WO2011104847A1 - 通信装置およびアドレス学習方法 - Google Patents
通信装置およびアドレス学習方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011104847A1 WO2011104847A1 PCT/JP2010/052978 JP2010052978W WO2011104847A1 WO 2011104847 A1 WO2011104847 A1 WO 2011104847A1 JP 2010052978 W JP2010052978 W JP 2010052978W WO 2011104847 A1 WO2011104847 A1 WO 2011104847A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/42—Loop networks
- H04L12/437—Ring fault isolation or reconfiguration
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- the present invention relates to a communication device that relays a received frame in a network and an address learning method.
- MAC address learning In a bridge device or a switch device (hereinafter referred to as an L2 switch) that is a relay device for an Ethernet (registered trademark) frame (hereinafter simply referred to as “frame”), the transmission source MAC address of the received frame, the received port, and It has a database called FDB (Filtering Database) that stores entries consisting of other information. The FDB adds entries each time a new frame is received. This operation is called MAC address learning (or address learning).
- FDB Frtering Database
- the FDB is used when relaying received frames. Specifically, the L2 switch that has received the frame searches the FDB using the destination MAC address of the received frame as a search key. If it is a learned MAC address, a port (output port) corresponding to the MAC address used as a search key is obtained. If the received frame is transferred to this port, the other L2 switches of the transfer destination perform the same operation, so that the received frame is finally sent to the target Ethernet (registered trademark) node (hereinafter simply referred to as “node”). To reach. On the other hand, a received frame having a destination MAC address that has no entry in the FDB cannot obtain output port information even after searching the FDB (it does not know which port should be forwarded). The received frame is broadcast to all ports other than the received port. This operation is called flooding. Such a frame relay operation is described in Non-Patent Document 1.
- MAC Media Access Control
- the frame relay route changes when a failure occurs anywhere in the network. Therefore, all the entries in the FDB that each L2 switch has are invalidated, and the changed relay route is used again. It was necessary to perform address learning and reconstruct the FDB. This invalidation of all FDB entries is also called an FDB flash.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a communication device that can quickly resume address learning for reconstructing an FDB after a failure is detected in a network.
- the present invention is a communication device that operates as a node of a network, and each time a failure occurrence in the network is detected, status information indicating the status of the network is provided.
- Output destination determining means for determining.
- the communication apparatus has an effect that the time required from when a failure occurs to the start of FDB reconstruction can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ring node.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an internal configuration of the port state management unit.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the output port search processing unit.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an FDB update procedure in the ring node according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of information registered in the FDB.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a failure that occurs in the ring network.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a frame transfer procedure by the ring node according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the FDB learning operation after a failure occurs.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of the FDB learning operation after a failure occurs.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an FDB managed by the ring node according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of information managed by the port state management unit included in the ring node according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an FDB update procedure in the ring node according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a frame transfer procedure by the ring node according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a communication system including a ring network configured by a ring node device (hereinafter referred to as “ring node”) corresponding to the communication device of the present embodiment.
- This communication system includes a ring network 1 configured by a plurality of ring nodes (ring nodes 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, and 600) according to the present embodiment, and a plurality of nodes connected to the ring network 1 ( Nodes 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60).
- the input / output ports of each ring node are also shown, and the input / output ports of the ring node 300 are ports 301 to 303.
- the port 301 accommodates the link connected to the ring node 200
- the port 302 accommodates the link connected to the ring node 400
- the port 303 accommodates the link connected to the node 30.
- the ring network 1 is configured in accordance with a technique defined in the document “ITU-T recommendation G.8032 / Y.1344, Ethernet Ring Protection Switching” (hereinafter referred to as “ERP”).
- Each constituting ring node is an L2 switch in which a function conforming to this ERP is implemented.
- the EPR also defines a network failure switching method. According to this rule, when a failure switching of a network relay route occurs, an FDB flush is required.
- the link connecting the ring nodes 100 and 600 is set to Ring Protection Link, and the ring node 600 is set to a node called RPL (Ring Protection Link) Owner.
- RPL Ring Protection Link
- the ring node 600 prevents a frame from looping on the ring network 1 by blocking the port that accommodates the Ring Protection Link.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a ring node included in the ring network 1.
- a configuration example of the ring node 300 is shown as an example, but the configuration of each ring node included in the ring network 1 is the same. Note that, as described above, in the ring node 600 set in the RPL Owner, the port that accommodates the Ring Protection Link is blocked.
- the ring node 300 includes a plurality of ports 301, 302, 303,..., The same number of input / output processing units 310, a switching processing unit 320, and a ring management processing unit. 330, a port state management unit 340, and an output port search processing unit 350.
- Each port is given a different reference to distinguish the link to be connected (see FIG. 1), but they have the same function. That is, FIG. 2 shows only the internal configuration of the port 301 and the input / output processing unit 310 connected thereto, but the other ports 302, 303,... And the input / output processing unit 310 connected thereto are also shown. Has the same internal configuration.
