WO2010058926A2 - 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 포함하는 약학 조성물 - Google Patents
생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 포함하는 약학 조성물 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010058926A2 WO2010058926A2 PCT/KR2009/006664 KR2009006664W WO2010058926A2 WO 2010058926 A2 WO2010058926 A2 WO 2010058926A2 KR 2009006664 W KR2009006664 W KR 2009006664W WO 2010058926 A2 WO2010058926 A2 WO 2010058926A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- shogaol
- ginger
- extract
- ginger extract
- pharmaceutical composition
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
- A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
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- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Definitions
- the present invention is a ginger extract or shogaol; And a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In addition, the present invention relates to a food composition for improving or alleviating a symptom or symptom-free or learning or memory-enhancing food composition comprising a ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient.
- Memory refers to the process of acquiring new information, learned experiences, and knowledge from the environment, encoding it in specific parts of the brain, storing it, and recalling it (William F Ganong; Ganong's Physiology, Seoul, Hanwoori, p289, p291-). 292, 1999).
- the process of memory is divided into several stages: acquisition, encoding, reinforcement, retention, and recall.
- Modern society is a complex and specialized trend, and accordingly, a large amount of information and learning amount is required, and therefore effective brain activity is required.
- many people suffer from memory loss due to aging and disease, and high mental activity is required as the life span of human beings is extended. In order to cope with the situation appropriately, various efforts have been made to clear the brain, improve memory, and require mental activities, and the development of medicines and functional foods that can effectively promote these functions is required in the art. It is becoming.
- Parkinson's disease is a chronic progressive neurological disease and one of the representative refractory diseases. Parkinson's disease is caused by the sudden degeneration or a significant decrease in the number of cells that produce the neurotransmitter dopamine in the substantia nigra area of the midbrain. The cause is not yet known in detail, but it is known that metabolism due to arteriosclerosis of the brain, carbon monoxide poisoning, drugs, hypoparathyroidism, trauma encephalitis, etc. are involved. Decreased dopamine in neurotransmitters disrupts the balance of the entire neurotransmitter system, resulting in tremor, stiffness, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Back symptoms appear.
- Drugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease include l-dopa preparations, dopamine receptor agonists, anticholinergic drugs, and eldepryl (delpyl). Most of these drugs control symptoms rather than cause treatment. It requires a constant and continuous medication. However, long-term administration of these drugs causes problems with drug side effects. For example, anticholinergic drugs may show autonomic nervous system abnormalities or mental dysfunctions, and thus are limited to continuous administration to older patients. In addition, in the case of the L-dopa formulation, the effect gradually decreases according to the long-term administration, and the side effects such as twisting the body and abnormal movements of the hands or feet are generated. In addition, a surgical treatment such as high frequency nerve stimulation, that is, high frequency destruction or deep brain stimulation is also performed, but there is a problem that requires invasive surgery and also requires a lot of cost.
- Ischemic cerebrovascular diseases is a disease in which various types of pathological abnormalities occur in blood vessels supplying blood flow to the brain, thereby causing a disorder of normal cerebral blood flow locally.
- the ischemic cerebrovascular disease includes a transient ischemic attack (TIA), reversible ischemic neurologic deficit (RIND), a progressive stroke, a complete stroke, and ischemic vascular dementia.
- TIA Transient Ischemic Attack
- TIA is a recovery within 24 hours after a local neurological disorder caused by cerebral ischemia, most often within 10 to 15 minutes.
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit refers to local ischemic symptoms that can persist for more than 24 hours but recover within three weeks, and are distinguished from TIA because there are definite abnormalities on neurological examination.
- Progressive stroke refers to the deterioration of focal cerebral ischemia over several hours to several hours, due to the expansion of cerebral ischemia in the brain tissue of the area already involved, which is not the same as that of neurological symptoms caused by ischemic brain edema. different. About 20% of cerebral infarction patients in the internal carotid artery region develop within the first 48 hours and more often in the vertebrobasilar territory (about 40%).
- Completed stroke is the absence of neurological changes over days to weeks after the onset of focal cerebral ischemia.
- Ischemic vascular dementia is a type of vascular dementia that is premised on two or more ischemic cerebral infarctions and does not necessarily require a temporal causal relationship with dementia.
- ginger is a genus Zingiber (Zingiber) belonging to the plant (Zingiberaceae), widely distributed in Southeast Asia, and has been used as a folk remedy.
- Starch makes up 40-60% of the whole ingredient, and if it contains aromatic ingredients, resin protein, fiber, pentosan, minerals, etc., the spicy taste of ginger is ginger, ginger, show More than 40 species are known, such as shogaol, dihydrogingerol, and aromatic components such as citral and camphene.
- Studies on the activity of ginger include antioxidant activity (Masuda et al., Chem.
