray gun enters the boiler or the kiln to supply the heat energy required for the boiler or the kiln.

When the arc plasma spray gun described above is used in a coal gasification device, a waste biomass gasification device or a combustion device of a boiler, water is successively cooled during the process from water entering the plasma torch to being injected into the gasifier as a gasifying agent. The action of the agent, the action of the working gas, the decomposition of the active chemical, the heat carrier element and the gasification agent, the gasification agent produced by the water carries all the heat energy of the plasma spray gun into the gasifier without energy loss, so that the plasma The efficiency of the body spray gun is close to 100%. The water as a coolant is vaporized to water vapor at the anode and the cathode in situ, so that the anode and the cathode are cooled more quickly and the temperature of the electrode is lowered lower, and the latent heat of vaporization of water is 2257 kj/kg, which is in the cooling mode of the present invention. The cooling endothermic effect of the kilogram of water on the electrode absorbs 2257kj more than the way of circulating the water to cool the electrode. Therefore, the method of the present invention can reduce the temperature of the electrode in operation by 539Ό compared with the conventional cooling mode. More effective protection of the anode and cathode is not easily ablated, and the life of the cathode and anode is extended.

The arc plasma spray gun of the present invention is suitable for use in a coal gasification device, an industrial polymer waste gasification device, a waste carbon gasification device for waste rubber refining, a domestic waste gasification device, a biomass gasification device, and a plasma pyrolysis water system. Application on hydrogen plants and boiler combustion devices.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the invention is applied to a gasification device or used as a burner, the working water acts as a coolant, a working gas, and is heated and decomposed into active chemicals in the plasma spray gun, The heat carrier and the gasifying agent act, and the gasifying agent generated by the water carries all the heat energy converted by the electric energy of the plasma spray gun into the gasifier without energy loss, so that the efficiency of the plasma spray gun is close to 100%, which is higher than the conventional technology. The thermal efficiency is increased by more than 30%; the water as a coolant is vaporized into water vapor at the anode and cathode, so that the anode and the cathode are cooled more quickly and the temperature of the electrode is lowered lower, which can protect the anode and the cathode more effectively. Ablated, it can extend the life of the cathode and anode. Compared with conventional technology, the invention can reduce coal resource consumption, improve syngas quality and reduce greenhouse gas emissions; as a gasification measure for domestic garbage, convert domestic garbage into high-quality syngas, in line with production of methanol or dimethyl ether The raw material gas requirements provide support for zero discharge, non-polluting and resource disposal of domestic waste.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a structural view of an arc plasma torch of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a structural view of another arc plasma torch of the present invention;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the I area of Figure 1 or Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in the enlarged view of Zone I;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the II area of Figure 1 or Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in the enlarged view of Zone II;

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 1 or Figure 2;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1;

10, 11, and 12 are structural views of other arc plasma torches of the present invention; Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of the FF of Figure 10 or Figure 11;

Figure is a G-G cross-sectional view of Figure 10;

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H of Figure 10;

Figure 16 is a sectional view taken along line J-J of Figure 11 or Figure 12;

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of Figure 11;

Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line L-L of Figure 12;

Figure 19 is an enlarged view of the crotch region of Figures 10, 11, and 12;

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line M-M in the enlarged view of Zone III;

Figure 21 is an enlarged view of the IV area of Figures 10, 11, and 12;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line N-N in the enlarged view of the IV region.

In the figure: 1. anode, la. anode front jaw, lb. anode back jaw, 1-1. annular cooling groove, 1-2. cooling water vaporization hole, 1 - 3. steam vent, 1-4. ceramic protection Layer, 1-5. Ceramic protective layer, 1-6. Vaporization tank, 1-7. Vaporized ribs, 1-8. Annular collecting chamber; 2. Barrel, 2a. Outer cylinder, 2b. Inner cylinder; Cathode, 3a. Cathode rod, 3b. Cathode head, 3b_l. Vaporization fin, 3b- 2. Mounting flange, 3c. Cathode cap, 3-1. Chute, 3- 2. Drive screw hole, 3- 3 Working water interface, 3-4. Cooling chamber, 3- 8. Spray ring, 3 - 9. Vaporization chamber; 4. Rear seat; 5. Rear frame, 5-1. Slide rail; 6. Drive screw, 7 Shaft seat, 8. Screw adjustment handle, 9. Adjustment hole, 10. Fastening bolt, 11. Protective cover, 12. Packing box cover, 13. Sealing packing, 14. Air chamber, 15. Cooling water interface, 16. Spout, 17. power terminal, 18. cathode base, 19. working air interface, 20a. compression coil, 20b. conductive ring, 21. sealing gasket, 22. cathode terminal, 23. excess, 24. anode water supply Room, 25. water hole, 26. cathode water supply room, 27. through hole, 28. vent hole, 29. front packing box, 30. front sealing packing , 31. Hexagonal chute, 32. Rear packing box, 33. Rear packing cover, 34. Rear sealing packing, 35. Front packing cover.

