WO2011137879A2

WO2011137879A2 - Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap

Info

Publication number: WO2011137879A2
Application number: PCT/CZ2011/000047
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alois PALACKÝ
Original assignee: Ecoraw, S.R.O.
Priority date: 2010-05-07
Filing date: 2011-05-06
Publication date: 2011-11-10
Also published as: EP2567039A2; WO2011137879A3; CZ2010355A3

Abstract

Between the building structure and insulation (3), or, as the case may be, between individual insulations (3) of the building strata of the thermally insulating system with thermally insulating and hydro-insulating effect, the air gap (2) is formed on purpose, closed along its circumference, or open or controlled towards the surrounding environment, and in the air gap (2) a distribution (6) of at least one gaseous or liquid medium or gaseous or liquid mixture with effective substances, like e.g. disinfection or cleaning solution of anti-freeze mixture, is located, whereas the distribution (6) of the gaseous or liquid medium in this air gap (2) is a means for activities like e.g. extinguishing, disinfection, warming, ventilation, cooling and exhaustion. The air gap (2) can be controlled by means of flaps or a gate. In the air gap (2) formed as a vertical air gap (2) with distribution (6) of gaseous or liquid medium or gaseous or liquid mixture with effective substances, the transfer of such media is forced or gravitational. Distribution (6) of media is open or closed.

Description

Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap

Technical Field

The invention concerns building strata of the thermal insulation system with an air gap, especially of contactless construction systems with thermally insulating and hydro- insulating effect in the exterior or the interior. This system includes the building structure, e.g. masonry and insulation, or, as the case may be, various types of insulations. An air gap is made between the building structure and the insulation or, as the case may be, between various types of insulations, in which anchoring items are located. The air gap is in contact with the insulated structure and creates another insulation layer.

Background of the Invention

WO 2009016136 A1 includes a description of a low energy consumption climate control system and a method for the realization in the building with high heat-sound insulation. In a climate control system for buildings, a number of renewable energy sources (photovoltaic and/or eolic, geothermal and the like) are utilised to obtain a flux of constant temperature fluid to be circulated into radiating pipes placed in continuous spaces of gaps defined in the perimeter walls and floors. A desired variable flux of air is made to circulate in said spaces or gaps, to be heated or cooled by said radiating pipes. Once the said flux of air reaches the desired temperature, its circulation is stopped, to obtain a thermal insulating layer of air, in thermal equilibrium with the rooms to be air conditioned. In the matters of civil, trade, industrial and also prefabricated buildings endowed with elevated features in heat-sound insulation, a simple method has been utilized for the realization of the system of hollow spaces or gaps, mainly based on the laying of a series of panels; i.e. thin metal sheets located between the outer and inner surface of the building. In particular, suitable hooks, joined to the structure with studs and pins, support horizontal bars vertically lined up, around which a thin metal board, preferably as an interrupted ring, in laid.

The disadvantage of this solution is that the external surface of the building does not consist of the thermally insulating layer, which results in crucial influencing of the function of the system due to climatic changes, against which the media distribution systems are not protected.

WO 9857101 A1 describes a solar thermal collector element for buildings, with integrated mounting into wall facades, sloped roofs as free standing units, etc. The solar absorber sheet has substantially the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the glass pane, including a high thermal conductivity and a high heat absorption capacity of heat radiation. The absorber sheet and the glass pane are sealed and connected to each other by circumferential lists, e.g. spaces in such a way that the solar absorber sheet and the glass pane and the lists are sealed together and create a closed building unit. The unit is adapted to be mounted at a distance from an insulated wall. The space between the insulation and the absorber sheet is a part of the duct system for heating and ventilating air.

The solution concerns the function of the solar thermal collector, where the medium is air that is transported for use within the building structure. It does not concern a thermally insulating system.

FR 2 561 286 A1 identifies pre-cast slab layer for the construction of buildings.

The pre-cast slab has ribs, which are evenly spaced apart on the lower face and form beams integrated into the mass of the slab. The reinforcing elements are embedded inside these beams and act simultaneously as a support to a welded cross layer, during the pouring of the slab, and are connected to this layer. Recesses are situated inside the hollow between the ribs that are intended for the fixing of clamps for holding piping for heating, for water distribution, or for waste water collection, and/or for holding electric heating cables, and electrical casings. The summits of the ribs are provided with shaped elements, which are sealed in their mass and solidly fixed to the lower part of the reinforcing members. These elements are placed in quincunx and act as a support to the reinforcement, during the pouring of the slab, and are intended for the fixing of a layer for the insulation of the slab by means of screws or similar devices.

It does not concern a construction thermally insulating system with an air gap between the building structure and the insulation, but a technical solution of the installation of the distributions.

WO 0231415 A1 describes solar thermal roofing. A roof or wall face comprises a plurality of plastered battens, spaced apart to create a plurality of transverse courses, each including a space. The roof has an outer layer of tiles etc., transparent to solar radiation, and an inner layer of metal or other strips absorbing solar radiation. A pipe extends through each space and is thermally connected to each of the absorbent stripes. The pipe forms a circulatory duct for a solar heating system. Solar radiation incident on the roof passes through the transparent tile to be absorbed by the strips, whereby a heat transfer fluid is heated for the heating system. Air held in each space provides an insulating blanket. The strips are formed to provide ventilation and run-off for moisture.

It concerns solar system with heating of the fluid medium, which distributes heat to the air spaces, hollows, whereby creating an insulation layer, which is not functional, however, without direct insolation. BG 64536 B5 describes energy-active surrounding wall made of three-layer panels and solar system for heating of buildings using this wall. The invention relates to an energy-active surrounding wall made of three-layered panel of a solar system for heating of buildings using the said wall. It is distinguished by its high energy effect. The solar collectors are fitted on both sides of the joints between the panels. The external vertical pipes are built-in in outer air ducts, having transparent walls, made in external half-closed longitudinal spaces. On the side of the expected both sides of the joints between the panels and inside of half-closed longitudinal spaces, the first line of internal vertical pipes and the second line of internal vertical pipes are built. All pipes are built-in in the internal air ducts having transparent walls, while the remaining internal air ducts are filled by accumulating material, thus forming the accumulator fitted on both sides of the joints between the panels. The solar heating system is made by means of external vertical pipes. They are connected to pipes by means of horizontal pipe connections and stopping fittings in one circular circuit. The second line of pipes is connected to the pipes of a radiant heat system by horizontal pipe connections and stopping fittings, independently of the first circulation circuit.

The disadvantage is that the function is dependent on the solar system. The facade shall be transparent, whereby the application is limited. The system has not a permanent thermally insulating capability. In case of mechanical damage, it is virtually irreparable.

JP 6341218 A describes a building and renovation of buildings. The objective is to realize the intelligent formation by forming an effective space between an old outer wall and a new outer wall. On the old outer wall of a structural body, a new outer wall is installed so that the effective accommodation space is formed through supporting members. The installation equipment and the connected wirings are accommodated in the effective place. Connection with the installation equipment is executed, allowing the wirings to pass from the^" main installation equipment installed on a rooftop. The air conditioning equipment, distribution, flaps etc. can be installed in the effective space and further gas pipes, clean and waste water conduits, conduits for electric wirings and communication lines, or electric and communication lines themselves. Therefore, in the construction the necessity of forming the spaces for new installation equipment, piping and wiring is eliminated.

It concerns the set designed for the installation of distributions on the outer wall of the building structure. It forms unfilled spaces between walls created in parallel, which are not intended for thermally insulating and hydro-insulating purposes of the thermally insulating system. The CZ patent 293 630 and the corresponding CZ UV 111 63 describe the insulating system for buildings structures. Between the building structure or the central surface sheet and the insulation layer, which is in contact with the outer layer, an open and/or closed air gap or air channel is formed. This insulation system takes advantage of the thermally insulating and hydro-insulating effect at the same time, which is based on the utilization of natural physical functions of the building materials. It is designed for contact-less thermal insulating systems in the exterior and interior. The main effect is brought to the air gap, which creates another insulation layer and prevents, in both directions, from the transfer of humidity, cold and heat. This gap is formed on purpose for these very functions and it has approved itself very well in practise.

Summary of the Invention

The objective of this invention is a different utilization of the building strata of the thermally insulating system, especially contactless, with thermally insulating and hydro- insulating effect, including an air gap, pursuant to CZ 293 630, including the building structure, e.g. masonry, and insulation, between which there is the air gap, in which the anchoring elements are located. The nature of this invention consists in the fact that in the air gap, the distribution of at least one gaseous or liquid medium is located.

The main advantage of this invention is the very new and surprising utilization of the air gap in the construction system. The air gap shall have the dimension enabling the distribution of media realized e.g. through the piping.

The gaseous medium can be cold or hot air, gaseous mixture or water steam. Liquid medium can be hot or cold water or gaseous mixture with dispersed effective substance.

The air gap can be closed along its circumference or open, or, as the case may be, controlled towards the surrounding environment. When it is closed, tempering the air gap can occur as well as utilization of accumulation of masonry with additional warming by an external source. When the air gap is open, it enables its ventilation and removal of the brought medium e.g. if it concerns extinguishing or disinfection. When the air gap is controlled, it enables a transition between the mode of the open and closed gap.

The distribution of media can be open or closed. When the distribution of media is open, the medium brought from the distribution flows out and wets the walls of the air gap. When the distribution of media is closed, the medium circulates in the distribution and returns to the source of the medium for warming or cooling with connection to the source of solar energy or pump. According to this invention, also the application of the air gap in the building strata of the thermally insulating system as the means for the distribution of the gaseous or liquid medium for extinguishing, disinfection, warming, ventilation, cooling and exhaustion is new.

