WO2010081634A1 - Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften - Google Patents
Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010081634A1 WO2010081634A1 PCT/EP2009/067983 EP2009067983W WO2010081634A1 WO 2010081634 A1 WO2010081634 A1 WO 2010081634A1 EP 2009067983 W EP2009067983 W EP 2009067983W WO 2010081634 A1 WO2010081634 A1 WO 2010081634A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon atoms
- ester
- fuel
- fuel composition
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
- C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/143—Organic compounds mixtures of organic macromolecular compounds with organic non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1963—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof mono-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/196—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof
- C10L1/1966—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds derived from monomers containing a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond and a carboxyl group or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical or of salts, anhydrides or esters thereof poly-carboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/14—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for improving low temperature properties
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to fuel compositions comprising renewable resources and the use of ester group-comprising polymers in fuel compositions for improving the cloud point and storage properties of biodiesel-based fuels at low temperatures.
- bioethanol is increasingly added to commercial gasoline.
- diesel fuels so-called biodiesel is used. This can be added either diesel of fossil origin to different levels or used in pure form.
- biodiesel is the low impact on the global CO 2 balance.
- the combustion of these fuels can release only as much carbon dioxide as the biomass from which it was produced had stored. Neglecting the greenhouse gases produced by the production of these biofuels, the CO 2 balance remains unaffected by them.
- Biodiesel has the advantage that it can be obtained from a variety of raw materials.
- Typical raw materials are vegetable oils (ie triglycerides) such as rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, palm, coconut, coriander, cottonseed, ricinus, olive, peanut, purging nut (jatropha), pongamia pinnata ( Karanji), Nahoröl- (Mesua ferrea L) corn, almond, mustard seed, algae oil and used vegetable oils.
- Other examples include oils derived from wheat, jute, sesame, shea nut, arachisole and linseed oil.
- oils and fats of animal origin Find use. Examples include beef tallow, pork fat, chicken fat, bone and fish oil, as well as other fats and oils that can be produced during the slaughter of wild and farm animals.
- biodiesel is often understood to mean a mixture of fatty acid esters, usually fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), with chain lengths of the fatty acid moiety of 14 to 24 carbon atoms at 0 to 3 double bonds. The higher the C number and the fewer double bonds present, the higher the melting point of the FAME.
- Typical raw materials are vegetable oils (ie glycerides) such as rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, palm, coconut and in some cases even used vegetable oils. These are converted by transesterification, usually with methanol under basic catalysis, to the corresponding FAME.
- M (M) A eg US 3,869,396 of the Shell OiI Company
- M (M) A eg US 5,312,884 of Rohm & Haas Company
- ester-based lubricants US 5,696,066 to Rohm & Haas Company
- Oil-soluble polymer flow improvers for fossil diesel and biodiesel blends are also known (WO 94/10267, Exxon Chemical Patents Inc.). However, in the examples are merely ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA) and copolymers described C 2 / C 4 have -Alkylfumarat- and vinyl acetate units. A detailed and unambiguous description of certain ester group-comprising polymers is not found in WO 94/10267.
- EP 1 541 662 to 664 sets forth mixtures comprising 75% by volume of diesel fuel of mineral origin and 25% by volume of biodiesel comprising 150 ppm of poly (dodecyl methacrylate) and 100 to 200 ppm of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer
- additives for fuel blends comprising mineral diesel and biodiesel are set forth in WO 2007/113035. Furthermore, the low-temperature properties which can be achieved in diesel / biodiesel mixtures by the addition of additives are not necessarily transferable to pure biodiesel fuels, since their boiling behavior, their viscosity and thus their composition of hydrocarbons is different.
- the fuel compositions which, with a property profile which essentially corresponds to that of mineral diesel fuel, comprise the highest possible proportion of renewable raw materials.
- the fuel should in particular have the best possible low-temperature properties.
- the fuel should have the highest possible cetane number.
- the new fuels should be easy and inexpensive to produce.
- the subject of the present invention is accordingly a fuel composition comprising at least one biodiesel fuel, which is characterized in that the fuel composition comprises 0.05 to 5 wt .-% of at least one ester group-comprising polymer, the repeating units, of ester monomers having 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol residue, and repeating units derived from ester monomers having 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol residue and the ester group-comprising polymer has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 5,000 to 100,000 g / mol.
- a fuel composition comprising at least one biodiesel fuel, which comprises an excellent profile of properties.
- the present fuel compositions exhibit a surprisingly low cloud point, a very good low-temperature storage capability, and excellent low-temperature flow properties.
- Palm oil is preferred for ecological and economical considerations over the commonly used rapeseed oil.
- the area yield in the production of palm oil is much higher than that of rapeseed oil.
- very large quantities of chemicals, especially fertilizers and pesticides are used for the production of oilseed rape, which are ecologically questionable.
- rapeseed is not self-compatible during production and must be cultivated in a crop rotation, whereby cultivation of oilseed rape in the same field is only possible every 3 to 5 years. For this reason, a further increase in rapeseed production is difficult.
- palm oil alkyl esters show a significantly higher cloud point compared to rapeseed oil alkyl esters (about + 13 ° C in the case of the methyl ester); the cloud point of rapeseed oil alkyl ester is much lower (about -7 ° C in the case of the methyl ester).