detailed description

Embodiment 1 In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the arc plasma torch is mainly composed of an anode (1), a cathode (3), a barrel (2), a rear seat (4), a gas chamber (14) and a protective cover (11). The composition, wherein: the anode (1) is a hollow annular structure, the annular space of the annular body constitutes a spout (16), the annular body has an annular cooling groove (1-1), and the annular cooling groove (1-1) has cooling water The interface (15) is connected to the anode (1). The annular wall between the annular cooling tank (1-1) and the nozzle (16) has cooling water vaporization holes (1-2) and steam vents (1-3). The cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) is a circular hole structure, and the six cooling water vaporization holes are arranged in a ring shape, and each group has five cooling water vaporization holes (1-2); the cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) The inlet is in the annular cooling tank (1-1), the outlet is connected to the steam vent (1-3), and the same projected cooling water vaporization hole is connected to the same steam vent; the steam vent (1-3) a strip-shaped slit structure, the gas injection groove (1-3) enters the nozzle (16) in a tangential direction; the cathode (3) is composed of a cathode rod (3a), a cathode head (3b) and a cathode cap (3c), wherein Yin The middle section of the pole (3a) has a tubular structure, the inner space of the tube constitutes a cooling chamber (3-4), the cooling chamber (3-4) has a working water interface (3-3), and the front end of the cathode head (3b) It is a tapered conical surface, the conical surface is followed by a cylindrical solid body, the rear part of the cathode head (3b) has vaporization fins (3b-l), and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are arranged in a multi-piece annular shape, vaporization The gap between the ribs (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), the vaporization fin (3b-1) has a fitting flange (3b-2); the cathode cap (3c) has a fitting flange (3b) - 2) Fastened to the wall of the front end of the cathode rod (3a), the vaporizing fins (3b-1) project into the tube of the cathode rod (3a), and the front end of the cathode head (3b) protrudes from the cathode cap (3c) The space ring groove between the cathode cap (3c) and the cylindrical body of the cathode head (3b) constitutes a steam ring (3-8), and the space of the cooling cavity (3-4) is communicated to the vaporization chamber (3-9) to The steam ring (3-8), the outlet of the steam ring (3-8) is in the air chamber (14); the rear seat (4) is designed as a disc body, and the center of the disc body of the rear seat (4) has a through hole And packing box, through hole And the packing box is perpendicular to the disk surface, the opening of the packing box is on the rear outer side; the rear side (4) has a rear frame (5) on the rear side, the rear frame (5) is a two-leg support structure, and the rear end of the rear frame (5) There is a shaft seat (7), and the rear frame of the rear frame (5) is symmetrically provided with a sliding rail (5-1), and the rear frame (5), the shaft seat (7) and the rear seat (4) are integrally connected. The shaft seat (7) is concentric with the rear seat (4); the driving screw (6) is arranged on the shaft seat (7), and the driving screw (6) has a driving thread, an axial limiting collar and an adjusting handle (8) ), the axial limiting collar of the driving screw (6) is installed in the shell of the shaft seat (7), so that the driving screw (6) can only move circumferentially and cannot move axially, and the adjusting handle of the driving screw (6) (8) Extend the rear end of the shaft seat (7), the adjustment opening of the adjusting handle (8) is square, and it is adjusted with the special tool for square hole; the rear rod of the cathode (3) has a sliding slot (3-1) ), there is a drive screw hole (3 - 2) in the rod body, the drive screw hole (3-2) of the cathode (3) is screwed with the drive screw (6), and the chute (3-1) of the cathode (3) is The slide rail (5-1) on the rear frame (5) is fitted with the shaft To the activity; the anode (1), the barrel (2) and the rear seat (4) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the rear seat (4) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected The front end of the barrel (2), the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes the air chamber (14), the rear seat (4) constitutes the rear closed end of the barrel (2); the front end of the cathode (3) passes through the rear seat (4) The packing box and the through hole protrude into the barrel (2), the packing box on the rear seat (4) has a sealing packing (13), and the sealing packing (13) is pressed by the packing box cover (12); The rear rod of the cathode (3) is outside the gun body, and the working water port (3 - 3) is externally connected to the cathode (3) cooling chamber (3-4); the cathode (3) front end and anode ( 1) The space between them forms a discharge space, the cathode (3) has a power line connector on the rod, and the anode (1) has a power terminal (17). In this embodiment, the anode (1) is divided into an anode front jaw (la) and an anode back jaw (lb) for separate processing, and then completed by butt welding, after finishing by cutting, grinding, etc., and then after completion. A zirconia ceramic layer is sprayed on both end faces of the anode (1) for protection and insulation treatment; the cathode is divided into a cathode head (3b) and a cathode cap (3c) for separate processing, and then subjected to precision welding, cutting and grinding. Processing is complete. The arc plasma spray gun works in a transfer arc mode, and the power line connecting members on the rod body of the cathode (3) are respectively connected to the negative pole of the power supply main power source and the negative pole of the arc ignition high frequency power supply, and the power supply wiring on the anode (1) The terminals (17) are respectively connected to the positive pole of the main power supply of the power controller and the anode of the pilot arc high frequency power supply. The cooling water port (15) and the working water port (3-3) are connected to the water supply system and the steam supply system through a 50 cm length ceramic tube. In the working of this embodiment, the steam is used as the working gas when the plasma spray gun is started. After the arc is pulled out, the water is replaced by water and the water is split into two into the plasma spray gun, and one of the loops enters the annular cooling tank of the anode (1). (1-1), after absorbing the heat of the anode body, vaporizing into water vapor in the gasification hole (1-2), absorbing the heat of the anode body by using the latent heat of vaporization of the water to generate water vapor, and then from the steam vent (1-3) ) enters the nozzle (16) in a tangential direction, and becomes the active chemical ejected from the spray gun; the other enters the cooling chamber (3-4) in the cathode (3), absorbs the heat of the cathode body, and then in the vaporization chamber (3-9) The vaporization is water vapor, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water absorbs the heat of the cathode. Then, the water vapor is ejected from the gas spraying ring (3-8) into the discharge zone as a working gas of the plasma torch, and is ionized, decomposed and activated into H. The active chemicals of ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0 are ejected from the nozzle (16) of the plasma torch. In the above process: water is first used as a coolant for the anode (1) and the cathode (3), and then vaporized into water vapor, and the heat of vaporization of the anode (1) and the cathode (3) is absorbed by the latent heat of vaporization of the water to avoid or slow down the anode.

(1) and ablation of the cathode (3), using water vapor as the working gas or as the object to be heated, ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0, by plasma The body spray gun is injected into the gasifier to chemically react with charcoal to form syngas. A part of the water vapor in the plasma spray gun body acts as a isolating agent or coolant between the gun body and the plasma arc to protect the gun body from ablation. The pressure of the plasma spray gun is 0. 2~0. 5Mpa, the pressure in the plasma spray gun is generated by water vaporization. The pressure of the supply of the plasma spray gun is 0. 2~0. The input flow rate of water is determined proportionally to the electric input power of the plasma spray gun. When the water vapor is heated to 4200 ° C, the water flow rate is adjusted synchronously according to the ratio of 11 ^ water / 2.08 to 2. 91 ^ * 11 Electrical input power. When the plasma spray gun is working, the inner hole special tool made of insulating material is used to rotate the drive screw (6) to make the cathode (3) move axially. The distance between the cathode head and the anode in the gun body to increase or decrease the input power of the plasma torch.

Embodiment 2 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the arc plasma torch is mainly composed of an anode (1), a cathode head (3b), a cathode cap (3c), a barrel (2) and a cathode base (18). The rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1), the barrel (2) and the cathode base (18) are concentrically arranged, and the anode (1) is connected to the barrel. The front end of (2), the annular space of the anode (1) constitutes the spout (16), the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes the air chamber (14), and the cathode base (18) constitutes the rear closure of the barrel (2) The cathode head (3b) is disposed in the gun body, and the cathode cap (3c) fastens the cathode head (3b) on the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode head (3b) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge. Space; wherein, the anode (1) is a hollow annular body structure, the outer side of the annular body has a power supply terminal (17), the annular body has an annular cooling groove (1-1), and the annular cooling groove (1-1) has a cooling water interface. (15) Access, the inner space of the ring body constitutes the spout (16); the ring wall between the annular cooling groove (1-1) and the spout (16) However, the water vaporization holes (1-2) and the steam injection grooves (1-3), the inlets of the cooling water vaporization holes (1-2) are in the annular cooling grooves (1-1), and the cooling water vaporization holes (1-2) The outlet is connected to the steam venting groove (1-3), and the steam venting groove (1-3) enters the venting port (16) in a tangential direction; the cathode pedestal (18) is designed as a disk body, and the disk body has a through hole in the center of the disk The through hole constitutes a mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) and a cooling cavity (3-4), a mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) is on one side of the gun body, and a working water interface is provided on the rear side of the cathode base (18) ( 3-3) and the cathode terminal (22), the working water interface (3-3) and the cooling chamber (3-4) are arranged in the same hole; the cathode head (3b) is a cylindrical body, and the rear cylinder of the cathode head (3b) The body has vaporization fins (3b-1), and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are annularly arranged in a plurality of ways. The gap between the vaporization fins (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), and the vaporization rib The plate (3b-l) has a mounting flange (3b-2); the cathode cap (3c) fastens the mounting flange (3b-2) to the cathode base (18), and vaporizes the ribs (3b-l) a cooling cavity (3-4) that projects into the cathode base (18) The front end of the cathode head (3b) protrudes from the cathode cap (3c), and the space ring groove between the cathode body (3c) and the cylindrical body of the cathode head (3b) constitutes a steam ring (3-8), a cooling chamber (3) The space of -4) is connected to the steam ring (3-8) through the vaporization chamber (3-9), and the outlet of the steam ring (3-8) is in the gas chamber (14).

Embodiment 3 In the embodiment shown in Fig. 10, the arc plasma torch is composed of an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1), a barrel (2). ), the cathode (3) and the cathode base (18) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the barrel (2) The front end, the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, the cathode base The seat (18) constitutes the rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is an annular body structure, the annular space constitutes a spout (16), and the annular body of the anode (1) has a vaporized rib (1) -7), the vaporized ribs (1-7) are in a multi-piece manner, and each vaporized rib (1-7) is in an annular array centered on the center of the ring, and the space between the vaporized ribs (1-7) constitutes vaporization. The groove (1-6); the barrel (2) has a cylindrical structure, and has a water-passing hole (25) in the barrel wall of the barrel (2), and has a flared space at the front of the barrel (2). Flared space constitutes an annular cooling groove (1-1); The cathode base (18) is a three-layer annular wall cylinder structure, and the inner ring wall of the cathode base (18) constitutes a cathode rod (3a), and the space between the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall is gas A part of the chamber (14), the space between the middle ring wall and the outer ring wall constitutes an anode water supply chamber (24), the anode water supply chamber (24) has a cooling water port (15), and the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the water. The hole (25) is connected to the annular cooling groove (1-1), the air chamber (14) between the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall has a working air connection (19), and the rear end of the cathode base (18) has a working Water interface (3-3), working water port (3-3) connected to the cathode cooling chamber (3-4); cathode terminal (22) at the rear of the cathode base (18); cathode ( 3) It consists of cathode rod (3a), cathode head (3b) and cathode cap (3c). The cathode head (3b) has a cylindrical structure. The cathode head (3b) has a cooling chamber (3-4) in the cylinder. The head (3b) has a vaporized fin (3b-1) on the cylinder, the vaporized fin (3b-1) is in a multi-piece manner, and the vaporized fin (3b-1) has an annular array in the axial center of the cathode (3). , each vaporized fin (3b-l) The space between the two forms the vaporization chamber (3-9), and the back of the cathode head (3b) has The mounting flange (3b-2), the cathode cap (3c) fastens the cathode head (3b) to the front end of the cathode rod (3a) through the fitting flange (3b-2), and the front portion of the cathode head (3b) The gap between the cathode caps (3c) constitutes a steam ring (3-8), the vaporization chamber (3-9) communicates with the cooling chamber (3-4), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) passes through the steam ring (3- 8) Connect to the spout (16). There is a compression coil (20a) in the front flared space of the barrel (2), and the compression coil (20a) is a multi-winding parallel connection, each winding coil is wound on the same annular skeleton, and the anode (1) passes through the compression coil. (20a) Electrical connection to the power supply; an annular collecting chamber (1-8) and a steam vent (1-3) between the inside of the barrel wall at the front of the barrel (2) and the side wall of the anode (1) The vaporization tank (1-6) is connected to the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8), the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) is connected to the steam spraying tank (1-3), and the steam spraying tank (1-3) is connected to Air chamber (14) or spout (16). When the arc plasma spray gun is in operation, the two water paths are respectively sent into the plasma spray gun from the cooling water port (15) and the working water port (3-3), wherein the water supply port (15) is sent from the cooling water port (15). Ionized water, deionized water passes through the water hole (25) to the annular cooling tank (1-1), and then enters the vaporization tank (1-6). The heat of the absorption anode (1) is vaporized into water vapor, and then the annular steam is collected. The chamber (1-8) enters the discharge zone by the steam vent (1-3), is ionized, decomposed and activated into active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , O and HO, from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun (16 Squirting; tap water or deionized water fed from the working water port (3-3), the water enters the vaporization chamber (3-9) through the cathode cooling chamber (3-4), and absorbs the cathode head ( 3b) The heat is vaporized into water vapor and then enters the discharge zone through the steam ring (3-8), ionized, decomposed and activated to become active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , O and HO, from the plasma spray gun. The spout (16) is ejected. When the embodiment is an auxiliary equipment of the gasification furnace, the gasification feedback gas of the gasifier is sent as the working gas from the interface (19) into the gas chamber (14) in the plasma spray gun, enters the discharge zone, and is ionized into positive ions and The negative ion, which becomes a plasma arc, is ejected from the nozzle (16) of the plasma torch; when the burner device is used in the present embodiment, air is sent as an operating gas from the interface (19) to the gas chamber in the plasma torch (14). ), enters the discharge region, is ionized into positive ions and negative ions, becomes a plasma arc, is ejected from the nozzle (16) of the plasma torch; is decomposed and activated into active chemistry of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and HO The material is ejected into the gasifier or into the boiler along with the plasma arc.

Embodiment 4 In the embodiment shown in Fig. 11, the arc plasma torch is composed of an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1) and a barrel (2). ), the cathode (3) and the cathode base (18) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the barrel (2) The front end, the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, the cathode base The seat (18) constitutes a rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is an annular body structure, the annular space constitutes a spout (16), and the annular body of the anode (1) has a vaporized rib (1) -7), the vaporized ribs (1-7) are arranged in multiple pieces, and each vaporized rib (1-7) is an annular array centered on the center of the ring, and the space between the vaporized ribs (1-7) constitutes vaporization. The groove (1-6); the barrel (2) is composed of an outer cylinder (2a) and an inner cylinder (2b), and the inner cylinder (2b) is disposed in the middle section of the outer cylinder (2a), and the outer cylinder ( 2a) longer than The cylinder (2b), a portion of the air chamber (14) is formed between the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2b) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (2a), and a water passage hole (25) is formed in the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2a). The front part of the cylinder (2) has a flared space, and the flared space constitutes an annular cooling groove (1-1), and an annular set is formed between the inner side of the barrel wall at the front of the barrel (2) and the side wall of the anode (1). The steam chamber (1-8), the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) is connected to the gas chamber (14) through the vent hole (28); the outer cylinder (2a) of the barrel is connected to the cathode base (18), the cathode The inner ring wall of the base (18) constitutes a cathode rod (3a), and an excess piece (23) is nested between the outer barrel (2a) and the cathode base (18) of the barrel, and the excess piece (23) constitutes an anode. The outer ring wall of the water supply chamber (24), the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the cooling water port (15), and the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the annular cooling channel (1-1) by the water passing hole (25). The back end of the cathode base (18) has a working water port (3-3), the working water port (3-3) is connected to the cooling chamber of the cathode (3-4); at the rear of the cathode base (18) Cathode terminal (22) is connected; cathode (3) is connected by cathode rod . 3A), the cathode head (3b) and a cathode cap (3c), and the cathode head (3b) in a cylindrical The body structure, the cathode head (3b) has a cooling chamber (3 - 4) in the cylinder, the cathode head (3b) has vaporization fins (3b - 1) on the cylinder, and the vaporization fins (3b - 1) are multi-piece By way of example, the vaporization fins (3b-1) are in an annular array with the axis of the cathode (3), and the space between the vaporization fins (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), and the cathode head (3b) The rear part has a fitting flange (3b-2), and the cathode cap (3c) fastens the cathode head (3b) to the front end of the cathode rod (3a) through the fitting flange (3b-2), the cathode head (3b) The gap between the front portion and the cathode cap (3c) constitutes a steam ring (3-8), the vaporization chamber (3-9) communicates with the cooling chamber (3-4), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) passes through the steam ring. (3-8) Connected to the spout (16); a compression coil (20a) is arranged in the front flared space of the barrel (2), and the compression coil (20a) is a multi-winding parallel connection, and each winding coil is wound in the same On a ring skeleton, the anode (1) is electrically connected to the power source via a compression coil (20a). In the embodiment, when the auxiliary equipment of the gasification furnace is used, the tap water is sent into the plasma spray gun through the working water interface (3-3), and the water enters the vaporization chamber (3-9) through the cooling chamber (3-4) of the cathode. after uptake of the cathode head (3b) of the heat of vaporization of water vapor, the steam jet ring (3-8) into the discharge region, ionized, become activated and decomposed, H, 0 _2, 0, and H0 is the active chemical substance from a plasma The nozzle (16) of the body spray gun is sprayed into the gasifier; the deionized water is sent from the cooling water interface (15) into the spray gun of the plasma spray gun body, and the deionized water passes through the water passage hole (25) to reach the annular cooling tank (1) -1), then enters the vaporization tank (1-6), and the heat of the absorption anode (1) is vaporized into water vapor, and then enters the gas chamber (14) through the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) and the vent hole (28). Re-entry into the discharge zone, ionized, decomposed and activated into active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0, which are ejected from the nozzle (16) of the plasma torch into the gasifier.

Embodiment 5 This embodiment is a partial change performed on the basis of the fourth embodiment as shown in Fig. 12. The difference from the fourth embodiment is that the cathode base (18) and the cathode rod (3a) are changed. The design, where: the front packing box (29), the cathode water supply chamber (26), the hexagonal chute (31) and the rear packing box (32), the front packing box (29) are arranged on the cathode base (18) The cathode water supply chamber (26), the inner hexagonal chute (31) and the rear packing box (32) are arranged coaxially in turn, and the front packing box (29) has a front sealing packing (30) and a front packing cover (35), There is a rear sealing packing (34) and a rear packing cover (33) on the rear packing box (32); a plurality of through holes (27) are designed in the middle of the cathode rod (3a), and the rear outer side of the cathode rod (3a) is designed The outer hexagon is designed with the inner side as a thread. The rear part of the cathode rod (3a) extends through the cathode water supply chamber (26) into the hexagonal chute (31), and the middle of the cathode rod (3a) is in the cathode water supply chamber (26). In the cathode water supply chamber (26) with a working water port (3-3) access, the cathode water supply chamber (26) through the through hole (27) is connected to the cathode cooling chamber (3-4); the rear packing box (32) of the cathode base (18) has a driving screw (6) passing through, and the external thread of the driving screw (6) is connected to the cathode rod ( 3a) The internal thread of the rear part, the screw (6) has a screw adjusting handle (8) at the rear end of the driving screw (6). When working, the driving screw (6) is rotated to move the cathode rod (3a) back and forth, thereby driving the cathode head for telescopic movement. . Further, this embodiment replaces the compression coil (20a) with a conductive ring (20b), and changes the material of the cathode cap (3c) to a ceramic material. In this embodiment, during operation, the driving screw (6) is rotated to move the cathode (3) axially and telescopically, thereby adjusting the distance between the cathode head and the anode in the gun body, thereby realizing the mechanical adjustment of the plasma. When the output power of the gun increases or decreases the distance between the cathode head and the anode in the gun body, the output power of the plasma torch increases or decreases. When the distance between the cathode head and the anode is increased, the spray gun is elongated. The internal arc increases the residence time of the working gas in the spray gun, thereby increasing the heating temperature.

Embodiment 6 In this embodiment, an arc plasma spray gun is applied to a gasification furnace device, and water is heated by a plasma spray gun and then sent to a gasification furnace as a vaporizer. The process of water in the plasma spray gun is as follows: Water acts as the cathode (3) of the plasma spray gun, the coolant of the anode (1), and then vaporizes into water vapor. The latent heat of vaporization of the water absorbs the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1), avoiding or slowing down the cathode and anode. After ablation, water vapor is used as a working gas or as a heated object, and is ionized, decomposed, and activated by an electric field to become an active chemical, which is injected into a gasification furnace by a plasma spray gun to chemically react with carbon to form a synthesis gas. The plasma torch of this embodiment is composed of a gun body, an anode and a cathode, the cathode is inside the gun body, the space between the head and the anode of the cathode is a discharge area, the central circular hole of the anode is a spout, and the anode body is cooled. Cavity, The anode cooling chamber has a porous vaporization hole on the wall of the nozzle, the cathode has a cooling cavity in the body, the head of the cathode has a multi-rib design, the fin has a vaporization function, and the space of the cathode cooling cavity passes through the cathode head fin The pores are connected to the discharge region. The specific operation flow of this embodiment is as follows: firstly, water vapor or other gas is used as the working gas when the plasma spray gun is started, and after the arc is normally worked, water is used instead of water vapor or other gas to enter the plasma spray gun, wherein After entering the cooling cavity of the anode body, absorbing the heat of the anode body, vaporizing the vaporization hole of the anode into water vapor, absorbing the heat of the anode body by using the latent heat of vaporization of the water, and then ejecting from the nozzle as a gasifying agent into the vaporization furnace; The other way into the cooling cavity of the cathode body, after absorbing the heat of the cathode body, the porous vaporization at the cathode head is water vapor, and the latent heat of vaporization of the water absorbs the heat of the cathode, and then the water vapor is used as the working gas of the plasma spray gun. The discharge region is ionized into positive ions and negative ions to become a plasma arc, which is ejected from the nozzle into the gasifier. In the plasma spray gun, the water supply pressure in the plasma spray gun is 0. 2~0. 5Mpa, in the plasma spray gun, in the plasma spray gun The pressure is generated by water vaporization; according to the ratio of 1kg (water) / 2. 9kw · h, the water flow rate and the electric input power of the plasma spray gun are synchronously adjusted, and the water vapor generated by the water vaporization is heated to 4200 ° C to decompose the water molecules. The active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0 are then injected into a gasifier for gasification, and chemically reacted with carbon in the furnace to form hydrogen-rich synthesis with hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. Gas; the gasifying agent injected into the gasifier by the plasma spray gun includes 3⁄4, H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0 active chemicals decomposed by water molecules and undecomposed high temperature water vapor; plasma spray gun is injected into the gasifier The gasifying agent also serves as a heat carrying element, and the heat generated by the plasma torch enters the gasifier to supply heat to the gasifier. At the same time, the gasifying agent reacts with the char in the furnace to generate syngas. , the heat of reaction generated is the furnace The raw material drying, pyrolysis, reduction, and gasification reactions provide heat to maintain the gasification reaction. When the present embodiment is applied to a coal gasification fluidized bed device: The coal gasification device is designed as a three-stage fluidized bed gasification furnace, which has a suspension preheating section, a turbulent pyrolysis section and a bubbling gasification section, and a plasma. The body spray gun is placed on the furnace wall of the bubbling gasification section. The anode cooling chamber and the cathode cooling chamber of the plasma spray gun respectively have a water inlet interface, and the anode and the cathode respectively have a power interface, and the inlet ports on the anode cooling chamber and the cathode cooling chamber are respectively connected to the insulating isolation tube having a length of more than 20 cm. Water supply system, the plasma spray gun works in the transfer arc mode, the cathode power supply interface of the plasma spray gun is connected to the negative electrode port of the plasma controller power supply, and the anode power supply interface on the plasma spray gun is respectively connected to the arc ignition power supply of the plasma controller power supply. Port and mains positive port. When the gasifier is in operation, pulverized coal is used as the gasification raw material. At the same time, 60~85% of the weight of the pulverized coal is sent into the plasma spray gun and heated to 400 (TC or more, and the generated water vapor is ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field. after become _{_{H 2, H, 0 2,}} 0, H0 chemical activity, then such active chemicals and high-temperature steam undecomposed, by the plasma spray gun into the gasifier to chemically react with the coke, generating Hydrogen-rich synthesis gas with hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. In the application of the coal gasification fixed bed device in this embodiment: The coal gasification device is designed as a two-stage fixed bed gasification furnace, which has a pyrolysis section and a gasification section. The plasma spray gun is disposed on the furnace wall of the gasification section, the plasma spray gun operates in a non-transfer arc mode, and the coke in the gasification section of the furnace is used as the main anode, and the anode on the plasma spray gun is the auxiliary anode, on the plasma spray gun. The cathode power interface is connected to the negative port of the plasma controller power supply, and the power supply interface of the auxiliary anode of the plasma torch is connected to the arc of the plasma controller power supply The source port, the main power supply of the plasma controller power supply is connected to the main power port of the gasifier, and the main power port of the gasifier is in contact with the coke in the furnace through the electrical contact. When the gasifier is running, the coal is from the plasma. The top of the gasifier is fed into the furnace, dried and pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis section of the furnace, and the volatiles are released to become coke into the gasification section. At the same time, 60-85% of the weight of the coal is fed into the water. The plasma spray gun is heated to above 4000 °C, and the generated water vapor is ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0, and then these active chemicals and undecomposed high temperature. Water vapor is injected into the gasifier by a plasma spray gun to chemically react with coke to form a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. This embodiment is used in industrial polymer waste gasification equipment or waste rubber refining. Carbon residue When using the device: The plasma torch is placed in the lower part of the gasification device, the plasma torch operates in the transfer arc mode, and the cathode power port on the plasma torch is connected to the negative port of the plasma controller power supply, on the plasma torch. The anode power ports are respectively connected to the arcing power port of the plasma controller power supply and the main power positive port. When the gasifier is in operation, the residual carbon of industrial polymer waste or waste rubber refining is used as the gasification raw material, and at the same time, 50~70% of the weight of the raw material is sent to the plasma spray gun to be heated to above 400 CTC, and the generated steam is generated. After being ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field, it becomes an active chemical of 3⁄4, H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0, and then these active chemicals and undecomposed high-temperature steam are sprayed into the gasifier by a plasma spray gun. The coke undergoes a chemical reaction to form a hydrogen-rich synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. When the embodiment is applied to the domestic garbage gasification device: The gasification furnace is designed as a fixed bed gasification furnace, and the drying section, the pyrolysis section and the gasification section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the plasma spray gun is set in the gasification. On the furnace wall of the section, the plasma spray gun works in a non-transfer arc mode, using the waste charcoal in the furnace as the main anode, the anode on the plasma spray gun as the auxiliary anode, and the cathode power supply interface on the plasma spray gun is connected to the plasma controller. The negative port of the power supply, the power supply interface of the auxiliary anode of the plasma torch is connected to the arcing power port of the plasma controller power supply, and the main power supply of the plasma controller power supply is connected to the main power port of the gasifier, the main gasifier The power port is in contact with the waste charcoal in the furnace through electrical contacts. When the gasifier is in operation, the garbage materials are sent into the furnace from the top of the plasma gasification furnace, and are sequentially dried and pyrolyzed in the furnace through the drying section and the pyrolysis section, and then become garbage char into the gasification section. At the same time, 50~60% of the water per ton of dry-based domestic waste is sent to the plasma spray gun and heated to above 4000 °C. The generated water vapor is ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become H ₂ , H, 0. ₂ , 0, H0 active chemicals, and then these active chemicals and undecomposed high-temperature steam are sprayed into the gasifier by a plasma spray gun to chemically react with the waste carbon to form hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components. Hydrogen-rich syngas. When the embodiment is applied to the biomass gasification device, the design of the gasification furnace, the installation position of the plasma spray gun, the working mode and the connection mode, and the operation of the gasification furnace are the same as those applied to the domestic waste gasification device. Among them, biomass includes agricultural waste, forestry waste, wood processing waste and energy plants.