- the present inventors conducted a variety of pharmacological activity search for safety-protected natural product extract or a compound derived from natural products. As a result, it was surprisingly found that ginger extract and shogaol, one of the ingredients contained in ginger, have excellent learning and / or memory enhancing effects, and also have prophylactic and / or therapeutic activity for Parkinson's disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Found.
- the present invention is a ginger extract or shogaol; And a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
- the present invention provides a food composition for improving or alleviating symptoms or improving memory or learning disorders, including ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient.
- ginger extract or shogaol and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease is provided.
- a food composition for improving or alleviating symptoms of learning or memory impairment comprising a ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient.
- a food composition for learning or memory enhancement comprising a ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient.
- ginger extract or shogaol has a prophylactic and / or therapeutic activity for learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be usefully applied to the prevention or treatment of learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
- the food composition comprising a ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient may be usefully applied for the improvement or symptom relief and / or learning or memory enhancement of learning disorders or memory disorders.
- Figure 1 shows the growth length of the nerve axons after treating the conditioned medium obtained by treating the ginger ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, butanol fraction, and water fraction in C6 cells to PC12 cells As a result, the results of evaluation of the neurite outgrowth effect of the ginger extract are shown.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of quantitative analysis of nerve growth factors using conditioned media obtained by treating shogaol at 0.1, 1, 5, 10, and 20 ⁇ M concentrations in C6 cells. The result of evaluating the secretion-inducing effect of growth factor is shown.
- Figure 3 shows the results of evaluating the effect of the growth of neuronal growth factor secretion of Shogaol as a result of observing the growth of nerve axons after treating the condition medium obtained by treatment with Shogaol in C6 cells to PC12 cells. .
- FIG. 4 is a result of passive avoidance task for measuring cognitive improvement after administering 5 mg / kg of shogaol in ICR mice.
- FIG. 5 shows the results of a passive avoidance task for measuring cognitive improvement after administering 50 mg / kg of the ginger extract in ICR mice, and is a result of evaluating the cognitive improvement effect of the ginger extract.
- Figure 6 shows the results of measuring the dopaminergic cell protective effect of shogaol in rat fetal brain brains on the neurotoxicity of MPP +.
- Figure 7 shows the result of measuring the dopaminergic cell protective effect of shogaol in rat fetal brain brains on neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA.
- Figure 8 shows the results of measuring the dopaminergic cell protective effect of Ginger extract in rat fetal midbrain cells against neurotoxicity of MPP +.
- Figure 9 shows the results of measuring the dopaminergic cell protective effect of ginger extract in rat fetal midbrain cells against neurotoxicity of 6-OHDA.
- FIG. 10 shows the results of Shogaol's pole test on C57BL / 6 mice induced with Parkinson's disease by MPTP administration.
- FIG. 11 shows the results of measuring the inhibitory activity of Shogaol against optical density reduction of striatum in C57BL / 6 mice induced with Parkinson's disease by MPTP administration.
- FIG. 13 shows the results of a pole test of ginger extract on C57BL / 6 mice induced with Parkinson's disease by MPTP administration.
- Figure 14 shows the results of measuring the inhibitory activity of ginger extract on the decrease in the optical density of the striatum in C57BL / 6 mice induced Parkinson's disease by MPTP administration.
- Fig. 15 shows the results of measuring the inhibitory activity of ginger extract on dopamine positive cell reduction in black matter in C57BL / 6 mice induced with Parkinson's disease by MPTP administration.
- Figure 16 shows the results of evaluating the efficacy of the ginger extract on neuronal cell death in the hippocampus induced by ischemia in the 2-vessel occlusion cerebral ischemia model.
- FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the middle portion of CA1 in which neuronal cell death occurred in the hippocampus in the 2-vessel occlusion cerebral ischemia model.
- Figure 18 shows the results of measuring the cell viability of the ginger extract and fractions in CA1.
- Figure 19 shows the results of evaluating the efficacy of Shogaol on neuronal cell death in the hippocampus induced by ischemia in the 2-vessel occlusion cerebral ischemia model.
- Fig. 21 shows the results of measuring cell viability of Shogaol in CA1.
- learning refers to an ability or behavior that can perceive and change one's own behavior, and includes spatial perception, cognition, concentration, and the like.
- Training disorder or learning disability refers to “learning disorder or learning disability” due to a variety of causes, regardless of IQ, for example, depression, anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, social and environmental factors (failure, poverty, missing family, stress, etc.). "Ability is lowered than normal, and it includes a decrease in spatial perception, a decrease in cognition, a concentration, and a decrease in academic achievement of children.
- memory refers to the ability to acquire new information, learned experience, and knowledge from the environment, encode it in a specific area of the brain, store it, and recall it.
