WO2011113262A1 - 无线传感器网络的接入方法及系统 - Google Patents
无线传感器网络的接入方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011113262A1 WO2011113262A1 PCT/CN2010/076610 CN2010076610W WO2011113262A1 WO 2011113262 A1 WO2011113262 A1 WO 2011113262A1 CN 2010076610 W CN2010076610 W CN 2010076610W WO 2011113262 A1 WO2011113262 A1 WO 2011113262A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of communication technologies for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and telecommunication networks, and more particularly to a method and system for accessing wireless sensor networks.
- WLANs wireless sensor networks
- Background technique
- WSN is a new information acquisition and processing technology. Improvements in recent microfabrication technologies, communication technologies, and battery technologies have enabled tiny WSN terminals to have the ability to sense, wirelessly communicate and process information. Such WSN terminals can not only sense and detect the objects and changes of the environment, but also process the collected data, and send the processed data to the data collection center by wireless transmission.
- WSN terminals typically consist of power supplies, sensing components, embedded processors, memory, communication components, and software. Among them, the power supply provides the sensor node with the energy necessary for normal operation. The sensing component is used to sense, acquire, and convert external information into digital signals.
- the embedded processor is responsible for coordinating the work of various parts of the node, such as performing necessary processing, saving, and controlling the operating mode of the sensing component and the power supply.
- the communication component is responsible for communicating with other sensors or observers.
- the software provides the necessary software support for the sensor nodes, such as embedded operating systems, embedded database systems, and more. Detecting thermal, infrared, sonar, radar and seismic signals in the surrounding environment by means of a variety of sensing components built into the terminal to detect temperature, humidity, noise, light intensity, pressure, soil composition, moving objects The size, speed and direction of many other material phenomena of interest to us.
- WSN terminals generally form a network through self-organization or pre-configuration.
- wireless low-power communication technology In terms of communication methods, although various forms such as wired, wireless, infrared, and optical can be used, it is generally considered that short-range wireless low-power communication technology is most suitable for sensors.
- Network usage commonly referred to as WSN.
- wireless low-power communication technologies include: IEEE 802.15.4 and Zigbee technologies.
- IEEE 802.15.4 is a low-speed wireless personal area network standard developed by IEEE.
- the IEEE 802.15.4 specifies the physical layer and media access control layer standards.
- the IEEE 802.15.4 compliant communication module features low cost, low power consumption, and small size.
- the Zigbee Alliance is an organization dedicated to developing reliable, low-cost, low-power, wireless network connectivity monitoring and control products based on open global standards.
- the Zigbee standard physical layer and media access control layer use IEEE 802.15.4 technology, and the network layer, security management, application layer specifications, and interoperability are developed by the Zigbee Alliance.
- the Zigbee smart energy public applications profile and the Zigbee home automation public applications profile in the Zigbee standard are for business environment applications and home applications.
- the WSN terminal's micro-processing capabilities and wireless communication capabilities make WSN a promising application for military applications, biological and environmental monitoring, health applications, home applications, industrial control and monitoring.
- WSN and telecommunication networks, such as 2G mobile communication, 3G mobile communication, digital subscriber loop communication technology (xDSL), optical fiber communication (FTTx), broadband wireless access, satellite/microwave, etc.
- xDSL digital subscriber loop communication technology
- FTTx optical fiber communication
- satellite/microwave satellite/microwave
- the combination of the WSN and the telecommunication network refers to connecting the WSN with the telecommunication network, using the telecommunication network to monitor, manage and complete the service bearer and cooperation implementation of the WSN and the services provided by the telecommunication network, and expand the service provided by the WSN through the telecommunication network.
- the combination of WSN and telecommunication network is generally The WSN is connected to the telecommunications network platform through a gateway device.
- the WSN terminal is a sensor node constituting the WSN and is connected to the gateway by one or more hops.
- the WSN terminal is responsible for collecting and uploading data, as well as receiving and executing commands.
- the WSN terminals that make up the WSN are as few as a few hundreds, and WSN terminals can be networked in a star, tree or mesh manner, some of which have strong groups. Network and data forwarding capabilities.
- the gateway is responsible for transmitting the data reported by the WSN terminal to the relevant network element entity in the telecommunication network, and the relevant network element entity in the telecommunication network sends the relevant instruction to the WSN terminal through the gateway.
- the gateway is generally responsible for creating the WSN, which is responsible for the management of the WSN terminal when joining and leaving the sensor network.
- the configuration information of the WSN terminal and the sensor network are stored in the gateway. Important data such as business configuration information.
- the data reported by the WSN terminal needs to be sent to the relevant network element entity in the telecommunication network through the gateway, and only one gateway in the existing WSN is used to forward the data reported by the WSN terminal to the relevant network element entity in the telecommunication network, thereby
- the gateway in the WSN is heavily loaded, and the data of the WSN terminal cannot be sent in time, and the communication between the WSN terminal and the gateway is congested.
- the problem This will seriously affect the normal operation of the WSN.
- the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a WSN access method and system, which can avoid the problem that data cannot be timely transmitted and congested when a WSN terminal accesses a telecommunication network through a gateway.
- a method for accessing a wireless sensor network comprising: configuring a plurality of gateways in a wireless sensor network (WSN); and the WSN terminals in the WSN pass the plurality of gateways Access to the telecommunications network.
- WSN wireless sensor network
- one gateway is a master gateway, and the remaining gateways are slave gateways; among the plurality of gateways, the master gateway performs scheduling allocation of the gateway, and allocates an access station to the WSN terminal.
- the gateway used in the telecommunications network;
- the method further includes: the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network through a gateway allocated by the main gateway; wherein the gateway allocated by the main gateway includes: a main gateway Self, or any one from the gateway.
- the method further includes:
- the management platform notifies the primary gateway in the WSN that a new secondary gateway applies to join the WSN; the primary gateway adds the network configuration parameters required by the secondary gateway to the WSN, and sends the network configuration parameters to the WSN through the management platform. Referring to the gateway; the slave gateway joins the WSN according to the received network configuration parameter.
- the method further includes: the primary gateway recording information about the slave gateway;
- the information of the slave gateway includes: an address of the slave gateway in the WSN, an address of the slave gateway in the telecommunication network, and a telecommunication network access capability that the slave gateway can provide; When an address is used, the primary gateway only needs to record one address.
- the method further includes: saving, by the primary gateway, telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal, where the primary gateway accesses the configuration information of the telecommunication network, and records a gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network.
- the method further includes: when the gateway allocated by the primary gateway is a secondary gateway, the method further includes: the secondary gateway recording, by the gateway, the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network through the secondary gateway; Decoding network access configuration information of the WSN terminal, recording identification information of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network through the slave gateway, and the WSN terminal and the The configuration information is connected from the communication between the gateways.
- the method further includes:
- the main gateway allocates the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network; the main gateway sends the information of the WSN terminal and the communication connection configuration information to the gateway allocated by the main gateway;
- the primary gateway sends the information of the assigned gateway and the communication connection configuration information to the WSN terminal.
- the method further includes: when the information of the WSN terminal is submitted by the service client of the WSN to the management platform, the method further includes:
- the management platform sends a request for acquiring the network configuration parameter to the primary gateway in the determined WSN; the primary gateway feeds back the network configuration parameter to the management platform, and sends the network configuration parameter to the WSN terminal;
- the WSN terminal joins the WSN through the network configuration parameter.
- the method further includes:
- the primary gateway can change the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network
- the gateway used by the primary gateway and the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network can clear the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal stored in the primary gateway and the used gateway.
- An access system of a wireless sensor network includes a WSN, a WSN terminal in a WSN, and a telecommunication network, the system further comprising: a plurality of gateways configured in one WSN; wherein, the multiple gateways are used for And as the transmission medium of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network, accessing the WSN terminal in the WSN to the telecommunication network.
- one of the plurality of gateways is a gateway, and the remaining gateways are slave gateways;
- the primary gateway is configured to perform scheduling allocation of a gateway in the multiple gateways, and
- the WSN terminal allocates a gateway used when accessing the telecommunication network
- the gateway allocated by the primary gateway includes: the primary gateway itself, or any one of the secondary gateways.
- the primary gateway is further configured to: when the slave gateway applies to join the WSN, learn from the management platform that a new slave gateway applies to join the WSN, and the primary gateway needs to join the slave gateway to the WSN. Network configuration parameters are sent to the slave gateway through the management platform;
- the slave gateway is configured to join the WSN according to the received network configuration parameter.
- the primary gateway is further configured to allocate, when the WSN terminal requests to join the WSN, a gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network; the primary gateway sets information and communication connection configuration information of the WSN terminal. Sending to the gateway assigned by the primary gateway; the primary gateway sends the information of the assigned gateway and the communication connection configuration information to the WSN terminal.
- the system further includes: the service client of the WSN, configured to submit the information of the WSN terminal to the management platform; after the primary gateway feeds back the network configuration parameter to the management platform, the service client The management platform learns the network configuration parameters and sends the network configuration parameters to the WSN terminal;
- the WSN terminal is further configured to join to the WSN by using the received network configuration parameter
- the primary gateway is further configured to: after determining, by the management platform, the WSN of the location that the WSN terminal is ready to use according to the information of the WSN terminal, as the primary gateway in the determined WSN, receive the network from the management platform.
- the configuration parameter request is fed back to the management platform.
- the present invention configures multiple gateways in one WSN; the WSN terminals in the WSN access the telecommunications network through multiple gateways.
- a WSN and a telecommunication network when a WSN and a telecommunication network are combined, multiple networks are configured in one WSN.
- a plurality of gateways respectively provide access to the telecommunication network for the WSN terminal in the WSN, thereby improving the access capability of the WSN to the telecommunication network, and effectively solving the problem in the prior art that the WSN terminal accesses the telecommunication network through a gateway.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a WSN terminal joining a WSN according to a second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram of a system in which a plurality of gateways exist in a WSN according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
- the basic idea of the present invention is to: configure multiple gateways in one WSN; WSN terminals in the WSN access the telecommunication network through multiple gateways.
- a WSN access method mainly includes the following contents:
- the present invention is different from the prior art.
- There is only one gateway in the WSN and multiple gateways exist in the WSN, and the WSN terminal is connected to the telecommunication network through multiple gateways.
- the multiple gateways of the WSN one of the gateways is the master gateway, and the remaining gateways are slave gateways.
- the primary gateway specifies the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunications network, and the WSN terminal accesses the telecommunications network through the gateway designated by the primary gateway. It should be noted that the specified gateway can be either the primary gateway itself or one of the secondary gateways.
- the telecommunications network access is provided from the WSN terminal in the WSN designated by the gateway as the primary gateway.
- the slave gateway registers with the existing management platform, and the management platform notifies the master gateway in the WSN that a new slave gateway joins the WSN.
- the primary gateway can join the network configuration parameters required by the WSN from the network management, and send the configuration parameters to the secondary gateway through the management platform, and the secondary network joins the WSN through the network configuration parameters of the WSN.
- the master gateway records the information of the slave gateway.
- the information of the slave gateway may include: an address from the gateway in the WSN, an address of the slave gateway in the telecommunication network, and a telecommunication network that can be provided by the slave gateway.
- the primary gateway only needs to record the address.
- the communication between the primary gateway and the secondary gateway can be through the WSN or through the telecommunications network.
- the primary gateway In addition to recording the information from the gateway, the primary gateway also stores the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal in the WSN, and the primary gateway can access the configuration information through the telecommunication network, and record the gateway used when the WSN terminal accesses the telecommunication network. .
- the network configuration parameter required to join the WSN from the gateway refers to: parameters related to the network configuration that the gateway needs to have when joining the sensor network, such as a key, an address of the primary gateway, etc.; and the telecommunication network access configuration here.
- the information refers to: Recording configuration information of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network.
- the telecommunications network access configuration information of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network through the gateway is recorded from the gateway.
- the information may include an address of the WSN terminal, configuration information of the WSN terminal and a communication connection between the gateways, and the like.
- the communication connection configuration information may be a configuration parameter required to establish a communication connection between the WSN terminal and the gateway.
- the WSN's primary gateway specifies the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunications network.
- the primary gateway may send the information of the WSN terminal and the communication connection configuration information to the designated gateway, and the primary gateway sends the information of the designated gateway and the communication connection configuration information to the gateway.
- WSN terminal the information of the WSN terminal may be an identifier in the WSN, and the slave gateway may identify the WSN terminal by using the identifier.
- the primary gateway can change the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network.
- the newly designated gateway of the primary gateway provides telecommunications network access for the WSN terminal.
- the first gateway no longer provides telecommunication network access for the WSN terminal.
- the gateway used by the primary gateway and the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network can clear the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal stored in the gateway, and the gateway corresponding to the main gateway and the WSN terminal leaves at the WSN terminal. After the WSN, the WSN terminal is no longer provided with telecommunication network access.
- a WSN access system the system mainly includes the following contents:
- the WSN consists of a WSN terminal and a gateway device.
- the WSN terminal and the gateway can form a WSN according to the existing related technical standards of the WSN.
- the WSN connects to the telecommunication network through the gateway, and establishes communication with the management platform and service platform of the WSN in the telecommunication network.
- the gateway is responsible for connecting the WSN and the telecommunications network. It mainly performs functions such as protocol conversion, address mapping, and data forwarding. It can also integrate security and billing functions.
- the functions that the gateway can support include: Supporting WSN internal data coordination and aggregation; Supporting one or more of long-distance communication access methods such as mobile communication, wired access, broadband wireless access, satellite/microwave, etc. Data transmission to the communication peer; Supports service platform and remote management server for device authentication and user authentication of the gateway; Supports service platform and remote management server to gateway parameters and software configuration; Supports user authentication and service security, device management security mechanism.
- the service platform is a functional entity that operates and manages services combined with the WSN in the telecommunication network. It is responsible for integrating the services provided by each service provider and providing them to the end users, and managing the use of the services by the users.
- the service platform cooperates with other functional entities in the telecommunication network to complete the entire business process, such as authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA), according to the needs of different services.
- the business platform may also be connected to a remote server to update the business directly.
- the WSN management platform is an entity that implements management functions for the WSN and is composed of a remote management server.
- the remote management server implements basic management functions for the WSN through the telecommunications network.
- the service client of the WSN can be connected with the management platform and service platform of the WSN, and can perform functions such as querying and inputting service data of the WSN management, and complete management of the WSN with the management platform of the WSN; the service client of the WSN can pass the connection line.
- the WSN terminal and the gateway establish a communication connection, and cooperate with the WSN management platform and the service platform to write the relevant parameters of the WSN and the relevant parameters of the WSN service to the WSN terminal and the gateway. It should be noted here that: In the above system architecture, the architecture of multiple gateways and the service client are different from the prior art, and other components, such as the management platform, are improved on the existing basis.
- the method and system provided by the present invention can configure multiple gateways in one WSN, and multiple gateways provide telecommunication network access for WSN terminals in the WSN, thereby improving the access capability of the WSN to the telecommunication network.
- the problem of congestion of the wireless sensor network existing when the WSN terminal accesses the telecommunication network can be effectively solved.
- the invention is illustrated by way of example below.
- a WSN is a wireless network composed of a set of wireless sensor node devices, such as WSN terminals, in an ad hoc manner.
- the WSN terminals communicate with short-range wireless communication technologies.
- WSNs are typically deployed in areas ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters, where WSN terminals are typically battery powered, with lower power consumption and cost.
- Near field communication technology generally uses Zigbee and IEEE 802.15.4 technology.
- the combination of WSN and telecommunication network refers to connecting the WSN with the telecommunication network, using the telecommunication network to monitor, manage and complete the service bearer and cooperation implementation of the WSN and the services it provides, and extend the services provided by the WSN through the telecommunication network.
- the telecommunication network includes various communication networks such as mobile communication networks, xDSL, FTTx, and satellite communications.
- the system architecture diagram of multiple WSN terminals in the WSN accessing the telecommunication network through multiple gateways is shown in FIG. 2, and the part filled with the cross line in FIG. WSN terminals, the point-filled part indicates the area where multiple WSN terminals are located area.
- the system architecture of Figure 2 is described in detail below.
- the WSN is composed of multiple WSN terminals and multiple gateways. Multiple WSN terminals and multiple gateways can form a wireless sensor network according to the relevant technical standards of the WSN.
- the short-range communication technologies that can be used to form the WSN include Zigbee technology and IEEE. 802.15.4 standard, etc.
- the WSN is connected to the telecommunication network through a plurality of gateways, and establishes communication with the management platform of the WSN in the telecommunication network.
- the multiple gateways include a primary gateway and multiple secondary gateways.
- the WSN accesses the telecommunication network through multiple gateways, and is connected to the access network, the core network, the service platform, and the management platform of the WSN via the telecommunication network.
- the WSN terminal is connected to the telecommunications network through a plurality of gateways.
- the WSN terminal is a sensor node constituting the WSN and is connected to the gateway by one or more hops.
- the WSN terminal is responsible for collecting and uploading data, as well as receiving and executing commands.
- the WSNs that make up the WSN are as few as a few and a few hundred.
- the WSN terminals can be networked in a star, tree or mesh mode. Some WSN terminals may have strong networking and data forwarding capabilities.
- the gateway is responsible for connecting the WSN and the telecommunications network. It mainly performs functions such as protocol conversion, address mapping, and data forwarding. It can also integrate security and billing functions.
- the functions that the gateway can support include: Support for data collaboration and aggregation within the sensor network; Support for one-way communication access methods such as 2G mobile communication, 3G mobile communication, xDSL, FTTx, broadband wireless access, satellite/microwave, etc. Multiple, the aggregated data is transmitted to the communication peer; Supports the device platform and remote management server to device authentication and user authentication of the gateway; Supports the parameters and software configuration of the service platform and the remote management server to the gateway; Supports user authentication and service security , equipment management security mechanism.
- the service platform is a functional entity that operates and manages services combined with the WSN in the telecommunication network. It is responsible for integrating the services provided by each service provider and providing them to the end users, and managing the use of the services by the users.
- the service platform cooperates with other functional entities in the telecommunication network to complete the entire business process, such as an AAA server, according to the needs of different services.
- the business platform may also be connected to a remote server to update the business directly.
- the WSN management platform is an entity that implements management functions for the WSN and is composed of a remote management server.
- the remote management server implements basic management functions for the WSN through the telecommunications network.
- the service client of the WSN can be connected with the management platform and service platform of the WSN, and can perform functions such as querying and inputting service data of the WSN management, and complete management of the WSN terminal and the gateway in cooperation with the WSN management platform.
- the service client of the WSN can be configured with a connection line that can be connected to the WSN terminal and the gateway in the WSN.
- the service client of the WSN can establish a connection with the WSN terminal and the gateway in the WSN through the connection line.
- other communication connections can be used between the service client of the WSN and the WSN terminal and the gateway.
- the service client of the WSN can cooperate with the WSN management platform and the service platform to write the relevant parameters of the WSN and related parameters of the WSN service to the WSN terminal and the gateway.
- the WSN is built by Zigbee technology and the WSN is managed.
- the secondary gateway can be added to the WSN as a routing node in the wireless sensor network. There can be multiple secondary gateways in the WSN.
- the process of joining the gateway to the WSN includes the following steps:
- Step 101 Registering from the management platform by the communication connection provided by the gateway through the telecommunication network.
- the communication connection can be established with the management platform through the telecommunication network, and the registration request is sent to the management platform.
- the management platform can determine the authenticity of the identity from the gateway by authenticating from the identity of the gateway.
- the information of the slave gateway is pre-stored in the management platform, and the information includes the network access capability parameter of the slave gateway, the location of the installation, and the like.
