WO2011101654A1 - Suspension apparatus - Google Patents
Suspension apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011101654A1 WO2011101654A1 PCT/GB2011/050176 GB2011050176W WO2011101654A1 WO 2011101654 A1 WO2011101654 A1 WO 2011101654A1 GB 2011050176 W GB2011050176 W GB 2011050176W WO 2011101654 A1 WO2011101654 A1 WO 2011101654A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- suspension
- distal end
- vehicle
- suspension apparatus
- end portion
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
- B60G11/26—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs
- B60G11/27—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having fluid springs only, e.g. hydropneumatic springs wherein the fluid is a gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
- B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
- B60G3/202—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid having one longitudinal arm and two parallel transversal arms, e.g. dual-link type strut suspension
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
- B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
- B60G2200/14—Independent suspensions with lateral arms
- B60G2200/144—Independent suspensions with lateral arms with two lateral arms forming a parallelogram
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/15—Fluid spring
- B60G2202/152—Pneumatic spring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/12—Mounting of springs or dampers
- B60G2204/126—Mounting of pneumatic springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2300/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of vehicle
- B60G2300/14—Buses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a suspension apparatus and particularly, but not exclusively, to a low-profile suspension apparatus for use on the front axle of passenger service vehicles such as "midi" buses.
- a suspension apparatus at least comprising:
- a spring member retained, in use, between the second distal end portion of the upper suspension arm and an underlying vehicle chassis member; wherein the upper suspension arm is pivotably mountable to a vehicle chassis member about a pivot point located between its opposing first and second distal end portions thus serving, in use, to transfer a vehicle wheel's vertical acceleration forces from the first distal end portion of the upper suspension arm to the spring member.
- the spring member is an air spring.
- bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate their pivotable mounting to vehicle chassis members.
- ball joints and/or bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate pivotable mounting to the upright suspension member.
- the pivot point located between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is positioned midway between the distal end portions.
- the suspension apparatus is a double-wishbone suspension apparatus wherein the upper and lower suspension arms are in the form of wishbone arms.
- the suspension apparatus is an independent front suspension apparatus for passenger service vehicles.
- a passenger service vehicle comprising floor chassis members supported on vehicle wheel and hub assembly by a suspension apparatus according to the first aspect.
- the pivot point between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is connected to a floor chassis member at a position whereby, during a vehicle wheel's vertical movement, all parts of the suspension apparatus are maintained below a horizontal plane coincident with an uppermost part of the floor chassis members.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view corresponding to Fig. 1 also showing the connection of the suspension apparatus to a vehicle chassis via air springs.
- Fig. 1 shows a double-wishbone suspension apparatus having a pair of upright suspension members 10 to which are attached an upper wishbone arm 12 and a lower wishbone arm 14 respectively.
- Each upright suspension member 10 locates a vehicle wheel/hub assembly 16 in a conventional manner.
- Each upper and lower wishbone arm 12, 14 is pivotally connected, by means of suitable bushes or bearings, to upper and lower portions of its upright suspension member 10 via respective first distal end portions 12a, 14a.
- each upper wishbone arm 12 is provided with a circular plate 12c to facilitate its connection to the upper surface of an air spring (see Fig. 2).
- Each upper wishbone arm 12 is additionally provided with a pivot point 12d positioned substantially midway between its respective first and second distal end portions 12a, 12b to facilitate its pivotable connection, by means of suitable bushes or bearings, to a vehicle chassis (see Fig. 2).
- opposing second distal ends 14b of each lower wishbone arm 14 are provided with suitable bushes or bearings to facilitate their pivotable connection to a vehicle chassis (see Fig. 2).
- Fig. 2 shows the double-wishbone suspension apparatus of Fig. 1 when connected to a vehicle chassis 20.
- the vehicle chassis 20 is provided with upper and lower chassis members 22, 24 which are connected together to define a three-dimensional box-like hollow structure having a height which is generally similar to that of the upright suspension member 10.