- the present invention thus enables the use of particularly high levels of palm oil alkyl esters for the preparation of fuel compositions without the low temperature properties assuming impermissible levels.
- the fuel composition of the present invention comprises at least one biodiesel fuel component.
- Biodiesel fuel is a substance, in particular an oil obtained from vegetable or animal material or both, or a derivative thereof, which in principle can be used as a substitute for mineral diesel fuel.
- the biodiesel fuel which is often referred to as “biodiesel”, “biofuel” or “biofuel” to fatty acid alkyl esters of fatty acids having preferably 6 to 30, more preferably 12 to 24 carbon atoms and monohydric alcohols with 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In many cases, some of the fatty acids may contain one, two or three double bonds.
- the monohydric alcohols include in particular methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol, with methanol being preferred.
- oils derived from animal or vegetable material which can be used in the present invention are palm oil, rapeseed oil, coriander oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, castor oil, olive oil, peanut oil, corn oil, almond oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, mustard seed oil, oils which are derived from animal tallow, in particular, beef tallow, bone oil, fish oils and used edible oils.
- oils derived from cereals, wheat, jute, sesame, rice husk, jatropha, arachis oil and linseed oil are surprising advantages obtained when using palm oil, soybean oil, jatropha oil or animal tallow, especially cattle, chicken or pork fat as starting material for the production of biodiesel.
- the preferred fatty acid alkyl esters can be obtained from these oils by methods known in the art.
- Preferred according to the invention are strongly C16: 0 / C18: 0-glyceride-containing oils, such as palm oils and oils derived from animal tallow, and their derivatives, in particular the palm oil alkyl esters derived from monohydric alcohols.
- Palm oil also: palm fat
- Palm oils are extracted from the pulp of palm fruits. The fruits are sterilized and pressed. Fruits and oil have an orange-red color due to their high carotene content, which is removed during refining.
- the oil can contain up to 80% C18: 0 glyceride.
- Particularly suitable as a biodiesel fuel are low alkyl esters of fatty acids.
- Commercially available mixtures of the ethyl, propyl, butyl and in particular methyl esters of fatty acids having 6 to 30, preferably 12 to 24, particularly preferably 14 to 22 carbon atoms for example of caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, margaric acid, Arachic acid, behenic acid, lignocehnic acid, cerotic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, ricinoleic acid, elaeostearic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosanoic acid, gadoleic acid, docosanoic acid or erucic acid into consideration.
- a biodiesel fuel which preferably comprises at least 30 wt .-%, more preferably at least 35 wt .-% and most preferably at least 40 wt .-% of saturated fatty acid esters containing at least 16 carbon atoms in Have fatty acid residue.
- saturated fatty acid esters containing at least 16 carbon atoms in Have fatty acid residue.
- esters of palmitic and stearic acid include in particular the esters of palmitic and stearic acid.
- biodiesel fuels which can be used according to the invention have an iodine number of at most 150, in particular at most 125, particularly preferably at most 70 and very particularly preferably at most 60.
- the iodine number is a known measure of the content of a fat or oil in unsaturated compounds, which can be determined according to DIN 53241 -1.
- the fuel compositions of the present invention form particularly low deposits in the diesel engines. Furthermore, these fuel compositions show particularly high cetane numbers.
- the fuel compositions of the present invention may comprise at least 40%, more preferably at least 60%, preferably at least 80% and most preferably at least 95%, by weight of biodiesel fuel.
- the fuel composition of the present invention comprises 0.05 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.08 to 3 wt%, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 wt% of at least one ester group-comprising polymer.
- ester group-comprising polymers are meant herein polymers which are obtainable by polymerization of monomer compositions comprising ethylenically unsaturated compounds having at least one ester group, hereinafter referred to as ester monomers. Accordingly, these polymers contain ester groups as part of the side chain.
- These polymers include, in particular, polyalkyl (meth) acrylates (PAMA), polyalkyl fumarates and / or polyalkyl maleates.
- Estermonomers are known per se. These include in particular (meth) acrylates, maleates and fumarates, which may have different alcohol residues.
- the term (meth) acrylates include methacrylates and acrylates as well as mixtures of both. These monomers are well known.
- the alkyl radical may be linear, cyclic or branched. Furthermore, the alkyl radical may have known substituents.
- the ester group-comprising polymers contain repeating units derived from ester monomers having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety and repeating units derived from ester monomers having from 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety.
- repeating unit is well known in the art.
- the present ester group-comprising polymers can preferably be obtained via free-radical polymerization of monomers, wherein the ATRP, RAFT and NMP processes set forth below are to be counted among the free-radical methods within the scope of the invention, without any restriction being made thereby. This double bonds are opened to form covalent bonds. Accordingly, the repeat unit results from the monomers used.
- the ester group-comprising polymer may have from 5 to 99.9% by weight, in particular from 20 to 98% by weight and particularly preferably from 30 to 60% by weight, of repeating units derived from ester monomers having from 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol radical.
- the ester group-comprising polymer may comprise from 0.1% to 90%, preferably from 5% to 80%, and most preferably from 40% to 70%, repeat units ranging from ester monomers having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety are derived. Further, the ester group-comprising polymer may have 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight of repeating units derived from ester monomers having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alcohol residue.
- the ester group-comprising polymer preferably comprises at least 40% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight, especially preferably at least 80% by weight and most preferably at least 95% by weight of repeating units derived from ester monomers.