- Each port includes an input port and an output port.
- the port 301 includes an input port 301-1 and an output port 301-2.
- Each of these ports notifies the port state management unit 340 when detecting a failure of the link to be connected or the own port (ports 301, 302,).
- the port 301 accommodates a link connected to the ring node 200
- the port 302 accommodates a link connected to the ring node 400
- the port 303 accommodates a link connected to the node 30 (FIG. 1). reference).
- Each input / output processing unit 310 includes an input frame processing unit 311 and an output frame processing unit 312, and performs multiplexing / separation of frames.
- the input frame processing unit 311 of the input / output processing unit 310 analyzes the received frame and transfers it to the ring management processing unit 330 if the received frame is a ring management frame based on ERP.
- the ring management processing unit 330 if the received frame is a ring management frame based on ERP.
- a link management frame with an adjacent ring node described in “ITU-T recommendation Y.1731, OAM Functions and Mechanisms for Ethernet based Networks” hereinafter referred to as “Ethernet OAM function”
- port status management is performed.
- the data is transferred to the unit 340.
- the port that received the frame is also notified.
- the destination port MAC address of the received frame is notified to the output port search processing unit 350 to request an output port search.
- the output port is notified from the output port search processing unit 350, the output port is notified to the switching processing unit 320, and the received frame is handed over to request the frame transfer.
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the port that received the frame and the transmission source MAC address of the received frame, and requests the FDB to be updated.
- the output frame processing unit 312 of the input / output processing unit 310 includes a frame transferred from another input / output processing unit 310 via the switching processing unit 320, a frame received from the ring management processing unit 330, and a port state management unit 340. Is multiplexed with the frame received from the port 301 and transferred to the port 301 (output port unit).
- the ring management processing unit 330 is a processing unit that performs ring management based on ERP, and instructs the port state management unit 340 to perform an operation to be performed when a ring management frame is transmitted and received and when a failure occurs / cancels.
- a failure notification frame for notifying the content of the failure is generated as a ring management frame.
- the port state management unit 340 is instructed to execute FDB flush.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an internal configuration of the port state management unit 340. As illustrated, the port state management unit 340 manages the port state table 341 and the failure state number 342.
- the port status table 341 stores the status of all ports of the ring node 300.
- the failure state number 342 is information for managing the state (failure occurrence state) of the ring network 1.
- the port state management unit 340 updates the state of the corresponding port in the port state table 341 (records the failure occurrence).
- the failure state number 342 is updated, and the ring management processing unit 330 is notified of the failure and the port where the failure has occurred.
- the port state management unit 340 monitors the link state with the adjacent ring node based on the above EthernetOAM function, and when a link failure is detected, as in the case where the port failure is notified, The ring management processor 330 is notified of the occurrence of the failure and the port connected to the failure occurrence link (the link where the failure has occurred).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the output port search processing unit 350.
- the output port search processing unit 350 includes an FDB control unit 351 and an FDB 352.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 to obtain an output port and notifies the input frame processing unit 311 of it. If there is no corresponding FDB entry in the FDB 352, the input frame processing unit 311 is instructed to perform flooding.
- entry addition / update processing of the FDB 352 is performed based on the MAC frame notified at the time of the update request.
- the FDB control unit 351 operates as a database update unit and an output destination determination unit.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the FDB update procedure in the ring node according to the present embodiment.
- Step S1 when a frame (general frame) transmitted from the node 50 connected to the ring node 500 and transferred by the ring node 500 is received at the port 302, the received frame is passed to the input frame processing unit 311 connected to the port 302. (Step S1).
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the MAC address of the node 50 that is the transmission source MAC address of the received frame and the port 302 that has received this frame, and requests an update of the FDB.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches for the notified MAC address and the failure state number 0 stored in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340.
- FDB 352 is searched as to whether or not there is an entry in FDB (step S2, step S3).
- the FDB control unit 351 determines that there is no FDB entry (step S3: No), and the information notified in the FDB update request and the current The FDB 352 is updated based on the failure state number.
- the FDB control unit 351 uses the MAC address of the node 50 notified by the FDB update request and the current failure state number 0 as a search key, and outputs information (output port) corresponding to this search key. ) Is newly registered in the FDB 352 with the port 302 notified in the FDB update request (step S4).
- the received frame is passed to the input frame processing unit 311 connected to the port 302 (Ste S1).
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the MAC address of the node 50 that is the transmission source MAC address of the received frame and the port 302 that has received this frame, and requests an update of the FDB.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches for the notified MAC address and the failure state number 0 stored in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340.
- FDB 352 is searched as to whether or not there is an entry in FDB (step S2, step S3).
- step S3: Yes since there is an entry in the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 and the failure state number 0 as a search key (step S3: Yes), the FDB control unit 351 is registered in the searched entry. It is confirmed whether the output port matches the port 302 notified in the FDB update request (step S5). As a result of the confirmation, they do not match (step S5: No), so the output port of the entry searched in step S2 is overwritten and registered as the port 302 notified by the FDB update request (step S6). Incidentally, if the output port registered in the searched entry matches the port notified in the FDB update request (step S5: Yes), the process ends without updating the FDB 352.