Description of the Drawings

The invention is described in detail hereinbelow in the exemplary designs, schematically illustrated in the drawings, of which the following is presented

fig. 1 vertical cut through the building strata,

fig. 2 top view of the section A-1 of fig. 1

Examples of Performance

Fig. 1 and 2 illustrates the building strata of the thermally insulating system, with thermally insulating and hydro-insulating effect, including masonry 1 , air gap 2 behind the insulation 3, on which the armouring plaster 4 is fixed by means of the anchoring element, which is e.g. an expanded spacer 5. In the air gap 2, under the insulation 3, and between the spacers 5, an extinguishing or cooling or warming distribution 6 is built-in, e.g. the piping for supplying the required medium, i.e. cooling fire extinguishing water, hot or cold air, hot or cold water, steam or another medium, gaseous or liquid mixture with effective substances, e.g. disinfection or cleaning solution, anti-freeze mixture for the connection to the solar system, etc. The distribution 6 is connected to the solar system or thermal pumps. In the exemplary design, the distribution 6 has outlet from the pressure or pumping equipment 7, which is located above the plinth batten 8, and the medium flows from the equipment 7 through the piping 6 in the direction 9 upwards. It can also flow in the opposite direction.

The medium is drained from the piping 6 by means of gravity, i.e. the piping 6 is emptied in the opposite direction. From the piping 6 the medium flows from nozzles that are not illustrated, the size of which corresponds to the need to maintain an even outflow and circulation of the medium.

This modification ensures the distribution of liquid and gaseous media, whereby it multiplies the function of the air gap 2 in contactless thermally insulating systems. The air gap 2 shall have the dimension enabling distribution 6 of the medium. The effect of the medium is directed on the underside of the insulation 3.

If required, medium can be sucked from the air gap 2, e.g. for suction of the thermal pump.

in case of high rise buildings, a control gap is formed between various types of insulations 3 and the air gap 2 is formed, which can be utilized in a similar way. When the air gap 2 is closed along its circumference, tempering the air gap 2 occurs as well as utilization of accumulation of masonry 1 with additional warming by an external source. When the air gap 2 is open, it enables its ventilation and removal of the brought medium if it concerns extinguishing or disinfection. The controlled air gap 2 enables a transition between the mode of the open and closed gap 2, e.g. by means of flaps or a gate.

The basic distribution 6 can be horizontal piping with vertical distributions.

The distribution 6 of media can be forced or gravity, gravitational.

In the open distribution 6 of media, the medium brought from it flows out and wets the walls of the air gap 2, which is suitable for extinguishing or disinfection. In the closed distribution 6 the medium circulates in the distribution 2 and returns to the source of the medium, which is suitable for warming or cooling, by connection to the source of solar energy or pump.

Air gaps 2 in the building strata of the thermally insulating system can be used as means for the distribution of gaseous or liquid medium for extinguishing, disinfection, warming, ventilation, cooling and exhaustion.

Utilizing the air gap 2 does not hinder quality of the thermal insulation and cohesion of the insulation strata. Industrial Applicability

The solution is suitable for application in construction thermal insulation systems.

Legend

1 masonry

2 air gap

3 insulation

4 plaster

5 spacer

6 distribution

7 equipment

8 batten

9 direction 9 media

Claims

C L A I M S

1. Building strata of the thermally insulating system with an air gap, especially contactless building systems with thermally insulating and hydro-insulating effect in the exterior or interior, including the building structure, e.g. masonry (1 ) and insulation (3), or, as the case may be, various types of insulations (3), and between the building structure and the insulation (3) or between various insulations {3), the air gap (2) is formed, in which anchoring elements (5) are located, whereby the air gap (2) forms another insulation layer, characterized in that

between the building structure and the insulation (3), or, as the case may be, between individual insulations (3) of the building strata of the thermally insulating system with thermally insulating and hydro-insulating effect, the air gap (2) is formed on purpose, closed along its circumference, or open, or controlled towards the surrounding environment, and in the air gap (2), a distribution (6) of at least one gaseous or liquid medium or gaseous or liquid mixture with effective substances, like e.g. disinfection or cleaning solution of anti-freeze mixture, is located, whereas the distribution (6) of the gaseous or liquid medium in this air gap (2) is a means for activities like e.g. extinguishing, disinfection, warming, ventilation, cooling and exhaustion.

2. Building strata according to Claim 1 , characterized in that

the air gap (2) can be controlled by means of flaps or a gate.

3. Building strata according to Claim 1 , characterized in that

in the air gap (2) formed as vertical air gap (2) with distribution (6) of gaseous or liquid medium or gaseous or liquid mixture with effective substances, the transfer of such media is forced or gravitational.

4. Building strata according to Claim 1 , characterized in that

the distribution (6) of media is open or closed.