- Step 102 The management platform notifies the primary gateway in the WSN that a new slave gateway applies to join the WSN.
- the management platform determines the WSN to be joined from the gateway according to the location where the slave gateway is to be installed, and then notifies the master gateway of the WSN that a new slave gateway applies to join the WSN.
- Management The platform may simultaneously send the information of the slave gateway to the master gateway, where the information of the slave gateway may include: an address of the slave gateway in the telecommunication network, a network access capability parameter, and the like.
- Step 103 The primary gateway sends the network configuration parameters required to join the WSN to the secondary gateway.
- the primary gateway sends the network configuration parameters required by the gateway to the sensor network to the management platform, and then the management platform sends the network configuration parameters and the address of the primary gateway in the telecommunication network to the slave gateway.
- the network configuration parameters here include the address of the primary gateway in the sensor network, the initial master key.
- Step 104 Add a network configuration parameter of the sensor network obtained from the gateway to the WSN.
- the gateway performs channel scanning in the coverage area of the WSN, and then sends an Association Request frame request to the WSN to join the WSN.
- the slave gateway and the master gateway negotiate according to the initial master key, and determine the network key, the link key, the address, and the like.
- the gateway records its own address in the WSN and related routing information, and the master gateway records the information from the address and the slave gateway in the WSN.
- the master gateway and the slave gateway can communicate and exchange related data through the WSN.
- the address of the primary gateway and the secondary gateway in the telecommunication network can use the IP address. Since both the primary gateway and the secondary gateway keep the IP address of the other party in the telecommunication network, the two parties can also communicate through the telecommunication network.
- the WSN terminal in order to enable the WSN terminal to join the WSN, the WSN terminal needs to obtain the network configuration parameters required for joining the WSN from the management platform of the WSN.
- the network configuration parameters include the initial master key of the WSN to be joined and the trust center.
- Address which is the address of the primary gateway.
- the primary gateway verifies the authenticity of the initial master key of the WSN terminal, thereby verifying the identity of the WSN terminal.
- the WSN terminal is allowed to join the WSN, and the WSN terminal and the primary gateway may be based on an initial The master key negotiates to determine the link key, network key, and address required for joining the WSN, so that the WSN terminal successfully joins the WSN.
- the primary gateway rejects the WSN terminal to join the WSN because the initial master key cannot be provided or the initial master key is not the correct key.
- the WSN terminal manufacturer when the WSN terminal manufacturer produces the WSN terminal, the network configuration parameter of the WSN is not written in the WSN terminal, and the service client of the WSN can be written in the WSN terminal before the WSN terminal is put into use.
- WSN network configuration parameters In order to realize the security of the WSN network configuration parameters, the WSN terminal manufacturer can set the read/write key for each or a group of WSN terminals, and realize the secure transmission of the information read and written by the external entity by reading and writing the key. The external entity must have the correct read and write key when reading and writing the network configuration parameters in the WSN terminal. The WSN terminal manufacturer can provide the WSN terminal read/write key to the WSN management platform and securely save it by the WSN management platform.
- the WSN management platform can obtain the WSN network configuration parameters in two ways.
- the first mode is as follows: The management platform of the WSN sends a request for acquiring the configuration parameters of the sensor network to the primary gateway in the WSN, and the primary gateway provides the network configuration parameters required for the WSN terminal to join the WSN.
- the second way is as follows: After the WSN is created, the WSN will add the required network configuration parameters of the WSN to the WSN management platform and save it on the WSN management platform.
- the process of joining the WSN terminal to the sensor network when acquiring the network configuration parameters required for joining the WSN includes the following steps:
- Step 201 The service client of the WSN submits the information of the WSN terminal to the management platform of the WSN.
- the information of the WSN terminal may include: an identifier number of the WSN terminal, and a WSN terminal The location to be used, etc.
- the information about the WSN terminal that can be input to the management platform of the WSN includes the identification number of the WSN terminal, the type of the WSN terminal, and the location to be used, and the location used by the WSN terminal.
- the location of the WSN managed by the management platform where the WSN exists is allowed, and the location information of the non-existing WSN cannot be input.
- Step 202 The management platform of the WSN obtains the information of the WSN of the location that the WSN terminal is ready to use according to the location information that the WSN terminal is ready to use.
- the management platform of the WSN queries the information of the sensor network stored in the platform according to the usage location information of the sensor network terminal, and acquires information of the sensor network at the location, including the sensor network. Identification number, address of the primary gateway, etc.
- Step 203 The management platform of the WSN establishes communication with the primary gateway of the WSN at the location, and obtains the network configuration parameter of the WSN required by the WSN terminal to join the WSN.
- the management platform of the WSN sends a request message for acquiring the network configuration parameter of the WSN to the primary gateway of the WSN, in which the management platform of the WSN can send the information of the WSN terminal to be added to the WSN to the primary gateway.
- the information of the WSN terminal may include an identifier number of the WSN terminal, a WSN terminal type, and the like.
- Step 204 The primary gateway of the WSN prepares the WSN terminal to join the network configuration parameter of the WSN, and sends the configuration parameter to the WSN.
- the primary gateway may save the received terminal information and add the WSN terminal to the list of WSN terminals to be joined, and the primary gateway prepares network configuration parameters for the WSN terminal to join the WSN, and then the network is configured.
- the configuration parameters are sent to the management platform of the WSN.
- an initial master key may be set for the sensor network terminal, and then the initial master key and the primary gateway address are sent to the WSN management platform as network configuration parameters added to the WSN.
- Step 205 The management platform of the WSN writes the network configuration parameters of the WSN to the WSN terminal through the service client of the WSN.
- the management platform of the WSN establishes communication with the WSN terminal through the service client of the WSN, and performs identity verification by reading and writing keys; after the identity verification is passed, the network configuration parameters are written to the WSN terminal; The network configuration parameters can be safely saved in an encrypted manner.
- Step 206 The WSN terminal applies to the WSN by using the network configuration parameter of the WSN, and the primary gateway verifies the WSN terminal. If the verification succeeds, step 207 is performed; if the verification fails, step 208 is performed.
- the WSN terminal is placed in the area covered by the WSN to be joined.
- the WSN terminal can perform network scanning on the set channel to determine the WSN to be added.
- the network scan can send a Beacon Request frame on the channel.
- the device in the WSN on this channel receives the Beacon Request, if a new WSN terminal is allowed to join the sensing network, it will respond to the Beacon frame.
- the Beacon frame contains the address information of the WSN terminal that sent the frame, and whether other WSN terminals are allowed to join in the manner of their child nodes.
- the WSN terminal saves the information of the received Beacon frame in its own association table.
- the WSN terminal selects an appropriate parent node in the association table, and sends an Association Request frame request to the parent node to join the WSN.
- the WSN terminal at the parent node of the WSN informs the WSN that the primary gateway has a new WSN terminal requesting to join the WSN.
- the WSN main gateway performs a risk certificate on the WSN terminal
- the risk certificate method can refer to the method in which the node device joins the network in the Zigbee specification, and the main gateway determines the authenticity of the initial master key in the WSN terminal. If the WSN terminal passes the verification, the operation in step 207 is performed; if the WSN terminal verification fails, the operation in step 208 is performed. Step 207: After the WSN terminal passes the verification, the communication gateway negotiates with the primary gateway to determine the link key and the network key, and the primary gateway adds the information of the WSN terminal in the node management table, and the parent node device of the WSN terminal is in its neighbor table. The information of the sensor network terminal is saved, and the WSN terminal saves the information of the parent node and the master gateway in its own neighbor table. At this point, the WSN terminal successfully joined the sensor network. Then step 209 is performed.
- Step 208 The WSN terminal fails to pass the authentication, and the primary gateway rejects the WSN terminal to join the WSN. Then, the process of joining the current WSN terminal to the sensor network is ended.
- Step 209 The primary gateway specifies a gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network.
- the primary gateway may send the information and communication connection configuration information of the WSN terminal to the designated gateway, and the primary gateway sends the information of the designated gateway and the communication connection configuration information to the WSN terminal.
- the communication connection configuration information is a link key required for establishing a communication connection between the designated gateway and the sensor network terminal, and the designated gateway and the WSN terminal establish a secure communication by using the link key. connection.
- Step 210 The primary gateway of the WSN notifies the management platform of the WSN that the WSN terminal has joined the WSN. Then, the process of joining the current WSN terminal to the sensor network is ended.
- the management platform of the WSN can record the information about the WSN terminal, and send the information of the WSN terminal to the service platform, the service platform configuration and the related data of the WSN terminal, and enable the service supported by the WSN terminal.
- the management platform of the WSN can record the information about the WSN terminal, and send the information of the WSN terminal to the service platform, the service platform configuration and the related data of the WSN terminal, and enable the service supported by the WSN terminal.
- the WSN terminal writes the network configuration parameter and joins the designated WSN
- the WSN's main gateway specifies the gateway used by the WSN terminal to access the telecommunication network, so that the WSN terminal can report to the service platform through the gateway. data.
- the main gateway stores the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal in the WSN, and accesses the configuration information record through the telecommunication network.
- the slave gateway can record the telecommunications network access configuration information of the WSN terminal accessing the telecommunication network through the gateway.
- the information may include an address of the WSN terminal, a configuration parameter of the WSN terminal and a communication connection between the gateway, and the like. This configuration information can be saved from the gateway via a dedicated file.
- the primary gateway may select another slave gateway closer to the WSN terminal for one WSN terminal, thereby reducing the WSN terminal.
- the routing path between the gateway and the slave gateway can reduce the communication complexity and energy saving effect in the WSN.
- the main gateway may designate a new gateway for the WSN terminal to provide the telecommunication network access, and the main gateway may send the information and communication connection configuration information of the WSN terminal to the newly designated gateway, and notify the gateway change message that the The WSN terminal provides a gateway for telecommunications network access.
- the newly designated gateway adds the configuration information of the WSN terminal to the gateway, and the original gateway deletes the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal stored in the gateway.
- the newly designated gateway provides telecommunication network access for the WSN terminal, and the original gateway no longer provides telecommunication network access for the WSN terminal.
- the primary gateway and the sensing network terminal access the gateway used by the telecommunication network, and the telecommunication network access configuration information of the WSN terminal saved in the gateway can be cleared, the primary gateway and the WSN.
- the gateway corresponding to the terminal does not provide the telecommunication network access for the WSN terminal after the WSN terminal leaves the WSN.
- ZigBee is an emerging short-range, low-rate, low-cost, low-power wireless network technology. Surgery. It uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology and operates at 868MHz, 915MHz or 2.4GHz, all without the need to apply for a license.
- DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
- the configuration of wireless personal area network based on ZigBee technology is a new development of short-range wireless communication technology in recent years, and has been widely used in the field of industrial automation and smart home.
- ZigBee coordination points There are three types of nodes in the ZigBee network: ZigBee coordination points, ZigBee routing nodes, and
- the ZigBee coordination point is also called the Personal Area Network (PAN) coordination point (ZC, ZigBee Coordinator) in IEEE 802.15.4, and can be used as a sink node in the WSN.
- PAN Personal Area Network
- ZC ZigBee Coordinator
- the ZigBee coordination point must be a Full-Function Device (FFD).
- a ZigBee network has only one ZigBee coordination point. It is often more powerful than other nodes in the network and is the master node of the entire network. It is responsible for initiating the establishment of new networks, setting network parameters, managing nodes in the network, and storing node information in the network. After the network is formed, it can also perform the functions of the router.
- the ZigBee coordination point is the most complex of the three types of ZigBee nodes, and is typically powered by AC power.
- the ZigBee routing node (ZR, ZigBee Router) must also be a fully functional device.
- ZigBee routing nodes can participate in route discovery, message forwarding, and extend the coverage of the network by connecting other nodes.
- the ZigBee routing node can also act as a common coordination point in its personal operating space (POS, Personal Operating Space), and IEEE 802.15.4 is called a coordination point.
- POS personal Operating Space
- IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4 is called a coordination point.
- the normal coordination point is different from the ZigBee coordination point, which is still controlled by the ZigBee coordination point.
- the ZigBee EndNode (ZE, ZigBee EndDevice) can be a full-featured device or a Reduced-Function Device (RFD) that connects to the network through a ZigBee co-node or ZigBee routing node, but not Allowing any other node to join the network through it, the ZigBee endpoint can operate at very low power.
- RFD Reduced-Function Device
- the primary gateway acts as a Zigbee coordination point in the Zigbee network, and is responsible for the WSN. Formed.
- the WSN terminal can join the WSN as a Zigbee routing node or a Zigbee terminal node, and join the WSN from the gateway as a Zigbee routing node. Gateways and WSN terminals need to support Zigbee communication technology.
- the keys used in the Zigbee network mainly include: a master key, a link key, and a network key. Explained separately below.
- This key is a shared key used in the process of establishing a symmetric key establishment protocol.
- the master key is the basis for long-term security between the two devices and can be used to generate link keys.
- Link key In a PAN network, a key shared between two devices for secure communication between two devices.
- This key is a shared key in a PAN network and is used for the security of broadcast communication.
- a trust center is a trusted device that distributes security keys across a network. It allows devices to join the network and assign keys, thus ensuring end-to-end security between devices.
- the network coordinator can become a trust center.
- the Trust Center provides the following three features:
- the task is responsible for verifying the device joining the network.
- the task is to obtain and assign network keys to the device.
- Configuration management The task is to bind the application to the device it manages, and achieve end-to-end secure transmission between the two devices.
- the device In order to implement trust management, the device needs to receive the initial master key from the trust center.
- the device should receive the initial network key and can only obtain updates to the network key from the Trust Center.
- the device needs to receive the master key or link key from the trust center to Establish an end-to-end secure link between two devices.
- the additional link key, master key, and network key can only be obtained from the trust center in a secure manner.
- the trust center should periodically update the network key according to a policy and pass the new network key to each device.
- the primary gateway acts as a trust center for network security management.
- the identity authentication and secure communication of the gateway can be implemented between the sensor network management platform and other network element entities in the gateway and the telecommunication network through the identity of the gateway.
- a WSN is identified by the network identifier of the WSN.
- the network identifier of the sensor network may be determined by the primary gateway or by the sensor network management platform, and the sensor network management platform records information about the sensor network including the network identifier and the network location. Therefore, the sensor network management platform can determine, according to a given location, whether the location has a wireless sensor network managed by the sensor network management platform, and if there is a WSN, the identifier of the WSN at the location can be obtained, thereby determining Location of the WSN.
- WSN can be represented by Wireless Sensor Network, abbreviated as WSN
- wireless personal area network can be represented by Wireless Personal Area Network, abbreviated as WPAN
- media access control layer can use Media Access Control Representation, abbreviated as MAC
- association table can be represented by neighbor table
- master key can be represented by Master key
- link key can be represented by Link key
- network key can be represented by Network key.
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无线传感器网络的接入方法,该方法包括:在一个无线传感器网络(WSN)中配置多个网关;WSN中的WSN终端通过多个网关接入电信网络。本发明还公开了一种无线传感器网络的接入系统,该系统包括WSN、WSN中的WSN终端和电信网络,该系统还包括:在一个WSN中所配置的多个网关;其中,多个网关,用于作为WSN终端接入电信网络的传输媒介,将WSN中的WSN终端接入电信网络。采用本发明的方法及系统,能避免WSN终端通过网关接入电信网络时,所导致的数据不能及时发送及拥塞的问题。
Description
无线传感器网络的接入方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及无线传感器网络( WSN , Wireless Sensor Network )与电信 网络结合的通信技术领域, 尤其涉及一种无线传感器网络的接入方法及系 统。 背景技术
WSN作为计算、 通信和传感器三项技术相结合的产物, 是一种全新的 信息获取和处理技术。 由于近来微型制造的技术、 通讯技术及电池技术的 改进, 促使微小的 WSN终端可具有感应、 无线通讯及处理信息的能力。 此 类 WSN终端不但能够感应及侦测环境的目标物及改变,并且可处理收集到 的数据, 并将处理过后的数据以无线传输的方式送到数据收集中心。 这些 WSN终端通常由电源、 感知部件、 嵌入式处理器、 存储器、 通信部件和软 件这几部分构成。 其中, 电源为传感器节点提供正常工作所必需的能源。 感知部件用于感知、 获取外界的信息, 并将其转换为数字信号。 嵌入式处 理器负责协调节点各部分的工作, 如对感知部件获取的信息进行必要的处 理、 保存, 控制感知部件和电源的工作模式等。 通信部件负责与其他传感 器或观察者的通信。 软件则为传感器节点提供必要的软件支持, 如嵌入式 操作系统、 嵌入式数据库系统等。 借助于终端中内置的形式多样的传感部 件, 测量所在周边环境中的热、 红外、 声纳、 雷达和地震波信号, 从而探 测包括温度、 湿度、 噪声、 光强度、 压力、 土壤成分、 移动物体的大小、 速度和方向等众多我们感兴趣的物质现象。 WSN终端一般通过自组织或者 预配置的方式构成网络。 在通信方式上, 虽然可以釆用有线、 无线、 红外 和光等多种形式, 但一般认为短距离的无线低功率通信技术最适合传感器
网络使用,一般称作 WSN。 目前使用比较广泛的无线低功率通信技术包括: IEEE 802.15.4和 Zigbee技术。
IEEE 802.15.4是由 IEEE开发的低速无线个域网标准。 IEEE 802.15.4 规定了物理层和媒体访问控制层标准。 符合 IEEE 802.15.4标准的通信模块 具备低成本、 低耗电、 小尺寸的特点。
Zigbee联盟是一个致力于在开放的全球标准的基础上, 开发可靠的、 低成本、 低耗电、 无线网络连接的监测和控制产品的组织。 Zigbee 标准的 物理层和介质访问控制层釆用 IEEE 802.15.4技术, 网络层、 安全管理、 应 用层规范以及互通性由 Zigbee联盟开发。 Zigbee标准中的 Zigbee智能能源 公共应用规范 ( Zigbee smart energy public applications profile )和 Zigbee家 庭自动化应用规范 ( Zigbee home automation public applications profile )分另 ll 针对商业环境应用和家庭应用。
WSN 终端的微处理能力和无线通信能力使 WSN有广阔的应用前景, 其应用包括军事应用、 生物和环境监测、 健康应用、 家庭应用、 工业控制 和监测等。
WSN和电信网络结合, 如 2G移动通信、 3G移动通信、 数字用户环路 通信技术(xDSL )、 光纤通信(FTTx )、 宽带无线接入、 卫星 /微波等, 可 以使 WSN作为现有网络的延伸, 扩展了通信网络的能力, 使通信对象从人 扩展到物理世界, 具有良好的发展前景。 WSN与现有的电信网络结合后, 可以使传感网感知的数据有效的传递到数据中心, 通过对数据的整理和分 析, 可以极大程度的改变人类获取自然世界的数据的方式, 同时也能够对 WSN进行集中的管理, 解决目前分散在各处的 WSN难以管理的问题。
WSN与电信网络结合, 是指将 WSN与电信网络相连接, 利用电信网 络对 WSN及其提供的业务进行监控、 管理及完成业务的承载与合作实施, 并通过电信网络扩展 WSN 所提供的业务。 WSN 和电信网的结合一般是
WSN通过网关设备连接至电信网平台。
WSN终端为构成 WSN的传感器节点, 通过一跳或多跳与网关连接。 WSN终端负责釆集并上传数据, 以及接收并执行命令。 组成 WSN的 WSN 终端少则几个多则几百个, WSN终端之间可根据需要以星形、 树形或网状 ( mesh )等方式组网,其中某些 WSN终端或具有较强的组网和数据转发能 力。 在 WSN中, 网关负责将 WSN终端上报的数据, 发送至电信网络中的 有关网络单元实体, 电信网络中的有关网络单元实体通过网关将有关指令 发送给 WSN终端。 而且在 WSN釆用常用的 IEEE 802.15.4和 Zigbee技术 时, 一般由网关负责创建 WSN , 负责 WSN终端加入和离开传感网时的管 理,网关中保存有 WSN终端的配置信息和传感网的业务配置信息等重要数 据。
WSN终端上报的数据, 需要通过网关发送给电信网络中的有关网络单 元实体, 而现有 WSN中仅有一个网关, 用于将 WSN终端上报的数据转发 给电信网络中的有关网络单元实体, 从而当 WSN中的 WSN终端数量比较 多、或者 WSN终端频繁上报数据时,会对 WSN中的网关造成很大的负荷, 导致 WSN终端的数据不能及时发送, 以及 WSN终端与网关之间的通信发 生拥塞的问题。 这样, 会严重的影响到 WSN的正常工作。 目前, 在 WSN 和电信网络相结合的场景下, 针对这个问题尚未存在有效的解决方案。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种 WSN的接入方法及系统, 能避免 WSN终端通过网关接入电信网络时,所导致的数据不能及时发送及 拥塞的问题。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种无线传感器网络的接入方法, 该方法包括: 在一个无线传感器网 络( WSN )中配置多个网关; 所述 WSN中的 WSN终端通过所述多个网关
接入电信网络。
其中, 所述多个网关中, 一个网关为主网关, 其余的网关为从网关; 所述多个网关中, 由所述主网关进行网关的调度分配, 并为所述 WSN终端 分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关;
所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络时, 该方法还包括: 所述 WSN终端 通过主网关所分配的网关接入到所述电信网络; 其中, 所述主网关所分配 的网关包括: 主网关自身、 或任意一个从网关。
其中, 从网关申请加入所述 WSN时, 该方法还包括:
管理平台通知所述 WSN 中的主网关, 有新的从网关申请加入所述 WSN; 所述主网关将所述从网关加入所述 WSN所需要的网络配置参数, 通过所述管理平台发送给所述从网关; 所述从网关根据接收到的所述网络 配置参数加入到所述 WSN。
其中, 从网关加入到 WSN后, 该方法还包括: 所述主网关记录所述从 网关的信息;
所述从网关的信息包括: 所述从网关在所述 WSN中的地址、 所述从网 关在所述电信网络中的地址、 和所述从网关能够提供的电信网络接入能力; 釆用同一个地址时, 所述主网关只需要记录一个地址。
其中, 该方法还包括: 在所述主网关保存 WSN终端的电信网络接入配 置信息, 主网关通过所述电信网络接入配置信息, 记录 WSN终端接入所述 电信网络时所使用的网关。
其中, 当所述主网关所分配的网关为从网关时, 该方法还包括: 所述 从网关记录通过所述从网关接入电信网络的 WSN 终端的电信网络接入配 置信息; 从网关通过所述 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息, 记录通过所 述从网关接入电信网络的 WSN终端的标识信息、 和所述 WSN终端与所述
从网关之间的通信连接配置信息。
其中, WSN终端申请加入 WSN时, 该方法还包括:
主网关为所述 WSN终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关; 主网关将 WSN终端的信息、和所述通信连接配置信息发送给主网关所 分配的网关;
主网关将所分配的网关的信息、 和所述通信连接配置信息发送给所述 WSN终端。
其中, 所述 WSN终端的信息, 由所述 WSN的业务客户端向管理平台 提交时, 该方法还包括:
所述管理平台根据所述 WSN终端的信息, 确定 WSN终端准备使用的 位置的 WSN;
管理平台向所确定的 WSN 中的主网关发送获取所述网络配置参数的 请求; 所述主网关将所述网络配置参数反馈给管理平台, 并通过所述业务 客户端发送到所述 WSN终端;
所述 WSN终端通过所述网络配置参数加入到所述 WSN。
其中, 所述 WSN终端加入到 WSN后, 该方法还包括:
主网关能变更 WSN终端接入电信网络所使用的网关;