- each ring node when a failure occurs in the ring network 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described.
- the operation of the ring node 300 when a failure occurs in the link between the ring nodes 400 and 500 will be described. It is assumed that 0 is stored as the failure state number in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340 when a failure occurs.
- the ring node 400 When the ring node 400 detects a failure of the link connected to the ring node 500, the ring node 400 transmits a failure notification frame that is a ring management frame for notifying the link connected to the ring node 300 that the failure has been detected. Send. Similarly, when the ring node 500 detects a failure, the ring node 500 transmits a failure notification frame to the link connected to the ring node 600.
- the ring nodes 400 and 500 block the port that accommodates the link in which the failure is detected, and when the ring node 600 receives the failure notification frame, the port that accommodates the link with the ring node 100 is received. Is released (see FIG. 7).
- the input / output processing unit 310 and the switching processing unit 320 transfer the failure notification frame to the link connected to the ring node 200.
- the failure notification frame is transferred from the input / output processing unit 310 to the ring management processing unit 330.
- the ring management processing unit 330 When the ring management processing unit 330 receives the transferred failure notification frame, the ring management processing unit 330 confirms the contents thereof, and an FDB entry whose output port is the port 302 that is a port accommodating the link through which the failure notification frame is transmitted. Is determined to be invalidated. Then, it instructs the port state management unit 340 and the output port search processing unit 350 to execute FDB flush.
- the port state management unit 340 that has received the FDB flush execution instruction updates the failure state number 342.
- the failure state number 342 is updated from 0 to 1.
- the FDB control 351 sets the next free entry that the FDB 352 learns at the head of the FDB 352. Generally, all entries in the FDB are invalidated here, but the ring node according to the present embodiment does not perform the process of invalidating all entries in the FDB.
- the purpose of invalidating the FDB entry is to forget the frame transfer destination before the failure in order to prevent the frame from reaching the desired destination by relaying to the frame transfer destination learned before the failure. It is. However, as described above, the ring node according to the present embodiment does not invalidate all the entries in the FDB immediately after receiving the notification of the occurrence of the failure. The reason why the FDB entry invalidation is unnecessary in the ring node according to the present embodiment will be described below with a specific example.
- FIG. 8 shows the operation when the received frame addressed to the node 50 is received, specifically, the operation of searching for the output port of the frame and the operation of transmitting the frame according to the search result performed when the frame is received. This will be described with reference to the flowchart shown.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a frame transfer procedure performed after receiving the failure occurrence notification.
- the FDB control unit 351 of the output port search processing unit 350 since the FDB control unit 351 of the output port search processing unit 350 does not change the entry registered in the FDB 352 at the time of receiving the failure occurrence notification, the FDB 352 immediately after receiving the failure occurrence notification is In this state, the FDB control 351 is in a state in which the empty entry that the FDB 352 learns next is set at the head of the FDB 352. It is assumed that 1 is stored as the failure state number in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340 (updated from 0 to 1 with the failure notification).
- the ring node 300 when the ring node 300 receives a frame in which the MAC address of the node 50 connected to the ring node 500 is set as the destination MAC address at the port 301 (step S11), the ring node 300 stores the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key.
- the input / output processing unit 310 makes a request (output port search request) to the output port search processing unit 350 so as to search.
- the FDB control unit 351 sends the MAC address of the node 50 notified at the time of request and the value of the failure state number stored in the failure state number 342 (this The FDB 352 is searched using “search case 1” as a search key to check whether an entry corresponding to the request content exists (steps S12 and S13). At this time, in the FDB 352, the MAC address of the node 50 is learned by the pair with the failure state number value 0, but is not learned by the pair with the failure state number 1. Therefore, the FDB control unit 351 It is determined that there is none (step S13: No), and the fact is notified to the input / output processing unit 310.
- the input / output processing unit 310 that has received notification that there is no corresponding entry copies the received frame and transfers (floods) the received frame to a port (ports 302, 303,...) Other than the port 301 that received the frame. 320, the switching processing unit 320 floods the frame received at the port 301 in accordance with the request content (step S14).
- the FDB control unit 351 finds an entry corresponding to the request content (step S13: Yes)
- the input port registered in the found entry is notified to the input / output processing unit 310, and the input / output processing unit 310 is notified.
- the switching processing unit 320 transfers the received frame to the notified output port (step S15).
- the communication apparatus (ring node apparatus) according to the present embodiment can significantly reduce the processing time as compared with the process of invalidating all the FDB entries that has been conventionally performed. .
- the time required for the process increases as the number of entries that need to be invalidated increases.
- the above method applied in the communication apparatus of the present embodiment increases the number of entries.
- the processing time does not increase.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams illustrating an example of the FDB learning operation after the occurrence of a failure.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of the FDB 352 in which a new entry is learned after a failure occurs.
- the entry related to the node 30 is registered in the head entry (entry number 1).
- the entry of the node 30 whose failure state number is the previous one (0) remains in the entry number 3.
- this entry is overwritten.
- the FDB 352 is updated to the state shown in FIG. 10, for example.
- the failure notification is sent.
- the operation of setting the head of the empty entry as the head of the FDB is not essential.
- the head of the empty entry is set to the head of the FDB, and the number of entries registered in the FDB (the number of entries to be searched) is prevented from increasing more than necessary. Is desirable.
- the ring node updates the management number (failure state number) indicating the network state at the time when the FDB learning is performed every time the notification of the occurrence of the failure in the ring network is received.
- the management number flag state number
- the failure state number when the address learning is performed with the reception of the general frame and the FDB is updated (when a new entry is registered in the FDB or the registered entry is changed), the failure state number at that time, The transmission source MAC address of the received frame is registered in the entry as a search key.
- the output port search when the MAC address and failure status number match, the output port (transfer destination) of the received frame is specified, and the frame is transferred to the output port learned before the failure occurred. Therefore, when a failure occurs, the processing for invalidating all the entries of the FDB, which was necessary in the past, becomes unnecessary. As a result, the time required from when a failure occurs in the ring network to when address learning is restarted is shortened.
- Embodiment 2 the ring node that invalidates all the entries registered in the FDB upon receiving the notification of the occurrence of the failure has been described. However, in this embodiment, only the FDB entry having a specific output port is described. A ring node to be invalidated will be described.
- the configuration of the communication system is the same as that of the first embodiment (see FIG. 1).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an FDB managed by the ring node according to the present embodiment.
- the failure state number is the same as the failure state number shown in the first embodiment.
- an operation example of the ring node 300 will be described as in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of information managed by the port state management unit included in the ring node 300 according to the present embodiment.
- the port state management unit 340a of the ring node 300 adds to the port state table 341 and the failure state number 342 managed by the port state management unit 340 (see FIG. 3) described in the first embodiment.
- FDB flush factor port number 343 is managed.
- the FDB flush factor port number 343 is the number of the port that received the failure notification frame.
- the ring node 300 according to the present embodiment is the same as the ring node described in the first embodiment except for the port state management unit 340a.
- the port state management unit 340a When receiving the FDB flush execution instruction from the ring management processing unit 330, the port state management unit 340a updates the value of the failure state number 342, and also notifies the port number notified when the FDB flush execution instruction is received ( FDB flush factor port number) is stored in FDB flush factor port number 343.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the FDB update procedure in the ring node according to the present embodiment.
- Step S21 when a frame (general frame) transmitted from the node 50 connected to the ring node 500 and transferred by the ring node 500 is received at the port 302, the received frame is passed to the input frame processing unit 311 connected to the port 302. (Step S21).
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the MAC address of the node 50 that is the transmission source MAC address of the received frame and the port 302 that has received this frame, and requests an update of the FDB.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the notified MAC address as a search key to check whether there is an entry in the FDB (step S22, step S22). S23).
- the FDB control unit 351 determines that there is no FDB entry (step S23: No), and the information notified in the FDB update request and the current The FDB 352 is updated based on the failure state number. Specifically, the FDB control unit 351 uses the MAC address of the node 50 notified in the FDB update request as a search key, and also outputs the output information (failure state number and output port) corresponding to this search key. The FDB entry for the failure status number 0 and the port 302 notified by the FDB update request is newly registered in the FDB 352 (step S24).
- the received frame is passed to the input frame processing unit 311 connected to the port 302 (Ste S21).
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the MAC address of the node 50 that is the transmission source MAC address of the received frame and the port 302 that has received this frame, and requests an update of the FDB.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the notified MAC address as a search key to check whether there is an entry in the FDB (step S22, step S22). S23).
- the FDB control unit 351 since there is an entry in the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key (step S23: Yes), the FDB control unit 351 includes the output port registered in the searched entry and the above-described entry. It is confirmed whether or not the port 302 notified in the FDB update request matches (step S25). As a result of the confirmation, they do not match (step S25: No), so that the output port and the failure state number of the entry searched in step S22 are the port 302 notified by the FDB update request and the current failure state number 0, respectively. The entry is overwritten and registered (step S26).
- the output port of the MAC address of the node 50 is the port 302, which corresponds to this
- a relearning operation when a frame transmitted by the node 50 is received from the port 302 in a state where the state number is registered as 0 in the FDB 352 will be described. It is assumed that 1 is stored as the failure state number in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340.
- the received frame is passed to the input frame processing unit 311 connected to the port 302 (Ste S21).
- the input frame processing unit 311 notifies the output port search processing unit 350 of the MAC address of the node 50 that is the transmission source MAC address of the received frame and the port 302 that has received this frame, and requests an update of the FDB.
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the notified MAC address as a search key to check whether there is an entry in the FDB (step S22, step S22). S23).
- the FDB control unit 351 since there is an entry in the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key (step S23: Yes), the FDB control unit 351 includes the output port registered in the searched entry and the above-described entry. It is confirmed whether or not the port 302 notified in the FDB update request matches (step S25). Here, as a result of the confirmation, it is determined that they match (step S25: Yes), and the failure state number registered in the searched entry is stored in the current failure state number (failure state number 342). It is confirmed whether or not (failure state number) matches (step S27).
- step S27: No the output port and failure state number of the entry searched in step S22 are the port 302 notified by the FDB update request and the current failure state number 0, respectively.
- step S26 the entry is overwritten and registered (step S26).
- each ring node when a failure occurs in the ring network 1 of the present embodiment will be described.
- an operation example of the ring node 300 when a failure occurs in the link between the ring nodes 400 and 500 (see FIG. 7) will be described. It is assumed that 0 is stored as the failure state number in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340 when a failure occurs.
- the ring nodes 400 and 500 When the ring nodes 400 and 500 detect a link failure, they transmit a failure notification frame indicating that fact.
- the ring node 300 receives the failure detection frame transmitted from the ring node 400.
- the input / output processing unit 310 and the switching processing unit 320 transfer this failure notification frame to the link connected to the ring node 200.
- the failure notification frame is transferred from the input / output processing unit 310 to the ring management processing unit 330.
- the ring management processing unit 330 When the ring management processing unit 330 receives the transferred failure notification frame, the ring management processing unit 330 confirms the contents thereof, and an FDB entry whose output port is the port 302 that is a port accommodating the link through which the failure notification frame is transmitted. Is determined to be invalidated. Then, the port status management unit 340a and the output port search processing unit 350 are notified of the port 302 and instructed to execute the FDB flush.
- the port state management unit 340 that has received the FDB flush execution instruction updates the failure state number 342.
- the failure state number 342 is updated from 0 to 1.
- the port state management unit 340 further stores the notified identification information (port number) of the port 302 in the FDB flush factor port number 343.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a frame transfer procedure performed after receiving a failure occurrence notification. It is assumed that 1 is stored as the failure state number in the failure state number 342 of the port state management unit 340 (updated from 0 to 1 with the failure notification).
- the input / output processing unit 310 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key.
- a request is made to 350 (output port search request).
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 notified at the time of the request as a search key, and there is an entry corresponding to the request content. (Steps S32 and S33).
- the FDB control unit 351 determines that there is no corresponding entry (step S33: No), and notifies the input / output processing unit 310 to that effect.
- the input / output processing unit 310 that has received notification that there is no corresponding entry requests the switching processing unit 320 to copy the received frame and forward (flood) this frame to a port other than the port 303 that received the frame. 320 floods the frame received at the port 303 in accordance with the request (step S34).
- the input / output processing unit 310 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key.
- a request is made to 350 (output port search request).
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 notified at the time of the request as a search key, and there is an entry corresponding to the request content. (Steps S32 and S33).
- the FDB control unit 351 acquires an entry corresponding to the search key (step S33: Yes), and further checks whether the failure state number registered in the entry is the latest. That is, it is checked whether the registered failure state number matches the failure state number stored in the failure state number 342 (step S35).
- the failure status number of the acquired entry is determined to be the latest (step S35: Yes), and the FDB control unit 351 notifies the input / output processing unit 310 of the output port registered in this entry. To do.
- the input / output processing unit 310 that has received this notification requests the switching processing unit 320 to transfer the received frame to the notified output port, and the switching processing unit 320 transfers the received frame (step S38).
- the input / output processing unit 310 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key.
- a request is made to 350 (output port search request).
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 notified at the time of the request as a search key, and there is an entry corresponding to the request content. (Steps S32 and S33).
- the FDB control unit 351 acquires an entry corresponding to the search key (step S33: Yes), and further checks whether the failure state number registered in the entry is the latest. That is, it is checked whether the registered failure state number matches the failure state number stored in the failure state number 342 (step S35). Then, it is determined that the failure status number of the acquired entry is not the latest (step S35: No), and further, it is confirmed whether the output port number registered in the acquired entry corresponds to the FDB flush cause port number. (Step S36). That is, the FDB control unit 351 checks whether or not the output port number registered in the entry matches the value of the FDB flush cause port number 343 of the port state management 340a.
- step S36 It is determined that it does not correspond to the cause port number (step S36: No), the failure state number registered in the acquired entry is updated to the value of the failure state number 342 of the port state management 340a, and the updated entry is overwritten. Register (step S37).
- the FDB control unit 351 notifies the input / output processing unit 310 of the output port registered in this entry.
- the input / output processing unit 310 that has received this notification requests the switching processing unit 320 to transfer the received frame to the notified output port, and the switching processing unit 320 transfers the received frame (step S38).
