WO2011082459A1

WO2011082459A1 - Apparatus for biologically safe combustion at high temperatures

Info

Publication number: WO2011082459A1
Application number: PCT/BR2010/000023
Authority: WO
Inventors: Harry Perusin; Paulo Armando Victoria Oliveira; Claudio Bellaver; Dirceu Luís ZANOTTO
Original assignee: Embrapa - Empresa Brasileira De Pesquisa Agropecuária
Priority date: 2010-01-08
Filing date: 2010-01-08
Publication date: 2011-07-14

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new design of an apparatus for biologically safe combustion at high temperatures. More specifically, the present invention relates to an incinerator of slaughtered animals and/or for disposing of corpses of small-size or medium-size animals. More specifically, the invention allows the incineration of products and materials of organic origin that represent a biological hazard.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION PATENT INVENTION: "BIOSAFETY EQUIPMENT OF BURNING UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURES".

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new constructive arrangement applied to high temperature firing equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to an incinerator for slaughtering animals and / or disposing of animal carcasses. More specifically, it makes possible the incineration of products and materials of organic origin that present biological risk.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Currently, in the rural area, breeders and / or producers of animals in general have faced great difficulty in reconciling effective standards for good productivity against the parameters to be met for preservation of the environment.

Awareness of society, especially breeders and / or producers, as well as the dissemination of biosafety through the establishment of new guidelines such as sanitary / environmental standards and rules by the competent bodies, have contributed to the search for alternatives for solution and / or minimization of the practical problems of agriculture, including adequate means to eliminate diseased and dead animals without contamination of other animals from the breeding and contamination of the environment as a whole, ie soil, water and air . Mortality in poultry / pig farming is known to pose a health and environmental risk if dead animals are not disposed of properly.

Sick animals and dead animals can function as sources of infection. Dead animal carcasses, for example, require the farmer and / or farmer to make an extra effort to dispose of them. In such cases, it is necessary to eliminate all the bacteria and / or virus contracted by the animals, avoiding the propagation of the same. Therefore, the destruction of these animals, or in the case of their carcass, is an important practice.

Several techniques for disposal of such carcasses are known to those skilled in the art, such as burial, transportation for processing, composting, septic tank use, and incineration. However, each of these techniques has disadvantageous characteristics that end up compromising the safety of the process.

Incineration is an active process for the stabilization and elimination of hazardous material, converting organic matter to inorganic and eliminating any type of pathogenic organism.

Incineration is the most effective technique from the sanitary / environmental point of view, and in developed countries it is a recommended practice to replace the practice of burying corpses. However, the low availability of incinerators and the cost of the process make this practice little used.

Incinerators are usually fixed and are equipment that operate at high temperatures (between 1000 - 1300 ² C) and under controlled conditions. There are also mobile incinerators, which are adapted to be moved to the work area.

Currently, various types of incinerators are known to those skilled in the art, such as liquid injection, rotary kiln, fluidized bed, multi-stage furnace, among others.

An example of an animal incinerator found in the art is described in GB2349448. The described incinerator is a portable equipment, provided with locomotion assisting lugs, comprising a chamber for receiving only one pre-defined carcass and a chamber for firing. An exhaust system provided with a secondary burner to vaporize and release the gases from the combustion. However, it is noted that the equipment can not be classified as bio-insurance, since the gases are released directly by the firing chamber.

Document MU8302889-7 describes an incinerator comprising a cylindrical metal body, which combines the functions of combustion chamber and incineration chamber.

It has, however, only one compartment for combustion and incineration.

Although these various types of equipment are known, incinerators are still high-cost equipment, requiring specialized labor for operation, and there is enormous difficulty in controlling the operation, not minimizing the emission of smoke, the formation of which would be associated with incomplete burning of residues, as well as characteristic odors. In addition, other deficiencies are also found in the incinerators of the technique, such as low efficiency of the burning process, poor combustion in the burning of the animals, high temperature in the outside of the equipment, indicating heat loss to the external environment, among others.

In order to provide the technique of an incinerator capable of overcoming the problems currently encountered, the present invention discloses a safe combustion equipment under high temperatures.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new constructive arrangement applied to high temperature firing equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to an incinerator for slaughtering animals and / or disposing of animal carcasses. Preferably, the animals are of small and / or medium size. In addition, it makes possible the incineration of products and materials of organic origin that present biological risk, avoiding the spread of possible dangerous infectious agents, and making possible its use in several other areas. The new constructive arrangement applied to the incinerator allows the equipment to operate under a continuous or batch system, that the incineration process is monitored / controlled, without the production of odors, smoke or soot, favoring the preservation of the environment, contributing to biosafety and avoiding pollution of water, soil and air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the animal incinerator of the present invention.

Figure 2 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the batch firing system with piglets.

Figure 3 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the batch firing system with chickens.

Figure 4 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the continuous burning system with piglets.

Figure 5 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the continuous firing system with chickens.

Figure 6 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the atmospheric emissions test with piglets.

Figure 7 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for the atmospheric emissions test with broilers.

Figure 8 shows the graphical representation of the temperatures of chambers 1 and 2 for atmospheric emissions test with adult pigs

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a new constructive arrangement applied to a high temperature firing equipment. More specifically, the present invention relates to an incinerator for animal slaughter and / or disposal of animal carcasses.

The incinerator developed by the present invention does not produce odors, smoke or any kind of soot, enabling the incineration of animals soon after their death. In addition, the incinerator can be used to dispose of biohazard products; thus avoiding contamination of the environment and contributing to biosafety.

The present equipment allows the slaughter of diseased animals in order to prevent the proliferation of any type of virus or bacteria transmissible in the pig and / or poultry producing properties.

In addition, the present incinerator also makes it possible to incinerate organisms and materials of animal origin, avoiding the dissemination of possible dangerous infectious agents, and allowing its use in several other areas, such as sanitary inspection posts, airports, slaughterhouses, slaughterhouses, rural properties, clinics and / or hospitals, diagnostic laboratories, among others.

The new constructive arrangement applied to the incinerator allows the equipment to operate under a continuous or batch burning system, that the incineration process is monitored / controlled, favoring the preservation of the environment, avoiding the pollution of water, soil and air.

The incinerator of the present invention uses as its main fuel petroleum derivatives, vegetable derivatives and biogas. In a preferred embodiment of the present The fuel used is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

As with some equipment already known in the art, the present apparatus, which is the subject of the present invention, also uses the fat itself from the material incinerated during the firing process, as an auxiliary fuel, assisting in firing. This provides a reduction in main fuel consumption. This cycle occurs directly in the combustion zone now designed for the equipment of the present invention.

The equipment now referred to as the incinerator and developed by the present invention comprises a metal structure provided with an inner coating made of refractory material to prevent loss of heat to the external environment. Preferably, the refractory material is ceramic. To this end, the present incinerator is internally coated by a thermal insulation blanket, such as a ceramic blanket or refractory mortar.

The metal structure preferably consists of steel and cast iron sheets and the constructive arrangement of the present incinerator involves cutting, forming, deburring, drilling, stamping, threading, molding and casting activities. Such procedures will not be described in detail in this report as they are procedures common to those skilled in the art.

The internal conformation of the incinerator involved the techniques of cutting, welding, drilling, preparation of refractory concrete, refractory brick laying and coating with refractory mortar. Since said internal conformation is the refractory material is worked in such a way as to draw the details of the concrete, for which it is necessary to use handcrafted processes.

The present invention will be better understood by way of the following description accompanying the accompanying Figure, the subject matter not limiting the present embodiment. Those skilled in the art understand that variations of the invention are contemplated and acceptable.

The constructive arrangement of the incinerator of the present invention comprises:

- a metal body (11);

- at least one antechamber (3);

- at least one first chamber (7);

- at least one second chamber (13);

- at least one combustion zone (9);

- at least two burners. _. (10);

- at least one fuel tank; and

- at least one flow meter.

In a preferred embodiment, the metal body is substantially oblong. The antechamber (3) installed in the present incinerator comprises an improvement to incinerators known to those skilled in the art.

Said antechamber (3) is provided with a door (1) on its upper surface for feeding and / or refilling the incinerator with the charge material to be incinerated, a cover device such as a cover, not shown in the Figure accompanied by this report, a guillotine (4) to facilitate the entry of the material to be incinerated and an extractor (2).

The lid of the antechamber (3) is provided with an aperture suitably covered by a transparent material and sealed by means known to those skilled in the art, which functions as a display, so that process operators can more easily monitor / control the burn, and better define, among other parameters, the time to refuel the incinerator with the charge to be burned when performing, for example, a continuous firing procedure. For a preferred embodiment of the present invention, refueling should be performed when about 2/3 of the previous cargo volume has already been burned.

The presence of the antechamber (3) in the incinerator avoids the contact of the first chamber (7) with the external medium, not allowing the combustion gases to exit the environment at the time of opening of the loading lid, facilitating the entry of the material to be incinerated.

The antechamber (3) is positioned in the upper part of the first chamber (7) by means of procedures customary by those skilled in the art.

As the incinerator is fed with the charge to be burned, the pendulum guillotine (4) efficiently cuts the incinerator by reducing the volume and providing a more effective burning of the material.

The first chamber (7) preferably has a substantially cylindrical geometric shape, is internally provided with a grid-like support device (8) for holding the material to be incinerated, has a double stage burner (10) with a capacity of 60,000 to 200,000 kcal / h installed below the grate (8). The first chamber (7) allows a primary burning of the material and operates at a minimum temperature of approximately 800 ° C. The main fuel flow, which may be the LPG, is suitably adjusted so that the temperature inside the first chamber

(7) is greater than about 800 ^to C, in addition to being constant.

The residual ash generated in the first chamber (7) is stored in the ash receiver, located below the grate

(8) and is provided with at least one drawer type opening for releasing the ashes. The ashes generated are rich in minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, magnesium among others and can be intended for use as soil fertilizers.

The second chamber 13 is also called the firing chamber of the volatile and particulate residues.

Preferably, the internal volume of said second chamber (13) is smaller than that of the first chamber (7). This volume reduction provides uniformity of temperature at all of the sealing points of the incinerator now object of the present embodiment, which avoids the leakage of smoke into the external environment.

The second chamber (13) is provided with a substantially cyclone geometric shape and promotes the burning of the toxic gases / smoke produced in the first chamber (7), as well as the precipitation of the solid particles. The second chamber (13) is provided with at least one burner (10), preferably of single stage with a capacity of 50,000 to 300,000 kcal / h, preferably 100,000 to 200,000 kcal / h. The operating temperature of the second chamber is at least about 1000 ^S C.

In the lower portion of the second chamber (13) there is arranged an area for precipitation of the solid particles (12).

Between the first chamber (7) and the second chamber (13) an inner coating layer (6) and a layer of the insulation mat (5) are suitably disposed in order to improve the burning efficiency.

Disposed inside the second chamber (13) is the inlet opening (14) of the gases in the chimney. The portion of the chimney disposed within the second chamber 13 and propagating to the outside thereof is coated with refractory material and thermal insulation blanket 5. However, it has a second portion, i.e., the end portion (16) free from any type of gas release coating.

To the incinerator herein object, a fuel tank, not shown in the Figure accompanying the present report, has been installed. In a preferred embodiment, said reservoir has a capacity of about 4,000 kg. However, fuel reservoirs with other capacities may be used by the present invention, provided the proportionality of the equipment is observed. The installation of the fuel tank is aimed at raising the fuel gas pressure and eliminating the problem of freezing the gas supply line.

In addition, a gas consumption measuring instrument was further installed in the incinerator, more specifically, in the upper portion of the antechamber (3) to allow flow control and consequently gas consumption during the firing procedure.

After burning of the volatile residues, the waste gases are destined for the chimney inlet opening (14) and expelled into the atmosphere.

The waste generated in the incineration is small quantities of ash, sterile and rich in nutrients, and can be used as fertilizer in the soil. The atmospheric emissions of CO ₂ , CO, particulate material, HCl, HF, SOx, NOx, dioxins and furans, showed levels according to the limits established by Brazilian environmental legislation.

In an alternative, the incinerator is effective for the disposal of dead animals, preventing the spread of infectious biological agents, not generating residues that can negatively impact the environment.

An advantageous feature of the present invention is that during the firing procedure there is no release of smoke into the atmosphere.

The new constructive arrangement applied to the equipment of the present invention allows an optimization of the burning procedure causing it to occur more quickly and efficiently. In a preferred embodiment, the charge for burning is about 45 to 60 kg of dead animals / hour.

For a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incinerator operates in a batch system with a filler, for example, of piglets, has the load capacity of approximately 45kg. Under these conditions, the burning time is about 50 minutes, with an LPG consumption of approximately 4.54 m ³ / load, or 0.110 m ³ / kg of piglet.

For another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incinerator operating in a batch system with a filler, for example, of chickens, has the carrying capacity of approximately 31kg. Under these conditions, the burning time is about 40 minutes, with an LPG consumption of approximately 3.52 m ³ / load, or 0.113 m ³ / kg of chicken.

For another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incinerator operates in a continuous burning system with a filler, e.g. of piglets, with a successive feed system of 30.9 kg every 40 minutes, has a capacity of approximately 46 , 3kg / hour with an LPG intake of approximately 5.01 m ³ / load, or 0.108 m ³ / kg of piglet.

For a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the incinerator operates in a continuous firing system with a load, eg of chickens, with a successive feed system of 31.5 kg every 30 minutes, has the capacity of approximately 63, Okg / hour, with an LPG consumption of approximately 5.32 m ³ / load, or 0.084 m ³ / kg of chicken.

In order that the invention may be better understood, the following will be detailed in the form of examples. However, the examples described herein are purely illustrative in character and do not become limiting forms of the invention.

A total of 7 burn tests involving pigs and / or dead birds were carried out in order to evaluate the operational parameters of the incinerator and the quality of the atmospheric and residual emissions of the incineration process.

Example 1. General considerations on the burning tests for the final evaluation of the incinerator.

The fuel used to feed the incinerator burners in chambers 1 and 2 was liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), with flow adjusted to maintain temperatures, above 800 ° C in chamber 1, for burning of the animals and above 1000 ° C in chamber 2 for burning the gases / fumes produced in chamber 1.

The dead animals, piglets and adult pigs, submitted to the burning tests, were purchased from farms, considering animals discarded from the respective herds, due to the occurrence of problems of different nature.

The dead birds submitted to the burn tests were acquired in an agroindustry, from the slaughter of broilers, which is observed as a result of their transport, from the farm to the slaughterhouse.

The transport of these dead animals, from the production farm, in the case of adult piglets and pigs, and from the refrigerator in the case of chickens to the testing laboratory was carried out by means of a vehicle (car) with characteristics appropriate to this goal. The time to transport these animals was less than 1 hour, which contributed, operationally, avoiding the presence of foul smells during the burning tests, which were carried out immediately after receiving the animals in the test laboratory. Thus, there was no need for refrigeration / freezing of the animals.

Example 2. Final evaluation of the incinerator in the batch-burning system with swine and birds

Two firing tests were carried out, one with piglets and the other with broilers, with the purpose of evaluating the incinerator's performance in the batch firing system.

The tests with the batch burning system consisted in subjecting to the incineration process a single load with approximately 30 kg of dead animals (piglets and chickens), until complete burning of the load. Three replicates were used for the test with piglets and 6 replicates for the chicken test.

In order to evaluate the performance of the incinerator during the firing tests of the batch animals, the following parameters were considered: temperature of chambers 1 and 2, measured every 10 minutes (thermocouple); emission of smoke at the exit of the chimney, visually checked every 5 minutes; time of incineration to complete burning of the load with 30 kg, visual status of burning every 10 minutes and consumption of LPG.

Results

The performance results of the incinerator for batch firing system tests with piglets and broilers are presented in Table 1, Figure 2 and Table 2, Figure 3, respectively. It can be seen in Tables 1 and 2 that the temperatures of the chambers remained above 800 ° C, remaining stable throughout the burning period. Figures 2 and 3 show the compliance of this parameter with the environmental legislation in force in Brazil, which establishes temperatures not lower than 800 ° C, when the waste heat treatment process.

In the case of piglets, it can be seen in Table 1 that the average weight of the load was 41.3 kg and the time for complete burning of that load was 50 minutes, resulting in a consumption of 4.54 m ³ / load of GLP of piglets or 0.110 m ³ / kg of piglets. While in the case of chickens the average weight of the load was 31.0 kg and the time for complete burning of that load was 40 minutes, resulting in an LPG consumption of 3.52 m ³ / chicken load or 0.113 m ³ / kg of chicken, as shown in Table 2.

Table 1. Mean values of the incinerator performance parameters for the batch firing system with piglets Parameter Mean ± standard error

Temperature in chamber 1 (° C) 831 ± 17

Temperature in chamber 2 (° C) 1029 ± 12

Resolution No. 316/2002, CONAMA, Chambers 1> 800

and 2 (° C)

Average weight of piglet load (kg) 41.3 ± 2.7

Charging time (min.) 50

Gas consumption (m ³ / piglet load) 4, 54

Gas consumption (m ³ / kg of piglet) 0, 110

Smoke from the chimney No Table 2. Mean values of the incinerator performance parameters for the broiler batch system

Parameter Mean ± standard error

Temperature in chamber 1 (° C) 831 ± 12

Temperature in chamber 2 (° C) 1068 ± 13

Resolution No. 316/2002, CONAMA, Chambers 1 and 800

2 (° C)

Average weight of chicken load (kg) 31.0

Charging time (min) 40

Gas consumption (m ³ / chicken load) 3.52

Gas consumption (m ³ / kg of chicken) 0, 113

Smoke from the chimney No

Example 3. Final evaluation of the incinerator in the continuous flaring system with swine and birds

Two burn tests were carried out, one with piglets and the other with chickens, with the objective of evaluating the incinerator performance in the continuous burning system.

The system of continuous burning consisted of the incineration of successive loads of dead animals, with each load corresponding to 30 kg of piglets or chickens. The time for replenishing the incinerator between two successive loads was defined by the visual status corresponding to 2/3 of the previous charge volume. Each test, piglets and chickens, had a duration of approximately 6 hours of uninterrupted burning.

In order to evaluate the performance of the incinerator in the continuous burning system, the following parameters were considered: temperature of chambers 1 and 2, measured every 10 minutes; emission of smoke at the exit of the chimney, visually checked every 5 minutes; incinerator refueling time with successive loads of 30 kg, visual burning status; burning performance and LPG consumption.

Results

The incinerator performance results for tests in the continuous-combustion system with piglets and broilers are presented in Table 3, Figure 4 and Table 4, Figure 5, respectively.

It can be observed in Tables 3 and 4 that the temperatures of the chambers remained above 800 ° C, remaining stable throughout the burning period, Figures 4 and 5, demonstrating the conformity of temperatures with the current Brazilian environmental legislation (Resolution CONAMA No. 316 (2002)), which establishes temperatures of not less than 800 ° C, for a waste heat treatment process.

In the case of piglets, as seen in Table 3, the average weight of the load was 30.9 kg and the refueling time of the incinerator was 40 minutes, resulting in a burning efficiency of 46.3 kg / hr and in an LPG consumption of 5, 01 m ³ / hour or 0, 108 m ³ / kg of piglet.

While in the case of chickens the average weight of the load was 31.5 kg and the refueling time of the incinerator was 30 minutes, resulting in a burning yield of 63.0 kg / hour and a GLP consumption of 5 , 32 m ³ / hour or 0.084 m ³ / kg of chicken, as shown in Table 4. Table 3. Mean values of the incinerator performance parameters for the continuous burning system with piglets

Parameter Mean ± standard error

Temperature in the chamber 1 820 ± 2

Temperature in chamber 2 1047 ± 6

Resolution No. 316/2002, CONAMA, Chambers 1> 800

and 2 (° C)

Average weight of the piglet load (kg) 30.9

Replenishment time (min) 40

Yield of burning (kg / hour) 46.3

Gas consumption (m ³ / hour) 5, 01

Gas consumption (m ³ / kg of suckling pig) 0, 108

Total loads (kg) 556

Smoke from the chimney No

Table 4. Mean values of incinerator performance parameters for the continuous-firing system with broilers

Parameter Mean ± standard error

Temperature in the chamber 1 826 ± 4

Temperature in the chamber 2 1040 ± 4

Resolution No. 316/2002, CONAMA, Chambers 1 and> 800

2 (° C)

Average weight of chicken load (kg) 31.5

Replenishment time (min) 30

Yield of burning (kg / hr) 63.0

Gas consumption (m ³ / hour) 5, 32

Gas consumption (m ³ / kg of chicken) 0, 084

Total loads (kg) 725

Smoke from the chimney No Example 4. Final assessment of the atmospheric and residual emissions of the incinerator

Three firing tests were carried out to evaluate the atmospheric and residual emissions of the incinerator.

The three tests were conducted from October 6 to 10, 2008. Each test involved one of the following categories of animals: adult piglets, chickens and pigs. It was adopted the system of continuous burning with duration of 18 hours uninterrupted. The incinerator was supplied with successive loads of approximately 30 kg, considering the respective animal category. For replenishment of the incinerator, between two successive loads, the 50-minute test times for piglets and adult pigs and 45 minutes for the chicken test were considered.

At the end of each burn test the% of residual ash was determined, as well as the composition of minerals in the respective ashes. (N), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe).

Samples of the air emissions of the incinerator were collected in triplicate using specific collectors and sent to a specialized laboratory to determine the emissions profile. According to the environmental legislation in force in Brazil (CONAMA Resolution No. 316, 2002), the emissions of the following constituents were determined:

1 - Carbon dioxide (C0 _2);

2 - Carbon monoxide (CO); 3 - Particulate matter (MP);

4 - Hydrochloric acid (HCl);

5 - Hydrofluoric acid (HF);

6 - Sulfur oxides (SO _x );

7 - Nitrogen oxides (NO _x ); and

8 - Dioxins and furans;

Results

Table 5 shows the total weights of the loads of the animals incinerated and the respective ash weights, smoke emissions by the chimney and ash percentages.

Table 5. Total weights of incinerated animal loads and respective ash weights, smoke emissions and ash percentages.

Category of Total Weight of Total Emission Weight% of animal loads (kg) ash (kg) of smoke Ash

Piglets 490 12.95 No 2,64 Chickens 699 15,95 No 2,28

Adult swine 497 20, 15 No; 4.05

Figures 6, 7 and 8 illustrate the temperatures of Chambers 1 and 2 for atmospheric emissions tests with adult piglets, chickens and pigs, respectively. It is observed in these figures that the temperatures remained above 800 ° C and remained stable throughout the test period.

The results of the analysis of minerals in the ashes of piglets, broilers and adult pigs are presented in Table 8. The high levels of calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and magnesium are indicated, indicating that the ash presents potential for use as fertilizer of alone Table 8. Results of mineral analyzes in the ashes of pigs, broilers and pigs: nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mn), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and iron (Fe)

Minerals

Cxnza

N Ca P Na K Mg Mn Zn Cu Fe

Levia 0, 02 24, 6 16, 5 2.23 3.43 0, 90 0, 0.00 0, 06 0.00 0, 69 s 8 2 6 2 3

Chicken 0, 07 20.2 16, 1 3, 55 6.39 1, 12 0, 00 0, 05 0, 00 1.43 s 5 9 7 5 4

Pigs 0, 01 27, 2 16, 2 1.71 2, 77 0.75 0, 00 0, 03 0, 0, 54

6 9 4 9 2 The results of the analyzes of the incinerator's atmospheric emissions and the respective limits established by the legislation are presented in Tables 9 and 10. For each category of animal considered, it is observed in Tables 9 and 10 that the contents of the constituents of the emissions from the incinerator, are generally below the respective limit values established by the environmental legislation in force in Brazil (RESOLUTION No. 316/2002, CONAMA or RESOLUTION No. 054/2006, SEMA).

Table 9. Results of analysis of constituents of air emissions: carbon dioxide (C0 _2), oxygen (0 _2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen (N _2), particulate matter and hydrochloric acid (HCL) as a function of the animal category considered in the burning tests

Constituents of atmospheric emissions

C0 ₂ or ₂ Material HCL

Category {% basis (% particulate CO basis (mg / Nm ³ dry animal) dry) (% basis (% basis (mg / Nm ³ by 7% 0 _2, dry) Dry) 7¾0 ₂ / BASE

dry)) ³

Piglets 1 7.8 9.1 0.0 83, 1 30.5 27, 193

Piglets 2 9.5 8.0 0.0 82.5 24.9 9 18.399

Piglets 3 7.8 9.0 0.0 83.2 31.8 30.053

...

Mean 8.4 8.7 0.0 82.9 29.0 28.70

Chickens 1 8.8 7.6 0.0 83, 6 38, 8 50, 547

Chickens 2 8.1 8.7 0.0 83.2 40.2 50.349

Chickens 3 7.6 9.4 0.0 83.0 43.4 78.545

Mean 8.2 8.6 0.0 11 82.3 40.8 67.351

Pigs 1 10.8 7.5 0.0 81.7 40.2 60.064

Pigs 2 10.6 9.1 0.0 80.3 26.3 56.778

Pigs 3 10.4 9.2 0.0 80.4 36.0 61.393

Limit - - - - 70 ¹ 80 ¹ limit established by RESOLUTION No. 316/2002, CONAMA;