- Mixtures from which the ester group-comprising polymers according to the invention are obtainable may contain from 0 to 40% by weight, in particular from 0.1 to 30% by weight and more preferably from 0.5 to 20% by weight, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated ester compounds of the formula (I) included
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- R 1 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 2 and R 3 are independently hydrogen or a group of the formula -COOR ', wherein R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms means.
- component (I) examples include
- Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates such as cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate;
- compositions to be polymerized preferably contain from 5 to 98% by weight, in particular from 20 to 90% by weight and particularly preferably from 30 to 60% by weight, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated ester compounds of the formula (II)
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- R 4 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 7 to 15 carbon atoms
- R 5 and R 6 are independently hydrogen or a group of the formula -COOR ", where R" is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 7 to 15 carbon atoms means.
- component (II) examples include:
- Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates such as 3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate; as well as the corresponding fumarates and maleates.
- preferred monomer compositions comprise from 0.1 to 90% by weight, preferably from 5 to 80% by weight, and more preferably from 40 to 70% by weight, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated ester compounds of the formula (III)
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- R 7 is a linear or branched alkyl radical having 16 to 40, preferably 16 to 30 carbon atoms
- R 8 and R 9 independently represent hydrogen or a group of the formula -COOR '", wherein R'" is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 16 to 40, preferably 16 to 30 carbon atoms.
- component (III) examples include (meth) acrylates derived from saturated alcohols, such as hexadecyl (meth) acrylate,
- Cetyleicosyl (meth) acrylate Stearyleicosyl (meth) acrylate, docosyl (meth) acrylate and / or
- Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates such as 2,4,5-th-t-butyl-3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate,
- ester compounds with a long-chain alcohol radical in particular the components (II) and (III), can be obtained, for example, by reacting (meth) acrylates, fumarates, maleates and / or the corresponding acids with long-chain fatty alcohols, in which case a mixture of esters, such as (meth) acrylates with different long-chain alcohol residues.
- These fatty alcohols include Oxo Alcohol® 7911, Oxo Alcohol® 7900, Oxo Alcohol® 1100; Alfol® 610, Alfol® 810, Lial® 125 and Nafol® grades (Sasol); Aiphanoi® 79 (ICI); Epal® 610 and Epal® 810 (Afton); Linevol® 79, Linevol® 911 and Neodol® 25E (Shell); Dehydad®, Hydrenol® and Lorol® types (Cognis); Acropol® 35 and Exxal® 10 (Exxon Chemicals); Kalcol® 2465 (Kao Chemicals).
- the (meth) acrylates are particularly preferred over the maleates and fumarates, ie R2, R3, R5, R6, R8 and R9 of the formulas (I), (II) and (III) represent hydrogen in particularly preferred embodiments.
- the weight ratio of units derived from ester monomers having from 7 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably from formula (II), to the units derived from ester monomers having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably from formula (III), can be in a wide range .
- the weight ratio of repeat units derived from ester monomers having from 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety to repeat units derived from ester monomers having from 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety is in the range of from 5: 1 to 1:30, more preferably in Range from 1: 1 to 1: 3, particularly preferably 1, 1: 1 to 1: 2.
- Component (IV) comprises in particular ethylenically unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized with the ethylenically unsaturated ester compounds of the formulas (I), (II) and / or.
- comonomers are particularly suitable for the polymerization according to the present invention, which correspond to the formula:
- Hydroxylalkyl (meth) acrylates such as
- Aminoalkyl (neth) acrylates such as N (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide
- Nitriles of (meth) acrylic acid and other nitrogen-containing methacrylates such as
- Aryl (meth) acrylates such as benzyl methacrylate or
- Phenyl methacrylate wherein the aryl radicals may each be unsubstituted or substituted up to four times; carbonyl-containing methacrylates, such as
- Glycol dimethacrylates such as 1,4-butanediol methacrylate, 2 butoxyethyl methacrylate,
- Methacrylates of ether alcohols such as tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate,
- Methacrylates of halogenated alcohols such as 2,3-dibromopropyl methacrylate,
- Oxiranyl methacrylates such as 2,3-epoxybutyl methacrylate, 3,4-epoxybutyl methacrylate,
- Phosphorus, boron and / or silicon-containing methacrylates such as
- Methyldiethoxymethacryloylethoxysilane diethylphosphatoethylmethacrylate
- Vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride and
- heterocyclic (meth) acrylates such as 2- (1-imidazolyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate,
- Vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate
- Styrene substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as.
- alkyl substituent such as.
- ⁇ -methylstyrene and ⁇ -ethylstyrene substituted styrenes with an alkyl substituent on
- Ring such as vinyltoluene and p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes, such as
- Heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl
- Vinylpiperidine 9-vinylcarbazole, 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole,
- the proportion of comonomers (IV) can be varied depending on the purpose and property profile of the polymer. In general, this proportion can be in the range from 0 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 20 wt .-% and particularly preferably 0.1 to 10 wt .-%. Due to the combustion properties and for ecological reasons, the proportion of monomers comprising aromatic groups, heteroaromatic groups, nitrogen-containing groups, phosphorus-containing groups and sulfur-containing groups can be kept as low as possible. The proportion of these monomers can therefore be limited to 1% by weight, in particular 0.5% by weight and preferably 0.01% by weight.