- the FDB 352 has an entry corresponding to the destination MAC address of the received frame, and the failure state number of the obtained entry is different from the value stored in the failure state number 342, and the output port of the obtained entry is the FDB flash Frame forwarding when the cause port number is equal to 343 This is the case where the entry obtained by the output port search is learned before the failure occurs and is a destination entry that requires a route change due to the failure. Is the action.
- the input / output processing unit 310 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 as a search key.
- a request is made to 350 (output port search request).
- the FDB control unit 351 searches the FDB 352 using the MAC address of the node 50 notified at the time of the request as a search key, and there is an entry corresponding to the request content. (Steps S32 and S33).
- the FDB control unit 351 acquires an entry corresponding to the search key (step S33: Yes), and further checks whether the failure state number registered in the entry is the latest. That is, it is checked whether the registered failure state number matches the failure state number stored in the failure state number 342 (step S35). Then, it is determined that the failure status number of the acquired entry is not the latest (step S35: No), and further, it is confirmed whether the output port number registered in the acquired entry corresponds to the FDB flush cause port number. (Step S36). Then, it is determined that the port number corresponds to the FDB flush factor port number (step S36: Yes), and the FDB control unit 351 invalidates this entry (step S39). There are no specific rules for invalidation.
- All of the search key and output information of the entry may be deleted, or only the search key may be deleted.
- a flag indicating that it has been invalidated (a flag indicating an empty entry) may be prepared and this flag may be set.
- invalidation may be performed by any method.
- the FDB control unit 351 notifies the input / output processing unit 310 that there is no corresponding entry (the corresponding output port is unknown).
- the input / output processing unit 310 that has received notification that there is no corresponding entry requests the switching processing unit 320 to copy the received frame and forward (flood) this frame to a port other than the port 303 that received the frame. 320 floods the frame received at the port 302 in accordance with the request content (step S34).
- the ring node updates the management number (failure state number) indicating the network state at the time when the FDB learning is performed every time the notification of the failure occurrence in the ring network is received.
- the reception port of the frame that has notified the occurrence (failure notification frame) is stored as the FDB flush factor port, and when the general frame is received, address learning is performed and the FDB is updated, the received frame is transmitted.
- the original MAC address is used as a search key, and the failure state number at that time and the reception port of the frame are registered in the entry as output information.
- the failure state number registered in the entry corresponding to the search key is not the latest value, and the output port registered in this entry is the FDB flush factor port. If applicable, this entry is invalidated. As a result, it is possible to invalidate only the FDB entry of the truly necessary destination without making it necessary to invalidate all the FDB entries that have been necessary in the past. As a result, when a failure occurs in the ring network, address learning can be restarted quickly, and unnecessary flooding operation to nodes on a route that is not affected by route switching due to the failure can be eliminated.
- a method for invalidating only entries output to a specific port has been described.
- invalidation of all entries may be necessary. Therefore, a special value indicating all ports may be defined as the FDB flush cause port, and when all entries need to be invalidated, the value may be stored in the FDB flush cause port number 343. .
- the communication apparatus operating as a node of the ring network has been described.
- the communication apparatus according to the present invention invalidates the previous address learning result and generates a new one when a failure occurs in the network.
- Any network in which each node operates so as to perform address learning can be applied to a network employing a topology other than the ring type.
- the communication device is useful for a node device that configures a network and transfers a received frame according to an address learning result, and in particular, a node device that restarts address learning after a failure occurs in a short time. Suitable for
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施の形態の通信装置に相当するリングノード装置(以下、「リングノード」と記載する)により構成されたリングネットワークを含んだ通信システムの構成例を示す図である。この通信システムは、本実施の形態にかかる複数のリングノード(リングノード100,200,300,400,500,600)により構成されたリングネットワーク1と、リングネットワーク1に接続された複数のノード(ノード10,20,30,40,50,60)を含んでいる。なお、図1においては、各リングノードの入出力ポートも併せて記載しており、リングノード300の入出力ポートをポート301~303としている。ポート301はリングノード200と接続されたリンクを収容し、ポート302はリングノード400と接続されたリンクを収容し、ポート303はノード30が接続されたリンクを収容している。
まず、FDBに新規エントリを登録する場合のアドレス学習動作について、図面を参照しながら説明する。ここでは、リングノード300が全く何も学習していない状態(FDB352にエントリが全く登録されていない状態)からアドレス学習を行う場合の動作例を説明する。なお、ポート状態管理部340の障害状態番号342には、障害状態番号として0が記憶されているものとする。
次に、FDBに登録済みのエントリを更新する場合のアドレス学習動作について説明する。ここでは、ノード50のMACアドレスの出力ポートがポート301としてFDB352へ登録されている状態において、ノード50が送信したフレームをポート302から受信したときの再学習動作について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、ポート状態管理部340の障害状態番号342には、障害状態番号として0が記憶されているものとする。
実施の形態1では、障害発生の通知を受けると、FDBに登録されているすべてのエントリを無効化するリングノードについて説明したが、本実施の形態では、特定の出力ポートを持つFDBエントリのみを無効化するリングノードについて説明する。なお、通信システムの構成は実施の形態1と同様であるものとする(図1参照)。
まず、FDBに新規エントリを登録する場合のアドレス学習動作について、図面を参照しながら説明する。ここでは、リングノード300が全く何も学習していない状態(FDB352にエントリが全く登録されていない状態)からアドレス学習を行う場合の動作例を説明する。なお、ポート状態管理部340の障害状態番号342には、障害状態番号として0が記憶されているものとする。
次に、FDBに登録済みのエントリを更新する場合のアドレス学習動作について説明する。ここでは、(1)フレームを受信したポートとFDBに登録されているエントリが示すポートが一致していない場合の更新動作、および(2)フレームを受信した時点の障害状態番号とFDBに登録されている障害状態番号が一致していない場合の更新動作、について説明する。
一例として、ノード50のMACアドレスの出力ポートがポート301としてFDB352へ登録されている状態において、ノード50が送信したフレームをポート302から受信したときの再学習動作を説明する。
一例として、ノード50のMACアドレスの出力ポートがポート302、これに対応する状態番号が0としてFDB352へ登録されている状態において、ノード50が送信したフレームをポート302から受信したときの再学習動作を説明する。なお、ポート状態管理部340の障害状態番号342には、障害状態番号として1が記憶されているものとする。
(C)FDB352に受信フレームの宛先MACアドレスに該当するエントリがあり、得られたエントリの障害状態番号が障害状態番号342に記憶されている値と異なり、得られたエントリの出力ポートがFDBフラッシュ要因ポート番号343と異なる場合のフレーム転送
これは、出力ポート検索で得られたエントリは障害発生前に学習されているものであるが、障害による経路変更を必要としない宛先のエントリであるときの動作である。
これは、出力ポート検索で得られたエントリが障害発生前に学習されているものであり、さらに障害による経路変更を必要とする宛先のエントリであるときの動作である。
10,20,30,40,50,60 ノード
100,200,300,400,500,600 リングノード
301,302,303 ポート
301-1 入力ポート
301-2 出力ポート
310 入出力処理部
311 入力フレーム処理部
312 出力フレーム処理部
320 スイッチング処理部
330 リング管理処理部
340,340a ポート状態管理部
341 ポート状態テーブル
342 障害状態番号
343 FDBフラッシュ要因ポート番号
350 出力ポート検索処理部
351 FDB制御部
352 FDB
Claims (18)
- ネットワークのノードとして動作する通信装置であって、
ネットワーク内での障害発生を検出するごとに、ネットワークの状態を示す状態情報を更新する状態管理手段と、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび受信ポートと、前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報とに基づいて、当該送信元アドレスを宛先アドレスとしたフレームを受信した場合の出力ポートを決定するためのデータベースを更新するデータベース更新手段と、
受信フレームの宛先アドレスおよび前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報を検索キーとして前記データベースを検索することにより、受信フレームの出力ポートを決定する出力先決定手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする通信装置。 - 前記データベース更新手段は、
前記送信元アドレスおよび前記状態情報を検索キーとし、前記受信ポートを出力情報としたエントリを作成して前記データベースへ登録する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記データベース更新手段は、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報を検索キーとするエントリが前記データベースに登録されていない場合、当該送信元アドレスおよび当該状態情報を検索キーとし、前記受信ポートを出力情報としたエントリを作成して前記データベースへ登録する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記データベース更新手段は、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報を検索キーとするエントリが前記データベースに登録されているが、その出力情報が前記受信ポートを示していない場合、当該エントリの出力情報が前記受信ポートを示すように、当該エントリを変更する
ことを特徴とする請求項1または3に記載の通信装置。 - ネットワークのノードとして動作する通信装置であって、
ネットワーク内での障害発生を検出するごとに、ネットワークの状態を示す状態情報を更新し、さらに、障害が発生しているポート、または障害発生す通知するフレームを受信したポートを無効ポートとして記憶する状態管理手段と、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび受信ポートと、前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報とに基づいて、当該送信元アドレスを宛先アドレスとしたフレームを受信した場合の出力ポートを決定するためのデータベースを更新するデータベース更新手段と、
受信フレームの宛先アドレスを検索キーとして前記データベースを検索し、得られた検索結果と、前記状態管理手段で記憶されている無効ポートとに基づいて、受信フレームの出力ポートを決定する出力先決定手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする通信装置。 - 前記データベース更新手段は、
前記送信元アドレスを検索キーとし、前記状態情報および前記受信ポートを出力情報としたエントリを作成して前記データベースへ登録する
ことを特徴とする請求項5に記載の通信装置。 - 前記データベース更新手段は、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスを検索キーとするエントリが前記データベースに登録されているが、その出力情報が前記受信ポートとは異なるポートを示している、または当該出力情報が前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報とは異なる状態情報を含んでいる場合、当該エントリの出力情報が前記受信ポートを示しなおかつ前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報と同一の状態情報を含むように、当該エントリを変更する
ことを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の通信装置。 - 前記出力先決定手段は、
前記検索結果に含まれる状態情報が前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報とは異なり、なおかつ当該検索結果が示す出力ポートが前記状態管理手段で記憶されている無効ポートに該当する場合、当該検索結果に対応する前記データベース内のエントリを無効化する
ことを特徴とする請求項5、6または7に記載の通信装置。 - 前記出力先決定手段は、
前記検索結果に含まれる状態情報が前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報とは異なり、なおかつ当該検索結果が示す出力ポートが前記状態管理手段で記憶されている無効ポートとは異なる場合、当該検索結果に対応するデータベース内のエントリが前記状態管理手段で管理されている状態情報と同一の管理情報を含むように、当該エントリを更新する
ことを特徴とする請求項5、6または7に記載の通信装置。 - 前記出力先決定手段は、
前記受信フレームの出力先を前記検索結果が示す出力ポートに決定する
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の通信装置。 - リングネットワークを構成する
ことを特徴とする請求項1~10のいずれか一つに記載の通信装置。 - ネットワークのノードとして動作する通信装置が、フレームを受信した場合の出力ポートを決定するためのデータベースを更新する場合に実行するアドレス学習方法であって、
ネットワーク内での障害発生を検出するごとに、ネットワークの状態を示す状態情報を更新する状態情報更新ステップと、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび受信ポートと、前記状態情報とに基づいて、前記データベースに新規エントリを登録する必要があるかどうか確認し、必要な場合には、当該送信元アドレスおよび当該状態情報を検索キーとし、当該受信ポートを出力情報としたエントリを作成して前記データベースへ登録するエントリ登録ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とするアドレス学習方法。 - 前記エントリ登録ステップでは、最新の状態情報とは異なる状態情報を有するエントリがデータベースに登録されている場合、当該既存エントリに対して前記作成したエントリを上書き登録する
ことを特徴とする請求項12に記載のアドレス学習方法。 - 受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび前記状態情報を検索キーとしたエントリが前記データベースに登録されているかどうか確認し、登録されている場合、さらに、当該エントリの出力情報が前記受信フレームの受信ポートを示しているかどうか確認し、示していなければ、出力情報が前記受信フレームの受信ポートを示すように、当該エントリを変更する登録済みエントリ変更ステップ、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項12または13に記載のアドレス学習方法。 - ネットワークのノードとして動作する通信装置が、フレームを受信した場合の出力ポートを決定するためのデータベースを更新する場合に実行するアドレス学習方法であって、
ネットワーク内での障害発生を検出するごとに、ネットワークの状態を示す状態情報を更新し、さらに、障害が発生しているポート、または障害発生す通知するフレームを受信したポートを無効ポートとして記憶する管理情報更新ステップと、
受信フレームの送信元アドレスおよび受信ポートと、前記状態情報とに基づいて、前記データベースに新規エントリを登録する必要があるかどうか確認し、必要な場合、当該送信元アドレスを検索キーとし、当該状態情報および当該受信ポートを出力情報としたエントリを作成して前記データベースへ登録するエントリ登録ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とするアドレス学習方法。 - 受信フレームの送信元アドレスを検索キーとしたエントリが前記データベースに登録されているが、その出力情報が当該受信フレームの受信ポートとは異なるポートを示している、または当該出力情報が最新の状態情報とは異なる状態情報を含んでいる場合には、当該エントリの出力情報が当該受信ポートを示しなおかつ最新の状態情報と同一の状態情報を含むように、当該エントリを変更するエントリ変更ステップ、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項15に記載のアドレス学習方法。 - 出力ポートを決定するためのデータベース検索を実行し、その結果、受信フレームの宛先アドレスに対応するエントリが前記データベースに登録されているが、その出力情報に含まれる状態情報が最新の状態情報とは異なり、なおかつ当該出力情報が示す出力ポートが前記無効ポートに該当することを検出した場合、当該エントリを無効化するエントリ無効化ステップ、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項15または16に記載のアドレス学習方法。 - 出力ポートを決定するためのデータベース検索を実行し、その結果、受信フレームの宛先アドレスに対応するエントリが前記データベースに登録されているが、その出力情報に含まれる状態情報が最新の状態情報とは異なり、なおかつ当該出力情報が示す出力ポートが前記無効ポートとは異なることを検出した場合、当該エントリの出力情報が最新の状態情報を含むように、当該エントリを変更するエントリ更新ステップ、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項15、16または17に記載のアドレス学習方法。
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TW201206117A (en) | 2012-02-01 |
EP2541842A4 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
JP5349678B2 (ja) | 2013-11-20 |
JPWO2011104847A1 (ja) | 2013-06-17 |
US8655909B2 (en) | 2014-02-18 |
EP2541842A1 (en) | 2013-01-02 |
EP2541842B1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
TWI449376B (zh) | 2014-08-11 |
US20120317138A1 (en) | 2012-12-13 |
CN102771092B (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
CN102771092A (zh) | 2012-11-07 |
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