² The mean and limit values are corrected to 7% of 0 ₂ . Table 10. Results of analysis of constituents of air emissions: hydrofluoric acid (HF), sulfur oxides (S0 _2), nitrogen oxides (N0 _2), dioxins / furans, depending on animal type considered in the burning tests

Constituents of atmospheric emissions

so ₂ N0 ₂

Category HF Dioxins / fura

(mg / Nm ³ , (mg / Nm ³ ,

animal (mg / Nm, 7% 0 ₂ , in the X-content

7% 0 ₂ , base 7¾0 ₂ , base

dry basis) TEC (ng / Nm ³ ) dry) ² dry) ²

Piglets 1 1, 091 62,045 54, 986, 0154

Piglets 2 0, 978 125, 190 64,487 0, 0191

Piglets 3 0.768 108.804 62.988 0, 0152

Piglets 4 - - 76, 981 -

Mean 1.076 112.318ff 73.825 0.0166

Chickens 1 0, 859 204, 278 16, 170 0, 0254

Chickens 2 0, 993 198, 903 22, 549-0, 0594

Chickens 3 0.266 191.487 10.729 0.0210

Chickens 4 - - 38,550 -

Average 0.795 223.200 24.771 0.0353

Pigs 1 0, 095 91, 171 65, 521 0, 0111

Pigs 2 0, 097 142,209 77,362 0, 0077

Pigs 30.09 96.816 79.620 0.0048

Pigs 4 - - 86,391 -

Mean 0, 102 Ile 124,267 I SIll 87,188 0.0079

Limit 5 ¹ 280 ¹ 570 ¹ 0, 50 ³

¹ Limit established by RESOLUTION No. 316/2002, CONAMA;

² The mean and limit values are corrected to 7% of 0 ₂ ;

³ Limit established by RESOLUTION No. 054/2006, SEMA. The invention described herein is not limited to such an embodiment, and those skilled in the art will realize that any particular feature introduced therein is to be understood only as something that has been described for ease of understanding and has been performed without departing from the inventive concept described.

Claims

Burning equipment under high temperatures characterized in that it comprises:

- a metal body (11);

- at least one antechamber (3);

- at least one first chamber (7);

- at least one second chamber (13);

- at least one combustion zone (9);

- at least two burners (10);

- at least one fuel tank; and

- at least one flow meter.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used to incinerate animals and / or to eliminate animal carcasses.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it incinerates products and materials of organic origin which present a biological risk.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it operates under a continuous firing system.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1 characterized by operating under a batch firing system.

Biosecure equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used in swine and poultry.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the main fuels are petroleum derivatives, vegetable derivatives and biogas.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that the liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is used as fuel.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that it is used in health checkpoints, airports, slaughterhouses, slaughterhouses, rural properties, clinics, hospitals, diagnostic laboratories, among others.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the charge capacity for burning is from about 45 to 60 kg of dead animals per hour.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the own fat from the material incinerated during the firing process is used as an auxiliary fuel.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the antechamber is positioned in the upper part of the first chamber, is provided with a door on its upper surface, a cover device provided with a display, a pendulum guillotine and a hood.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the first chamber has a substantially cylindrical geometric shape, is internally provided with a holding device, has a burner installed below the grate and operates with a minimum temperature of approximately 800 ° C.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion zone is provided with a door-type opening, and the first firing chamber is connected by means of a through duct.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the second chamber has a volume which is smaller than that of the first chamber, is provided with a burner, is provided with a substantially cyclone geometric shape, promotes the burning of the toxic gases produced in the first chamber and the operating temperature is at least about 1000 ^a C.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that an area for the precipitation of the solid particles is arranged in the lower portion of the second chamber.

Biosafety equipment according to claim

1, characterized in that the generated residual ash is stored in the ash receiver, located in the lower portion of the incinerator and provided with at least one drawer type opening.

Biosafety equipment according to claim

1, characterized in that an inner liner layer and a layer of the insulation blanket are properly disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber.

Biosafety equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlet opening of the gases in the chimney is arranged inside the second chamber and has a portion covered by refractory material, thermal insulation blanket and a terminal portion free of any type of coating.

Biosafety equipment according to claim

1, characterized in that the fuel tank has a capacity of about 4,000 kg and is installed near the combustion zone door.

Biosafety equipment according to claim characterized in that a consumption measuring instrument is installed in the upper portion of the antechamber.