- the comonomers (IV) and the ester monomers according to the formulas (I), (II) or (III) can each be used individually or as mixtures.
- ester group-comprising polymers preferably at most 5 wt .-%, preferably at most 3 wt .-%, more preferably at most 1 wt .-% and most preferably at most 0.1 wt .-% of units derived from hydroxy group-containing monomers.
- ester group-comprising polymers show surprisingly good activity, comprising no or only a small proportion of repeat units derived from monomers containing oxygen-group-containing alcohol radicals of the formula (IV)
- R is hydrogen or methyl
- R 10 is an alkyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms substituted by an OH group or an alkoxylated radical of the formula (V)
- R 13 and R 14 are independently hydrogen or methyl
- R 15 is hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 1 to 30
- R 11 and R 12 are independently hydrogen or a group of the formula -COOR " in which R "denotes hydrogen or an OH group-substituted alkyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or an alkoxylated radical of the formula (VI)
- R 13 and R 14 are independently hydrogen or methyl, R 15 is hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 1 to 30, are derived.
- the polymers comprising ester groups to be used according to the invention have a molecular weight in the range from 5,000 to 100,000 g / mol, preferably in the range from 10,000 to 70,000 g / mol and more preferably in the range from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol. These values are based on the weight- average molecular weight M w the polydisperse polymers in the composition. This size can be determined by GPC.
- the preferred copolymers which can be obtained by polymerization of unsaturated ester compounds preferably have a polydispersity M w / Mn in the range of 1 to 10, more preferably 1:05 to 6,0, and most preferably 1, 2 to 5.0 , This size can be determined by GPC.
- ester group-comprising polymers is not critical to many applications and properties. Accordingly, the polymers comprising ester groups can be random copolymers, gradient copolymers, block copolymers and / or graft copolymers.
- Block copolymers or gradient copolymers can be obtained, for example, by discontinuously changing the monomer composition during chain growth.
- the blocks derived from ester compounds of the formulas (I), (II) and / or (III) have at least 10, more preferably at least 30 monomer units.
- polyalkyl esters from the above-described compositions.
- a polymerization initiator and a chain transfer agent are used for this purpose.
- useful initiators include the azo initiators well known in the art, such as AIBN and 1, 1-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, as well as peroxy compounds, such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, tert-butyl per-2- ethylhexanoate, ketone peroxide, tert-butyl peroctoate, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, 2,5-bis (2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)
- the ATRP method is known per se. It is believed that this is a "living" radical polymerization without any limitation to the description of the mechanism.
- a transition metal compound is reacted with a compound having a transferable atomic group.
- the transferable atomic group is transferred to the transition metal compound, whereby the metal is oxidized.
- This reaction forms a radical that adds to ethylenic groups.
- the transfer of the atomic group to the transition metal compound is reversible so that the atomic group is re-transferred to the growing polymer chain, forming a controlled polymerization system. Accordingly, the structure of the polymer, the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution can be controlled.
- polymers according to the invention are obtainable by NMP processes (nitroxide-mediated polymethylation), which are described, inter alia, in US Pat. No. 4,581,429.
- the polymerization can be carried out at atmospheric pressure, lower or higher pressure.
- the polymerization temperature is not critical. In general, however, it is in the range of -20 ° - 200 0 C, preferably 0 ° - 130 0 C and particularly preferably 60 ° - 120 0 C.
- the polymerization can be carried out with or without solvent.
- the term of the solvent is to be understood here broadly.
- the polymerization is carried out in a nonpolar solvent.
- nonpolar solvent include hydrocarbon solvents such as aromatic solvents such as toluene, benzene and xylene, saturated hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, dodecane, which may also be branched.
- hydrocarbon solvents such as aromatic solvents such as toluene, benzene and xylene, saturated hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, dodecane, which may also be branched.
- solvents can be used individually or as a mixture.
- Particularly preferred solvents are mineral oils, diesel fuels of mineral origin, natural vegetable and animal oils, biodiesel fuels and synthetic oils (eg ester oils such as dinonyl adipate) and Mixtures thereof. Of these, mineral oils and mineral diesel fuels are most preferred
- the fuel composition of the invention may include other additives to achieve specific problem solutions.
- additives include, but are not limited to, dispersing agents such as wax dispersants and dispersants for polar substances, demulsifiers, defoamers, lubricity additives, antioxidants, cetane improvers, detergents, dyes, corrosion inhibitors, and the like / or odorants.
- the fuel composition according to the invention may comprise ethylene copolymers, which are described for example in EP-A-1 541 663.
- ethylene copolymers may contain from 8 to 21 mole percent of one or more vinyl and / or (meth) acrylic esters and from 79 to 92 weight percent ethylene.
- Particularly preferred are ethylene copolymers containing 10 to 18 mol% and especially 12 to 16 mol% of at least one vinyl ester.
- Suitable vinyl esters are derived from fatty acids with linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
- Examples which may be mentioned are vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl hexanoate, Vinylheptanoat, Vinyloctanoat, vinyl laurate and vinyl stearate and branched fatty acid based esters of vinyl alcohol such as vinyl isobutyrate, vinyl pivalate, vinyl 2-ethylhexanoate, iso-Nonanklarevinylester, Neononanklavinylester, vinyl neodecanoate and Neoundecanklavinylester.