- Air springs 26 are positioned within the volume defined by the upper and lower chassis members 22, 24.
- the upper surface of each air spring 26 is attached to the circular plate 12c at the second distal end 12b of its corresponding upper wishbone arm 12.
- the lower surface of each air spring 26 is attached to the lower chassis member 24.
- a damper 28 is connected between an upper chassis member 22 and a lower portion of each upright suspension member 10.
- the upper wishbone arms 12 are each connected to an upper chassis member 22 of the vehicle chassis 20 via the pivot point 12d between their first and second distal ends 12a, 12b.
- the lower wishbone arms 14 are each connected to a lower chassis member 24 of the vehicle chassis 20 via the pivotal connection at their second distal end 14b.
- the vertical acceleration forces experienced by the wheel/hub assembly 16 are transferred through the upright suspension member 10 to the first distal ends 12a, 14a of the upper and lower wishbone arms 12, 14.
- the position of pivot point 2d on each upper wishbone arm 12 acts as a counterbalance to transfer such forces to the air spring 26 attached to the second distal end 12b of each upper wishbone arm 12. For example, vertical movement of the wheel/hub assembly 16 in the direction of arrow A in Fig.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
A suspension apparatus comprising: an upright suspension member (10) for locating, in use, a vehicle's wheel and hub assembly (16); an upper suspension arm (12) provided with a first distal end portion (12a) which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member (10); a lower suspension arm (14) provided with a first distal end portion (14a) which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member (10); an opposing second distal end portion (10b) which, in use, is pivotably mounted to a vehicle chassis member; and a spring member retained, in use, between the second distal end portion (12b) of the upper suspension arm and an underlying vehicle chassis member; wherein the upper suspension arm (12) is pivotably mountable to a vehicle chassis member about a pivot point (12d) located between its opposing first and second distal end portions (12a,12b) thus serving, in use, to transfer a vehicle wheel's vertical acceleration forces from the first distal end portion (12a) of the upper suspension arm (12) to the spring member.
Description
Suspension Apparatus
The present invention relates to a suspension apparatus and particularly, but not exclusively, to a low-profile suspension apparatus for use on the front axle of passenger service vehicles such as "midi" buses.
In view of established legislative requirements, it is well known to provide urban passenger service vehicles with low-floor arrangements to ease the boarding and alighting of passengers with reduced mobility such as the disabled or infirm. Many low-floor passenger service vehicles employ air springs which can facilitate "kneeling" of independent front suspension systems to further assist with, for example, front door wheelchair access.
However, a particular problem arises in smaller "midi" type passenger service vehicles wherein the driver's cab is sited substantially over the front axle. Such positioning is desirable insofar as it maximises the available space behind the driver's cab and hence the passenger carrying capacity of the vehicle. However, an undesirable consequence of this arrangement is that the driver's seating position must be raised by an amount sufficient to accommodate the underlying conventional suspension system consisting of bulky air springs which extend above a double- wishbone structure. In particular, the resulting heightened driver's position is incompatible with low-floor arrangements from a driver-passenger interface perspective since it is desirable to keep the driver's position as low as possible.
Accordingly, there exists a conflict in satisfying the competing
requirements of maintaining a lowered ergonomic driver seating position whilst maximising vehicle capacity by positioning the driver's cab forwardly over the front axle.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a suspension apparatus at least comprising:
(i) an upright suspension member for locating, in use, a vehicle's wheel and hub assembly;
(ii) an upper suspension arm provided with a first distal end portion which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member;
(iii) a lower suspension arm provided with a first distal end portion which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member, and an opposing second distal end portion which, in use, is pivotably mounted to a vehicle chassis member; and
(iv) a spring member retained, in use, between the second distal end portion of the upper suspension arm and an underlying vehicle chassis member; wherein the upper suspension arm is pivotably mountable to a vehicle chassis member about a pivot point located between its opposing first and second distal end portions thus serving, in use, to transfer a vehicle wheel's vertical acceleration forces from the first distal end portion of the upper suspension arm to the spring member.