- Memory disorder or “memory deficiency” refers to a condition in which the "memory” is lowered than a normal person due to various causes such as trauma, attention deficit, aging, disease, etc., amnesia, concentration disorder, space Loss of perception, slowing learning, loss of cognition.
- Ischemic Cerebrovascular Diseases or “Ischemia” refers to diseases in which various types of pathological abnormalities occur in blood vessels that supply blood flow to the brain, resulting in disorders of normal cerebral blood flow locally.
- the ischemic cerebrovascular disease includes Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND), Progressive Stroke, Completed Stroke, and Ischemic Vascular Dementia.
- ischemic vascular dementia ischemic cerebrovascular dementia
- ischemic cerebrovascular disease herein includes progressive and / or complete stroke.
- ginger extracts or shogaol can prevent or treat learning disorders or memory disorders and also enhance learning or memory.
- a manual avoidance test was performed after administration of ginger extract or shogaol for 3 days, which showed significantly increased learning and / or memory when administered ginger extract or shogaol.
- ginger extract or shogaol can prevent or treat Parkinson's disease. Protection of dopamine neurons after inducing dopamine neurocytotoxicity with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) and 6-hydroxydopammine (6-OHDA) As a result of the activity test, Shogaol showed a dopamine cell protective activity. In addition, N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)) causes Parkinson's disease in mice.
- MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
- MPTP 6-hydroxydopammine
- Pole test and dopaminergic neuron protective activity tests were performed to restore bradykinesia caused by MPTP when ginger extract or shogaol was administered, and also striatum. It showed excellent protective activity of dopaminergic neuron in and substantia nigra.
- ginger extract or shogaol can prevent or treat ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
- ginger extract and shogaol showed superior neuronal cell death inhibitory activity.
- the present invention is a ginger extract or shogaol; And a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating learning disorders, memory disorders, Parkinson's disease, or ischemic cerebrovascular disease.
- the ginger extract is carried out an extraction process comprising the step of extracting ginger with an extraction solvent selected from the group consisting of C 1 ⁇ C 4 alcohols, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, chloroform, and a mixed solvent thereof Can be obtained. More preferably, the ginger extract may be an ethanol-extract obtained by extracting ginger with ethanol.
- the amount of the extractant used is not particularly limited, and for example, the extractant may be used in a ratio of about 1 to 10 times by volume, preferably about 1 to 5 times by volume, based on 1 weight of ginger powder sample.
- the extraction may be performed by extraction methods such as cold needle extraction, hot water extraction, ultrasonic extraction, reflux cooling extraction for about 7 to 20 days, preferably about 7 to 10 days.
- the extraction may be performed by cold extraction method at room temperature (about 25 °C), and the extraction process may be performed once or multiple times, preferably about three times.
- the obtained extract can be concentrated under reduced pressure or dried under reduced pressure at a conventional method, for example, at about 20 to 100 ° C., preferably at about 30 to 70 ° C., to obtain a ginger extract in liquid or powder form.
- the ginger extract may be obtained by performing an additional extraction process to increase the content of the active ingredient. That is, (a) extracting ginger with C 1 ⁇ C 4 alcohol; And (b) extracting by adding water and n-hexane to the extract obtained in step (a) and separating the obtained n-hexane layer (and further chromatographic fractionation if necessary). By this, a ginger extract having a high content of the active ingredient can be obtained.
- the further extraction process (ie steps (b), (b '), (c), (c'), and (d)) may be carried out by cold extraction method at room temperature (about 25 ° C.), and also The extraction process may be performed once or plural times, preferably about three times.
- the obtained extract can be concentrated under reduced pressure at a conventional method, for example, at about 20 to 100 ° C., preferably at about 30 to 70 ° C., or lyophilized as necessary to obtain a ginger extract in liquid or powder form. have.
- fractionation process using silica gel column chromatography, if necessary.
- the ginger extract can also be obtained using supercritical extraction.
- Supercritical extraction is carried out at a pressure of 60 to 350 bar, more preferably at about 300 bar, for 5 minutes to 24 hours, more preferably at about 6 hours, at 30 to 80 ° C., more preferably at about 50 ° C. Can be performed.
- the flow rate of the carbon dioxide can be maintained at 10 to 50 g / min, more preferably about 30 g / min, but is not particularly limited.
- the supercritical extraction may be performed once or multiple times (for example, 2 to 4 times).
- the carbon dioxide containing the ginger extract is introduced in the middle of the separator and the pressure drops to about 50-60 bar so that the solubility drops rapidly.
- the separator has a heating jacket of about 40 ° C.
- a cooling jacket of about 5 ° C. or less at the top and bottom. It is wrapped by the extract at the bottom and separated into liquid carbon dioxide and gaseous carbon dioxide at the top.
- the gaseous carbon dioxide at the top is liquefied by a cooler across a filter such as a charcoal filter and circulated back to the extractor through a pump.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising shogaol as an active ingredient.
- the shogaol is also called 6-shogaol, and its chemical name is ( E ) -1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) dec-4-en-3-one [( E )- 1- (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) dec-4-en-3-one], which has the structure of Formula 1 below.
- the shogaol may be separated from ginger, and various synthetic methods are known, including, for example, EP EP696958.
- compositions according to the invention can be in various forms, including pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, for example oral formulations such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, external preparations, suppositories and sterile injections. It may be formulated in the form of a solution. Especially preferably, it may be formulated in an oral dosage form.
- oral formulations such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, external preparations, suppositories and sterile injections.
- oral formulations such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, suspensions, emulsions, syrups, aerosols, external preparations, suppositories and sterile injections. It may be formulated in the form of a solution. Especially preferably, it may be formulated in an oral dosage form.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is lactose, dextrose, sucrose, sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, erythritol, maltitol, starch, acacia rubber, alginate, gelatin, calcium phosphate, calcium silicate, cellulose, methyl cellulose, microcrystalline Cellulose, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, water, methylhydroxybenzoate, propylhydroxybenzoate, talc, magnesium stearate, mineral oil and the like. Also included are diluents or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, and the like.
- Oral solid preparations include tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules and the like, and such solid preparations include at least one excipient such as starch, calcium carbonate, sucrose or lactose. ), Gelatin, and the like, and may include a lubricant such as magnesium stearate, talc, and the like.
- Oral liquid preparations include suspensions, solvents, emulsions, syrups, and the like, and may include water, diluents such as liquid paraffin, wetting agents, sweeteners, fragrances, preservatives, and the like.
- Parenteral preparations include sterile aqueous solutions, non-aqueous solvents, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilized preparations, suppositories, and non-aqueous solvents and suspensions include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, ethyl Injectable esters such as oleate and the like.
- aqueous solvents and suspensions include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, vegetable oils such as olive oil, ethyl Injectable esters such as oleate and the like.
- witepsol macrogol, tween 61, cacao butter, laurin butter, glycerogelatin and the like can be used.
- the dosage of the ginger extract or shogaol contained in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention depends on the condition and weight of the patient, the extent of the disease, the form of the drug, the route of administration and the duration, and may be appropriately selected by those skilled in the art.
- the shogaol may be administered at a dose of 0.01 to 500 mg / kg, preferably 10 to 200 mg / kg per day, and the administration may be administered once or several times a day.
- ginger extract may be administered in a dose of 0.01 to 500 mg / kg, preferably 10 to 200 mg / kg per day, the administration may be administered once or several times a day.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may comprise 0.001 to 50% by weight of the shogaol or ginger extract based on the total weight of the composition.
- the present invention includes a food composition for improving or alleviating symptoms of learning or memory impairment, comprising ginger extract or shogaol as an active ingredient.
- the present invention includes a food composition for learning or memory enhancement, including Shogaol as an active ingredient.
- the ginger extract can be obtained as described above.
- the food composition of the present invention can be used as a dietary supplement.
- health functional food means a food manufactured and processed using raw materials or ingredients having functional properties useful for the human body according to Act No. 6767 of the Health Functional Food Act, and "functionality” refers to the structure of the human body. And ingestion for the purpose of obtaining nutrients for function or for obtaining useful effects in health uses such as physiological actions.
- the food composition of the present invention may include a conventional food additives, and the suitability as the "food additives", unless otherwise specified, corresponding items according to the General Regulations and General Test Methods of the Food Additives approved by the Food and Drug Administration It is determined by the standard and the standard.
- Food Additive Revolution examples include, for example, chemical compounds such as ketones, glycine, potassium citrate, nicotinic acid, and cinnamon acid, natural additives such as color pigments, licorice extracts, crystalline cellulose, high color pigments, guar gum, Mixed preparations, such as a sodium L- glutamate preparation, an addition of an alkali, a preservative preparation, and a tar pigment preparation, are mentioned.
- the food composition of the present invention comprises 0.01 to 95%, preferably 1 to 1, of ginger extract or shogaol based on the total weight of the composition for the purpose of improving or alleviating symptoms or improving learning or memory impairment. It may include 80% by weight percentage. In addition, it may be prepared and processed in the form of tablets, capsules, powders, granules, liquids, pills and the like for the purpose of improving or relieving symptoms or improving learning or memory impairment.
- the health functional food in the form of tablets may be granulated by a conventional method of ginger extract or shogaol, excipients, binders, disintegrants, and mixtures with other additives, followed by compression molding with a lubricant or the like.
- the mixture may be directly compression molded.
- the health functional food in the form of tablets may contain a mating agent and the like, if necessary, may be coated with a suitable coating agent.
- Hard capsules among the health functional foods in the form of capsules include ginger extract or shogaol in a conventional hard capsule; And a mixture with an additive such as an excipient, or granules thereof, or a peeled granules, may be prepared, and the soft capsule agent may be a ginger extract or a shogaol; And a mixture with additives such as excipients in a capsule base such as gelatin.
- the soft capsule agent may contain a plasticizer such as glycerin or sorbitol, a colorant, a preservative, and the like, as necessary.
- Ring-shaped dietary supplements can be prepared by molding ginger extracts or mixtures of shogaols, excipients, binders, disintegrants, etc. by appropriate methods. Or they may be greeted with a suitable substance.
- the health functional food in the form of granules may be prepared by granulating the ginger extract or a mixture of shogaol, excipient, binder, disintegrating agent, etc. in a suitable manner, and may contain a flavoring agent, a copper, and the like as necessary.
- excipients binders, disintegrants, glidants, copulation agents, flavoring agents, etc. of the present invention are described in documents known in the art and include those having the same or similar functions. Sacrament, Korean College of Pharmacy, 5 revised edition, p33-48, 1989).
- n-butanol layer was separated by adding 1000 ml of n-butanol to the remaining aqueous layer.
- the obtained n-butanol layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and then completely dried by lyophilization. This process was repeated three times to obtain 18 g of n-butanol fraction.
- the remaining aqueous layer was concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent and then lyophilized to obtain 43 g of a water fraction.
- Ginger extract was prepared using a supercritical extraction method. Ginger was ground, 200 g of the dried sample was filled into a supercritical extractor, and extracted twice for 6 hours at 300 bar and 50 ° C. At this time, the flow rate of carbon dioxide was maintained at 30 g / min, the pressure in the middle of the separator was set to 50-60 bar, the temperature of the heating jacket at the top was set to 40 °C, the temperature of the cooling jacket at the bottom of 5 °C or less Set to. The gaseous carbon dioxide at the top of the separator was liquefied by the cooler across the charcoal filter and circulated back through the pump to the extractor. Supercritical extraction was performed as above to obtain 4.32 g of ginger extract.
- PC12 cells contained 2.0 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 10% horse serum, 5% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin antibiotic (10000 U / ml). Cultures were supplemented using supplemented RPMI1640 medium (Gibco BRL, USA). The used fetal bovine serum and horse serum were inactivated at 55 ° C. for 30 minutes before use, and both cells were cultured in a cell incubator maintained at 70% humidity and 37 ° C. and supplied with 5% carbon dioxide.
- poly-D-lysine (Sigma) was diluted in PBS buffer (pH 7.2) at a concentration of 50 ⁇ g / ml, and then surface coated for 1 hour before PBS buffer Incubated in a culture vessel washed three times.
- Shogaol was purchased from WAKO (Japan).
- the serum was exchanged with 10 ml of DMEM medium, and cultured again for 24 hours to obtain a medium.
- the obtained medium was centrifuged at 1500 rpm for 10 minutes, only the supernatant was collected again, and this medium (conditioned medium) was used for PC12 cell treatment.
- PC12 cells were aliquoted to contain 10 5 cells per well in a 6 well dish. After 24 hours of incubation, 2 ng / ml of neural growth factor diluted in PBS buffer and conditioned medium obtained from C6 cells were treated together and exchanged with new neural growth factor and conditioned medium every 2 days. Observed under a microscope while incubated for days. After four days of conditioned media, 10 cells per well were randomly selected and micrographed, zero if no axons were seen in the cells, 1 if the length of the axons were the same as the diameter of the cell body, and cell bodies. When grown to twice the diameter, the product of the axon length to the diameter of the cell body in the form of 2 was quantified. The test was repeated three times and the results are expressed as mean ⁇ error as shown in FIG. 1.
- the nerve growth factor secreted by C6 cells by Shogaol was quantified by treating the growth medium in a neuronal growth factor measurement kit (DY556, R & D system, USA).
- nerve growth factor was quantitatively analyzed in the culture medium obtained by treatment with Shogaol on C6 cells, and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
- PC12 cells were dispensed and cultured in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1-1, and after 24 hours of culture, nerve growth factors and medium were treated to PC12 cells in the same manner as above.
- the results of observing the PC12 cells under the microscope 4 days after the treatment are shown in FIG. 3.
- the results of FIG. 3 when 20 ⁇ M of Shogaol was treated, the growth of neuroaxaxes of PC12 cells increased, indicating that Shogaol had excellent neuronal growth factor secretion activity.
- mice were divided into 2 groups, 10 of each group.
- the first group (control) was orally administered 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (5mL / kg mouse weight) for 3 days, and the second group received 5 mg / kg of shogaol dissolved in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide. Orally administered for 3 days. Once a day orally for 3 days and a passive avoidance task (1 hour after the last oral administration) was performed as follows.
- the control group showed 165.50 ⁇ 23.39 seconds to maintain memory due to electric shock, while the Shogaol 5 mg / kg group showed 240.63 ⁇ 24.14 seconds to increase the retention time significantly (p ⁇ 0.05).
- mice were divided into 2 groups, 10 of each group.
- the first group control was orally administered 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (5 mL per kg body weight of the mouse) for 3 days
- the second group was ginger extract dissolved in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (Ginger prepared in Example 2) Extract) was orally administered in an amount of 50 mg / kg for 3 days.
- passive avoidance task passive avoidance task 1 hour after the last oral administration was carried out in the same manner as in Test Example 2-1. The result is shown in FIG.
- the control group showed 165.50 ⁇ 23.39 seconds to maintain memory due to electric shock, and the ginger extract 50 mg / kg group showed 237.43 ⁇ 17.35 seconds to increase the retention time significantly (p ⁇ 0.05).
- Figure 6 shows the dopaminergic protective effect of shogaol on neurotoxicity by MPP +.
- the number of dopamine-positive cells was 44.25 ⁇ 7.61% compared to the control group, which significantly reduced the number of dopamine cells (p ⁇ 0.01), and when treated with shogaol, the concentration was 91.50 ⁇ 3.38% at 0.01 ⁇ M.
- the dopamine cell protection effect was significant (p ⁇ 0.05).
- FIG. 7 shows the dopaminergic cytoprotective effect of shogaol on neurotoxicity by 6-OHDA.
- 6-OHDA group showed 34.00 ⁇ 5.77% dopamine-positive cell counts compared to the control group, which significantly reduced the number of dopamine cells (p ⁇ 0.001).
- the Shogaol-treated group was 57.25 ⁇ 0.01 ⁇ M.
- the number of dopamine positive cells was increased by 5.65% compared to 6-OHDA group.
- FIG. 9 shows the dopaminergic cell protective effect of the ginger fraction on neurotoxicity by 6-OHDA.
- 6-OHDA group showed 34.00 ⁇ 5.77% dopamine-positive cell count compared to the control group, which significantly decreased the number of dopamine cells (p ⁇ 0.001).
- Ginger extract ethanol extract
- hexane fraction hexane fraction
- ethyl acetate fraction butanol fraction and water fraction were treated at 100 ug / ml with 54.20 ⁇ 4.31%, 62.50 ⁇ 6.94%, 64.54 ⁇ 4.67%, 49.61 ⁇ 5.64% and 45.11 ⁇ 5.21%, respectively, compared with 6-OHDA group.
- the tendency was to increase.
- mice were divided into 3 groups, 6 of each group.
- Group 1 (control) and group 2 (MPTP) received 10% dimethyl sulfoxide orally once daily for 5 days at 5 mL / kg of mouse, and group 3 (shogaol group) received 10% dimethyl sulfoxide.
- Shogaol dissolved in the side was administered orally once a day for 5 days in an amount of 10 mg / kg.
- the first group (control group) was intraperitoneally administered saline solution at 5 mL per kg body weight for 5 days, and the second and third groups were dissolved in saline solution at a concentration of 30 mg / kg MPTP for 5 days. Intraperitoneal administration.
- mice of each group who completed the pole test were killed, brain tissues (striatum and substantia nigra) were separated. Dehydrated brain tissue was dehydrated with hydrogen peroxide, followed by overnight reaction with Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, millipore, rabbit origin 1: 2000) as a primary antibody, and then biotinylated anti-rabbit (vector, goat origin) as a secondary antibody. After the ABC reaction (ABC kit, vector) was developed using Diaminobenzidine (Diaminobenzidine). Dopamine cell protection was determined by measuring the optical density in the striatum and counting the number of TH positive cells in the black matter. The results are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
- mice were divided into 3 groups, 10 of each group.
- Group 1 (control) and group 2 (MPTP) received 10% dimethyl sulfoxide orally once daily for 5 days at 5 mL / kg of mouse, and group 3 (shogaol group) received 10% dimethyl sulfoxide.
- Ginger extract dissolved in the side was administered orally once a day for 5 days in an amount of 50 mg / kg.
- the first group (control group) was intraperitoneally administered saline solution at 5 mL per kg body weight for 5 days, and the second and third groups were dissolved in saline solution at a concentration of 30 mg / kg MPTP for 5 days. Intraperitoneal administration.