- esters of acrylic and methacrylic acid having 1 to 20 C atoms in the alkyl radical such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, n- and isobutyl (meth) acrylate, Hexyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl (meth) acrylate and mixtures of two, three, four or more of these comonomers.
- Particularly preferred terpolymethylates of 2-ethylhexanoic acid vinyl ester, vinyl neononanoate or vinyl neodecanoate contain, apart from ethylene, preferably 3.5 to 20 mol%, in particular 8 to 15 mol% vinyl acetate and 0.1 to 12 mol%, in particular 0.2 to 5 mol% of the respective long-chain vinyl ester, wherein the total comonomer content is between 8 and 21 mol%, preferably between 12 and 18 mol%.
- copolymers contain, in addition to ethylene and from 8 to 18 mol% of vinyl esters, from 0.5 to 10 mol% of olefins such as propene, butene, isobutylene, hexene, 4-methylpentene, octene, diisobutylene and / or norbornene.
- olefins such as propene, butene, isobutylene, hexene, 4-methylpentene, octene, diisobutylene and / or norbornene.
- the ethylene copolymers preferably have molecular weights corresponding to melt viscosities at 14O 0 C of 20 to 10,000 mPas, in particular 30 to 5,000 mPas and especially 50 to 1,000 mPas.
- the determined by 1 H NMR spectroscopy degrees of branching are preferably between 1 and 9 CH 3/100 CH 2 groups, in particular between 2 and 6CH3 / I OO CH 2 groups such as 2.5 to 5 CH 3 / I OO CH 2 groups not derived from the comonomers.
- Such ethylene copolymers are described inter alia in DE-A-34 43 475, EP-B-0 203 554, EP-B-0 254 284, EP-B0 405 270, EP-B0 463 518, EP-B0 493 769, EP-O 778 875, DE-A-196 20 118, DE-A-196 20 119 and EP-AO 926 168.
- ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers and terpolymers which in addition to ethylene and vinyl acetate repeat units also have (meth) acrylic ester repeat units, are preferred.
- These polymers may be formed, for example, as random copolymers, as block copolymers or as graft copolymers.
- the fuel composition of the present invention may comprise from 0.0005% to 2%, preferably from 0.01% to 0.5%, by weight of ethylene copolymers.
- the proportion of ethylene copolymers may preferably be at most 0.05 wt .-%, more preferably at most 0.001 wt .-% and most preferably at most 0.0001 wt .-% amount.
- a fuel composition may contain other components.
- these include, in particular, diesel fuels of mineral origin.
- the proportion of diesel fuels of mineral origin may preferably be limited to at most 60% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight and most preferably at most 15% by weight.
- the fuel compositions of the invention have excellent low temperature properties. Accordingly, the use of ester group-comprising polymers comprising recurring units derived from unsaturated esters of 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety and repeating units derived from unsaturated esters of 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety at a concentration of 0.05 to 5 wt. % as flow improvers in fuel compositions comprising at least one biodiesel fuel, a further aspect of the present invention.
- ASTM D97 values less than or equal to 12 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 10 0 C and particularly preferably less than or equal to 0 0 C.
- the measured according to DIN EN 116 limit of filterability is preferably at most 12 ° C, particularly preferably at most 10 0 C and particularly preferably at most 0 0 C.
- the cloud point (cloud point, CP) to ASTM D2500 more preferred Fuel compositions values less than or equal to 12 ° C, preferably less than or equal to 10 0 C and particularly preferably less than or equal to 0 0 C.
- the present invention also provides the use of ester group-comprising polymers comprising repeating units derived from unsaturated esters having 7 to 15 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety and repeating units derived from unsaturated esters having 16 to 40 carbon atoms in the alcohol moiety at a concentration of 0.05 to 5% by weight to improve the cloud point of fuel compositions comprising at least one biodiesel fuel.
- the cloud point can be reduced by at least 1 ° C, preferably by at least 2 ° C or by at least 3 ° C and most preferably by at least 5 ° C.
- These data refer to the cloud point of the biodiesel fuel without the addition of inventively used ester group-comprehensive polymers.
- With a surprisingly low use of up to 0.6% by weight of polymers comprising ester groups it is often possible to achieve improvements in the cloud point by at least 1 ° C., preferably by at least 3 ° C.
- Another surprising aspect of the present fuel composition is its excellent low temperature storage capability. Accordingly, the fuel compositions according to the invention can also be stored at temperatures below the cloud point, without a strong separation of the fuel or a strong precipitation is associated. This aspect is particularly important in the case of a short-term occurrence of unexpectedly low temperatures.
- the cetane number according to DIN 51773 fuel compositions according to the invention is preferably at least 50, particularly preferably at least 53, in particular at least 55 and very particularly preferably at least 58.
- the viscosity of the present fuel compositions can be within a wide range, which can be adjusted to the intended application. This setting can be done for example by selecting the biodiesel fuels. Furthermore, the viscosity can be varied by the amount and the molecular weight of the used ester group-comprising polymers.
- the kinematic viscosity of preferred fuel compositions of the present invention is in the range of 1 to 10 mm 2 / s, particularly preferably 2 to 5 mm 2 / s and particularly preferably 2.5 to 4 mm 2 / s measured at 40 0 C in accordance with ASTM D445.