Optionally, the spring member is an air spring.
Optionally, bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate their pivotable mounting to vehicle chassis members. Optionally, ball joints and/or bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate pivotable mounting to the upright suspension member.
Optionally, the pivot point located between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is positioned midway between the distal end portions.
Optionally, the suspension apparatus is a double-wishbone suspension apparatus wherein the upper and lower suspension arms are in the form of wishbone arms.
Optionally, the suspension apparatus is an independent front suspension apparatus for passenger service vehicles. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a passenger service vehicle comprising floor chassis members supported on vehicle wheel and hub assembly by a suspension apparatus according to the first aspect. Optionally, the pivot point between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is connected to a floor chassis member at a position whereby, during a vehicle wheel's vertical movement, all parts of the suspension apparatus are maintained below a horizontal plane coincident with an uppermost part of the floor chassis members.
An embodiment of the present invention is described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a double-wishbone suspension apparatus connected to a vehicle wheel and hub assembly; and
Fig. 2 is a perspective view corresponding to Fig. 1 also showing the connection of the suspension apparatus to a vehicle chassis via air springs.
Fig. 1 shows a double-wishbone suspension apparatus having a pair of upright suspension members 10 to which are attached an upper wishbone arm 12 and a lower wishbone arm 14 respectively. Each upright suspension member 10 locates a vehicle wheel/hub assembly 16 in a conventional manner. Each upper and lower wishbone arm 12, 14 is pivotally connected, by means of suitable bushes or bearings, to upper and lower portions of its upright suspension member 10 via respective first distal end portions 12a, 14a.
An opposing second distal end 12b of each upper wishbone arm 12 is provided with a circular plate 12c to facilitate its connection to the upper surface of an air spring (see Fig. 2). Each upper wishbone arm 12 is additionally provided with a pivot point 12d positioned substantially midway between its respective first and second distal end portions 12a, 12b to facilitate its pivotable connection, by means of suitable bushes or bearings, to a vehicle chassis (see Fig. 2). Similarly, opposing second distal ends 14b of each lower wishbone arm 14 are provided with suitable bushes or bearings to facilitate their pivotable connection to a vehicle chassis (see Fig. 2).
Fig. 2 shows the double-wishbone suspension apparatus of Fig. 1 when connected to a vehicle chassis 20. The vehicle chassis 20 is provided with upper and lower chassis members 22, 24 which are connected together to define a three-dimensional box-like hollow structure having a height which is generally similar to that of the upright suspension member 10. Air springs 26 are positioned within the volume defined by the upper and lower chassis members 22, 24. The upper surface of each air spring 26 is attached to the circular plate 12c at the second distal end 12b of its corresponding upper wishbone arm 12. The lower surface of each air spring 26 is attached to the lower chassis member 24. A damper 28 is connected between an upper chassis member 22 and a lower portion of each upright suspension member 10.
The upper wishbone arms 12 are each connected to an upper chassis member 22 of the vehicle chassis 20 via the pivot point 12d between their first and second distal ends 12a, 12b. The lower wishbone arms 14 are each connected to a lower chassis member 24 of the vehicle chassis 20 via the pivotal connection at their second distal end 14b. In use, the vertical acceleration forces experienced by the wheel/hub assembly 16 are transferred through the upright suspension member 10 to the first distal ends 12a, 14a of the upper and lower wishbone arms 12, 14. The position of pivot point 2d on each upper wishbone arm 12 acts as a counterbalance to transfer such forces to the air spring 26 attached to the second distal end 12b of each upper wishbone arm 12. For example, vertical movement of the wheel/hub assembly 16 in the direction of arrow A in Fig. 2 causes the upright suspension member A to move upwards. The vertical (upward) force acting on the first distal end 12a of the upper wishbone arm 2 causes it to rotate around pivot point 12d such that the circular plate 2c at its second opposing distal end 12b is forced
downwards against the air spring 26 which absorbs the vertical acceleration force and minimises any transfer to the underlying chassis member 24. The particular arrangement of the components described above results in a more compact apparatus thus achieving a low profile front suspension without compromising on suspension travel or roll stabilities found in conventional independent suspension systems. When used in "midi" type passenger service vehicles, such a suspension arrangement allows the driver to be positioned over the front axle to maximise passenger spacing and interaction whilst obviating the need to raise the driver's seating position.