- FIGS. 14 and 15 After the mice of each group who completed the pole test were killed, brain tissues (striatum and substantia nigra) were separated. The activity of the isolated brain tissues was evaluated in the same manner as in (1-2), and the results are shown in FIGS. 14 and 15. As can be seen from FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, when the ginger extract was administered, the optical density in the striatum was 84.21 ⁇ 1.48% compared to the control, indicating that the dopamine cells showed significantly more protective activity than the MPTP-administered group. (p ⁇ 0.01), the percentage of TH-positive cells in black matter was 62.20 ⁇ 3.67% compared to the control group (p ⁇ 0.05). As a result, the ginger extract can be seen to show the protective activity of dopamine cells in striatum and substantia nigra.
- mice Seven-week-old C57BL / 6 male mice (20-25 g) were fed and reared for more than a week in the animal breeding room of the graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University. The water and feed were freely ingested. 2 ° C.), humidity (53 ⁇ 3%) and contrast cycle (12 hours) were automatically adjusted.
- mice were divided into 3 groups, 10 of each group. Anesthesia was induced in anesthesia gas (O 2 : 30%, N 2 O: 70%, Isoflurane: 2.0%) chamber, and then each group of mice was placed on the operating table with the back on the floor. The skin was incised approximately 1.5 cm above the point where the upper limb and midline met, and the bilateral common carotid arteries were exposed to prevent tissue damage. Tissues and nerves attached to the carotid artery were separated and wired for 25 minutes with aneurism clip. At this time, the body temperature of the mouse was measured with a rectal thermometer and maintained at 37 ⁇ 0.5 °C.
- the Sham control group refers to the group that did the experiment as above but did not ligation the carotid artery. Drug administration takes place immediately after the end of the 2VO procedure, followed by a total of 3 days once daily.
- 10% tween 80 was administered, and the ginger extract and each fraction (obtained in Example 1) were dissolved in 10% tween 80 and administered at 25 mg / kg.
- animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium (60 mg / kg, i.p.) and perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde. Brains were extracted and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and soaked in 30% sucrose solution for one day.
- the brain was frozen and cut in the vertical direction with a size of 30 ⁇ m.
- the cut tissues were transferred to gelatin coated slides and stained with 0.5% cresyl violet.
- the number of neurons was observed in the middle part of the hippocampus, which is the most susceptible to delayed neuronal cell death. Observation of the cell number was determined by counting the number of stained cells at high magnification ( ⁇ 400).
- the result of staining hippocampus obtained from each group of mice is shown in FIG. 16.
- the hippocampus after the 2VO procedure can confirm that apoptosis occurred in the CA1 portion, it can be confirmed that the apoptosis of the CA1 portion by the ginger extract.
- the result of enlarging the middle portion of CA1 of the hippocampus is as shown in Figure 17, the result of measuring the cell viability in CA1 is shown in Figure 18.
- the ginger extract (ethanol extract) and n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, butanol fraction, and water fraction treatment group can be seen that inhibit the neuronal cell death of the CA1 portion.
- Ginger extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, butanol fraction, and water fraction were 24.6 ⁇ 13.1%, 30.2 ⁇ 11.5%, 37.5 ⁇ 8.5%, 15.6 ⁇ 5.3%, and 12.5 ⁇ 4.7%, respectively, compared to 2VO group.
- Neuronal cell death inhibitory effect was shown.
- mice were divided into 3 groups, 10 of each group.
- the 2VO procedure was performed in the same manner as in Test Example 1.
- the Sham control group refers to the group that did the experiment as above but did not ligation the carotid artery.
- Drug administration was performed immediately after the end of the 2VO procedure, and then administered once a day for a total of three days. Sham and 2VO groups received 10% Tween 80 and shogaol was dissolved in 10% Tween 80 at 1, 3 and 10 mg / kg.
- Shogaol showed 29.5 ⁇ 15.4% neuronal cell death inhibition at a concentration of 10 mg / kg compared to the 2VO group (see FIGS. 19, 20, and 21).
