WO2010128640A1 - ステレオ画像取得装置 - Google Patents
ステレオ画像取得装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010128640A1 WO2010128640A1 PCT/JP2010/057561 JP2010057561W WO2010128640A1 WO 2010128640 A1 WO2010128640 A1 WO 2010128640A1 JP 2010057561 W JP2010057561 W JP 2010057561W WO 2010128640 A1 WO2010128640 A1 WO 2010128640A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
- G01C11/04—Interpretation of pictures
- G01C11/06—Interpretation of pictures by comparison of two or more pictures of the same area
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
- H04N13/189—Recording image signals; Reproducing recorded image signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/20—Image signal generators
- H04N13/296—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N5/00—Details of television systems
- H04N5/76—Television signal recording
- H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
- H04N5/77—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television camera
- H04N5/772—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television camera the recording apparatus and the television camera being placed in the same enclosure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
- H04N9/79—Processing of colour television signals in connection with recording
- H04N9/80—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
- H04N9/804—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components
- H04N9/8042—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving pulse code modulation of the colour picture signal components involving data reduction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N2013/0074—Stereoscopic image analysis
- H04N2013/0081—Depth or disparity estimation from stereoscopic image signals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stereo image acquisition device, and more particularly to a stereo image acquisition device suitable for in-vehicle use.
- a drive recorder is a device that records images before and after an accident, and can be used to analyze the cause of the accident. For example, by viewing a video recorded at the time of a car-to-car collision, it is possible to determine to some extent whether the vehicle is responsible or responsible for other vehicles.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method capable of recording a long-time image and quickly reproducing a desired image by compressing image information and recording it in a randomly accessible recording unit. ing.
- Patent Document 2 in an operation management device that uses an image of a drive recorder or the like for training of a driver or the like, if the driving data reaches a dangerous level during the reproduction of an accident image or the like, the image reproduction is slow reproduced. It shows how to make it easier to understand the situation at the time of the accident by switching to.
- Patent Document 3 a three-dimensional object existing in a monitoring area is extracted using a pair of images captured in a time series by a stereo camera, and a three-dimensional movement of the three-dimensional object is calculated to obtain a monitoring area.
- a method of detecting a moving object within is shown.
- the purpose of Patent Document 3 is to avoid a collision with a moving object by detecting a moving object in front of the host vehicle, and is mentioned to record an image like the drive recorder described above. Absent.
- Patent Document 4 in a vehicle traveling state storage device that records an image obtained by an imaging device that captures the periphery of a traveling vehicle, there is an object in a window area provided in the image.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and can record high-quality stereo images and acquire highly accurate distance information, and does not require expensive storage media or expensive electronic circuits, and is inexpensive stereo.
- An object is to provide an image acquisition device.
- the object of the present invention can be achieved by the following configuration.
- a camera unit having at least two cameras: a standard camera that captures a standard image of a stereo image; and a reference camera that captures a reference image of a stereo image;
- a recording unit for recording image data captured by the camera unit as saved data;
- a control unit for controlling the operation of the camera unit and the recording unit,
- a stereo image acquisition device that is mounted on a vehicle and acquires a stereo image around the vehicle,
- a frame rate determining unit that determines a frame rate of the stored data to be recorded in the recording unit;
- a reference data generation unit that generates reference data based on the first frame rate determined by the frame rate determination unit from the reference image captured by the reference camera;
- Reference data is generated from the reference image captured by the reference camera based on a second frame rate that is the same as or lower than the first frame rate determined by the frame rate determination unit.
- the frame rate determining unit dynamically determines the second frame rate depending on the situation of the vehicle and the surroundings of the vehicle at the time of imaging by the camera unit
- the recording unit is A stereo image acquisition apparatus that records the reference data generated by the reference data generation unit and the reference data generated by the reference data generation unit as the stored data.
- the stereo image acquisition apparatus dynamically determines the second frame rate based on any one of the following conditions or a combination of a plurality of conditions: .
- the reference data generation unit Based on the second frame rate, the reference data is generated without being compressed or subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate, A second image compressed at a compression rate higher than the compression rate of the reference data using the reference image at a timing synchronized with the first frame rate among the reference images not used for generating the reference data.
- the recording unit is 3.
- the stereo image acquisition apparatus according to 1 or 2, wherein the reference data, the reference data, and the second reference data are recorded as the stored data.
- reference data is generated and recorded from an image captured by the reference camera based on the first frame rate, and is dependent on the situation at the time of imaging of the vehicle and its surroundings from the image captured by the reference camera.
- a high-quality stereo image can be recorded.
- a highly accurate distance information can be acquired, and an inexpensive stereo image acquisition device can be provided without requiring an expensive storage medium or an expensive electronic circuit.
- FIG. 1 shows the configuration of the first embodiment of the stereo image acquisition device according to the present invention.
- the stereo image acquisition device 1 includes a camera unit 11, a recording unit 13, a control unit 15, a sensor unit 17, a data generation unit 19, and the like.
- the camera unit 11 includes at least two cameras such as a standard camera 111 and a reference camera 112.
- the reference camera 111 and the reference camera 112 are arranged apart from each other by a predetermined baseline length D, and distance information can be acquired from a stereo image.
- the reference image 111 is output from the reference camera 111 and the reference image Ir is output from the reference camera 112 at a predetermined frame rate FR0.
- the recording unit 13 is composed of, for example, a hard disk or a semiconductor memory, and records reference data Db and reference data Dr, which will be described later, in accordance with a recording control signal RCS from a recording control unit 152, which will be described later. Data Dr2 is also recorded.
- the control unit 15 includes a camera control unit 151, a recording control unit 152, a frame rate determination unit 153, and the like.
- Each unit of the control unit 13 may be configured by hardware, or the function thereof may be realized using a microcomputer and software.
- the camera control unit 151 outputs a camera control signal CCS for synchronizing the imaging operations of the base camera 111 and the reference camera 112.
- the recording control unit 152 controls the recording operation of the recording unit 13 by outputting a recording control signal RCS according to the frame rate determined by the frame rate determining unit 153 described later.
- the frame rate determining unit 153 generates and records reference data Db by thinning out the reference image Ib captured by the reference camera 111 at a predetermined frame rate FR0 in synchronization with the camera control signal CCS from the camera control unit 151.
- the first frame rate FR1 to be determined is determined and output to the data generation unit 19.
- the frame rate determination unit 153 generates reference data Dr by thinning out the reference image Ir captured by the reference camera 112 at a predetermined frame rate FR0 in synchronization with the camera control signal CCS from the camera control unit 151.
- the second frame rate FR2 that is the same as the first frame rate FR1 or lower than the first frame rate FR1 for recording is determined and output to the data generation unit 19. A method of determining the first frame rate FR1 and the second frame rate FR2 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the sensor unit 17 is a sensor such as a vehicle speed sensor 171 that detects the speed of a vehicle (hereinafter referred to as the host vehicle) on which the stereo image acquisition device 1 is mounted, and a steering angle sensor 172 that detects an operation state of the steering wheel of the host vehicle. It is configured.
- the vehicle speed signal SS that is the output of the vehicle speed sensor 171 and the steering angle signal HS that is the output of the steering angle sensor 172 are input to the frame rate determination unit 153 and reflected in the determination of the second frame rate FR2.
- an operation state of the steering wheel of the host vehicle may be detected by detecting acceleration in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction of the host vehicle using an acceleration sensor.
- the data generation unit 19 includes a standard data generation unit 191 and a reference data generation unit 192. Each part of the data generation part 19 may be comprised with hardware, and you may implement
- the reference data generation unit 191 generates reference data Db by thinning out the reference image Ib of the reference camera 111 at the first frame rate FR1, and remains uncompressed or is subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate, and is recorded. To the unit 13.
- the compression process with a low compression rate is preferably a reversible compression process.
- the reference image Ib thinned out at the first frame rate FR1 is discarded.
- the reference data generation unit 192 generates the reference data Dr by thinning out the reference image Ir of the reference camera 112 at the second frame rate FR2 and maintaining the uncompressed or low compression rate compression process. And output to the recording unit 13.
- the compression process with a low compression rate is preferably a reversible compression process.
- the reference image Ir thinned out at the second frame rate FR2 is discarded or subjected to the following processing as necessary.
- the reference data generation unit 192 performs high compression on the reference image Ir thinned out at the timing synchronized with the first frame rate FR1 among the reference images Ir thinned out at the second frame rate FR2.
- the second reference data Dr2 is generated by performing the rate compression process, and is output to the recording unit 13.
- the compression process with a high compression rate may be an irreversible compression process.
- the reference image Ir that has not been used to generate the reference data Dr and the second reference data Dr2 is discarded.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the frame rate determining unit 153.
- the frame rate determination unit 153 includes a first frame rate determination unit 1531, a second frame rate determination unit 1532, a parallax change amount calculation unit 1533, an optical flow change amount calculation unit 1534, and the like.
- Each unit of the frame rate determining unit 153 may be configured by hardware, or the function thereof may be realized using a microcomputer and software.
- the first frame rate determining unit 1531 determines the first frame rate FR1.
- the second frame rate determining unit 1532 determines the second frame rate FR2.
- the second frame rate FR2 is determined at the same rate as the first frame rate FR1 or lower than the first frame rate FR1 depending on the situation of the host vehicle and the surroundings of the host vehicle. As circumstances change, they change dynamically.
- the second frame rate determination unit 1532 receives a vehicle speed signal SS that is an output of the vehicle speed sensor 171 and a steering angle signal HS that is an output of the steering angle sensor 172, which indicate the state of the host vehicle.
- the base image Ib and the reference image Ir are input to the parallax change amount calculation unit 1533, the parallax change amount calculation unit 1533 calculates the parallax change amount, and the parallax change amount signal Pr is input to the second frame rate determination unit 1532. Entered.
- the base image Ib and the reference image Ir are input to the optical flow change amount calculation unit 1534, the optical flow change amount calculation unit 1534 calculates the change amount of the optical flow, and the optical flow change amount signal Of is generated in the second frame. This is input to the rate determination unit 1532.
- the parallax change amount signal Pr and the optical flow change amount signal Of are signals indicating the situation around the host vehicle.
- the second frame rate determination unit 1532 is based on any one or a combination of a plurality of signals of the vehicle speed signal SS, the steering angle signal HS, the parallax change amount signal Pr, and the optical flow change amount signal Of described above.
- the second frame rate FR2 is determined and dynamically changed.
- the parallax is the amount of deviation of the position on the screen between the reference image Ir and the reference image Ir where the same subject exists, and the parallax is proportional to the reciprocal of the distance to the subject. The closer the distance is, the farther the parallax is.
- the distance to the subject can be calculated from the base line length D between the standard camera 111 and the reference camera 112, the focal lengths of the imaging lenses of the standard camera 111 and the reference camera 112, and the parallax value.
- the parallax change amount is the temporal change amount of the parallax described above.
- the parallax change is 0 (zero) or small, there is no change in the distance from the subject or the change is small.
- the parallax changes in the direction in which the parallax increases the distance to the subject is short, and when the parallax changes in the direction in which the parallax decreases, the distance from the subject is long.
- the distance to the subject that is, the vehicle, the person in front, the obstacle, etc. does not change or is far away. That is, the possibility of collision with the subject is low.
- the parallax change in the direction of increasing it means that the distance to the subject is approaching, that is, the danger of collision with the subject is imminent.
- the parallax change amount signal Pr it is possible to know the change in the distance between the vehicle and the subject without calculating the distance to the subject.
- the optical flow is a vector indicating how the position of the subject has changed in time in the captured image.
- the three-dimensional optical flow not only the change in the traveling direction of the vehicle such as the distance to the subject indicated by the above-described amount of change in parallax but also the progression of the vehicle such as an interruption from the side lane, for example. It is also possible to detect changes in the surroundings of the vehicle including changes in the direction perpendicular to the direction, and the changes in the surroundings of the vehicle can be reflected more.
- the second frame rate determination unit 1532 is one of the four signals, the vehicle speed signal SS, the steering angle signal HS, the parallax change amount signal Pr, and the optical flow change amount signal Of described above. Based on a combination of one or more signals, the second frame rate FR2 is determined and dynamically changed.
- the host vehicle and the surroundings of the host vehicle are classified into two states, a normal state CS1 and a recording required state CS2, and the second frame rate FR2 is determined in each state.
- Vehicle speed signal SS Running at a constant speed or acceleration / deceleration within a predetermined range
- Steering angle signal HS Straight ahead or steering angle within a predetermined range
- Parallax change amount signal Pr 0 (zero) or smaller, or changing in a direction in which parallax is reduced
- the second frame rate FR2 is set to 1 ⁇ 2 of 7.5 fps.
- one frame out of four frames of the reference image Ir captured by the reference camera 112 is used to generate the reference data Dr.
- the vehicle speed signal SS the vehicle speed signal SS
- the steering angle signal HS the parallax change amount signal Pr
- the optical flow change amount signal Of it is also possible to use any one or a combination of four signals. For example, if only the vehicle speed signal SS is used and the vehicle speed signal SS indicates constant speed running or acceleration / deceleration within a predetermined range, it is determined as the normal state CS1, and if it indicates acceleration / deceleration exceeding the predetermined range, recording is required. It can also be determined that the state is CS2.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the data generation unit 19
- FIG. 3A shows the configuration of the reference data generation unit 191
- FIG. 3B shows the configuration of the reference data generation unit 192.
- the reference data generation unit 191 includes a reference thinning unit 1911, a low compression rate compression unit 1912, and the like. Each unit of the reference data generation unit 191 may be configured by hardware, or the function thereof may be realized using a microcomputer and software.
- a reference image Ib captured by the reference camera 111 at a predetermined frame rate FR0 (for example, 30 fps) is input to the reference thinning unit 1911.
- the reference decimation unit 1911 generates a reference decimation image Ib1 by decimation of the reference image Ib according to the first frame rate FR1 (for example, 15 fps) determined by the frame rate determination unit 153.
- An image of a frame that has not been used to generate the reference thinned image Ib1 is discarded.
- the reference thinned image Ib1 is subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate by the low compression rate compression unit 1912 and output from the reference data generation unit 191 as reference data Db. Note that the reference thinned image Ib1 may be output as the reference data Db without being subjected to compression processing and remaining uncompressed.
- the reference data generation unit 192 includes a reference thinning unit 1921, a low compression rate compression unit 1922, a high compression rate compression unit 1923, and the like.
- Each unit of the reference data generation unit 192 may be configured by hardware, or the function thereof may be realized using a microcomputer and software.
- the reference image Ir captured by the reference camera 112 at a predetermined frame rate FR0 (for example, 30 fps) is input to the reference thinning unit 1921.
- the reference decimation unit 1921 decimates the reference image Ir according to the second frame rate FR2 (for example, 7.5 fps) determined by the frame rate determination unit 153, and generates and outputs a first reference decimation image Ir1.
- the first reference thinned image Ir1 is subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate by the low compression rate compression unit 1922, and is output from the reference data generation unit 192 as reference data Dr. Note that the first reference thinned image Ir1 may be output as reference data Dr without being subjected to compression processing and being uncompressed.
- the image of the frame synchronized with the first frame rate FR1 (for example, 15 fps) determined by the frame rate determination unit 153 is the second reference decimation image. It is input to the high compression ratio compression unit 1923 as Ir2, subjected to high compression ratio compression processing, and output as second reference data Dr2. Images of frames that are not used to generate the first reference thinned image Ir1 and the second reference thinned image Ir2 are discarded.
- the generation of the second reference data Dr2 is not essential and may be omitted.
- the high compression rate compression process performed by the high compression rate compression unit 1923 may be an irreversible compression process.
- the second reference data Dr2 is generated by using the image of the frame synchronized with the first frame rate FR1 among the images of the frame that was not used for the generation of the first reference thinned image Ir1, thereby increasing the Although it is inferior in accuracy because it is compressed at the compression rate, it is possible to perform a distance calculation using a stereo image using the second reference data Dr2, which can lead to a more accurate analysis of the cause of the accident.
- the increase in the amount of recording data due to the recording of the second reference data Dr2 is slight because it is compressed at a high compression rate.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the reference data Db and the reference data Dr in the normal state CS1 described above.
- the first frame rate FR1 is 1/2 of the predetermined frame rate FR0
- the second frame rate FR2 is 1/2 of the first frame rate FR1 in the normal state CS1.
- the image indicated by the broken line indicates an image discarded as a result of thinning.
- the reference image 111 is output from the reference camera 111 at a predetermined frame rate FR0.
- the reference image Ib is thinned out at the first frame rate FR1, and is recorded in the recording unit 13 as reference data Db without being compressed or subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate.
- the reference image Ir is output from the reference camera 112 at a predetermined frame rate FR0.
- the reference image Ir is thinned out at the second frame rate FR2, and is recorded in the recording unit 13 as reference data Dr while being uncompressed or subjected to compression processing at a low compression rate.
- the standard data Db and the reference data Dr are uncompressed, the standard data Db has a data amount that is 1/2 that of the standard image Ib, and the reference data Dr has a data amount that is 1/4 that of the reference image Ir. Therefore, the recording capacity can be reduced accordingly.
- a distance calculation using a stereo image can be performed between the corresponding standard data Db and the reference data Dr indicated by bidirectional arrows in the figure.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the standard data Db, the reference data Dr, and the second reference data Dr2 in the normal state CS1 described above.
- FIG. 5 differs from FIG. 4 in that compression processing with a high compression ratio is applied to the second reference thinned image Ir2 captured at the timing of the first frame rate FR1 among the images thinned out at the second frame rate FR2. This is a point that is recorded in the recording unit 13 as the second reference data Dr2. The other points are the same as in FIG.
- the second reference data Dr2 is compressed at a high compression rate, the amount of data increases slightly compared to the example of FIG. Also, between the corresponding reference data Db and the second reference data Dr2 indicated by the two-way broken arrows in the figure, the second reference data Dr2 is compressed at a high compression rate, but the accuracy is inferior. Distance calculation using stereo images is possible.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the standard data Db and the reference data Dr in the above-described recording required state CS2. 6 differs from FIG. 4 in that the second frame rate FR2 for recording the reference image Ir of the reference camera 112 as the reference data Dr in the recording unit 13 is the same as the first frame rate FR1, and the reference data Dr is the standard. It is a point recorded at the same density as the data Db. The other points are the same as in FIG.
- the standard data Db has a data amount that is 1/2 that of the standard image Ib
- the reference data Dr also has a data amount that is 1/2 that of the reference image Ir.
- the recording capacity is increased by 1/4 of the reference image Ir, but the capacity is still 1/2 of the original image.
- a distance calculation using a stereo image can be performed between the corresponding standard data Db and the reference data Dr indicated by bidirectional arrows in the figure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the reference data Db and the reference data Dr when returning from the normal state CS1 to the normal state CS1 again through the recording required state CS2 described above.
- the reference data Dr is obtained based on the four signals, which are the vehicle speed signal SS, the steering angle signal HS, the parallax change amount signal Pr, and the optical flow change amount signal Of, which indicate the vehicle and the surroundings of the vehicle.
- the image captured by the reference camera is thinned out at the first frame rate to generate and record the reference data of the uncompressed or low compression rate, and the reference camera
- the captured image is uncompressed by thinning out at a second frame rate that is the same as or lower than the first frame rate, which is dynamically determined depending on the situation of the vehicle and its surroundings at the time of imaging.
- a stereo image acquisition apparatus can be provided.
- the second frame rate for recording the reference data described above is based on the four signals of the vehicle speed signal, the steering angle signal, the parallax change amount signal, and the optical flow change amount signal indicating the own vehicle and the surrounding conditions of the own vehicle.
- the second reference data is generated using the image of the frame synchronized with the first frame rate among the images of the frame not used for the generation of the first reference decimation image, so that the image is compressed at a high compression rate.
- the accuracy is inferior, but only a slight increase in the amount of data can be used to calculate the distance from the stereo image using the second reference data, leading to a more accurate analysis of the cause of the accident. it can.
- FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the second embodiment of the stereo image acquisition device according to the present invention.
- the data generation unit 19 of the first embodiment is deleted, and the function of the reference data generation unit 191 of the data generation unit 19 is changed to the reference camera 111 to generate reference data.
- the function of the unit 192 is added to the reference camera 112.
- the reference camera 111 and the reference camera 112 of the camera unit 11 output a reference image Ib from the reference camera 111 at a predetermined frame rate FR0 in synchronization with the camera control signal CCS from the camera control unit 151. From 112, a reference image Ir is output.
- the reference image Ib and the reference image Ir are input to the frame rate determining unit 153, and the first frame rate FR1 and the second frame rate FR2 are determined in the same manner as shown in FIG.
- the determined first frame rate FR1 is input to the base camera 111 and the reference camera 112, and the second frame rate FR2 is input to the reference camera 112.
- the reference camera 111 thins out the reference image Ib in accordance with the first frame rate FR1 and outputs it to the recording unit 13 as the reference data Db after being subjected to compression processing with a low compression rate or uncompressed.
- the reference camera 112 thins out the reference image Ir in accordance with the second frame rate FR2, and outputs it to the recording unit 13 as reference data Dr while being compressed at a low compression rate or uncompressed.
- the reference camera 112 performs compression processing with a high compression rate on the image of the frame synchronized with the first frame rate FR1 among the images of the frames that are not used for generating the reference data Dr, and the second reference data Dr2.
- the standard data Db and the reference data Dr are left uncompressed and the second reference data Dr2 is not generated, so that it is not necessary to perform compression processing in the camera.
- the data generation unit 19 of the first embodiment can be omitted without imposing a heavy load on the camera 111 and the reference camera 112, and the processing speed of the stereo image acquisition device 1 can be increased, the configuration can be simplified, and the device This can contribute to cost reduction.
- the formation process of the reference data Db and the reference data Dr at this time is the same as in FIG.
- a camera that captures an image at the first frame rate FR1 instead of the predetermined frame rate FR0 is used as the reference camera 111, and the first camera is not the predetermined frame rate FR0 as the reference camera 112. It is also possible to use a variable frame rate camera that captures images at the two frame rate FR2.
- the third embodiment in the first or second embodiment, when the vehicle and the surroundings of the vehicle are in the normal state CS1, the reference data Dr and the reference data Dr are recorded in the recording unit 13.
- the recording of the standard data Db and the reference data Dr is performed in the recording unit 13 only in the recording-required state CS2.
- FIG. 9 shows the formation process of the standard data Db and the reference data Dr at this time.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming the standard data Db and the reference data Dr in the third embodiment of the stereo image acquisition apparatus according to the present invention, and again from the above-described normal state CS1 through the recording required state CS2. A process of forming the standard data Db and the reference data Dr when returning to the normal state CS1 is shown.
- the reference camera 111 is capturing the reference image Ib at the predetermined frame rate FR0, but the reference data Db is not recorded.
- the reference camera 112 also captures the reference image Ir at a predetermined frame rate FR0, but does not record the reference data Dr.
- the vehicle speed signal SS since any one of the four signals, the vehicle speed signal SS, the steering angle signal HS, the parallax change amount signal Pr, and the optical flow change amount signal Of described above, meets the determination condition of the recording state CS2.
- the normal state CS1 is switched to the recording required state CS2.
- the reference image Ib is thinned out at the first frame rate FR1 to generate the reference thinned image Ib1, and is recorded as the reference data Db.
- the reference image Ir is thinned out at the second frame rate FR2, and a first reference thinned image Ir1 is generated and recorded as reference data Dr.
- the first frame rate FR1 is equal to the second frame rate FR2, and the reference data Dr is recorded at the same high density as the standard data Db.
- the recording required state CS2 is continued until time t2, during which the reference data Dr is continuously recorded at the same high density as the standard data Db. Therefore, if a rear-end collision or the like occurs, a more accurate analysis of the cause of the accident or the like is performed by performing a distance calculation using a stereo image based on the standard data Db and the reference data Dr recorded at high density. Can do.
- the reference data Dr is obtained based on the four signals, which are the vehicle speed signal SS, the steering angle signal HS, the parallax change amount signal Pr, and the optical flow change amount signal Of, which indicate the vehicle and the surroundings of the vehicle.
- the second frame rate FR2 By dynamically determining the second frame rate FR2 to be recorded and recording a stereo image at a high density only when there is a danger of a collision, etc., it can lead to a more accurate analysis of the cause of the accident, etc. If there is no danger, the data recording is not performed, so that the recording time can be extended, the capacity of the recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory can be reduced, and the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost.
- the third embodiment based on the four signals of the vehicle speed signal, the steering angle signal, the parallax change amount signal, and the optical flow change amount signal that indicate the vehicle and the surroundings of the vehicle. Recording stereo images at high density only when there is a danger of a collision can lead to a more accurate analysis of the cause of the accident, etc. Thus, the recording time can be extended, the capacity of a recording medium such as a hard disk or a semiconductor memory can be reduced, and the apparatus can be reduced in size and cost.
- the reference data generation unit 191 can be omitted.
- the reference data is generated and recorded based on the first frame rate from the image captured by the reference camera, and the vehicle at the time of imaging is captured from the image captured by the reference camera.
- the reference data is generated and recorded based on the second frame rate that is the same as the first frame rate or lower than the first frame rate, which is dynamically determined depending on the surrounding conditions and the high quality.
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Abstract
Description
前記カメラ部で撮像された画像データを、保存データとして記録する記録部と、
前記カメラ部および前記記録部の動作を制御する制御部とを備え、
車両に搭載されて、前記車両の周辺のステレオ画像を取得するステレオ画像取得装置において、
前記記録部に記録する前記保存データのフレームレートを決定するフレームレート決定部と、
前記基準カメラで撮像された前記基準画像から、前記フレームレート決定部で決定された第1フレームレートに基づいて基準データを生成する基準データ生成部と、
前記参照カメラで撮像された前記参照画像から、前記フレームレート決定部で決定された、前記第1フレームレートと同じまたは前記第1フレームレートよりも低い第2フレームレートに基づいて参照データを生成する参照データ生成部とを備え、
前記フレームレート決定部は、前記カメラ部の撮像時における前記車両および前記車両の周辺の状況に依存して、前記第2フレームレートを動的に決定し、
前記記録部は、
前記基準データ生成部で生成された前記基準データと、前記参照データ生成部で生成された前記参照データとを、前記保存データとして記録することを特徴とするステレオ画像取得装置。
条件
1)前記車両の速度
2)前記車両のハンドルの操作状況
3)前記カメラ部の少なくとも何れか1台のカメラでのオプティカルフローの変化量