- the weight-average molecular weight M w and the polydispersity index PDI of the polymers were determined by GPC. Measurements were made in tetrahydrofuran at 35 ° C against a polymethyl methacrylate calibration curve from a set of> 25 standards (Polymer Standards Service or Polymer Laboratories), whose M pea k logarhythmically uniform over the range of 5-10 6 to 2-10 2 g / mol distributed. A combination of six columns (Polymer Standards Service SDV 100 ⁇ / 2 ⁇ SDV LXL / 2 ⁇ SDV 100 ⁇ / Shodex KF-800D) was used. For signal acquisition, a Rl detector (Agilent 1100 Series) was used. Table 1: Properties of the polymers used
- LMA Alkylmethacrylat, which has about 10 C-atoms in the alkyl radical, wherein the
- Alkyl radical is predominantly linear
- BhMA Alkyl methacrylate having about 22 C atoms in the alkyl radical
- IDMA Alkyl methacrylate having about 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, wherein the
- Alkyl radical is predominantly branched
- DPMA Alkyl methacrylate having 12 to 15 C atoms in the alkyl radical
- the amount of polymer used was in each case 600 ppm.
- the cloud point (CP) according to ASTM D2500 of the fuel compositions or the low-temperature storage capability was determined.
- Table 4 Storage of SME at -5 ° C
- Table 5 Storage of PME at 10 ° C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2749344A CA2749344A1 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | Fuel compositions having improved cloud point and improved storage properties |
RU2011133876/04A RU2011133876A (ru) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | Составы моторных топлив с улучшенной точкой помутнения и улучшенными свойствами при хранении |
EP09799649A EP2376609A1 (de) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften |
US13/143,660 US20110296743A1 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | Fuel compositions having improved cloud point and improved storage properties |
CN2009801544151A CN102282242A (zh) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | 具有改进的浊点和改进的储存性能的燃料组合物 |
JP2011545664A JP2012515236A (ja) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | 改善された曇り点と改善された貯蔵性とを有する燃料組成物 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14425809P | 2009-01-13 | 2009-01-13 | |
US61/144,258 | 2009-01-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010081634A1 true WO2010081634A1 (de) | 2010-07-22 |
Family
ID=41723119
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2009/067983 WO2010081634A1 (de) | 2009-01-13 | 2009-12-29 | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110296743A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2376609A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2012515236A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20110101199A (de) |
CN (1) | CN102282242A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2749344A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2011133876A (de) |
TW (1) | TW201037072A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2010081634A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006016588A1 (de) * | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-18 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen umfassend nachwachsende Rohstoffe |
PL2305753T3 (pl) | 2009-09-25 | 2012-07-31 | Evonik Oil Additives Gmbh | Kompozycja poprawiająca płynność olejów pędnych na zimno |
US20110192076A1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2011-08-11 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Composition having improved filterability |
FR3045660B1 (fr) * | 2015-12-21 | 2020-08-21 | Arkema France | Composition d'esters methyliques d'acides gras a bas point d'ecoulement |
CN106318481A (zh) * | 2016-09-18 | 2017-01-11 | 防城港市中能生物能源投资有限公司 | 一种公交车用生物柴油及其制备方法 |
CN110257116A (zh) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-20 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种柴油降凝剂组合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN114736723B (zh) * | 2022-03-09 | 2024-01-23 | 上海应用技术大学 | 一种生物柴油-石化柴油掺混油用含硼聚合物降凝剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3869396A (en) | 1971-05-05 | 1975-03-04 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
US4581429A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1986-04-08 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Polymerization process and polymers produced thereby |
DE3443475A1 (de) | 1984-11-29 | 1986-05-28 | Amoco Corp., Chicago, Ill. | Terpolymerisate des ethylens, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
EP0203554B1 (de) | 1985-05-29 | 1988-10-26 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verwendung von Ethylen-Terpolymerisaten als Additive für Mineralöle und Mineralöldestillate |
EP0254284B1 (de) | 1986-07-25 | 1991-06-12 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten |
EP0405270B1 (de) | 1989-06-29 | 1992-11-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten |
WO1994010267A1 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-11 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Oil additives and compositions |
US5312884A (en) | 1993-04-30 | 1994-05-17 | Rohm And Haas Company | Copolymer useful as a pour point depressant for a lubricating oil |
EP0463518B1 (de) | 1990-06-29 | 1994-12-28 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
EP0493769B1 (de) | 1990-12-29 | 1995-10-25 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
WO1996030421A1 (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-03 | Krzysztof Matyjaszewski | Novel (co)polymers and a novel polymerization process based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization |
WO1997018247A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Carnegie Mellon University | Improved processes based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization and novel (co)polymers having useful structures and properties |
EP0778875A1 (de) | 1994-09-02 | 1997-06-18 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Ölzusätze, zusammensetzungen und polymeren zur hinein verwendung |
DE19620119C1 (de) | 1996-05-18 | 1997-10-23 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
DE19620118C1 (de) | 1996-05-18 | 1997-10-23 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
US5696066A (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1997-12-09 | Rohm And Haas Company | Additive for lubricating oil |
WO1997047661A1 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-18 | University Of Warwick | Polymerisation catalyst and process |
WO1998001478A1 (en) | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polymerization with living characteristics |
WO1998040415A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Carnegie Mellon University | Improvements in atom or group transfer radical polymerization |
WO1999010387A1 (en) | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Improved atom transfer radical polymerization |
DE19847423A1 (de) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-10 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Additiv für Biodiesel und Biobrennstofföle |
EP0926168A1 (de) | 1997-12-24 | 1999-06-30 | Clariant GmbH | Hydroxylgruppenhaltige Ethylencopolymere und Brennstofföle mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung |
US6051538A (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-04-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Pour point depression of heavy cut methyl esters via alkyl methacrylate copolymer |
WO2001040334A1 (de) | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-07 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Mittels atrp-verfahren erhältliche copolymere sowie verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
WO2001040333A1 (de) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-07 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Gradientencopolymere sowie verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
WO2004083169A1 (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Process for preparing dithioesters |
EP1541663A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Clariant GmbH | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
EP1541662A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Clariant GmbH | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
DE10357877A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-07-28 | Clariant Gmbh | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
WO2007113035A1 (de) | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-11 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen umfassend nachwachsende rohstoffe |
WO2008113735A1 (de) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum montieren eines winkelmessgeräts an einem elektrischen motor |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BR9814696B1 (pt) * | 1997-11-21 | 2010-02-09 | biodiesel contendo aditivo de copolÍmeros, biodiesel contendo misturas de copolÍmeros e (bio)àleos, combustÍveis ou carburantes, e uso de copolÍmeros em biodiesel e biocombustÍveis. | |
JP4778688B2 (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2011-09-21 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 流動点降下剤 |
DE10349850C5 (de) * | 2003-10-25 | 2011-12-08 | Clariant Produkte (Deutschland) Gmbh | Kaltfließverbesserer für Brennstofföle pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs |
JP2007262245A (ja) * | 2006-03-28 | 2007-10-11 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 流動点降下剤および炭化水素油組成物 |
-
2009
- 2009-12-29 RU RU2011133876/04A patent/RU2011133876A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-12-29 CA CA2749344A patent/CA2749344A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-29 EP EP09799649A patent/EP2376609A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-29 JP JP2011545664A patent/JP2012515236A/ja active Pending
- 2009-12-29 KR KR1020117016094A patent/KR20110101199A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2009-12-29 US US13/143,660 patent/US20110296743A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-29 WO PCT/EP2009/067983 patent/WO2010081634A1/de active Application Filing
- 2009-12-29 CN CN2009801544151A patent/CN102282242A/zh active Pending
-
2010
- 2010-01-11 TW TW099100575A patent/TW201037072A/zh unknown
Patent Citations (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3869396A (en) | 1971-05-05 | 1975-03-04 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricating oil compositions |
US4581429A (en) | 1983-07-11 | 1986-04-08 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organization | Polymerization process and polymers produced thereby |
DE3443475A1 (de) | 1984-11-29 | 1986-05-28 | Amoco Corp., Chicago, Ill. | Terpolymerisate des ethylens, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
EP0203554B1 (de) | 1985-05-29 | 1988-10-26 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verwendung von Ethylen-Terpolymerisaten als Additive für Mineralöle und Mineralöldestillate |
EP0254284B1 (de) | 1986-07-25 | 1991-06-12 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten |
EP0405270B1 (de) | 1989-06-29 | 1992-11-19 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Fliessfähigkeit von Mineralölen und Mineralöldestillaten |
EP0463518B1 (de) | 1990-06-29 | 1994-12-28 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
EP0493769B1 (de) | 1990-12-29 | 1995-10-25 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
WO1994010267A1 (en) | 1992-10-26 | 1994-05-11 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Oil additives and compositions |
US5312884A (en) | 1993-04-30 | 1994-05-17 | Rohm And Haas Company | Copolymer useful as a pour point depressant for a lubricating oil |
EP0778875A1 (de) | 1994-09-02 | 1997-06-18 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Ölzusätze, zusammensetzungen und polymeren zur hinein verwendung |
US5696066A (en) | 1994-10-12 | 1997-12-09 | Rohm And Haas Company | Additive for lubricating oil |
WO1996030421A1 (en) | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-03 | Krzysztof Matyjaszewski | Novel (co)polymers and a novel polymerization process based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization |
WO1997018247A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 | 1997-05-22 | Carnegie Mellon University | Improved processes based on atom (or group) transfer radical polymerization and novel (co)polymers having useful structures and properties |
DE19620118C1 (de) | 1996-05-18 | 1997-10-23 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
DE19620119C1 (de) | 1996-05-18 | 1997-10-23 | Hoechst Ag | Terpolymerisate des Ethylens, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Additive für Mineralöldestillate |
WO1997047661A1 (en) | 1996-06-12 | 1997-12-18 | University Of Warwick | Polymerisation catalyst and process |
WO1998001478A1 (en) | 1996-07-10 | 1998-01-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polymerization with living characteristics |
WO1998040415A1 (en) | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Carnegie Mellon University | Improvements in atom or group transfer radical polymerization |
WO1999010387A1 (en) | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Improved atom transfer radical polymerization |
DE19847423A1 (de) * | 1997-11-21 | 1999-06-10 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Additiv für Biodiesel und Biobrennstofföle |
EP0926168A1 (de) | 1997-12-24 | 1999-06-30 | Clariant GmbH | Hydroxylgruppenhaltige Ethylencopolymere und Brennstofföle mit verbesserter Schmierwirkung |
US6051538A (en) * | 1999-01-26 | 2000-04-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Pour point depression of heavy cut methyl esters via alkyl methacrylate copolymer |
WO2001040334A1 (de) | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-07 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Mittels atrp-verfahren erhältliche copolymere sowie verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
WO2001040333A1 (de) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-07 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Gradientencopolymere sowie verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung |
WO2004083169A1 (en) | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Process for preparing dithioesters |
EP1541663A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Clariant GmbH | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
EP1541662A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-15 | Clariant GmbH | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
DE10357877A1 (de) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-07-28 | Clariant Gmbh | Brennstofföle aus Mitteldestillaten und Ölen pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs mit verbesserten Kälteeigenschaften |
WO2007113035A1 (de) | 2006-04-06 | 2007-10-11 | Evonik Rohmax Additives Gmbh | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen umfassend nachwachsende rohstoffe |
WO2008113735A1 (de) | 2007-03-19 | 2008-09-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum montieren eines winkelmessgeräts an einem elektrischen motor |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
"Ullmanns's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry" |
J-S. WANG ET AL., J.AM.CHEM.SOC., vol. 117, 1995, pages 5614 - 5615 |
K. MATYJASZEWSKI; T. P. DAVIS: "Handbook of Radical Polymerization", 2002, WILEY INTERSCIENCE |
KAZANCEV ET AL: "Cold flow properties of fuel mixtures containing biodiesel derived grom animal fatty wasete", EUR. J. LIPID SCI. TECHNOL., vol. 108, no. 9, 1 September 2006 (2006-09-01), pages 753 - 758, XP002572252 * |
MATYJASZEWSKI, MACROMOLECULES, vol. 28, 1995, pages 7901 - 7910 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102282242A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
EP2376609A1 (de) | 2011-10-19 |
KR20110101199A (ko) | 2011-09-15 |
US20110296743A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
JP2012515236A (ja) | 2012-07-05 |
RU2011133876A (ru) | 2013-02-20 |
TW201037072A (en) | 2010-10-16 |
CA2749344A1 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2007113035A1 (de) | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen umfassend nachwachsende rohstoffe | |
EP1380635B1 (de) | Kaltfliessverbesserer für Brennstofföle pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs | |
CA2789034C (en) | A composition having improved filterability | |
DE10349851B4 (de) | Kaltfließverbesserer für Brennstofföle pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs | |
DE102006022718B4 (de) | Zusammensetzung von Brennstoffölen | |
EP3224285B1 (de) | Copolymerisat und seine verwendung zur verminderung der kristallisation von paraffinkristallen in kraftstoffen | |
KR102038904B1 (ko) | 미네랄 디젤, 바이오디젤 및 그의 블렌드에서 폭넓은 적용가능성을 갖는 저온 유동 개선제 | |
WO2010081634A1 (de) | Kraftstoffzusammensetzungen mit verbessertem trübungspunkt und verbesserten lagerungseigenschaften | |
DE10349850B4 (de) | Kaltfließverbesserer für Brennstofföle pflanzlichen oder tierischen Ursprungs | |
DE102006022719B4 (de) | Kaltfließverbesserer für pflanzliche oder tierische Brennstofföle | |
DE102006022720B4 (de) | Kaltfließverbesserer für pflanzliche oder tierische Brennstofföle | |
DE102006001381A1 (de) | Additive für schwefelarme Mineralöldestillate, umfassend Pfropfcopolymere auf Basis von Ethylen-Vinylester-Copolymeren | |
DE102006001380A1 (de) | Additive für schwefelarme Mineralöldestillate, umfassend Pfropfcopolymere auf Basis von Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymeren | |
DE102006022698B4 (de) | Zusammensetzung von Brennstoffölen | |
EP2591024B1 (de) | COPOLYMERISAT MIT HOHER CHEMISCHER EINHEITLICHKEIT UND SEINE VERWENDUNG ZUR VERBESSERUNG DER KALTFLIEßEIGENSCHAFTEN VON BRENNSTOFFÖLEN |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200980154415.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 09799649 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2009799649 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 13143660 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2749344 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20117016094 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2011545664 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 5738/CHENP/2011 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2011133876 Country of ref document: RU |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01A Ref document number: PI0923966 Country of ref document: BR |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: BR Ref legal event code: B01E Ref document number: PI0923966 Country of ref document: BR Free format text: APRESENTE DOCUMENTOS COMPROBATORIOS QUE EXPLIQUEM A DIVERGENCIA NO NOME DO INVENTOR YANN D' HERVE, QUE CONSTA NA PUBLICACAO INTERNACIONAL WO 2010/081634 DE 22/07/2010 E O CONSTANTE DA PETICAO INICIAL NO 020110073872 DE 13/07/2011. |
|
ENPW | Started to enter national phase and was withdrawn or failed for other reasons |
Ref document number: PI0923966 Country of ref document: BR Free format text: PEDIDO RETIRADO EM RELACAO AO BRASIL POR NAO ATENDER AS DETERMINACOES REFERENTES A ENTRADA DO PEDIDO NA FASE NACIONAL E POR NAO CUMPRIMENTO DA EXIGENCIA FORMULADA NA RPI NO 2368. |