WSN终端离开 WSN时, 主网关和所述 WSN终端接入电信网络所使 用的网关,能清除主网关和所使用的网关中保存的所述 WSN终端的电信网 络接入配置信息。
一种无线传感器网络的接入系统, 该系统包括 WSN、 WSN中的 WSN 终端和电信网络, 该系统还包括: 在一个 WSN中所配置的多个网关; 其中, 所述多个网关, 用于作为所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络的传 输媒介, 将所述 WSN中的所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络。
其中, 所述多个网关中, 一个网关为主网关, 其余的网关为从网关;
所述主网关, 用于在所述多个网关中进行网关的调度分配, 并为所述
WSN终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关;
其中, 主网关所分配的网关包括: 主网关自身、 或任意一个从网关。 其中,所述主网关,进一步用于在从网关申请加入所述 WSN的情况下, 从管理平台获知有新的从网关申请加入所述 WSN, 主网关将所述从网关加 入所述 WSN 所需要的网络配置参数, 通过所述管理平台发送给所述从网 关;
所述从网关, 用于根据接收到的所述网络配置参数加入到所述 WSN。 其中,所述主网关,进一步用于在 WSN终端申请加入 WSN的情况下, 为所述 WSN终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关; 主网关将 WSN 终端的信息、 通信连接配置信息发送给主网关所分配的网关; 主网关将所 分配的网关的信息、 和通信连接配置信息发送给所述 WSN终端。
其中, 该系统还包括: 所述 WSN的业务客户端, 用于将所述 WSN终 端的信息提交给管理平台; 在主网关将所述网络配置参数反馈给管理平台 后, 所述业务客户端从管理平台获知所述网络配置参数并发送到所述 WSN 终端;
所述 WSN终端,进一步用于通过接收到的所述网络配置参数加入到所 述 WSN;
所述主网关, 进一步用于在管理平台根据所述 WSN终端的信息, 确定 WSN终端准备使用的位置的 WSN后, 作为所确定的 WSN中的主网关, 收到来自管理平台的获取所述网络配置参数的请求, 将所述网络配置参数 反馈给管理平台。
本发明在一个 WSN中配置多个网关; WSN中的 WSN终端, 通过多 个网关接入电信网络。
釆用本发明, 在 WSN和电信网络结合时, 在一个 WSN中配置多个网
关, 由多个网关分别为 WSN中的 WSN终端提供电信网络的接入, 从而, 提高了 WSN的电信网络接入能力, 可以有效的解决现有技术中因 WSN终 端通过一个网关接入电信网络时,所导致的数据不能及时发送及 WSN拥塞 的问题。 附图说明
图 1为本发明方法实施例二的 WSN终端加入 WSN的流程图; 图 2为本发明系统实施例 WSN中存在多个网关时的系统架构图。 具体实施方式
本发明的基本思想是: 在一个 WSN中配置多个网关; WSN中的 WSN 终端, 通过多个网关接入电信网络。
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述。
就本发明的方法而言, 一种 WSN的接入方法, 该方法主要包括以下内 容:
本发明区别于现有技术 WSN中只有一个网关, WSN中存在多个网关, WSN终端通过多个网关连接到电信网络。 WSN 的多个网关中, 其中一个 网关为主网关, 其余的网关为从网关。
主网关指定 WSN终端接入电信网络时所使用的网关, WSN终端通过 主网关所指定的网关接入到电信网络。 需要指出的是: 该指定的网关可以 为主网关自身, 也可以为其中的一个从网关。
从网关为主网关所指定的 WSN中的 WSN终端提供电信网络接入。 从网关加入到 WSN时, 从网关在现有的管理平台进行注册, 由该管理 平台通知该 WSN中的主网关, 有新的从网关加入到该 WSN。 主网关可以 将从网管加入 WSN 所需要的网络配置参数, 通过该管理平台发送给从网 关, 从网关通过该 WSN的网络配置参数加入到该 WSN。
从网关加入到该 WSN后, 主网关记录该从网关的信息, 从网关的信息 可以包括: 从网关在该 WSN中的地址、 从网关在电信网络中的地址、 从网 关能够提供的电信网络接入能力等。如果从网关在该 WSN中的地址和在电 信网络中的地址釆用同一个地址, 主网关只需要记录该地址。
主网关和从网关之间的通信可以通过 WSN , 也可以通过电信网络。 主网关除了记录从网关的信息外, 还保存有 WSN中的 WSN终端的电 信网络接入配置信息,主网关可以通过该电信网络接入配置信息,记录 WSN 终端接入电信网络时所使用的网关。
这里需要指出的是:针对以上涉及的从网关加入 WSN所需要的网络配 置参数和此处的电信网络接入配置信息而言, 二者是不同的概念。 其中, 从网关加入 WSN所需要的网络配置参数指:从网关要加入传感网时需要具 备的网络配置的有关参数, 例如密钥、 主网关的地址等; 而此处的电信网 络接入配置信息指: 记录 WSN终端接入电信网络的配置信息。
从网关记录通过该网关接入电信网络的 WSN 终端的电信网络接入配 置信息。 该信息可以包括 WSN终端的地址、 WSN终端和该网关之间通信 连接的配置信息等。 这里, 所述通信连接配置信息可以为建立 WSN终端和 该网关之间的通信连接所需要的配置参数。
WSN终端加入 WSN时, 由 WSN的主网关指定 WSN终端接入电信网 络所使用的网关。
主网关指定 WSN终端所使用的网关时, 主网关可以将该 WSN终端的 信息、 和通信连接配置信息发送给指定的网关, 主网关将指定的网关的信 息和所述通信连接配置信息发送给该 WSN终端。 这里的, 所述 WSN终端 的信息可以是 WSN中的标识, 从网关可以通过该标识识别 WSN终端。
WSN终端加入 WSN后, 主网关可以变更 WSN终端接入电信网络所 使用的网关。 由主网关新指定的网关为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入, 原
先的网关不再为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入。
WSN终端离开 WSN时, 主网关和该 WSN终端接入电信网络所使用 的网关可以清除网关中保存的该 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息,主网 关和该 WSN终端对应的网关在 WSN终端离开 WSN后, 不再为该 WSN 终端提供电信网络接入。
就本发明的系统而言, 一种 WSN的接入系统, 该系统主要包括以下内 容:
WSN由 WSN终端和网关设备组成, WSN终端和网关可以按照 WSN 的现有相关技术标准组建 WSN。 WSN通过网关连接到电信网络, 和电信 网络中 WSN的管理平台、 业务平台等建立通信。
网关负责连接 WSN和电信网络, 主要完成协议转换、地址映射和数据 转发等功能, 也可以集成安全和计费等功能。 网关可以支持的功能可以包 括: 支持 WSN内部数据协同和汇聚; 支持以移动通信、 有线接入、 宽带无 线接入、 卫星 /微波等远距离通信接入方式的一种或多种, 将汇聚的数据传 输到通信对端; 支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对网关的设备认证和用户 认证; 支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对网关的参数和软件配置; 支持用 户认证和业务安全、 设备管理安全机制。
业务平台是电信网络中运行和管理与 WSN相结合的业务的功能实体, 负责整合各个服务提供商提供的业务, 并将其提供给终端用户, 同时对用 户使用业务的情况进行管理。 业务平台会根据不同业务的需要, 协同电信 网络中其他功能实体完成整个业务流程, 例如认证、 授权及计费 (AAA, Authentication Authorization and Accounting, )月良务器。 业务平台还可能与远 程服务器连接, 直接对业务进行更新。
WSN的管理平台是对 WSN实施管理功能的实体, 由远程管理服务器 组成。 远程管理服务器通过电信网络对 WSN实施基本的管理功能。
WSN的业务客户端可以同 WSN的管理平台和业务平台连接, 可以执 行 WSN管理的有关业务数据的查询和录入等功能, 配合 WSN的管理平台 完成 WSN的管理; WSN的业务客户端可以通过连接线等方式与 WSN终 端和网关建立通信连接, 并配合 WSN的管理平台和业务平台, 将 WSN的 有关参数和 WSN业务的有关参数写入到 WSN终端和网关。 这里需要指出 的是: 上述系统架构中, 多个网关的架构以及业务客户端是本发明区别于 现有技术新增的, 而其他的部件, 比如管理平台是在现有基础上改进的。
综上所述, 通过本发明提供的方法及系统, 可以在一个 WSN中配置多 个网关, 由多个网关为 WSN中的 WSN终端提供电信网络接入, 从而提高 了 WSN的电信网络接入能力, 可以有效的解决因 WSN终端接入电信网络 时存在的无线传感器网络拥塞的问题。
以下对本发明进行举例阐述。
系统实施例:
WSN是由一组无线传感器节点设备, 比如 WSN终端以自组织方式组 成的无线网络。 WSN终端间以近距离无线通信技术进行通信。 WSN通常 部署在几米至几百米的区域范围内, 其中, WSN终端通常是由电池供电, 具有较低的功耗和成本。 近距离通信技术一般釆用 Zigbee和 IEEE 802.15.4 技术。
WSN与电信网络结合, 是指将 WSN与电信网络相连接, 利用电信网 络对 WSN及其提供的业务进行监控、 管理及完成业务的承载与合作实施, 并通过电信网络扩展 WSN 所提供的业务。 电信网络包括移动通信网络、 xDSL、 FTTx、 卫星通信等多种通信网络。
本实施例中, WSN同电信网络相结合时, WSN中的多个 WSN终端通 过多个网关接入电信网络的系统架构图如图 2所示, 图 2中的以交叉线填 充的部分表示多个 WSN终端, 点填充的部分表示多个 WSN终端所在的区
域。 以下对图 2的系统架构具体阐述。
图 2中, WSN由多个 WSN终端和多个网关组成, 多个 WSN终端和 多个网关可以按照 WSN的有关技术标准组建无线传感器网络,可用于组建 WSN的近距离通信技术包括 Zigbee技术、 IEEE 802.15.4标准等。 WSN通 过多个网关连接到电信网络, 和电信网络中 WSN的管理平台等建立通信。 其中, 多个网关包括一个主网关和多个从网关。
为了实现 WSN和电信网络的连接, WSN通过多个网关接入电信网络, 并经由电信网络与接入网、 核心网、 业务平台、 WSN 的管理平台相连。 WSN终端通过多个网关连接至电信网络。 WSN终端为构成 WSN的传感器 节点, 通过一跳或多跳与网关连接。 WSN终端负责釆集并上传数据, 以及 接收并执行命令。 组成 WSN的 WSN终端少则几个多则几百个, WSN终 端间可根据需要以星形、 树形或 mesh方式组网, 其中某些 WSN终端或具 有较强的组网和数据转发能力。
网关负责连接 WSN和电信网络, 主要完成协议转换、地址映射和数据 转发等功能, 也可以集成安全和计费等功能。 网关可以支持的功能可以包 括: 支持传感器网络内部数据协同和汇聚; 支持以 2G移动通信、 3G移动 通信、 xDSL、 FTTx、 宽带无线接入、 卫星 /微波等远距离通信接入方式的 一种或多种, 将汇聚的数据传输到通信对端; 支持业务平台和远程管理服 务器对网关的设备认证和用户认证; 支持业务平台和远程管理服务器对网 关的参数和软件配置; 支持用户认证和业务安全、 设备管理安全机制。
业务平台是电信网络中运行和管理与 WSN相结合的业务的功能实体, 负责整合各个服务提供商提供的业务, 并将其提供给终端用户, 同时对用 户使用业务的情况进行管理。 业务平台会根据不同业务的需要, 协同电信 网络中其他功能实体完成整个业务流程, 例如 AAA服务器。 业务平台还可 能与远程服务器连接, 直接对业务进行更新。
WSN的管理平台是对 WSN实施管理功能的实体, 由远程管理服务器 组成。 远程管理服务器通过电信网络对 WSN实施基本的管理功能。
WSN的业务客户端可以同 WSN的管理平台和业务平台连接, 可以执 行 WSN管理的有关业务数据的查询和录入等功能, 配合 WSN的管理平台 完成 WSN终端和网关的管理。 WSN的业务客户端可以配置有可以连接到 WSN终端和 WSN中网关的连接线, WSN的业务客户端通过连接线, 可以 与 WSN终端和 WSN中的网关建立连接。 除通过连接线建立通信连接外, WSN的业务客户端和 WSN终端、 网关之间也可以釆用其他的通信连接方 式。 WSN的业务客户端可以配合 WSN的管理平台和业务平台将 WSN的 有关参数和 WSN业务的有关参数写入到 WSN终端和网关。 至于管理, 是 通过 Zigbee技术组建 WSN和对 WSN进行管理。