- Ginger extract and Shogaol obtained in Examples 1 and 2 were sequentially administered to SD rats (3 cancers, 3 males, respectively) at doses of 0.1 mg / 10ml / kg to 5000mg / 10ml / kg, Mortality, general symptoms, body weight and autopsy findings were observed for 2 weeks. As a result, no dead animals were observed during the test period. In the general symptoms, no abnormalities caused by the test substance were observed, and no weight change or changes by the test substance were observed. In addition, in the visual necropsy findings, abnormal findings by the test substance were not observed. Thus, both ginger extract and shogaol are believed to be safe at a dose of at least 5 g / kg.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (14)
- 유효성분으로서 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올; 및 약학적으로 허용가능한 담체를 포함하는, 학습 장애, 기억력 장애, 파킨슨 질환, 또는 허혈성 뇌혈관 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유효성분이 쇼가올인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 유효성분이 생강 추출물인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 생강을 C1∼C4 의 알콜, n-헥산, 에틸 아세테이트, n-부탄올, 클로로포름, 및 이들의 혼합용매로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 추출용매로 추출하는 단계를 포함하는 추출공정을 수행하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 생강을 에탄올로 추출하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 (a) 생강을 C1∼C4 의 알콜로 추출하는 단계; 및 (b) 단계(a)에서 얻어진 추출물에 물 및 n-헥산을 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 n-헥산층을 분리하는 단계를 포함하는 추출공정을 수행하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 (a) 생강을 C1∼C4 의 알콜로 추출하는 단계; (b') 단계(a)에서 얻어진 추출물에 물 및 n-헥산을 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 수층을 분리하는 단계; 및 (c) 단계(b')에서 얻어진 수층에 에틸 아세테이트를 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 에틸 아세테이트층을 분리하는 단계를 포함하는 추출공정을 수행하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 (a) 생강을 C1∼C4 의 알콜로 추출하는 단계; (b') 단계(a)에서 얻어진 추출물에 물 및 n-헥산을 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 수층을 분리하는 단계; (c') 단계(b')에서 얻어진 수층에 에틸 아세테이트를 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 수층을 분리하는 단계; 및 (d) 단계(c')에서 얻어진 수층에 n-부탄올을 가하여 추출하고, 얻어지는 n-부탄올층 또는 수층을 분리하는 단계를 포함하는 추출공정을 수행하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제3항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 60∼350 bar의 압력에서 5 분 ∼ 24 시간 동안 30∼80 ℃에서 초임계 추출을 통하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 생강 추출물이 약 300 bar의 압력 및 약 50 ℃에서 약 6 시간씩 2∼4 회 초임계 추출을 통하여 얻어진 것임을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 허혈성 뇌혈관 질환이 일과성 뇌허혈발작(Transient Ischemic Attack), 가역성 허혈성 신경학적 결손(Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit), 진행성 뇌졸중(progressing stroke), 완전 뇌졸중(completed stroke), 또는 허혈성 혈관성 치매(ischemic vascular dementia)인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 제1항 내지 제10항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 상기 조성물의 제형(dosage form)이 산제, 과립제, 정제, 캡슐제, 현탁액, 에멀젼, 및 시럽으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 경구용 제형인 것을 특징으로 하는 약학 조성물.
- 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 유효성분으로 포함하는, 학습 장애 또는 기억력 장애의 개선 또는 증상완화용 식품 조성물.
- 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 유효성분으로 포함하는, 학습 또는 기억력 증진용 식품 조성물.
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US13/130,009 US9844521B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-13 | Pharmaceutical composition comprising ginger extract or shogaol |
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KR1020080114964A KR20100056020A (ko) | 2008-11-19 | 2008-11-19 | 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 포함하는 학습 또는 기억력 증진용 조성물 |
KR1020080118582A KR101288814B1 (ko) | 2008-11-27 | 2008-11-27 | 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 포함하는 파킨슨 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물 |
KR1020080118585A KR20100060124A (ko) | 2008-11-27 | 2008-11-27 | 생강 추출물 또는 쇼가올을 포함하는 허혈성 뇌혈관 질환의 예방 또는 치료용 약학 조성물 |
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WO2024101890A1 (ko) * | 2022-11-09 | 2024-05-16 | 경희대학교 산학협력단 | 건강 추출물, 쇼가올 및 레보도파를 유효성분으로 포함하는 파킨슨병 또는 도파민 유발 이상운동증의 예방 또는 치료용 조성물 |
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ES2919874T3 (es) * | 2014-09-24 | 2022-07-28 | Vital Beverages Global Inc | Composiciones y métodos para el suministro selectivo en el tubo gastrointestinal |
BR112018072141B8 (pt) * | 2016-04-27 | 2022-12-20 | Badmaev Vladimir | Método para manter homeostase de ferro com shogaóis |
CN106187727A (zh) * | 2016-07-27 | 2016-12-07 | 陕西嘉禾生物科技股份有限公司 | 一种从天堂椒果实中提取6‑姜酮酚的方法 |
WO2018129315A1 (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-12 | Flex Pharma, Inc. | Methods and compositions for the treatment of disease |
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KR102176033B1 (ko) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-11-06 | 주식회사 하나모아 | 생강 추출물을 함유하는 생강수 조성물 및 그 제조 방법 |
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CN102215857A (zh) | 2011-10-12 |
US20110229590A1 (en) | 2011-09-22 |
CN102215857B (zh) | 2015-06-17 |
WO2010058926A3 (ko) | 2010-09-23 |
US9844521B2 (en) | 2017-12-19 |
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