Example 7 This Example after the arc plasma torch applications as a burner, a plasma torch water by thermal decomposition, is converted to _{_{H 2, H, 0 2,}} 0, HO active chemicals, and then into the boiler or The kiln is subjected to reverse reaction combustion to supply the heat energy required for the boiler or the kiln; wherein: the water is first used as a coolant for the cathode (3) and the anode (1) in the plasma lance, and then vaporized into water vapor, which is vaporized by water. The latent heat absorbs the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1), avoids or slows the ablation of the cathode and the anode, and then uses water vapor as a working gas or a subject of heating decomposition, which is ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become an active chemical; The steam is heated to above 4200 ° C in the plasma spray gun to completely decompose the water molecules, and is injected into the boiler or kiln by the plasma spray gun for reverse reaction combustion; the active chemical injected into the boiler or furnace by the plasma spray gun is also As a heat carrier element, the arc heat carrying the plasma torch enters the boiler or furnace to provide the heat energy required for the boiler or furnace. The plasma spray gun of this embodiment operates in a transfer arc mode, the cathode power supply interface of the plasma spray gun is connected to the negative electrode port of the plasma controller power supply, and the anode power supply interface on the plasma spray gun is respectively connected to the arc ignition of the plasma controller power supply. The power port and the main power positive port; the cooling water port and the working water port are respectively connected to the water supply system through an insulating isolation pipe having a length of more than 20 cm, and when running, the air is sent as working gas into the air chamber in the plasma spray gun, and then enters The discharge region is ionized into positive ions and negative ions to become a plasma arc, which is ejected from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun; meanwhile, the deionized water is sent to the anode in the plasma spray gun to absorb the heat of the anode and vaporize into water vapor. Then enter the discharge zone, ionized, decomposed and activated into active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0, which are ejected from the nozzle of the plasma spray gun; meanwhile, the tap water is fed into the cathode of the plasma torch, and the cathode is absorbed. Heat, vaporizes into water vapor, then enters the discharge zone, Ionization, decomposition and become activated _{_{H 2, H, 0 2,}} 0 , and H0 is the active chemical was ejected from the plasma torch nozzle (16). Active chemical that is decomposed and activated into H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0, and H0, with plasma The arc is ejected together into the furnace of the boiler or kiln.

In the above embodiment, the anode is made of stainless steel, the cathode head is made of stainless steel or copper embedded tungsten rod material, the barrel is made of alumina ceramic material, the cathode base is made of stainless steel material; the ratio of the aperture of the anode nozzle to the length of the hole is 0. 8~ 3. 5, preferably 1. 5~2; the diameter of the front end surface of the cathode head is less than or equal to the aperture of the nozzle; the minimum distance between the cathode and the anode is not less than 5 mm _{; the} plasma spray gun is mounted on the bracket by the anchoring method Use; The water supply system is connected to the insulating isolation tube between the plasma spray guns using a glass tube or a ceramic tube.

Claims

WO 2012/040998 Claim PCT/CN2011/001249

An arc plasma torch comprising a gun body, a cathode and an anode, characterized in that the arc plasma torch is composed of an anode (1), a cathode (3), a barrel (2) and a rear seat (4), wherein The anode (1) has a hollow annular structure, an annular cooling groove (1-1) in the annular body, a cooling water connection (15) in the annular cooling groove (1-1), and a hollow rod structure in the cathode (3). There is a cooling chamber (3-4) in the rod body, a working water port (3-3) is connected to the cooling chamber (3-4), and a disc body structure in the rear seat (4), and a through hole in the center of the disc body; The anode (1), the barrel (2) and the rear seat (4) are concentrically arranged, the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the rear seat (4) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the barrel ( 2) the front end, the annular space of the anode (1) constitutes the spout (16), the inner space of the barrel (2) constitutes the air chamber (14), and the rear seat (4) constitutes the rear closed end of the barrel (2); The front end of the cathode (3) protrudes into the barrel (2) through a through hole in the rear seat (4), and a discharge is formed between the front end of the cathode (3) and the anode (1). Room; a cathode (3) of the rear portion of the rod outside the body of the gun, the working water interface (3-3) the access cathode cooling chamber (3) of a gun in vitro (3-4).

2. An arc plasma torch according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a cooling water vaporization hole in the ring wall between the annular cooling groove (1-1) of the anode (1) and the nozzle (16) (1) -2) and the steam venting tank (1-3), wherein the cooling water vaporizing hole (1-2) is a circular hole or a square hole or a triangular hole structure, and the cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) is connected to the steam venting groove ( 1-3), the steam vent (1 - 3) is a strip-shaped gap structure; the cooling water vaporization hole (1-2) is on one side of the annular cooling tank (1-1), and the cooling water vaporization hole (1 - 2) And the steam vent (1-3) communicates the space between the annular cooling tank (1-1) and the spout (16), and the steam vent (1-3) enters the spout (16) in a tangential direction.

3. An arc plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein the cathode (3) is composed of a cathode rod (3a), a cathode head (3b) and a cathode cap (3c), wherein the cathode rod (3a) In the tubular structure, the inner space of the tube constitutes a cooling chamber (3-4), and the cooling chamber (3-4) has a working water interface (3-3); the front end of the cathode head (3b) has a tapered conical surface, the middle portion and The rear part is a cylinder; the rear part of the cathode head (3b) has vaporization fins (3b-1), and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are arranged in a multi-piece annular shape, between the vaporization fins (3b-l) The gap constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), the vaporization fin (3b-1) has a fitting flange (3b-2), and the cathode cap (3c) fastens the fitting flange (3b-2) to the cathode rod ( 3a) On the wall of the front end, the front end of the cathode head (3b) protrudes from the cathode cap (3c), and the annular groove space between the cathode cap (3c) and the cathode head (3b) constitutes a steam ring (3-8). The space of the cooling chamber (3-4) is communicated to the steam ring (3-8) through the vaporization chamber (3-9), and the outlet of the steam ring (3-8) is in the gas chamber (14).

4. An arc plasma torch according to claim 1, wherein the cathode base (18) is used to replace the rear seat (4), and the cathode base (18) constitutes a rear closed end of the barrel (2). The cathode base (18) is designed as a disc body having a through hole in the center of the disc body, and the through hole constitutes a mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) and a cooling cavity (3-4), and a mounting hole of the cathode head (3b) On the side of the gun body, the cathode cap (3c) fastens the cathode head (3b) to the cathode base (18); the outside of the cathode base (18) has a working water port (3-3) and a cathode terminal. (22), the working water port (3-3) and the cooling chamber (3-4) are set in the same hole.

5. An arc plasma torch characterized by an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode ( 3) Concentrically arranged with the cathode base (18), the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the front end of the barrel (2), the gun The inner space of the cylinder (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, and the cathode base (18) Forming the rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is a ring-shaped structure, Between the nozzles (16), there are vaporized ribs (1-7) on the annular body of the anode (1), and the vaporized ribs (1-7) are in multiple pieces, and each vaporized rib (1-7) is looped. The heart is centered in an annular array, and the space between each vaporized rib (1-7) constitutes a vaporization groove (1-6); the barrel (2) is a cylindrical structure on the barrel wall of the barrel (2) There is a water hole (25), there is a flared space at the front of the barrel (2), the flared space constitutes an annular cooling groove (1-1); the cathode base (18) is a three-layer annular wall cylinder structure. The inner ring wall of the cathode base (18) constitutes a cathode rod (3a), the space between the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall is a part of the air chamber (14), and the space between the middle ring wall and the outer ring wall constitutes an anode water supply chamber (24), the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the cooling water port (15), and the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the annular cooling channel (1-1) by the water passing hole (25), the middle ring wall and the inner ring wall The gas chamber (14) has a working gas port (19) access, the back end of the cathode base (18) has a working water port (3-3), and the working water port (3-3) is connected to the cathode for cooling. Cavity (3-4); cathode (3) is a cylindrical structure, The cathode (3) has a steam ring (3-8) at the front, a cooling chamber (3-4) in the cylinder of the cathode (3), and a vaporized fin (3b-l) on the cylinder of the cathode (3). The vaporization fins (3b-l) are multi-piece, the vaporization fins (3b-1) are in an annular array with the axis of the cathode (3), and the space between the vaporization fins (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber. (3-9), the vaporization chamber (3-9) is in communication with the cooling chamber (3-4), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) is connected to the nozzle (16) through the vapor ring (3-8).

6. An arc plasma torch according to claim 5, characterized in that a compression coil (20a) or a conductive ring (20b) is arranged in the front flared space of the barrel (2), and the anode (1) passes The compression coil (20a) or the conductive ring (20b) is electrically connected to the power source; an annular collecting chamber (1-8) is disposed between the inside of the barrel wall at the front of the barrel (2) and the side wall of the anode (1) and The steam vent (1-3), the vaporization tank (1-6) is connected to the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8), and the annular steam collecting chamber (1-8) is connected to the steam venting tank (1-3), and the steam is sprayed. The tank (1-3) is connected to the air chamber (14) or the spout (16).

7. An arc plasma torch according to claim 5, characterized in that an excess piece (23) is nested between the barrel (2) and the cathode base (18), and the excess piece (23) constitutes an anode water supply. The outer ring wall of the chamber (24).

8. An arc plasma torch characterized by an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode (3) and a cathode base (18), an anode (1), a barrel (2), a cathode ( 3) Concentrically arranged with the cathode base (18), the rear end of the barrel (2) is connected to the cathode base (18) to form a gun body, and the anode (1) is connected to the front end of the barrel (2), the gun The inner space of the cylinder (2) constitutes a gas chamber (14), the cathode (3) is connected to the cathode base (18), and the space between the cathode (3) and the anode (1) constitutes a discharge space, and the cathode base (18) Forming a rear closed end of the barrel (2), wherein: the anode (1) is an annular body structure, the annular space constitutes a spout (16), and the annular body of the anode (1) has vaporized ribs (1-7), The vaporized ribs (1-7) are arranged in multiple pieces, and each vaporized rib (1-7) is an annular array centered on the center of the ring, and the space between each vaporized rib (1-7) constitutes a vaporization groove (1 - 6); The barrel (2) consists of a double cylinder structure consisting of an outer cylinder (2a) and an inner cylinder (2b). The inner cylinder (2b) is arranged in the middle section of the outer cylinder (2a), and the outer cylinder (2a) is longer than the inner cylinder Tube (2b), outer wall of inner tube (2b) A part of the air chamber (14) is formed between the inner walls of the outer cylinder (2a), and a water passage hole (25) is formed in the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2a), and a flared space is formed in the front portion of the barrel (2). The mouth space constitutes an annular cooling groove (1-1), and there is an annular collecting chamber (1-8) between the inner side of the barrel wall at the front of the barrel (2) and the side wall of the anode (1), and the annular collecting chamber ( 1-8) is connected to the air chamber (14) through the vent hole (28); the outer tube (2a) of the barrel is connected to the cathode base (18), and the inner ring wall of the cathode base (18) constitutes a cathode rod ( 3a), an excessive piece (23) is nested between the outer cylinder (2a) and the cathode base (18) of the barrel, and the excess piece (23) constitutes an outer ring wall of the anode water supply chamber (24), and the anode water supply chamber (24) With the cooling water port (15) connected, the anode water supply chamber (24) is connected to the annular cooling channel (1-1) through the water hole (25), and the working water port is provided at the rear end of the cathode base (18). (3-3), the working water port (3-3) is connected to the cooling chamber (3-4) of the cathode; the cathode (3) is a cylindrical structure, and the cathode (3) has a steam ring at the front (3-8) ), there is a cooling cavity (3-4) in the cylinder of the cathode (3), and the cathode (3) The cylinder has vaporization fins (3b-1), and the vaporization fins (3b-1) are multiple pieces. In a manner, the vaporization fins (3b-1) are in an annular array with the axis of the cathode (3), and the space between the vaporization fins (3b-1) constitutes a vaporization chamber (3-9), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) ) is connected to the cooling chamber (3-4), and the vaporization chamber (3-9) is connected to the nozzle (16) through the steam ring (3_8); a compression coil is provided in the front flared space of the barrel (2) (20a) Or the conductive ring (20b), the anode (1) is electrically connected to the power source through the compression coil (20a) or the conductive ring (20b).

9. A method of applying an arc plasma torch according to claim 1, 4, 5 or 8, wherein the water is heated by a plasma torch and then sent to the gasifier as a vaporizer, the water being in the plasma The process in the spray gun is: first use water as the cathode of the plasma spray gun (3), the coolant of the anode (1), and then vaporize into water vapor, and absorb the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1) by utilizing the latent heat of vaporization of the water. To avoid or slow down the ablation of the cathode and anode, and then use the water vapor as the working gas or as the object to be heated, ionized, decomposed and activated by the electric field to become active chemicals, which are sprayed into the gasifier and carbon by the plasma spray gun. Chemical reaction to syngas; where:

A portion of the water vapor in the plasma torch acts as a release agent or coolant between the gun body and the plasma arc to protect the gun body from ablation;

The water vapor is heated to above 400 CTC in the plasma spray gun to decompose the water molecules into active chemicals of H ₂ , H, 0 ₂ , 0 and H0. The gasification agent injected into the gasifier includes H ₂ decomposed by water molecules. Active chemicals of H, 0 ₂ , 0, H0 and undecomposed high temperature water vapor;

The gasifying agent injected into the gasification furnace by the plasma spray gun also serves as a heat carrying element, and the heat generated by the carrying plasma spray gun enters the gasifier to supply heat to the gasifier;

The gasification furnace refers to a carbonization gasification device including a coal gasification device, an industrial polymer waste gasification device, waste rubber refining, a domestic garbage gasification device, and a biomass gasification device.

10. A method of applying an arc plasma torch according to claim 1, 4, 5 or 8, characterized in that the plasma spray gun is used as a burner, and the water is heated and decomposed by a plasma torch to be converted into H, The active chemicals of 0 ₂ , 0, and H0 are then injected into a boiler or kiln for reverse reaction combustion to provide the heat energy required for the boiler or furnace; wherein: water is first used as a cathode (3) and an anode in the plasma spray gun ( 1) The coolant is then vaporized into water vapor, which absorbs the heat of the cathode (3) and the anode (1) by the latent heat of vaporization of the water, avoids or slows the ablation of the cathode and the anode, and decomposes the water vapor as working gas or heat. An object that is ionized, decomposed, and activated by an electric field to become an active chemical;

The water vapor is heated to above 420 CTC in the plasma spray gun to completely decompose the water molecules, and is sprayed into the boiler or kiln by the plasma spray gun for reverse reaction combustion;

The active chemical injected into the boiler or kiln by the plasma torch also doubles as a heat carrying element, and the arc heat carrying the plasma torch enters the boiler or furnace to provide the heat energy required for the boiler or furnace.