4)前記基準カメラと前記参照カメラとの視差の時間的な変化量
3.前記参照データ生成部は、
前記第2フレームレートに基づいて、非圧縮のままで、あるいは低圧縮率の圧縮処理を施して前記参照データを生成するとともに、
前記参照データの生成に用いられなかった前記参照画像の内で、前記第1フレームレートに同期したタイミングの前記参照画像を用いて、前記参照データの圧縮率よりも高圧縮率で圧縮した第2参照データを生成し、
前記記録部は、
前記基準データと、前記参照データと、前記第2参照データとを、前記保存データとして記録することを特徴とする前記1または2に記載のステレオ画像取得装置。
車速信号SS:定速走行あるいは所定範囲内の加減速
操舵角信号HS:直進あるいは所定範囲内の操舵角
視差変化量信号Pr:0(ゼロ)または小さい、あるいは視差が小さくなる方向に変化
オプティカルフロー変化量信号Of:衝突の危険性なし
以上の4条件を全て満足している場合には、衝突の危険性は低いと判断し、第2フレームレートFR2を低レートに設定する。例えば、基準カメラ111および参照カメラ112がFR0=30fpsで撮像を行っており、第1フレームレートFR1=15fpsの場合、第2フレームレートFR2をその1/2の7.5fpsに設定する。これによって、参照カメラ112で撮像された参照画像Irの4フレームに1フレームが参照データDrの生成に用いられる。
車速信号SS:所定範囲を越える加減速
操舵角信号HS:所定範囲を越える操舵角
視差変化量信号Pr:視差が大きくなる方向に変化
オプティカルフロー変化量信号Of:衝突の危険性あり
以上の4条件の内の1つでも当てはまる場合には、衝突の危険性があると判断し、第2フレームレートFR2を高レートに設定する。例えば、基準カメラ111および参照カメラ112がFR0=30fpsで撮像を行っており、第1フレームレートFR1=15fpsの場合、第2フレームレートFR2を第1フレームレートFR1と同じ15fpsに設定する。これによって、基準データDbと同様に、参照カメラ112で撮像された参照画像Irの2フレームに1フレームが参照データDrの生成に用いられる。
11 カメラ部
111 基準カメラ
112 参照カメラ
13 記録部
15 制御部
151 カメラ制御部
152 記録制御部
153 フレームレート決定部
1531 第1フレームレート決定部
1532 第2フレームレート決定部
1533 視差変化量演算部
1534 オプティカルフロー変化量演算部
17 センサ部
171 車速センサ
172 操舵角センサ
19 データ生成部
191 基準データ生成部
1911 基準間引き部
1912 低圧縮率圧縮部
192 参照データ生成部
1921 参照間引き部
1922 低圧縮率圧縮部
1923 高圧縮率圧縮部
CCS カメラ制御信号
CS1 通常状態
CS2 要記録状態
D 基線長
Db 基準データ
Dr 参照データ
Dr2 第2参照データ
FR0 所定のフレームレート
FR1 第1フレームレート
FR2 第2フレームレート
HS 操舵角信号
Ib 基準画像
Ib1 基準間引き画像
Ir 参照画像
Ir1 第1参照間引き画像
Ir2 第2参照間引き画像
Of オプティカルフロー変化量信号
Pr 視差変化量信号
SS 車速信号
Claims (3)
- ステレオ画像の基準画像を撮像する基準カメラと、ステレオ画像の参照画像を撮像する参照カメラとの少なくとも2台のカメラを有するカメラ部と、
前記カメラ部で撮像された画像データを、保存データとして記録する記録部と、
前記カメラ部および前記記録部の動作を制御する制御部とを備え、
車両に搭載されて、前記車両の周辺のステレオ画像を取得するステレオ画像取得装置において、
前記記録部に記録する前記保存データのフレームレートを決定するフレームレート決定部と、
前記基準カメラで撮像された前記基準画像から、前記フレームレート決定部で決定された第1フレームレートに基づいて基準データを生成する基準データ生成部と、
前記参照カメラで撮像された前記参照画像から、前記フレームレート決定部で決定された、前記第1フレームレートと同じまたは前記第1フレームレートよりも低い第2フレームレートに基づいて参照データを生成する参照データ生成部とを備え、
前記フレームレート決定部は、前記カメラ部の撮像時における前記車両および前記車両の周辺の状況に依存して、前記第2フレームレートを動的に決定し、
前記記録部は、
前記基準データ生成部で生成された前記基準データと、前記参照データ生成部で生成された前記参照データとを、前記保存データとして記録することを特徴とするステレオ画像取得装置。 - 前記フレームレート決定部は、以下の条件の何れか1つまたは複数の条件の組み合わせに基づいて、前記第2フレームレートを動的に決定することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のステレオ画像取得装置。
条件
1)前記車両の速度
2)前記車両のハンドルの操作状況
3)前記カメラ部の少なくとも何れか1台のカメラでのオプティカルフローの変化量
4)前記基準カメラと前記参照カメラとの視差の時間的な変化量 - 前記参照データ生成部は、
前記第2フレームレートに基づいて、非圧縮のままで、あるいは低圧縮率の圧縮処理を施して前記参照データを生成するとともに、
前記参照データの生成に用いられなかった前記参照画像の内で、前記第1フレームレートに同期したタイミングの前記参照画像を用いて、前記参照データの圧縮率よりも高圧縮率で圧縮した第2参照データを生成し、
前記記録部は、
前記基準データと、前記参照データと、前記第2参照データとを、前記保存データとして記録することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のステレオ画像取得装置。
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