Modifications and improvements may be made to the foregoing without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A suspension apparatus comprising:
(i) an upright suspension member for locating, in use, a vehicle's wheel and hub assembly;
(ii) an upper suspension arm provided with a first distal end portion which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member;
(iii) a lower suspension arm provided with a first distal end portion which is pivotably mounted to the upright suspension member, and an opposing second distal end portion which, in use, is pivotably mounted to a vehicle chassis member; and
(iv) a spring member retained, in use, between the second distal end portion of the upper suspension arm and an underlying vehicle chassis member; wherein the upper suspension arm is pivotably mountable to a vehicle chassis member about a pivot point located between its opposing first and second distal end portions thus serving, in use, to transfer a vehicle wheel's vertical acceleration forces from the first distal end portion of the upper suspension arm to the spring member.
2. A suspension apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the spring member is an air spring.
3. A suspension apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate their pivotable mounting to vehicle chassis members.
4. A suspension apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein ball joints and/or bushes and/or bearings are provided on the upper and lower suspension arms to facilitate pivotable mounting to the upright suspension member.
5. A suspension apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the pivot point located between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is positioned midway between the distal end portions.
6. A suspension apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the suspension apparatus is a double-wishbone
suspension apparatus wherein the upper and lower suspension arms are in the form of wishbone arms.
7. A suspension apparatus as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the suspension apparatus is an independent front suspension apparatus for a passenger service vehicle.
8. A passenger service vehicle comprising floor chassis members supported on vehicle wheel and hub assembly by a suspension apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A passenger service vehicle as claimed in claim 8 wherein the pivot point between the opposing first and second distal end portions of the upper suspension arm is connected to a floor chassis member at a position whereby, during a vehicle wheel's vertical movement, all parts of the suspension apparatus are maintained below a horizontal plane coincident with an uppermost part of the floor chassis members.
10. A suspension apparatus substantially as defined herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1214722.9A GB2489905A (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2011-02-03 | Suspension apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GBGB1002790.2A GB201002790D0 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Suspension apparatus |
| GB1002790.2 | 2010-02-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011101654A1 true WO2011101654A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
Family
ID=42114031
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB2011/050176 WO2011101654A1 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2011-02-03 | Suspension apparatus |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB201002790D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2011101654A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014026808A1 (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Independent suspension |
| GB2514536A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-12-03 | Alexander Dennis Ltd | Suspension arrangement |
| WO2020224326A1 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | 浙江盘毂动力科技有限公司 | Independent suspension system, and vehicle |
| WO2021023738A1 (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-11 | Daimler Ag | Wheel suspension for a motor vehicle, in particular for a passenger car, and motor vehicle having at least one such wheel suspension |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2886312A (en) * | 1957-08-12 | 1959-05-12 | Freiermuth George Albert | Vehicle construction |
| JPH0585140A (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-04-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Suspension device for vehicle |
| US5577571A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1996-11-26 | Rizzoli; Robert L. | Automobile chassis with pivoted inner and outer frames |