方法实施例一:
主网关创建 WSN后,从网关可以作为无线传感器网络中的路由节点加 入到该 WSN, 在 WSN中可以有多个从网关。 从网关加入到 WSN的流程 包括以下步骤:
步骤 101、 从网关通过电信网络提供的通信连接在管理平台进行注册。 这里, 从网关在申请加入的 WSN区域安装后, 可以通过电信网络同管 理平台建立通信连接, 向管理平台发送注册请求。 管理平台可以通过从网 关的身份标识进行身份认证, 确定从网关身份的真实性。 在管理平台中预 先保存有从网关的信息, 该信息包括从网关的网络接入能力参数、 安装的 位置等。
步骤 102、 管理平台通知 WSN中的主网关, 有新的从网关申请加入到 该 WSN。
这里, 管理平台根据该从网关准备安装的位置确定从网关准备加入的 WSN, 然后通知该 WSN的主网关有新的从网关申请加入到该 WSN。 管理
平台可以同时将该从网关的信息发送给主网关, 该从网关的信息可以包括: 从网关在电信网络中的地址、 网络接入能力参数等。
步骤 103、 主网关将加入到该 WSN所需要的网络配置参数发送给从网 关。
这里, 主网关将从网关加入到该传感网需要的网络配置参数发送给管 理平台, 然后由管理平台将该网络配置参数、 和主网关在电信网络中的地 址发送给从网关。 这里的网络配置参数包括主网关在传感网中的地址、 初 始主密钥。
步骤 104、 从网关使用获得的传感网的网络配置参数加入到 WSN。 这里, 从网关从主网关获得 WSN的网络配置参数后, 在该 WSN的覆 盖区域内进行信道扫描, 然后向 WSN中的网关发送关联请求( Association Request )帧请求加入到该 WSN。 该从网关和主网关根据初始主密钥进行协 商, 确定网络密钥、 链接密钥和地址等。 从网关记录自己在该 WSN中的地 址和有关路由信息,主网关记录该从关在该 WSN中的的地址和从网关的信 息。
这里, 从网关力口入传感网后, 主网关和从网关之间可以通过该 WSN进 行通信和交换有关数据等。 主网关和从网关在电信网络中的地址可以釆用 IP地址, 由于主网关和从网关都保存有对方的在电信网络中的 IP地址, 双 方也可以通过电信网络进行通信。
在 Zigbee网络中, 为了使 WSN终端可以加入 WSN, WSN终端需要 先从 WSN的管理平台, 获得加入 WSN所需要的网络配置参数, 网络配置 参数包括要加入的 WSN 的初始主密钥和信任中心的地址, 即主网关的地 址。 WSN终端加入 WSN时, 主网关验证 WSN终端的初始主密钥的真实 性, 从而验证该 WSN终端的身份。 如果该 WSN终端的初始主密钥是正确 的, 则允许该 WSN终端加入 WSN, WSN终端和主网关之间可以基于初始
主密钥进行协商,确定加入该 WSN所需要的链接密钥、网络密钥和地址等, 从而实现 WSN终端成功的加入该 WSN。 不具备网络配置参数的 WSN终 端申请加入 WSN时,因不能提供初始主密钥或者初始主密钥不是正确的密 钥, 主网关则拒绝该 WSN终端加入该 WSN。
这里, WSN终端生产商在生产 WSN终端时, 并没有在 WSN终端中 写入 WSN的网络配置参数, 可以在 WSN终端在投入使用前由 WSN的业 务客户端, 在 WSN终端中写入要加入的 WSN的网络配置参数。 为了实现 WSN网络配置参数的安全, WSN终端生产商可以为每个或者一组 WSN终 端设置读写密钥, 通过读写密钥实现对外部实体的认证以读写的信息的安 全传输。 外部实体在读取和写入 WSN终端内的网络配置参数时, 必须具备 正确的读写密钥。 WSN终端生产商可以将 WSN终端的读写密钥, 提供给 WSN的管理平台并由 WSN的管理平台进行安全保存。
下面描述釆用 Zigbee技术组建的传感网中 WSN终端加入 WSN的过 程。 这里需要指出的是: WSN的管理平台可以通过两种方式获得 WSN的 网络配置参数。 第一种方式为: WSN的管理平台向 WSN中的主网关发送 获取传感网网络配置参数请求, 主网关提供 WSN终端加入该 WSN所需要 的网络配置参数。 第二种方式为: WSN创建后, WSN将加入该 WSN所需 要的网络配置参数, 提供给 WSN的管理平台, 并在 WSN的管理平台进行 保存。
方法实施例二:
如图 2所示, 釆用以上第一种方式, 获取加入 WSN所需要的的网络配 置参数时的 WSN终端加入传感网的流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 201、 WSN的业务客户端向 WSN的管理平台, 提交 WSN终端的 信息。
这里, WSN终端的信息可以包括: WSN终端的标识号、 WSN终端准
备使用的位置等。
这里, 在本步骤中, 通过 WSN的业务客户端, 可以向 WSN的管理平 台输入 WSN终端的有关信息包括该 WSN终端的标识号、 WSN终端的类 型和准备使用的位置, 在 WSN终端使用的位置输入界面上, 只允许输入存 在 WSN的管理平台所管理的 WSN的位置, 不能输入不存在的 WSN的位 置信息。
步骤 202、 WSN的管理平台根据 WSN终端准备使用的位置信息, 获 取 WSN终端准备使用的位置的 WSN的信息。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN的管理平台根据该传感网终端的使用位置信 息在平台保存的传感网的信息中进行查询, 获取到该位置的传感网的信息, 包括传感网的标识号、 主网关的地址等。
步骤 203、 WSN的管理平台和该位置的 WSN的主网关建立通信, 请 求获得 WSN终端加入该 WSN所需要的 WSN的网络配置参数。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN的管理平台向 WSN的主网关发送获取 WSN 的网络配置参数的请求消息,在该消息中 WSN的管理平台可以将准备加入 该 WSN的 WSN终端的信息发送给主网关, WSN终端的信息可以包括 WSN 终端的标识号、 WSN终端类型等。
步骤 204、 WSN的主网关准备 WSN终端加入该 WSN的网络配置参数, 并发送给 WSN的管理平台。
这里, 在本步骤中, 主网关可以将接收到的终端信息进行保存并将该 WSN终端加入到待加入 WSN终端列表, 主网关为该 WSN终端准备加入 到 WSN的网络配置参数,然后将该网络配置参数发送给 WSN的管理平台。 主网关为 WSN终端准备网络配置参数时,可以为该传感网终端设置一个初 始主密钥,然后将初始主密钥和主网关地址作为作为加入该 WSN的网络配 置参数发送给 WSN的管理平台。
步骤 205、 WSN的管理平台将加入该 WSN的网络配置参数通过 WSN 的业务客户端写入到 WSN终端。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN的管理平台通过 WSN的业务客户端同 WSN 终端建立通信, 并通过读写密钥进行身份验证; 身份验证通过后, 将网络 配置参数写入到 WSN终端; WSN终端可以釆用加密的方式安全保存网络 配置参数。
步骤 206、 WSN终端使用 WSN的网络配置参数申请加入到 WSN, 主 网关对 WSN终端进行验证, 如果验证通过, 则执行步骤 207; 如果验证失 败, 则执行步骤 208。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN终端被放置在准备加入的 WSN所覆盖的区 域。 WSN终端开机启动后, WSN终端可以先在设定的信道上进行网络扫 描,确定要加入的 WSN。网络扫描可以通过在信道上发送信标请求(Beacon Request ) 帧, 在这个信道上的 WSN中的设备收到 Beacon Request后, 如 果允许有新的 WSN终端加入该传感网络, 将会回应 Beacon帧, 该 Beacon 帧包含了发送该帧的 WSN终端的地址信息, 以及是否允许其他 WSN终端 以其子节点的方式加入。 WSN终端将收到的 Beacon帧的信息保存在自己 的关联表中。
这里, WSN 终端在关联表中选择合适的父节点, 并向父节点发送 Association Request帧请求加入 WSN。 处于 WSN的父节点的 WSN终端收 到加入 WSN 的请求后, 通知 WSN 的主网关有新的 WSN终端请求加入 WSN。
这里, WSN的主网关对 WSN终端进行险证,险证方法可以按照 Zigbee 规范中节点设备加入到网络的方法,主网关判断 WSN终端中的初始主密钥 的真实性。如果 WSN终端验证通过,则执行步骤 207中的操作;如果 WSN 终端验证失败, 则进行步骤 208中的操作。
步骤 207、 WSN终端验证通过后, 和主网关进行通信协商确定链接密 钥和网络密钥, 主网关在节点管理表中添加该 WSN终端的信息, WSN终 端的父节点设备在自己的相邻表中保存该传感网终端的信息, WSN终端在 自己的相邻表中保存父节点和主网关的信息。 至此, WSN终端成功加入传 感网。 之后执行步骤 209。
步骤 208、 WSN终端认证不通过,主网关拒绝该 WSN终端加入 WSN。 之后结束当前 WSN终端加入传感网的流程。
步骤 209、 主网关指定该 WSN终端接入电信网络所使用的网关。
这里,主网关可以将该 WSN终端的信息和通信连接配置信息发送给指 定的网关, 主网关将指定的网关的信息和所述通信连接配置信息发送给该 WSN终端。
这里, 所述通信连接配置信息是该指定的网关和该传感网终端之间建 立通信连接所需要的链接密钥 ,该指定的网关和该 WSN终端之间通过该链 接密钥建立安全的通信连接。
步骤 210、 WSN的主网关通知 WSN的管理平台该 WSN终端已经加入 到该 WSN。 之后结束当前 WSN终端加入传感网的流程。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN的管理平台可以记录 WSN终端的有关信息, 并将 WSN终端的信息发送给业务平台, 业务平台配置和 WSN终端的有关 数据, 启用 WSN终端所支持的业务。
这里, 在本步骤中, WSN的管理平台可以记录 WSN终端的有关信息, 并将 WSN终端的信息发送给业务平台, 业务平台配置和 WSN终端的有关 数据, 启用 WSN终端所支持的业务。
可见: 通过上述过程, WSN 终端中写入网络配置参数并加入指定的 WSN,并且 WSN的主网关指定了该 WSN终端接入电信网络所使用的网关, 使该 WSN终端能够通过网关向业务平台上报数据。
这里需要指出的是:为了记录 WSN中的终端接入电信网络所使用的网 关等信息, 主网关保存有 WSN中的 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息, 通过该电信网络接入配置信息记录传感网终端接入电信网络时所使用的网 关。 该配置信息可以在主网关中通过一个专用文件进行保存。
从网关可以记录通过该网关接入电信网络的 WSN 终端的电信网络接 入配置信息。 该信息可以包括 WSN终端的地址、 WSN终端和该网关之间 通信连接的配置参数等。 该配置信息可以在从网关中通过一个专用文件进 行保存。
WSN终端加入到 WSN后, 可能存在需要变更 WSN终端接入电信网 络所使用的网关的情况,例如主网关可以为一个 WSN终端选择另外一个距 离该 WSN终端更近的从网关 , 从而减少该 WSN终端和从网关间的路由路 径, 达到减少 WSN内的通信复杂度和节能的效果。 这时可以由主网关指定 为 WSN终端提供电信网络接入的新网关, 主网关可以将该 WSN终端的信 息和通信连接配置信息发送给新指定的网关, 并将网关变更消息, 通知原 来为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入的网关。新指定的网关在该网关中添加 该 WSN终端的配置信息, 原来的网关删除该网关中保存的该 WSN终端的 电信网络接入配置信息。 新指定的网关为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入, 原先的网关不再为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入。
加入 WSN的终端在离开传感网时,主网关和该传感网终端接入电信网 络所使用的网关,可以清除网关中保存的该 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置 信息, 主网关和该 WSN终端对应的网关, 在 WSN终端离开 WSN后不再 为该 WSN终端提供电信网络接入。
这里, 对以上涉及到的 "通过 Zigbee技术组建 WSN和对 WSN进行管 理" 说明如下:
ZigBee是一种新兴的短距离、 低速率、 低成本、 低功耗的无线网络技
术。 它釆用直接序列扩频 (DSSS )技术, 工作频率为 868MHz、 915MHz 或 2.4GHz,都是无须申请执照的频率。基于 ZigBee技术配置无线个域网络 是近年来近距离无线通信技术的一种新发展, 在工业自动化领域以及智能 家居领域获得了越来越广泛的应用。
ZigBee网络中有 3种类型的节点: ZigBee协调点、 ZigBee路由节点和
ZigBee终端节点。
就 ZigBee协调点而言, ZigBee协调点在 IEEE 802.15.4中也称为个域 网 (PAN, Personal Area Network )协调点 (ZC , ZigBee Coordinator ), 在 WSN 中可以作为汇聚节点。 ZigBee 协调点必须是全功能设备 (FFD , Full-Function Device ), 一个 ZigBee网络只有一个 ZigBee协调点, 它往往 比网络中其他节点的功能更强大, 是整个网络的主控节点。 它负责发起建 立新的网络、 设定网络参数、 管理网络中的节点以及存储网络中节点信息 等,网络形成后也可以执行路由器的功能。 ZigBee协调点是 3种类型 ZigBee 节点最为复杂的一种, 一般由交流电源持续供电。
就 ZigBee路由节点而言, ZigBee路由节点 ( ZR , ZigBee Router )也必 须是全功能设备。 ZigBee路由节点可以参与路由发现、 消息转发, 通过连 接别的节点来扩展网络的覆盖范围等。 此外, ZigBee路由节点还可以在它 的个人操作空间( POS , Personal Operating Space )中充当普通协调点, IEEE 802.15.4称为协调点。 普通协调点与 ZigBee协调点不同, 它仍然受 ZigBee 协调点的控制。
就 ZigBee终端节点而言, ZigBee终端节点 (ZE, ZigBee EndDevice ) 可以是全功能设备或者精简功能设备(RFD , Reduced-Function Device ), 它通过 ZigBee协凋点或者 ZigBee路由节点连接到网络,但不允许其他任何 节点通过它加入网络, ZigBee终端节点能够以非常低的功率运行。
本发明中, 主网关作为 Zigbee网络中的 Zigbee协调点, 负责 WSN的
组建。 WSN终端可以作为 Zigbee路由节点、或者 Zigbee终端节点加入 WSN , 从网关作为 Zigbee路由节点加入 WSN。 网关和 WSN终端需要支持 Zigbee 通信技术。
另外, 为了实现 Zigbee网络的安全, 需要对 WSN中的通信进行加密, Zigbee 网络中的加密运算, 釆用先进加密标准算法 ( AES , Advanced Encryption Standard ), 釆用的对称密钥长度为 128位。 Zigbee网络中使用的 密钥主要包括: 主密钥、 链接密钥和网络密钥。 以下分别阐述。
主密钥: 该密钥是执行对称钥密钥建立协议过程中使用的一个共享密 钥。 主密钥是两个设备之间长期安全的基础, 并可用于生成链接密钥。
链接密钥: 在一个 PAN网中, 是两个设备之间共享的密钥, 用于两个 设备之间的安全通信。
网络密钥: 该密钥为一个 PAN网络中共享的密钥, 用于广播通信的安 全。
为实现 Zigbee网络的安全和密钥的管理等, Zigbee网络中存在信任中 心。 信任中心是在网络中分配安全钥匙的一种令人信任的设备,它允许设备 加入网络,并分配密钥,因而确保设备之间端到端的安全性。 在釆用安全机制 的网络中,网络协调者可成为信任中心。 信任中心提供以下三种功能:
( 1 )信任管理: 任务是负责对加入网络的设备验证。
( 2 ) 网络管理: 任务是负责获取和分配网络钥匙给设备。
( 3 )配置管理: 任务是对其管理的设备绑定应用程序, 在两设备之间 实现端到端的安全传输。
为了实现信任管理, 设备需要从信任中心接收初始主密钥。
为了实现网络管理的目的, 设备应接收初始的网络密钥, 并且只能从 信任中心获得网络密钥的更新。
为了实现网络配置, 设备需要从信任中心接收主密钥或链路密钥, 以
建立两个设备间的端对端安全链路。
除了初始的主密钥, 附加的链路密钥、 主密钥、 网络密钥只能够釆用 安全的方式从信任中心获得。 信任中心应当根据某一策略周期性地更新网 络密钥, 并将新的网络密钥传送给每个设备。
本发明中, 由主网关作为信任中心进行网络的安全管理。
本发明中, 网关和电信网中的传感网管理平台和其他网络单元实体之 间可以通过网关的身份标识实现对网关的身份认证和安全通信。
本发明中, 通过 WSN的网络标识识别某个 WSN。 主网关创建 WSN 后, 可以由主网关或者由传感网管理平台确定该传感网的网络标识, 传感 网管理平台中记录传感网的包括网络标识和网络位置的有关信息。 由此, 传感网管理平台可以根据一个给定的位置判断该位置是否存在由该传感网 管理平台管理的无线传感器网络,如果存在 WSN可以获得在该位置的 WSN 的标识, 从而确定在该位置的 WSN。
这里, 对以上涉及文字的中英文注释进行说明: WSN可以用 Wireless Sensor Network表示,缩写为 WSN;无线个域网可以用 Wireless Personal Area Network表示,缩写为 WPAN;媒体访问控制层可以用 Media Access Control 表示,缩写为 MAC;关联表可以用 neighbor table表示;主密钥可以用 Master key表示; 链接密钥可以用 Link key表示; 网络密钥可以用 Network key表 示。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围。
Claims
1、 一种无线传感器网络的接入方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括: 在一 个无线传感器网络( WSN )中配置多个网关; 所述 WSN中的 WSN终端通 过所述多个网关接入电信网络。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述多个网关中, 一个 网关为主网关, 其余的网关为从网关;
所述多个网关中, 由所述主网关进行网关的调度分配, 并为所述 WSN 终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关;
所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络时, 该方法还包括: 所述 WSN终端 通过主网关所分配的网关接入到所述电信网络; 其中, 所述主网关所分配 的网关包括: 主网关自身、 或任意一个从网关。
3、 根据权利要求 2 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 从网关申请加入所述 WSN时, 该方法还包括:
管理平台通知所述 WSN 中的主网关, 有新的从网关申请加入所述 WSN; 所述主网关将所述从网关加入所述 WSN所需要的网络配置参数通 过所述管理平台发送给所述从网关; 所述从网关根据接收到的所述网络配 置参数加入到所述 WSN。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 从网关加入到 WSN后, 该方法还包括: 所述主网关记录所述从网关的信息;
所述从网关的信息包括: 所述从网关在所述 WSN中的地址、 所述从网 关在所述电信网络中的地址、 和所述从网关能够提供的电信网络接入能力; 釆用同一个地址时, 所述主网关只需要记录一个地址。
5、 根据权利要求 2至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法还包 括: 在所述主网关保存 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息, 主网关通过所 述电信网络接入配置信息 ,记录 WSN终端接入所述电信网络时所使用的网 关。
6、 根据权利要求 2至 4任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当所述主网 关所分配的网关为从网关时, 该方法还包括: 所述从网关记录通过所述从 网关接入电信网络的 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息;从网关通过所述 WSN终端的电信网络接入配置信息, 记录通过所述从网关接入电信网络的 WSN终端的标识信息、 和所述 WSN终端与所述从网关之间的通信连接配 置信息。
7、根据权利要求 2所述的方法,其特征在于, WSN终端申请加入 WSN 时, 该方法还包括:
主网关为所述 WSN终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关; 主网关将 WSN终端的信息、和所述通信连接配置信息发送给主网关所 分配的网关;
主网关将所分配的网关的信息、 和所述通信连接配置信息发送给所述 WSN终端。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 WSN终端的信息, 由所述 WSN的业务客户端向管理平台提交时, 该方法还包括:
所述管理平台根据所述 WSN终端的信息, 确定 WSN终端准备使用的 位置的 WSN;
管理平台向所确定的 WSN 中的主网关发送获取所述网络配置参数的 请求; 所述主网关将所述网络配置参数反馈给管理平台, 并通过所述业务 客户端发送到所述 WSN终端;
所述 WSN终端通过所述网络配置参数加入到所述 WSN。
9、 根据权利要求 7至 8任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述 WSN 终端加入到 WSN后, 该方法还包括: 主网关能变更 WSN终端接入电信网络所使用的网关;
WSN终端离开 WSN时, 主网关和所述 WSN终端接入电信网络所使 用的网关,能清除主网关和所使用的网关中保存的所述 WSN终端的电信网 络接入配置信息。
10、 一种无线传感器网络的接入系统, 该系统包括 WSN、 WSN 中的 WSN终端和电信网络, 其特征在于, 该系统还包括: 在一个 WSN中所配 置的多个网关;
其中, 所述多个网关, 用于作为所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络的传 输媒介, 将所述 WSN中的所述 WSN终端接入所述电信网络。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述多个网关中, 一 个网关为主网关, 其余的网关为从网关;
所述主网关, 用于在所述多个网关中进行网关的调度分配, 并为所述 WSN终端分配接入所述电信网络时所使用的网关;
其中, 主网关所分配的网关包括: 主网关自身、 或任意一个从网关。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述主网关, 进一步 用于在从网关申请加入所述 WSN的情况下 ,从管理平台获知有新的从网关 申请加入所述 WSN, 主网关将所述从网关加入所述 WSN所需要的网络配 置参数, 通过所述管理平台发送给所述从网关;
所述从网关, 用于根据接收到的所述网络配置参数加入到所述 WSN。
13、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统, 其特征在于, 所述主网关, 进一步 用于在 WSN终端申请加入 WSN的情况下, 为所述 WSN终端分配接入所 述电信网络时所使用的网关; 主网关将 WSN终端的信息、通信连接配置信 息发送给主网关所分配的网关; 主网关将所分配的网关的信息、 和通信连 接配置信息发送给所述 WSN终端。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的系统, 其特征在于, 该系统还包括: 所述 WSN的业务客户端, 用于将所述 WSN终端的信息提交给管理平台; 在主 网关将所述网络配置参数反馈给管理平台后, 所述业务客户端从管理平台 获知所述网络配置参数并发送到所述 WSN终端;
所述 WSN终端,进一步用于通过接收到的所述网络配置参数加入到所 述 WSN;
所述主网关, 进一步用于在管理平台根据所述 WSN终端的信息, 确定 WSN终端准备使用的位置的 WSN后, 作为所确定的 WSN中的主网关, 收到来自管理平台的获取所述网络配置参数的请求, 将所述网络配置参数 反馈给管理平台。
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