| WO2005039900A2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-06 | Aloha, Llc | Suspensions for low floor vehicles |
| WO2006062677A2 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-15 | Shumate, David D. | Variable ratio suspension system for autos |
-
2010
- 2010-02-19 GB GBGB1002790.2A patent/GB201002790D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-02-03 GB GB1214722.9A patent/GB2489905A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-02-03 WO PCT/GB2011/050176 patent/WO2011101654A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2886312A (en) * | 1957-08-12 | 1959-05-12 | Freiermuth George Albert | Vehicle construction |
| JPH0585140A (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1993-04-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Suspension device for vehicle |
| US5577571A (en) * | 1996-02-12 | 1996-11-26 | Rizzoli; Robert L. | Automobile chassis with pivoted inner and outer frames |
| WO2005039900A2 (en) * | 2003-10-24 | 2005-05-06 | Aloha, Llc | Suspensions for low floor vehicles |
| WO2006062677A2 (en) * | 2004-12-06 | 2006-06-15 | Shumate, David D. | Variable ratio suspension system for autos |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "Lotus 49 In Detail", 4 May 2009 (2009-05-04), pages 1 - 14, XP002630394, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://trackthoughts.com/2009/05/04/lotus-49-in-detail/> [retrieved on 20110329] * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014026808A1 (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-20 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Independent suspension |
| GB2514536A (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-12-03 | Alexander Dennis Ltd | Suspension arrangement |
| US9340083B2 (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2016-05-17 | Alexander Dennis Limited | Suspension arrangement |
| GB2514536B (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2017-05-03 | Alexander Dennis Ltd | Suspension arrangement |
| WO2020224326A1 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | 浙江盘毂动力科技有限公司 | Independent suspension system, and vehicle |
| WO2021023738A1 (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2021-02-11 | Daimler Ag | Wheel suspension for a motor vehicle, in particular for a passenger car, and motor vehicle having at least one such wheel suspension |
| US11760144B2 (en) | 2019-08-08 | 2023-09-19 | Daimler Ag | Wheel suspension for a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger vehicle, and a motor vehicle having at least one such wheel suspension |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB201002790D0 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
| GB2489905A (en) | 2012-10-10 |
| GB201214722D0 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6538189B2 (en) | Wheel beam type axleless vehicle frame | |
| US7425005B2 (en) | Suspensions for low floor vehicles | |
| CA2394423C (en) | Modular wheel chair | |
| US7500687B2 (en) | Vehicle suspension systems | |
| US20220212527A1 (en) | Subframe and suspension assembly | |
| KR20060116168A (en) | Articulated train rake and car for making up such a rake | |
| CN102639343A (en) | Wheel mounting assembly for motor vehicles | |
| US20140305728A1 (en) | Compact urban vehicle | |
| JPH0342322A (en) | Suspension device of automobile | |
| WO2011101654A1 (en) | Suspension apparatus | |
| EP2620301B1 (en) | Integral link front suspension | |
| GB2582330A (en) | Steering axle assembly | |
| US4451054A (en) | Vehicle suspension system | |
| EP2167333B1 (en) | Vehicle suspension system | |
| CN100415589C (en) | Pedal type scooter | |
| US9073397B1 (en) | Compact rear suspension damper-spring assembly | |
| JP2008230488A (en) | Axle box supporting device of bogie for railway vehicle, and bogie | |
| AU2021101282A4 (en) | A ready access off-road vehicle | |
| CN112455243B (en) | Trolley bus running system and trolley bus | |
| CN112455244B (en) | Power running system of trolley bus and trolley bus | |
| CN210707407U (en) | Be applied to trolley bus's last yoke, lower yoke, yoke subassembly and trolley bus | |
| CN112455489B (en) | Axle box for trolley bus | |
| JP2004135811A (en) | Electric wheelchair | |
| CN112455242B (en) | Trolley bus and running system applied to same | |
| JP2002316523A (en) | Independent suspension device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11705971 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 1214722 Country of ref document: GB Kind code of ref document: A Free format text: PCT FILING DATE = 20110203 |
|
| WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1214722.9 Country of ref document: GB |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11705971 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |